1
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Hernandez-Trujillo V, Zhou C, Scalchunes C, Ochs HD, Sullivan KE, Cunningham-Rundles C, Fuleihan RL, Bonilla FA, Petrovic A, Rawlings DJ, de la Morena MT. A Registry Study of 240 Patients with X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia Living in the USA. J Clin Immunol 2023:10.1007/s10875-023-01502-x. [PMID: 37219739 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-023-01502-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To understand the natural history and clinical outcomes for patients with X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) in the United States utilizing the United States Immunodeficiency Network (USIDNET) patient registry. METHODS The USIDNET registry was queried for data from XLA patients collected from 1981 to 2019. Data fields included demographics, clinical features before and after diagnosis of XLA, family history, genetic mutation in Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), laboratory findings, treatment modalities, and mortality. RESULTS Data compiled through the USIDNET registry on 240 patients were analyzed. Patient year of birth ranged from 1945 to 2017. Living status was available for 178 patients; 158/178 (88.8%) were alive. Race was reported for 204 patients as follows: White, 148 (72.5%); Black/African American, 23 (11.2%); Hispanic, 20 (9.8%); Asian or Pacific Islander, 6 (2.9%), and other or more than one race, 7 (3.4%). The median age at last entry, age at disease onset, age at diagnosis, and length of time with XLA diagnosis was 15 [range (r) = 1-52 years], 0.8 [r = birth-22.3 years], 2 [r = birth-29 years], and 10 [r = 1-56 years] years respectively. One hundred and forty-one patients (58.7%) were < 18 years of age. Two hundred and twenty-one (92%) patients were receiving IgG replacement (IgGR), 58 (24%) were on prophylactic antibiotics, and 19 (7.9%) were on immunomodulatory drugs. Eighty-six (35.9%) patients had undergone surgical procedures, two had undergone hematopoietic cell transplantation, and two required liver transplantation. The respiratory tract was the most affected organ system (51.2% of patients) followed by gastrointestinal (40%), neurological (35.4%), and musculoskeletal (28.3%). Infections were common both before and after diagnosis, despite IgGR therapy. Bacteremia/sepsis and meningitis were reported more frequently before XLA diagnosis while encephalitis was more commonly reported after diagnosis. Twenty patients had died (11.2%). The median age of death was 21 years (range = 3-56.7 years). Neurologic condition was the most common underlying co-morbidity for those XLA patients who died. CONCLUSIONS Current therapies for XLA patients reduce early mortality, but patients continue to experience complications that impact organ function. With improved life expectancy, more efforts will be required to improve post-diagnosis organ dysfunction and quality of life. Neurologic manifestations are an important co-morbidity associated with mortality and not yet clearly fully understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Hernandez-Trujillo
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
- Allergy and Immunology Care Center of South Florida, Miami Lakes, FL, USA
| | - Chuan Zhou
- Division of General Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Center for Child Health, University of Washington, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98145, USA
| | - Christopher Scalchunes
- Immune Deficiency Foundation. Immune Deficiency Foundation | (primaryimmune.org), Hanover, USA
| | - Hans D Ochs
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies and the Program for Cell and Gene Therapy, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Kathleen E Sullivan
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Charlotte Cunningham-Rundles
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ramsay L Fuleihan
- Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Aleksandra Petrovic
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies and the Program for Cell and Gene Therapy, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - David J Rawlings
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies and the Program for Cell and Gene Therapy, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - M Teresa de la Morena
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA.
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2
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Bhalla P, Du Q, Kumar A, Xing C, Moses A, Dozmorov I, Wysocki CA, Cleaver OB, Pirolli TJ, Markert ML, de la Morena MT, Baldini A, van Oers NS. Mesenchymal cell replacement corrects thymus hypoplasia in murine models of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:160101. [PMID: 36136514 DOI: 10.1172/jci160101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is the most common human chromosomal microdeletion, causing developmentally linked congenital malformations; thymus hypoplasia, hypoparathyroidism and/or cardiac defects. Thymus hypoplasia leads to T cell lymphopenia, which most often results in mild SCID. Despite decades of research, the molecular underpinnings leading to thymus hypoplasia in 22q11.2DS remain unknown. Comparing embryonic thymuses from mouse models of 22q11.2DS (Tbx1neo2/neo2) revealed similar proportions of mesenchymal-, epithelial- and hematopoietic- cell types as controls. Yet, the small thymuses were growth restricted in fetal organ cultures. Replacement of Tbx1neo2/neo2 thymus mesenchymal cells with normal ones restored tissue growth. Comparative single cell RNA sequencing of embryonic thymuses uncovered 17 distinct cell subsets, with transcriptome differences predominant in the 5 mesenchymal subsets from the Tbx1neo2/neo2 line. Transcripts impacted include extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, consistent with increased collagen deposition seen in the small thymuses. Attenuating collagen cross-links with minoxidil restored thymus tissue expansion for hypoplastic lobes. In colony forming assays, the Tbx1neo2/neo2-derived mesenchymal cells had reduced expansion potential, contrasting the normal growth of thymus epithelial cells. These findings suggest that mesenchymal cells are causal to the small embryonic thymuses in 22q11.2DS mouse models, correctable by substituting with normal mesenchyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Bhalla
- Department of Immunology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
| | - Qiumei Du
- Department of Immunology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
| | - Chao Xing
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
| | - Angela Moses
- Department of Immunology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
| | - Igor Dozmorov
- Department of Immunology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
| | - Christian A Wysocki
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, United States of America
| | - Ondine B Cleaver
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, United States of America
| | - Timothy J Pirolli
- Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
| | - Mary Louise Markert
- Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, United States of America
| | - M Teresa de la Morena
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, United States of America
| | - Antonio Baldini
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University Federico II, Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicolai Sc van Oers
- Department of Immunology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
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3
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Duncan CJ, Skouboe MK, Howarth S, Hollensen AK, Chen R, Børresen ML, Thompson BJ, Stremenova Spegarova J, Hatton CF, Stæger FF, Andersen MK, Whittaker J, Paludan SR, Jørgensen SE, Thomsen MK, Mikkelsen JG, Heilmann C, Buhas D, Øbro NF, Bay JT, Marquart HV, de la Morena MT, Klejka JA, Hirschfeld M, Borgwardt L, Forss I, Masmas T, Poulsen A, Noya F, Rouleau G, Hansen T, Zhou S, Albrechtsen A, Alizadehfar R, Allenspach EJ, Hambleton S, Mogensen TH. Life-threatening viral disease in a novel form of autosomal recessive IFNAR2 deficiency in the Arctic. J Exp Med 2022; 219:e20212427. [PMID: 35442417 PMCID: PMC9026249 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20212427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFN-I) play a critical role in human antiviral immunity, as demonstrated by the exceptionally rare deleterious variants of IFNAR1 or IFNAR2. We investigated five children from Greenland, Canada, and Alaska presenting with viral diseases, including life-threatening COVID-19 or influenza, in addition to meningoencephalitis and/or hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis following live-attenuated viral vaccination. The affected individuals bore the same homozygous IFNAR2 c.157T>C, p.Ser53Pro missense variant. Although absent from reference databases, p.Ser53Pro occurred with a minor allele frequency of 0.034 in their Inuit ancestry. The serine to proline substitution prevented cell surface expression of IFNAR2 protein, small amounts of which persisted intracellularly in an aberrantly glycosylated state. Cells exclusively expressing the p.Ser53Pro variant lacked responses to recombinant IFN-I and displayed heightened vulnerability to multiple viruses in vitro-a phenotype rescued by wild-type IFNAR2 complementation. This novel form of autosomal recessive IFNAR2 deficiency reinforces the essential role of IFN-I in viral immunity. Further studies are warranted to assess the need for population screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J.A. Duncan
- Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Morten K. Skouboe
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sophie Howarth
- Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Anne K. Hollensen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rui Chen
- Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Malene L. Børresen
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Benjamin J. Thompson
- Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jarmila Stremenova Spegarova
- Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Catherine F. Hatton
- Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Frederik F. Stæger
- Section for Computational and RNA Biology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette K. Andersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - John Whittaker
- Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Sofie E. Jørgensen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Carsten Heilmann
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Medical Department, Pediatric Section, Dronning Ingrid Hospital, Nuuk, Greenland
| | - Daniela Buhas
- Division of Genetics, Department of Specialized Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nina F. Øbro
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob T. Bay
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne V. Marquart
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M. Teresa de la Morena
- Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | - Line Borgwardt
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Isabel Forss
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tania Masmas
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anja Poulsen
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Francisco Noya
- Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Montreal Children’s Hospital, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Guy Rouleau
- The Neuro, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sirui Zhou
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anders Albrechtsen
- Section for Computational and RNA Biology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Reza Alizadehfar
- Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Montreal Children’s Hospital, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eric J. Allenspach
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Sophie Hambleton
- Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Trine H. Mogensen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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4
