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Casareto L, Appelman-Dijkstra NM, Brandi ML, Chapurlat R, Cormier-Daire V, Hamdy NAT, Heath KE, Horn J, Mantovani G, Mohnike K, Sousa SB, Travessa A, Wekre LL, Zillikens MC, Sangiorgi L. ERN BOND: The key European network leveraging diagnosis, research, and treatment for rare bone conditions. Eur J Med Genet 2024; 68:104916. [PMID: 38296035 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2024.104916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
There is no universally accepted definition for rare diseases: in Europe a disease is considered to be rare when affecting fewer than 1 in 2000 people. European Reference Networks (ERNs) have been the concrete response to address the unmet needs of rare disease patients and many pan-European issues in the field, reducing inequities, and significantly increasing accessibility to high-quality healthcare across Europe. ERNs are virtual networks, involving centres and patient representatives with the general scope to facilitate discussion on complex cases requiring highly specialised competences and trained expertise. ERN BOND - the European Reference Network on rare BONe Diseases - is one of these 24 approved networks with the specific ongoing mission to implement measures facilitating multidisciplinary, holistic, continuous, patient-centred, and participative care provision to patients, and supporting them in the full realisation of their fundamental human rights. ERN BOND includes in 2023 a total of 53 centres of expertise from 20 European countries. Its governing structure installed in March 2017 includes decision-making, operative and consultative committees, which comprise experts in the field and patient representatives ensuring patient's voice and perspectives are taken into account. Over the years, ERN BOND has worked hard to achieve its mission and valuably contribute to the advancement of diagnosis, management, treatment, and research in rare diseases. The network activities are mainly related to (i) the provision of care which collectively involves averagely 2800 patients diagnosed per year, (ii) the development of education for and training of the healthcare personnel consisting until now in the realisation of 7 thematic workshops and 19 webinars, (iii) the dissemination and exchange and spread of knowledge via network's website (https://ernbond.eu/), social media channels, and newsletters, (iv) the management of related data through a disease registry currently mapping over 2300 cases and recording over 600 reported cases, and (v) the enhancement of research which now include two clinical trials endorsed by the network. ERN BOND represents therefore an unprecedented move to improve the healthcare management of patients suffering from rare bone diseases through European collaborations. This network, through the support from the European Health Programme, will continue to pursue its efforts to achieve its goals, always maintaining the patients and their families at the centre of healthcare services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Casareto
- Department of Rare Skeletal Disorders, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Natasha M Appelman-Dijkstra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Leiden Center for Bone Quality, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Maria Luisa Brandi
- Bone Metabolic Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital (AOU Careggi), Florence, Italy, Florence, Italy
| | - Roland Chapurlat
- National Reference Center for Fibrous Dysplasia of Bone/McCune-Albright syndrome, INSERM, UMR, 1033, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Valérie Cormier-Daire
- French reference center for skelatal dysplasia, Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Assistance Publique- Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Neveen A T Hamdy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Leiden Center for Bone Quality, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Karen E Heath
- Skeletal dysplasia multidisciplinary Unit (UMDE) and Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ and CIBERER, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joachim Horn
- Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Olso, Norway
| | - Giovanna Mantovani
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Klaus Mohnike
- Universitätsklinikum Magdeburg, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - André Travessa
- Medical Genetics Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Lena Lande Wekre
- Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; TRS National Resource Center for Rare Disorders, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Norway
| | - M Carola Zillikens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Luca Sangiorgi
- Department of Rare Skeletal Disorders, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
