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Miller LC, Neupane S, Shrestha M, Joshi N, Lohani M, Thorne-Lyman A. Better Social-emotional Behavior in Young Nepali Children is Associated with Household Wealth, Child Age, and Family Participation in a Community Development Intervention. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2023; 21:197-206. [PMID: 38628015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Background Mental health and behavior problems are under-recognized in low- and middleincome countries, especially in young children. Early identification of these problems could encourage governments to address the shortages of child mental health professionals and promote early intervention programs to help children achieve their full developmental potential. Objective Describe the social-emotional development of young rural Nepali children; explore risk factors for poor development. Method The study was embedded in a longitudinal intervention trial comparing control households with those who received training in family nutrition+livestock management (Partial Package) or family nutrition+livestock management+community mobilization (Full Package). At midline, enumerators completed a 145-item household questionnaire, child anthropometry, and Administered the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-Social-Emotional (ASQ-SE) to all enrolled children age 33-47 months (n=310). Bivariate and regression analyses examined the relationship of child and household risk factors to administered the Ages and Stages QuestionnaireSocial-Emotional scores. Result Administered the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-Social-Emotional scores were below age cutoffs in 24% of children, suggesting worse social-emotional development. In bivariate analyses and the adjusted linear regression model, older child age, greater household wealth, and Full Package Intervention status were all associated with better social-emotional development scores. Partial Package Intervention status was associated with worse scores. Conclusion The Administered the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-Social-Emotional is a potential tool to assess child social-emotional development in the context of household and community level interventions. Further work is necessary to validate the administered the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-Social-Emotional and similar tools in Nepal, and to better understand the prevalence of challenges to optimal socialemotional development in young children in order to use this information to design and monitor needed interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, Tufts Medical Center and Friedman School of Nutrition, Science and Policy, Tufts University, 800 Washington St., Boston MA 02111, USA
| | - S Neupane
- Program Manager,Division of Poverty, Health, and Nutrition. International Food Policy Research Institute, Block C, NASC Complex, DPS Marg Opposite Todapur, Pusa, New Delhi 110012
| | - M Shrestha
- Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - N Joshi
- Senior Director of Asia Programs, Heifer International, 1 World Ave, Little Rock AR 72202, USA
| | - M Lohani
- Senior Vice President of Programs, Heifer International, 1 World Ave, Little Rock AR 72202, USA
| | - A Thorne-Lyman
- Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Room E2545, Baltimore, MD, 21205 USA
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Haque S, Jawed A, Akhter N, Dar SA, Khan F, Mandal RK, Areeshi MY, Lohani M, Wahid M. Acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin): a potent medicine for preventing COVID-19 deaths caused by thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24:9244-9245. [PMID: 33015764 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202009_23005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
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Lohani M, Majrashi M, Govindarajulu M, Patel M, Ramesh S, Bhattacharya D, Joshi S, Fadan M, Nadar R, Darien B, Maurice DV, Kemppainen B, Dhanasekaran M. Immunomodulatory actions of a Polynesian herb Noni (Morinda citrifolia) and its clinical applications. Complement Ther Med 2019; 47:102206. [PMID: 31780035 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.102206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Morinda citrifolia (Noni) is a popular traditional medicinal plant consumed in various forms in several countries around the world as a complementary and alternative treatment due to its established health benefits. Noni is rich in bioactive substances and has significantly exhibited pro-oxidant and immunomodulatory effects. In this review, we highlight the pharmacological basis related to the phytochemicals and polysaccharides present in Noni and its potential therapeutic effects. We screened electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus for scientific literature. Our results indicate that Noni is beneficial for various diseases with its crude extracts showing therapeutic benefit for a wide range of pathological diseases. We believe that further pharmacological and toxicological studies in addition to well-designed controlled clinical trials can validate Noni to be an effective and novel natural product for prophylactic and therapeutic use of several diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhukar Lohani
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL 36830, USA
| | - Mohammed Majrashi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 23881, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manoj Govindarajulu
