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Jayaraman M, Mirea L, Wisotzkey B, Zangwill S. Procurement Distance Patterns and Relationship to Ischemic Time and Graft Survival in Pediatric Heart Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Ospel JM, Hill MD, Menon BK, Demchuk A, McTaggart R, Nogueira R, Poppe A, Haussen D, Qiu W, Mayank A, Almekhlafi M, Zerna C, Joshi M, Jayaraman M, Roy D, Rempel J, Buck B, Tymianski M, Goyal M. Strength of Association between Infarct Volume and Clinical Outcome Depends on the Magnitude of Infarct Size: Results from the ESCAPE-NA1 Trial. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:1375-1379. [PMID: 34167959 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Infarct volume is an important predictor of clinical outcome in acute stroke. We hypothesized that the association of infarct volume and clinical outcome changes with the magnitude of infarct size. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were derived from the Safety and Efficacy of Nerinetide in Subjects Undergoing Endovascular Thrombectomy for Stroke (ESCAPE-NA1) trial, in which patients with acute stroke with large-vessel occlusion were randomized to endovascular treatment plus either nerinetide or a placebo. Infarct volume was manually segmented on 24-hour noncontrast CT or DWI. The relationship between infarct volume and good outcome, defined as mRS 0-2 at 90 days, was plotted. Patients were categorized on the basis of visual grouping at the curve shoulders of the infarct volume/outcome plot. The relationship between infarct volume and adjusted probability of good outcome was fitted with linear or polynomial functions as appropriate in each group. RESULTS We included 1099 individuals in the study. Median infarct volume at 24 hours was 24.9 mL (interquartile range [IQR] = 6.6-92.2 mL). On the basis of the infarct volume/outcome plot, 4 infarct volume groups were defined (IQR = 0-15 mL, 15.1-70 mL, 70.1-200 mL, >200 mL). Proportions of good outcome in the 4 groups were 359/431 (83.3%), 219/337 (65.0%), 71/201 (35.3%), and 16/130 (12.3%), respectively. In small infarcts (IQR = 0-15 mL), no relationship with outcome was appreciated. In patients with intermediate infarct volume (IQR = 15-200 mL), there was progressive importance of volume as an outcome predictor. In infarcts of > 200 mL, outcomes were overall poor. CONCLUSIONS The relationship between infarct volume and clinical outcome varies nonlinearly with the magnitude of infarct size. Infarct volume was linearly associated with decreased chances of achieving good outcome in patients with moderate-to-large infarcts, but not in those with small infarcts. In very large infarcts, a near-deterministic association with poor outcome was seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Ospel
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences (J.M.O., M.D.H., B.K.M., A.D., W.Q., A.M., M.A., C.Z., M.G.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Radiology (J.M.O.), University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - M D Hill
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences (J.M.O., M.D.H., B.K.M., A.D., W.Q., A.M., M.A., C.Z., M.G.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Radiology (M.D.H., B.K.M., A.D., M.A., M. Joshi, M.G.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - B K Menon
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences (J.M.O., M.D.H., B.K.M., A.D., W.Q., A.M., M.A., C.Z., M.G.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Radiology (M.D.H., B.K.M., A.D., M.A., M. Joshi, M.G.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - A Demchuk
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences (J.M.O., M.D.H., B.K.M., A.D., W.Q., A.M., M.A., C.Z., M.G.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Radiology (M.D.H., B.K.M., A.D., M.A., M. Joshi, M.G.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - R McTaggart
- Department of Interventional Radiology (R.M., M. Jayaraman), Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - R Nogueira
- Department of Neurology (R.N., D.H.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - A Poppe
- Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (A.P., D.R.), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - D Haussen
- Department of Neurology (R.N., D.H.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - W Qiu
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences (J.M.O., M.D.H., B.K.M., A.D., W.Q., A.M., M.A., C.Z., M.G.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - A Mayank
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences (J.M.O., M.D.H., B.K.M., A.D., W.Q., A.M., M.A., C.Z., M.G.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - M Almekhlafi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences (J.M.O., M.D.H., B.K.M., A.D., W.Q., A.M., M.A., C.Z., M.G.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Radiology (M.D.H., B.K.M., A.D., M.A., M. Joshi, M.G.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - C Zerna
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences (J.M.O., M.D.H., B.K.M., A.D., W.Q., A.M., M.A., C.Z., M.G.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - M Joshi
- Department of Radiology (M.D.H., B.K.M., A.D., M.A., M. Joshi, M.G.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - M Jayaraman
- Department of Interventional Radiology (R.M., M. Jayaraman), Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - D Roy
- Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (A.P., D.R.), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - J Rempel
- University of Alberta Hospital (J.R., B.B.), Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - B Buck
- University of Alberta Hospital (J.R., B.B.), Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - M Goyal
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences (J.M.O., M.D.H., B.K.M., A.D., W.Q., A.M., M.A., C.Z., M.G.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada .,Department of Radiology (M.D.H., B.K.M., A.D., M.A., M. Joshi, M.G.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Goyal M, Yoshimura S, Milot G, Fiehler J, Jayaraman M, Dorn F, Taylor A, Liu J, Albuquerque F, Jensen ME, Nogueira R, Fraser JF, Chapot R, Thibault L, Majoie C, Yang P, Sakai N, Kallmes D, Orlov K, Arthur A, Brouwer P, Ospel JM. Considerations for Antiplatelet Management of Carotid Stenting in the Setting of Mechanical Thrombectomy: A Delphi Consensus Statement. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020; 41:2274-2279. [PMID: 33122218 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE There are only few data and lack of consensus regarding antiplatelet management for carotid stent placement in the setting of endovascular stroke treatment. We aimed to develop a consensus-based algorithm for antiplatelet management in acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing endovascular treatment and simultaneous emergent carotid stent placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a literature search and a modified Delphi approach used Web-based questionnaires that were sent in several iterations to an international multidisciplinary panel of 19 neurointerventionalists from 7 countries. The first round included open-ended questions and formed the basis for subsequent rounds, in which closed-ended questions were used. Participants continuously received feedback on the results from previous rounds. Consensus was defined as agreement of ≥70% for binary questions and agreement of ≥50% for questions with >2 answer options. The results of the Delphi process were then summarized in a draft manuscript that was circulated among the panel members for feedback. RESULTS A total of 5 Delphi rounds were performed. Panel members preferred a single intravenous aspirin bolus or, in jurisdictions in which intravenous aspirin is not available, a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitor as intraprocedural antiplatelet regimen and a combination therapy of oral aspirin and a P2Y12 inhibitor in the postprocedural period. There was no consensus on the role of platelet function testing in the postprocedural period. CONCLUSIONS More and better data on antiplatelet management for carotid stent placement in the setting of endovascular treatment are urgently needed. Panel members preferred intravenous aspirin or, alternatively, a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitor as an intraprocedural antiplatelet agent, followed by a dual oral regimen of aspirin and a P2Y12 inhibitor in the postprocedural period.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Goyal