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Yang K, Han J, Gill JG, Park JY, Sathe MN, Gattineni J, Wright T, Wysocki C, de la Morena MT, Yan N. The mammalian SKIV2L RNA exosome is essential for early B cell development. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabn2888. [PMID: 35658009 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abn2888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The SKIV2L RNA exosome is an evolutionarily conserved RNA degradation complex in the eukaryotes. Mutations in the SKIV2L gene are associated with a severe inherited disorder, trichohepatoenteric syndrome (THES), with multisystem involvement but unknown disease mechanism. Here, we reported a THES patient with SKIV2L mutations showing severe primary B cell immunodeficiency, hypogammaglobulinemia, and kappa-restricted plasma cell dyscrasia but normal T cell and NK cell function. To corroborate these findings, we made B cell-specific Skiv2l knockout mice (Skiv2lfl/flCd79a-Cre), which lacked both conventional B-2 and innate-like B-1 B cells in the periphery and secondary lymphoid organs. This was linked to a requirement of SKIV2L RNA exosome activity in the bone marrow during early B cell development at the pro-B cell to large pre-B cell transition. Mechanistically, Skiv2l-deficient pro-B cells exhibited cell cycle arrest and DNA damage. Furthermore, loss of Skiv2l led to substantial out-of-frame V(D)J rearrangement of immunoglobulin heavy chain and severely reduced surface expression of μH, both of which are crucial for pre-BCR signaling and proliferative burst during early B cell development. Together, our data demonstrated a crucial role for SKIV2L RNA exosome in early B cell development in both human and mice by ensuring proper V(D)J recombination and Igh expression, which serves as the molecular basis for immunodeficiency associated with THES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- Department of Immunology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Microbiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jie Han
- Department of Immunology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Microbiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer G Gill
- Department of Dermatology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jason Y Park
- Department of Pathology and the Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Meghana N Sathe
- Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jyothsna Gattineni
- Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Tracey Wright
- Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Christian Wysocki
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - M Teresa de la Morena
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington and, Seattle, WA, USA.,Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nan Yan
- Department of Immunology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Microbiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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5
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van Oers NS, Moses A, Bhalla P, Wysocki C, Seroogy C, Markert ML, de la Morena MT. Characterization of Human FOXN1 Mutations Uncovers both Loss- and Gain-of-Function Outcomes. The Journal of Immunology 2022. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.208.supp.159.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Thymus hypoplasia is reported for individuals with autosomal recessive, compound heterozygous and single allelic FOXN1 mutations. FOXN1 is the master transcriptional regulator of thymus epithelial cell development. Autosomal recessive mutations in FOXN1 lead to a Nude/SCID phenotype due to the ensuing T cell lymphopenia and impaired hair follicle extrusion. Targeted exome and whole genome sequencing for patients with low TRECs (measure of T cell output) has increased the number of diverse FOXN1 mutations to over 40. The consequence of these FOXN1 mutations on patients is varied and somewhat complicated by some individuals having only a transient delay in T cell development that corrects over time. We compared the functions of the FOXN1 mutants with luciferase reporter assays and nuclear localization experiments. For selected FOXN1 mutations, mice were developed to genocopy these to assess impacts on thymopoiesis. We identify partial and complete loss-of-function mutations along with gain-of-function and dominant negatives. Comparative analyses of murine thymopoiesis reveal some compound het Foxn1 mutations cause a transient thymus hypoplasia while others cause a permanent small thymus. Taken together, our findings establish FOXN1 genotype-phenotype relationships and suggest rapid functional screening approaches can be used to define the impact of different mutations of clinical relevance.
Supported by grants from NIH (R01AI114523, R21AI144140) and the Jeffrey Modell Foundation (MdlM, CAW)
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angela Moses
- 2University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
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6
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van Oers NS, Bhalla P, Moses A, Kumar A, Xing C, Wysocki C, Cleaver O, Markert ML, de la Morena MT. 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome Causes a Thymus Hypoplasia Corrected by Mesenchymal Cell Replacement. The Journal of Immunology 2022. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.208.supp.159.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Thymus hypoplasia occurs in several clinical conditions including 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS). 22q11.2DS is the most common human microdeletion disorder, affecting 1/4000. Thymuses from 60–70% 22q11.2DS patients are small and produce fewer T cells than normal. For individuals with a severe hypoplasia, an allogenic thymus tissue graft is needed to restore thymopoiesis. To determine the molecular mechanisms contributing to a small thymus in 22q11.2DS, we compared the development of the thymus in embryos from various 22q11.DS mouse models, normal controls and Foxn1 mutant mice. Reaggregate fetal thymic organ culture assays reveal that replacing mesenchymal cells from 22q11.2del hypoplastic lobes with normal ones restores tissue expansion and thymopoiesis. Thymic epithelial cells used as substitutes cannot. This is distinct from the Foxn1 mutant mice, wherein defective thymic epithelial cell functions lead to thymus hypoplasia/aplasia. Single cell RNA sequencing of normal and hypoplastic thymus lobes revealed differential expression of transcripts that primarily impacted 5 distinct mesenchymal cell subsets in 22q11.2DS. These transcripts are involved in cell-cell interactions, collagen deposition and growth. Elevated levels of collagen are present in the hypoplastic thymus tissues, suggesting a structural restriction. Mesenchymal and epithelial cell differentiation/expansion assays reveal a selective reduction in mesenchymal tissue expansion due to 22q11.2DS
Supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (R01AI114523, R21AI144140) and the Jeffrey Modell Foundation (MdlM, CAW)
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Angela Moses
- 2University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
| | | | - Chao Xing
- 2University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
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7
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Altman K, Zhou C, Hernandez-Trujillo V, Scalchunes C, Rawlings DJ, de la Morena MT. Health-Related Quality of Life in 91 Patients with X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia. J Clin Immunol 2022; 42:811-818. [DOI: 10.1007/s10875-022-01222-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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8
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Yang K, Han J, Asada M, Gill JG, Park JY, Sathe MN, Gattineni J, Wright T, Wysocki CA, de la Morena MT, Garza LA, Yan N. Cytoplasmic RNA quality control failure engages mTORC1-mediated autoinflammatory disease. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:146176. [PMID: 35040435 PMCID: PMC8759780 DOI: 10.1172/jci146176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Inborn errors of nucleic acid metabolism often cause aberrant activation of nucleic acid sensing pathways, leading to autoimmune or autoinflammatory diseases. The SKIV2L RNA exosome is cytoplasmic RNA degradation machinery that was thought to be essential for preventing the self-RNA–mediated interferon (IFN) response. Here, we demonstrate the physiological function of SKIV2L in mammals. We found that Skiv2l deficiency in mice disrupted epidermal and T cell homeostasis in a cell-intrinsic manner independently of IFN. Skiv2l-deficient mice developed skin inflammation and hair abnormality, which were also observed in a SKIV2L-deficient patient. Epidermis-specific deletion of Skiv2l caused hyperproliferation of keratinocytes and disrupted epidermal stratification, leading to impaired skin barrier with no appreciable IFN activation. Moreover, Skiv2l-deficient T cells were chronically hyperactivated and these T cells attacked lesional skin as well as hair follicles. Mechanistically, SKIV2L loss activated the mTORC1 pathway in both keratinocytes and T cells. Both systemic and topical rapamycin treatment of Skiv2l-deficient mice ameliorated epidermal hyperplasia and skin inflammation. Together, we demonstrate that mTORC1, a classical nutrient sensor, also senses cytoplasmic RNA quality control failure and drives autoinflammatory disease. We also propose SKIV2L-associated trichohepatoenteric syndrome (THES) as a new mTORopathy for which sirolimus may be a promising therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- Department of Immunology and.,Department of Microbiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jie Han
- Department of Immunology and.,Department of Microbiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Mayumi Asada
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Jason Y Park
- Department of Pathology and the Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development
| | | | | | | | - Christian A Wysocki
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - M Teresa de la Morena
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington and.,Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Luis A Garza
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Nan Yan
- Department of Immunology and.,Department of Microbiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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9
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Zheng HB, de la Morena MT, Suskind DL. The Growing Need to Understand Very Early Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:675186. [PMID: 34122435 PMCID: PMC8187749 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.675186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Very Early Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease (VEO-IBD) represents a cohort of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients diagnosed before 6 years of age. Unlike IBD diagnosed at older ages, VEO-IBD can be associated with underlying primary immunodeficiencies. VEO-IBD has been linked to monogenic variations in over 70 genes involved in multiple pathways of immunity. As sequencing technologies and platforms evolve and become readily available, an increasing number of genes linked to VEO-IBD have emerged. Although monogenic defects are rare in VEO-IBD, diagnosis of these variants can often dictate specific treatment. In this mini-review, we set out to describe monogenic variants previously characterized in multiple patients in the literature that contribute to VEO-IBD, diagnostic tools, unique treatment modalities for specific genetic diagnoses, and future directions in the field of VEO-IBD. Although this mini-review is by no means comprehensive of all the novel monogenic variants linked to VEO-IBD, we hope to provide relevant information that is readily accessible to clinicians and educators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengqi B Zheng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - M Teresa de la Morena
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.,Division of Immunology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - David L Suskind
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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10
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Marsh RA, Leiding JW, Logan BR, Griffith LM, Arnold DE, Haddad E, Falcone EL, Yin Z, Patel K, Arbuckle E, Bleesing JJ, Sullivan KE, Heimall J, Burroughs LM, Skoda-Smith S, Chandrakasan S, Yu LC, Oshrine BR, Cuvelier GDE, Thakar MS, Chen K, Teira P, Shenoy S, Phelan R, Forbes LR, Martinez C, Chellapandian D, Dávila Saldaña BJ, Shah AJ, Weinacht KG, Joshi A, Boulad F, Quigg TC, Dvorak CC, Grossman D, Torgerson T, Graham P, Prasad V, Knutsen A, Chong H, Miller H, de la Morena MT, DeSantes K, Cowan MJ, Notarangelo LD, Kohn DB, Stenger E, Pai SY, Routes JM, Puck JM, Kapoor N, Pulsipher MA, Malech HL, Parikh S, Kang EM. Correction: Chronic Granulomatous Disease-Associated IBD Resolves and Does Not Adversely Impact Survival Following Allogeneic HCT. J Clin Immunol 2020; 40:1211-1213. [PMID: 32860171 PMCID: PMC11060430 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-020-00852-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The original version of this article unfortunately contained the missing author, Caridad Martinez. The authors would like to correct the list. We apologize for any inconvenience that this may have caused. The correct author list is shown above.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Marsh
- Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer W Leiding