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Mansi Patel
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Sindhu Ramesh
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Dwipayan Bhattacharya
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Sneha Joshi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Maali Fadan
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Rishi Nadar
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Benjamin Darien
- Department of Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Denzil V Maurice
- Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture, Clemson University, Clemson, 29634, USA
| | - Barbara Kemppainen
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL 36830, USA
| | - Muralikrishnan Dhanasekaran
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
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Abstract
Epidemiological and experimental studies have suggested the enhancement of asbestos-induced disease processes by simultaneous exposure to kerosene, its soot, and cigarette smoke in asbestos-exposed animals as well as in humans. To determine the influence of these factors on the genotoxic potential of asbestos, a micronucleus test was performed in Syrian hamster embryo fibroblasts (SHE) and human lymphocytes. To observe the specific chromosomal damages, multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was done in the lymphocytes from smokers and nonsmokers exposed in vitro to asbestos. Significantly higher numbers of micronuclei were observed in SHE cells after combined treatment with chrysotile and kerosene soot (111 micronuclei/1000 cells) in comparison to chrysotile and kerosene soot separately. Kinetochore staining revealed mainly clastogenic effects in all the cases. In human lymphocytes exposed in cultures to chrysotile and crocidolite the numbers of micronuclei were found higher in smokers than nonsmokers. Multicolor FISH assay suggested that asbestos fibers inflict high damage within 1q12 and in the region between 1cen and 1q12 of chromosome 1. In the exposed population of an asbestos cement factory, the highest genetic damage was found in the blood lymphocytes of exposed smokers. The study suggests that smokers occupationally exposed to asbestos and domestically to kerosene soot are at higher risk for the early development of asbestos-induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Rahman
- a Industrial Toxicology Research Center, Division of Fiber Toxicology , Lucknow , India
| | - E Dopp
- b Institute of Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Rostock , Rostock , Germany
| | - M Lohani
- a Industrial Toxicology Research Center, Division of Fiber Toxicology , Lucknow , India
| | - D Schiffmann
- b Institute of Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Rostock , Rostock , Germany
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5
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Mouli S, Nanayakkara G, AlAlasmari A, Eldoumani H, Fu X, Berlin A, Lohani M, Nie B, Arnold RD, Kavazis A, Smith F, Beyers R, Denney T, Dhanasekaran M, Zhong J, Quindry J, Amin R. The role of frataxin in doxorubicin-mediated cardiac hypertrophy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 309:H844-59. [PMID: 26209053 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00182.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a highly effective anti-neoplastic agent; however, its cumulative dosing schedules are clinically limited by the development of cardiotoxicity. Previous studies have attributed the cause of DOX-mediated cardiotoxicity to mitochondrial iron accumulation and the ensuing reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. The present study investigates the role of frataxin (FXN), a mitochondrial iron-sulfur biogenesis protein, and its role in development of DOX-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction. Athymic mice treated with DOX (5 mg/kg, 1 dose/wk with treatments, followed by 2-wk recovery) displayed left ventricular hypertrophy, as observed by impaired cardiac hemodynamic performance parameters. Furthermore, we also observed significant reduction in FXN expression in DOX-treated animals and H9C2 cardiomyoblast cell lines, resulting in increased mitochondrial iron accumulation and the ensuing ROS formation. This observation was paralleled in DOX-treated H9C2 cells by a significant reduction in the mitochondrial bioenergetics, as observed by the reduction of myocardial energy regulation. Surprisingly, similar results were observed in our FXN knockdown stable cell lines constructed by lentiviral technology using short hairpin RNA. To better understand the cardioprotective role of FXN against DOX, we constructed FXN overexpressing cardiomyoblasts, which displayed cardioprotection against mitochondrial iron accumulation, ROS formation, and reduction of mitochondrial bioenergetics. Lastly, our FXN overexpressing cardiomyoblasts were protected from DOX-mediated cardiac hypertrophy. Together, our findings reveal novel insights into the development of DOX-mediated cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shravanthi Mouli
- Department of Drug, Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Gayani Nanayakkara
- Department of Drug, Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Abdullah AlAlasmari
- Department of Drug, Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Haitham Eldoumani
- Department of Drug, Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Xiaoyu Fu
- Department of Drug, Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Avery Berlin
