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Sąsiadek-Andrzejczak E, Jaszczak M, Kozicki M. Capsule Dosimeters for Ultraviolet Radiation Measurements on Coral Reefs and in Seawater. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:5734. [PMID: 37687427 PMCID: PMC10488686 DOI: 10.3390/ma16175734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
This work reports on the new chemical dosimeters for UV radiation dose measurements on coral reefs and in seawater. The proposed dosimeters can measure the actual dose of UV radiation, which consists of 95% UVA and 5% UVB radiation, unlike the currently-used radiometers in marine and ocean waters that measure the dose of UVA and UVB radiation separately. The dosimeters are composed of water, poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(propylene oxide)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (Pluronic F-127) as a gel matrix, and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) as a UV radiation-sensitive compound. In the work, the dosimeters were characterised in terms of their response to the dose of UV radiation depending on the TTC concentration and the irradiation and storage conditions of the dosimeters. The stability of the dosimeters over time was also examined. The obtained results indicate that the TTC-Pluronic F-127 dosimeters can be used to measure absorbed doses of UV radiation in the saltwater environment. The developed dosimeters with a concentration of 0.1% TTC can be used up to 5 J/cm2, which predisposes them to UV radiation measurements at a depth of more than 10 m in sea and ocean waters in 10-min intervals during all months throughout the year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Sąsiadek-Andrzejczak
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Informatics and Chemistry of Polymer Materials, Faculty of Material Technologies and Textile Design, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-543 Lodz, Poland; (M.J.); (M.K.)
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Jaszczak M, Sąsiadek-Andrzejczak E, Kozicki M. Discolouring 3D Gel Dosimeter for UV Dose Distribution Measurements. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15072546. [PMID: 35407878 PMCID: PMC8999840 DOI: 10.3390/ma15072546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This work reports on a new TBO–Pluronic F–127 three-dimensional (3D) gel dosimeter for UV light dose distribution measurements. The optimal gel composition was found to be 60 µM Toluidine Blue O (TBO), which acts as a UV-sensitive compound; 5% w/w hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is necessary for initiation of TBO photodegradation and 25% w/w poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(propylene oxide)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (Pluronic F–127), which forms a physical gel matrix. The dosimeter becomes discoloured when exposed to UV radiation and a discolouration is the more intense, the higher the absorbed dose is. The samples after irradiation with UVA, UVB and UVC radiation were measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometry to obtain the basic dose–response characteristic of the dosimeter, including dose sensitivity, linear and dynamic dose range, threshold dose, stability over time and dose–response for fractioned and non-fractioned doses. Additionally, the TBO–Pluronic F–127 gel dosimeter was investigated for spatial stability and the ability to measure the dose distribution of UV radiation. The results obtained indicate that the TBO–Pluronic F–127 dosimeter is a promising UV sensor and 2D/3D UV dosimeter.
