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Murugesan K, Senthamarai T, Alshammari AS, Altamimi RM, Kreyenschulte C, Pohl MM, Lund H, Jagadeesh RV, Beller M. Cobalt-Nanoparticles Catalyzed Efficient and Selective Hydrogenation of Aromatic Hydrocarbons. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b02193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathiravan Murugesan
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Str. 29a, Rostock D-18059, Germany
| | | | - Ahmad S. Alshammari
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashid M. Altamimi
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Carsten Kreyenschulte
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Str. 29a, Rostock D-18059, Germany
| | - Marga-Martina Pohl
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Str. 29a, Rostock D-18059, Germany
| | - Henrik Lund
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Str. 29a, Rostock D-18059, Germany
| | - Rajenahally V. Jagadeesh
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Str. 29a, Rostock D-18059, Germany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Str. 29a, Rostock D-18059, Germany
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2
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Abstract
Syngas production from the partial oxidation of (bio)ethanol (POE) was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Fabio B. Noronha
- National Institute of Technology
- Catalysis Division
- Rio de Janeiro
- Brazil
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3
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Murugesan K, Senthamarai T, Sohail M, Alshammari AS, Pohl MM, Beller M, Jagadeesh RV. Cobalt-based nanoparticles prepared from MOF-carbon templates as efficient hydrogenation catalysts. Chem Sci 2018; 9:8553-8560. [PMID: 30568779 PMCID: PMC6251336 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc02807a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyrolysis of cobalt-terephthalic acid MOF template on carbon produces highly active and selective cobalt nanoparticles-based hydrogenation catalysts.
The development of efficient and selective nanostructured catalysts for industrially relevant hydrogenation reactions continues to be an actual goal of chemical research. In particular, the hydrogenation of nitriles and nitroarenes is of importance for the production of primary amines, which constitute essential feedstocks and key intermediates for advanced chemicals, life science molecules and materials. Herein, we report the preparation of graphene shell encapsulated Co3O4- and Co-nanoparticles supported on carbon by the template synthesis of cobalt-terephthalic acid MOF on carbon and subsequent pyrolysis. The resulting nanoparticles create stable and reusable catalysts for selective hydrogenation of functionalized and structurally diverse aromatic, heterocyclic and aliphatic nitriles, and as well as nitro compounds to primary amines (>65 examples). The synthetic and practical utility of this novel non-noble metal-based hydrogenation protocol is demonstrated by upscaling several reactions to multigram-scale and recycling of the catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathiravan Murugesan
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock , Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a , 18059 Rostock , Germany . ;
| | - Thirusangumurugan Senthamarai
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock , Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a , 18059 Rostock , Germany . ;
| | - Manzar Sohail
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock , Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a , 18059 Rostock , Germany . ; .,The Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology (CENT) , King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals , Dhahran 31261 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad S Alshammari
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology , Riyadh 11442 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Marga-Martina Pohl
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock , Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a , 18059 Rostock , Germany . ;
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock , Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a , 18059 Rostock , Germany . ;
| | - Rajenahally V Jagadeesh
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock , Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a , 18059 Rostock , Germany . ;
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4
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Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Otroshchenko T, Lund H, Pohl MM, Rodemerck U, Linke D, Jiao H, Jiang G, Kondratenko EV. Control of coordinatively unsaturated Zr sites in ZrO 2 for efficient C-H bond activation. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3794. [PMID: 30228314 PMCID: PMC6143600 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06174-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the complexity of heterogeneous catalysts, identification of active sites and the ways for their experimental design are not inherently straightforward but important for tailored catalyst preparation. The present study reveals the active sites for efficient C-H bond activation in C1-C4 alkanes over ZrO2 free of any metals or metal oxides usually catalysing this reaction. Quantum chemical calculations suggest that two Zr cations located at an oxygen vacancy are responsible for the homolytic C-H bond dissociation. This pathway differs from that reported for other metal oxides used for alkane activation, where metal cation and neighbouring lattice oxygen form the active site. The concentration of anion vacancies in ZrO2 can be controlled through adjusting the crystallite size. Accordingly designed ZrO2 shows industrially relevant activity and durability in non-oxidative propane dehydrogenation and performs superior to state-of-the-art catalysts possessing Pt, CrOx, GaOx or VOx species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyuan Zhang
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany.,State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Tatiana Otroshchenko
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Henrik Lund
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Marga-Martina Pohl
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Uwe Rodemerck
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - David Linke
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Haijun Jiao
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Guiyuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China.
| | - Evgenii V Kondratenko
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany.