- From the Departments of Clinical Neurosciences (M.G., J.M.O.) .,Diagnostic Imaging (M.G.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - S Yoshimura
- Department of Neurosurgery (S.Y.), Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - G Milot
- Department of Neurosurgery (G.M.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - J Fiehler
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.F.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Jayaraman
- Departments of Diagnostic Imaging, Neurology, and Neurosurgery (M.J.), Warren Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - F Dorn
- Institute of Neuroradiology (F.D.), University of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - A Taylor
- Groote Schuur Hospital (A.T.), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - J Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery (J.L., P.Y.), Changhai Hospital Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - F Albuquerque
- Department of Neurosurgery (F.A.), Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - M E Jensen
- Departments of Neurological Surgery, Radiology, and Medical Imaging (M.E.J.), University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - R Nogueira
- Marcus Stroke & Neuroscience Center (R.N.), Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia.,Department of Neurology (R.N.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - J F Fraser
- Departments of Neurosurgery (J.F.F.), Neurology, Radiology, and Neuroscience. University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - R Chapot
- Department of Neuroradiology (R.C.), Alfred Krupp Krankenhaus Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - L Thibault
- Member of the Scientific Committee (L.T.), World Federation of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, Paris, France
| | - C Majoie
- Department of Radiology (C.M.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - P Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery (J.L., P.Y.), Changhai Hospital Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - N Sakai
- Department of Neurosurgery (N.S.), Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - D Kallmes
- Department of Radiology (D.K.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - K Orlov
- Meshalkin National Medical Research Center (K.O.), Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - A Arthur
- Department of Neurosurgery (A.A.), Semmes-Murphey Clinic/University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - P Brouwer
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (P.B.), Karolinksa Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,University NeuroVascular Center (P.B.), University Medical Center, Haaglanden Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - J M Ospel
- From the Departments of Clinical Neurosciences (M.G., J.M.O.).,Department of Neuroradiology (J.M.O.), University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Ospel JM, Brouwer P, Dorn F, Arthur A, Jensen ME, Nogueira R, Chapot R, Albuquerque F, Majoie C, Jayaraman M, Taylor A, Liu J, Fiehler J, Sakai N, Orlov K, Kallmes D, Fraser JF, Thibault L, Goyal M. Antiplatelet Management for Stent-Assisted Coiling and Flow Diversion of Ruptured Intracranial Aneurysms: A DELPHI Consensus Statement. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020; 41:1856-1862. [PMID: 32943417 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE There is a paucity of data regarding antiplatelet management strategies in the setting of stent-assisted coiling/flow diversion for ruptured intracranial aneurysms. This study aimed to identify current challenges in antiplatelet management during stent-assisted coiling/flow diversion for ruptured intracranial aneurysms and to outline possible antiplatelet management strategies. MATERIALS AND METHODS The modified DELPHI approach with an on-line questionnaire was sent in several iterations to an international, multidisciplinary panel of 15 neurointerventionalists. The first round consisted of open-ended questions, followed by closed-ended questions in the subsequent rounds. Responses were analyzed in an anonymous fashion and summarized in the final manuscript draft. The statement received endorsement from the World Federation of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, the Japanese Society for Neuroendovascular Therapy, and the Chinese Neurosurgical Society. RESULTS Data were collected from December 9, 2019, to March 13, 2020. Panel members achieved consensus that platelet function testing may not be necessary and that antiplatelet management for stent-assisted coiling and flow diversion of ruptured intracranial aneurysms can follow the same principles. Preprocedural placement of a ventricular drain was thought to be beneficial in cases with a high risk of hydrocephalus. A periprocedural dual, intravenous, antiplatelet regimen with aspirin and a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor was preferred as a standard approach. The panel agreed that intravenous medication can be converted to oral aspirin and an oral P2Y12 inhibitor within 24 hours after the procedure. CONCLUSIONS More and better data on antiplatelet management of patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms undergoing stent-assisted coiling or flow diversion are urgently needed. Panel members in this DELPHI consensus study preferred a periprocedural dual-antiplatelet regimen with aspirin and a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Ospel
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences (J.M.O., M.G.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Radiology (J.M.O.), University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - P Brouwer
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (P.B.), Karolinksa Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- University NeuroVascular Center (P.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, Haaglanden Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - F Dorn
- Institute of Neuroradiology (F.D.), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - A Arthur
- Department of Neurosurgery (A.A.), Semmes-Murphey Clinic/University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - M E Jensen
- Departments of Neurological Surgery, Radiology, and Medical Imaging (M.E.J.), University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - R Nogueira
- Marcus Stroke & Neuroscience Center (R.N.), Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia
- Department of Neurology (R.N.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - R Chapot
- Department of Neuroradiology (R.C.), Alfred Krupp Krankenhaus Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - F Albuquerque
- Department of Neurosurgery (F.A.), Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - C Majoie
- Department of Radiology (C.M.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Jayaraman
- Departments of Diagnostic Imaging, Neurology, and Neurosurgery (M.J.), Warren Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - A Taylor
- Groote Schuur Hospital (A.T.), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - J Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery (J.L.), Changhai Hospital Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - J Fiehler
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.F.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - N Sakai
- Department of Neurosurgery (N.S.), Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - K Orlov
- Meshalkin National Medical Research Center (K.O.), Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - D Kallmes
- Department of Radiology (D.K.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - J F Fraser
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Neurology, Radiology, and Neuroscience (J.F.F.), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - L Thibault
- Member of the Scientific Committee of the World Federation of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology (L.T.)
