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Curran BM, Nickerson KR, Yung AR, Goodrich LV, Jaworski A, Tessier-Lavigne M, Ma L. Multiple Guidance Mechanisms Control Axon Growth to Generate Precise T-shaped Bifurcation during Dorsal Funiculus Development in the Spinal Cord. bioRxiv 2024:2023.11.17.567638. [PMID: 38014092 PMCID: PMC10680847 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.17.567638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The dorsal funiculus in the spinal cord relays somatosensory information to the brain. It is made of T-shaped bifurcation of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory axons. Our previous study has shown that Slit signaling is required for proper guidance during bifurcation, but loss of Slit does not affect all DRG axons. Here, we examined the role of the extracellular molecule Netrin-1 (Ntn1). Using wholemount staining with tissue clearing, we showed that mice lacking Ntn1 have axons escaping from the dorsal funiculus at the time of bifurcation. Genetic labeling confirmed that these misprojecting axons come from DRG neurons. Single axon analysis showed that loss of Ntn1 does not affect bifurcation but rather alters turning angles. To distinguish their guidance functions, we examined mice with triple deletion of Ntn1, Slit1, and Slit2 and found a completely disorganized dorsal funiculus. Comparing mice with different genotypes using immunolabeling and single axon tracing revealed additive guidance errors, demonstrating the independent roles of Ntn1 and Slit. Moreover, the same defects were observed in embryos lacking their cognate receptors. These in vivo studies thus demonstrate the presence of multi-factorial guidance mechanisms that ensure proper formation of a common branched axonal structure during spinal cord development.
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2
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Serini G, Valdembri D, Zanivan S, Morterra G, Burkhardt C, Caccavari F, Zammataro L, Primo L, Tamagnone L, Logan M, Tessier-Lavigne M, Taniguchi M, Püschel AW, Bussolino F. Editorial Expression of Concern: Class 3 semaphorins control vascular morphogenesis by inhibiting integrin function. Nature 2024; 627:E7. [PMID: 38383792 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07195-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Guido Serini
- Division of Molecular Angiogenesis, IRCC, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, and Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy.
| | - Donatella Valdembri
- Division of Molecular Angiogenesis, IRCC, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, and Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Sara Zanivan
- Division of Molecular Angiogenesis, IRCC, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, and Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Giulia Morterra
- Division of Molecular Angiogenesis, IRCC, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, and Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Constanze Burkhardt
- Abt. Molekularbiologie Institut für Allgemeine Zoologie und Genetik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany
| | - Francesca Caccavari
- Division of Molecular Angiogenesis, IRCC, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, and Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Luca Zammataro
- Division of Molecular Angiogenesis, IRCC, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, and Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Luca Primo
- Division of Molecular Angiogenesis, IRCC, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, and Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Luca Tamagnone
- Division of Molecular Oncology, IRCC, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, and Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Malcolm Logan
- Division of Developmental Biology, National Institute for Medical Research, London, UK
| | - Marc Tessier-Lavigne
- Department of Biological Sciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Masahiko Taniguchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Andreas W Püschel
- Abt. Molekularbiologie Institut für Allgemeine Zoologie und Genetik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany
| | - Federico Bussolino
- Division of Molecular Angiogenesis, IRCC, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, and Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy.
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3
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Lu X, le Noble F, Yuan L, Jiang Q, de Lafarge B, Sugiyama D, Bréant C, Claes F, De Smet F, Thomas JL, Autiero M, Carmeliet P, Tessier-Lavigne M, Eichmann A. Editorial Expression of Concern: The netrin receptor UNC5B mediates guidance events controlling morphogenesis of the vascular system. Nature 2024; 625:E12. [PMID: 38110575 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06944-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | | | - Li Yuan
- INSERM U 36, Collège de France, Paris, France
| | - Quingjan Jiang
- INSERM U 36, Collège de France, Paris, France
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | | | - Filip Claes
- Center for Transgene Technology & Gene Therapy, Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederik De Smet
- Center for Transgene Technology & Gene Therapy, Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jean- Léon Thomas
- Inserm U495, IFR Neurosciences, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Monica Autiero
- Center for Transgene Technology & Gene Therapy, Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Center for Transgene Technology & Gene Therapy, Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marc Tessier-Lavigne
- Department of Biological Sciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
- Genentech Inc., 1 DNAWay, South San Francisco, California, USA.
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4
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Nikolaev A, McLaughlin T, O'Leary DDM, Tessier-Lavigne M. Retraction Note: APP binds DR6 to trigger axon pruning and neuron death via distinct caspases. Nature 2024; 625:204. [PMID: 38110576 PMCID: PMC10872530 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06943-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly Nikolaev
- Division of Research, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California, 94080, USA
| | - Todd McLaughlin
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA
| | - Dennis D M O'Leary
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA
| | - Marc Tessier-Lavigne
- Division of Research, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California, 94080, USA.
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5
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Yang J, Weimer RM, Kallop D, Olsen O, Wu Z, Renier N, Uryu K, Tessier-Lavigne M. Regulation of Axon Degeneration after Injury and in Development by the Endogenous Calpain Inhibitor Calpastatin. Neuron 2023; 111:3698. [PMID: 37972564 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
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6
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Yaron A, Huang PH, Cheng HJ, Tessier-Lavigne M. Differential Requirement for Plexin-A3 and -A4 in Mediating Responses of Sensory and Sympathetic Neurons to Distinct Class 3 Semaphorins. Neuron 2023; 111:3697. [PMID: 37977660 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
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7
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Hong K, Hinck L, Nishiyama M, Poo MM, Tessier-Lavigne M, Stein E. Retraction Notice to: A Ligand-Gated Association between Cytoplasmic Domains of UNC5 and DCC Family Receptors Converts Netrin-Induced Growth Cone Attraction to Repulsion. Cell 2023; 186:4256. [PMID: 37669666 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
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8
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Bhosle VK, Tan JM, Li T, Hua R, Kwon H, Li Z, Patel S, Tessier-Lavigne M, Robinson LA, Kim PK, Brumell JH. SLIT2/ROBO1 signaling suppresses mTORC1 for organelle control and bacterial killing. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202301964. [PMID: 37311584 PMCID: PMC10264968 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202301964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
SLIT/ROBO signaling impacts many aspects of tissue development and homeostasis, in part, through the regulation of cell growth and proliferation. Recent studies have also linked SLIT/ROBO signaling to the regulation of diverse phagocyte functions. However, the mechanisms by which SLIT/ROBO signaling acts at the nexus of cellular growth control and innate immunity remain enigmatic. Here, we show that SLIT2-mediated activation of ROBO1 leads to inhibition of mTORC1 kinase activity in macrophages, leading to dephosphorylation of its downstream targets, including transcription factor EB and ULK1. Consequently, SLIT2 augments lysosome biogenesis, potently induces autophagy, and robustly promotes the killing of bacteria within phagosomes. Concordant with these results, we demonstrate decreased lysosomal content and accumulated peroxisomes in the spinal cords of embryos from Robo1 -/- , Robo2 -/- double knockout mice. We also show that impediment of auto/paracrine SLIT-ROBO signaling axis in cancer cells leads to hyperactivation of mTORC1 and inhibition of autophagy. Together, these findings elucidate a central role of chemorepellent SLIT2 in the regulation of mTORC1 activity with important implications for innate immunity and cancer cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikrant K Bhosle
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Joel Mj Tan
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Taoyingnan Li
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Rong Hua
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hyunwoo Kwon
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Zhubing Li
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sajedabanu Patel
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Marc Tessier-Lavigne
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lisa A Robinson
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Division of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Peter K Kim
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - John H Brumell
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- SickKids IBD Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
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9
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Bechara A, Nawabi H, Moret F, Yaron A, Weaver E, Bozon M, Abouzid K, Guan JL, Tessier-Lavigne M, Lemmon V, Castellani V. FAK-MAPK-dependent adhesion disassembly downstream of L1 contributes to semaphorin3A-induced collapse. EMBO J 2023; 42:e113962. [PMID: 37098881 PMCID: PMC10183813 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2023113962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
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10
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Ruiz de Almodovar C, Fabre PJ, Knevels E, Coulon C, Segura I, Haddick PCG, Aerts L, Delattin N, Strasser G, Oh WJ, Lange C, Vinckier S, Haigh J, Fouquet C, Gu C, Alitalo K, Castellani V, Tessier-Lavigne M, Chedotal A, Charron F, Carmeliet P. VEGF Mediates Commissural Axon Chemoattraction through Its Receptor Flk1. Neuron 2023; 111:1348. [PMID: 37080170 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
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11
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Maier V, Jolicoeur C, Rayburn H, Takegahara N, Kumanogoh A, Kikutani H, Tessier-Lavigne M, Wurst W, Friedel RH. Corrigendum to Semaphorin 4C and 4G are ligands of Plexin-B2 required in cerebellar development [Mol. Cell. Neurosci., 2011 Feb;46(2):419-31]. Mol Cell Neurosci 2023:103837. [PMID: 36878826 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2023.103837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Viola Maier
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Center Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christine Jolicoeur
- Department of Biological Sciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Helen Rayburn
- Department of Biological Sciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Noriko Takegahara
- Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kumanogoh
- Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kikutani
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Marc Tessier-Lavigne
- Department of Biological Sciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Division of Research, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Wolfgang Wurst
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Center Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany; Lehrstuhl für Entwicklungsgenetik, Technical University of Munich, c/o Helmholtz Center Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Roland H Friedel