- Department of Drug, Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Madhukar Lohani
- Department of Drug, Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Ben Nie
- Department of Drug, Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Robert D Arnold
- Department of Drug, Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | | | - Forrest Smith
- Department of Drug, Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Ronald Beyers
- Auburn University MRI Research Center, Auburn, Alabama; and
| | - Thomas Denney
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; Auburn University MRI Research Center, Auburn, Alabama; and
| | - Muralikrishnan Dhanasekaran
- Department of Drug, Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Juming Zhong
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - John Quindry
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Rajesh Amin
- Department of Drug, Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama;
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Srivastava AK, Rai S, Srivastava MK, Lohani M, Mudiam MKR, Srivastava LP. Determination of 17 organophosphate pesticide residues in mango by modified QuEChERS extraction method using GC-NPD/GC-MS and hazard index estimation in Lucknow, India. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96493. [PMID: 24809911 PMCID: PMC4014508 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 162 samples of different varieties of mango: Deshehari, Langra, Safeda in three growing stages (Pre-mature, Unripe and Ripe) were collected from Lucknow, India, and analyzed for the presence of seventeen organophosphate pesticide residues. The QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) method of extraction coupled with gas chromatography was validated for pesticides and qualitatively confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The method was validated with different concentrations of mixture of seventeen organophosphate pesticides (0.05, 0.10, 0.50 mg kg(-1)) in mango. The average recovery varied from 70.20% to 95.25% with less than 10% relative standard deviation. The limit of quantification of different pesticides ranged from 0.007 to 0.033 mg kg(-1). Out of seventeen organophosphate pesticides only malathion and chlorpyriphos were detected. Approximately 20% of the mango samples have shown the presence of these two pesticides. The malathion residues ranged from ND-1.407 mg kg(-1) and chlorpyriphos ND-0.313 mg kg(-1) which is well below the maximum residues limit (PFA-1954). In three varieties of mango at different stages from unpeeled to peeled sample reduction of malathion and chlorpyriphos ranged from 35.48%-100% and 46.66%-100% respectively. The estimated daily intake of malathion ranged from 0.032 to 0.121 µg kg(-1) and chlorpyriphos ranged from zero to 0.022 µg kg(-1) body weight from three different stages of mango. The hazard indices ranged from 0.0015 to 0.0060 for malathion and zero to 0.0022 for chlorpyriphos. It is therefore indicated that seasonal consumption of these three varieties of mango may not pose any health hazards for the population of Lucknow, city, India because the hazard indices for malathion and chlorpyriphos residues were below to one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh K. Srivastava
- Pesticide Toxicology Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Govt. of India), Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, India
| | - Satyajeet Rai
- Pesticide Toxicology Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Govt. of India), Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, India
| | - M. K. Srivastava
- Pesticide Toxicology Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Govt. of India), Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, India
| | - M. Lohani
- Department of Biotechnology, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - M. K. R. Mudiam
- Pesticide Toxicology Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Govt. of India), Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, India
| | - L. P. Srivastava
- Pesticide Toxicology Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Govt. of India), Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, India
- * E-mail:
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7
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Lohani M, Ahuja M, Buabeid MA, Dean S, Dennis S, Suppiramaniam V, Kemppainen B, Dhanasekaran M. Anti-oxidative and DNA protecting effects of flavonoids-rich Scutellaria lateriflora. Nat Prod Commun 2013; 8:1415-1418. [PMID: 24354189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Scutellaria lateriflora (American skullcap), a native plant of North America, has been used by Americans and Europeans as a nerve tonic for more than 200 years. In vivo studies have shown anxiolytic activity ofS. lateriflora in animals and humans. However, the neuroprotective mechanisms ofS. lateriflora are not fully understood. Oxidative stress plays a vital role in the neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases such as anxiety, Alzheimer's disease, depression, and Parkinson's disease. Bioactive compounds present in various medicinal plants neutralize or scavenge toxic free radicals and thus suppress oxidative stress. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the antioxidant effects of S. lateriflora. The antioxidant potential of aqueous or ethanolic extracts of S. lateriflora was determined in mouse brain tissue using various biochemical assays. Protective effects of S. lateriflora against oxidative stress induced DNA fragmentation was determined using plasmid DNA. The ethanolic and aqueous extracts scavenged the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. The ethanolic extract reduced tert-butyl peroxide-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxides in the mouse brain homogenates. Furthermore, the ethanolic extract of S. lateriflora protected hydrogen peroxide-UV induced cleavage of supercoiled plasmid DNA. In conclusion, S. lateriflora exhibited significant antioxidant effects. The current findings posit S. lateriflora as one of the potential experimental herbal drugs that should be screened for its therapeutic potential against various oxidative stress associated mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhukar Lohani