| | - M Goyal
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences (J.M.O., M.G.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging (M.G.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Wang R, Chang K, Zhou H, Wu J, Cohan G, Jayaraman M, Huang R, Boxerman J, Yang L, Hui F, Woo J, Bai H. Abstract No. 720 Identification of irreversibly damaged brain tissue on computed tomography perfusion using convolutional neural network to assist selection for mechanical thrombectomy in ischemic stroke patients. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Gunderson C, Evans E, Radhakrishnan R, Gomathinayagam R, Husain S, Aravindan S, Moore K, Dhanasekaran D, Jayaraman M. Circulating Tumor Cell-Free DNA Genes As Biomarkers For Platinum Resistant Ovarian Cancer Diagnosis. Gynecol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ospel JM, Volny O, Jayaraman M, McTaggart R, Goyal M. Optimizing fast first pass complete reperfusion in acute ischemic stroke – the BADDASS approach (BAlloon guiDe with large bore Distal Access catheter with dual aspiration with Stent-retriever as Standard approach). Expert Rev Med Devices 2019; 16:955-963. [DOI: 10.1080/17434440.2019.1684263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. M. Ospel
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - O. Volny
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- International Clinical Research Centre, Stroke Research Program, St. Anne´s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Neurology, St. Anne´s University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M. Jayaraman
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Warren Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Neurology, Warren Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Warren Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- The Norman Prince Neuroscience Institute, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - R. McTaggart
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Warren Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Neurology, Warren Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Warren Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- The Norman Prince Neuroscience Institute, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - M. Goyal
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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Ruskin R, Rowland M, Dhanasekaran D, Jayaraman M, Moxley K. Clinical and serum predictors of anti-angiogenic toxicity. Gynecol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.03.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Adaikala Raj G, Jayaraman M, Krishnamoorthy S, Chandrasekaran M, Venkatesalu V. Screening of Different Extracts of Marine Macro Green Algae for Larvicidal Activity against Dengue Fever Mosquito, <i>Aedes aegypti</i> (Diptera: Culiadae). ILNS 2017. [DOI: 10.56431/p-za9vhz] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The present study larvicidal activities of hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol extracts of Halimeda macroloba, Decsne, Caulerpa racemosa (Frosk) Weber-Van-Bosses and Ulva lactuca Lin, (Chlorophyceae) against Aedes aegypti. The marine macro green algae extracts were tested against early 4th instar larvae of A. aegypti using WHO protocol and concentrations of 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 ppm. The observed mortality was made 24 and 48 h after treatment, data was subjected to probit analysis to determine the lethal concentration (LC50 and LC90) of the treated larvae of the tested species.Among the tested extracts the maximum efficicacy was observed in the ethyl acetate extracts. The ethyl acetate extracts of the seaweeds showed the presence of terpenoids, tannins and phenolic compounds stronger than the other extracts. The results revealed that all the extracts showed varied levels of larvicidal activity against A. aegypti tested. However, the ethyl acetate extract of C. racemosa showed remarkable larvicidal activity against A. aegypti (LC50=579.9 and LC90=1255.4 ppm values at 24 h and LC50 =495.4 and LC90 =1073.9 ppm at 48 h) followed by U. lactuca (LC50=588.1 and LC90=1290.7 ppm values at 24 h, and LC50= 530.8 and LC90= 1160.0 ppm at 48 h), respectively. The lowest larval mortality was observed with hexane extract of H. macroloba against A. aegypti with values of LC50=1116.8 and LC90= 1824.5 ppm (after 24 h) and LC50=1059.9 and LC90=1768.3 ppm (after 24 h). The present studies indicate that the larvicidal activity and phytochemicals derived from the ethyl acetate extract of C. racemosa have the potential to be used as an ideal eco-friendly approach and effective mosquito vector control agent.
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Adaikala Raj G, Jayaraman M, Krishnamoorthy S, Chandrasekaran M, Venkatesalu V. Screening of Different Extracts of Marine Macro Green Algae for Larvicidal Activity against Dengue Fever Mosquito, <i>Aedes aegypti</i> (Diptera: Culiadae). ILNS 2017. [DOI: 10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.62.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The present study larvicidal activities of hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol extracts of Halimeda macroloba, Decsne, Caulerpa racemosa (Frosk) Weber-Van-Bosses and Ulva lactuca Lin, (Chlorophyceae) against Aedes aegypti. The marine macro green algae extracts were tested against early 4th instar larvae of A. aegypti using WHO protocol and concentrations of 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 ppm. The observed mortality was made 24 and 48 h after treatment, data was subjected to probit analysis to determine the lethal concentration (LC50 and LC90) of the treated larvae of the tested species.Among the tested extracts the maximum efficicacy was observed in the ethyl acetate extracts. The ethyl acetate extracts of the seaweeds showed the presence of terpenoids, tannins and phenolic compounds stronger than the other extracts. The results revealed that all the extracts showed varied levels of larvicidal activity against A. aegypti tested. However, the ethyl acetate extract of C. racemosa showed remarkable larvicidal activity against A. aegypti (LC50=579.9 and LC90=1255.4 ppm values at 24 h and LC50 =495.4 and LC90 =1073.9 ppm at 48 h) followed by U. lactuca (LC50=588.1 and LC90=1290.7 ppm values at 24 h, and LC50= 530.8 and LC90= 1160.0 ppm at 48 h), respectively. The lowest larval mortality was observed with hexane extract of H. macroloba against A. aegypti with values of LC50=1116.8 and LC90= 1824.5 ppm (after 24 h) and LC50=1059.9 and LC90=1768.3 ppm (after 24 h). The present studies indicate that the larvicidal activity and phytochemicals derived from the ethyl acetate extract of C. racemosa have the potential to be used as an ideal eco-friendly approach and effective mosquito vector control agent.
