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Guillet M. [Communicating about the flare-up and its treatment]. Soins 2023; 68:32-34. [PMID: 37037641 DOI: 10.1016/j.soin.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis progresses by relapse. It is therefore necessary to know how to identify this phenomenon in order to be able to provide the best possible support to patients. The term "relapse" is used to characterize the period of a few days to a few weeks during which an attack of inflammation of the myelin occurs. Depending on the area affected, the symptoms will be different. To qualify as a relapse, the patient must have had new, permanent symptoms for at least 24 hours without fever or signs of infection and within 30 days of the last relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Guillet
- Service neurologie, centre hospitalier universitaire de Rennes, 2 rue Henri-le-Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France; Association Neuro-Bretagne, centre hospitalier universitaire de Rennes, 2 rue Henri-le-Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France.
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Joshi Y, Petit CP, Miot S, Guillet M, Sendin G, Bourien J, Wang J, Pujol R, El Mestikawy S, Puel JL, Nouvian R. VGLUT3-p.A211V variant fuses stereocilia bundles and elongates synaptic ribbons. J Physiol 2021; 599:5397-5416. [PMID: 34783032 PMCID: PMC9299590 DOI: 10.1113/jp282181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract DFNA25 is an autosomal‐dominant and progressive form of human deafness caused by mutations in the SLC17A8 gene, which encodes the vesicular glutamate transporter type 3 (VGLUT3). To resolve the mechanisms underlying DFNA25, we studied phenotypes of mice harbouring the p.A221V mutation in humans (corresponding to p.A224V in mice). Using auditory brainstem response and distortion product otoacoustic emissions, we showed progressive hearing loss with intact cochlear amplification in the VGLUT3A224V/A224V mouse. The summating potential was reduced, indicating the alteration of inner hair cell (IHC) receptor potential. Scanning electron microscopy examinations demonstrated the collapse of stereocilia bundles in IHCs, leaving those from outer hair cells unaffected. In addition, IHC ribbon synapses underwent structural and functional modifications at later stages. Using super‐resolution microscopy, we observed oversized synaptic ribbons and patch‐clamp membrane capacitance measurements showed an increase in the rate of the sustained releasable pool exocytosis. These results suggest that DFNA25 stems from a failure in the mechano‐transduction followed by a change in synaptic transfer. The VGLUT3A224V/A224V mouse model opens the way to a deeper understanding and to a potential treatment for DFNA25. Key points The vesicular glutamate transporter type 3 (VGLUT3) loads glutamate into the synaptic vesicles of auditory sensory cells, the inner hair cells (IHCs). The VGLUT3‐p.A211V variant is associated with human deafness DFNA25. Mutant mice carrying the VGLUT3‐p.A211V variant show progressive hearing loss. IHCs from mutant mice harbour distorted stereocilary bundles, which detect incoming sound stimulation, followed by oversized synaptic ribbons, which release glutamate onto the afferent nerve fibres. These results suggest that DFNA25 stems from the failure of auditory sensory cells to faithfully transduce acoustic cues into neural messages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuvraj Joshi
- INM, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Stéphanie Miot
- INM, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France.,Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie UM 119, Neurosciences Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Jing Wang
- INM, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Rémy Pujol
- INM, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Salah El Mestikawy
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie UM 119, Neurosciences Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), Paris, France.,Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Régis Nouvian
- INM, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France.,INM, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
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Minvielle E, Ferrua M, di Palma M, Fourcade A, Guillet M, Mathivon D, Puglisi V, Mir O. Providing a nurse-led telephone intervention for patients treated with oral anticancer medication: Symptom management and adherence monitoring. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz276.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Ferrua M, di Palma M, Fourcade A, Guillet M, Mathivon D, Puglisi V, Mir O, Minvielle E. Patient experience and use of an intervention combining nurse-led telephone and technologies for the monitoring of oral cancer medication. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz272.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Delahaye M, Goudot G, Galloula A, Zarka S, Guillet M, Jeunemaitre X, Sapoval M, Messas E, Mirault T. P747Characteristics of upper limb arterial involvement in thromboangeiitis obliterans patients. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy564.p747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Delahaye