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Center Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
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12
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Gura T, Acker-Palmer A, Kolodkin A, Meijers R, Mizuno N, Seiradake E, Tessier-Lavigne M. Molecular neuroscience community shares perspectives. Neuron 2022; 110:3656-3660. [PMID: 36356578 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In May, an interdisciplinary group gathered in Crete for the Molecular Neurobiology Workshop. Scientists shared data acquired by vastly diverse techniques to understand how the nervous system, with only a limited number of components, is assembled to respond to infinite stimuli. Ideas of molecular cues, timing, switching, and context emerged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trisha Gura
- Institute for Protein Innovation, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Amparo Acker-Palmer
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Goethe University Frankfurt and Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Alex Kolodkin
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rob Meijers
- Institute for Protein Innovation, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Naoko Mizuno
- Laboratory of Structural Cell Biology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elena Seiradake
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford and Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Oxford, UK
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13
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Simon DJ, Belsky DM, Bowen ME, Ohn CYJ, O'Rourke MK, Shen R, Kim G, Pitts J, Attardi LD, Tessier-Lavigne M. An anterograde pathway for sensory axon degeneration gated by a cytoplasmic action of the transcriptional regulator P53. Dev Cell 2021; 56:976-984.e3. [PMID: 33823136 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Axon remodeling through sprouting and pruning contributes to the refinement of developing neural circuits. A prominent example is the pruning of developing sensory axons deprived of neurotrophic support, which is mediated by a caspase-dependent (apoptotic) degeneration process. Distal sensory axons possess a latent apoptotic pathway, but a cell body-derived signal that travels anterogradely down the axon is required for pathway activation. The signaling mechanisms that underlie this anterograde process are poorly understood. Here, we show that the tumor suppressor P53 is required for anterograde signaling. Interestingly loss of P53 blocks axonal but not somatic (i.e., cell body) caspase activation. Unexpectedly, P53 does not appear to have an acute transcriptional role in this process and instead appears to act in the cytoplasm to directly activate the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in axons. Our data support the operation of a cytoplasmic role for P53 in the anterograde death of developing sensory axons.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Simon
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Deanna M Belsky
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Margot E Bowen
- Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Christine Y J Ohn
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Rebecca Shen
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Garam Kim
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jason Pitts
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Laura D Attardi
- Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Marc Tessier-Lavigne
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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14
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Ankawa R, Goldberger N, Yosefzon Y, Koren E, Yusupova M, Rosner D, Feldman A, Baror-Sebban S, Buganim Y, Simon DJ, Tessier-Lavigne M, Fuchs Y. Apoptotic cells represent a dynamic stem cell niche governing proliferation and tissue regeneration. Dev Cell 2021; 56:1900-1916.e5. [PMID: 34197726 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells (SCs) play a key role in homeostasis and repair. While many studies have focused on SC self-renewal and differentiation, little is known regarding the molecular mechanism regulating SC elimination and compensation upon loss. Here, we report that Caspase-9 deletion in hair follicle SCs (HFSCs) attenuates the apoptotic cascade, resulting in significant temporal delays. Surprisingly, Casp9-deficient HFSCs accumulate high levels of cleaved caspase-3 and are improperly cleared due to an essential caspase-3/caspase-9 feedforward loop. These SCs are retained in an apoptotic-engaged state, serving as mitogenic signaling centers by continuously releasing Wnt3 and instructing proliferation. Investigating the underlying mechanism, we reveal a caspase-3/Dusp8/p38 module responsible for Wnt3 induction, which operates in both normal and Casp9-deleted HFSCs. Notably, Casp9-deleted mice display accelerated wound repair and de novo hair follicle regeneration. Taken together, we demonstrate that apoptotic cells represent a dynamic SC niche, from which emanating signals drive SC proliferation and tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roi Ankawa
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Nitzan Goldberger
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yahav Yosefzon
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Elle Koren
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Marianna Yusupova
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Daniel Rosner
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Alona Feldman
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Shulamit Baror-Sebban
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yosef Buganim
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David J Simon
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Yaron Fuchs
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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15
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Maor-Nof M, Shipony Z, Lopez-Gonzalez R, Nakayama L, Zhang YJ, Couthouis J, Blum JA, Castruita PA, Linares GR, Ruan K, Ramaswami G, Simon DJ, Nof A, Santana M, Han K, Sinnott-Armstrong N, Bassik MC, Geschwind DH, Tessier-Lavigne M, Attardi LD, Lloyd TE, Ichida JK, Gao FB, Greenleaf WJ, Yokoyama JS, Petrucelli L, Gitler AD. p53 is a central regulator driving neurodegeneration caused by C9orf72 poly(PR). Cell 2021; 184:689-708.e20. [PMID: 33482083 PMCID: PMC7886018 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a GGGGCC repeat expansion in the C9orf72 gene. We developed a platform to interrogate the chromatin accessibility landscape and transcriptional program within neurons during degeneration. We provide evidence that neurons expressing the dipeptide repeat protein poly(proline-arginine), translated from the C9orf72 repeat expansion, activate a highly specific transcriptional program, exemplified by a single transcription factor, p53. Ablating p53 in mice completely rescued neurons from degeneration and markedly increased survival in a C9orf72 mouse model. p53 reduction also rescued axonal degeneration caused by poly(glycine-arginine), increased survival of C9orf72 ALS/FTD-patient-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived motor neurons, and mitigated neurodegeneration in a C9orf72 fly model. We show that p53 activates a downstream transcriptional program, including Puma, which drives neurodegeneration. These data demonstrate a neurodegenerative mechanism dynamically regulated through transcription-factor-binding events and provide a framework to apply chromatin accessibility and transcription program profiles to neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Maor-Nof
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Zohar Shipony
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Lisa Nakayama
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yong-Jie Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Julien Couthouis
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jacob A Blum
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Patricia A Castruita
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gabriel R Linares
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kai Ruan
- Department of Neurology, Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gokul Ramaswami
- Department of Neurology, Program in Neurogenetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David J Simon
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Aviv Nof
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Manuel Santana
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kyuho Han
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Michael C Bassik
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Department of Neurology, Program in Neurogenetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Laura D Attardi
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Thomas E Lloyd
- Department of Neurology, Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Justin K Ichida
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fen-Biao Gao
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - William J Greenleaf
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer S Yokoyama
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Aaron D Gitler
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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16
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Keyes PC, Adams EL, Chen Z, Bi L, Nachtrab G, Wang VJ, Tessier-Lavigne M, Zhu Y, Chen X. Orchestrating Opiate-Associated Memories in Thalamic Circuits. Neuron 2020; 107:1113-1123.e4. [PMID: 32679036 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Disrupting memories that associate environmental cues with drug experiences holds promise for treating addiction, yet accessing the distributed neural network that stores such memories is challenging. Here, we show that the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) orchestrates the acquisition and maintenance of opiate-associated memories via projections to the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) and nucleus accumbens (NAc). PVT→CeA activity associates morphine reward to the environment, whereas transient inhibition of the PVT→NAc pathway during retrieval causes enduring protection against opiate-primed relapse. Using brain-wide activity mapping, we revealed distributed network activities that are altered in non-relapsing mice, which enabled us to find that activating the downstream NAc→lateral hypothalamus (LH) pathway also prevents relapse. These findings establish the PVT as a key node in the opiate-associated memory network and demonstrate the potential of targeting the PVT→NAc→LH pathway for treating opioid addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piper C Keyes
- Neurosciences Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Eliza L Adams
- Neurosciences Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Zijun Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Linlin Bi
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Gregory Nachtrab
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Vickie J Wang
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Yingjie Zhu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China; Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Xiaoke Chen
- Neurosciences Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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17
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Friedmann D, Pun A, Adams EL, Lui JH, Kebschull JM, Grutzner SM, Castagnola C, Tessier-Lavigne M, Luo L. Mapping mesoscale axonal projections in the mouse brain using a 3D convolutional network. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:11068-11075. [PMID: 32358193 PMCID: PMC7245124 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1918465117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The projection targets of a neuronal population are a key feature of its anatomical characteristics. Historically, tissue sectioning, confocal microscopy, and manual scoring of specific regions of interest have been used to generate coarse summaries of mesoscale projectomes. We present here TrailMap, a three-dimensional (3D) convolutional network for extracting axonal projections from intact cleared mouse brains imaged by light-sheet microscopy. TrailMap allows region-based quantification of total axon content in large and complex 3D structures after registration to a standard reference atlas. The identification of axonal structures as thin as one voxel benefits from data augmentation but also requires a loss function that tolerates errors in annotation. A network trained with volumes of serotonergic axons in all major brain regions can be generalized to map and quantify axons from thalamocortical, deep cerebellar, and cortical projection neurons, validating transfer learning as a tool to adapt the model to novel categories of axonal morphology. Speed of training, ease of use, and accuracy improve over existing tools without a need for specialized computing hardware. Given the recent emphasis on genetically and functionally defining cell types in neural circuit analysis, TrailMap will facilitate automated extraction and quantification of axons from these specific cell types at the scale of the entire mouse brain, an essential component of deciphering their connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drew Friedmann