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Maras P, Jaszczak M, Kozicki M. Basic features of VIC-T dosimeter with spiral CT readout, CT scanning conditions and data processing with a new polyGeVero-CT software package. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kozicki M, Jaszczak M, Maras P, Naglik R, Dudek M, Kadlubowski S, Wach R. Preliminary study on a 3D lung mimicking dosimeter based on Pluronic F-127 matrix. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Dudek M, Piotrowski M, Maras P, Jaszczak M, Kozicki M. Anisotropic diffusion of Fe ions in Fricke-XO-Pluronic F-127 and Fricke-XO-gelatine 3D radiotherapy dosimeters. Phys Med Biol 2021; 66. [PMID: 34192680 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ac101e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A new radiochromic dosimeter was examined with Raman spectroscopy and an optical approach for assessment of 3D dose distribution integrity. The acronym of the dosimeter is Fricke-XO-Pluronic F-127, where XO denotes xylenol orange; Pluronic F-127 is a copolymer matrix of poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(propylene oxide)-block-poly(ethylene oxide), and the dosimeter contains the components of a Fricke dosimetric solution. Two dosimeter samples in cuvettes were partially irradiated such that a radiation dose was absorbed at the bottom of the cuvettes. After irradiation, one sample was stored upside down such that the irradiated part was at the top and another one was stored with the irradiated part at the bottom. Two diffusion coefficients of ferric ion complexes with XO ([XO-Fe]+3) were calculated. They were compared with those for similar dosimeter, however with gelatine matrix instead of Pluronic F-127. The results obtained indicate an impact of the gravitational force on the diffusion of [XO-Fe]+3ions over time after irradiation and thus a possibility of severely undermining the integrity of a dose distribution in irradiated dosimeter. The conclusions drawn suggest the necessity of examination of different 3D Fricke dosimeter compositions for anisotropic diffusion of ferric ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dudek
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - M Piotrowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - P Maras
- Medical Physics Department, Copernicus Hospital, Lodz, Poland
| | - M Jaszczak
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Informatics and Chemistry of Polymer Materials, Faculty of Materials Technologies and Textile Design, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - M Kozicki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Informatics and Chemistry of Polymer Materials, Faculty of Materials Technologies and Textile Design, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland.,GeVero Co., Lodz, Poland
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Kozicki M, Jaszczak M, Dudek M, Maras P. Laser Light Trapping Phenomenon in a 3D Radiotherapy Polymer Gel Dosimeter. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14143961. [PMID: 34300879 PMCID: PMC8303211 DOI: 10.3390/ma14143961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
This paper aims to explain the phenomenon of laser light trapping (LLT) in a 3D polymer gel dosimeter. A VIC-T polymer gel dosimeter containing 17% N-vinylpyrrolidone, 8% N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide, 12% tert-butyl alcohol, 5% gelatine, 0.02% hydroquinone and 14 mM tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride was used in this study. It was exposed to green laser light with a wavelength of 532 nm. A film was recorded during the exposure. After exposure, Raman spectroscopy was used to study the reactions taking place inside the dosimeter. The obtained results were used to explain what the LLT phenomenon is, what are the consequences for the dosimeter in which such a phenomenon occurs, and what dosimeter components play an important role in the occurrence of LLT. In addition, the conditions under which 3D polymer gel dosimeters can be measured using optical computed tomography at short wavelengths of visible laser light are indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Kozicki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Informatics and Chemistry of Polymer Materials, Lodz University of Technology, 90-543 Lodz, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Malwina Jaszczak
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Informatics and Chemistry of Polymer Materials, Lodz University of Technology, 90-543 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Mariusz Dudek
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Piotr Maras
- Medical Physics Department, Copernicus Hospital, 93-513 Lodz, Poland;
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Sąsiadek E, Jaszczak M, Skwarek J, Kozicki M. NBT-Pluronic F-127 Hydrogels Printed on Flat Textiles as UV Radiation Sensors. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14123435. [PMID: 34205722 PMCID: PMC8235756 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work reports on the surface-modified woven fabrics for use as UV radiation sensors. The cotton and polyamide fabrics were printed with radiochromic hydrogels using a screen-printing method. The hydrogels used as a printing paste were composed of water, poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(propylene oxide)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (Pluronic F-127) as a gel matrix and nitro blue tetrazolium chloride as a radiation-sensitive compound. The development of the hydrogels' colour occurs after exposure to UV radiation and its intensity increases with increasing absorbed dose. The features of the NBT-Pluronic F-127 radiochromic hydrogels and the fabrics printed with the hydrogels were examined using UV-Vis and reflectance spectrophotometry as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of NBT concentration and UV radiation type (UVA, UVB, UVC) on dose responses of the hydrogels and printed fabrics were also examined. The results obtained reveal that the fabrics printed with NBT-Pluronic F-127 hydrogels can be potentially useful as UV radiation sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Sąsiadek
- Correspondence: (E.S.); (M.J.); Tel.: +48-42-631-33-83 (E.S.); +48-42-631-33-76 (M.J.)
| | - Malwina Jaszczak
- Correspondence: (E.S.); (M.J.); Tel.: +48-42-631-33-83 (E.S.); +48-42-631-33-76 (M.J.)