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins-All Children's Hospital, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Brent R Logan
- Division of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Linda M Griffith
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Danielle E Arnold
- Allergy and Immunology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elie Haddad
- Immunology-Rheumatology Division, Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - E Liana Falcone
- Division of Immunity and Viral Infections, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; and Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Ziyan Yin
- Division of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Kadam Patel
- Division of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Erin Arbuckle
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jack J Bleesing
- Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kathleen E Sullivan
- Allergy and Immunology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer Heimall
- Allergy and Immunology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lauri M Burroughs
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Shanmuganathan Chandrakasan
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lolie C Yu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, The Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital/Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Benjamin R Oshrine
- Cancer and Blood Disorders Institute, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Geoffrey D E Cuvelier
- Manitoba Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, CancerCare Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Monica S Thakar
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle Children's Hospital, The University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Karin Chen
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Pierre Teira
- CHU Sainte-Justine, Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Shalini Shenoy
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Bone Marrow Transplantation, Washington University School of Medicine and St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rachel Phelan
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Lisa R Forbes
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA, and Section of Allergy, Immunology and Retrovirology, Texas Children's Hospital William T. Shearer Center for Human Immunobiology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Caridad Martinez
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, and Texas Children's Hospital Center for Gene and Cell Therapy, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Deepak Chellapandian
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Blachy J Dávila Saldaña
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA, and Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ami J Shah
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Lucille Packard Children's Hospital, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Katja G Weinacht
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Avni Joshi
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Farid Boulad
- Department of Pediatrics, BMT Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Troy C Quigg
- Texas Transplant Institute, Methodist Children's Hospital, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Christopher C Dvorak
- Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Blood and Marrow Transplant Division, San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Debi Grossman
- Genetic Immunotherapy Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Troy Torgerson
- Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Immunology/Rheumatology, University of Washington and Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Pamela Graham
- Genetic Immunotherapy Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Vinod Prasad
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Alan Knutsen
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Cardinal Glennon Children's Medical Center, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Hey Chong
- UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Holly Miller
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - M Teresa de la Morena
- Department of Pediatrics/Immunology, University of Washington and Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kenneth DeSantes
- American Family Children's Hospital, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Morton J Cowan
- Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Blood and Marrow Transplant Division, San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Donald B Kohn
- David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Stenger
- Aflac Center and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sung-Yun Pai
- Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John M Routes
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Jennifer M Puck
- Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Blood and Marrow Transplant Division, San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Neena Kapoor
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael A Pulsipher
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Harry L Malech
- Genetic Immunotherapy Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Suhag Parikh
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Kang
- Genetic Immunotherapy Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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11
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Abstract
Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2del) is a complex, multi-organ disorder noted for its varying severity and penetrance among those affected. The clinical problems comprise congenital malformations; cardiac problems including outflow tract defects, hypoplasia of the thymus, hypoparathyroidism, and/or dysmorphic facial features. Additional clinical issues that can appear over time are autoimmunity, renal insufficiency, developmental delay, malignancy and neurological manifestations such as schizophrenia. The majority of individuals with 22q11.2del have a 3 Mb deletion of DNA on chromosome 22, leading to a haploinsufficiency of ~106 genes, which comprise coding RNAs, noncoding RNAs, and pseudogenes. The consequent haploinsufficiency of many of the coding genes are well described, including the key roles of T-box Transcription Factor 1 (TBX1) and DiGeorge Critical Region 8 (DGCR8) in the clinical phenotypes. However, the haploinsufficiency of these genes alone cannot account for the tremendous variation in the severity and penetrance of the clinical complications among those affected. Recent RNA and DNA sequencing approaches are uncovering novel genetic and epigenetic differences among 22q11.2del patients that can influence disease severity. In this review, the role of coding and non-coding genes, including microRNAs (miRNA) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), will be discussed in relation to their bearing on 22q11.2del with an emphasis on TBX1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiumei Du
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - M. Teresa de la Morena
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Washington and Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Nicolai S. C. van Oers
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
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12
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Du Q, Huynh LK, Coskun F, Molina E, King MA, Raj P, Khan S, Dozmorov I, Seroogy CM, Wysocki CA, Padron GT, Yates TR, Markert ML, de la Morena MT, van Oers NS. FOXN1 compound heterozygous mutations cause selective thymic hypoplasia in humans. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:4724-4738. [PMID: 31566583 PMCID: PMC6819092 DOI: 10.1172/jci127565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on 2 patients with compound heterozygous mutations in forkhead box N1 (FOXN1), a transcription factor essential for thymic epithelial cell (TEC) differentiation. TECs are critical for T cell development. Both patients had a presentation consistent with T-/loB+NK+ SCID, with normal hair and nails, distinct from the classic nude/SCID phenotype in individuals with autosomal-recessive FOXN1 mutations. To understand the basis of this phenotype and the effects of the mutations on FOXN1, we generated mice using CRISPR-Cas9 technology to genocopy mutations in 1 of the patients. The mice with the Foxn1 compound heterozygous mutations had thymic hypoplasia, causing a T-B+NK+ SCID phenotype, whereas the hair and nails of these mice were normal. Characterization of the functional changes due to the Foxn1 mutations revealed a 5-amino acid segment at the end of the DNA-binding domain essential for the development of TECs but not keratinocytes. The transcriptional activity of this Foxn1 mutant was partly retained, indicating a region that specifies TEC functions. Analysis of an additional 9 FOXN1 mutations identified in multiple unrelated patients revealed distinct functional consequences contingent on the impact of the mutation on the DNA-binding and transactivation domains of FOXN1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiumei Du
- Departments of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Larry K. Huynh
- Departments of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Fatma Coskun
- Departments of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Erika Molina
- Departments of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Matthew A. King
- Departments of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Prithvi Raj
- Departments of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Shaheen Khan
- Departments of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Igor Dozmorov
- Departments of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Christine M. Seroogy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Christian A. Wysocki
- Department of Pediatrics, and
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Grace T. Padron
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | | | - M. Louise Markert
- Department of Pediatrics and
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - M. Teresa de la Morena
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington and Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, Washington , USA
| | - Nicolai S.C. van Oers
- Departments of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, and
- Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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13
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Anzilotti C, Swan DJ, Boisson B, Deobagkar-Lele M, Oliveira C, Chabosseau P, Engelhardt KR, Xu X, Chen R, Alvarez L, Berlinguer-Palmini R, Bull KR, Cawthorne E, Cribbs AP, Crockford TL, Dang TS, Fearn A, Fenech EJ, de Jong SJ, Lagerholm BC, Ma CS, Sims D, van den Berg B, Xu Y, Cant AJ, Kleiner G, Leahy TR, de la Morena MT, Puck JM, Shapiro RS, van der Burg M, Chapman JR, Christianson JC, Davies B, McGrath JA, Przyborski S, Santibanez Koref M, Tangye SG, Werner A, Rutter GA, Padilla-Parra S, Casanova JL, Cornall RJ, Conley ME, Hambleton S. An essential role for the Zn 2+ transporter ZIP7 in B cell development. Nat Immunol 2019; 20:350-361. [PMID: 30718914 PMCID: PMC6561116 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-018-0295-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite the known importance of zinc for human immunity, molecular insights into its roles have remained limited. Here we report a novel autosomal recessive disease characterized by absent B cells, agammaglobulinemia and early onset infections in five unrelated families. The immunodeficiency results from hypomorphic mutations of SLC39A7, which encodes the endoplasmic reticulum-to-cytoplasm zinc transporter ZIP7. Using CRISPR-Cas9 mutagenesis we have precisely modeled ZIP7 deficiency in mice. Homozygosity for a null allele caused embryonic death, but hypomorphic alleles reproduced the block in B cell development seen in patients. B cells from mutant mice exhibited a diminished concentration of cytoplasmic free zinc, increased phosphatase activity and decreased phosphorylation of signaling molecules downstream of the pre-B cell and B cell receptors. Our findings highlight a specific role for cytosolic Zn2+ in modulating B cell receptor signal strength and positive selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Consuelo Anzilotti
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David J Swan
- Primary Immunodeficiency Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Bertrand Boisson
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Inserm U1163 Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Mukta Deobagkar-Lele
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Catarina Oliveira
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Pauline Chabosseau
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Karin R Engelhardt