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5
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Hu XM, Hval HH, Bjerglund ET, Dalgaard KJ, Madsen MR, Pohl MM, Welter E, Lamagni P, Buhl KB, Bremholm M, Beller M, Pedersen SU, Skrydstrup T, Daasbjerg K. Selective CO2 Reduction to CO in Water using Earth-Abundant Metal and Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Electrocatalysts. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b01022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ming Hu
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Halvor Høen Hval
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Emil Tveden Bjerglund
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Monica Rohde Madsen
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marga-Martina Pohl
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Edmund Welter
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron
- A Research Centre of the Helmholtz Association, Notkestraße 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Paolo Lamagni
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kristian Birk Buhl
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Martin Bremholm
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Steen Uttrup Pedersen
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Troels Skrydstrup
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kim Daasbjerg
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
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6
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Ryabchuk P, Agostini G, Pohl MM, Lund H, Agapova A, Junge H, Junge K, Beller M. Intermetallic nickel silicide nanocatalyst-A non-noble metal-based general hydrogenation catalyst. Sci Adv 2018; 4:eaat0761. [PMID: 29888329 PMCID: PMC5993471 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aat0761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogenation reactions are essential processes in the chemical industry, giving access to a variety of valuable compounds including fine chemicals, agrochemicals, and pharmachemicals. On an industrial scale, hydrogenations are typically performed with precious metal catalysts or with base metal catalysts, such as Raney nickel, which requires special handling due to its pyrophoric nature. We report a stable and highly active intermetallic nickel silicide catalyst that can be used for hydrogenations of a wide range of unsaturated compounds. The catalyst is prepared via a straightforward procedure using SiO2 as the silicon atom source. The process involves thermal reduction of Si-O bonds in the presence of Ni nanoparticles at temperatures below 1000°C. The presence of silicon as a secondary component in the nickel metal lattice plays the key role in its properties and is of crucial importance for improved catalytic activity. This novel catalyst allows for efficient reduction of nitroarenes, carbonyls, nitriles, N-containing heterocycles, and unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds. Moreover, the reported catalyst can be used for oxidation reactions in the presence of molecular oxygen and is capable of promoting acceptorless dehydrogenation of unsaturated N-containing heterocycles, opening avenues for H2 storage in organic compounds. The generality of the nickel silicide catalyst is demonstrated in the hydrogenation of over a hundred of structurally diverse unsaturated compounds. The wide application scope and high catalytic activity of this novel catalyst make it a nice alternative to known general hydrogenation catalysts, such as Raney nickel and noble metal-based catalysts.
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7
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Tang C, Surkus AE, Chen F, Pohl MM, Agostini G, Schneider M, Junge H, Beller M. A Stable Nanocobalt Catalyst with Highly Dispersed CoN
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Active Sites for the Selective Dehydrogenation of Formic Acid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Conghui Tang
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Annette-Enrica Surkus
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Feng Chen
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Marga-Martina Pohl
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Giovanni Agostini
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Matthias Schneider
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Henrik Junge
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
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8
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Tang C, Surkus AE, Chen F, Pohl MM, Agostini G, Schneider M, Junge H, Beller M. A Stable Nanocobalt Catalyst with Highly Dispersed CoN
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Active Sites for the Selective Dehydrogenation of Formic Acid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:16616-16620. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Conghui Tang
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Annette-Enrica Surkus
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Feng Chen
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Marga-Martina Pohl
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Giovanni Agostini
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Matthias Schneider
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Henrik Junge
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
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9
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Jagadeesh RV, Murugesan K, Alshammari AS, Neumann H, Pohl MM, Radnik J, Beller M. MOF-derived cobalt nanoparticles catalyze a general synthesis of amines. Science 2017; 358:326-332. [PMID: 28935769 DOI: 10.1126/science.aan6245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 385] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The development of base metal catalysts for the synthesis of pharmaceutically relevant compounds remains an important goal of chemical research. Here, we report that cobalt nanoparticles encapsulated by a graphitic shell are broadly effective reductive amination catalysts. Their convenient and practical preparation entailed template assembly of cobalt-diamine-dicarboxylic acid metal organic frameworks on carbon and subsequent pyrolysis under inert atmosphere. The resulting stable and reusable catalysts were active for synthesis of primary, secondary, tertiary, and N-methylamines (more than 140 examples). The reaction couples easily accessible carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones) with ammonia, amines, or nitro compounds, and molecular hydrogen under industrially viable and scalable conditions, offering cost-effective access to numerous amines, amino acid derivatives, and more complex drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajenahally V Jagadeesh
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Strasse 29a, Rostock, D-18059, Germany
| | - Kathiravan Murugesan
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Strasse 29a, Rostock, D-18059, Germany
| | - Ahmad S Alshammari
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Post Office Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Helfried Neumann
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Strasse 29a, Rostock, D-18059, Germany
| | - Marga-Martina Pohl
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Strasse 29a, Rostock, D-18059, Germany
| | - Jörg Radnik
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Strasse 29a, Rostock, D-18059, Germany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Strasse 29a, Rostock, D-18059, Germany.
