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Katona RM, Knight AW, Maguire M, Bryan CR, Schaller RF. Considerations for realistic atmospheric environments: An application to corrosion testing. Sci Total Environ 2023; 885:163751. [PMID: 37146821 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Measured salt compositions in dust collected over roughly the last decade from surfaces of in-service stainless-steel alloys at four locations around the United States are presented, along with the predicted brine compositions that would result from deliquescence of these salts. The salt compositions vary greatly from ASTM seawater and from laboratory salts (i.e., NaCl or MgCl2) commonly used on corrosion testing. The salts contained relatively high amounts of sulfates and nitrates, evolved to basic pH values, and exhibited deliquescence relative humidity values (RH) higher than seawater. Additionally, inert dust components were quantified and considerations for laboratory testing with inert dust are presented. The observed environments are discussed in terms of the potential corrosion behavior and are compared to commonly used accelerated testing protocols. Finally, ambient weather conditions and their influence on diurnal fluctuations in temperature (T) and RH on heated metal surfaces are evaluated and a relevant diurnal cycle for laboratory testing a heated surface has been developed. Suggestions for future accelerated tests are proposed that include exploration of the effects of inert dust particles on atmospheric corrosion, chemistry considerations, and realistic diurnal fluctuations in T and RH. Understanding mechanisms in both realistic and accelerated environments will allow development of a corrosion factor (i.e., scaling factor) for the extrapolation of laboratory-scale test results to real world applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Katona
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87123, USA.
| | - A W Knight
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87123, USA
| | - M Maguire
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87123, USA; New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM 87801, USA
| | - C R Bryan
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87123, USA
| | - R F Schaller
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87123, USA
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2
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Hancock A, Hutton D, Roberts D, Whiteside L, Golby C, Eccles CL, Turtle L, McGinn S, Hooton R, Fillingham E, Hudson J, Maguire M, Mackay R. Barriers and facilitators to conducting radiotherapy clinical trials: Findings from a UK survey. Radiography (Lond) 2023; 29:369-378. [PMID: 36758382 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As an essential component of service delivery, radiotherapy clinical trials were championed within the NHS England service specifications. A call for a 15% increase in research and clinical trial activity, alongside a demand for equity of access for patients with cancer subsequently ensued. National understanding of current radiotherapy clinical trials operational practices is absent, but essential to help establish the current provision required to support the development of a strategic plan for implementation of NHS England's specifications. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was developed by a multi-disciplinary team and distributed to therapeutic radiography clinical trial leads across the UK to ascertain the current provision of radiotherapy clinical trials only, including workforce resources and the trials management processes to establish a benchmark and identify potential barriers, enablers, and opportunities to increase access to clinical trials. RESULTS Thirty-two complete responses were obtained equating to 49% of the total UK NHS departments and 74% of those departments invited. Four key findings were identified: 1) research strategy and systems, 2) participation and activity in radiotherapy clinical trials, 3) access to clinical trials at alternative departments and 4) facilitators & barriers. Overarchingly a lack of radiotherapy clinical trials strategy or supported processes were apparent across the UK, aggravating existing barriers to trial activity. CONCLUSION It is essential for radiotherapy clinical trials to be embedded in to departmental and Trust strategy, this will help to ensure the processes and resources required for trial delivery are not only in place, but also recognised as imperative and important for patients with cancer as radiotherapy treatment delivery. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Failure to address the barriers or build upon the facilitators may result in UK radiotherapy departments facing challenges in achieving the 15% increase in radiotherapy clinical trial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hancock
- University of Exeter, UK; Weston Park Cancer Centre, UK.
| | - D Hutton
- Northwest Radiotherapy Operational Delivery Network, UK; University of Liverpool, UK
| | | | | | | | - C L Eccles
- The Christie NHS FT, UK; University of Manchester, UK
| | - L Turtle
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS FT, UK
| | - S McGinn
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS FT, UK
| | - R Hooton
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS FT, UK
| | | | - J Hudson
- Lancashire Teaching Hospitals, UK
| | - M Maguire
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS FT, UK
| | - R Mackay
- The Christie NHS FT, UK; University of Manchester, UK
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Craig J, Maguire M, Shevlin SP, Black ND. The effects of COVID-19 on hip fracture management and mortality in a regional trauma centre. Anaesthesia 2020; 76:710-711. [PMID: 33263184 PMCID: PMC7753778 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Craig
- Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - M Maguire
- Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | | | - N D Black
- Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, UK
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Ramsamy-Iranah SD, Maguire M, Peace S, Pooneeth V. Older Adults’ Perspectives on Transitions in the Kitchen. Journal of Aging and Environment 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/26892618.2020.1834052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. D. Ramsamy-Iranah
- Department Applied Sustainability and Enterprise Development, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - M. Maguire
- Loughborough School of Design and Creative Arts, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - S. Peace
- Faculty of Wellbeing, Education and Language Studies, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK
| | - V. Pooneeth
- Department Applied Sustainability and Enterprise Development, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
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Ralph J, Maguire M, Malone V, Fabre A, Foley CC. A generalized unexpected eruption. Clin Exp Dermatol 2020; 46:383-386. [PMID: 33080076 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Ralph