- Primary Immunodeficiency Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Xijin Xu
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rui Chen
- Primary Immunodeficiency Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Luis Alvarez
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Katherine R Bull
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Eleanor Cawthorne
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Adam P Cribbs
- MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tanya L Crockford
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tarana Singh Dang
- Primary Immunodeficiency Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Amy Fearn
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Emma J Fenech
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah J de Jong
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - B Christoffer Lagerholm
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Cindy S Ma
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Sims
- MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bert van den Berg
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Yaobo Xu
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Andrew J Cant
- Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Gary Kleiner
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - T Ronan Leahy
- Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Teresa de la Morena
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington and Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jennifer M Puck
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Mirjam van der Burg
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J Ross Chapman
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Benjamin Davies
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - John A McGrath
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Stuart G Tangye
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andreas Werner
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Sergi Padilla-Parra
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Dynamic Structural Virology Group, Biocruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Inserm U1163 Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard J Cornall
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Mary Ellen Conley
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Sophie Hambleton
- Primary Immunodeficiency Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
- Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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14
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van Oers NS, Raj P, Pichilingue-Reto P, Dozmorov I, de la Morena MT, Wakeland EK. Profiling Serum Antibody Specificities in Infants Reveals a Significant Number with Autoreactive Antibodies. The Journal of Immunology 2018. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.200.supp.45.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The antibody repertoire of an infant develops in response to infections, environmental exposures, and vaccinations. By adulthood, many will produce antibodies that react against self-antigens, often causal to autoimmune diseases such as lupus erythematosus. Limited scientific literature exists as to whether such autoreactive antibodies develop early in infancy. For this reason, the antibody specificities in the serum of healthy infants at 1 and 2 years of age was analyzed. Screening in a cohort of 82 infants revealed that 23 (28%) had moderate to high titered antibodies directed to diverse self-antigens. These numbers are consistent with observed ANA positivity in adults. Ongoing custom targeted DNA sequencing analysis will assess the genetic load of known autoimmune risk alleles in the ANA positive infants. Relationships between the antibody specificities and the genetic risk alleles assembled for each infant will be presented. The comparisons will include clinical information; sex, ethnicity, growth records, vaccination status, infectious history, antibiotic and antiviral treatments, disease status, and family history. Genomic analysis of infants with autoantibodies may facilitate implementation of a new wellness screen to identify antibody positive infants that have significant genetic predisposition and therefore are at risk for developing diverse immune system abnormalities including autoimmune disorders.
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15
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van Oers NS, Khan S, Hunyh LK, Du Q, Padron GT, Molina E, Dozmorov I, Markert ML, de la Morena MT. Compound Heterozygous Mutations in Forkhead Box N1 ( FOXN1) Lead to a Severe Immunodeficiency but Normal Hair and Nail Development in Patients. The Journal of Immunology 2018. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.200.supp.166.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Patients with mutations in the Forkhead Box N1 (FOXN1) transcription factor are born with a severe T-cell lymphopenia in conjunction with alopecia and nail dystrophy (OMIM # 600838). The T-cell lymphopenia results from the impaired development and/or function of the thymic epithelial cells (TECs). TECs are essential regulators of positive and negative selection of developing thymocytes. We report on 3 independent patients with compound heterozygous mutations in FOXN1. All 3 patients had a severe T cell lymphopenia. However, each had normal hair growth and nail bed formation, suggesting that the compound heterozygous mutations result in clinical presentations distinct from classic cases. To determine how the mutations impact murine Foxn1 function, transcriptional reporter assays and protein expression studies were done. Only one of the mutations affected the transcriptional activity of murine Foxn1, with Western blot analyses indicating that this mutation caused production of a truncated protein. CRISPR/Cas9 technologies were used to create mouse lines with compound heterozygous mutations in Foxn1. The mice are currently being intercrossed. The impact of the compound heterozygous Foxn1 mutations on T cell development in the thymus will be presented. Findings from this study may suggest novel therapeutic strategies at restoring thymopoiesis in different clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qiumei Du
- 1Univ. of Texas Southwestern Med. Ctr
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16
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van Oers NS, Du Q, Dozmorov I, Raj P, Molina E, de la Morena MT, Mendell JT, Cleaver O. MIR205HG is a Long Noncoding RNA with Distinct Functions in the Thymus versus the Anterior Pituitary. The Journal of Immunology 2018. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.200.supp.165.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are processed from primary RNA transcripts (pri-miRNAs) encoded in host genes. Several miRNAs including miR-205 are present within long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). MiR-205 is an epithelial-specific miRNA that supports thymopoiesis by positively regulating Forkhead Box N1 (Foxn1) expression. We assessed whether the host gene for miR-205, MIR205HG, has independent functions as a lncRNA. The more severe stress-induced thymic atrophy reported in miR-205-deficient mice is also evident in MIR205HG knockout lines. However, MIR205HG knockouts have a small stature phenotype. A new set of miR-205KI mice did not have this phenotype. The smaller mouse size of the MIR205HG null animals is partly a consequence of reduced levels of endocrine hormones produced by the anterior pituitary. In addition, the MIR205HG null animals had abnormal development of the lacrimal and harderian glands that produce eye secretions. Transcriptome analyses revealed that MIR205HG regulates gene expression in the anterior pituitary unlike miR-205. In contrast, transcripts regulated by miR-205 and MIR205HG in the epithelial cells of the skin and thymus overlap significantly. These data indicate that MIR205HG has a specific function as a lncRNA in the anterior pituitary in addition to its primary role as the host gene for miR-205 in thymic epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qiumei Du
- 1Univ. of Texas Southwestern Med. Ctr
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17
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van Oers NS, Du Q, de la Morena MT, Dozmorov I, Khan S, Cleaver O. Characterization of the Thymic Hypoplasia in Mouse Models of 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (DiGeorge Syndrome). The Journal of Immunology 2018. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.200.supp.166.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome have variable, multi-system disorders including a thymic hypoplasia, cardiac anomalies, and hypoparathyroidism. Over 90% have a deletion of 2.5 Mb on chromosome 22q11.2, affecting protein coding genes, microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and pseudogenes. 50%~70% have some degree of thymic hypoplasia (DiGeorge syndrome), resulting in a T cell lymphopenia. Successful transplantation of thymic tissue in patients with a thymic aplasia suggests stromal tissue abnormalities. The thymic stroma consists of thymic epithelial cells (TEC), mesenchymal cells, and endothelial populations. We are exploring the TEC-mesenchyme-endothelial interactions during thymus organogenesis in the mouse model of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (Df1/+). Comparative transcriptome analyses of hypoplastic and normal thymic lobes from embryos revealed a unique mesenchymal cells mRNA expression signature, including reduced levels of the PDGFRa. PDGFRaH2B-EGFP heterozygous mice that have lower level of PDGFRa expression are being crossed with the Df1/+ model to ascertain whether the hypoplasia is influenced by this receptor. Additional mouse models with prominent penetrance of thymic hypoplasia are being used to determine how Tbx1 (encoded on 22q11.2) influences pharyngeal pouch mesenchymal-TEC development. The results from the study will likely lead to novel approaches for thymus reconstitution in various clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qiumei Du
- 1Univ. of Texas Southwestern Med. Ctr
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Leiding JW, Logan BR, Yin Z, Arbuckle E, Bleesing JJ, Sullivan KE, Heimall J, Burroughs L, Skoda-Smith S, Chandrakasan S, Yu LC, Oshrine BR, Cuvelier GD, Thakar M, Chen K, Shenoy S, Saldana BD, Weinacht KG, Joshi A, Boulad F, Quigg TC, Dvorak CC, Knutsen A, Chong H, Miller HK, de la Morena MT, DeSantes K, Cowan MJ, Notarangelo LD, Kohn DB, Pai SY, Stenger E, Puck J, Kapoor N, Pulsipher MA, Haddad E, Griffith LM, Shearer W, Malech HL, Parikh S, Marsh RA, Kang EM. Resolution of CGD Related Colitis after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with Chronic Granulomatous Disease—Early Results From the 6903 Study of the Primary Immune Deficiency Treatment Consortium (PIDTC). Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.12.624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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de la Morena MT. Clinical Phenotypes of Hyper-IgM Syndromes. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2017; 4:1023-1036. [PMID: 27836054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The primary immunodeficiency (PID) diseases comprise a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders of immune function. Technical advancements in whole-genome, whole-exome, and RNA-sequencing have seen the explosion of genetic discoveries in the field of PIDs. The present review aims to focus on a group of immunodeficiency disorders associated with elevated levels of IgM (hyper IgM; HIGM) and provides a clinical differential diagnosis. Most patients present for evaluation of immunodeficiency due to recurrent infections, and laboratory studies show either a clear isolated elevation of serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) with low or absent IgG, IgA, and IgE. Alternatively, IgM levels may be normal or moderately elevated while other serum immunoglobulins are reported below the norms for age but not absent. Mechanistically, these disorders are recognized as defects in immunoglobulin (Ig) class switch recombination (CSR). Importantly, to safeguard genetic stability, CSR utilizes elements of the DNA repair machinery including multi-protein complexes involved in mismatch repair (MMR). Therefore, it is not uncommon for defects in the DNA repair machinery, to present with laboratory findings of HIGM. This review will discuss clinical phenotypes associated with congenital defects associated with HIGM. Clinical manifestations, relevant immunologic testing, inheritance pattern, molecular diagnosis, presumed pathogenesis, and OMIM number, when annotated are compiled. Accepted therapeutic options, when available, are reviewed for each condition discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Teresa de la Morena
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.