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Iacomussi S, Casareto L, Locatelli M, Wang CM, Borroni S, Mascalzoni D, Sangiorgi L. Governance of Access in Biobanking: The Case of Telethon Network of Genetic Biobanks. Biopreserv Biobank 2021; 19:483-492. [PMID: 34870481 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2021.0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The discussion concerning the measure of the quality of a biobank should focus not only on the number of stored samples and their quality but also on the assessment of their access arrangements and governance. This article aims at contributing to the ongoing debate on samples and data access governance in biobanking by presenting the case of the Telethon Network of Genetic Biobanks (TNGB). We attempt to contribute to the need for clear and available access criteria and harmonization in access arrangements to maximize the influence of biobanks in the progress of biomedical research. We reviewed all the sample requests submitted to the TNGB from 2008 to 2020, focusing on those rejected by the Access Committee and the reasons behind the rejections. The analysis of the reasons behind the rejected requests allowed us to analyze how those relate to the issues of scientific misconduct, prioritization, and noncompliance with the biobank's mission. We discuss those issues in light of the actions and motivations used by TNGB in the access decision-making process. Based on this analysis, we suggest that a cross-implementation of a checklist for access assessment would improve the whole access process, ensuring a more transparent and smoother governance. Finally, we conclude that the TNGB's Charter and approach toward access governance could contribute as an important reference point to deal with the issues that have emerged in the international discussion on the topic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lorena Casareto
- Department of Rare Skeletal Disorders, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Locatelli
- Department of Rare Skeletal Disorders, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Simona Borroni
- Gruppo Famiglie Dravet Associazione Onlus, Milano, Italy
| | - Deborah Mascalzoni
- Istituto di Biomedicina, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy.,Centro di Biomedicina, Department of Public Health, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Luca Sangiorgi
- Department of Rare Skeletal Disorders, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
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3
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Brizola E, Adami G, Baroncelli GI, Bedeschi MF, Berardi P, Boero S, Brandi ML, Casareto L, Castagnola E, Fraschini P, Gatti D, Giannini S, Gonfiantini MV, Landoni V, Magrelli A, Mantovani G, Michelis MB, Nasto LA, Panzeri L, Pianigiani E, Scopinaro A, Trespidi L, Vianello A, Zampino G, Sangiorgi L. Providing high-quality care remotely to patients with rare bone diseases during COVID-19 pandemic. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2020; 15:228. [PMID: 32867855 PMCID: PMC7456755 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-020-01513-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
During the COVID-19 outbreak, the European Reference Network on Rare Bone Diseases (ERN BOND) coordination team and Italian rare bone diseases healthcare professionals created the "COVID-19 Helpline for Rare Bone Diseases" in an attempt to provide high-quality information and expertise on rare bone diseases remotely to patients and healthcare professionals. The present position statement describes the key characteristics of the Helpline initiative, along with the main aspects and topics that recurrently emerged as central for rare bone diseases patients and professionals. The main topics highlighted are general recommendations, pulmonary complications, drug treatment, trauma, pregnancy, children and elderly people, and patient associations role. The successful experience of the "COVID-19 Helpline for Rare Bone Diseases" launched in Italy could serve as a primer of gold-standard remote care for rare bone diseases for the other European countries and globally. Furthermore, similar COVID-19 helplines could be considered and applied for other rare diseases in order to implement remote patients' care.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Brizola
- Department of Rare Skeletal Disorders, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Adami
- Rheumatology Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - G I Baroncelli
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - M F Bedeschi
- Medical Genetic Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - P Berardi
- Italian Osteogenesis Imperfecta Association (As.It.O.I), Olgiate Molgora (LC), Italy
| | - S Boero
- Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Children's Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - M L Brandi
- Department of Experimental Biochemical and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence and Fondazione FIRMO, Florence, Italy
| | - L Casareto
- Department of Rare Skeletal Disorders, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - E Castagnola
- Infectious Disease Department, Giannina Gaslini Institute, IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - P Fraschini
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Bosisio Parini (LC), Italy
| | - D Gatti
- Rheumatology Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - S Giannini
