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Parashar K, Clor J, Piovesan D, Mitchell C, Stetson LC, Jin K, Barajas G, Cho S, Kline J, Young SW, Walker NP, Walters MJ, Fernandez-Salas E, Bowman CE. Abstract B08: AB598, a therapeutic anti-CD39 antibody, elevates ATP and increases immunogenicity in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Immunol Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/2326-6074.tumimm22-b08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
AB598, an IgG1 Fc-silent antibody that blocks CD39 (ENTPD1) enzymatic activity, is being developed as a novel cancer immunotherapy. CD39 is highly expressed on immune and stromal cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and is responsible for the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into adenosine monophosphate (AMP). AB598 can bind and inhibit CD39 activity on primary human immune cells, leading to an increase in local levels of immunostimulatory ATP. In the TME, elevated ATP exerts its effects by signaling through the purinergic family of P2X and P2Y receptors. Using a combined approach of nanostring profiling of myeloid cell subsets derived from healthy donors, flow cytometry on healthy human peripheral blood, and bioinformatic analysis of the MET500 and TCGA databases, we define a profile of relevant receptors that can act as effectors to promote anti-tumor responses upon CD39 inhibition. Nanostring and flow cytometry show CD39 and P2X7 are ubiquitously expressed across the myeloid cell lineage. P2RX7, CASP1, and GSDMD gene expression is highest in M1 macrophages, a finding corroborated by the boost in inflammasome activation seen on in vitro-derived macrophages with AB598 treatment. P2RY11 gene expression shows a bimodal distribution with the highest expression in monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) and M2 macrophages, a finding that supports previously published work identifying P2Y11 as the receptor responsible for ATP-induced maturation of moDCs. Using CD83 and CD86 as markers, we show that AB598 enhances ATP-induced moDC activation in a concentration-dependent manner. Supportive of the broad expression of CD39 on myeloid cell subsets, analysis of TCGA data shows an inverse correlation of ENTPD1 gene expression and tumor purity. ENTPD1 expression is positively correlated with P2RX7, NLRP3, ITGAM (CD11b), and ITGAX (CD11c) expression, establishing the presence of the machinery for AB598 inhibition of CD39 to promote myeloid cell activation in the TME. Clinically, immunostimulation in the TME can be achieved by the administration of an immunogenic cell death (ICD)-inducing chemotherapy capable of releasing ATP; however, the ATP can be degraded by CD39. Using continuous ATP monitoring, we show that AB598 treatment increases and maintains the pool of extracellular ATP from human cancer cell lines treated with ICD-inducing agents. Our results demonstrate that the TME has the machinery to respond to an environment rich in immunostimulatory ATP, common chemotherapeutic agents can cause tumor cells to release ATP extracellularly, and AB598 can effect immunogenic change through inflammasome activation and dendritic cell maturation when ATP is present in the TME. Overall, the findings presented here establish AB598 as a promising agent targeting CD39 for cancer immunotherapy and provide a rationale for the combination of AB598 with ICD-inducing chemotherapy in the clinic.
Citation Format: Kaustubh Parashar, Julie Clor, Dana Piovesan, Casey Mitchell, LC Stetson, Ke Jin, Gonzalo Barajas, Sean Cho, Janine Kline, Stephen W. Young, Nigel P. Walker, Matthew J. Walters, Ester Fernandez-Salas, Christine E. Bowman. AB598, a therapeutic anti-CD39 antibody, elevates ATP and increases immunogenicity in the tumor microenvironment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2022 Oct 21-24; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2022;10(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B08.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julie Clor
- 1Arcus Biosciences, Hayward, CA
- 1Arcus Biosciences, Hayward, CA
| | - Dana Piovesan
- 1Arcus Biosciences, Hayward, CA
- 1Arcus Biosciences, Hayward, CA
| | - Casey Mitchell
- 1Arcus Biosciences, Hayward, CA
- 1Arcus Biosciences, Hayward, CA
| | - LC Stetson
- 1Arcus Biosciences, Hayward, CA
- 1Arcus Biosciences, Hayward, CA
| | - Ke Jin
- 1Arcus Biosciences, Hayward, CA
- 1Arcus Biosciences, Hayward, CA
| | - Gonzalo Barajas
- 1Arcus Biosciences, Hayward, CA
- 1Arcus Biosciences, Hayward, CA
| | - Sean Cho
- 1Arcus Biosciences, Hayward, CA
- 1Arcus Biosciences, Hayward, CA
| | - Janine Kline
- 1Arcus Biosciences, Hayward, CA
- 1Arcus Biosciences, Hayward, CA
| | | | - Nigel P. Walker
- 1Arcus Biosciences, Hayward, CA
- 1Arcus Biosciences, Hayward, CA