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Kuehn HS, Niemela JE, Sreedhara K, Stoddard JL, Grossman J, Wysocki CA, de la Morena MT, Garofalo M, Inlora J, Snyder MP, Lewis DB, Stratakis CA, Fleisher TA, Rosenzweig SD. Novel nonsense gain-of-function NFKB2 mutations associated with a combined immunodeficiency phenotype. Blood 2017; 130:1553-1564. [PMID: 28778864 PMCID: PMC5620416 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-05-782177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
NF-κB signaling through its NFKB1-dependent canonical and NFKB2-dependent noncanonical pathways plays distinctive roles in a diverse range of immune processes. Recently, mutations in these 2 genes have been associated with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). While studying patients with genetically uncharacterized primary immunodeficiencies, we detected 2 novel nonsense gain-of-function (GOF) NFKB2 mutations (E418X and R635X) in 3 patients from 2 families, and a novel missense change (S866R) in another patient. Their immunophenotype was assessed by flow cytometry and protein expression; activation of canonical and noncanonical pathways was examined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and transfected HEK293T cells through immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry, luciferase activity, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and multiplex assays. The S866R change disrupted a C-terminal NF-κΒ2 critical site affecting protein phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, resulting in CVID with adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency, growth hormone deficiency, and mild ectodermal dysplasia as previously described. In contrast, the nonsense mutations E418X and R635X observed in 3 patients led to constitutive nuclear localization and activation of both canonical and noncanonical NF-κΒ pathways, resulting in a combined immunodeficiency (CID) without endocrine or ectodermal manifestations. These changes were also found in 2 asymptomatic relatives. Thus, these novel NFKB2 GOF mutations produce a nonfully penetrant CID phenotype through a different pathophysiologic mechanism than previously described for mutations in NFKB2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Sun Kuehn
- Immunology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
| | - Julie E Niemela
- Immunology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
| | - Karthik Sreedhara
- Immunology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
| | - Jennifer L Stoddard
- Immunology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
| | - Jennifer Grossman
- Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Christian A Wysocki
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - M Teresa de la Morena
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Mary Garofalo
- Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | - David B Lewis
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; and
| | - Constantine A Stratakis
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics
- Program on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, and
- Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Thomas A Fleisher
- Immunology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
| | - Sergio D Rosenzweig
- Immunology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
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Rowe JH, Stadinski BD, Henderson LA, Ott de Bruin L, Delmonte O, Lee YN, de la Morena MT, Goyal RK, Hayward A, Huang CH, Kanariou M, King A, Kuijpers TW, Soh JY, Neven B, Walter JE, Huseby ES, Notarangelo LD. Abnormalities of T-cell receptor repertoire in CD4 + regulatory and conventional T cells in patients with RAG mutations: Implications for autoimmunity. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 140:1739-1743.e7. [PMID: 28864286 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jared H Rowe
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Brian D Stadinski
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Mass
| | | | | | - Ottavia Delmonte
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Yu Nee Lee
- Pediatric Department A and the Immunology Service, "Edmond and Lily Safra" Children's Hospital, Jeffrey Modell Foundation Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - M Teresa de la Morena
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex
| | - Rakesh K Goyal
- Division of Hematology/Oncology/BMT, Children's Mercy Hospital & Clinics, Kansas City, Mo
| | | | - Chiung-Hui Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Maria Kanariou
- Department of Immunology-Histocompatibility, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Alejandra King
- Division of Pediatric Immunology, Hospital Luis Calvo Mackenna, Santiago, Chile
| | - Taco W Kuijpers
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jian Yi Soh
- Department of Pediatrics, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Benedicte Neven
- Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Department, Hospital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Jolan E Walter
- Division of Pediatric Allergy/Immunology, University of South Florida at Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St Petersburg, Fla
| | - Eric S Huseby
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Mass
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.
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van Oers NS, Hoover AR, Du Q, Dozmorov I, Raj P, de la Morena MT, Cleaver OB. A Long Noncoding RNA, lncRNA205, and an Embedded MicroRNA, MiR-205 have Overlapping and Distinct Contributions to Thymopoiesis and Development. The Journal of Immunology 2017. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.198.supp.60.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
MiR-205 is an epithelial-specific microRNA (miR) that supports thymopoiesis. This miR positively regulates Forkhead Box N1 (Foxn1) transcription factor expression. MiR-205 is embedded in a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), termed MIR205HG in humans. Several lncRNAs that contain miRs have independent functional roles in tissue development and/or regeneration. We characterized the transcriptome assembly of the murine locus containing miR-205 and the larger lncRNA. Conditional knockout mice that harbored a targeted deletion of the proximal region of the lncRNA, with miR-205 sequences retained, were developed. The phenotypes in these mice were compared to those with a miR-205 deficiency. The more severe stress-induced thymic atrophy reported in miR-205-deficient mice, compared to littermate controls, is also evident in lncRNA205 knockout lines. In contrast, a lncRNA205 deficiency results in a smaller mouse stature, which may be coupled with a reduced fat but normal lean mass. These phenotypic differences are explained, in part, by the differential regulation of the lncRNA transcript relative to the pre-mature miR-205. Interferon and IL-22, cytokines released following inflammation, transiently reduce miR-205 while increasing the lncRNA. This is partly determined by the DNp63 transcription factor, which controls miR-205 expression. Gene expression comparisons are being undertaken to reveal how the transcriptome is differentially regulated by these two non-coding RNA species. Further, the mechanism by which these noncoding RNAs regulate Foxn1 is being elucidated. Taken together, these findings suggest both overlapping and independent functions for the lncRNA205 and the embedded miR-205.
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van Oers NS, Khan S, Padron GT, Du Q, Dozmorov I, Markert ML, de la Morena MT. Patients with Compound Heterozygous Mutations in Forkhead Box N1 have a Severe Immunodeficiency while Maintaining Normal Skin and Hair Development. The Journal of Immunology 2017. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.198.supp.59.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Forkhead Box N1 (FoxN1) is an epithelial-specific transcription factor essential for the development of the thymus. Patients with mutations in Foxn1 (OMIM # 600838) are born with a severe T-cell lymphopenia that presents in combination with alopecia and nail dystrophy. The nude mouse, which developed from a spontaneous genetic mutation in Foxn1, phenocopies the human disease. We report on 3 independently identified patients that presented with low to absent circulating T cells. Genetic workup of these patients revealed mutations in Foxn1. Each patient had distinct compound heterozygous mutations that were localized in the distal exons of Foxn1. These were predicted to maintain Foxn1 expression while adversely affect its function. Of significance, each patient had normal hair and skin, without any evidence of nail dystrophy, distinct from previously reported phenotypes. To better define the molecular mechanisms leading to this novel clinical presentation, we used CRISPR/Cas techniques to introduce the corresponding mutations in the mouse Foxn1 sequence. We will present data on the phenotypes of these mice, using intercrosses between individual mutant mice. Comparative transcriptome analyses of fetal thymii from these mice will reveal how the Foxn1 mutations impacts thymic epithelial gene expression and function compared to normal Foxn1. Our findings may lead to better understanding of the role of Foxn1 epithelial cell development and function in both the thymus and skin.