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10
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Sahoo B, Surkus AE, Pohl MM, Radnik J, Schneider M, Bachmann S, Scalone M, Junge K, Beller M. A Biomass-Derived Non-Noble Cobalt Catalyst for Selective Hydrodehalogenation of Alkyl and (Hetero)Aryl Halides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201702478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Basudev Sahoo
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Annette-Enrica Surkus
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Marga-Martina Pohl
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Jörg Radnik
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Matthias Schneider
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Stephan Bachmann
- Process Chemistry and Catalysis; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.; Grenzacherstrasse 124 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Michelangelo Scalone
- Process Chemistry and Catalysis; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.; Grenzacherstrasse 124 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Kathrin Junge
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
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11
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Sahoo B, Surkus AE, Pohl MM, Radnik J, Schneider M, Bachmann S, Scalone M, Junge K, Beller M. A Biomass-Derived Non-Noble Cobalt Catalyst for Selective Hydrodehalogenation of Alkyl and (Hetero)Aryl Halides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:11242-11247. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201702478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Basudev Sahoo
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Annette-Enrica Surkus
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Marga-Martina Pohl
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Jörg Radnik
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Matthias Schneider
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Stephan Bachmann
- Process Chemistry and Catalysis; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.; Grenzacherstrasse 124 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Michelangelo Scalone
- Process Chemistry and Catalysis; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.; Grenzacherstrasse 124 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Kathrin Junge
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
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12
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Cui X, Junge K, Dai X, Kreyenschulte C, Pohl MM, Wohlrab S, Shi F, Brückner A, Beller M. Synthesis of Single Atom Based Heterogeneous Platinum Catalysts: High Selectivity and Activity for Hydrosilylation Reactions. ACS Cent Sci 2017; 3:580-585. [PMID: 28691069 PMCID: PMC5492251 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.7b00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic hydrosilylation represents a straightforward and atom-efficient methodology for the creation of C-Si bonds. In general, the application of homogeneous platinum complexes prevails in industry and academia. Herein, we describe the first heterogeneous single atom catalysts (SACs), which are conveniently prepared by decorating alumina nanorods with platinum atoms. The resulting stable material efficiently catalyzes hydrosilylation of industrially relevant olefins with high TON (≈105). A variety of substrates is selectively hydrosilylated including compounds with sensitive reducible and other functional groups (N, B, F, Cl). The single atom based catalyst shows significantly higher activity compared to related Pt nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjiang Cui
- Leibniz-Institut
für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Kathrin Junge
- Leibniz-Institut
für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Xingchao Dai
- State
Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, No. 18,
Tianshui Middle Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Carsten Kreyenschulte
- Leibniz-Institut
für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Marga-Martina Pohl
- Leibniz-Institut
für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Sebastian Wohlrab
- Leibniz-Institut
für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Feng Shi
- State
Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, No. 18,
Tianshui Middle Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Angelika Brückner
- Leibniz-Institut
für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut
für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
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13
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Petrova O, Kulp C, Pohl MM, ter Veen R, Veith L, Grehl T, van den Berg MWE, Brongersma H, Bron M, Grünert W. Back Cover: Chemical Leaching of Pt-Cu/C Catalysts for Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction: Activity, Particle Structure, and Relation to Electrochemical Leaching (ChemElectroChem 11/2016). ChemElectroChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201600599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Petrova
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr; 45470 Mülheim Germany
| | - Christian Kulp
- Institut für Chemie; Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle/Saale; Halle (Saale) Germany
- Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft; Petuelring 130 80788 München Germany
| | - Marga-Martina Pohl
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. Albert-Einstein-Straße 29A, 18059 Rostock; Rostock Germany
| | - Rik ter Veen
- Tascon GmbH, Mendelstraße 17, 48149 Münster; Münster Germany
| | - Lothar Veith
- Tascon GmbH, Mendelstraße 17, 48149 Münster; Münster Germany
| | - Thomas Grehl
- Ion-TOF GmbH, Heisenbergstraße 15, 48149 Münster; Münster Germany
| | | | - Hidde Brongersma
- Eindhoven University of Technology, De Rondom 70, 5612 AP Eindhoven, The Netherlands; Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Michael Bron