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Cushing KC, Du X, Chen Y, Stetson LC, Kuppa A, Chen VL, Kahlenberg JM, Gudjonsson JE, Vanderwerff B, Higgins PDR, Speliotes EK. Inflammatory Bowel Disease Risk Variants Are Associated with an Increased Risk of Skin Cancer. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2022; 28:1667-1676. [PMID: 35018451 PMCID: PMC9924040 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izab336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with an increased risk of skin cancer. The aims of this study were to determine whether IBD susceptibility variants are also associated with skin cancer susceptibility and if such risk is augmented by use of immune-suppressive therapy. METHODS The discovery cohort included participants in the UK Biobank. The validation cohort included participants in the Michigan Genomics Initiative. The primary outcome of interest was skin cancer, subgrouped into nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC) and melanoma skin cancers (MSC). Multivariable logistic regression with matched controls (3 controls:1 case) was performed to identify genomic predictors of skin malignancy in the discovery cohort. Variants with P < .05 were tested for replication in the validation cohort. Validated Single nucleotide polymorphisms were then evaluated for effect modification by immune-suppressive medications. RESULTS The discovery cohort included 10,247 cases of NMSC and 1883 cases of MSC. The validation cohort included 7334 cases of NMSC and 3304 cases of MSC. Twenty-nine variants were associated with risk of NMSC in the discovery cohort, of which 5 replicated in the validation cohort (increased risk, rs7773324-A [DUSP22; IRF4], rs2476601-G [PTPN22], rs1847472-C [BACH2], rs72810983-A [CPEB4]; decreased risk, rs6088765-G [PROCR; MMP24]). Twelve variants were associated with risk of MSC in the discovery cohort, of which 4 were replicated in the validation cohort (increased risk, rs61839660-T [IL2RA]; decreased risk, rs17391694-C [GIPC2; MGC27382], rs6088765-G [PROCR; MMP24], and rs1728785-C [ZFP90]). No effect modification was observed. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study highlight shared genetic susceptibility across IBD and skin cancer, with increased risk of NMSC in those who carry risk variants in IRF4, PTPN22, CPEB4, and BACH2 and increased risk of MSC in those who carry a risk variant in IL2RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly C Cushing
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xiaomeng Du
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yanhua Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - L C Stetson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Annapurna Kuppa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Vincent L Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - J Michelle Kahlenberg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Brett Vanderwerff
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Peter D R Higgins
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Elizabeth K Speliotes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Stetson LC, Balasubramanian D, Ribeiro SP, Stefan T, Gupta K, Xu X, Fourati S, Roe A, Jackson Z, Schauner R, Sharma A, Tamilselvan B, Li S, de Lima M, Hwang TH, Balderas R, Saunthararajah Y, Maciejewski J, LaFramboise T, Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Sekaly RP, Wald DN. Single cell RNA sequencing of AML initiating cells reveals RNA-based evolution during disease progression. Leukemia 2021; 35:2799-2812. [PMID: 34244611 PMCID: PMC8807029 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01338-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The prognosis of most patients with AML is poor due to frequent disease relapse. The cause of relapse is thought to be from the persistence of leukemia initiating cells (LIC's) following treatment. Here we assessed RNA based changes in LICs from matched patient diagnosis and relapse samples using single-cell RNA sequencing. Previous studies on AML progression have focused on genetic changes at the DNA mutation level mostly in bulk AML cells and demonstrated the existence of DNA clonal evolution. Here we identified in LICs that the phenomenon of RNA clonal evolution occurs during AML progression. Despite the presence of vast transcriptional heterogeneity at the single cell level, pathway analysis identified common signaling networks involving metabolism, apoptosis and chemokine signaling that evolved during AML progression and become a signature of relapse samples. A subset of this gene signature was validated at the protein level in LICs by flow cytometry from an independent AML cohort and functional studies were performed to demonstrate co-targeting BCL2 and CXCR4 signaling may help overcome therapeutic challenges with AML heterogeneity. It is hoped this work will facilitate a greater understanding of AML relapse leading to improved prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic strategies to target LIC's.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Stetson
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Tammy Stefan
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kalpana Gupta
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Xuan Xu
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Slim Fourati
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Anne Roe
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Zachary Jackson
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Robert Schauner
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ashish Sharma
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Samuel Li
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Marcos de Lima
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Tae Hyun Hwang
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Yogen Saunthararajah
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jaroslaw Maciejewski
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Thomas LaFramboise
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Rafick-Pierre Sekaly
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - David N Wald