- Department of Medicine, Clinica Medica 1, University of Padova and Regional Centre for Osteoporosis, Padua, Italy
| | - M V Gonfiantini
- Rare Diseases and Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - V Landoni
- Valduce Hospital - Villa Beretta Rehabilitation Centre, Lecco, Italy
| | - A Magrelli
- National Center for Drug, Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - G Mantovani
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M B Michelis
- Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Children's Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - L A Nasto
- Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Children's Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - L Panzeri
- Italian Osteogenesis Imperfecta Association (As.It.O.I), Olgiate Molgora (LC), Italy
| | - E Pianigiani
- Department of Rare Skeletal Disorders, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Scopinaro
- Italian Federation of Rare Diseases Patients Associations (UNIAMO FIMR), Rome, Italy
| | - L Trespidi
- Obstetrics and Gynecologic Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - A Vianello
- Respiratory Pathophysiology Division, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - G Zampino
- Rare Diseases and Birth Defects Unit, Dipartimento di Scienza della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - L Sangiorgi
- Department of Rare Skeletal Disorders & CLIBI Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
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Baldo C, Casareto L, Renieri A, Merla G, Garavaglia B, Goldwurm S, Pegoraro E, Moggio M, Mora M, Politano L, Sangiorgi L, Mazzotti R, Viotti V, Meloni I, Pellico MT, Barzaghi C, Wang CM, Monaco L, Filocamo M. The alliance between genetic biobanks and patient organisations: the experience of the telethon network of genetic biobanks. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2016; 11:142. [PMID: 27776540 PMCID: PMC5078978 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-016-0527-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rare diseases (RDs) are often neglected because they affect a small percentage of the population (6-8 %), which makes research and development of new therapies challenging processes. Easy access to high-quality samples and associated clinical data is therefore a key prerequisite for biomedical research. In this context, Genetic Biobanks are critical to developing basic, translational and clinical research on RDs. The Telethon Network of Genetic Biobanks (TNGB) is aware of the importance of biobanking as a service for patients and has started a dialogue with RD-Patient Organisations via promotion of dedicated meetings and round-tables, as well as by including their representatives on the TNGB Advisory Board. This has enabled the active involvement of POs in drafting biobank policies and procedures, including those concerning ethical issues. Here, we report on our experience with RD-Patient Organisations who have requested the services of existing biobanks belonging to TNGB and describe how these relationships were established, formalised and maintained. RESULTS The process of patient engagement has proven to be successful both for lay members, who increased their understanding of the complex processes of biobanking, and for professionals, who gained awareness of the needs and expectations of the people involved. This collaboration has resulted in a real interest on the part of Patient Organisations in the biobanking service, which has led to 13 written agreements designed to formalise this process. These agreements enabled the centralisation of rare genetic disease biospecimens and their related data, thus making them available to the scientific community. CONCLUSIONS The TNGB experience has proven to be an example of good practice with regard to patient engagement in biobanking and may serve as a model of collaboration between disease-oriented Biobanks and Patient Organisations. Such collaboration serves to enhance awareness and trust and to encourage the scientific community to address research on RDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Baldo
- S.C. Laboratorio di Genetica Umana, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy
| | - Lorena Casareto
- Ufficio Coordinamento Network, c/o U.O.S.D. Centro di Diagnostica Genetica e Biochimica delle Malattie Metaboliche, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Renieri
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena and Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Merla
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, S. Giovanni Rotondo, FG Italy
| | - Barbara Garavaglia
- U.O.C. Neurogenetica Molecolare, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Goldwurm
- Parkinson Institute, ASST Centro Specialistico Ortopedico Traumatologico G. Pini – CTO, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Pegoraro
- Università di Padova, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Padova, Italy
| | - Maurizio Moggio
- Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Dino Ferrari Centre, IRCCS Foundation Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Mora