- AP-HP - European Hospital Georges Pompidou, Vascular Medicine Service, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - G Goudot
- AP-HP - European Hospital Georges Pompidou, Vascular Medicine Service, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - A Galloula
- AP-HP - European Hospital Georges Pompidou, Vascular Medicine Service, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - S Zarka
- AP-HP - European Hospital Georges Pompidou, Vascular Medicine Service, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - M Guillet
- AP-HP - European Hospital Georges Pompidou, Vascular Medicine Service, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - X Jeunemaitre
- AP-HP - European Hospital Georges Pompidou, Cardiovascular Genetic Unit, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - M Sapoval
- European Hospital Georges Pompidou, Interventional Radiology, Paris, France
| | - E Messas
- AP-HP - European Hospital Georges Pompidou, Vascular Medicine Service, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - T Mirault
- AP-HP - European Hospital Georges Pompidou, Vascular Medicine Service, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
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Garcia J, Forestier J, Dusserre E, Rodriguez-Lafrasse C, Cheynet V, Wosny A, Ferraro Peyret C, Brengel-Pesce K, Guillet M, Chauvenet M, Couraud S, Brevet M, Walter T, Payen L. Comparison of performances of three technologies for detection of RAS mutations in cfDNA (NGS strategy, BEAMing assay and ddPCR BioRAD assay). Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx393.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Rogier T, Gerfaud-Valentin M, Pouteil-Noble C, Taleb A, Guillet M, Noel A, Broussolle C, Sève P. [Clinical efficacy of eculizumab as treatment of gemcitabine-induced thrombotic microangiopathy: A case report]. Rev Med Interne 2016; 37:701-704. [PMID: 26833144 DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2015.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gemcitabine-induced thrombotic microangiopathy is a rare event whose management is not yet consensual. The use of eculizumab could be of interest. CASE REPORT A 68-year-old woman was treated by gemcitabine as adjuvant chemotherapy of a pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Two months later, the patient presented with mechanical hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and high blood pressure that led to the diagnosis of thrombotic microangiopathy. Gemcitabine was stopped. Plasma exchange therapy was introduced since hematological and renal parameters had worsened. As clinical efficacy was insufficient, eculizumab was introduced at a dose of 900 mg per week 4 times, then 1200 mg every 2 weeks. Symptoms along with hematological and nephrological analysis were back to physiological standards after 7 intravenous injections. CONCLUSION Eculizumab seems to be an effective treatment against gemcitabine-induced thrombotic microangiopathy in case of severe hematological and renal injuries associated with a lack of response to plasma exchange therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Rogier
- Service de médecine interne, hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, hospices civils de Lyon, 103, grande rue de la Croix-Rousse, 69317 Lyon cedex 04, France
| | - M Gerfaud-Valentin
- Service de médecine interne, hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, hospices civils de Lyon, 103, grande rue de la Croix-Rousse, 69317 Lyon cedex 04, France
| | - C Pouteil-Noble
- Service de transplantation, de néphrologie et d'immunologie clinique, hôpital Édouard-Herriot, hospices civils de Lyon, 5, place d'Arsonval, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - A Taleb
- Service de médecine interne, hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, hospices civils de Lyon, 103, grande rue de la Croix-Rousse, 69317 Lyon cedex 04, France
| | - M Guillet
- Service d'hépato-gastro-entérologie et de nutrition clinique, hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, hospices civils de Lyon, 103, grande rue de la Croix-Rousse, 69317 Lyon cedex 04, France
| | - A Noel
- Service de réanimation médicale, hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, hospices civils de Lyon, 103, grande rue de la Croix-Rousse, 69317 Lyon cedex 04, France
| | - C Broussolle
- Service de médecine interne, hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, hospices civils de Lyon, 103, grande rue de la Croix-Rousse, 69317 Lyon cedex 04, France
| | - P Sève
- Service de médecine interne, hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, hospices civils de Lyon, 103, grande rue de la Croix-Rousse, 69317 Lyon cedex 04, France.