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Kahali B, Chen Y, Feitosa MF, Bielak LF, O’Connell JR, Musani SK, Hegde Y, Chen Y, Stetson LC, Guo X, Fu YP, Smith AV, Ryan KA, Eiriksdottir G, Cohain AT, Allison M, Bakshi A, Bowden DW, Budoff MJ, Carr JJ, Carskadon S, Chen YDI, Correa A, Crudup BF, Du X, Harris TB, Yang J, Kardia SLR, Launer LJ, Liu J, Mosley TH, Norris JM, Terry JG, Palanisamy N, Schadt EE, O’Donnell CJ, Yerges-Armstrong LM, Rotter JI, Wagenknecht LE, Handelman SK, Gudnason V, Province MA, Peyser PA, Halligan B, Palmer ND, Speliotes EK. A Noncoding Variant Near PPP1R3B Promotes Liver Glycogen Storage and MetS, but Protects Against Myocardial Infarction. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:372-387. [PMID: 33231259 PMCID: PMC7823249 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Glycogen storage diseases are rare. Increased glycogen in the liver results in increased attenuation. OBJECTIVE Investigate the association and function of a noncoding region associated with liver attenuation but not histologic nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. DESIGN Genetics of Obesity-associated Liver Disease Consortium. SETTING Population-based. MAIN OUTCOME Computed tomography measured liver attenuation. RESULTS Carriers of rs4841132-A (frequency 2%-19%) do not show increased hepatic steatosis; they have increased liver attenuation indicative of increased glycogen deposition. rs4841132 falls in a noncoding RNA LOC157273 ~190 kb upstream of PPP1R3B. We demonstrate that rs4841132-A increases PPP1R3B through a cis genetic effect. Using CRISPR/Cas9 we engineered a 105-bp deletion including rs4841132-A in human hepatocarcinoma cells that increases PPP1R3B, decreases LOC157273, and increases glycogen perfectly mirroring the human disease. Overexpression of PPP1R3B or knockdown of LOC157273 increased glycogen but did not result in decreased LOC157273 or increased PPP1R3B, respectively, suggesting that the effects may not all occur via affecting RNA levels. Based on electronic health record (EHR) data, rs4841132-A associates with all components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, rs4841132-A associated with decreased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and risk for myocardial infarction (MI). A metabolic signature for rs4841132-A includes increased glycine, lactate, triglycerides, and decreased acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate. CONCLUSIONS These results show that rs4841132-A promotes a hepatic glycogen storage disease by increasing PPP1R3B and decreasing LOC157273. rs4841132-A promotes glycogen accumulation and development of MetS but lowers LDL cholesterol and risk for MI. These results suggest that elevated hepatic glycogen is one cause of MetS that does not invariably promote MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bratati Kahali
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jeffrey R O’Connell
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland-Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Solomon K Musani
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Yash Hegde
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yanhua Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - L C Stetson
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed and Department of Pediatrics at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Yi-ping Fu
- Framingham Heart Study, NHLBI, NIH, Framingham, MA, USA
- Office of Biostatistics Research, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Albert Vernon Smith
- School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kathleen A Ryan
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland-Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Ariella T Cohain
- Department of Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew Allison
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Bakshi
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Matthew J Budoff
- Department of Internal Medicine, LA Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - J Jeffrey Carr
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Yii-Der I Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed and Department of Pediatrics at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Breland F Crudup
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Xiaomeng Du
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute of Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jian Yang
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute of Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jiankang Liu
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Havard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas H Mosley
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Jill M Norris
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, University of Colorado at Denver Health Sciences Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - James G Terry
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Eric E Schadt
- Department of Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christopher J O’Donnell
- Framingham Heart Study, NHLBI, NIH, Framingham, MA, USA
- Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Veteran’s Administration Healthcare, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura M Yerges-Armstrong
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland-Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Target Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed and Department of Pediatrics at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Lynne E Wagenknecht
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Samuel K Handelman