- Institut für Chemie; Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle/Saale; Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Wolfgang Grünert
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Chemie; Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum; 44780 Bochum Germany
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14
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Petrova O, Kulp C, Pohl MM, ter Veen R, Veith L, Grehl T, van den Berg MWE, Brongersma H, Bron M, Grünert W. Chemical Leaching of Pt-Cu/C Catalysts for Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction: Activity, Particle Structure, and Relation to Electrochemical Leaching. ChemElectroChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201600468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Petrova
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr; 45470 Mülheim Germany
| | - Christian Kulp
- Institut für Chemie; Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle/Saale; Halle (Saale) Germany
- Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft; Petuelring 130 80788 München Germany
| | - Marga-Martina Pohl
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. Albert-Einstein-Straße 29A, 18059 Rostock; Rostock Germany
| | - Rik ter Veen
- Tascon GmbH, Mendelstraße 17, 48149 Münster; Münster Germany
| | - Lothar Veith
- Tascon GmbH, Mendelstraße 17, 48149 Münster; Münster Germany
| | - Thomas Grehl
- Ion-TOF GmbH, Heisenbergstraße 15, 48149 Münster; Münster Germany
| | | | - Hidde Brongersma
- Eindhoven University of Technology, De Rondom 70, 5612 AP Eindhoven, The Netherlands; Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Michael Bron
- Institut für Chemie; Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle/Saale; Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Wolfgang Grünert
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Chemie; Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum; 44780 Bochum Germany
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15
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Ahlers SJ, Kraehnert R, Kreyenschulte C, Pohl MM, Linke D, Kondratenko EV. Propanol formation from CO2 and C2H4 with H2 over Au/TiO2: Effect of support and K doping. Catal Today 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Pisiewicz S, Formenti D, Surkus AE, Pohl MM, Radnik J, Junge K, Topf C, Bachmann S, Scalone M, Beller M. Synthesis of Nickel Nanoparticles with N-Doped Graphene Shells for Catalytic Reduction Reactions. ChemCatChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201500848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Pisiewicz
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Dario Formenti
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Annette-Enrica Surkus
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Marga-Martina Pohl
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Jörg Radnik
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Kathrin Junge
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Christoph Topf
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Stephan Bachmann
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG; Process Research and Development; CoE Catalysis; 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Michelangelo Scalone
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG; Process Research and Development; CoE Catalysis; 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
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17
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Bartling S, Pohl MM, Meiwes-Broer KH, Barke I. Morphological impact on the reaction kinetics of size-selected cobalt oxide nanoparticles. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:114301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4930853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Bartling
- Department of Physics, University of Rostock, Universitätsplatz 3, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Marga-Martina Pohl
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Ingo Barke
- Department of Physics, University of Rostock, Universitätsplatz 3, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
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18
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Chen F, Surkus AE, He L, Pohl MM, Radnik J, Topf C, Junge K, Beller M. Selective Catalytic Hydrogenation of Heteroarenes with N-Graphene-Modified Cobalt Nanoparticles (Co3O4-Co/NGr@α-Al2O3). J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:11718-24. [PMID: 26293483 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b06496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cobalt oxide/cobalt-based nanoparticles featuring a core-shell structure and nitrogen-doped graphene layers on alumina are obtained by pyrolysis of Co(OAc)2/phenanthroline. The resulting core-shell material (Co3O4-Co/NGr@α-Al2O3) was successfully applied in the catalytic hydrogenation of a variety of N-heteroarenes including quinolines, acridines, benzo[h], and 1,5-naphthyridine as well as unprotected indoles. The peculiar structure of the novel heterogeneous catalyst enables activation of molecular hydrogen at comparably low temperature. Both high activity and selectivity were achieved in these hydrogenation processes, to give important building blocks for bioactive compounds as well as the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock , Albert-Einstein Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Annette-Enrica Surkus
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock , Albert-Einstein Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Lin He
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock , Albert-Einstein Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Marga-Martina Pohl
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock , Albert-Einstein Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Jörg Radnik
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock , Albert-Einstein Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Christoph Topf