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Albert Pun
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Eliza L Adams
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
- Neurosciences Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Jan H Lui
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Justus M Kebschull
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Sophie M Grutzner
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | | | | | - Liqun Luo
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305;
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
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18
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Kirst C, Skriabine S, Vieites-Prado A, Topilko T, Bertin P, Gerschenfeld G, Verny F, Topilko P, Michalski N, Tessier-Lavigne M, Renier N. Mapping the Fine-Scale Organization and Plasticity of the Brain Vasculature. Cell 2020; 180:780-795.e25. [PMID: 32059781 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The cerebral vasculature is a dense network of arteries, capillaries, and veins. Quantifying variations of the vascular organization across individuals, brain regions, or disease models is challenging. We used immunolabeling and tissue clearing to image the vascular network of adult mouse brains and developed a pipeline to segment terabyte-sized multichannel images from light sheet microscopy, enabling the construction, analysis, and visualization of vascular graphs composed of over 100 million vessel segments. We generated datasets from over 20 mouse brains, with labeled arteries, veins, and capillaries according to their anatomical regions. We characterized the organization of the vascular network across brain regions, highlighting local adaptations and functional correlates. We propose a classification of cortical regions based on the vascular topology. Finally, we analysed brain-wide rearrangements of the vasculature in animal models of congenital deafness and ischemic stroke, revealing that vascular plasticity and remodeling adopt diverging rules in different models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Kirst
- Laboratoire de Plasticité Structurale, Sorbonne Université, ICM Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, 75013 Paris, France; Center for Physics and Biology and Kavli Neural Systems Insittute, The Rockefeller University, 10065 New York, NY, USA; Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience and Anatomy Department, Sandler Neuroscience Building, Suite 514G, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Sophie Skriabine
- Laboratoire de Plasticité Structurale, Sorbonne Université, ICM Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Alba Vieites-Prado
- Laboratoire de Plasticité Structurale, Sorbonne Université, ICM Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Topilko
- Laboratoire de Plasticité Structurale, Sorbonne Université, ICM Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Paul Bertin
- Laboratoire de Plasticité Structurale, Sorbonne Université, ICM Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, 75013 Paris, France
| | | | - Florine Verny
- Laboratoire de Plasticité Structurale, Sorbonne Université, ICM Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Piotr Topilko
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM U955-Team 9, Créteil, France
| | - Nicolas Michalski
- Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, UMRS 1120, Institut Pasteur, INSERM, 75015 Paris, France
| | | | - Nicolas Renier
- Laboratoire de Plasticité Structurale, Sorbonne Université, ICM Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, 75013 Paris, France.
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19
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Kwart D, Gregg A, Scheckel C, Murphy EA, Paquet D, Duffield M, Fak J, Olsen O, Darnell RB, Tessier-Lavigne M. A Large Panel of Isogenic APP and PSEN1 Mutant Human iPSC Neurons Reveals Shared Endosomal Abnormalities Mediated by APP β-CTFs, Not Aβ. Neuron 2019; 104:1022. [PMID: 31805257 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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20
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Willett RT, Bayin NS, Lee AS, Krishnamurthy A, Wojcinski A, Lao Z, Stephen D, Rosello-Diez A, Dauber-Decker KL, Orvis GD, Wu Z, Tessier-Lavigne M, Joyner AL. Cerebellar nuclei excitatory neurons regulate developmental scaling of presynaptic Purkinje cell number and organ growth. eLife 2019; 8:e50617. [PMID: 31742552 PMCID: PMC6890462 DOI: 10.7554/elife.50617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
For neural systems to function effectively, the numbers of each cell type must be proportioned properly during development. We found that conditional knockout of the mouse homeobox genes En1 and En2 in the excitatory cerebellar nuclei neurons (eCN) leads to reduced postnatal growth of the cerebellar cortex. A subset of medial and intermediate eCN are lost in the mutants, with an associated cell non-autonomous loss of their presynaptic partner Purkinje cells by birth leading to proportional scaling down of neuron production in the postnatal cerebellar cortex. Genetic killing of embryonic eCN throughout the cerebellum also leads to loss of Purkinje cells and reduced postnatal growth but throughout the cerebellar cortex. Thus, the eCN play a key role in scaling the size of the cerebellum by influencing the survival of their Purkinje cell partners, which in turn regulate production of granule cells and interneurons via the amount of sonic hedgehog secreted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan T Willett
- Developmental Biology ProgramSloan Kettering InstituteNew YorkUnited States
| | - N Sumru Bayin
- Developmental Biology ProgramSloan Kettering InstituteNew YorkUnited States
| | - Andrew S Lee
- Developmental Biology ProgramSloan Kettering InstituteNew YorkUnited States
- Neuroscience ProgramWeill Cornell Graduate School of Medical SciencesNew YorkUnited States
| | - Anjana Krishnamurthy
- Developmental Biology ProgramSloan Kettering InstituteNew YorkUnited States
- Neuroscience ProgramWeill Cornell Graduate School of Medical SciencesNew YorkUnited States
| | | | - Zhimin Lao
- Developmental Biology ProgramSloan Kettering InstituteNew YorkUnited States
| | - Daniel Stephen
- Developmental Biology ProgramSloan Kettering InstituteNew YorkUnited States
| | | | | | - Grant D Orvis
- Developmental Biology ProgramSloan Kettering InstituteNew YorkUnited States
| | - Zhuhao Wu
- The Laboratory of Brain Development and RepairThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Marc Tessier-Lavigne
- The Laboratory of Brain Development and RepairThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Alexandra L Joyner
- Developmental Biology ProgramSloan Kettering InstituteNew YorkUnited States
- Neuroscience ProgramWeill Cornell Graduate School of Medical SciencesNew YorkUnited States
- Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology ProgramWeill Cornell Graduate School of Medical SciencesNew YorkUnited States
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21
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Inoue S, Yang R, Tantry A, Davis CH, Yang T, Knoedler JR, Wei Y, Adams EL, Thombare S, Golf SR, Neve RL, Tessier-Lavigne M, Ding JB, Shah NM. Periodic Remodeling in a Neural Circuit Governs Timing of Female Sexual Behavior. Cell 2019; 179:1393-1408.e16. [PMID: 31735496 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Behaviors are inextricably linked to internal state. We have identified a neural mechanism that links female sexual behavior with the estrus, the ovulatory phase of the estrous cycle. We find that progesterone-receptor (PR)-expressing neurons in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) are active and required during this behavior. Activating these neurons, however, does not elicit sexual behavior in non-estrus females. We show that projections of PR+ VMH neurons to the anteroventral periventricular (AVPV) nucleus change across the 5-day mouse estrous cycle, with ∼3-fold more termini and functional connections during estrus. This cyclic increase in connectivity is found in adult females, but not males, and regulated by estrogen signaling in PR+ VMH neurons. We further show that these connections are essential for sexual behavior in receptive females. Thus, estrogen-regulated structural plasticity of behaviorally salient connections in the adult female brain links sexual behavior to the estrus phase of the estrous cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Inoue
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Renzhi Yang
- Biology Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Adarsh Tantry
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Chung-Ha Davis
- Neurosciences Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Taehong Yang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Joseph R Knoedler
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yichao Wei
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Eliza L Adams
- Neurosciences Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Shivani Thombare
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Samantha R Golf
- Neurosciences Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Rachael L Neve
- Gene Delivery Technology Core, Massachusetts General Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | - Jun B Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Neurology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nirao M Shah
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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22
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Goodyer WR, Beyersdorf BM, Paik DT, Tian L, Li G, Buikema JW, Chirikian O, Choi S, Venkatraman S, Adams EL, Tessier-Lavigne M, Wu JC, Wu SM. Transcriptomic Profiling of the Developing Cardiac Conduction System at Single-Cell Resolution. Circ Res 2019; 125:379-397. [PMID: 31284824 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.118.314578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The cardiac conduction system (CCS) consists of distinct components including the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, His bundle, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers. Despite an essential role for the CCS in heart development and function, the CCS has remained challenging to interrogate because of inherent obstacles including small cell numbers, large cell-type heterogeneity, complex anatomy, and difficulty in isolation. Single-cell RNA-sequencing allows for genome-wide analysis of gene expression at single-cell resolution. OBJECTIVE Assess the transcriptional landscape of the entire CCS at single-cell resolution by single-cell RNA-sequencing within the developing mouse heart. METHODS AND RESULTS Wild-type, embryonic day 16.5 mouse hearts (n=6 per zone) were harvested and 3 zones of microdissection were isolated, including: Zone I-sinoatrial node region; Zone II-atrioventricular node/His region; and Zone III-bundle branch/Purkinje fiber region. Tissue was digested into single-cell suspensions, cells isolated, mRNA reverse transcribed, and barcoded before high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analyses. Single-cell RNA-sequencing was performed on over 22 000 cells, and all major cell types of the murine heart were successfully captured including bona fide clusters of cells consistent with each major component of the CCS. Unsupervised weighted gene coexpression network analysis led to the discovery of a host of novel CCS genes, a subset of which were validated using fluorescent in situ hybridization as well as whole-mount immunolabeling with volume imaging (iDISCO+) in 3 dimensions on intact mouse hearts. Further, subcluster analysis unveiled isolation of distinct CCS cell subtypes, including the clinically relevant but poorly characterized transitional cells that bridge the CCS and surrounding myocardium. CONCLUSIONS Our study represents the first comprehensive assessment of the transcriptional profiles from the entire CCS at single-cell resolution and provides a characterization in the context of development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Goodyer
- From the Cardiovascular Institute (W.R.G., B.M.B., D.T.P., L.T., G.L., J.W.B., O.C., S.C., S.V., J.C.W., S.M.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA.,Department of Pediatrics (W.R.G., S.M.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Benjamin M Beyersdorf
- From the Cardiovascular Institute (W.R.G., B.M.B., D.T.P., L.T., G.L., J.W.B., O.C., S.C., S.V., J.C.W., S.M.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure (Institute for Translational Cardiac Surgery), German Heart Center Munich at the Technical University of Munich, Germany (B.M.B.)