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Department of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Brian Halligan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nicholette D Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth K Speliotes
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Nesterova DS, Midya V, Zacharia BE, Proctor EA, Lee SY, Stetson LC, Lathia JD, Rubin JB, Waite KA, Berens ME, Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Connor JR. Sexually dimorphic impact of the iron-regulating gene, HFE, on survival in glioblastoma. Neurooncol Adv 2020; 2:vdaa001. [PMID: 32642673 PMCID: PMC7212901 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdaa001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The median survival for patients with glioblastoma (GBM), the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults, has remained approximately 1 year for more than 2 decades. Recent advances in the field have identified GBM as a sexually dimorphic disease. It is less prevalent in females and they have better survival compared to males. The molecular mechanism of this difference has not yet been established. Iron is essential for many biological processes supporting tumor growth and its regulation is impacted by sex. Therefore, we interrogated the expression of a key component of cellular iron regulation, the HFE (homeostatic iron regulatory) gene, on sexually dimorphic survival in GBM. Methods We analyzed TCGA microarray gene expression and clinical data of all primary GBM patients (IDH-wild type) to compare tumor mRNA expression of HFE with overall survival, stratified by sex. Results In low HFE expressing tumors (below median expression, n = 220), survival is modulated by both sex and MGMT status, with the combination of female sex and MGMT methylation resulting in over a 10-month survival advantage (P < .0001) over the other groups. Alternatively, expression of HFE above the median (high HFE, n = 240) is associated with significantly worse overall survival in GBM, regardless of MGMT methylation status or patient sex. Gene expression analysis uncovered a correlation between high HFE expression and expression of genes associated with immune function. Conclusions The level of HFE expression in GBM has a sexually dimorphic impact on survival. Whereas HFE expression below the median imparts a survival benefit to females, high HFE expression is associated with significantly worse overall survival regardless of established prognostic factors such as sex or MGMT methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darya S Nesterova
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Vishal Midya
- Division of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brad E Zacharia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Proctor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sang Y Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lindsay C Stetson
- Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Justin D Lathia
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Rose Ella Burkhardt Brain Tumor and Neuro-Oncology Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Joshua B Rubin
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Kristin A Waite
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Population Health and Quantitative Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael E Berens
- Cancer and Cell Biology Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Population Health and Quantitative Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - James R Connor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
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Johansen ML, Stetson LC, Vadmal V, Waite K, Berens ME, Connor JR, Lathia J, Rubin JB, Barnholtz-Sloan JS. Gliomas display distinct sex-based differential methylation patterns based on molecular subtype. Neurooncol Adv 2020; 2:vdaa002. [PMID: 32642674 PMCID: PMC7212920 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdaa002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gliomas are the most common type of primary brain tumor and one of many cancers where males are diagnosed with greater frequency than females. However, little is known about the sex-based molecular differences in glioblastomas (GBMs) or lower grade glioma (non-GBM) subtypes. DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism involved in regulating gene transcription. In glioma and other cancers, hypermethylation of specific gene promoters downregulates transcription and may have a profound effect on patient outcome. The purpose of this study was to determine if sex-based methylation differences exist in different glioma subtypes. Methods Molecular and clinical data from glioma patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and grouped according to tumor grade and molecular subtype (IDH1/2 mutation and 1p/19q chromosomal deletion). Sex-specific differentially methylated probes (DMPs) were identified in each subtype and further analyzed to determine if they were part of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) or associated with differentially methylated DNA transcription regulatory binding motifs. Results Analysis of methylation data in 4 glioma subtypes revealed unique sets of both sex-specific DMPs and DMRs in each subtype. Motif analysis based on DMP position also identified distinct sex-based sets of DNA-binding motifs that varied according to glioma subtype. Downstream targets of 2 of the GBM-specific transcription binding sites, NFAT5 and KLF6, showed differential gene expression consistent with increased methylation mediating downregulation. Conclusion DNA methylation differences between males and females in 4 glioma molecular subtypes suggest an important, sex-specific role for DNA methylation in epigenetic regulation of gliomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette L Johansen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - L C Stetson