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock , Albert-Einstein Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Kathrin Junge
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock , Albert-Einstein Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock , Albert-Einstein Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
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19
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Dura L, Ahrens J, Pohl MM, Höfler S, Bröring M, Beweries T. Design of BODIPY Dyes as Photosensitisers in Multicomponent Catalyst Systems for Light-Driven Hydrogen Production. Chemistry 2015; 21:13549-52. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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20
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Bartling S, Yin C, Barke I, Oldenburg K, Hartmann H, von Oeynhausen V, Pohl MM, Houben K, Tyo EC, Seifert S, Lievens P, Meiwes-Broer KH, Vajda S. Pronounced Size Dependence in Structure and Morphology of Gas-Phase Produced, Partially Oxidized Cobalt Nanoparticles under Catalytic Reaction Conditions. ACS Nano 2015; 9:5984-5998. [PMID: 26027910 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b00791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
It is generally accepted that optimal particle sizes are key for efficient nanocatalysis. Much less attention is paid to the role of morphology and atomic arrangement during catalytic reactions. Here, we unravel the structural, stoichiometric, and morphological evolution of gas-phase produced and partially oxidized cobalt nanoparticles in a broad size range. Particles with diameters between 1.4 and 22 nm generated in cluster sources are size selected and deposited on amorphous alumina (Al2O3) and ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) films. A combination of different techniques is employed to monitor particle properties at the stages of production, exposure to ambient conditions, and catalytic reaction, in this case, the oxidative dehydrogenation of cyclohexane at elevated temperatures. A pronounced size dependence is found, naturally classifying the particles into three size regimes. While small and intermediate clusters essentially retain their compact morphology, large particles transform into hollow spheres due to the nanoscale Kirkendall effect. Depending on the substrate, an isotropic (Al2O3) or anisotropic (UNCD) Kirkendall effect is observed. The latter results in dramatic lateral size changes. Our results shed light on the interplay between chemical reactions and the catalyst's structure and provide an approach to tailor the cobalt oxide phase composition required for specific catalytic schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Bartling
- †Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, Universitätsplatz 3, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Ingo Barke
- †Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, Universitätsplatz 3, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Kevin Oldenburg
- †Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, Universitätsplatz 3, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Hannes Hartmann
- †Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, Universitätsplatz 3, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Viola von Oeynhausen
- †Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, Universitätsplatz 3, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Marga-Martina Pohl
- ¶Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Kelly Houben
- §Laboratory of Solid-State Physics and Magnetism, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200d, Box 2414, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Peter Lievens
- §Laboratory of Solid-State Physics and Magnetism, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200d, Box 2414, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Stefan Vajda
- #Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, 10 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- @Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, 5801 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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21
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Priebe JB, Radnik J, Lennox AJJ, Pohl MM, Karnahl M, Hollmann D, Grabow K, Bentrup U, Junge H, Beller M, Brückner A. Solar Hydrogen Production by Plasmonic Au–TiO2 Catalysts: Impact of Synthesis Protocol and TiO2 Phase on Charge Transfer Efficiency and H2 Evolution Rates. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/cs5018375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline B. Priebe
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jörg Radnik
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Alastair J. J. Lennox
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Marga-Martina Pohl
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Michael Karnahl
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Dirk Hollmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Kathleen Grabow
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Ursula Bentrup
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Henrik Junge
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Angelika Brückner
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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22
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Stemmler T, Surkus AE, Pohl MM, Junge K, Beller M. Iron-catalyzed synthesis of secondary amines: on the way to green reductive aminations. ChemSusChem 2014; 7:3012-6. [PMID: 25196429 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201402413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Amines represent important intermediates in chemical and biological processes. Herein, we describe the use of a nanostructured iron-based catalyst for the tandem reductive amination between nitroarenes and aldehydes using hydrogen as reductant. The nanostructured iron-catalyst is prepared by immobilization of an iron-phenanthroline complex onto a commercially available carbon support. In the reaction sequence a primary amine is formed in situ from the corresponding nitro compound. Reversible condensation with aldehydes forms the respective imines, which are finally reduced to the desired secondary amine. This synthesis of secondary amines is atom-economical and environmentally attractive using cheap and readily available organic compounds as starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Stemmler