- Departments of, Department of, Dermatology, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Maguire
- Departments of, Department of, Dermatology, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - V Malone
- Department of, Histopatology, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Fabre
- Department of, Histopatology, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C C Foley
- Departments of, Department of, Dermatology, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Maguire M, Drumm C, Woods G, Mullally W, Redmond M, Grogan L, O'Kane M. A case of delayed-onset scarring alopecia in a 75-year-old woman. Clin Exp Dermatol 2020; 45:768-770. [PMID: 32369207 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Maguire
- Departments of, Department of, Dermatology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Drumm
- Departments of, Department of, Dermatology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - G Woods
- Department of, Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - W Mullally
- Department of, Oncology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Redmond
- Department of, Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - L Grogan
- Department of, Oncology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M O'Kane
- Departments of, Department of, Dermatology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Adewusi J, Burness C, Ellawela S, Emsley H, Hughes R, Lawthom C, Maguire M, McLean B, Mohanraj R, Oto M, Singhal S, Reuber M. Brivaracetam efficacy and tolerability in clinical practice: A UK-based retrospective multicenter service evaluation. Epilepsy Behav 2020; 106:106967. [PMID: 32179501 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.106967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This multicenter service evaluation explores the efficacy and tolerability of brivaracetam (BRV) in an unselected, consecutive population in 'real-life' clinical settings. METHOD We retrospectively collected data from patient records at 11 UK hospitals and epilepsy centers. Consecutive patients prescribed BRV with at least 3 months of follow-up (FU) were included. Apart from reporting effectiveness and tolerability of BRV across the whole cohort, we compared treatment outcomes depending on previous levetiracetam use (LEV+ versus LEV-), comorbid learning disability (LD+ versus LD-), and epilepsy syndrome (focal versus generalized epilepsy). RESULTS Two hundred and ninety patients (46% male, median age: 38 years, range: 15 to 77) with ≥3 months of FU were included. The median duration of BRV exposure was 12 months (range: 1 day to 72 months). Overall BRV retention was 71.1%. While 56.1% of patients improved in terms of seizure frequency category (daily, weekly, monthly, yearly seizures), 23.1% did not improve on this measure and 20.8% deteriorated. In terms of seizure frequency, 21% of patients experienced a ≥50% reduction, with 7.0% of all patients becoming seizure-free. Treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs) were reported by 107 (36.9%) patients, but there were no serious AEs. The commonest AEs were sedation/fatigue (18.3%), mood changes (9.0%), and irritability/aggression (4.8%). There were no significant differences in drug retention, seizure frequency outcomes, or AEs between the LEV+ and LEV- subgroups, or between patients with generalized or focal epilepsies. Although 15.5% of patients in the LD+ group achieved a ≥50% reduction, this rate was lower than in the LD- group. CONCLUSIONS This 'real-life' evaluation suggests that reductions in seizure frequency can be achieved with BRV in patients with highly refractory epilepsy. Brivaracetam may be a useful treatment option in patients who have previously failed to respond to or tolerate LEV, those with LD, or (off-label) those with generalized epilepsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Adewusi
- Academic Neurology Unit, University of Sheffield, UK.
| | - C Burness
- The Walton Centre, NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
| | - S Ellawela
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, UK.
| | - H Emsley
- Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK.
| | - R Hughes
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, UK.
| | | | - M Maguire
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Leeds, UK.
| | - B McLean
- Royal Cornwall Hospital NHS Trust, Truro, UK.
| | - R Mohanraj
- Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
| | - M Oto
- William Quarriers Epilepsy Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - S Singhal
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.
| | - M Reuber
- Academic Neurology Unit, University of Sheffield, UK.
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Johnston R, Cahalan R, Bonnett L, Maguire M, Glasgow P, Madigan S, O'Sullivan K, Comyns T. General health complaints and sleep associated with new injury within an endurance sporting population: A prospective study. J Sci Med Sport 2019; 23:252-257. [PMID: 31862338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the association between subjective health complaints, sleep quantity and new injury within an endurance sport population. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. METHODS Ninety-five endurance sporting participants were recruited from running, triathlon, swimming, cycling and rowing disciplines. Over 52-week period participants submitted weekly data regarding subjective health complaints (SHCs) (cardiorespiratory, gastrointestinal and psychological/lifestyle), sleep quantity, training load and new injury episodes. Applying a 7- and 14-day lag period, a shared frailty model was used to explore new injury risk associations with total SHCs and sleep quantity. RESULTS 92.6% of 95 participants completed all 52 weeks of data submission and the remainder of the participants completed ≥30 weeks. Seven-day lag psychological/lifestyle SHCs were significantly associated with new injury risk (Hazard ratio (HR)=1.32; CI 95%=1.01-1.72, p<0.04). In contrast, cardiorespiratory (HR=1.15; CI 95%=0.99-1.36, p=0.07) and gastrointestinal (HR=0.77; CI 95%=0.56-1.05, p=0.09) SHCs were not significantly associated with new injury risk. New injury risk had a significant increased association with 14-day lag <7h/day sleep quantity (HR=1.51; CI 95%=2.02-1.13, p<0.01) and a significant decreased association with >7h/day sleep quantity (HR=0.63, CI 95%=0.45-0.87, p<0.01. A secondary regression analysis demonstrated no significant association with total SHCs and training load factors (Relative Risk (RR)=0.08, CI 95%=0.04-0.21, p=0.20). CONCLUSIONS To minimise an increased risk of new injuries within an endurance sporting population, this study demonstrates that psychological/lifestyle subjective health complaints and sleep quantity should be considered. The study also highlights a lag period between low sleep quantity and its subsequent impact on new injury risk. No association was demonstrated between subjective health complaints, sleep quantity and training load factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Johnston
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Ireland; La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Australia.