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Vachan Vadmal
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Kristin Waite
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Cleveland Center for Health Outcomes Research, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael E Berens
- Cancer and Cell Biology Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - James R Connor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Justin Lathia
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Joshua B Rubin
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Cleveland Center for Health Outcomes Research, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Stetson LC, Ostrom QT, Schlatzer D, Liao P, Devine K, Waite K, Couce ME, Harris PLR, Kerstetter-Fogle A, Berens ME, Sloan AE, Islam MM, Rajaratnam V, Mirza SP, Chance MR, Barnholtz-Sloan JS. Proteins inform survival-based differences in patients with glioblastoma. Neurooncol Adv 2020; 2:vdaa039. [PMID: 32642694 PMCID: PMC7212893 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdaa039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improving the care of patients with glioblastoma (GB) requires accurate and reliable predictors of patient prognosis. Unfortunately, while protein markers are an effective readout of cellular function, proteomics has been underutilized in GB prognostic marker discovery. METHODS For this study, GB patients were prospectively recruited and proteomics discovery using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (LC-MS/MS) was performed for 27 patients including 13 short-term survivors (STS) (≤10 months) and 14 long-term survivors (LTS) (≥18 months). RESULTS Proteomics discovery identified 11 941 peptides in 2495 unique proteins, with 469 proteins exhibiting significant dysregulation when comparing STS to LTS. We verified the differential abundance of 67 out of these 469 proteins in a small previously published independent dataset. Proteins involved in axon guidance were upregulated in STS compared to LTS, while those involved in p53 signaling were upregulated in LTS. We also assessed the correlation between LS MS/MS data with RNAseq data from the same discovery patients and found a low correlation between protein abundance and mRNA expression. Finally, using LC-MS/MS on a set of 18 samples from 6 patients, we quantified the intratumoral heterogeneity of more than 2256 proteins in the multisample dataset. CONCLUSIONS These proteomic datasets and noted protein variations present a beneficial resource for better predicting patient outcome and investigating potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Stetson
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Quinn T Ostrom
- Department of Medicine and Division of Hematology-Oncology, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Daniela Schlatzer
- Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics and Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Peter Liao
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Karen Devine
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Kristin Waite
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences and Cleveland Center for Health Outcomes Research (CCHOR), Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Marta E Couce
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Peggy L R Harris
- Brain Tumor and Neuro-Oncology Center & Center of Excellence, Translational Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurosurgery, Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Amber Kerstetter-Fogle
- Brain Tumor and Neuro-Oncology Center & Center of Excellence, Translational Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurosurgery, Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael E Berens
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Andrew E Sloan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Brain Tumor and Neuro-Oncology Center & Center of Excellence, Translational Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurosurgery, Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Mohammad M Islam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Vilashini Rajaratnam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Shama P Mirza
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Mark R Chance
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics and Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences and Cleveland Center for Health Outcomes Research (CCHOR), Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Gittleman H, Ostrom QT, Stetson LC, Waite K, Hodges TR, Wright CH, Wright J, Rubin JB, Berens ME, Lathia J, Connor JR, Kruchko C, Sloan AE, Barnholtz-Sloan JS. Sex is an important prognostic factor for glioblastoma but not for nonglioblastoma. Neurooncol Pract 2019; 6:451-462. [PMID: 31832215 DOI: 10.1093/nop/npz019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and most malignant glioma. Nonglioblastoma (non-GBM) gliomas (WHO Grades II and III) are invasive and also often fatal. The goal of this study is to determine whether sex differences exist in glioma survival. Methods Data were obtained from the National Cancer Database (NCDB) for years 2010 to 2014. GBM (WHO Grade IV; N = 2073) and non-GBM (WHO Grades II and III; N = 2963) were defined using the