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Jaszczak M, Maras P, Kozicki M. Characterization of a new N-vinylpyrrolidone-containing polymer gel dosimeter with Pluronic F-127 gel matrix. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.109125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Dudek M, Rosowski A, Kozanecki M, Jaszczak M, Szymański W, Sharp M, Karczemska A. Microstructures Manufactured in Diamond by Use of Laser Micromachining. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:ma13051199. [PMID: 32155957 PMCID: PMC7085071 DOI: 10.3390/ma13051199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Different microstructures were created on the surface of a polycrystalline diamond plate (obtained by microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition—MW PECVD process) by use of a nanosecond pulsed DPSS (diode pumped solid state) laser with a 355 nm wavelength and a galvanometer scanning system. Different average powers (5 to 11 W), scanning speeds (50 to 400 mm/s) and scan line spacings (“hatch spacing”) (5 to 20 µm) were applied. The microstructures were then examined using scanning electron microscopy, confocal microscopy and Raman spectroscopy techniques. Microstructures exhibiting excellent geometry were obtained. The precise geometries of the microstructures, exhibiting good perpendicularity, deep channels and smooth surfaces show that the laser microprocessing can be applied in manufacturing diamond microfluidic devices. Raman spectra show small differences depending on the process parameters used. In some cases, the diamond band (at 1332 cm−1) after laser modification of material is only slightly wider and shifted, but with no additional peaks, indicating that the diamond is almost not changed after laser interaction. Some parameters did show that the modification of material had occurred and additional peaks in Raman spectra (typical for low-quality chemical vapor deposition CVD diamond) appeared, indicating the growing disorder of material or manufacturing of the new carbon phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Dudek
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 1/15 Stefanowskiego Street, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (M.D.); (W.S.)
| | - Adam Rosowski
- SPI Lasers, 3 Wellington Park, Tollbar Way, Hedge End, Southampton, Hampshire SO30 2QU, UK;
- Institute for Manufacturing, University of Cambridge, 17 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Marcin Kozanecki
- Department of Molecular Physics, Lodz University of Technology, 116 Zeromskiego Street, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Malwina Jaszczak
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Informatics and Chemistry of Polymer Materials, Lodz University of Technology, 116 Zeromskiego Street, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Witold Szymański
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 1/15 Stefanowskiego Street, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (M.D.); (W.S.)
| | - Martin Sharp
- General Engineering Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK;
| | - Anna Karczemska
- Institute of Turbomachinery, Lodz University of Technology, 219/223 Wolczanska Street, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Kouvati K, Jaszczak M, Papagiannis P, Kadlubowski S, Wach R, Maras P, Dudek M, Kozicki M. Leuco crystal violet-Pluronic F-127 3D radiochromic gel dosimeter. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 64:175017. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ab2f5d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Kozicki M, Jaszczak M, Kwiatos K, Maras P, Kadlubowski S, Wach R, Dudek M. Three-dimensional radiochromic and polymer gel dosimeters with Pluronic F-127 matrix – a review of current research. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1305/1/012035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Jaszczak M, Kolesińska B, Wach R, Maras P, Dudek M, Kozicki M. Examination of THPC as an oxygen scavenger impacting VIC dosimeter thermal stability and comparison of NVP-containing polymer gel dosimeters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 64:035019. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aafa86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Jaszczak M, Wach R, Maras P, Dudek M, Kozicki M. Substituting gelatine with Pluronic F-127 matrix in 3D polymer gel dosimeters can improve nuclear magnetic resonance, thermal and optical properties. Phys Med Biol 2018; 63:175010. [PMID: 30102250 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aad9d5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This work discusses the substitution of a gelatine physical gel matrix with a matrix made of poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(propylene oxide)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (Pluronic F-127) in five 3D radiotherapy polymer gel dosimeters: MAGAT, PAGAT, NIPAM, VIPARnd (VIP) and VIPARCT (VIC). The current research outcomes showed that not each polymer gel dosimeter could be manufactured with Pluronic F-127. Two of the polymer gel dosimeters (PAGAT and VIP) containing the Pluronic F-127 matrix allowed for some proper dose response for radiotherapy dosimetry (a response to a dose range of e.g. 0‒50 Gy). The new best performing Pluronic-based polymer gel dosimeters were characterised by improved nuclear magnetic resonance properties, when being compared to gels with gelatine matrix at the same monomer content. These are: (i) a ~33% higher dose sensitivity; (ii) a comparable or slightly higher linear and dynamic dose range and (iii) a lower (new VIP composition, VIP3) or equivocal (new PAGAT composition, PAGAT2-Pluronic) dose threshold. However, there might be optimised gelatine based polymer dosimeters demonstrating even better sensitivity. UV-vis spectrophotometry measurements revealed that Pluronic matrices ensure six-times lower (VIP3-Pluronic) and eight-times lower (PAGAT2-Pluronic) absorbance (at 400 nm) of non-irradiated gels compared to gelatine matrices, which makes the new polymer gel dosimeters optically improved in comparison to their corresponding gelatine-based compositions. The differences in absorption reduce for higher wavelengths. Differential scanning calorimetry measurements revealed the following temperature stability ranges for the gels: (i) VIP with gelatine matrix: 0 °C‒26 °C, (ii) VIP3 with Pluronic matrix: 13.8 °C-55.2 °C, (iii) PAGAT2 with gelatine matrix: 0 °C-80 °C and (iv) PAGAT2 with Pluronic matrix: 21.4 °C-55.2 °C. In conclusion, Pluronic F-127 is an attractive co-polymer to serve as a substitute for the gelatine matrix in some 3D polymer gel dosimeters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malwina Jaszczak
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
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Kozicki M, Jaszczak M, Maras P, Dudek M, Cłapa M. On the development of a VIPARndradiotherapy 3D polymer gel dosimeter. Phys Med Biol 2017; 62:986-1008. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aa5089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Zagulski T, Jarzabek Z, Zagulska A, Jaszczak M, Kochanowska IE, Zimecki M. Lactoferrin stimulates killing and clearance of bacteria but does not prevent mortality of diabetic mice. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2002; 49:431-8. [PMID: 11814237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
We have previously shown that bovine lactoferrin (BLF) given intravenously (i.v.) protected mice against a lethal dose of Escherichia coli and strongly stimulated both the clearing and killing activities in liver, lungs, spleen and kidney. Since some studies indicated a reduction of the manifestation of experimental pancreatitis with lactoferrin (LF), we decided to examine the protective activity of BLF against lethal E. coli infection in animals with alloxan (Alx)-induced diabetes. It appeared that 48 h diabetes substantially lowered the killing activity in all four organs as well as the clearing rate of E. coli from the circulation. BLF given i.v. reduced this undesirable effect of diabetes. However, in 10- and 20-day diabetic animals, the diabetes alone stimulated the killing activity in the organs investigated, and upregulated the clearing rate of E. coli from the circulation. Lactoferrin significantly increased both the killing and the clearing activity in these long-term diabetic animals. In some cases the stimulating effect of BLF was very high, suggesting a concerted action of BLF and diabetes in that category of mice. Despite these beneficial effects of BLF and diabetes on the killing process in the investigated organs, the survival time of animals from all the diabetic groups (48 h, 10 and 20 days) was not prolonged by BLF. The protective properties of BLF did not depend on the blood glucose levels in the diabetic animals. BLF partly delayed the development of experimental Alx-induced diabetes, measured by the glucose level, but only if administered shortly after Alx injection. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the state of diabetes alone could increase killing of bacteria in the investigated organs and LF enhanced this process. However, LF had no protective effect against the mortality of diabetic mice infected with a lethal dose of E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Zagulski
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wó1ka Kosowska.
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