| | - David T Paik
- From the Cardiovascular Institute (W.R.G., B.M.B., D.T.P., L.T., G.L., J.W.B., O.C., S.C., S.V., J.C.W., S.M.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Lei Tian
- From the Cardiovascular Institute (W.R.G., B.M.B., D.T.P., L.T., G.L., J.W.B., O.C., S.C., S.V., J.C.W., S.M.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Guang Li
- From the Cardiovascular Institute (W.R.G., B.M.B., D.T.P., L.T., G.L., J.W.B., O.C., S.C., S.V., J.C.W., S.M.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA.,Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA (G.L.)
| | - Jan W Buikema
- From the Cardiovascular Institute (W.R.G., B.M.B., D.T.P., L.T., G.L., J.W.B., O.C., S.C., S.V., J.C.W., S.M.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA.,Department of Cardiology, Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, The Netherlands (J.W.B.)
| | - Orlando Chirikian
- From the Cardiovascular Institute (W.R.G., B.M.B., D.T.P., L.T., G.L., J.W.B., O.C., S.C., S.V., J.C.W., S.M.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA.,Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, UC Santa Barbara, CA (O.C.)
| | - Shannon Choi
- From the Cardiovascular Institute (W.R.G., B.M.B., D.T.P., L.T., G.L., J.W.B., O.C., S.C., S.V., J.C.W., S.M.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Sneha Venkatraman
- From the Cardiovascular Institute (W.R.G., B.M.B., D.T.P., L.T., G.L., J.W.B., O.C., S.C., S.V., J.C.W., S.M.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Eliza L Adams
- Department of Biology (E.L.A., M.T.-L.), Stanford University, CA
| | | | - Joseph C Wu
- From the Cardiovascular Institute (W.R.G., B.M.B., D.T.P., L.T., G.L., J.W.B., O.C., S.C., S.V., J.C.W., S.M.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA.,Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine (J.C.W., S.M.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Sean M Wu
- From the Cardiovascular Institute (W.R.G., B.M.B., D.T.P., L.T., G.L., J.W.B., O.C., S.C., S.V., J.C.W., S.M.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA.,Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine (J.C.W., S.M.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA.,Department of Pediatrics (W.R.G., S.M.W.), Stanford University, CA
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23
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Hertz NT, Adams EL, Weber RA, Shen RJ, O'Rourke MK, Simon DJ, Zebroski H, Olsen O, Morgan CW, Mileur TR, Hitchcock AM, Sinnott Armstrong NA, Wainberg M, Bassik MC, Molina H, Wells JA, Tessier-Lavigne M. Neuronally Enriched RUFY3 Is Required for Caspase-Mediated Axon Degeneration. Neuron 2019; 103:412-422.e4. [PMID: 31221560 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Selective synaptic and axonal degeneration are critical aspects of both brain development and neurodegenerative disease. Inhibition of caspase signaling in neurons is a potential therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative disease, but no neuron-specific modulators of caspase signaling have been described. Using a mass spectrometry approach, we discovered that RUFY3, a neuronally enriched protein, is essential for caspase-mediated degeneration of TRKA+ sensory axons in vitro and in vivo. Deletion of Rufy3 protects axons from degeneration, even in the presence of activated CASP3 that is competent to cleave endogenous substrates. Dephosphorylation of RUFY3 at residue S34 appears required for axon degeneration, providing a potential mechanism for neurons to locally control caspase-driven degeneration. Neuronally enriched RUFY3 thus provides an entry point for understanding non-apoptotic functions of CASP3 and a potential target to modulate caspase signaling specifically in neurons for neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas T Hertz
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eliza L Adams
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ross A Weber
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rebecca J Shen
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - David J Simon
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Henry Zebroski
- Proteomics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Olav Olsen
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles W Morgan
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Trevor R Mileur
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Michael Wainberg
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael C Bassik
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Henrik Molina
- Proteomics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - James A Wells
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Marc Tessier-Lavigne
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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24
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Tulloch AJ, Teo S, Carvajal BV, Tessier-Lavigne M, Jaworski A. Diverse spinal commissural neuron populations revealed by fate mapping and molecular profiling using a novel Robo3 Cre mouse. J Comp Neurol 2019; 527:2948-2972. [PMID: 31152445 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The two sides of the nervous system coordinate and integrate information via commissural neurons, which project axons across the midline. Commissural neurons in the spinal cord are a highly heterogeneous population of cells with respect to their birthplace, final cell body position, axonal trajectory, and neurotransmitter phenotype. Although commissural axon guidance during development has been studied in great detail, neither the developmental origins nor the mature phenotypes of commissural neurons have been characterized comprehensively, largely due to lack of selective genetic access to these neurons. Here, we generated mice expressing Cre recombinase from the Robo3 locus specifically in commissural neurons. We used Robo3 Cre mice to characterize the transcriptome and various origins of developing commissural neurons, revealing new details about their extensive heterogeneity in molecular makeup and developmental lineage. Further, we followed the fate of commissural neurons into adulthood, thereby elucidating their settling positions and molecular diversity and providing evidence for possible functions in various spinal cord circuits. Our studies establish an important genetic entry point for further analyses of commissural neuron development, connectivity, and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alastair J Tulloch
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.,Robert J. and Nancy D. Carney Institute for Brain Science, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Shaun Teo
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | | | - Marc Tessier-Lavigne
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York.,Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Alexander Jaworski
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.,Robert J. and Nancy D. Carney Institute for Brain Science, Providence, Rhode Island
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Wang G, Simon DJ, Wu Z, Belsky DM, Heller E, O'Rourke MK, Hertz NT, Molina H, Zhong G, Tessier-Lavigne M, Zhuang X. Structural plasticity of actin-spectrin membrane skeleton and functional role of actin and spectrin in axon degeneration. eLife 2019; 8:e38730. [PMID: 31042147 PMCID: PMC6494423 DOI: 10.7554/elife.38730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Axon degeneration sculpts neuronal connectivity patterns during development and is an early hallmark of several adult-onset neurodegenerative disorders. Substantial progress has been made in identifying effector mechanisms driving axon fragmentation, but less is known about the upstream signaling pathways that initiate this process. Here, we investigate the behavior of the actin-spectrin-based Membrane-associated Periodic Skeleton (MPS), and effects of actin and spectrin manipulations in sensory axon degeneration. We show that trophic deprivation (TD) of mouse sensory neurons causes a rapid disassembly of the axonal MPS, which occurs prior to protein loss and independently of caspase activation. Actin destabilization initiates TD-related retrograde signaling needed for degeneration; actin stabilization prevents MPS disassembly and retrograde signaling during TD. Depletion of βII-spectrin, a key component of the MPS, suppresses retrograde signaling and protects axons against degeneration. These data demonstrate structural plasticity of the MPS and suggest its potential role in early steps of axon degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiping Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyHoward Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard UniversityCambridgeUnited States
- Department of PhysicsHoward Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard UniversityCambridgeUnited States
| | - David J Simon
- Laboratory of Brain Development and RepairThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
- Department of BiologyStanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Zhuhao Wu
- Laboratory of Brain Development and RepairThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Deanna M Belsky