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Guillet M, Vauloup-Fellous C, Cordier AG, Grangeot-Keros L, Benoist G, Nedellec S, Benachi A, Freymuth F, Picone O. Rougeole chez la femme enceinte : mise au point. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 41:209-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgyn.2012.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2011] [Revised: 01/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Heresbach D, Vedrenne B, Laugier R, Saurin JC, Burtin P, Bories E, Guillet M, Ponchon T, Richard-Molard B, Arpurt JP, Boustière C, Bulois P, Burtin P, Calazel A, Canard JM, Heresbach D, Lesur G, Lapuelle J, Laugier R, Prat F, Pujol B, Richard-Molard B, Saurin JC, Systchenko R, Pienkowski P, Ponchon T. Consensus en endoscopie digestive : Conduite à tenir après polypectomie ou mucosectomie rectocolique selon le résultat de l’analyse d’anatomie pathologique. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10190-011-0179-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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De Bari B, Guillet M, Mornex F. Radiothérapie en conditions stéréotaxiques des métastases hépatiques. Cancer Radiother 2011; 15:72-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2010.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2010] [Accepted: 04/08/2010] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Brouard S, Puig-Pey I, Lozano JJ, Pallier A, Braud C, Giral M, Guillet M, Londoño MC, Oppenheimer F, Campistol JM, Soulillou JP, Sanchez-Fueyo A. Comparative transcriptional and phenotypic peripheral blood analysis of kidney recipients under cyclosporin A or sirolimus monotherapy. Am J Transplant 2010; 10:2604-14. [PMID: 21114641 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2010.03302.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Due to its low level of nephrotoxicity and capacity to harness tolerogenic pathways, sirolimus (SRL) has been proposed as an alternative to calcineurin inhibitors in transplantation. The exact mechanisms underlying its unique immunosuppressive profile in humans, however, are still not well understood. In the current study, we aimed to depict the in vivo effects of SRL in comparison with cyclosporin A (CSA) by employing gene expression profiling and multiparameter flow cytometry on blood cells collected from stable kidney recipients under immunosuppressant monotherapy. SRL recipients displayed an increased frequency of CD4 + CD25highFoxp3 + T cells. However, this was accompanied by an increased number of effector memory T cells and by enrichment in NFkB-related pro-inflammatory expression pathways and monocyte and NK cell lineage-specific transcripts. Furthermore, measurement of a transcriptional signature characteristic of operationally tolerant kidney recipients failed to detect differences between SRL and CSA-treated recipients. In conclusion, we show here that the blood transcriptional profile induced by SRL monotherapy in vivo does not resemble that of operationally tolerant recipients and is dominated by innate immune cells and NFkB-related pro-inflammatory events. These data provide novel insights on the complex effects of SLR on the immune system in clinical transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Brouard
- Institut National de Santé Et de Recherche Médicale INSERM U643, and Institut de Transplantation Et de Recherche en Transplantation ITERT, Nantes, F-44093 France.
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Guillet M, Bille E, Lecuyer H, Taieb F, Masse V, Lanternier F, Lage-Ryke N, Talbi A, Degand N, Lortholary O, Nassif X, Zahar JR. Épidémiologie des patients porteurs d’entérobactéries sécrétrices de bêtalactamase à spectre élargi (EBLSE), à l’admission. Med Mal Infect 2010; 40:632-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2010.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2009] [Revised: 02/16/2010] [Accepted: 04/21/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Picone O, Ami O, Vauloup-Fellous C, Martinez V, Guillet M, Dupont-Bernabé C, Donnadieu AC, Trichot C, Senat MV, Fernandez H, Frydman R. Pandémie de grippe A H1N1 2009 et grossesse : épidémiologie, diagnostic et prise en charge. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 38:615-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgyn.2009.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2009] [Revised: 09/18/2009] [Accepted: 09/23/2009] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Foucher A, Martinez V, Deback C, Guillet M, Agut H, Caumes E. M-08 Infections à virus Herpes Simplex résistant à l’aciclovir chez des patients infectés par le virus de l’immunodéficience humaine (VIH). Med Mal Infect 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-077x(08)73181-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Marion-Audibert AM, Mesnil A, Guillet M, Rode A, Mabrut JY, Garbit V, Lepoutre-Dujardin E, Pere-Verge D, Baulieux J, Souquet JC. [Pseudoaneurysm of the hepatic artery: rare complication of chronic pancreatitis]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 32:74-8. [PMID: 18405652 DOI: 10.1016/j.gcb.2007.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Bleeding from a pseudoaneurysm is a rare complication of chronic pancreatitis. We present two cases of ruptured pseudoaneurysms of the hepatic arteries. The first case involved a pancreatic pseudocyst that ruptured in the duodenum and the second resulted in an intrahepatic hematoma that compressed the bile tract causing secondary hemobilia. Angiographic embolization was the primary treatment in both cases, with surgery for the first patient and later radiological drainage in the second. The hemorrhage was controlled in both cases despite the severe prognosis and high mortality in these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-M Marion-Audibert