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van Oers NS, Du Q, de la Morena MT, Dozmorov I, Khan S, Cleaver OB. Signature Gene Expression Patterns Revealed in Hypoplastic Thymii from Mouse Models of DiGeorge-22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome. The Journal of Immunology 2017. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.198.supp.59.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2 ΔS) is the most common microdeletion disorder reported (1/4000). Individuals with this deletion have variable, multi-system disorders including thymic hypoplasia, cardiac anomalies, hypoparathyroidism, and/or dysmorphic facial features. Over 90% of patients have a deletion of 2.4 Mb, which comprises 90 genes, 50% protein coding and the remainder microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs and pseudogenes. The principal cause of the development defects is a haploinsufficiency of the T-box 1 transcription factor (Tbx1). Between 40–60% of patients have some degree of thymic hypoplasia, resulting in systemic T cell lymphopenia. Defects in the thymic stromal tissue is the underlying cause of the hypoplasia. We analyzed the thymic tissue in the mouse models of 22q11.2 ΔS (Df1/+). Comparative transcriptome analyses of hypoplastic and normal-sized lobes derived from the same Df1/+ embryo revealed a signature mRNA expression pattern unique to hypoplastic lobes. Ingenuity pathway analysis uncovered selective pathways compromised in the hypoplastic lobes. Fetal thymic organ culture and reaggregate cultures are currently being used to identify the genes essential for the specification and expansion of the thymic stroma. In addition, normal and hypoplastic thymii, including some from 22q11.2 ΔS patients, are being characterized for the expression of the over- and under-represented genes identified in the mouse model. Findings from these studies may lead to better strategies for improving human thymopoiesis in patients with conditions including 22q11.2 and 10p syndromes, those undergoing chemoablative treatments, and other conditions leading to a thymic hypoplasia and ensuing T cell lymphopenia.
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Falcone EL, Petts JR, Fasano MB, Ford B, Nauseef WM, Neves JF, Simões MJ, Tierce ML, de la Morena MT, Greenberg DE, Zerbe CS, Zelazny AM, Holland SM. Methylotroph Infections and Chronic Granulomatous Disease. Emerg Infect Dis 2016; 22:404-9. [PMID: 26886412 PMCID: PMC4766906 DOI: 10.3201/eid2203.151265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Disease caused by these environmental bacteria is almost exclusively limited to patients with this condition. Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a primary immunodeficiency caused by a defect in production of phagocyte-derived reactive oxygen species, which leads to recurrent infections with a characteristic group of pathogens not previously known to include methylotrophs. Methylotrophs are versatile environmental bacteria that can use single-carbon organic compounds as their sole source of energy; they rarely cause disease in immunocompetent persons. We have identified 12 infections with methylotrophs (5 reported here, 7 previously reported) in patients with CGD. Methylotrophs identified were Granulibacter bethesdensis (9 cases), Acidomonas methanolica (2 cases), and Methylobacterium lusitanum (1 case). Two patients in Europe died; the other 10, from North and Central America, recovered after prolonged courses of antimicrobial drug therapy and, for some, surgery. Methylotrophs are emerging as disease-causing organisms in patients with CGD. For all patients, sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was required for correct diagnosis. Geographic origin of the methylotroph strain may affect clinical management and prognosis.
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de la Morena MT, Leonard D, Torgerson TR, Cabral-Marques O, Slatter M, Aghamohammadi A, Chandra S, Murguia-Favela L, Bonilla FA, Kanariou M, Damrongwatanasuk R, Kuo CY, Dvorak CC, Meyts I, Chen K, Kobrynski L, Kapoor N, Richter D, DiGiovanni D, Dhalla F, Farmaki E, Speckmann C, Español T, Shcherbina A, Hanson IC, Litzman J, Routes JM, Wong M, Fuleihan R, Seneviratne SL, Small TN, Janda A, Bezrodnik L, Seger R, Raccio AG, Edgar JDM, Chou J, Abbott JK, van Montfrans J, González-Granado LI, Bunin N, Kutukculer N, Gray P, Seminario G, Pasic S, Aquino V, Wysocki C, Abolhassani H, Dorsey M, Cunningham-Rundles C, Knutsen AP, Sleasman J, Costa Carvalho BT, Condino-Neto A, Grunebaum E, Chapel H, Ochs HD, Filipovich A, Cowan M, Gennery A, Cant A, Notarangelo LD, Roifman CM. Long-term outcomes of 176 patients with X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome treated with or without hematopoietic cell transplantation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 139:1282-1292. [PMID: 27697500 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome (XHIGM) is a primary immunodeficiency with high morbidity and mortality compared with those seen in healthy subjects. Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) has been considered a curative therapy, but the procedure has inherent complications and might not be available for all patients. OBJECTIVES We sought to collect data on the clinical presentation, treatment, and follow-up of a large sample of patients with XHIGM to (1) compare long-term overall survival and general well-being of patients treated with or without HCT along with clinical factors associated with mortality and (2) summarize clinical practice and risk factors in the subgroup of patients treated with HCT. METHODS Physicians caring for patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases were identified through the Jeffrey Modell Foundation, United States Immunodeficiency Network, Latin American Society for Immunodeficiency, and Primary Immune Deficiency Treatment Consortium. Data were collected with a Research Electronic Data Capture Web application. Survival from time of diagnosis or transplantation was estimated by using the Kaplan-Meier method compared with log-rank tests and modeled by using proportional hazards regression. RESULTS Twenty-eight clinical sites provided data on 189 patients given a diagnosis of XHIGM between 1964 and 2013; 176 had valid follow-up and vital status information. Sixty-seven (38%) patients received HCT. The average follow-up time was 8.5 ± 7.2 years (range, 0.1-36.2 years). No difference in overall survival was observed between patients treated with or without HCT (P = .671). However, risk associated with HCT decreased for diagnosis years 1987-1995; the hazard ratio was significantly less than 1 for diagnosis years 1995-1999. Liver disease was a significant predictor of overall survival (hazard ratio, 4.9; 95% confidence limits, 2.2-10.8; P < .001). Among survivors, those treated with HCT had higher median Karnofsky/Lansky scores than those treated without HCT (P < .001). Among patients receiving HCT, 27 (40%) had graft-versus-host disease, and most deaths occurred within 1 year of transplantation. CONCLUSION No difference in survival was observed between patients treated with or without HCT across all diagnosis years (1964-2013). However, survivors treated with HCT experienced somewhat greater well-being, and hazards associated with HCT decreased, reaching levels of significantly less risk in the late 1990s. Among patients treated with HCT, treatment at an early age is associated with improved survival. Optimism remains guarded as additional evidence accumulates.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Teresa de la Morena
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children's Medical Center, Children's Health, Dallas, Tex.