- Laboratorio di Biologia Cellulare, UO Malattie Neuromuscolari e Neuroimmunologia, Fond. IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Politano
- Cardiomiologia e Genetica Medica, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Seconda Università di Napoli e Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria della SUN, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Sangiorgi
- S.S.D. Genetica Medica e Malattie Rare Ortopediche Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Raffaella Mazzotti
- U.O.S.D. Centro di Diagnostica Genetica e Biochimica delle Malattie Metaboliche, Istituto G. Gaslini, Via G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Valeria Viotti
- S.C. Laboratorio di Genetica Umana, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ilaria Meloni
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena and Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Pellico
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, S. Giovanni Rotondo, FG Italy
| | - Chiara Barzaghi
- U.O.C. Neurogenetica Molecolare, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Mirella Filocamo
- U.O.S.D. Centro di Diagnostica Genetica e Biochimica delle Malattie Metaboliche, Istituto G. Gaslini, Via G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
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5
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Filocamo M, Baldo C, Goldwurm S, Renieri A, Angelini C, Moggio M, Mora M, Merla G, Politano L, Garavaglia B, Casareto L, Bricarelli FD. Telethon Network of Genetic Biobanks: a key service for diagnosis and research on rare diseases. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2013; 8:129. [PMID: 24004821 PMCID: PMC3766640 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-8-129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Several examples have always illustrated how access to large numbers of biospecimens and associated data plays a pivotal role in the identification of disease genes and the development of pharmaceuticals. Hence, allowing researchers to access to significant numbers of quality samples and data, genetic biobanks are a powerful tool in basic, translational and clinical research into rare diseases. Recently demand for well-annotated and properly-preserved specimens is growing at a high rate, and is expected to grow for years to come. The best effective solution to this issue is to enhance the potentialities of well-managed biobanks by building a network.Here we report a 5-year experience of the Telethon Network of Genetic Biobanks (TNGB), a non-profit association of Italian repositories created in 2008 to form a virtually unique catalogue of biospecimens and associated data, which presently lists more than 750 rare genetic defects. The process of TNGB harmonisation has been mainly achieved through the adoption of a unique, centrally coordinated, IT infrastructure, which has enabled (i) standardisation of all the TNGB procedures and activities; (ii) creation of an updated TNGB online catalogue, based on minimal data set and controlled terminologies; (iii) sample access policy managed via a shared request control panel at web portal. TNGB has been engaged in disseminating information on its services into both scientific/biomedical - national and international - contexts, as well as associations of patients and families. Indeed, during the last 5-years national and international scientists extensively used the TNGB with different purposes resulting in more than 250 scientific publications. In addition, since its inception the TNGB is an associated member of the Biobanking and Biomolecular Resources Research Infrastructure and recently joined the EuroBioBank network. Moreover, the involvement of patients and families, leading to the formalization of various agreements between TNGB and Patients' Associations, has demonstrated how promoting Biobank services can be instrumental in gaining a critical mass of samples essential for research, as well as, raising awareness, trust and interest of the general public in Biobanks. This article focuses on some fundamental aspects of networking and demonstrates how the translational research benefits from a sustained infrastructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirella Filocamo
- UOSD Centro di Diagnostica Genetica e Biochimica delle Malattie Metaboliche, Istituto G. Gaslini, Largo G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Chiara Baldo
- SC Laboratorio di Genetica Umana, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Genova, Italy
| | - Stefano Goldwurm
- Centro Parkinson, Istituti Clinici di Perfezionamento, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Renieri
- UOC Genetica Medica, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Siena e Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Corrado Angelini
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze SNPSRR, Università di Padova, IRCSS San Camillo, Venezia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Moggio
- UOD Diagnostica Malattie Neuromuscolari e Rare, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Marina Mora