- Service d'hepatogastroenterologie, hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, 103, Grande rue de la Croix-Rousse, 69317 Lyon cedex 04, France
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Lair D, Degauque N, Miqueu P, Jovanovic V, Guillet M, Mérieau E, Moreau A, Soulillou JP, Brouard S. Functional compartmentalization following induction of long-term graft survival with pregraft donor-specific transfusion. Am J Transplant 2007; 7:538-49. [PMID: 17217443 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2006.01660.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Long-term survival is achieved in rat recipients by pre-graft donor-specific blood transfusion. We characterized the immune compartments in long-term survivors and analyzed them for capacity to transfer tolerance and protect against chronic rejection. Splenocytes and spleen T cells from treated recipients transferred long-term graft survival to 100% of secondary recipients. In contrast, blood transferred graft survival to only 50% of recipients whereas blood T cells had no effect. An unaltered TCR repertoire, an increase in suppressive CD4+CD25+ T cells, a decrease in antidonor T-cell proliferative response and normal perforin-granzyme levels were the hallmarks of the spleen T cells. Blood T cells were characterized by a strongly altered CD8+ repertoire, normal CD4+CD25+ T cell number with unchanged antidonor T-cell proliferative response, an activated T-cell phenotype and an increase in perforin-granzyme levels. However, following the transfer of blood or spleen cells into secondary recipients, all grafts displayed chronic rejection. These findings provide evidence that distinct compartments play critical roles in DST recipients. Regulatory cells do not accumulate in blood, which appears to be a reservoir for cytotoxic T cells. Spleen T cells, which display a regulatory-like profile and transfer graft survival, are not able to prevent chronic rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lair
- INSERM U643, Nantes F-44000, France
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Hervé C, Le Berre L, Miqueu P, Degauque N, Ruiz C, Brouard S, Guillet M, Soulillou JP, Dantal J. Blood T-cell repertoire in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome recurrence following kidney transplantation. Am J Transplant 2006; 6:2144-51. [PMID: 16930396 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2006.01415.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Corticosteroid resistant idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (CR-INS) is a glomerulopathy that recurs after kidney transplantation in 30-50% of patients, suggesting the involvement of systemic albuminuric factors, probably produced by activated T cells. We investigated peripheral T-cell selection and expansion before and after transplantation to identify and characterize T-lymphocyte patterns potentially associated with INS recurrence. We used a combined qualitative and quantitative assessment of Vbeta mRNA alterations at the level of the complementary determining region 3-length distribution (CDR3-LD) of the T-cell receptor (TCR). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were collected from 18 CR-INS patients (8 with recurrence and 10 without recurrence) on the day of transplantation as well as at 1 month, 1 year and 5 years after transplantation, and Vbeta transcriptomes were analyzed. Our data show that blood T cells from patients with INS recurrence display a TCR repertoire that is stable in time and has a similar level of CDR3-LD alterations as the T-cell repertoire of control patients, both before and after transplantation. These results suggest that the process of INS recurrence does not involve TCR activation or specific clonal expansion of T cells. However, these results do not exclude a role for T cells in the production of an albuminuric factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hervé
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale and Nantes University, Unité Mixte 643: Immunointervention dans les Allo et Xénotransplantations, Institut de Transplantation et de Recherche en Transplantation CHU Hôtel Dieu, France
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Abstract
We identified a viable allele (dut1-1) of the DUT1 gene that encodes the dUTPase activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The Dut1-1 protein possesses a single amino acid substitution (Gly82Ser) in a conserved motif nearby the active site and exhibits a greatly reduced dUTPase activity. The dut1-1 single mutant exhibits growth delay and cell cycle abnormalities and shows a strong spontaneous mutator phenotype. All phenotypes of the dut1-1 mutant are suppressed by the simultaneous inactivation of the uracil DNA N-glycosylase, Ung1. However, the ung1 dut1-1 double mutant accumulates uracil in its genomic DNA. The viability of the dut1-1 mutant is greatly impaired by the simultaneous inactivation of AP endonucleases. These data strongly suggest that the phenotypes of the dut1-1 mutant result from the incorporation of dUMPs into DNA subsequently converted into AP sites. The analysis of the dut1-1 strain mutation spectrum showed that cytosines are preferentially incorporated in front of AP sites in a Rev3-dependent manner during translesion synthesis. These results point to a critical role of the Dut1 protein in the maintenance of the genetic stability. Therefore, the normal cellular metabolism, and not only its byproducts, is an important source of endogenous DNA damage and genetic instability in eukaryotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Guillet
- CEA, DSV Département de Radiobiologie et Radiopathologie, UMR 217 CNRS Radiobiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, BP 6, 92265 Fontenay aux Roses, France.