| | - David Leonard
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children's Medical Center, Children's Health, Dallas, Tex
| | - Troy R Torgerson
- University of Washington and Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Wash
| | | | - Mary Slatter
- Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Asghar Aghamohammadi
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sharat Chandra
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | | | | | | | | | - Caroline Y Kuo
- Geffen SOM at David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif
| | | | | | - Karin Chen
- University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - Neena Kapoor
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, Calif
| | | | | | | | | | - Carsten Speckmann
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Anna Shcherbina
- Research and Clinical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Jiri Litzman
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, St Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Melanie Wong
- Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ramsay Fuleihan
- Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | | | - Trudy N Small
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Ales Janda
- University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | | | - Janet Chou
- Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Mass
| | | | - Joris van Montfrans
- Division Pediatrics, Pediatrische Immunologie en Infectieziekten, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Luis Ignacio González-Granado
- Unidad de Immunodeficiencias Primarias y la Unidad de Hematología y Oncología Pediátrica, Instituto de Investigacíon Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nancy Bunin
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | | | - Paul Gray
- Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | | | - Srdjan Pasic
- Mother & Child Health Institute, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Victor Aquino
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children's Medical Center, Children's Health, Dallas, Tex
| | - Christian Wysocki
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children's Medical Center, Children's Health, Dallas, Tex
| | - Hassan Abolhassani
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | - Beatriz Tavares Costa Carvalho
- Division of Allergy-Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Condino-Neto
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Hans D Ochs
- University of Washington and Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Wash
| | | | | | - Andrew Gennery
- Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Cant
- Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Host Defenses, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
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Hoover AR, Dozmorov I, MacLeod J, Du Q, de la Morena MT, Forbess J, Guleserian K, Cleaver OB, van Oers NSC. MicroRNA-205 Maintains T Cell Development following Stress by Regulating Forkhead Box N1 and Selected Chemokines. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:23237-23247. [PMID: 27646003 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.744508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The thymus, an organ responsible for T cell development, is one of the more stress-sensitive tissues in the body. Stress, in the form of infections, radiation exposure, and steroids, impairs thymic epithelial cell (TEC) functions and induces the programmed cell death of immature thymocytes. MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs involved in tissue repair and homeostasis, with several supporting T cell development. We report that miR-205, an epithelial-specific miR, maintains thymopoiesis following inflammatory perturbations. Thus, the activation of diverse pattern recognition receptors in mice causes a more severe thymic hypoplasia and delayed T cell recovery when miR-205 is conditionally ablated in TECs. Gene expression comparisons in the TECs with/without miR-205 revealed a significant differential regulation of chemokine/chemokine receptor pathways, antigen processing components, and changes in the Wnt signaling system. This was partly a consequence of reduced expression of the transcriptional regulator of epithelial cell function, Forkhead Box N1 (Foxn1), and its two regulated targets, stem cell factor and ccl25, following stress. miR-205 mimics supplemented into miR-205-deficient fetal thymic organ cultures restored Foxn1 expression along with ccl25 and stem cell factor A number of putative targets of miR-205 were up-regulated in TECs lacking miR-205, consistent with an important role for this miR in supporting T cell development in response to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Joseph Forbess
- Internal Medicine.,Children's Health, Dallas, Texas 75235
| | | | | | - Nicolai S C van Oers
- From the Departments of Immunology, .,Pediatrics.,Microbiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75390-9093 and
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Bonilla FA, Chapel H, Costa-Carvalho BT, Cunningham-Rundles C, de la Morena MT, Espinosa-Rosales FJ, Hammarström L, Nonoyama S, Quinti I, Routes JM, Tang MLK, Warnatz K. Reply. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2016; 4:1019-1020. [PMID: 27587326 PMCID: PMC5886701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2016.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Helen Chapel
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Isabella Quinti
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - John M Routes
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Mimi L K Tang
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Klaus Warnatz
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass
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van Oers NS, Hoover AR, MacLeod J, Dozmorov I, de la Morena MT. MiR-205 Supports Thymopoiesis Following Stress by Positively Regulating Foxn1 Expression. The Journal of Immunology 2016. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.196.supp.121.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
T cells are a critical component of the adaptive immune system, developing within the thymus. Immature thymocytes interact with an interconnected meshwork of thymic epithelial cells (TECs) to establish the T cell repertoire. The developmental process is extremely stress sensitive, as the thymus can undergo a rapid involution in response to diverse inflammatory conditions, and a more prolonged hypoplasia during aging. The type of stress predicates whether TECs, thymocytes, and/or myeloid cell populations are affected. Several microRNAs (miRs) have been identified in the thymus based on their ability to mitigate the stress damage. We identified miR-205 as a stress responsive miR specifically expressed in TECs. Mice generated with a conditional ablation of miR-205 in TECs exhibit an age and sex-dependent thymic hypoplasia beginning at 8 weeks. Under stress conditions involving a type I interferon response (dsRNA mimic; polyI:C), the TEC-miR-205 deficient mice had a severe thymic atrophy compared to littermate controls. The TEC-miR-205 deficient mice displayed a delayed recovery of single positive CD4 and CD8 thymocytes, likely resulting from a block in the cortical TEC expansion. qPCR and gene expression comparisons revealed that the miR-205 deficient TECs had significant changes in chemokine/chemokine receptor and antigen processing pathways. MiR-205 positively regulated Foxn1 transcription factor expression, the master regulator of TEC development and function. Interestingly, miR-205 is encoded within a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), 4631405K08Rik. Current experiments will reveal the mechanisms by which the miR and lncRNA are transcriptionally regulated, and how these affect Foxn1 expression to support thymopoiesis.
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Khan S, Kuruvilla M, Hagin D, Wakeland B, Liang C, Vishwanathan K, Gatti RA, Torgersen TR, Abraham RS, Wakeland EK, van Oers NSC, de la Morena MT. RNA sequencing reveals the consequences of a novel insertion in dedicator of cytokinesis-8. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 138:289-292.e6. [PMID: 26883462 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaheen Khan
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex
| | - Merin Kuruvilla
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex; Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex
| | - David Hagin
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Wash
| | - Benjamin Wakeland
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex
| | - Chaoying Liang
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex
| | | | - Richard A Gatti
- Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine and Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Troy R Torgersen
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Wash
| | - Roshini S Abraham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | - Edward K Wakeland
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex
| | - Nicolai S C van Oers
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex; Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex; Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex
| | - M Teresa de la Morena
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex; Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex; Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex; Children's Medical Center, Children's Heath, Dallas, Tex.
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Bonilla FA, Barlan I, Chapel H, Costa-Carvalho BT, Cunningham-Rundles C, de la Morena MT, Espinosa-Rosales FJ, Hammarström L, Nonoyama S, Quinti I, Routes JM, Tang MLK, Warnatz K. International Consensus Document (ICON): Common Variable Immunodeficiency Disorders. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2015; 4:38-59. [PMID: 26563668 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2015.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 505] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Isil Barlan
- Marmara University Pendik Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Helen Chapel
- John Radcliffe Hospital and University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - M Teresa de la Morena
- Children's Medical Center and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | | | | | | | | | - John M Routes
- Children's Hospital of Wisconsin and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wis
| | - Mimi L K Tang
- Royal Children's Hospital and Murdoch Children's Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Klaus Warnatz
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Datta R, Kuruvilla M, Gill M, de la Morena MT. Association of skin necrosis with subcutaneous immunoglobulin therapy. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2014; 113:232-3. [PMID: 24996991 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2014.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Datta
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Children's Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Merin Kuruvilla
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Children's Medical Center, Dallas, Texas; Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Children's Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Michelle Gill
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Children's Medical Center, Dallas, Texas; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Children's Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - M Teresa de la Morena
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Children's Medical Center, Dallas, Texas; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Children's Medical Center, Dallas, Texas; Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Children's Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.
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Belkaya S, Murray SE, Eitson JL, de la Morena MT, Forman JA, van Oers NSC. Transgenic expression of microRNA-185 causes a developmental arrest of T cells by targeting multiple genes including Mzb1. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:30752-30762. [PMID: 24014023 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.503532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
miR-185 is a microRNA (miR) that targets Bruton's tyrosine kinase in B cells, with reductions in miR-185 linked to B cell autoantibody production. In hippocampal neurons, miR-185 targets both sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 and a novel Golgi inhibitor. This miR is haploinsufficient in 90-95% of individuals with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, patients who can present with immune, cardiac, and parathyroid problems, learning disorders, and a high incidence of schizophrenia in adults. The reduced levels of miR-185 in neurons cause presynaptic neurotransmitter release. Many of the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome patients have a thymic hypoplasia, which results in a peripheral T cell lymphopenia and unusual T helper cell skewing. The molecular targets of miR-185 in thymocytes are unknown. Using an miR-185 T cell transgenic approach, increasing levels of miR-185 attenuated T cell development at the T cell receptor β (TCRβ) selection checkpoint and during positive selection. This caused a peripheral T cell lymphopenia. Mzb1, Nfatc3, and Camk4 were identified as novel miR-185 targets. Elevations in miR-185 enhanced TCR-dependent intracellular calcium levels, whereas a knockdown of miR-185 diminished these calcium responses. These effects concur with reductions in Mzb1, an endoplasmic reticulum calcium regulator. Consistent with their haploinsufficiency of miR-185, Mzb1 levels were elevated in thymocyte extracts from several 22q11.2 deletion syndrome patients. Our findings indicate that miR-185 regulates T cell development through its targeting of several mRNAs including Mzb1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Nicolai S C van Oers
- From the Departments of Immunology,; Pediatrics, and; Microbiology, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9093 and.