- Laboratorio di Biologia Cellulare, UO Malattie Neuromuscolari e Neuroimmunologia, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Merla
- Unità di Genetica Medica, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, S. Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Luisa Politano
- Cardiomiologia e Genetica Medica, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Seconda Università di Napoli e Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria SUN, Napoli, Italy
| | - Barbara Garavaglia
- UO Neurogenetica Molecolare, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Lorena Casareto
- Ufficio Coordinamento Network, c/o UOSD Centro di Diagnostica Genetica e Biochimica delle Malattie Metaboliche, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy
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Carli A, Pane L, Casareto L, Bertone S, Pruzzo C. Occurrence of Vibrio alginolyticus in Ligurian Coast Rock Pools (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy) and Its Association with the Copepod Tigriopus fulvus (Fisher 1860). Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 59:1960-2. [PMID: 16348971 PMCID: PMC182193 DOI: 10.1128/aem.59.6.1960-1962.1993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A study of heterotrophic bacteria and vibrios adhering to the copepod Tigriopus fulvus, which lives in Ligurian coast rock pools (Tyrrhenian Sea), was carried out from November 1990 to October 1991. Heterotrophic bacteria, which were always found both free in the water and bound to the T. fulvus organisms, showed a correlation with water temperature and salinity. Vibrio alginolyticus was found free in the water and bound to T. fulvus surfaces during the warmest months. Temperature is the main factor influencing the presence of V. alginolyticus in the rock pool. Attachment of this microorganism to the copepod provides a mechanism for its extended geographic distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Carli
- Cattedra di Planctologia Istituto di Scienze Ambientali Marine and Istituto di Microbiologia, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa 16132, and Istituto di Microbiologia, Facoltá di Medicina, Università di Ancona, Ancona 60131 Italy
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Johnson JM, Nicot C, Fullen J, Ciminale V, Casareto L, Mulloy JC, Jacobson S, Franchini G. Free major histocompatibility complex class I heavy chain is preferentially targeted for degradation by human T-cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus type 1 p12(I) protein. J Virol 2001; 75:6086-94. [PMID: 11390610 PMCID: PMC114324 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.75.13.6086-6094.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) establishes a persistent infection in the host despite a vigorous virus-specific immune response. Here we demonstrate that an HTLV-1-encoded protein, p12(I), resides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi and physically binds to the free human major histocompatibility complex class I heavy chains (MHC-I-Hc) encoded by the HLA-A2, -B7, and -Cw4 alleles. As a result of this interaction, the newly synthesized MHC-I-Hc fails to associate with beta(2)-microglobulin and is retrotranslocated to the cytosol, where it is degraded by the proteasome complex. Targeting of the free MHC-I-Hc, and not the MHC-I-Hc-beta(2)-microglobulin complex, by p12(I) represents a novel mechanism of viral interference and disrupts the intracellular trafficking of MHC-I, which results in a significant decrease in surface levels of MHC-I on human T-cells. These findings suggest that the interaction of p12(I) with MHC-1-Hc may interfere with antigen presentation in vivo and facilitate escape of HTLV-1-infected cells from immune recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Johnson
- Basic Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, 41 Library Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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8
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Takemoto S, Trovato R, Cereseto A, Nicot C, Kislyakova T, Casareto L, Waldmann T, Torelli G, Franchini G. p53 stabilization and functional impairment in the absence of genetic mutation or the alteration of the p14(ARF)-MDM2 loop in ex vivo and cultured adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma cells. Blood 2000; 95:3939-44. [PMID: 10845931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) transforms T cells in vitro, and the viral transactivator Tax functionally impairs the tumor suppressor p53 protein, which is also stabilized in HTLV-I-infected T cells. Thus, the functional impairment of p53 is essential to maintain the viral-induced proliferation of CD4+ mature T cells. However, in the CD4+ leukemic cells of patients with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), the viral transactivator does not appear to be expressed, and p53 mutations have been found only in a fraction of patients. We sought to investigate whether p53 function is impaired, in ex vivo samples from patients with ATLL, in the absence of genetic mutations. Here we demonstrate that the p53 protein is stabilized also in ex vivo ATLL samples (10 of 10 studied) and that at least in 2 patients p53 stabilization