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Strasse 29a, Rostock 18059 (Germany)
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Grünert W, Großmann D, Noei H, Pohl MM, Sinev I, De Toni A, Wang Y, Muhler M. How Different Characterization Techniques Elucidate the Nature of the Gold Species in a Polycrystalline Au/TiO2Catalyst. CHEM-ING-TECH 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201400039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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24
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Nassr ABAA, Sinev I, Pohl MM, Grünert W, Bron M. Rapid Microwave-Assisted Polyol Reduction for the Preparation of Highly Active PtNi/CNT Electrocatalysts for Methanol Oxidation. ACS Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/cs401140g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abu Bakr Ahmed Amine Nassr
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science II, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ilya Sinev
- Laboratory
of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Marga-Martina Pohl
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Grünert
- Laboratory
of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael Bron
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science II, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Huynh TM, Armbruster U, Pohl MM, Schneider M, Radnik J, Hoang DL, Phan BMQ, Nguyen DA, Martin A. Hydrodeoxygenation of Phenol as a Model Compound for Bio-oil on Non-noble Bimetallic Nickel-based Catalysts. ChemCatChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201402011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Banerjee D, Jagadeesh RV, Junge K, Pohl MM, Radnik J, Brückner A, Beller M. Convenient and Mild Epoxidation of Alkenes Using Heterogeneous Cobalt Oxide Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:4359-63. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201310420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Banerjee D, Jagadeesh RV, Junge K, Pohl MM, Radnik J, Brückner A, Beller M. Convenient and Mild Epoxidation of Alkenes Using Heterogeneous Cobalt Oxide Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201310420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Grünert W, Großmann D, Noei H, Pohl MM, Sinev I, De Toni A, Wang Y, Muhler M. Low-Temperature Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide with Gold(III) Ions Supported on Titanium Oxide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:3245-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201308206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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29
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Grünert W, Großmann D, Noei H, Pohl MM, Sinev I, De Toni A, Wang Y, Muhler M. Tieftemperatur-CO-Oxidation mit Au3+-Ionen auf TiO2. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201308206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Siyo B, Schneider M, Pohl MM, Langer P, Steinfeldt N. Synthesis, Characterization, and Application of PVP-Pd NP in the Aerobic Oxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). Catal Letters 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-013-1186-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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31
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Jagadeesh RV, Surkus AE, Junge H, Pohl MM, Radnik J, Rabeah J, Huan H, Schünemann V, Brückner A, Beller M. Nanoscale Fe2O3-based catalysts for selective hydrogenation of nitroarenes to anilines. Science 2013; 342:1073-6. [PMID: 24288327 DOI: 10.1126/science.1242005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 618] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Production of anilines--key intermediates for the fine chemical, agrochemical, and pharmaceutical industries--relies on precious metal catalysts that selectively hydrogenate aryl nitro groups in the presence of other easily reducible functionalities. Herein, we report convenient and stable iron oxide (Fe2O3)-based catalysts as a more earth-abundant alternative for this transformation. Pyrolysis of iron-phenanthroline complexes on carbon furnishes a unique structure in which the active Fe2O3 particles are surrounded by a nitrogen-doped carbon layer. Highly selective hydrogenation of numerous structurally diverse nitroarenes (more than 80 examples) proceeded in good to excellent yield under industrially viable conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajenahally V Jagadeesh
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Strasse 29a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
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Jagadeesh RV, Junge H, Pohl MM, Radnik J, Brückner A, Beller M. Selective oxidation of alcohols to esters using heterogeneous Co3O4-N@C catalysts under mild conditions. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:10776-82. [PMID: 23668302 DOI: 10.1021/ja403615c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 297] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Novel cobalt-based heterogeneous catalysts have been developed for the direct oxidative esterification of alcohols using molecular oxygen as benign oxidant. Pyrolysis of nitrogen-ligated cobalt(II) acetate supported on commercial carbon transforms typical homogeneous complexes to highly active and selective heterogeneous Co3O4-N@C materials. By applying these catalysts in the presence of oxygen, the cross and self-esterification of alcohols to esters proceeds in good to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajenahally V Jagadeesh