| | - R Cahalan
- School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Ireland
| | - L Bonnett
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Maguire
- Ulster Rugby, Irish Rugby Football Union, Kingspan Stadium, United Kingdom
| | | | - S Madigan
- Sport Ireland Institute, National Sports Campus, Ireland
| | - K O'Sullivan
- School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Ireland; Sports Spine Centre, Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Qatar
| | - T Comyns
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Ireland
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Maguire M, Ruppert R, Whisenhunt D, Lagomasino I. Unmet Need for Electroconvulsive Therapy in a County-Based Outpatient Population. Brain Stimul 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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McGlinchey T, Mason S, Roberts A, Coackley A, Maguire M, Maloney F, Sanders J, Paladino J, Block S, Ellershaw J, Kirkbride P. Communication between clinicians and patients with advanced cancer: assessing the ‘face validity’ and acceptability of a serious illness care guide to improve clinical communication. Eur J Cancer 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(17)30508-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Badley E, Maguire M, Perruccio A. SAT0578 The Association of Arthritis and Lung Disease: A Population-Based Study. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.4957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Riddell P, Molloy EL, Finnegan S, Judge EP, Redmond KC, Mulligan N, Maguire M, O’Dea S, Egan JJ. S35 Methylene blue staining differentiates non-small cell lung cancer tissue. Thorax 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207770.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Pearsall R, Widrick J, Cotton E, Sako D, Liu J, Davies M, Heveron K, Maguire M, Castonguay R, Krishnan L, Troy M, Liharska K, Steeves R, Strand J, Keefe T, Cannell M, Alimzhanov M, Grinberg A, Kumar R. ACE-083 increases muscle hypertrophy and strength in C57BL/6 mice. Neuromuscul Disord 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2015.06.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Pearson M, Brand SL, Quinn C, Shaw J, Maguire M, Michie S, Briscoe S, Lennox C, Stirzaker A, Kirkpatrick T, Byng R. Using realist review to inform intervention development: methodological illustration and conceptual platform for collaborative care in offender mental health. Implement Sci 2015; 10:134. [PMID: 26415961 PMCID: PMC4584430 DOI: 10.1186/s13012-015-0321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This paper reports how we used a realist review, as part of a wider project to improve collaborative mental health care for prisoners with common mental health problems, to develop a conceptual platform. The importance of offenders gaining support for their mental health, and the need for practitioners across the health service, the criminal justice system, and the third sector to work together to achieve this is recognised internationally. However, the literature does not provide coherent analyses of how these ambitions can be achieved. This paper demonstrates how a realist review can be applied to inform complex intervention development that spans different locations, organisations, professions, and care sectors. METHODS We applied and developed a realist review for the purposes of intervention development, using a three-stage process. (1) An iterative database search strategy (extending beyond criminal justice and offender health) and groups of academics, practitioners, and people with lived experience were used to identify explanatory accounts (n = 347). (2) From these accounts, we developed consolidated explanatory accounts (n = 75). (3) The identified interactions between practitioners and offenders (within their organisational, social, and cultural contexts) were specified in a conceptual platform. We also specify, step by step, how these explanatory accounts were documented, consolidated, and built into a conceptual platform. This addresses an important methodological gap for social scientists and intervention developers about how to develop and articulate programme and implementation theory underpinning complex interventions. RESULTS An integrated person-centred system is proposed to improve collaborative mental health care for offenders with common mental health problems (near to and after release) by achieving consistency between the goals of different sectors and practitioners, enabling practitioners to apply scientific and experiential knowledge in working judiciously and reflectively, and building systems and aligning resources that are centred on offenders' health and social care needs. CONCLUSIONS As part of a broader programme of work, a realist review can make an important contribution to the specification of theoretically informed interventions that have the potential to improve health outcomes. Our conceptual platform has potential application in related systems of health and social care where integrated, and person-centred care is a goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pearson
- Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC) for the South West Peninsula, University of Exeter Medical School, South Cloisters, St Luke's Campus, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK.
| | - S L Brand
- Centre for Clinical Trials and Health Research, Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, ITTC Building, Davy Road, Plymouth Science Park, Plymouth, PL6 8BX, UK.
| | - C Quinn
- Centre for Clinical Trials and Health Research, Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, ITTC Building, Davy Road, Plymouth Science Park, Plymouth, PL6 8BX, UK.
| | - J Shaw
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, Jean McFarlane Building, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - M Maguire
- Centre for Criminology, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, CF37 1DL, UK.
| | - S Michie
- UCL Centre for Behaviour Change, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK.
| | - S Briscoe
- Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC) for the South West Peninsula, University of Exeter Medical School, South Cloisters, St Luke's Campus, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK.
| | - C Lennox
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, Jean McFarlane Building, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - A Stirzaker
- Avon & Wiltshire Mental Health Partnership Trust, Old Town Surgery, Curie Avenue, Swindon, SN1 4GB, UK.
| | - T Kirkpatrick
- Centre for Clinical Trials and Health Research, Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, ITTC Building, Davy Road, Plymouth Science Park, Plymouth, PL6 8BX, UK.
| | - R Byng
- Centre for Clinical Trials and Health Research, Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, ITTC Building, Davy Road, Plymouth Science Park, Plymouth, PL6 8BX, UK.
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Smith A, Maguire M, Livingstone V, Dempsey EM. Peak systolic to end diastolic flow velocity ratio is associated with ductal patency in infants below 32 weeks of gestation. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2015; 100:F132-6. [PMID: 25406463 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2014-306439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early diagnosis and effective treatment of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in infants less than 32 weeks gestation remains contentious. OBJECTIVE To determine which clinical and echocardiographic parameters are associated with PDA patency in preterm infants less than 32 weeks gestation. DESIGN/METHODS This was a prospective cohort study. An echocardiography (echo) was performed within 12-48 h of birth and a follow-up echo at 1 month of life. Parental consent was obtained. RESULTS 55 babies were enrolled. Median (range) gestation was 28 (24-31) weeks and birth weight 1090 g (470-1800 g). ECHO 1 demonstrated that 50 babies had a PDA present within 48 h of birth, of which 19 were large (≥2 mm) (36%) and 31 were small (59%) on colour Doppler assessment of duct diameter. Three babies died before 1 month. At 1 month 30 babies still had a PDA (58%), 10 of which were large (19%) and 19 were small (36%). Parameters significantly associated with large PDAs versus no PDA at 1 month were gestational age (26 weeks vs 30 weeks, p=0.002), birth weight (860 g vs 1290 g, p=0.007) and ventilator support at 48 h (80% vs 17%, p=0.001). Echo parameters revealed that ductal size on colour Doppler (2.5 mm vs 1.5 mm, p=0.003), end diastolic flow velocity (57 m/s vs 147 m/s, p<0.001) and peak systolic to end diastolic flow velocity ratio (2.29 vs 1.23, p=0.001) at 48 h were associated with large PDAs at 1 month. CONCLUSIONS For infants less than 32 weeks gestation a peak systolic to end diastolic flow velocity ratio>2 within 48 h of birth is associated with a persistent large PDA at 1 month of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Smith
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - M Maguire
- Department of Cardiology, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - V Livingstone
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland Infant Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - E M Dempsey
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland Infant Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Maguire M, Warden M, Tarr E, Steinauer J. Contraceptive decision making at the time of abortion: a prospective qualitative study. Contraception 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2014.05.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Hardy JC, Nica N, Iacob VE, Miller S, Maguire M, Trzhaskovskaya MB. Precise test of internal-conversion theory: transitions measured in five nuclei spanning 50≤Z≤78. Appl Radiat Isot 2013; 87:87-91. [PMID: 24326313 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2013.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In a research program aimed at testing calculated internal-conversion coefficients (ICCs), we have made precise measurements of αK values for transitions in five nuclei, (197)Pt, (193)Ir, (137)Ba, (134)Cs and (119)Sn, which span a wide range of A and Z values. In all cases, the results strongly favor calculations in which the final-state electron wave function has been computed using a potential that includes the atomic vacancy created by the internal-conversion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Hardy
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845-3366, USA.