- Department of BiologyStanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Evan Heller
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyHoward Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard UniversityCambridgeUnited States
- Department of PhysicsHoward Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard UniversityCambridgeUnited States
| | | | - Nicholas T Hertz
- Laboratory of Brain Development and RepairThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
- Department of BiologyStanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Henrik Molina
- Proteomics Resource CenterThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Guisheng Zhong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyHoward Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard UniversityCambridgeUnited States
- Department of PhysicsHoward Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard UniversityCambridgeUnited States
| | - Marc Tessier-Lavigne
- Laboratory of Brain Development and RepairThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
- Department of BiologyStanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Xiaowei Zhuang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyHoward Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard UniversityCambridgeUnited States
- Department of PhysicsHoward Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard UniversityCambridgeUnited States
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26
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DeNardo LA, Liu CD, Allen WE, Adams EL, Friedmann D, Fu L, Guenthner CJ, Tessier-Lavigne M, Luo L. Temporal evolution of cortical ensembles promoting remote memory retrieval. Nat Neurosci 2019; 22:460-469. [PMID: 30692687 PMCID: PMC6387639 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-018-0318-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Memories of fearful events can last a lifetime. The prelimbic (PL) subregion of prefrontal cortex plays a critical role in fear memory retrieval over time. Most studies have focused on acquisition, consolidation, and retrieval of recent memories, but much less is known about the neural mechanisms of remote memory. Using a new knock-in mouse for activity-dependent genetic labeling (TRAP2), we demonstrate that neuronal ensembles in PL are dynamic. PL neurons TRAPed during later memory retrievals are more likely to be reactivated and make larger behavioral contributions to remote memory retrieval compared to those TRAPed during learning or early memory retrieval. PL activity during learning is required to initiate this time-dependent reorganization in PL ensembles underlying memory retrieval. Finally, while neurons TRAPed during earlier and later retrievals have similar broad projections throughout the brain, PL neurons TRAPed later have a stronger functional recruitment of cortical targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A DeNardo
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Department of Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Cindy D Liu
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - William E Allen
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Neurosciences Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eliza L Adams
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Neurosciences Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Drew Friedmann
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lisa Fu
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Casey J Guenthner
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Neurosciences Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Marc Tessier-Lavigne
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Neurosciences Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Liqun Luo
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Neurosciences Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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27
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Sun LO, Mulinyawe SB, Collins HY, Ibrahim A, Li Q, Simon DJ, Tessier-Lavigne M, Barres BA. Spatiotemporal Control of CNS Myelination by Oligodendrocyte Programmed Cell Death through the TFEB-PUMA Axis. Cell 2018; 175:1811-1826.e21. [PMID: 30503207 PMCID: PMC6295215 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nervous system function depends on proper myelination for insulation and critical trophic support for axons. Myelination is tightly regulated spatially and temporally, but how it is controlled molecularly remains largely unknown. Here, we identified key molecular mechanisms governing the regional and temporal specificity of CNS myelination. We show that transcription factor EB (TFEB) is highly expressed by differentiating oligodendrocytes and that its loss causes precocious and ectopic myelination in many parts of the murine brain. TFEB functions cell-autonomously through PUMA induction and Bax-Bak activation to promote programmed cell death of a subset of premyelinating oligodendrocytes, allowing selective elimination of oligodendrocytes in normally unmyelinated brain regions. This pathway is conserved across diverse brain areas and is critical for myelination timing. Our findings define an oligodendrocyte-intrinsic mechanism underlying the spatiotemporal specificity of CNS myelination, shedding light on how myelinating glia sculpt the nervous system during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu O Sun
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Sara B Mulinyawe
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Hannah Y Collins
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Adiljan Ibrahim
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Qingyun Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - David J Simon
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Ben A Barres
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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28
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Tessier-Lavigne M, Macuare KA. The NAI Fellow Profile: An Interview with Dr. Marc Tessier-Lavigne. technol innov 2018. [DOI: 10.21300/20.1-2.2018.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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29
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Cárdenas A, Villalba A, de Juan Romero C, Picó E, Kyrousi C, Tzika AC, Tessier-Lavigne M, Ma L, Drukker M, Cappello S, Borrell V. Evolution of Cortical Neurogenesis in Amniotes Controlled by Robo Signaling Levels. Cell 2018; 174:590-606.e21. [PMID: 29961574 PMCID: PMC6063992 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral cortex size differs dramatically between reptiles, birds, and mammals, owing to developmental differences in neuron production. In mammals, signaling pathways regulating neurogenesis have been identified, but genetic differences behind their evolution across amniotes remain unknown. We show that direct neurogenesis from radial glia cells, with limited neuron production, dominates the avian, reptilian, and mammalian paleocortex, whereas in the evolutionarily recent mammalian neocortex, most neurogenesis is indirect via basal progenitors. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments in mouse, chick, and snake embryos and in human cerebral organoids demonstrate that high Slit/Robo and low Dll1 signaling, via Jag1 and Jag2, are necessary and sufficient to drive direct neurogenesis. Attenuating Robo signaling and enhancing Dll1 in snakes and birds recapitulates the formation of basal progenitors and promotes indirect neurogenesis. Our study identifies modulation in activity levels of conserved signaling pathways as a primary mechanism driving the expansion and increased complexity of the mammalian neocortex during amniote evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Cárdenas
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas & Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant, 03550 Alacant, Spain
| | - Ana Villalba
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas & Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant, 03550 Alacant, Spain
| | - Camino de Juan Romero
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas & Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant, 03550 Alacant, Spain
| | - Esther Picó
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas & Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant, 03550 Alacant, Spain
| | - Christina Kyrousi
- Developmental Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Athanasia C Tzika
- Department Genetics and Evolution, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Le Ma
- Department of Neuroscience, Jefferson Synaptic Biology Center, Vickie and Jack Farber Institute for Neuroscience, Sydney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Micha Drukker
- Institute of Stem Cell Research and the Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Core Facility, Helmholtz Center Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Silvia Cappello
- Developmental Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Víctor Borrell
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas & Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant, 03550 Alacant, Spain.