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Abstract
Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites are expected to be one of the most frequent endogenous lesions in DNA. AP sites are potentially lethal and mutagenic. Data shows that the simultaneous inactivation of two AP endonucleases (Apn1 and Apn2) and of the nuclease Rad1-Rad10 causes cell death in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We suggest that the essential function of Apn1, Apn2, and Rad1-Rad10 is to repair endogenous AP sites and related 3'-blocked single strand breaks. This data led us to conclude that the burden of endogenous AP sites is not compatible with life in absence of DNA repair. This chapter describes two genetic assays to investigate origin, repair, and biological consequences of endogenous AP sites in yeast. The first assay relies on genetic crosses and tetrad analysis and uses the apn1 apn2 rad1 triple mutant. The apn1 apn2 rad1 triple mutant is unviable; however, it can form microcolonies. By means of genetic crosses, apn1 apn2 rad1 x quadruple mutants are generated. The size of the colonies formed by each quadruple mutant is compared to that of the apn1 apn2 rad1 triple mutant. Three classes of genes (x) were identified: (i) genes whose inactivation aggravates the phenotype (reduces microcolony size), such as RAD9, RAD50, RAD51, RAD52, MUS81, and MRE11; (ii) genes whose inactivation alleviates the phenotype, such as UNG1, NTG1, and NTG2; and (iii) genes whose inactivation is neutral, such as MAG1 or OGG1. The second assay uses the apn1 apn2 rad14 triple mutant, which is viable but exhibits a spontaneous mutator phenotype. This mutant was used in a colethal screen. This assay allowed the identification of mutation in DNA repair genes such as RAD1 or RAD50, as well as a mutation in the DUT1 gene coding for the dUTPase, which has impact on the formation of AP sites in DNA. A model that summarizes our present and puzzling data on the origin and repair of endogenous AP sites is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Boiteux
- Laboratory of Radiobiology DNA, Department of Radiobiology and Radiopathology, Aus Roses, France
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Abstract
Budding yeast divide asymmetrically and must therefore align the position of the mitotic spindle with the plane of division. The success of this process is monitored by a checkpoint-signaling mechanism. Two recent papers in Molecular Cell reveal an important new facet of this signal transduction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yoshida
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Aviner S, Bachar-Lustig E, Brouard S, Goren R, Guillet M, Soulillou JP, Reisner Y. Anti-3rd party veto CTLs depleted of host reactive clones retain a broad TCR repertoire: a potential new source for adoptive immune therapy in bone marrow transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2003.12.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites are one of the most frequent spontaneous lesions in DNA. They are potentially mutagenic and lethal lesions that can block DNA replication and transcription. In addition, cleavage of AP sites by AP endonucleases or AP lyases generates DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs) with 5'- or 3'-blocked ends, respectively. Therefore, we suggest that AP sites and 3'- or 5'-blocked SSBs, we name "honorary AP sites", constitute a single class of lesions. In this review, we describe the different mechanisms used by the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to remove or tolerate AP sites and related SSBs. In wild-type cells, AP sites are primarily repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathway, with the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway as a back up activity. BER is initiated by one of the two AP endonucleases, Apn1 or Apn2. Three DNA N-glycosylases/AP lyases, Ntg1, Ntg2 and Ogg1, can also incise AP sites in DNA. Rad27, a structure specific endonuclease, is involved in the repair of 5'-blocked ends, whereas Apn1, Apn2 and Rad1-Rad10 are involved in the removal of 3'-blocked ends using their 3'-phosphodiesterase and 3'-flap endonuclease activities, respectively. AP sites can stall DNA replication forks, as well as they block in vitro DNA synthesis by DNA polymerase delta. Restart of stalled forks can occur through a recombination-associated pathway initiated by the Mus81-Mms4 endonuclease or mutagenic translesion DNA synthesis (TLS). The mutagenic bypass of AP sites is a two-polymerases affair with an inserter DNA polymerase (Poldelta, Poleta or Rev1) and an extender DNA polymerase (Polzeta). Under normal growth conditions, inactivation of Apn1, Apn2 and Rad1-Rad10 causes cell death. Therefore, the burden of spontaneous AP sites is not compatible with life, in the absence of excision repair pathways. These results in yeast demonstrate that AP sites are critical endogenous DNA damages that cause genetic instability and by analogy could be associated with degenerative pathologies in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Boiteux
- CEA, DSV, Département de Radiobiologie et Radiopathologie, UMR 217 CNRS, "Radiobiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire", BP 6, F-92265, Fontenay aux Roses, France.