was not associated with genetic mutation. Furthermore, the assessment of p53 function after ionizing radiation of ATLL cells indicated an abnormal induction of the p53-responsive genes GADD45 and p21(WAF1) in 7 of 7 patients. In 2 of 2 patients, p53 regulation of cell-cycle progression appeared to be impaired as well. Because p53 is part of a regulatory loop that also involves MDM2 and p14(ARF), the status of the latter proteins was also assessed in cultured or fresh ATLL cells. The p97 MDM2 protein was not detected by Western blot analysis in established HTLV-I-infected T-cell lines or ex vivo ATLL cell lysates. However, the MDM2 protein could be easily detected after treatment of cells with the specific proteasome inhibitor lactacystin, suggesting a normal regulation of the p53-MDM2 regulating loop. Similarly, p14(ARF) did not appear to be aberrantly expressed in ex vivo ATLL cells nor in any of the established HTLV-I-infected T-cell lines studied. Thus, p53 stabilization in HTLV-I infection occurs in the absence of genetic mutation and alteration of the physiologic degradation pathway of p53. (Blood. 2000;95:3939-3944)
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Affiliation(s)
- S Takemoto
- Basic Research Laboratory, Division of Basic Sciences, and the Metabolism Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Zella D, Barabitskaja O, Casareto L, Romerio F, Secchiero P, Reitz MS, Gallo RC, Weichold FF. Recombinant IFN-alpha (2b) increases the expression of apoptosis receptor CD95 and chemokine receptors CCR1 and CCR3 in monocytoid cells. J Immunol 1999; 163:3169-75. [PMID: 10477584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
IFN-alpha-2b, known as potent immune modulator, can either inhibit or enhance immune cell activity within the tightly regulated microenvironment of inflammation, depending upon the concentration of the cytokine and the activation stage of the cell. Chemokine receptors, which not only mediate chemotaxis of immune cells to the site of inflammation but also affect cellular activation by transferring corresponding signals, represent yet another level of immune regulation. Here we demonstrate that IFN-alpha increases the expression of CCR1 and CCR3 in primary mononuclear phagocytes, as well as in the monocytoid cell line U937. Enhanced receptor mRNA expression correlated with functional readouts such as increased intracellular calcium mobilization and cell migration in response to ligands. Expression of CCR2b, CCR4, CCR5, and CXCR4 was unchanged or decreased after IFN-alpha treatment. These observations indicate a differentially regulated cellular signaling relationship of IFN-alpha pathways and chemokine receptor expression. We also provide evidence that, under these conditions, IFN-alpha treatment increased the expression of CD95 (Fas, Apo1), resulting in enhanced susceptibility to apoptosis. Taken together, these data add important information for the rational application of IFN-alpha (2b) in immune and cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Zella
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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10
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Ciminale V, Zotti L, D'Agostino DM, Ferro T, Casareto L, Franchini G, Bernardi P, Chieco-Bianchi L. Mitochondrial targeting of the p13II protein coded by the x-II ORF of human T-cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). Oncogene 1999; 18:4505-14. [PMID: 10442641 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1203047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The X region of the HTLV-I genome contains four major open reading frames (ORFs), two of which, termed x-I and x-II, are of still undefined biological significance. By indirect immunofluorescence and dual labeling with marker proteins, we demonstrate that p13II, an 87-amino acid protein coded by the x-II ORF, is selectively targeted to mitochondria. Mutational analysis revealed that mitochondrial targeting of p13II is directed by an atypical 10-amino acid signal sequence that is not cleaved upon import and is able to target the Green Fluorescent Protein to mitochondria. Expression of p13II results in specific alterations of mitochondrial morphology and distribution from a typical string-like, dispersed network to round-shaped clusters, suggesting that p13II might interfere with processes relying on an intact mitochondrial architecture. Functional studies of mitochondria with the cationic fluorochrome tetramethylrhodamine revealed that a subpopulation of the cells with p13II-positive mitochondria show a disruption in the mitochondrial inner membrane potential (Apsi), an early event observed in cells committed to apoptosis. Taken together, these results suggest novel virus-cell interactions that might be important in HTLV-I replication and/or pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ciminale
- Department of Oncology and Surgical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
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11