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Kramer NJ, Haney MS, Morgens DW, Jovičić A, Couthouis J, Li A, Ousey J, Ma R, Bieri G, Tsui CK, Shi Y, Hertz NT, Tessier-Lavigne M, Ichida JK, Bassik MC, Gitler AD. CRISPR-Cas9 screens in human cells and primary neurons identify modifiers of C9ORF72 dipeptide-repeat-protein toxicity. Nat Genet 2018; 50:603-612. [PMID: 29507424 PMCID: PMC5893388 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-018-0070-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hexanucleotide repeat expansions in the C9orf72 gene are the most common cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia (c9FTD/ALS). The nucleotide repeat expansions are translated into dipeptide repeat (DPR) proteins, which are aggregation-prone and may contribute to neurodegeneration. We used the CRISPR-Cas9 system to perform genome-wide gene knockout screens for suppressors and enhancers of C9orf72 DPR toxicity in human cells. We validated hits by performing secondary CRISPR-Cas9 screens in primary mouse neurons. We uncovered potent modifiers of DPR toxicity whose gene products function in nucleocytoplasmic transport, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), proteasome, RNA processing pathways, and in chromatin modification. One modifier, TMX2, modulated the ER-stress signature elicited by C9orf72 DPRs in neurons, and improved survival of human induced motor neurons from C9orf72 ALS patients. Together, this work demonstrates the promise of CRISPR-Cas9 screens to define mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Kramer
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Neurosciences Graduate Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael S Haney
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - David W Morgens
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ana Jovičić
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Julien Couthouis
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Amy Li
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - James Ousey
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rosanna Ma
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gregor Bieri
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Neurosciences Graduate Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - C Kimberly Tsui
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yingxiao Shi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Justin K Ichida
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael C Bassik
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Aaron D Gitler
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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31
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Govek EE, Wu Z, Acehan D, Molina H, Rivera K, Zhu X, Fang Y, Tessier-Lavigne M, Hatten ME. Cdc42 Regulates Neuronal Polarity during Cerebellar Axon Formation and Glial-Guided Migration. iScience 2018; 1:35-48. [PMID: 29888765 PMCID: PMC5993048 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
CNS cortical histogenesis depends on polarity signaling pathways that regulate cell adhesion and motility. Here we report that conditional deletion of the Rho GTPase Cdc42 in cerebellar granule cell precursors (GCPs) results in abnormalities in cerebellar foliation revealed by iDISCO clearing methodology, a loss of columnar organization of proliferating GCPs in the external germinal layer (EGL), disordered parallel fiber organization in the molecular layer (ML), and a failure to extend a leading process and form a neuron-glial junction during migration along Bergmann glia (BG). Notably, GCPs lacking Cdc42 had a multi-polar morphology and slowed migration rate. In addition, secondary defects occurred in BG development and organization, especially in the lateral cerebellar hemispheres. By phosphoproteomic analysis, affected Cdc42 targets included regulators of the cytoskeleton, cell adhesion and polarity. Thus, Cdc42 signaling pathways are critical regulators of GCP polarity and the formation of neuron-glial junctions during cerebellar development. Conditional deletion of Cdc42 in GCPs perturbs cerebellar cortical histogenesis Loss of Cdc42 in GCPs disrupts GCP neuron-glial junctions Cdc42 deficiency causes a loss of GCP polarity and slows their migration Phosphoproteomics reveals changes in cytoskeletal, adhesion, and polarity proteins
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve-Ellen Govek
- Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Zhuhao Wu
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Devrim Acehan
- The Rockefeller University Electron Microscopy Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Henrik Molina
- The Rockefeller University Proteomics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Keith Rivera
- Mass Spectrometry Shared Resource, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yin Fang
- Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Marc Tessier-Lavigne
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305-2061, USA
| | - Mary Elizabeth Hatten
- Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
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32
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Yung AR, Druckenbrod NR, Cloutier JF, Wu Z, Tessier-Lavigne M, Goodrich LV. Netrin-1 Confines Rhombic Lip-Derived Neurons to the CNS. Cell Rep 2018; 22:1666-1680. [PMID: 29444422 PMCID: PMC5877811 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
During brainstem development, newborn neurons originating from the rhombic lip embark on exceptionally long migrations to generate nuclei important for audition, movement, and respiration. Along the way, this highly motile population passes several cranial nerves yet remains confined to the CNS. We found that Ntn1 accumulates beneath the pial surface separating the CNS from the PNS, with gaps at nerve entry sites. In mice null for Ntn1 or its receptor DCC, hindbrain neurons enter cranial nerves and migrate into the periphery. CNS neurons also escape when Ntn1 is selectively lost from the sub-pial region (SPR), and conversely, expression of Ntn1 throughout the mutant hindbrain can prevent their departure. These findings identify a permissive role for Ntn1 in maintaining the CNS-PNS boundary. We propose that Ntn1 confines rhombic lip-derived neurons by providing a preferred substrate for tangentially migrating neurons in the SPR, preventing their entry into nerve roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea R Yung
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jean-François Cloutier
- Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Zhuhao Wu
- Laboratory of Brain Development & Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Marc Tessier-Lavigne
- Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lisa V Goodrich
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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33
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34
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Tessier-Lavigne M. Ben Barres (1954–2017). Dev Cell 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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35
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Chi J, Wu Z, Choi CHJ, Nguyen L, Tegegne S, Ackerman SE, Crane A, Marchildon F, Tessier-Lavigne M, Cohen P. Three-Dimensional Adipose Tissue Imaging Reveals Regional Variation in Beige Fat Biogenesis and PRDM16-Dependent Sympathetic Neurite Density. Cell Metab 2018; 27:226-236.e3. [PMID: 29320703 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
While the cell-intrinsic pathways governing beige adipocyte development and phenotype have been increasingly delineated, comparatively little is known about how beige adipocytes interact with other cell types in fat. Here, we introduce a whole-tissue clearing method for adipose that permits immunolabeling and three-dimensional profiling of structures including thermogenic adipocytes and sympathetic innervation. We found that tissue architecture and sympathetic innervation differ significantly between subcutaneous and visceral depots. Subcutaneous fat demonstrates prominent regional variation in beige fat biogenesis with localization of UCP1+ beige adipocytes to areas with dense sympathetic neurites. We present evidence that the density of sympathetic projections is dependent on PRDM16 in adipocytes, providing another potential mechanism underlying the metabolic benefits mediated by PRDM16. This powerful imaging tool highlights the interaction of tissue components during beige fat biogenesis and reveals a previously undescribed mode of regulation of the sympathetic nervous system by adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Chi
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhuhao Wu
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Chan Hee J Choi
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; Weill-Cornell/Rockefeller/Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lily Nguyen
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Saba Tegegne
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarah E Ackerman
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Audrey Crane
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - François Marchildon
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marc Tessier-Lavigne
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Paul Cohen
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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36
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Yamagishi Y, Tessier-Lavigne M. An Atypical SCF-like Ubiquitin Ligase Complex Promotes Wallerian Degeneration through Regulation of Axonal Nmnat2. Cell Rep 2017; 17:774-782. [PMID: 27732853 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Axon degeneration is a tightly regulated, self-destructive program that is a critical feature of many neurodegenerative diseases, but the molecular mechanisms regulating this program remain poorly understood. Here, we identify S-phase kinase-associated protein 1A (Skp1a), a core component of a Skp/Cullin/F-box (SCF)-type E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, as a critical regulator of axon degeneration after injury in mammalian neurons. Depletion of Skp1a prolongs survival of injured axons in vitro and in the optic nerve in vivo. We demonstrate that Skp1a regulates the protein level of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)+ synthesizing enzyme nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 2 (Nmnat2) in axons. Loss of axonal Nmnat2 contributes to a local ATP deficit that triggers axon degeneration. Knockdown of Skp1a elevates basal levels of axonal Nmnat2, thereby delaying axon degeneration through prolonged maintenance of axonal ATP. Consistent with Skp1a functioning through regulation of Nmnat2, Skp1a knockdown fails to protect axons from Nmnat2 knockdown. These results illuminate the molecular mechanism underlying Skp1a-dependent axonal destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Yamagishi
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Marc Tessier-Lavigne
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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37
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Nectow AR, Schneeberger M, Zhang H, Field BC, Renier N, Azevedo E, Patel B, Liang Y, Mitra S, Tessier-Lavigne M, Han MH, Friedman JM. Identification of a Brainstem Circuit Controlling Feeding. Cell 2017; 170:429-442.e11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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38
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Larhammar M, Huntwork-Rodriguez S, Jiang Z, Solanoy H, Sengupta Ghosh A, Wang B, Kaminker JS, Huang K, Eastham-Anderson J, Siu M, Modrusan Z, Farley MM, Tessier-Lavigne M, Lewcock JW, Watkins TA. Dual leucine zipper kinase-dependent PERK activation contributes to neuronal degeneration following insult. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28440222 PMCID: PMC5404924 DOI: 10.7554/elife.20725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) arm of the Integrated Stress Response (ISR) is implicated in neurodegenerative disease, although the regulators and consequences of PERK activation following neuronal injury are poorly understood. Here we show that PERK signaling is a component of the mouse MAP kinase neuronal stress response controlled by the Dual Leucine Zipper Kinase (DLK) and contributes to DLK-mediated neurodegeneration. We find that DLK-activating insults ranging from nerve injury to neurotrophin deprivation result in both c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK) signaling and the PERK- and ISR-dependent upregulation of the Activating Transcription Factor 4 (ATF4). Disruption of PERK signaling delays neurodegeneration without reducing JNK signaling. Furthermore, DLK is both sufficient for PERK activation and necessary for engaging the ISR subsequent to JNK-mediated retrograde injury signaling. These findings identify DLK as a central regulator of not only JNK but also PERK stress signaling in neurons, with both pathways contributing to neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Larhammar
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech, Inc., San Francisco, United States
| | | | - Zhiyu Jiang
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech, Inc., San Francisco, United States