| | - N Nica
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845-3366, USA
| | - V E Iacob
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845-3366, USA
| | - S Miller
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845-3366, USA
| | - M Maguire
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845-3366, USA
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Bergh E, Molinaro T, Maguire M. Elevated cumulative estradiol exposure is associated with an increased risk of euploid pregnancy loss in both fresh and frozen IVF cycles. Fertil Steril 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.07.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Stevens H, Betstadt S, Neeb C, Pensak M, Maguire M. The PIP study: improving rates of postpartum IUD placement with prescheduled appointments. Contraception 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2012.05.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Davies E, Ishikawa H, Galetta K, Sakai R, Feller D, Wilson J, Maguire M, Galetta S, Frohman E, Calabresi P, Schuman J, Balcer L. Longitudinal Study of Retinal Ganglion Cell Layer Thickness by OCT in Multiple Sclerosis (S48.003). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.s48.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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21
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Maguire M, Newman P, Fuller J. POI13 Acute respiratory failure in a multiple sclerosis relapse: successful treatment with plasma exchange. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2010.226340.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Margerison ES, Maguire M, Pillay D, Cane P, Elston RC. The HIV-1 protease substitution K55R: a protease-inhibitor-associated substitution involved in restoring viral replication. J Antimicrob Chemother 2008; 61:786-91. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkm545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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26
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Koenig SC, Pantalos GM, Litwak KN, Gillars KJ, Giridharan GA, Maguire M, Spence PA. Hemodynamic and left ventricular pressure-volume responses to counterpulsation in mock circulation and acute large animal models. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2007; 2004:3761-4. [PMID: 17271113 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2004.1404055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Alternative therapies for treating heart failure patients are being explored to provide effective options for patients with progressive heart failure. Cardiac assist devices that promote myocardial recovery may be a potential solution. Ventricular assist devices (VAD) have demonstrated long-term efficacy and intraaortic balloon pumps (IABP) have shown short-term successes. In this paper, testing of a hybrid counterpulsation device (CPD) that couples the attributes of device longevity (VAD) with less invasive surgery (IABP) is presented. Hemodynamic and ventricular pressure-volume responses to a 40 ml CPD and 40 ml IABP were evaluated in vitro in an adult mock circulation and in vivo in a large animal heart failure model. The CPD is a flexing diaphragm ventricle with a controlled stroke volume up to 85 cc through a single, valveless cannula. In this study, the CPD was cannulated to the brachiocephalic artery to provide 40 ml of counterpulsation support. The CPD effectively provided diastolic augmentation increasing coronary flow and afterload reduction. These results were comparable to IABP. These preliminary studies suggest that CPD may be an effective therapy for treating patients with early stage heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Koenig
- Jewish Hospital Heart and Lung Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, KY, USA
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Umscheid C, Maguire M, Pines J, Everett W, Baren J, Townsend R, Mines D, Szyld D, Gross R. The Prevalence of and Risk Factors Associated with Untreated Hypertension in ED Patients. Acad Emerg Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2007.03.1028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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28
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Umscheid C, Maguire M, Szyld D, Pines J, Everett W, Baren J, Townsend R, Mines D, Gross R. Test Characteristics of Six Definitions of Hypertension in the ED for the Detection of Hypertension Outside of the ED. Acad Emerg Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2007.03.1030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Abstract
In the Multi-Centre Study of Early Epilepsy and Single Seizures (MESS), patients were randomly allocated to immediate or delayed antiepileptic drug treatment. For time to first seizure recurrence, MESS provides strong evidence of an effect for carbamazepine as monotherapy but mixed evidence of an effect for valproate.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Marson
- Division of Neurological Science, Clinical Sciences Centre for Research and Education, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L9 7LJ, UK.
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Rodríguez-Quiñones F, Maguire M, Wallington EJ, Gould PS, Yerko V, Downie JA, Lund PA. Two of the three groEL homologues in Rhizobium leguminosarum are dispensable for normal growth. Arch Microbiol 2005; 183:253-65. [PMID: 15830189 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-005-0768-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2004] [Revised: 02/10/2005] [Accepted: 02/24/2005] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Although many bacteria contain only a single groE operon encoding the essential chaperones GroES and GroEL, examples of bacteria containing more than one groE operon are common. The root-nodulating bacterium Rhizobium leguminosarum contains at least three operons encoding homologues to Escherichia coli GroEL, referred to as Cpn60.1, Cpn60.2 and Cpn60.3, respectively. We report here a detailed analysis of the requirement for and relative levels of these three proteins. Cpn60.1 is present at higher levels than Cpn60.2, and Cpn60.3 protein could not be detected under any conditions although the cpn60.3 gene is transcribed under anaerobic conditions. Insertion mutations could not be constructed in cpn60.1 unless a complementing copy was present, showing that this gene is essential for growth under the conditions used here. Both cpn60.2 and cpn60.3 could be inactivated with no loss of viability, and a double cpn60.2 cpn60.3 mutant was also constructed which was fully viable. Thus only Cpn60.1 is required for growth of this organism.