histology grouping of the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States. Non-GBM was divided into oligodendrogliomas/mixed gliomas and astrocytomas. Sex differences in survival were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for known prognostic variables. Results There was a female survival advantage in patients with GBM both in the unadjusted (P = .048) and adjusted (P = .003) models. Unadjusted, median survival was 20.1 months (95% CI: 18.7-21.3 months) for women and 17.8 months (95% CI: 16.9-18.7 months) for men. Adjusted, median survival was 20.4 months (95% CI: 18.9-21.6 months) for women and 17.5 months (95% CI: 16.7-18.3 months) for men. When stratifying by age group (18-55 vs 56+ years at diagnosis), this female survival advantage appeared only in the older group, adjusting for covariates (P = .017). Women (44.1%) had a higher proportion of methylated MGMT (O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase) than men (38.4%). No sex differences were found for non-GBM. Conclusions Using the NCDB data, there was a statistically significant female survival advantage in GBM, but not in non-GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley Gittleman
- Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States, Hinsdale, IL.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH.,Department of Population Health and Quantitative Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Quinn T Ostrom
- Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States, Hinsdale, IL.,Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - L C Stetson
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Kristin Waite
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH.,Department of Population Health and Quantitative Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Tiffany R Hodges
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University Hospitals of Cleveland and Case Western University School of Medicine, OH.,Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals of Cleveland, OH
| | - Christina H Wright
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University Hospitals of Cleveland and Case Western University School of Medicine, OH
| | - James Wright
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University Hospitals of Cleveland and Case Western University School of Medicine, OH
| | | | | | - Justin Lathia
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH.,Cleveland Clinic, Lerner Research Institute, OH
| | - James R Connor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State, State College
| | - Carol Kruchko
- Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States, Hinsdale, IL
| | - Andrew E Sloan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH.,Department of Neurological Surgery, University Hospitals of Cleveland and Case Western University School of Medicine, OH.,Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals of Cleveland, OH
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States, Hinsdale, IL.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH.,Department of Population Health and Quantitative Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
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Stetson LC, Ostrom QT, Liao P, Sloan AE, Chance MR, Barnholtz-Sloan JS. Abstract 4220: Heterogeneous distribution of prognostic protein markers in glioblastoma. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-4220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal primary malignant brain tumor in adults. The heterogeneity of the disease leads to significant variability in response to standard therapy (surgery plus concurrent radiation and temozolomide). An accurate and reliable predictor of patient prognosis represents an unmet need to improve the care of GBM patients. While protein markers are an effective readout of cellular function, proteomics has rarely been utilized in GBM prognostic marker discovery. Experimental Procedures: GBM patients were prospectively recruited (Ohio Brain Tumor Study) and proteomics discovery using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry analysis (LC MS/MS) was performed in a discovery set of 27 patients including 13 short-term survivors (< 9 months, STS) and 14 long-term survivors (>= 18 months, LTS). Statistically significant proteins were evaluated in two independent datasets, including in18 samples micro-dissected from multiple tumor areas of 6 GBM patients. Results: Proteomics discovery identified 11,941 peptides in 2,495 unique proteins, with 172 proteins exhibiting significant dysregulation when comparing STS and LTS. Proteins involved in glycolysis/TCA cycle were up-regulated in STS compared to LTS by examination of individual targets as well as upon application of a novel protein and peptide pathway enrichment analysis. Validation of these dysregulated proteins and other protein markers from the literature in our first validation set (18 samples micro-dissected from n=6 patients) demonstrated that they were very unevenly distributed throughout individual patients' tumors. Several proteins overcame the heterogeneous nature of the tumors and were both prognostic markers differentially expressed between LTS and STS, as well as potential drug targets owing to their even distribution throughout the tumor. Protein abundance of significant marker proteins were verified in a second independent validation set using Western immunoblots. Conclusion: The current study verified the importance of metabolism in GBM pathology and demonstrated the heterogeneous nature of GBMs at the protein level.