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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Westerhaus FA, Jagadeesh RV, Wienhöfer G, Pohl MM, Radnik J, Surkus AE, Rabeah J, Junge K, Junge H, Nielsen M, Brückner A, Beller M. Heterogenized cobalt oxide catalysts for nitroarene reduction by pyrolysis of molecularly defined complexes. Nat Chem 2013; 5:537-43. [PMID: 23695637 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.1645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 439] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Molecularly well-defined homogeneous catalysts are known for a wide variety of chemical transformations. The effect of small changes in molecular structure can be studied in detail and used to optimize many processes. However, many industrial processes require heterogeneous catalysts because of their stability, ease of separation and recyclability, but these are more difficult to control on a molecular level. Here, we describe the conversion of homogeneous cobalt complexes into heterogeneous cobalt oxide catalysts via immobilization and pyrolysis on activated carbon. The catalysts thus produced are useful for the industrially important reduction of nitroarenes to anilines. The ligand indirectly controls the selectivity and activity of the recyclable catalyst and catalyst optimization can be performed at the level of the solution-phase precursor before conversion into the active heterogeneous catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix A Westerhaus
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein Straße 29a, Rostock 18059, Germany
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Hansen S, Pohl MM, Klahn M, Spannenberg A, Beweries T. Investigation and enhancement of the stability and performance of water reduction systems based on cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes. ChemSusChem 2013; 6:92-101. [PMID: 23147800 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201200617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Water reduction systems that use a bis-cyclometalated Ir(III) photosensitiser (PS) along with homogeneous Pd complexes as a source of in-situ-formed colloidal Pd as the water reducing complex (WRC) and triethylamine (TEA) as the sacrificial electron donor were tested and characterised with respect to their photocatalytic H(2) production performance. It was confirmed that substitution of the 2-(pyridin-2-yl)benzen-1-ide (pyb) ligand in the well-known system [Ir(pyb)(2)(bpy)](+) (bpy=2,2'-bipyridine) by the fluorinated cyclometalating ligand 5-fluoro-2-(5-methylpyridin-2-yl)benzen-1-ide (Fmpyb) tremendously enhanced the H(2) production rate. Moreover, variation of the bidentate N^N ligand bpy by alkyl substitution in the 4,4'-position resulted in an increase in the H(2) production yield by a factor of three. The incident-photon-to-hydrogen-efficiency could be enhanced from 2.6 to 12.3%. Furthermore, a new dinuclear Co complex was used as a reduction catalyst and showed up to 760 turnovers after 20 h. A detailed study of the concentration impact of all components in the photoredox system was performed. DFT calculations were used to aid the explanation of the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Hansen
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29 A, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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Kondratenko EV, Amrute AP, Pohl MM, Steinfeldt N, Mondelli C, Pérez-Ramírez J. Superior activity of rutile-supported ruthenium nanoparticles for HCl oxidation. Catal Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cy00372h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Madaan N, Gatla S, Kalevaru VN, Radnik J, Pohl MM, Lücke B, Brückner A, Martin A. The Impact of Reaction Pressure on the Catalytic Performance of the PdSb/TiO 2Catalyst in the Acetoxylation of Toluene into Benzyl Acetate. ChemCatChem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201200522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Junge H, Marquet N, Kammer A, Denurra S, Bauer M, Wohlrab S, Gärtner F, Pohl MM, Spannenberg A, Gladiali S, Beller M. Cover Picture: Water Oxidation with Molecularly Defined Iridium Complexes: Insights into Homogeneous versus Heterogeneous Catalysis (Chem. Eur. J. 40/2012). Chemistry 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201290172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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38
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Junge H, Marquet N, Kammer A, Denurra S, Bauer M, Wohlrab S, Gärtner F, Pohl MM, Spannenberg A, Gladiali S, Beller M. Water Oxidation with Molecularly Defined Iridium Complexes: Insights into Homogeneous versus Heterogeneous Catalysis. Chemistry 2012; 18:12749-58. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Berger-Karin C, Sebek M, Pohl MM, Bentrup U, Kondratenko VA, Steinfeldt N, Kondratenko EV. Tailored Noble Metal Nanoparticles on γ-Al2O3for High Temperature CH4Conversion to Syngas. ChemCatChem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201200096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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40
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Gärtner F, Losse S, Boddien A, Pohl MM, Denurra S, Junge H, Beller M. Hydrogen evolution from water/alcohol mixtures: effective in situ generation of an active Au/TiO2 catalyst. ChemSusChem 2012; 5:530-533. [PMID: 22034288 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201100281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Revised: 07/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Gold standard: Au/TiO(2) catalysts, easily prepared in situ from different Au precursors and TiO(2), generate hydrogen from water/alcohol mixtures. Different alcohols, and even glucose, can serve as sacrificial reductants. The best system produces hydrogen on a liter scale, and is stable for more than two days. Deuteration studies show that proton reduction is likely the rate-limiting step in this reaction.