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Abstract
Objectives Lupus is a classical systemic autoimmune disease with genetics as one of the well known causative factors for the disease pathogenesis. Toll-like receptors are the major pattern recognition receptors associated with innate immunity and also act as an interface with the adaptive immunity. Genetic polymorphisms in genes encoding TLRs were implicated in the development of infections, malignancies and autoimmune diseases. TLR9 is a member of TLR family, and recognizes the CpG DNA motifs of pathogens. Though the incidence rate of lupus in Asians was reported to be low (30 - 50/100,000 population), poor disease prognosis due to higher incidence of renal complications and aggressive disease worsens the scenario. The ability of TLR9 to detect and elicit an immune response against double-stranded DNA makes TLR9 a relevant factor to be tested for its association with the clinical and serological phenotypes of lupus. However, lack of relevant genetic data on normative frequencies of the TLR9 (rs187084) polymorphism may serve as a constraint to derive the sample size to conduct case control association studies. Hence this study was conducted to establish the normative frequency of TLR9 (rs187084) polymorphism in Indian Tamils. Materials and methods The TLR9 (rs187084) polymorphism was screened in South Indian Tamils ( n = 208) by PCR-RFLP. Results and discussion We observed a higher occurrence of the mutant allele (65%) in South Indian Tamils. No gender disparity with respect to the mutant allele frequency was observed. The higher incidence of mutant allele in both genders suggests that this population had undergone a genetic selection pressure as an evolutionary genetic measure to withstand the prevailing endemic infections like TB and malaria. Though the enhanced expression of TLR9 was protective against infections, it may also influence the development of autoimmune diseases. Conclusion The higher incidence of theTLR9 (rs187084) over-expression mutation in Indian Tamils is suggestive of a genetic adaptation or selection pressure to withstand the prevailing endemic infectious and parasitic diseases. However, this genetic adaptation poses a greater risk to develop autoimmune diseases like SLE etc through complex gene environment interactions. The normative frequency of the TLR9 (rs187084) polymorphism established in our population could now be used to define the sample size for future case control studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Yusuf
- 1 Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai, India
| | - D Kaliyaperumal
- 2 Department of Dermatology, Aarupadai Veedu Medical College, Pondicherry, India
| | - M Jayaraman
- 1 Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai, India
| | - G Ramanathan
- 3 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, India
| | - P Devaraju
- 1 Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai, India
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Jayaraman M, Senthilkumar A, Venkatesalu V. Evaluation of some aromatic plant extracts for mosquito larvicidal potential against Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegypti, and Anopheles stephensi. Parasitol Res 2015; 114:1511-8. [PMID: 25630696 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4335-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In the present investigation, larvicidal potential of hexane, choloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone, and methanol extracts of seven aromatic plants, viz., Blumea mollis, Chloroxylon swietenia, Clausena anisata, Feronia limnonia, Lantana camera, Plectranthus amboinicus, and Tagetes erecta were screened against Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegypti, and Anopheles stephensi. The larval mortality was observed after 12 and 24 h of exposure period. The results revealed that all the extracts showed varied levels of larvicidal activity against the mosquito species tested. However, the ethyl acetate extract of Chloroxylon swietenia showed the remarkable larvicidal activity against C. quinquefasciatus, Ae. aegypti, and An. stephensi. After 12 h of exposure period, the larvicidal activity was LC50 = 194.22 and LC90 = 458.83 ppm (C. quinquefasciatus), LC50 = 173.04 and LC90 = 442.73 ppm (Ae. aegypti), and LC50 = 167.28 and LC90 = 433.07 ppm (An. stephensi), and the larvicidal activity after 24-h exposure period was LC50 = 94.12 and LC90 = 249.83 ppm (C. quinquefasciatus), LC50 = 80.58 and LC90 = 200.96 ppm (Ae. aegypti), and LC50 = 76.24 and LC90 = 194.51 ppm (An. stephensi). The larvicidal potential of other plant extracts were in order of ethyl acetate extract of Clausena anisata > methanol extract of P. amboinicus > acetone extract of F. limonia > methanol extract of T. erecta > methanol extract of B. mollis > and methanol extract of L. camera. The results of the present study offer a possible way for further investigations to find out the active molecule responsible for the activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jayaraman
- Department of Botany, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
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Satyavani K, Kothandan H, Jayaraman M, Viswanathan V. Direct costs associated with chronic kidney disease among type 2 diabetic patients in India. Indian J Nephrol 2014; 24:141-7. [PMID: 25120290 PMCID: PMC4127832 DOI: 10.4103/0971-4065.132000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate the direct costs of medical care among hospitalized type 2 diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). A total of 209 (M:F, 133:76) patients were divided into groups based on the severity of kidney disease. Group 1 subjects had undergone renal transplantation (n = 12), group 2 was CKD patients on hemodialysis (n = 45), group 3 was patients with CKD, prior to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (n = 66), and group 4 (n = 86) consisted of subjects without any complications. Details about expenditure per hospitalization, length of stay during admission, direct medical and nonmedical cost, expenditure for the previous two years, and source of bearing the expenditure were recorded in a questionnaire. Diabetic patients with CKD prior to ESRD spend more per hospitalization than patients without any complications. [Median ₹ 12,664 vs. 3,214]. The total median cost of CKD patients on hemodialysis was significantly higher than other CKD patients (INR 61,170 vs. 12,664). The median cost involved in kidney transplantation was ₹ 392,920. The total expenditure for hospital admissions in two years was significantly higher for dialysis than transplantation. Patients on hemodialysis or kidney transplantation tend to stay longer as inpatient admissions. The source of funds for the expenditure was mainly personal savings (46%). The expenditure on hospital admissions for CKD was considerably higher, and so, there is a need to develop a protocol on a cost-effective strategy for the treatment of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Satyavani
- Department of Diabetology, M.V. Hospital for Diabetes and Prof. M. Viswanathan Diabetes Research Centre (WHO Collaborating Centre for Research, Education and Training in Diabetes), Royapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - H Kothandan
- Department of Diabetology, M.V. Hospital for Diabetes and Prof. M. Viswanathan Diabetes Research Centre (WHO Collaborating Centre for Research, Education and Training in Diabetes), Royapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Jayaraman
- Department of Diabetology, M.V. Hospital for Diabetes and Prof. M. Viswanathan Diabetes Research Centre (WHO Collaborating Centre for Research, Education and Training in Diabetes), Royapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Viswanathan
- Department of Diabetology, M.V. Hospital for Diabetes and Prof. M. Viswanathan Diabetes Research Centre (WHO Collaborating Centre for Research, Education and Training in Diabetes), Royapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Senthilkumar A, Jayaraman M, Venkatesalu V. Chemical constituents and larvicidal potential of Feronia limonia leaf essential oil against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus. Parasitol Res 2012; 112:1337-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-012-3188-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Blackham KA, Meyers PM, Abruzzo TA, Albuquerque FC, Alberquerque FC, Fiorella D, Fraser J, Frei D, Gandhi CD, Heck DV, Hirsch JA, Hsu DP, Hussain MS, Jayaraman M, Narayanan S, Prestigiacomo C, Sunshine JL. Endovascular therapy of acute ischemic stroke: report of the Standards of Practice Committee of the Society of NeuroInterventional Surgery. J Neurointerv Surg 2012; 4:87-93. [PMID: 22278933 DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2011-010243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize and classify the evidence for the use of endovascular techniques in the treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke. METHODS Recommendations previously published by the American Heart Association (AHA) (Guidelines for the early management of adults with ischemic stroke (Circulation 2007) and Scientific statement indications for the performance of intracranial endovascular neurointerventional procedures (Circulation 2009)) were vetted and used as a foundation for the current process. Building on this foundation, a critical review of the literature was performed to evaluate evidence supporting the endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke. The assessment was based on guidelines for evidence based medicine proposed by the Stroke Council of the AHA and the University of Oxford, Centre for Evidence Based Medicine (CEBM). Procedural safety, technical efficacy and impact on patient outcomes were specifically examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Blackham