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Kowalski TJ, Spar BD, Markowitz L, Maguire M, Golovko A, Yang S, Farley C, Cook JA, Tetzloff G, Hoos L, Del Vecchio RA, Kazdoba TM, McCool MF, Hwa JJ, Hyde LA, Davis H, Vassileva G, Hedrick JA, Gustafson EL. Transgenic overexpression of neuromedin U promotes leanness and hypophagia in mice. J Endocrinol 2005; 185:151-64. [PMID: 15817836 DOI: 10.1677/joe.1.05948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Recent work has shown that neuromedin U (NmU), a peptide initially identified as a smooth muscle contractor, may play a role in regulating food intake and energy homeostasis. To further evaluate this putative function, we measured food intake, body weight, energy expenditure and glucose homeostasis in transgenic mice that ubiquitously overexpress murine proNmU. NmU transgenic mice were lighter and had less somatic and liver fat, were hypophagic, and had improved insulin sensitivity as judged by an intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test. Transgenic mice had higher levels of hypothalamic NPY, POMC and MCH mRNA. There was no difference in O2 consumption between genotypes; however, NmU transgenic mice displayed a modest increase in respiratory quotient during food deprivation and refeeding. There were no behavioral disturbances in the NmU transgenic mice that could account for the results (e.g. changes in locomotor activity). When placed on a high-fat diet, transgenic mice remained lighter than wild-type mice and ate less, but gained weight at a rate similar to wild-type mice. Despite the increased weight gain with high-fat feeding, glucose tolerance was significantly improved in the transgenic mice. These findings support the hypothesized role of NmU as an endogenous anorexigenic peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Kowalski
- Department of CV/Metabolic Diseases, Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, USA.
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Hue-Roye K, Powell VI, Patel G, Lane D, Maguire M, Chung A, Reid ME. Novel molecular basis of an Inab phenotype. Immunohematology 2005; 21:53-5. [PMID: 15954804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The Cromer blood group system consists of ten high-prevalence and three low-prevalence antigens carried on decay-accelerating factor (DAF). DAF is found in the cell membranes of RBCs, granulocytes, platelets, and lymphocytes and is widely represented in other body tissues. Sequence analyses of DNA were performed on a blood sample from a 91-year-old Japanese woman whose serum contained an alloantibody to a high-prevalence antigen in the Cromer blood group system (anti-IFC). A blood sample from her daughter was also studied. Sequence analysis revealed a substitution of 508C7>T in exon 4 of DAF in the proband. The proband's daughter was heterozygous for 508C/T. This study describes an Inab phenotype in which the 508C>T nonsense mutation is predicted to change arginine at amino acid residue 136 to a stop codon. This change is in SCR 3 of DAF. This study reports on the molecular basis of a new proband with the Inab phenotype who had no history of intestinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hue-Roye
- New York Blood Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
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Abstract
It is established that the molecular chaperone, chaperonin 60, from various bacteria and from Homo sapiens has cell-cell signalling activity and is able to induce proinflammatory cytokine synthesis. We previously reported that chaperonin 60 proteins from Gram-negative bacteria, but not mycobacteria, have the capacity to resorb cultured murine calvarial bone. We now report that lipopolysaccharide-low human recombinant chaperonin 60 (Hsp60) is a relatively weak cytokine-inducing agonist but is a potent stimulator of murine calvarial bone resorption. The osteolytic activity of Hsp60 was significantly inhibited by indomethacin, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, and osteoprotegerin, but 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors were less effective. Analysis of Hsp60 truncation mutants revealed that N-terminal mutants (Delta1-137, Delta1-358, and Delta1-465) retained bone resorbing activity. In contrast, a C-terminal truncation mutant (Delta1-26 + Delta466-573) was inactive. This suggests that the active domain in this protein is found within residues 466-573. It is now established that Hsp60 is present in the blood of the majority of the population with the normal range encompassing levels able to activate bone cells. The possibility exists that this protein could play a role in bone remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Meghji
- Cellular Microbiology Research Group, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, 256 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD, UK
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Duffy RA, Hedrick JA, Randolph G, Morgan CA, Cohen-Williams ME, Vassileva G, Lachowicz JE, Laverty M, Maguire M, Shan LS, Gustafson E, Varty GB. Centrally administered hemokinin-1 (HK-1), a neurokinin NK1 receptor agonist, produces substance P-like behavioral effects in mice and gerbils. Neuropharmacology 2003; 45:242-50. [PMID: 12842130 DOI: 10.1016/s0028-3908(03)00150-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hemokinin-1 (HK-1) is a recently described mouse tachykinin peptide whose biological functions are not fully understood. To date, a unique receptor for HK-1 has not been identified. Recent studies suggest HK-1 may have a role in immunological functions, but there has been little characterization of HK-1's effects in the central nervous system (CNS). In the present studies, we confirm that HK-1 is an endogenous agonist at all of the known tachykinin receptors, and is selective for the NK1 receptor over the NK2 and NK3 subtypes. CHO cells transfected with the human NK1 receptor released intracellular calcium in response to HK-1. In addition, HK-1 competed with substance P (SP) for binding to mouse NK1 and human NK1 receptors. In vivo central administration of HK-1 to gerbils and mice induced foot-tapping and scratching behaviors, respectively, similar to those observed following central administration of SP or the NK1 receptor agonist, GR-73632. Furthermore, these behavioral effects were blocked by the selective NK1 receptor antagonist, MK-869. Finally, a comprehensive expression analysis of HK-1 demonstrated that HK-1 mRNA is much more broadly expressed than previously reported with expression observed in many brain regions. Together these data demonstrate that HK-1 is a functional agonist at NK1 receptors and suggest that HK-1 may function both centrally and peripherally.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Duffy
- Schering-Plough Research Institute, Department of CNS Biological Research, 2051 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