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Manuj Ahuja
- Department of Pharmacal Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Manal A Buabeid
- Department of Pharmacal Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Schwartz Dean
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Shannon Dennis
- Department of Agronomy and Soils, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Vishnu Suppiramaniam
- Department of Pharmacal Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Barbara Kemppainen
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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8
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Lohani M, Ahuja M, Buabeid MA, Schwartz D, Shannon D, Suppiramaniam V, Kemppainen B, Dhanasekaran M. Anti-oxidative and DNA Protecting Effects of Flavonoids-rich Scutellaria Lateriflora. Nat Prod Commun 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1300801019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Scutellaria lateriflora (American skullcap), a native plant of North America, has been used by Americans and Europeans as a nerve tonic for more than 200 years. In vivo studies have shown anxiolytic activity of S. lateriflora in animals and humans. However, the neuroprotective mechanisms of S. lateriflora are not fully understood. Oxidative stress plays a vital role in the neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases such as anxiety, Alzheimer's disease, depression, and Parkinson's disease. Bioactive compounds present in various medicinal plants neutralize or scavenge toxic free radicals and thus suppress oxidative stress. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the antioxidant effects of S. lateriflora. The antioxidant potential of aqueous or ethanolic extracts of S. lateriflora was determined in mouse brain tissue using various biochemical assays. Protective effects of S. lateriflora against oxidative stress induced DNA fragmentation was determined using plasmid DNA. The ethanolic and aqueous extracts scavenged the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. The ethanolic extract reduced tert-butyl peroxide-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxides in the mouse brain homogenates. Furthermore, the ethanolic extract of S. lateriflora protected hydrogen peroxide-UV induced cleavage of supercoiled plasmid DNA. In conclusion, S. lateriflora exhibited significant antioxidant effects. The current findings posit S. lateriflora as one of the potential experimental herbal drugs that should be screened for its therapeutic potential against various oxidative stress associated mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhukar Lohani
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine
| | - Manuj Ahuja
- Department of Pharmacal Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Manal A Buabeid
- Department of Pharmacal Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Dean Schwartz
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine
| | - Dennis Shannon
- Department of Agronomy and Soils, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Vishnu Suppiramaniam
- Department of Pharmacal Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Barbara Kemppainen
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine
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Kumar Singh A, Lohani M, Parthsarthy R. Synthesis, characterization and anti-inflammatory activity of some 1, 3,4 -oxadiazole derivatives. Iran J Pharm Res 2013; 12:319-23. [PMID: 24250606 PMCID: PMC3813233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of five-membered heterocyclic rings were synthesized by the reaction between benzoyl chloride and various chlolro-nitro-benzoyl chlorides and semi carbazide to form (C1- C7) compounds and was tested for their anti-inflammatory activity determined by rat-paw-oedema method. All the synthesis compounds have been characterized by (1)HNMR, IR and Mass spectral data. The compounds were purified by column chromatography. All synthesized derivatives were determined by the carrageenan-induced rat-paw-oedema model for anti-inflammatory activity. The entire compound gives good response for the anti-inflammatory activity: [3-Chloro-N-[5-(3-Chloro-phenyl)-[1,3,4] oxadiazole-2yl] benzamide (C4), and [4-Nitro-N-[5-(4-Nitro-phenyl)-[1,3,4] oxadiazole-2yl] benzamide (C7). For this activity, indometacin was used as a standard drug and compared to new synthesized drugs. Some new synthesized drugs have shown better activities for the anti-inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Kumar Singh
- Kamla Nehru Institute of Management and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sultanpur up, India.
| | - M Lohani
- Integral University Luck now, Uttarpradesh India.
| | - R Parthsarthy
- Kamla Nehru Institute of Management and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sultanpur up, India.