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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Vishwanathan P, Srinivasan A, Jayaraman M, Srisailapathy C, Ramesh A. 3.076 AN EARLY ONSET SOUTH INDIAN PARKINSON'S DISEASE PATIENT WITH NOVEL C.798_799INSA MUTATION - A CASE VIGNETTE. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(11)70812-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Vishwanathan P, Srinivasan A, Jayaraman M, Srisailapathy C, Ramesh A. 3.026 MUTATIONAL ANALYSIS OF PARK2, SNCA AND LRRK2 IN PARKINSON'S DISEASE PATIENTS OF SOUTH INDIA. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(11)70762-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zahra K, Jayaraman M, McTaggart R, Do H, Dodd R, Hass R, Marks M. P-006 Angioplasty and secondary stenting for symptomatic intracranial stenosis. J Neurointerv Surg 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/jnis.2010.003236.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Jayaraman M, Cloft H. Reply:. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2009. [DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a1490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Jayaraman M, Cloft HJ. Embolization of brain arteriovenous malformations for cure: because we could or because we should? AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2008; 30:107-8. [PMID: 18988684 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a1394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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21
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Grabowska D, Jayaraman M, Kaltenbronn KM, Sandiford SL, Wang Q, Jenkins S, Slepak VZ, Smith Y, Blumer KJ. Postnatal induction and localization of R7BP, a membrane-anchoring protein for regulator of G protein signaling 7 family-Gbeta5 complexes in brain. Neuroscience 2008; 151:969-82. [PMID: 18248908 PMCID: PMC2292831 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2007] [Revised: 11/28/2007] [Accepted: 12/03/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Members of the regulator of G protein signaling 7 (RGS7) (R7) family and Gbeta5 form obligate heterodimers that are expressed predominantly in the nervous system. R7-Gbeta5 heterodimers are GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) specific for Gi/o-class Galpha subunits, which mediate phototransduction in retina and the action of many modulatory G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in brain. Here we have focused on the R7-family binding protein (R7BP), a recently identified palmitoylated protein that can bind R7-Gbeta5 complexes and is hypothesized to control the intracellular localization and function of the resultant heterotrimeric complexes. We show that: 1) R7-Gbeta5 complexes are obligate binding partners for R7BP in brain because they co-immunoprecipitate and exhibit similar expression patterns. Furthermore, R7BP and R7 protein accumulation in vivo requires Gbeta5. 2) Expression of R7BP in Neuro2A cells at levels approximating those in brain recruits endogenous RGS7-Gbeta5 complexes to the plasma membrane. 3) R7BP immunoreactivity in brain concentrates in neuronal soma, dendrites, spines or unmyelinated axons, and is absent or low in glia, myelinated axons, or axon terminals. 4) RGS7-Gbeta5-R7BP complexes in brain extracts associate inefficiently with detergent-resistant lipid raft fractions with or without G protein activation. 5) R7BP and Gbeta5 protein levels are upregulated strikingly during the first 2-3 weeks of postnatal brain development. Accordingly, we suggest that R7-Gbeta5-R7BP complexes in the mouse or rat could regulate signaling by modulatory Gi/o-coupled GPCRs in the developing and adult nervous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Grabowska
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Viswanathan V, Mahesh U, Jayaraman M, Shina K, Ramachandram A. Beneficial role of granulocyte colony stimulating factor in foot infection in diabetic patients. J Assoc Physicians India 2003; 51:90-1. [PMID: 12693475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
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Meltzer PC, Wang B, Chen Z, Blundell P, Jayaraman M, Gonzalez MD, George C, Madras BK. Synthesis of 6- and 7- hydroxy-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes and their binding affinity for the dopamine and serotonin transporters. J Med Chem 2001; 44:2619-35. [PMID: 11472216 DOI: 10.1021/jm0101242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cocaine is a potent stimulant of the central nervous system. Its reinforcing and stimulant effects are related to its ability to inhibit the membrane bound dopamine transporter (DAT). Inhibition of the DAT causes an increase of dopamine in the synapse with a resultant activation of postsynaptic receptors. The rapid onset and short duration of action of cocaine contribute to its high addictive potential. Consequently, the design of tropane analogues of cocaine that display longer onset times on the DAT and extended duration of action is driven by the need to develop cocaine medication. This study extends the exploration of bridge hydroxylated azabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes (tropanes). A series of 6- and 7-hydroxylated tropanes was prepared and evaluated biologically. Structure activity relationships lead to the following conclusions. Bridge hydroxylated tropanes retain biological enantioselectivity but display higher DAT versus SERT selectivity, particularly for the 3 alpha-aryl compounds as compared with the 3beta-aryl compounds, than the bridge unsubstituted analogues. The 7-hydroxyl compounds are more potent at the DAT than their 6-hydroxyl counterparts. The general SAR of the tropanes is maintained and the rank order of potencies based on substitution at the C3 position remains 3,4-dichloro > 2-naphthyl > 4-fluoro > phenyl.
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Affiliation(s)
- P C Meltzer
- Organix Inc., 240 Salem Street, Woburn, Massachusetts 01801, USA.
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Viswanathan V, Zhu Y, Bala K, Dunn S, Snehalatha C, Ramachandran A, Jayaraman M, Sharma K. Association between ACE gene polymorphism and diabetic nephropathy in South Indian patients. JOP 2001; 2:83-7. [PMID: 11867868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the association of ACE gene polymorphism and diabetic nephropathy in South Indian subjects. SETTING Outpatient clinic of a specialized hospital. PATIENTS The study included 109 South Indian type 2 diabetic patients (72 males and 37 females; age 56.7 plus/minus 9.0 years, mean plus/minus SD). The patients were subdivided into two groups: nephropathic (n=86) and normoalbuminuric patients (n=23). INTERVENTIONS Genomic DNA was isolated from the peripheral blood leukocytes. To determine the ACE genotype, genomic DNA was amplified by PCR initially using a flanking primer pair and, subsequently when necessary, with a primer pair that recognizes the insertion specific sequence for confirmation of the specificity of the amplification reactions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES ACE genotype distribution in the two study groups. RESULTS In the nephropathic patients, ID and DD genotypes were present in 52.3% and 27.9% of the patients, respectively as compared to 34.8% and 21.7% respectively in those with normoalbuminuria. The D allele was present in 80.2% of the nephropathic patients and 56.5% of the normoalbuminuric patients (chi-squared=4.28, P=0.039; odds ratio 3.12). Therefore, the higher percentage of II genotype in the normoalbuminuric group was 43.5% as compared to the 19.8% in nephropathic patients. CONCLUSIONS This study showed a positive association between the D allele (ID and DD genotype) of the ACE polymorphism and diabetic proteinuria in South Indian type 2 diabetic patients. Our findings are in keeping with several earlier studies showing a strong association of the D allele of the ACE gene with diabetic nephropathy.