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37
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Abstract
1. In humans, the effects of dietary creatine supplementation are controversial, with some studies showing increased muscle force and fatigue resistance and others reporting no effect on exercise performance. Little is known about the effects of creatine on muscle contractile properties. 2. Rats were fed a standard diet, creatine for 10 days or beta-guanidinopropionate, which depletes muscle creatine, for 7 days. Contractile properties were measured in isolated extensor digitorum longus and sternohyoid muscle as representative limb and upper airway dilator muscles, respectively. 3. Creatine had no effect on specific twitch and tetanic tension, contractile kinetics, twitch/tetanus tension ratio, the tension-frequency relationship or fatigue in both muscles. beta-Guanidinopropionate had no effect on the twitch and tetanic tension, contractile kinetics, twitch/tetanus tension ratio or tension-frequency relationship, but significantly increased (P < 0.05, anova) fatigue in both muscles. 4. Therefore, although creatine depletion increases fatigue, creatine loading has no effects on extensor digitorum longus and sternohyoid muscle contractile properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gagnon
- Department of Physiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, St Stephenís Green, Dublin, Ireland
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Abstract
A peer-led HIV prevention initiative, based on a diffusion of innovation model, was developed for gay men attending gyms in central London. Peer educators were recruited from people who used the gym regularly according to standard selection criteria. After initial training, peer educators agreed to talk to gay men at their gym about HIV prevention, focusing on sexual risk and steroid injecting behaviour. Outcome evaluation revealed that the peer education programme had no significant impact on the risk behaviours of gay men using the gyms. Process evaluation, based on interviews with peer educators, the health promotion team and gym managers threw light on this finding. While it was feasible to set up a peer education programme among gay men in central London gyms, attrition was an important factor. Only one in five potential peer educators initially identified remained with the project throughout, thus limiting the potential for diffusion. Those who did work as peer educators reported barriers to communication within the gyms further limiting the extent to which diffusion occurred. In fact, it appears that the critical mass required for diffusion was never established. This could explain why the intervention had no significant impact on gay men's risk behaviours. A person-time analysis demonstrated that the peer education programme required a substantial input from the health promotion team, equivalent to one team member devoting 2.5 days a week to recruit, train and support peer educators over 18 months. Peer education should not, therefore, be viewed as a low-cost approach to prevention. Many of the insights gained through this process evaluation can inform others planning peer education programmes in other settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Elford
- City University, Institute of Health Sciences and St Bartholomew School of Nursing and Midwifery, London, UK.
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Just MA, Carpenter PA, Maguire M, Diwadkar V, McMains S. Mental rotation of objects retrieved from memory: a functional MRI study of spatial processing. J Exp Psychol Gen 2002. [PMID: 11561923 DOI: 10.1037//0096-3445.130.3.493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This functional MRI study examined how people mentally rotate a 3-dimensional object (an alarm clock) that is retrieved from memory and rotated according to a sequence of auditory instructions. We manipulated the geometric properties of the rotation, such as having successive rotation steps around a single axis versus alternating between 2 axes. The latter condition produced much more activation in several areas. Also, the activation in several areas increased with the number of rotation steps. During successive rotations around a single axis, the activation was similar for rotations in the picture plane and rotations in depth. The parietal (but not extrastriate) activation was similar to mental rotation of a visually presented object. The findings indicate that a large-scale cortical network computes different types of spatial information by dynamically drawing on each of its components to a differential, situation-specific degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Just
- Center for Cognitive Brain Imaging, Psychology Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA. just+@cmu.edu
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Medina-Kauwe LK, Maguire M, Kasahara N, Kedes L. Nonviral gene delivery to human breast cancer cells by targeted Ad5 penton proteins. Gene Ther 2001; 8:1753-61. [PMID: 11803394 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3301583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2001] [Accepted: 08/31/2001] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The capsid proteins of adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) are key to the virus' highly efficient cell binding and entry mechanism. In particular, the penton base plays a significant role in both viral internalization and endosome penetration. We have produced an adenovirus penton fusion protein (HerPBK10) containing moieties for DNA transport and targeted delivery to breast cancer cells. HerPBK10 binds DNA through a polylysine appendage, while the EGF-like domain of the heregulin-alpha(1) isoform is used as the targeting ligand. This ligand binds with high affinity to HER2/3 or HER2/4 heterodimers, which are overexpressed on certain aggressive breast cancers. In addition, this ligand is rapidly internalized after binding, thus adding to the utility of heregulin for targeting. HerPBK10 binds MDA-MB-453 breast cancer cells in a receptor-specific manner, and mediates the entry of a reporter plasmid in MDA-MB-453 cells in culture. Delivery can be competed by excess heregulin peptide, thus confirming receptor specificity. Importantly, the penton segment appears to contribute significantly to enhanced delivery. Complexes containing HerPBK10 and DNA have been optimized to provide targeted gene delivery to breast cancer cells in vitro. We demonstrate that delivery can be accomplished in the presence of serum, thus suggesting a potential use for in vivo delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- L K Medina-Kauwe