| | - Hilda Solanoy
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech, Inc., San Francisco, United States
| | | | - Bei Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech, Inc., San Francisco, United States
| | | | - Kevin Huang
- Bioinformatics, Genentech, Inc., San Francisco, United States
| | | | - Michael Siu
- Discovery Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., San Francisco, United States
| | - Zora Modrusan
- Molecular Biology, Genentech, Inc., San Francisco, United States
| | - Madeline M Farley
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Marc Tessier-Lavigne
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech, Inc., San Francisco, United States.,Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, United States
| | - Joseph W Lewcock
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech, Inc., San Francisco, United States
| | - Trent A Watkins
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech, Inc., San Francisco, United States.,Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,OMNI Biomarkers Development, Genentech, Inc., San Francisco, United States
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39
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Liebmann T, Renier N, Bettayeb K, Greengard P, Tessier-Lavigne M, Flajolet M. Three-Dimensional Study of Alzheimer's Disease Hallmarks Using the iDISCO Clearing Method. Cell Rep 2016; 16:1138-1152. [PMID: 27425620 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.06.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloidosis is a major problem in over one hundred diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Using the iDISCO visualization method involving targeted molecular labeling, tissue clearing, and light-sheet microscopy, we studied plaque formation in the intact AD mouse brain at up to 27 months of age. We visualized amyloid plaques in 3D together with tau, microglia, and vasculature. Volume imaging coupled to automated detection and mapping enables precise and fast quantification of plaques within the entire intact mouse brain. The present methodology is also applicable to analysis of frozen human brain samples without specialized preservation. Remarkably, amyloid plaques in human brain tissues showed greater 3D complexity and surprisingly large three-dimensional amyloid patterns, or TAPs. The ability to visualize amyloid in 3D, especially in the context of their micro-environment, and the discovery of large TAPs may have important scientific and medical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Liebmann
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nicolas Renier
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Karima Bettayeb
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Paul Greengard
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Marc Tessier-Lavigne
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Marc Flajolet
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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40
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Kwart D, Paquet D, Chen A, Sproul A, Jacob S, Teo S, Olsen KM, Gregg A, Noggle S, Tessier-Lavigne M. S3‐02‐02: A Novel Human IPSC‐Based Model of Alzheimer's Disease Generated by Knock‐in of Early‐Onset AD Mutations Displays Disease‐Relevant, Zygosity‐Dependent Phenotypes. Alzheimers Dement 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2016.06.484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Shaun Teo
- The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkNY USA
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41
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Renier N, Adams EL, Kirst C, Wu Z, Azevedo R, Kohl J, Autry AE, Kadiri L, Umadevi Venkataraju K, Zhou Y, Wang VX, Tang CY, Olsen O, Dulac C, Osten P, Tessier-Lavigne M. Mapping of Brain Activity by Automated Volume Analysis of Immediate Early Genes. Cell 2016; 165:1789-1802. [PMID: 27238021 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 483] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Understanding how neural information is processed in physiological and pathological states would benefit from precise detection, localization, and quantification of the activity of all neurons across the entire brain, which has not, to date, been achieved in the mammalian brain. We introduce a pipeline for high-speed acquisition of brain activity at cellular resolution through profiling immediate early gene expression using immunostaining and light-sheet fluorescence imaging, followed by automated mapping and analysis of activity by an open-source software program we term ClearMap. We validate the pipeline first by analysis of brain regions activated in response to haloperidol. Next, we report new cortical regions downstream of whisker-evoked sensory processing during active exploration. Last, we combine activity mapping with axon tracing to uncover new brain regions differentially activated during parenting behavior. This pipeline is widely applicable to different experimental paradigms, including animal species for which transgenic activity reporters are not readily available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Renier
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Eliza L Adams
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Christoph Kirst
- Center for Studies in Physics and Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Zhuhao Wu
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ricardo Azevedo
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Johannes Kohl
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Center for Brain Science, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Anita E Autry
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Center for Brain Science, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | | | - Kannan Umadevi Venkataraju
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratories, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA; Certerra, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Victoria X Wang
- Department of Radiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Cheuk Y Tang
- Department of Radiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Olav Olsen
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Catherine Dulac
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Center for Brain Science, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Pavel Osten
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratories, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Marc Tessier-Lavigne
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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42
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Leggere JC, Saito Y, Darnell RB, Tessier-Lavigne M, Junge HJ, Chen Z. NOVA regulates Dcc alternative splicing during neuronal migration and axon guidance in the spinal cord. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27223328 PMCID: PMC4930329 DOI: 10.7554/elife.14264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) control multiple aspects of post-transcriptional gene regulation and function during various biological processes in the nervous system. To further reveal the functional significance of RBPs during neural development, we carried out an in vivo RNAi screen in the dorsal spinal cord interneurons, including the commissural neurons. We found that the NOVA family of RBPs play a key role in neuronal migration, axon outgrowth, and axon guidance. Interestingly, Nova mutants display similar defects as the knockout of the Dcc transmembrane receptor. We show here that Nova deficiency disrupts the alternative splicing of Dcc, and that restoring Dcc splicing in Nova knockouts is able to rescue the defects. Together, our results demonstrate that the production of DCC splice variants controlled by NOVA has a crucial function during many stages of commissural neuron development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle C Leggere
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States
| | - Yuhki Saito
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, United States
| | - Robert B Darnell
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, United States
| | - Marc Tessier-Lavigne
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, United States
| | - Harald J Junge
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States
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43
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Paquet D, Kwart D, Chen A, Sproul A, Jacob S, Teo S, Olsen KM, Gregg A, Noggle S, Tessier-Lavigne M. Efficient introduction of specific homozygous and heterozygous mutations using CRISPR/Cas9. Nature 2016; 533:125-9. [PMID: 27120160 DOI: 10.1038/nature17664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 600] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The bacterial CRISPR/Cas9 system allows sequence-specific gene editing in many organisms and holds promise as a tool to generate models of human diseases, for example, in human pluripotent stem cells. CRISPR/Cas9 introduces targeted double-stranded breaks (DSBs) with high efficiency, which are typically repaired by non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) resulting in nonspecific insertions, deletions or other mutations (indels). DSBs may also be repaired by homology-directed repair (HDR) using a DNA repair template, such as an introduced single-stranded oligo DNA nucleotide (ssODN), allowing knock-in of specific mutations. Although CRISPR/Cas9 is used extensively to engineer gene knockouts through NHEJ, editing by HDR remains inefficient and can be corrupted by additional indels, preventing its widespread use for modelling genetic disorders through introducing disease-associated mutations. Furthermore, targeted mutational knock-in at single alleles to model diseases caused by heterozygous mutations has not been reported. Here we describe a CRISPR/Cas9-based genome-editing framework that allows selective introduction of mono- and bi-allelic sequence changes with high efficiency and accuracy. We show that HDR accuracy is increased dramatically by incorporating silent CRISPR/Cas-blocking mutations along with pathogenic mutations, and establish a method termed 'CORRECT' for scarless genome editing. By characterizing and exploiting a stereotyped inverse relationship between a mutation's incorporation rate and its distance to the DSB, we achieve predictable control of zygosity. Homozygous introduction requires a guide RNA targeting close to the intended mutation, whereas heterozygous introduction can be accomplished by distance-dependent suboptimal mutation incorporation or by use of mixed repair templates. Using this approach, we generated human induced pluripotent stem cells with heterozygous and homozygous dominant early onset Alzheimer's disease-causing mutations in amyloid precursor protein (APP(Swe)) and presenilin 1 (PSEN1(M146V)) and derived cortical neurons, which displayed genotype-dependent disease-associated phenotypes. Our findings enable efficient introduction of specific sequence changes with CRISPR/Cas9, facilitating study of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Paquet
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Dylan Kwart
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Antonia Chen
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Andrew Sproul
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Samson Jacob
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Shaun Teo
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Kimberly Moore Olsen
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Andrew Gregg
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, The Rockefeller University and Sloan-Kettering Institute Tri-institutional MD-PhD Program, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Scott Noggle
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Marc Tessier-Lavigne
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
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44
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Hernandez-Enriquez B, Wu Z, Martinez E, Olsen O, Kaprielian Z, Maness PF, Yoshida Y, Tessier-Lavigne M, Tran TS. Floor plate-derived neuropilin-2 functions as a secreted semaphorin sink to facilitate commissural axon midline crossing. Genes Dev 2016; 29:2617-32. [PMID: 26680304 PMCID: PMC4699389 DOI: 10.1101/gad.268086.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Commissural axon guidance depends on a myriad of cues expressed by intermediate targets. Secreted semaphorins signal through neuropilin-2/plexin-A1 receptor complexes on post-crossing commissural axons to mediate floor plate repulsion in the mouse spinal cord. Here, we show that neuropilin-2/plexin-A1 are also coexpressed on commissural axons prior to midline crossing and can mediate precrossing semaphorin-induced repulsion in vitro. How premature semaphorin-induced repulsion of precrossing axons is suppressed in vivo is not known. We discovered that a novel source of floor plate-derived, but not axon-derived, neuropilin-2 is required for precrossing axon pathfinding. Floor plate-specific deletion of neuropilin-2 significantly reduces the presence of precrossing axons in the ventral spinal cord, which can be rescued by inhibiting plexin-A1 signaling in vivo. Our results show that floor plate-derived neuropilin-2 is developmentally regulated, functioning as a molecular sink to sequester semaphorins, preventing premature repulsion of precrossing axons prior to subsequent down-regulation, and allowing for semaphorin-mediated repulsion of post-crossing axons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhuhao Wu