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Srivastava RK, Rahman Q, Kashyap MP, Singh AK, Jain G, Jahan S, Lohani M, Lantow M, Pant AB. Nano-titanium dioxide induces genotoxicity and apoptosis in human lung cancer cell line, A549. Hum Exp Toxicol 2012; 32:153-66. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327112462725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- RK Srivastava
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Q Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - MP Kashyap
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India
| | - AK Singh
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India
| | - G Jain
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India
| | - S Jahan
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India
| | - M Lohani
- Department of Biotechnology, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - M Lantow
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - AB Pant
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India
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11
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Srivastava AK, Trivedi P, Srivastava MK, Lohani M, Srivastava LP. Monitoring of pesticide residues in market basket samples of vegetable from Lucknow City, India: QuEChERS method. Environ Monit Assess 2011; 176:465-72. [PMID: 20632088 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-010-1597-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2010] [Accepted: 06/23/2010] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The study was conducted on 20 vegetables including leafy, root, modified stem, and fruity vegetables like bitter gourd, jack fruit, french-bean, onion, colocassia, pointed gourd, capsicum, spinach, potato, fenugreek seeds, carrot, radish, cucumber, beetroot, brinjal, cauliflower, cabbage, tomato, okra, and bottle gourd. Forty-eight pesticides including 13 organochlorines (OCs), 17 organophosphates (OPs), 10 synthetic pyrethriods (SPs), and eight herbicides (H) pesticides were analyzed. A total number of 60 samples, each in triplicates, were analyzed using Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe method. The quantification was done by GC-ECD/NPD. The recovery varies from 70.22% to 96.32% with relative standard deviation (RSD) of 15%. However the limit of detection ranged from 0.001-0.009 mg kg(-1)for OCs, SPs, OPs, and H, respectively. Twenty-three pesticides were detected from total 48 analyzed pesticides in the samples with the range of 0.005-12.35 mg kg(-1). The detected pesticides were: Σ-HCH, Dicofol, Σ-Endosulfan, Fenpropathrin, Permethrin-II, β-cyfluthrin-II, Fenvalerate-I, Dichlorvos, Dimethoate, Diazinon, Malathion, Chlorofenvinfos, Anilophos, and Dimethachlor. In some vegetables like radish, cucumber, cauliflower, cabbage, and okra, the detected pesticides (Σ-HCH, Permethrin-II, Dichlorvos, and Chlorofenvinfos) were above maximum residues limit (MRL) (PFA 1954). However, in other vegetables the level of pesticide residues was either below detection limit or MRL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh K Srivastava
- Pesticide Toxicology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Govt. of India), P.O. Box 80, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, India
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12
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Lohani M, Ahmad AH, Singh KP, Verma S. Pharmacokinetics and Residual Studies of Florfenicol Following Multiple Dose Oral Administration in Poultry. Journal of Applied Animal Research 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2010.9707145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Lohani M, Maurice D, Scott T. Immunomodulatory effect of Avian 3000 in chickens. FASEB J 2009. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.907.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Denzil Maurice
- Animal and Veterinary SciencesClemson UniversityClemsonSC
| | - Thomas Scott
- Animal and Veterinary SciencesClemson UniversityClemsonSC
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Lohani M, Dopp E, Becker HH, Seth K, Schiffmann D, Rahman Q. Smoking enhances asbestos-induced genotoxicity, relative involvement of chromosome 1: a study using multicolor FISH with tandem labeling. Toxicol Lett 2002; 136:55-63. [PMID: 12368057 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4274(02)00260-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Several experimental and epidermological studies have indicated augmentation of asbestos induced diseases by cigarette smoke by the mechanisms, which are still unknown. To determine whether smoking affects genetic system of the cells and further modifies asbestos induced genotoxicity, whole blood from non-smokers and smokers was exposed to asbestos fibres separately in vitro and micronucleus test was performed. The number of micronuclei was found to be significantly higher (P<0 05) in