- Institute for Genetic Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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Just MA, Carpenter PA, Maguire M, Diwadkar V, McMains S. Mental rotation of objects retrieved from memory: a functional MRI study of spatial processing. J Exp Psychol Gen 2001; 130:493-504. [PMID: 11561923 DOI: 10.1037/0096-3445.130.3.493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This functional MRI study examined how people mentally rotate a 3-dimensional object (an alarm clock) that is retrieved from memory and rotated according to a sequence of auditory instructions. We manipulated the geometric properties of the rotation, such as having successive rotation steps around a single axis versus alternating between 2 axes. The latter condition produced much more activation in several areas. Also, the activation in several areas increased with the number of rotation steps. During successive rotations around a single axis, the activation was similar for rotations in the picture plane and rotations in depth. The parietal (but not extrastriate) activation was similar to mental rotation of a visually presented object. The findings indicate that a large-scale cortical network computes different types of spatial information by dynamically drawing on each of its components to a differential, situation-specific degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Just
- Center for Cognitive Brain Imaging, Psychology Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA. just+@cmu.edu
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Elford J, Bolding G, Maguire M, Sherr L. HIV positive and negative homosexual men have adopted different strategies for reducing the risk of HIV transmission. Sex Transm Infect 2001; 77:224-5. [PMID: 11402242 PMCID: PMC1744321 DOI: 10.1136/sti.77.3.224-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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44
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McCright B, Gao X, Shen L, Lozier J, Lan Y, Maguire M, Herzlinger D, Weinmaster G, Jiang R, Gridley T. Defects in development of the kidney, heart and eye vasculature in mice homozygous for a hypomorphic Notch2 mutation. Development 2001; 128:491-502. [PMID: 11171333 DOI: 10.1242/dev.128.4.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The Notch gene family encodes large transmembrane receptors that are components of an evolutionarily conserved intercellular signaling mechanism. To assess the in vivo role of the Notch2 gene, we constructed a targeted mutation, Notch2(del1). Unexpectedly, we found that alternative splicing of the Notch2(del1) mutant allele leads to the production of two different in-frame transcripts that delete either one or two EGF repeats of the Notch2 protein, suggesting that this allele is a hypomorphic Notch2 mutation. Mice homozygous for the Notch2(del1) mutation died perinatally from defects in glomerular development in the kidney. Notch2(del1)/Notch2(del1)mutant kidneys were hypoplastic and mutant glomeruli lacked a normal capillary tuft. The Notch ligand encoded by the Jag1 gene was expressed in developing glomeruli in cells adjacent to Notch2-expressing cells. We show that mice heterozygous for both the Notch2(del1) and Jag1(dDSL) mutations exhibit a glomerular defect similar to, but less severe than, that of Notch2(del1)/Notch2(del1)homozygotes. The co-localization and genetic interaction of Jag1 and Notch2 imply that this ligand and receptor physically interact, forming part of the signal transduction pathway required for glomerular differentiation and patterning. Notch2(del1)/Notch2(del1)homozygotes also display myocardial hypoplasia, edema and hyperplasia of cells associated with the hyaloid vasculature of the eye. These data identify novel developmental roles for Notch2 in kidney, heart and eye development.
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Affiliation(s)
- B McCright
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
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45
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Gartland M, Clumeck N, Cooper DA, Gatell J, Gazzard B, Gerstoft J, Goebel F, Lange J, Montaner J, Reiss P, Rozenbaum W, Vella S, Cooper DA, Haberl M, Clumeck N, Luyts D, Montaner J, Rachlis A, Marina R, Gerstoft J, Mathiesen L, Soelberg U, Molina JM, Pialloux G, Rozenbaum W, Cosby C, Goebel FD, Staszewski S, Hug M, Milazzo F, Moroni M, Panebianco R, Clotet B, Artigas JMG, GonzalezLahoz J, Leal M, Gandarias B, Gazzard B, Johnson M, Watkins K, Page V, Sandstrom E, Darbyshire J, Petersen A, Athisegaran R, Coughlan M, Fiddian P, Gartland M, Harrigan R, Henry T, Larder B, Maguire M, Millard J, Moore S, Patel K, Shortino D, Tisdale M, Vafidis I, Yeo J. Avanti 3: A Randomized, Double-Blind Trial to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of Lamivudine plus Zidovudine versus Lamivudine plus Zidovudine plus Nelfinavir in HIV-1-Infected Antiretroviral-Naive Patients. Antivir Ther 2001. [DOI: 10.1177/135965350100600206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The objective of our randomized, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to investigate the safety, tolerability, and antiretroviral and immunological effect of double and triple combination therapy regimens. A total of 105 antiretroviral therapy-naive patients were randomized to receive either zidovudine (300 mg twice per day) plus lamivudine (150 mg twice per day) plus nelfinavir placebo (three times per day) ( n=52), or zidovudine/lamivudine (dose as before) plus nelfinavir (750 mg three times per day) ( n=53) for 28 weeks. After this time, patients were allowed to switch to open-label zidovudine/lamivudine/nelfinavir. The overall log10 reduction from baseline in plasma HIV-1 RNA was significantly greater in the zidovudine/lamivudine/nelfinavir group than the zidovudine/lamivudine group ( P=0.001; median treatment difference, –1.01 log10 copies/ml; 95% confidence interval –1.23 to –0.79), as measured by the average area under the curve minus baseline over 28weeks. Increases from baseline in CD4 cell counts were statistically significantly greater in the zidovudine/lamivudine/nelfinavir group (101.5 cells/ml) than the zidovudine/lamivudine group (47.0 cells/ml; P=0.027) at week 28. Of note, the addition of nelfinavir from weeks 28–52 led to an increase in the proportion of subjects with plasma HIV-1 RNA <400 copies/ml from 17% (9/52 patients on zidovudine/lamivudine) to 50% (13/26 patients who switched to zidovudine/lamivudine/nelfinavir). Incidence of drug-related adverse events was similar in the two groups, except for nausea (more common in zidovudine/lamivudine group; 40 versus 17%) and diarrhoea (more common in zidovudine/lamivudine/nelfinavir group; 45 versus 14%). In conclusion, our study confirms the efficacy of triple combination therapy with two nucleoside analogues and a protease inhibitor compared with double-nucleoside therapy. Interestingly, the addition of nelfinavir to zidovudine/lamivudine, even after 6 months of double nucleoside therapy, led to a substantial virological benefit that was sustained over 24weeks in a subset of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Gartland