Citation Format: Lindsay C. Stetson, Quinn T. Ostrom, Peter Liao, Andrew E. Sloan, Mark R. Chance, Jill S. Barnholtz-Sloan. Heterogeneous distribution of prognostic protein markers in glioblastoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4220.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peter Liao
- Case Western Reserve Univ., Cleveland, OH
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Stetson LC, Ferreira de Souza C, Maistro Malta T, Sarraf Sabedot T, Ostrom Q, Liao P, Pretti da Cunha Tirapelli D, Neder L, Gilberto Carlotti C, Akbani R, Salama S, Poisson L, Brat D, Noushmehr H, Barnholtz-Sloan J. Abstract 780: Multi-omic profiling of gliomas reveals distinct DNA methylation changes at tumor recurrence. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Varying possibilities of tumor relapse for lower grade glioma (LGG, WHO grade II and III) and glioblastoma (GBM, WHO grade IV) have led to heterogenous clinical outcomes for patients. Our current study aims to establish a molecular profile of recurrence of matched primary and recurrent LGG (n = 28) and recurrent GBM (n = 24) tumor samples. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) has comprehensively profiled these matched primary/recurrent tumor sets; whole genomes, coding exomes, methylomes, and transcriptomes have been sequenced, and the samples have undergone targeted profiling of the proteome. While unsupervised analysis techniques have not led to a clear recurrence signature, supervised analysis methods have revealed interesting patterns. Protein profiling has shown that recurrent gliomas retain the overall molecular signature of their primary counterpart, but the DNA damage response, apoptosis and RTK pathways are downregulated in the recurrent gliomas, in contrast to RAS/MAPK, PI3K/AKT, and EMT pathways, which are upregulated. Whole genome sequencing and rearrangement analysis have revealed increased genomic complexity among most recurrent gliomas as well as new fusions of interest in recurrent LGG samples (PTPRZ1-MET and involving ATRX). Using genome-wide Illumina HumanMethylation 450K data we observed that 78.6% of LGGs showed depletion of DNA methylation at recurrence and 50% of GBM tumors showed an enrichment of DNA methylation at recurrence. Patient centric enrichment analysis allowed us to discover a candidate biological subgroup characterized by a subset of LGG recurrences (50%) exhibiting an aberrant CpG methylation loss at inintergenic opensea regions when compared with canonical CpG islands and shores (fold > 1.3 and confidence intervals of 99%). Importantly, inspection of CpG sites significantly hypomethylated at openseas showed that this pronounced epigenetic signature maps to candidate TSS distal and hypomethylated enhancers. The gene-targets of these hypomethylated CpG sites show a corresponding up-regulation of expression. Pathway analysis has demonstrated that these upregulated genes are involved in cellular growth and proliferation, cellular function and maintenance, and cell cycle regulation. Our results provide evidence that DNA methylation may represent a stable signature of glioma recurrence and that the crosstalk between DNA hypomethylation at openseas and chromosomal instability may be involved in glioma recurrence. We plan to further integrate our findings between data types and correlate with treatment and patient clinical outcome.
Citation Format: Lindsay C. Stetson, Camila Ferreira de Souza, Tathiane Maistro Malta, Thais Sarraf Sabedot, Quinn Ostrom, Peter Liao, Daniela Pretti da Cunha Tirapelli, Luciano Neder, Carlos Gilberto Carlotti, Rehan Akbani, Sofie Salama, Laila Poisson, Daniel Brat, The Cancer Genome Atlas Network, Houtan Noushmehr, Jill Barnholtz-Sloan. Multi-omic profiling of gliomas reveals distinct DNA methylation changes at tumor recurrence. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 780.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Quinn Ostrom
- 1Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Peter Liao
- 1Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | | | - Luciano Neder
- 2Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Rehan Akbani
- 3University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, TX
| | | | | | - Daniel Brat
- 6Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, GA
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Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a genomically complex and aggressive primary adult brain tumor, with a median survival time of 12-14 months. The heterogeneous nature of this disease has made the identification and validation of prognostic biomarkers difficult. Using reverse phase protein array data from 203 primary untreated GBM patients, we have identified a set of 13 proteins with prognostic significance. Our protein signature predictive of glioblastoma (PROTGLIO) patient survival model was constructed and validated on independent data sets and was shown to significantly predict survival in GBM patients (log-rank test: p = 0.0009). Using a multivariate Cox proportional hazards, we have shown that our PROTGLIO model is distinct from other known GBM prognostic factors (age at diagnosis, extent of surgical resection, postoperative Karnofsky performance score (KPS), treatment with temozolomide (TMZ) chemoradiation, and methylation of the MGMT gene). Tenfold cross-validation repetition of our model generation procedure confirmed validation of PROTGLIO. The model was further validated on an independent set of isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type (IDHwt) lower grade gliomas (LGG)-a portion of these tumors progress rapidly to GBM. The PROTGLIO model contains proteins, such as Cox-2 and Annexin 1, involved in inflammatory response, pointing to potential therapeutic interventions. The PROTGLIO model is a simple and effective predictor of overall survival in glioblastoma patients, making it potentially useful in clinical practice of glioblastoma multiforme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay C Stetson
- From §Case Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Jean-Eudes Dazard
- From §Case Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- From §Case Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106