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Marquet N, Gärtner F, Losse S, Pohl MM, Junge H, Beller M. Simple and efficient iridium(III)-catalyzed water oxidations. ChemSusChem 2011; 4:1598-1600. [PMID: 21793224 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201100217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
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Jagadeesh RV, Wienhöfer G, Westerhaus FA, Surkus AE, Pohl MM, Junge H, Junge K, Beller M. Efficient and highly selective iron-catalyzed reduction of nitroarenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:10972-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc13728j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Suresh G, Radnik J, Kalevaru VN, Pohl MM, Schneider M, Lücke B, Martin A, Madaan N, Brückner A. Tailoring the synthesis of supported Pd catalysts towards desired structure and size of metal particles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:4833-42. [DOI: 10.1039/b920464d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Pohl MM, Radnik J, Schneider M, Bentrup U, Linke D, Brückner A, Ferguson E. Bimetallic PdAu–KOac/SiO2 catalysts for vinyl acetate monomer (VAM) synthesis: Insights into deactivation under industrial conditions. J Catal 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2009.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Shi F, Tse MK, Zhou S, Pohl MM, Radnik J, Hübner S, Jähnisch K, Brückner A, Beller M. Green and Efficient Synthesis of Sulfonamides Catalyzed by Nano-Ru/Fe3O4. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:1775-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja807681v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Shi
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany, Centre for Life Science Automation (CELISCA), University of Rostock, Friedrich-Barnewitz-Strasse 8, D-18119 Rostock-Warnemünde, Germany, and Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Aussenstelle Berlin Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 3,12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Man Kin Tse
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany, Centre for Life Science Automation (CELISCA), University of Rostock, Friedrich-Barnewitz-Strasse 8, D-18119 Rostock-Warnemünde, Germany, and Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Aussenstelle Berlin Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 3,12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Shaolin Zhou
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany, Centre for Life Science Automation (CELISCA), University of Rostock, Friedrich-Barnewitz-Strasse 8, D-18119 Rostock-Warnemünde, Germany, and Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Aussenstelle Berlin Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 3,12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marga-Martina Pohl
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany, Centre for Life Science Automation (CELISCA), University of Rostock, Friedrich-Barnewitz-Strasse 8, D-18119 Rostock-Warnemünde, Germany, and Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Aussenstelle Berlin Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 3,12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Radnik
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany, Centre for Life Science Automation (CELISCA), University of Rostock, Friedrich-Barnewitz-Strasse 8, D-18119 Rostock-Warnemünde, Germany, and Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Aussenstelle Berlin Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 3,12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sandra Hübner
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany, Centre for Life Science Automation (CELISCA), University of Rostock, Friedrich-Barnewitz-Strasse 8, D-18119 Rostock-Warnemünde, Germany, and Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Aussenstelle Berlin Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 3,12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Jähnisch
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany, Centre for Life Science Automation (CELISCA), University of Rostock, Friedrich-Barnewitz-Strasse 8, D-18119 Rostock-Warnemünde, Germany, and Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Aussenstelle Berlin Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 3,12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Angelika Brückner
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany, Centre for Life Science Automation (CELISCA), University of Rostock, Friedrich-Barnewitz-Strasse 8, D-18119 Rostock-Warnemünde, Germany, and Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Aussenstelle Berlin Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 3,12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany, Centre for Life Science Automation (CELISCA), University of Rostock, Friedrich-Barnewitz-Strasse 8, D-18119 Rostock-Warnemünde, Germany, and Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Aussenstelle Berlin Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 3,12489 Berlin, Germany
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Radnik J, Benhmid A, Kalevaru VN, Pohl MM, Martin A, Lücke B, Dingerdissen U. Deactivation of Pd acetoxylation catalysts: direct observations by XPS investigations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 44:6771-4. [PMID: 16187392 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200501650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Radnik
- Institut für Angewandte Chemie Berlin-Adlershof e.V. Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 12, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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Radnik J, Benhmid A, Kalevaru VN, Pohl MM, Martin A, Lücke B, Dingerdissen U. Desaktivierung von Pd-Katalysatoren zur Acetoxylierung: direkte Beobachtung durch XPS-Untersuchungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200501650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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48
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Martin A, Armbruster U, Schneider M, Radnik J, Pohl MM. Structural transformation of an alumina-supported MnO2–CuO oxidation catalyst by hydrothermal impact of sub- and supercritical water. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1039/b107982b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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49
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Pitsch I, Geßner W, Brückner A, Mehner H, Möhmel S, Uecker DC, Pohl MM. Synthesis and characterization of Fe2O3 containing aluminas by thermal decomposition of modified ammonium dawsonite. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1039/b101466h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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