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Mulloy JC, Kislyakova T, Cereseto A, Casareto L, LoMonico A, Fullen J, Lorenzi MV, Cara A, Nicot C, Giam C, Franchini G. Human T-cell lymphotropic/leukemia virus type 1 Tax abrogates p53-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through its CREB/ATF functional domain. J Virol 1998; 72:8852-60. [PMID: 9765430 PMCID: PMC110302 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.72.11.8852-8860.1998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/1998] [Accepted: 08/04/1998] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human T-cell lymphotropic/leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) transforms human T cells in vitro, and Tax, a potent transactivator of viral and cellular genes, plays a key role in cell immortalization. Tax activity is mediated by interaction with cellular transcription factors including members of the CREB/ATF family, the NF-kappaB/c-Rel family, serum response factor, and the coactivators CREB binding protein-p300. Although p53 is usually not mutated in HTLV-1-infected T cells, its half-life is increased and its function is impaired. Here we report that transient coexpression of p53 and Tax results in the suppression of p53 transcriptional activity. Expression of Tax abrogates p53-induced G1 arrest in the Calu-6 cell line and prevents the apoptosis induced by overexpressing p53 in the HeLa/Tat cell line. The Tax mutants M22 and G148V, which selectively activate the CREB/ATF pathway, exert these same biological effects on p53 function. In contrast, the NF-kappaB-active Tax mutant M47 has no effect on p53 activity in any of these systems. Consistent with the negative effect of Tax on p53, no activity on a p53-responsive promoter was observed upon transfection of HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines. The p53 protein is expressed at high levels in the nucleus, and nuclear extracts of HTLV-1-infected T cells bind constitutively to a DNA oligonucleotide containing the p53 response element, indicating that Tax does not interfere with p53 binding to DNA. Tax is able to suppress the transactivation function of p53 in three different cell lines, and this suppression required Tax-mediated activation of the CREB/ATF, but not the NF-kappaB/c-Rel, pathway. Tax and the active Tax mutants were able to abrogate the G1 arrest and apoptosis induced by p53, and this effect does not correlate with an altered localization of nuclear p53 or with the disruption of p53-DNA complexes. The suppression of p53 activity by Tax could be important in T-cell immortalization induced by HTLV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Mulloy
- Basic Research Laboratory, Division of Basic Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
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12
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Secchiero P, Bertolaso L, Casareto L, Gibellini D, Vitale M, Bemis K, Aleotti A, Capitani S, Franchini G, Gallo RC, Zauli G. Human herpesvirus 7 infection induces profound cell cycle perturbations coupled to disregulation of cdc2 and cyclin B and polyploidization of CD4(+) T cells. Blood 1998; 92:1685-96. [PMID: 9716597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) infection of both primary CD4(+) T lymphocytes and SupT1 lymphoblastoid T-cell line induced a progressive accumulation of cells exibiting a gap 2/mitosis (G2/M) and polyploid content coupled to an increased cell size. The expression of both cyclin-dependent kinase cdc2 and cyclin B was increased in HHV-7-infected cells with respect to the uninfected ones. Moreover, the simultaneous flow cytometric analysis of cyclin B and DNA content showed that cyclin B expression was not only increased but also unscheduled with respect to its usual cell cycle pattern. However, the levels of kinase activity associated to cdc2 were decreased in HHV-7-infected cells with respect to uninfected cultures. To elucidate the origin of the enlarged HHV-7-infected cells, extensive electron and confocal microscopy analyses were performed. Membrane fusion events associated to cytoplasmic bridges, which characterize the formation of syncytia, were never observed. On the other hand, analysis of serial sections of the same cells strongly suggested that enlarged HHV-7-infected cells contained a single polylobated nucleus. This was confirmed by flow cytometry analysis performed on nuclei isolated from HHV-7-infected cells, which showed multiple peaks with a DNA content >4n. Taken together, these data indicate that giant cells, which represent the hallmark of in vitro HHV-7 infection, arise from single CD4(+) T cells undergoing a process of polyploidization.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Secchiero
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland at Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
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13
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Ruggiero C, Giacomini M, Calegari F, Berti R, Bertone S, Casareto L. Interpretation of gascromatographic data via artificial neural networks for the classification of marine bacteria. Cytotechnology 1993; 11:S83-5. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00746063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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