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Hoover A, Eitson J, Kahn S, Ratliff L, Cleaver O, de la Morena MT, van Oers N. The thymic hypoplasia common to 22q11.2 deletion syndrome patients is linked to a deficiency of several novel RNA species (P4448). The Journal of Immunology 2013. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.190.supp.52.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22qDS) is the most frequent chromosomal microdeletion syndrome in humans (1 /4000 births). It arises from erroneous interchromosomal exchanges during meiosis, resulting in a hemizygous microdeletion of ~60 genes (3Mb) and 4 microRNAs on chromosome 22. Sixty percent of 22qDS patients have a thymic hypoplasia, resulting in a peripheral T cell lymphopenia. The thymic hypoplasia, hypoparathyroidism, and cardiac anomalies originate from defective pharyngeal pouch development during embryogenesis. The molecular causes remain unresolved. We profiled the RNA species in thymic tissues from normal and 22qDS patients. The miR-200 family and miR-205 were deficient in the 22qDS samples. MiR-205 is localized within a long intergenic non-coding RNA (lncRNA). This lncRNA and three transcription factors, Pax1, Foxn1, and Foxg1, were severely under-expressed in those 22qDS patients with a thymic hypoplasia. The functional role of these RNAs is being addressed with viral knockdown approaches in fetal thymic organ and pharyngeal pouch explant cultures. Preliminary findings suggest a role for several of these RNAs in thymic and parathyroid tissue specification. Results from our study could lead to better therapies for reconstituting T cell development in patients undergoing stem cell transplants and chemoablative therapies and for the elderly, who have a loss of thymic epithelial tissue with diminished T cell output.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shaheen Kahn
- 1Immunology, UT Southwestern Med. Ctr., Dallas, TX
| | | | - Ondine Cleaver
- 3Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Med. Ctr., Dallas, TX
| | - M. Teresa de la Morena
- 4Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Med. Ctr., Dallas, TX
- 5Children's Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Nicolai van Oers
- 1Immunology, UT Southwestern Med. Ctr., Dallas, TX
- 2Microbiology, UT Southwestern Med. Ctr., Dallas, TX
- 4Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Med. Ctr., Dallas, TX
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de la Morena MT, Eitson JL, Dozmorov IM, Belkaya S, Hoover AR, Anguiano E, Pascual MV, van Oers NSC. Signature MicroRNA expression patterns identified in humans with 22q11.2 deletion/DiGeorge syndrome. Clin Immunol 2013; 147:11-22. [PMID: 23454892 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2013.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome have heterogeneous clinical presentations including immunodeficiency, cardiac anomalies, and hypocalcemia. The syndrome arises from hemizygous deletions of up to 3Mb on chromosome 22q11.2, a region that contains 60 genes and 4 microRNAs. MicroRNAs are important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, with mutations in several microRNAs causal to specific human diseases. We characterized the microRNA expression patterns in the peripheral blood of patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (n=31) compared to normal controls (n=22). Eighteen microRNAs had a statistically significant differential expression (p<0.05), with miR-185 expressed at 0.4× normal levels. The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome cohort exhibited microRNA expression hyper-variability and group dysregulation. Selected microRNAs distinguished patients with cardiac anomalies, hypocalcemia, and/or low circulating T cell counts. In summary, microRNA profiling of chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome/DiGeorge patients revealed a signature microRNA expression pattern distinct from normal controls with clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Teresa de la Morena
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9063, USA.
| | - Jennifer L Eitson
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6000 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9093, USA
| | - Igor M Dozmorov
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6000 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9093, USA
| | - Serkan Belkaya
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6000 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9093, USA
| | - Ashley R Hoover
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6000 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9093, USA
| | | | | | - Nicolai S C van Oers
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9063, USA; Department of Immunology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6000 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9093, USA; Department of Microbiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6000 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9093, USA.
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Belkaya S, Silge RL, Hoover AR, Medeiros JJ, Eitson JL, Becker AM, de la Morena MT, Bassel-Duby RS, van Oers NSC. Dynamic modulation of thymic microRNAs in response to stress. PLoS One 2011; 6:e27580. [PMID: 22110677 PMCID: PMC3217971 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physiological stress evokes rapid changes in both the innate and adaptive immune response. Immature αβ T cells developing in the thymus are particularly sensitive to stress, with infections and/or exposure to lipopolysaccharide or glucocorticoids eliciting a rapid apoptotic program. MicroRNAs are a class of small, non-coding RNAs that regulate global gene expression by targeting diverse mRNAs for degradation. We hypothesized that a subset of thymically encoded microRNAs would be stress responsive and modulate thymopoiesis. We performed microRNA profiling of thymic microRNAs isolated from control or stressed thymic tissue obtained from mice. We identified 18 microRNAs that are dysregulated >1.5-fold in response to lipopolysaccharide or the synthetic corticosteroid dexamethasone. These included the miR-17-90 cluster, which have anti-apoptotic functions, and the miR-181 family, which contribute to T cell tolerance. The stress-induced changes in the thymic microRNAs are dynamically and distinctly regulated in the CD4(-)CD8(-), CD4(+)CD8(+), CD4(+)CD8(-), and CD4(-)CD8(+) thymocyte subsets. Several of the differentially regulated murine thymic miRs are also stress responsive in the heart, kidney, liver, brain, and/or spleen. The most dramatic thymic microRNA down modulated is miR-181d, exhibiting a 15-fold reduction following stress. This miR has both similar and distinct gene targets as miR-181a, another member of miR-181 family. Many of the differentially regulated microRNAs have known functions in thymopoiesis, indicating that their dysregulation will alter T cell repertoire selection and the formation of naïve T cells. This data has implications for clinical treatments involving anti-inflammatory steroids, ablation therapies, and provides mechanistic insights into the consequences of infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Belkaya
- The Department of Immunology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Robert L. Silge
- The Department of Immunology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ashley R. Hoover
- The Department of Immunology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jennifer J. Medeiros
- The Department of Immunology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L. Eitson
- The Department of Immunology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Amy M. Becker
- The Department of Immunology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - M. Teresa de la Morena
- The Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Rhonda S. Bassel-Duby
- The Department of Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Nicolai S. C. van Oers
- The Department of Immunology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- The Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- The Department of Microbiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
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Abstract
The last 40 years has seen the emergence of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation as a therapeutic modality for fatal diseases and as a curative option for individuals born with inherited disorders that carry limited life expectancy and poor quality of life. Despite the rarity of many primary immunodeficiency diseases, these disorders have led the way toward innovative therapies and further provide insights into mechanisms of immunologic reconstitution applicable to all hematopoietic stem cell transplants. This article represents a historical perspective of the early investigators and their contributions. It also reviews the parallel work that oncologists and immunologists have undertaken to treat both primary immunodeficiencies and hematologic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Teresa de la Morena
- Department of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9063, USA
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Abstract
The last 40 years has seen the emergence of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation as a therapeutic modality for fatal diseases and as a curative option for individuals born with inherited disorders that carry limited life expectancy and poor quality of life. Despite the rarity of many primary immunodeficiency diseases, these disorders have led the way toward innovative therapies and further provide insights into mechanisms of immunologic reconstitution applicable to all hematopoietic stem cell transplants. This article represents a historical perspective of the early investigators and their contributions. It also reviews the parallel work that oncologists and immunologists have undertaken to treat both primary immunodeficiencies and hematologic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Teresa de la Morena
- Department of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9063, USA.
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Devora GA, Sun L, Chen Z, van Oers NSC, Hanson EP, Orange JS, de la Morena MT. A novel missense mutation in the nuclear factor-κB essential modulator (NEMO) gene resulting in impaired activation of the NF-κB pathway and a unique clinical phenotype presenting as MRSA subdural empyema. J Clin Immunol 2010; 30:881-5. [PMID: 20652730 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-010-9445-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2010] [Accepted: 07/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We describe a previously unreported 437 T→G missense mutation producing a V146G substitution in the first coiled-coil (CC1) domain of nuclear factor-κB essential modulator (NEMO) in a 9-month-old boy with ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency who presented with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus subdural empyema. We performed in vitro experiments to determine if this novel mutation resulted in impaired NF-κB signaling. METHODS IκBα phosphorylation experiments were performed using a Jurkat T cell line lacking endogenous NEMO expression that was transfected with vectors containing either the wild type or the patient's V146G mutation. The cells were stimulated with TNF-α to activate the NF-κB pathway. Phosphorylated IκBα was detected by immunoblotting with anti-phospho-IκBα antibodies. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from the patient were stimulated with TNF-α or anti-CD3 and anti-CD28. Impaired IκBα degradation was detected using antibodies against the IκBα protein. RESULTS While TNF-α stimulation resulted in IκBα phosphorylation in NEMO-deficient Jurkat cells reconstituted with wild-type NEMO, cell transfected with the V146G mutant exhibited a 75% reduction in phospho-IκBα. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from the patient showed impaired degradation of IκBα after stimulation when compared with normal controls. CONCLUSIONS The patient's V146G mutation results in impaired NF-κB activation in vitro. The mutation extends the known N-terminal boundary within the CC1 domain that produces an ectodermal dysplasia phenotype, and defines an infectious susceptibility previously unappreciated in ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency (methicillin-resistant S. aureus subdural empyema), broadening the clinical spectrum associated with the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gene A Devora
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-8859, USA
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de la Morena MT. Specific immune globulin therapy for prevention of nosocomial staphylococcal bloodstream infection in premature infants: not what we hoped for! J Pediatr 2007; 151:232-4. [PMID: 17719927 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2007.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2007] [Accepted: 06/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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