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Yesudian PD, Krishnan SG, Jayaraman M, Janaki VR, Yesudian P. Tufted angioma in a case of neurofibromatosis type I. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2001; 67:44-5. [PMID: 17664704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Tufted angiomas are rare benign tumours with a characteristic histopathological appearance. Their occurrence in neurofibromatosis type 1, a genodermatosis in which vascular malformations are not uncommon, has hitherto not been reported. Some of the characteristic features of tufted angiomas are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P D Yesudian
- Department of Dermatology, Madras Medical College and Government General Hospital, Chennai, India
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27
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Yesudian PD, Krishnan S, Jayaraman M, Janaki VR, Boopal Raj JM. Interface dermatitis in a patient with AIDS. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2000; 66:308-309. [PMID: 20877111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Interface dermatitis is a histological reaction pattern which is seen in a number of conditions. One of the recent associations of the histology is in Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. There are differentiating factors between interface dermatitis occurring in AIDS and those occurring in other conditions. These are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- P D Yesudian
- Department of Dermatology, Madras Medical College and Government General Hospital, Chennai, India
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Cushman M, Jayaraman M, Vroman JA, Fukunaga AK, Fox BM, Kohlhagen G, Strumberg D, Pommier Y. Synthesis of new indeno[1,2-c]isoquinolines: cytotoxic non-camptothecin topoisomerase I inhibitors. J Med Chem 2000; 43:3688-98. [PMID: 11020283 DOI: 10.1021/jm000029d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In an attempt to design and synthesize potential anticancer agents acting by inhibition of topoisomerase I (top1), a new series of indenoisoquinolines was prepared and tested for cytotoxicity in human cancer cell cultures and for activity against top1. The synthesis relied on the condensation of substituted Schiff bases with homophthalic anhydrides to produce cis-3-aryl-4-carboxyisoquinolones that were cyclized to indenoisoquinolines in the presence of thionyl chloride. Both top1 inhibitory activity and cytotoxicity maximized in a single compound, 6-[3-(2-hydroxyethyl)aminopropyl]-5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxy-8, 9-methylenedioxy-5,11-dioxo-11H-indeno[1,2-c]isoquinoline hydrochloride (19a), which proved to be a very potent top1 inhibitor having a 110 nM mean graph midpoint (MGM) when tested for cytotoxicity in 55 human cancer cell cultures. A number of structurally related indenoisoquinolines were also obtained that had both potent cytotoxicity as well as top1 inhibitory activity. The key feature of the more potent compounds was the presence of an aminoalkyl side chain on the indenoisoquinoline nitrogen atom. The DNA cleavage patterns induced by top1 in the presence of the indenoisoquinolines were different from those seen with camptothecin. Some of the cleavage sites induced by the indenoisoquinolines were different from those seen with camptothecin, and conversely, camptothecin induced unique cleavage sites not apparent with the indenoisoquinolines. However, both camptothecin and the indenoisoquinolines also induced DNA cleavage sites that were the same in both series but varied in intensity. In addition, some of the DNA cleavages seen with the free base of 19a (compound 18c) in the presence of top1 were inhibited at higher drug concentrations, suggesting either a direct inhibition of the enzyme or an alternative mechanism involving DNA intercalation. Consistent with intercalation, compound 18c did unwind DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cushman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmacal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
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Yesudia PD, Krishnan S, Jayaraman M, Janaki VR, Yesudian P. Epidermolysis bullosa pruriginosa. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2000; 66:249-250. [PMID: 20877091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Epidermolysis bullosa pruriginosa is a recently described variant of epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica. It is characterised by pruritic nodular prurigo like lesions, milia and with a histopathology of a subepidermal blister. We report 3 cases of this new variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- P D Yesudia
- Department of Dermatology, Chennai Medical College and Government General Hospital, Chennai, India
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Watson RL, Dowell SF, Jayaraman M, Keyserling H, Kolczak M, Schwartz B. Antimicrobial Use for Pediatric Upper Respiratory Infections. J Korean Med Assoc 2000. [DOI: 10.5124/jkma.2000.43.2.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Watson RL, Dowell SF, Jayaraman M, Keyserling H, Kolczak M, Schwartz B. Antimicrobial use for pediatric upper respiratory infections: reported practice, actual practice, and parent beliefs. Pediatrics 1999; 104:1251-7. [PMID: 10585974 DOI: 10.1542/peds.104.6.1251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In response to the dramatic emergence of resistant pneumococci, more judicious use of antibiotics has been advocated. Physician beliefs, their prescribing practices, and the attitudes of patients have been evaluated previously in separate studies. METHODS This 3-part study included a statewide mailed survey, office chart reviews, and parent telephone interviews. We compared survey responses of 366 licensed pediatricians and family physicians in Georgia to recently published recommendations on diagnosis and treatment of upper respiratory infections (URIs). We further evaluated 25 randomly selected pediatricians from 119 surveyed in the Atlanta metropolitan area. For each, charts from the first 30 patients between the ages of 12 and 72 months seen on a randomly selected date were reviewed for encounters during the preceding year. A sample of parents from each practice were interviewed by telephone. RESULTS In the survey, physicians agreed that overuse of antibiotics is a major factor