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Stetson LC, Pearl T, Chen Y, Barnholtz-Sloan JS. Erratum: Computational identification of multi-omic correlates of anticancer therapeutic response. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:481. [PMID: 26122008 PMCID: PMC4484706 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1630-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay C Stetson
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA. .,Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
| | - Taylor Pearl
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - Yanwen Chen
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA. .,Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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Stetson LC, Pearl T, Chen Y, Barnholtz-Sloan JS. Computational identification of multi-omic correlates of anticancer therapeutic response. BMC Genomics 2014; 15 Suppl 7:S2. [PMID: 25573145 PMCID: PMC4243102 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-s7-s2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A challenge in precision medicine is the transformation of genomic data into knowledge that can be used to stratify patients into treatment groups based on predicted clinical response. Although clinical trials remain the only way to truly measure drug toxicities and effectiveness, as a scientific community we lack the resources to clinically assess all drugs presently under development. Therefore, an effective preclinical model system that enables prediction of anticancer drug response could significantly speed the broader adoption of personalized medicine. Results Three large-scale pharmacogenomic studies have screened anticancer compounds in greater than 1000 distinct human cancer cell lines. We combined these datasets to generate and validate multi-omic predictors of drug response. We compared drug response signatures built using a penalized linear regression model and two non-linear machine learning techniques, random forest and support vector machine. The precision and robustness of each drug response signature was assessed using cross-validation across three independent datasets. Fifteen drugs were common among the datasets. We validated prediction signatures for eleven out of fifteen tested drugs (17-AAG, AZD0530, AZD6244, Erlotinib, Lapatinib, Nultin-3, Paclitaxel, PD0325901, PD0332991, PF02341066, and PLX4720). Conclusions Multi-omic predictors of drug response can be generated and validated for many drugs. Specifically, the random forest algorithm generated more precise and robust prediction signatures when compared to support vector machines and the more commonly used elastic net regression. The resulting drug response signatures can be used to stratify patients into treatment groups based on their individual tumor biology, with two major benefits: speeding the process of bringing preclinical drugs to market, and the repurposing and repositioning of existing anticancer therapies.
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Stetson LC, Barnholtz-Sloan JS. Abstract 297: Protein markers predict overall survival in glioblastoma multiforme. Cancer Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2014-297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Unrealized needs in the care of patients diagnosed with primary glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are accurate and clinically relevant predictors of patient prognosis. Patients receiving standard therapy (surgery plus concurrent radiation and temozolomide) have variable clinical outcomes. Available prognostic indicators such as MGMT DNA methylation, IDH1 mutation, and the G-CIMP phenotype are only relevant for a small proportion of those diagnosed with primary GBM. Protein markers of GBM prognosis would not only provide a potential route for classifying and stratifying patients into treatment groups they could also provide an opportunity to identify potential novel drug targets. In this study, using reverse-phase protein array data from Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) GBMs, we have constructed and validated a PROTein signature predictive of GLIOblastoma survival (PROTGLIO).
Using L1 penalized cox regression, we have identified six protein markers most associated with overall survival in a training set of 107 TCGA GBMs. Three proteins (annexin, cox-2, and FOX03) were associated with shorter overall survival, and three proteins (phosphorylated RPS6KA1, phosphorylated RB1, and TGM2) were associated with longer overall survival. PROTGLIO scores were defined as a linear combination of protein expression levels of the six proteins and the associated Cox regression coefficients, where a higher score indicates a worse prognosis. Based on PROTGLIO scores cases were classified into high and low risk groups. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a significant difference (p = 0.01) in overall survival between the high and low risk groups in our training set. The performance of the PROTGLIO score was validated in a testing set, which consisted of 107 TCGA cases not included in the training set. In the validation set there was a significant difference in overall survival between the high and low risk groups (p = 0.02). We have verified that our signature is independent of known prognostic variables such as age, treatment pattern, and molecular subtype by applying multivariate analysis using a Cox proportional hazard model.
The annexin family of proteins has been previously associated with glioma migration and growth and the cox-2 protein has been reported as a marker of poor prognosis among diffuse glioma patients. Our work points to these proteins, along with FOX03, as being negative prognosticators for GBMs and potential avenues for therapeutic intervention. Additionally, we report on the protective effects of phosphorylated RB1 expression, which is supported by previous studies recommending clinical stratification of patients based on RB1 alterations. Further work is needed to elucidate the protective mechanisms of RPS6KA1 and TGM2.
Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting.
Citation Format: Lindsay C. Stetson, Jill S. Barnholtz-Sloan. Protein markers predict overall survival in glioblastoma multiforme. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 297. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-297
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay C. Stetson
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
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