cases of smoker's lymphocytes, asbestos exposed non-smokers lymphocytes as well as asbestos exposed smokers lymphocytes, as compared with unexposed non-smokers lymphocytes. Further we investigated involvement of chromosome 1 in the damaging process using multicolor FISH technique. FISH is fast and reliable method, distinguishing both structural and numerical alterations. The centric/pericentric regions of chromosome 1 (cen-q12) were labeled, as the pericentric heterochromatin region 1 (q12) is quite large, highly repetitive and prone to breakage. Multicolor FISH assay suggested that the genetic damage by asbestos fibres mainly involve chromosome 1 but in case of cigarette smoking the damage is not strictly connected to chromosome 1 only, but also involves damage to other chromosomes. Further the study suggested that smoking makes genetic system of the cells more vulnerable to the deleterious effects of asbestos.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lohani
- Division of Fibre Toxicology, Industrial Toxicology Research Center, M.G. Marg, Lucknow, India
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15
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Lohani M, Dopp E, Weiss DG, Schiffmann D, Rahman Q. Kerosene soot genotoxicity: enhanced effect upon co-exposure with chrysotile asbestos in Syrian hamster embryo fibroblasts. Toxicol Lett 2000; 114:111-6. [PMID: 10713475 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4274(99)00267-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological and experimental studies have suggested an enhancement of asbestos-induced bronchogenic carcinoma by cigarette smoke. Further, our recent experimental and epidemiological studies have indicated that besides smoking, several other compounds including kerosene soot may accelerate disease processes in asbestos-exposed animals as well as in the humans. Incomplete combustion of kerosene oil generates large volumes of soot, which contains various polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and aliphatic compounds. As reported earlier, exposure to kerosene soot is known to cause biochemical and pathological changes in the pulmonary tissue, which may cause cardiopulmonary disorders. In this study we investigated genotoxic effects caused by kerosene soot and chrysotile asbestos as well as co-exposure of kerosene soot and chrysotile using Syrian hamster embryo fibroblasts (SHE). The micronucleus assay revealed a significant increase of induced micronuclei (MN), (P</=0.05) in SHE cells after treatment with kerosene soot (0.5-1.0 microg/cm(2)) for 66 h (36 MN/1000 cells). Combined treatment with chrysotile and soot induced up to 110 MN/1000 cells (chrysotile alone: 80 MN/1000 cells; concentrations: 1 microg/cm(2), exposure times: 66 h). Kinetochore staining revealed mainly clastogenic effects in all cases (soot: 21.3% CRMN(+); chrysotile: 27%; soot+chrysotile: 27.6%; control: 20.8%). This is the first study showing that kerosene soot is not only genotoxic but it can also elevate the genotoxic potential of chrysotile asbestos. This information may be of importance for workers occupationally exposed to asbestos and domestically exposed to kerosene soot.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lohani
- Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, Division of Fibre Toxicology, Post Box 80, M. G. Marg, Lucknow, India
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16
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Pelant R, Chandra B, Pu J, Lohani M, Suknaphasawat N, Xu G. Small ruminants in development: the Heifer Project International experience in Asia. Small Rumin Res 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0921-4488(99)00077-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Abstract
A significant depletion in the content of glutathione (GSH) and alteration in GSH redox system enzymes were observed in the lung of chrysotile-exposed animals (5 mg) during different developmental stages of asbestosis. In the alveolar macrophages (AM) of exposed animals, the depletion in GSH started from day 1 and reached a maximum at day 16, whereas in lung tissue the maximum depletion was observed when fibrosis has matured. It appears that cellular GSH depletion triggers oxidative stress in the system as observed from increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) production and alteration in the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST), the enzymes regulating oxidative tone. The depletion in GSH was also observed in red blood cells (RBC) of the exposed animals reaching a maximum when fibrosis matured. Thus the observed depletion in GSH, ascorbic acid and alteration in GSH redox system enzymes may be involved in fibrosis and carcinogenesis induced by chrysotile.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Abidi
- Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, Lucknow, India
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