contributing to the development of antibiotic resistance (97%), and that they should consider selective pressure for resistance in their decisions on providing antibiotic treatment for URIs in children in their practices (83%). However, many reported practices do not conform to the recently published principles for judicious antibiotic use. For example, 69% of physicians considered purulent rhinitis a diagnostic finding for sinusitis; 86% prescribed antibiotics for bronchitis regardless of the duration of cough; and 42% prescribed antibiotics for the common cold. Reported practices by family physicians were more often at odds with the published principles: they were significantly more likely than pediatricians to omit pneumatic otoscopy (46% vs 25%); to omit the requirement for prolonged symptoms to diagnose sinusitis (median 4 vs 10 days); and to omit laboratory testing for pharyngitis (27% vs 14%). Of the 7531 encounters analyzed in the chart review, 43% resulted in an antibiotic prescription, including 11% of checkups, 18% of telephone calls, and 72% of visits for URIs. There was wide variability in the overall antibiotic use rates among the 25 physicians (1-10 courses per child per year). There was an even wider variability in some diagnosis-specific rates; bronchitis and sinusitis in particular. Those with the highest antibiotic prescribing rates had up to 30% more return office visits. Physicians who prescribed antibiotics for purulent rhinitis were more likely to see parents who believed that their children should be evaluated for cold symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Physicians recognize the problem of antibiotic resistance but their reported practices are not in line with recently published recommendations for most pediatric URIs. The actual prescribing practices of pediatricians are often considerably different from their close colleagues. Patient beliefs are correlated with their own physician's practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Watson
- Respiratory Diseases Branch, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
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Abstract
A number of indenoisoquinolines were prepared and evaluated for cytotoxicity in human cancer cell cultures and for activity vs topoisomerase 1 (top1). The two most cytotoxic indenoisoquinolines proved to be cis-6-ethyl-5,6,12,13-tetrahydro-2,3-dimethoxy-8, 9-(methylenedioxy)-5,11-dioxo-11H-indeno[1,2-c]isoquinoline (21) and cis-6-allyl-5,6,12,13-tetrahydro-2,3-dimethoxy-8, 9-(methylenedioxy)-5,11-dioxo-11H-indeno[1,2-c]isoquinoline (22), both of which displayed submicromolar mean graph midpoints when tested in 55 human cancer cell cultures. Two of the most potent top1 inhibitors were 6-(3-carboxy-1-propyl)-5,6-dihydro-5, 11-dioxo-11H-indeno[1,2-c]isoquinoline (26) and 6-ethyl-2, 3-dimethoxy-8,9-(methylenedioxy)-11H-indeno[1,2-c]isoquinolinium chloride (27), both of which also inhibited top2, unwound DNA, and are assumed to be DNA intercalators. However, two additional potent top1 inhibitors, 6-allyl-5,6-dihydro-2,3-dimethoxy-8, 9-(methylenedioxy)-5,11-dioxo-11H-indeno[1,2-c]isoquinoline (13c) and 5,6-dihydro-6-(4-hydroxybut-1-yl)-2,3-dimethoxy-8, 9-methylenedioxy-5,11-dioxo-11H-indeno[1,2-c]isoquinoline (19a), did not unwind DNA and did not affect top2. Some of the DNA cleavage sites detected in the presence of the indenoisoquinolines were different from those seen with the camptothecins. The cleavage sites induced by the indenoisoquinolines were reversed by salt treatment, which is consistent with the reversible trapping of top1 cleavable complexes by the indenoisoquinolines. In general, the potencies of the indenoisoquinolines as top1 inhibitors did not correlate with their potencies as cytotoxic agents, as some of the most cytotoxic agents had little if any effect on top1. On the other hand, the most potent of the indenoisoquinolines vs top1 were not the most cytotoxic. In several cases, moderate activity was observed for both cytotoxicity and activity vs top1.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Strumberg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, USA
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Krishnan SS, Yesudian PD, Jayaraman M, Janaki VR, Boopalraj JM. Poikilodermatous mycosis fungoides. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1998; 64:199-200. [PMID: 20921766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S S Krishnan
- From the Department of Dermatology, Madras Medical College and Government General Hospital, Madras, India,
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Abstract
Proteinuria is a well known risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity. There has been no report on cardiovascular morbidity in Indian NIDDM patients with proteinuria. Hence this study has been undertaken to estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in South Indian NIDDM with proteinuria. We studied two groups of NIDDM patients with diabetes for > or = 5 years: group PR with persistent proteinuria of > 500 mg/day (n = 297) and group NPR with normoalbuminuria (albuminuria < or = 30 micrograms/mg creatinine)(n = 296), who reported for review during the study period. They were matched for age, duration of diabetes and BMI. The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, namely myocardial infarction, the presence of ischaemic heart disease and the history of coronary bypass surgery were compared in the two groups. The prevalence of hypertension was higher among the PR than the NPR patients (56.5 vs 24.7%, chi 2 = 61.3, P < 0.01). CVD were detected in 39.2% (n = 116) of the PR and 13.2% (n = 39) of the NPR groups. (chi 2 = 54.85, P < 0.001). The risk was thus three-fold higher in the PR group. Univariate analysis showed that in the proteinuric group, the prevalence of complications was higher in association with hypertension (45.8% vs 30.2%, chi 2 = 6.82, P = 0.009). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the factors associated with CVD were proteinuria (odds ratio 5.03), age (OR 1.08) and BMI (OR 1.07) while sex, age at onset of diabetes, duration of diabetes, hypertension, smoking, HbA1, serum creatinine, cholesterol and triglycerides did not show independent contribution. The study, highlights the high risk conferred by macroproteinuria in Indian NIDDM patients. This risk is found to be independent of the presence of associated hypertension.