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Edward Martinez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
| | - Olav Olsen
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | | | - Patricia F Maness
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Yutaka Yoshida
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
| | - Marc Tessier-Lavigne
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Tracy S Tran
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
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45
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Simon DJ, Pitts J, Hertz NT, Yang J, Yamagishi Y, Olsen O, Tešić Mark M, Molina H, Tessier-Lavigne M. Axon Degeneration Gated by Retrograde Activation of Somatic Pro-apoptotic Signaling. Cell 2016; 164:1031-45. [PMID: 26898330 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
During development, sensory axons compete for limiting neurotrophic support, and local neurotrophin insufficiency triggers caspase-dependent axon degeneration. The signaling driving axon degeneration upon local deprivation is proposed to reside within axons. Our results instead support a model in which, despite the apoptotic machinery being present in axons, the cell body is an active participant in gating axonal caspase activation and axon degeneration. Loss of trophic support in axons initiates retrograde activation of a somatic pro-apoptotic pathway, which, in turn, is required for distal axon degeneration via an anterograde pro-degenerative factor. At a molecular level, the cell body is the convergence point of two signaling pathways whose integrated action drives upregulation of pro-apoptotic Puma, which, unexpectedly, is confined to the cell body. Puma then overcomes inhibition by pro-survival Bcl-xL and Bcl-w and initiates the anterograde pro-degenerative program, highlighting the role of the cell body as an arbiter of large-scale axon removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Simon
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jason Pitts
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nicholas T Hertz
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yuya Yamagishi
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Olav Olsen
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Milica Tešić Mark
- Proteomics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Henrik Molina
- Proteomics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Marc Tessier-Lavigne
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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46
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Jaworski A, Tom I, Tong RK, Gildea HK, Koch AW, Gonzalez LC, Tessier-Lavigne M. Operational redundancy in axon guidance through the multifunctional receptor Robo3 and its ligand NELL2. Science 2015; 350:961-5. [PMID: 26586761 DOI: 10.1126/science.aad2615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Axon pathfinding is orchestrated by numerous guidance cues, including Slits and their Robo receptors, but it remains unclear how information from multiple cues is integrated or filtered. Robo3, a Robo family member, allows commissural axons to reach and cross the spinal cord midline by antagonizing Robo1/2-mediated repulsion from midline-expressed Slits and potentiating deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC)-mediated midline attraction to Netrin-1, but without binding either Slits or Netrins. We identified a secreted Robo3 ligand, neural epidermal growth factor-like-like 2 (NELL2), which repels mouse commissural axons through Robo3 and helps steer them to the midline. These findings identify NELL2 as an axon guidance cue and establish Robo3 as a multifunctional regulator of pathfinding that simultaneously mediates NELL2 repulsion, inhibits Slit repulsion, and facilitates Netrin attraction to achieve a common guidance purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Jaworski
- Division of Research, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA. Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
| | - Irene Tom
- Department of Protein Chemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Raymond K Tong
- Department of Protein Chemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Holly K Gildea
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Alexander W Koch
- Department of Protein Chemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Lino C Gonzalez
- Department of Protein Chemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Marc Tessier-Lavigne
- Division of Research, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA. Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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47
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Yang J, Wu Z, Renier N, Simon DJ, Uryu K, Park DS, Greer PA, Tournier C, Davis RJ, Tessier-Lavigne M. Pathological axonal death through a MAPK cascade that triggers a local energy deficit. Cell 2015; 160:161-76. [PMID: 25594179 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Axonal death disrupts functional connectivity of neural circuits and is a critical feature of many neurodegenerative disorders. Pathological axon degeneration often occurs independently of known programmed death pathways, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Using traumatic injury as a model, we systematically investigate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) families and delineate a MAPK cascade that represents the early degenerative response to axonal injury. The adaptor protein Sarm1 is required for activation of this MAPK cascade, and this Sarm1-MAPK pathway disrupts axonal energy homeostasis, leading to ATP depletion before physical breakdown of damaged axons. The protective cytoNmnat1/Wld(s) protein inhibits activation of this MAPK cascade. Further, MKK4, a key component in the Sarm1-MAPK pathway, is antagonized by AKT signaling, which modulates the degenerative response by limiting activation of downstream JNK signaling. Our results reveal a regulatory mechanism that integrates distinct signals to instruct pathological axon degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Zhuhao Wu
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nicolas Renier
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - David J Simon
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kunihiro Uryu
- Electron Microscopy Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - David S Park
- University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Peter A Greer
- Queen's University Cancer Research Institute, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cathy Tournier
- University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Roger J Davis
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Marc Tessier-Lavigne
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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48
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Zelina P, Blockus H, Zagar Y, Péres A, Friocourt F, Wu Z, Rama N, Fouquet C, Hohenester E, Tessier-Lavigne M, Schweitzer J, Crollius H, Chédotal A. Signaling Switch of the Axon Guidance Receptor Robo3 during Vertebrate Evolution. Neuron 2014; 84:1258-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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49
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Wetzel-Smith MK, Hunkapiller J, Bhangale TR, Srinivasan K, Maloney JA, Atwal JK, Sa SM, Yaylaoglu MB, Foreman O, Ortmann W, Rathore N, Hansen DV, Tessier-Lavigne M, Mayeux R, Pericak-Vance M, Haines J, Farrer LA, Schellenberg GD, Goate A, Behrens TW, Cruchaga C, Watts RJ, Graham RR. A rare mutation in UNC5C predisposes to late-onset Alzheimer's disease and increases neuronal cell death. Nat Med 2014; 20:1452-7. [PMID: 25419706 DOI: 10.1038/nm.3736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We have identified a rare coding mutation, T835M (rs137875858), in the UNC5C netrin receptor gene that segregated with disease in an autosomal dominant pattern in two families enriched for late-onset Alzheimer's disease and that was associated with disease across four large case-control cohorts (odds ratio = 2.15, Pmeta = 0.0095). T835M alters a conserved residue in the hinge region of UNC5C, and in vitro studies demonstrate that this mutation leads to increased cell death in human HEK293T cells and in rodent neurons. Furthermore, neurons expressing T835M UNC5C are more susceptible to cell death from multiple neurotoxic stimuli, including β-amyloid (Aβ), glutamate and staurosporine. On the basis of these data and the enriched hippocampal expression of UNC5C in the adult nervous system, we propose that one possible mechanism in which T835M UNC5C contributes to the risk of Alzheimer's disease is by increasing susceptibility to neuronal cell death, particularly in vulnerable regions of the Alzheimer's disease brain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julie Hunkapiller
- Department of Human Genetics, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Tushar R Bhangale
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Janice A Maloney
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jasvinder K Atwal
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Susan M Sa
- Department of Pathology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Murat B Yaylaoglu
- Department of Pathology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Oded Foreman
- Department of Pathology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ward Ortmann
- Department of Human Genetics, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Nisha Rathore
- Department of Human Genetics, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - David V Hansen
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Marc Tessier-Lavigne
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Richard Mayeux
- 1] Department of Neurology, Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA. [2] Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Margaret Pericak-Vance
- 1] The John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA. [2] Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Jonathan Haines
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Lindsay A Farrer
- 1] Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Department of Neurology, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [3] Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [4] Department of Epidemiology, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [5] Department of Biostatistics, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gerard D Schellenberg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alison Goate
- 1] Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. [2] Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. [3] Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Timothy W Behrens
- Department of Human Genetics, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- 1] Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. [2] Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ryan J Watts
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Robert R Graham
- Department of Human Genetics, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
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Renier N, Wu Z, Simon DJ, Yang J, Ariel P, Tessier-Lavigne M. iDISCO: a simple, rapid method to immunolabel large tissue samples for volume imaging. Cell 2014; 159:896-910. [PMID: 25417164 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 975] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The visualization of molecularly labeled structures within large intact tissues in three dimensions is an area of intense focus. We describe a simple, rapid, and inexpensive method, iDISCO, that permits whole-mount immunolabeling with volume imaging of large cleared samples ranging from perinatal mouse embryos to adult organs, such as brains or kidneys. iDISCO is modeled on classical histology techniques, facilitating translation of section staining assays to intact tissues, as evidenced by compatibility with 28 antibodies to both endogenous antigens and transgenic reporters like GFP. When applied to degenerating neurons, iDISCO revealed unexpected variability in number of apoptotic neurons within individual sensory ganglia despite tight control of total number in all ganglia. It also permitted imaging of single degenerating axons in adult brain and the first visualization of cleaved Caspase-3 in degenerating embryonic sensory axons in vivo, even single axons. iDISCO enables facile volume imaging of immunolabeled structures in complex tissues. PAPERCLIP:
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Renier
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Zhuhao Wu
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - David J Simon
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Pablo Ariel
- Bio-Imaging Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Marc Tessier-Lavigne
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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