- GlaxoWellcome Research and Development, HIV and OIs Therapeutic Development Group, Greenford, Middlesex, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - DA Cooper
- St Vincent's Hospital Medical Centre, NSW
| | | | | | - D Luyts
- Hospital St Pierre, Bruxelles
| | | | | | - R Marina
- Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Ontario
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - S Staszewski
- Klinikum Innenstadt Ludwig Maximilians Universität Pettenkofer, München
| | - M Hug
- Zentrum der Inneren Medizin der JohannWolfgang-Goethe-University, Frankfurt
| | | | - M Moroni
- I Divisione Malattie Infettive Ossedale, Milan
| | - R Panebianco
- Clinica Malattie Infettive Universita di Milano, Milan
| | | | | | | | - M Leal
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III Sinesio, Madrid
| | - B Gandarias
- Hospital Virgen del Rocio Avda Manuel Siurot, Seville
| | | | - M Johnson
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London
| | | | - V Page
- Royal Free Hospital, London
| | | | | | | | | | | | - P Fiddian
- GlaxoWellcome Research and Development:
| | | | | | - T Henry
- GlaxoWellcome Research and Development:
| | - B Larder
- GlaxoWellcome Research and Development:
| | - M Maguire
- GlaxoWellcome Research and Development:
| | - J Millard
- GlaxoWellcome Research and Development:
| | - S Moore
- GlaxoWellcome Research and Development:
| | - K Patel
- GlaxoWellcome Research and Development:
| | | | - M Tisdale
- GlaxoWellcome Research and Development:
| | - I Vafidis
- GlaxoWellcome Research and Development:
| | - J Yeo
- GlaxoWellcome Research and Development:
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Wang S, Gustafson E, Pang L, Qiao X, Behan J, Maguire M, Bayne M, Laz T. A novel hepatointestinal leukotriene B4 receptor. Cloning and functional characterization. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:40686-94. [PMID: 11006272 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m004512200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4)) is a product of eicosanoid metabolism and acts as an extremely potent chemotactic mediator for inflammation. LTB(4) exerts positive effects on the immigration and activation of leukocytes. These effects suggest an involvement of LTB(4) in several diseases: inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, arthritis, and asthma. LTB(4) elicits actions through interaction with one or more cell surface receptors that lead to chemotaxis and inflammation. One leukotriene B(4) receptor has been recently identified (LTB(4)-R1). In this report we describe cloning of a cDNA encoding a novel 358-amino acid receptor (LTB(4)-R2) that possesses seven membrane-spanning domains and is homologous (42%) and genetically linked to LTB(4)-R1. Expression of LTB(4)-R2 is broad but highest in liver, intestine, spleen, and kidney. In radioligand binding assays, membranes prepared from COS-7 cells transfected with LTB(4)-R2 cDNA displayed high affinity (K(d) = 0.17 nm) for [(3)H]LTB(4). Radioligand competition assays revealed high affinities of the receptor for LTB(4) and LTB(5), and 20-hydroxy-LTB(4), and intermediate affinities for 15(S)-HETE and 12-oxo-ETE. Three LTB(4) receptor antagonists, 14,15-dehydro-LTB(4), LTB(4)-3-aminopropylamide, and U-75302, had high affinity for LTB(4)-R1 but not for LTB(4)-R2. No apparent affinity binding for the receptors was detected for the CysLT1-selective antagonists montelukast and zafirlukast. LTB(4) functionally mobilized intracellular calcium and inhibited forskolin-stimulated cAMP production in 293 cells. The discovery of this new receptor should aid in further understanding the roles of LTB(4) in pathologies in these tissues and may provide a tool in identification of specific antagonists/agonists for potential therapeutic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wang
- Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, USA.
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Sparks P, Goseki Y, Guerra P, Diederich C, Taylor K, Maguire M, Lesh M. Electrophysiologic effects of circumferentila venous ablation with a novel ultrasound ablation catheter. Heart Lung Circ 2000. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1443-9506.2000.08795.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- L Sherr
- Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences and Royal Free Centre for HIV Medicine, Royal Free and University College Medical School, University College London, UK
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Maguire M, Gartland M, Moore S, Hill A, Tisdale M, Harrigan R, Kleim JP. Absence of zidovudine resistance in antiretroviral-naive patients following zidovudine/lamivudine/protease inhibitor combination therapy: virological evaluation of the AVANTI 2 and AVANTI 3 studies. AIDS 2000; 14:1195-201. [PMID: 10894284 DOI: 10.1097/00002030-200006160-00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the role of resistance mutations in subjects experiencing virological failure on zidovudine (ZDV) and lamivudine (3TC) combined with a protease inhibitor (PI) to those failing on ZDV/3TC alone. DESIGN AND METHODS Samples were obtained from previously antiretroviral therapy-naive subjects enrolled into two studies, AVANTI 2 and AVANTI 3. Subjects were randomized to receive either: ZDV/3TC or ZDV/3TC plus indinavir (IDV) for 52 weeks (AVANTI 2), and ZDV/3TC or ZDV/3TC and nelfinavir (NFV) for 28 weeks (AVANTI 3). Emergence of viral resistance mutations was monitored by population sequencing and phenotypic resistance was determined by the recombinant virus assay. RESULTS Genotypic data were obtained for subjects with plasma HIV-1 RNA > 400 copies/ml. In AVANTI 2, ZDV mutations were detected in 27% of ZDV/3TC-treated patients at week 52, but were absent in subjects treated with ZDV/3TC/IDV. No subjects from either arm of AVANTI 3 developed ZDV resistance mutations at week 28. The M184V mutation developed in most ZDV/3TC-treated subjects from both studies. The presence of M184V was, however, associated with significantly lower plasma viral RNA levels when compared with values obtained before initiation of treatment. There was a high frequency (4 of 11) of the protease L10F substitution in ZDV/3TC/IDV-treated patients that was associated with virological failure but did not result in phenotypic resistance to any of the PIs tested. CONCLUSIONS ZDV mutations were not detected in ZDV/3TC/PI-treated patients and they developed slowly in those treated with ZDV/3TC. Few protease mutations known to confer phenotypic PI resistance developed in the ZDV/3TC/PI arms of either study. The low prevalence of ZDV and PI mutations is encouraging regarding the future treatment options of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Maguire
- Glaxo Wellcome Research and Development, Clinical Virology, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, UK
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