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Ramesh A, Krishnan SG, Jayaraman M, Janaki VR, Boopalraj JM. Epidermodysplasia verruciformis. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1997; 63:238-240. [PMID: 20944340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Ramesh
- From the Department of Dermatology, Madras Medical College and Government General Hospital, Madras, India,
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Krishnan S, Yesudian DP, Jayaraman M, Janaki VR, Yesudian P. Malignant blue nevus. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1997; 63:183-185. [PMID: 20944318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Blue nevus represents an aberrant collection of functioning benign dermal melanocytes. Its malignant degeneration is rare and is regarded as a form of malignant melanoma. We report a case of 35-year old male with this rare condition whose primary lesion over left foot ulcerated and patient later succumbed to multiple metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Krishnan
- Department of Dermatology, Madras Medical College and Government General Hospital, Madras, India
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Nirmala I, Jayaraman M, Janaki VR, Boopalraj JM. Acantholytic dyskeratotic epidermal naevus. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1997; 63:114-116. [PMID: 20944291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A 43-year old male presented with unilateral warty papular eruptions of 20 years duration, involving the left side of trunk, left upper and lower limbs. There were also whitish macules intermingled with them. Histological features were compatible with Darier's disease. There was no evidence of any family history or palmar pits and nail changes typical of Darier's disease. We are reporting this case as acantholytic dyskeratotic epidermal naevus representing a mosaic form of Darier's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Nirmala
- Department of Dermatology, Madars Medical College and Government General Hospital, Madras, India
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Pemphigus is a group of vesiculobullous disorders in which the blisters usually heal with hyper or hypopigmentation. The appearance of acanthomata at sites of previous blisters has been noted in some cases. METHODS All cases of pemphigus admitted to the Madras Medical College hospitals during a 2-year period from March 1993 to March 1995 were taken into the study and screened for the presence of acanthomata. RESULTS Fifty-two cases of pemphigus were identified, 47 of pemphigus vulgaris and five of pemphigus foliaceus; and of these 13 developed acanthomata when the blisters healed. Ten of these cases were of pemphigus vulgaris and three were of pemphigus foliaceus; biopsy of these lesions showed hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, papillomatosis, and intraepidermal clefting. Immunofluorescence carried out in two of these acanthomata also showed intercellular fluorescence. CONCLUSIONS The occurrence of acanthomata in healed lesions of pemphigus is not uncommon; because histopathologic and immunofluorescence evidence of disease activity is present, cases of this sort require careful follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- P D Yesudian
- Department of Dermatology, Madras Medical College, Madras, India
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Prabhakara VG, Jayaraman M, Kamalam A, Yesudian P. Neurofibroma occurring in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1997; 63:109-110. [PMID: 20944289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Two female patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis presented with the complaint of papular skin lesions over the dorsal aspect of hands. Histopathological examination of papules showed the features of neurofibroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- V G Prabhakara
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital, Madras Medical College, Madras-600003, India
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Krishnan SS, Yesudian PD, Jayaraman M, Janaki VR, Raj JB. Atypical dyskeratosis congenita. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1997; 63:47-49. [PMID: 20944261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Dyskeratosis congenita is a syndrome characterised mainly by pigmentation and atrophy of skin, nail dystrophy and oral leucoplakia. We report a patient who had features consistent with this syndrome including skin atrophy and pigmentation, oral leucoplakia, oesophageal stricture, but with normal finger and toe nails. Even though many variants have been described in the literature sparing of the nails as in our patient is extremely uncommon.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Krishnan
- Department of Dermatology, Madras Medical College and Government General Hospital, Madras, India
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Jayaraman M, Yesudian DP, Janaki VR. Hypertrophic lichen planus simulating seborrhoeic keratosis. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1996; 62:409. [PMID: 20948150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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Jayaraman M, Janaki VR, Yesudian P. Eccrine poroma. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1996; 62:310-311. [PMID: 20948099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Eccrine poroma is a benign tumour, usually found over palms and soles. A 35-year-old lady presented with a raised nodule of 0.75 cm over the right palm. On excision biopsy it showed tumour masses consisting anastomosing bands with ductal lumina lined by an eosinophilic cuticle. A diagnosis of eccrine poroma was made. Due to paucity of reports in Indian literature we are reporting this case.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jayaraman
- Department of Dermatology, Madras Medical College. Madras-600003, India
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Jayaraman M, Somasundaram V. Unilateral atrophoderma vermiculatum. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1996; 62:320-321. [PMID: 20948104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Atrophoderma vermiculatum is an autosomal dominant disorder with small pitted scars over cheek and forehead. A 25-year-old male had multiple 1-2 mm sized pitted scars with ridges producing a reticulated honeycomb appearance on the left cheek since childhood. The lesions were unilateral and there was no other family member with similar lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jayaraman
- Department of Dermatology, Madras Medical College, Madras-600003, India
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Jayaraman M, Janaki VR, Yesudian P. Atypical fibroxanthoma in tuberous sclerosis. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1996; 62:316-317. [PMID: 20948102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Atypical fibroxanthoma is not an uncommon condition occurring in elderly on the sun exposed areas. We report a case of atypical fibroxanthoma in a patient with tuberous sclerosis. The lesion was excised surgically. There was no evidence of any metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jayaraman
- Department of Dermatology, Madras Medical College, Madras-600003, India
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Yesudian DP, Krishnan SG, Jayaraman M, Janaki VR, Raj BJ. Aggressive infantile fibromatosis. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1996; 62:327-328. [PMID: 20948107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
An 8-month-old infant presented with 2 ulcerated indurated plaques in the right lower limb. The lesions grew rapidly initially but for the last 2 months, they have been stationary. Biopsy showed proliferation of fusiform fibroblasts some of which were arranged in whorls. The clinical picture and the histopathology suggested the diagnosis of an aggressive infantile fibromatosis. This is one of the types of juvenile fibromatoses, a group of tumours characterised by fibrous tissue proliferation present at birth or acquired early in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Yesudian
- Department of Dermatology, Madras Medical College and Government General Hosptial, Madras, India
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Krishnan SG, Yesudian DP, Jayaraman M, Janaki VR, Raj BJ. Tuberous sclerosis. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1996; 62:239-241. [PMID: 20948066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Although tuberous sclerosis has been described with a diagnostic triad, it is not present consistently in all cases. Variety of skin manifestations were reported in tuberous sclerosis. This studay was undertaken to assess the frequency of various skin changes in tuberous sclerosis. Ten consecutive cases of tuberous sclerosis were studied. Angiofibroma was the commonest cutaneous manifestation. Atypical fibroxanthoma, dermatofibroma and neurofibroma were also noticed as interesting associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Krishnan
- Department of Dermatology, Madras Medical College and Government General Hospital, Madras, India
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Krishnan SG, Yesudian D, Jayaraman M, Janaki VR, Yesudian P. Mutilating acral keratoderma. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1996; 62:187-188. [PMID: 20948036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A 15-year-old male, born of non-consanguineous marriage started developing thickening of skin of sole of the both feet at the age of 7 which progressed to involve whole of both feet by 11th year. Patient later developed painful autoamputation of little toes of both feet due to pseudoainhum. Involvement of the palms was limited to a localised area over palmar aspect of right middle finger and was non-progressive. No other family member was affected. This may represent a variant of Vohwinkel's syndrome or the rarer form of acral keratoderma.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Krishnan
- Department of Dermatology, Madras Medical College and Government General Hospital, Madras, India
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Prabhakara VG, Jayaraman M, Kamalam A, Yesudian P. Chloroquine-induced photosensitive dermatoses. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1996; 62:165-166. [PMID: 20948025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Two female patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis were put on chloroquine 250 mg bid. After a period of 4 weeks, both of them developed photosensitive dermatitis. Following withdrawal of chloroqunie, both of them showed improvement in dermatitis gradually over a period of 3-4 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- V G Prabhakara
- Department of Dermatology, Madras Medical College, Madras-600003, India
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Krishnan SG, Yesudian DP, Jayaraman M, Janaki VR, Raj BJ. Keratoacanthoma masquerading as squamous cell carcinoma. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1996; 62:195-196. [PMID: 20948040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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