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23
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Abstract
Abasic (AP) sites are among the most frequent endogenous lesions in DNA and present a strong block to replication. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, an apn1 apn2 rad1 triple mutant is inviable because of its incapacity to repair AP sites and related 3'-blocked single-strand breaks (M. Guillet and S. Boiteux, EMBO J. 21:2833, 2002). Here, we investigated the origin of endogenous AP sites in yeast. Our results show that the deletion of the UNG1 gene encoding the uracil DNA glycosylase suppresses the lethality of the apn1 apn2 rad1 mutant. In contrast, inactivation of the MAG1, OGG1, or NTG1 and NTG2 genes encoding DNA glycosylases involved in the repair of alkylation or oxidation damages does not suppress lethality. Although viable, the apn1 apn2 rad1 ung1 mutant presents growth delay due to a G(2)/M checkpoint. These results point to uracil as a critical source of the formation of endogenous AP sites in DNA. Uracil can arise in DNA by cytosine deamination or by the incorporation of dUMP during replication. Here, we show that the overexpression of the DUT1 gene encoding the dUTP pyrophosphatase (Dut1) suppresses the lethality of the apn1 apn2 rad1 mutant. Therefore, this result points to the dUTP pool as an important source of the formation of endogenous AP sites in eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Guillet
- CEA, DSV, Département de Radiobiologie et Radiopathologie, UMR 217 CNRS/CEA Radiobiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, F-92265 Fontenay aux Roses, France
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24
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Laplaud DA, Guillet M, Brachet P, Damier P, Soulillou JP. [Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the TCR chain Vbeta transcriptom. Summary of the lecture by J. P. Soulillou]. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2003; 159:245-6. [PMID: 12660583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
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25
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Abstract
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mutations in APN1, APN2 and either RAD1 or RAD10 genes are synthetic lethal. In fact, apn1 apn2 rad1 triple mutants can form microcolonies of approximately 300 cells. Expression of Nfo, the bacterial homologue of Apn1, suppresses the lethality. Turning off the expression of Nfo induces G(2)/M cell cycle arrest in an apn1 apn2 rad1 triple mutant. The activation of this checkpoint is RAD9 dependent and allows residual DNA repair. The Mus81/Mms4 complex was identified as one of these back-up repair activities. Furthermore, inactivation of Ntg1, Ntg2 and Ogg1 DNA N-glycosylase/AP lyases in the apn1 apn2 rad1 background delayed lethality, allowing the formation of minicolonies of approximately 10(5) cells. These results demonstrate that, under physiological conditions, endogenous DNA damage causes death in cells deficient in Apn1, Apn2 and Rad1/Rad10 proteins. We propose a model in which endogenous DNA abasic sites are converted into 3'-blocked single-strand breaks (SSBs) by DNA N-glycosylases/AP lyases. Therefore, we suggest that the essential and overlapping function of Apn1, Apn2, Rad1/Rad10 and Mus81/Mms4 is to repair 3'-blocked SSBs using their 3'-phosphodiesterase activity or their 3'-flap endonuclease activity, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Serge Boiteux
- CEA, DSV, Département de Radiobiologie et Radiopathologie, UMR217 CNRS ‘Radiobiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire’, BP6, F-92265 Fontenay aux Roses, France
Corresponding author e-mail:
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26
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Gagne K, Brouard S, Guillet M, Cuturi MC, Soulillou JP, Souilillou JP. TGF-beta1 and donor dendritic cells are common key components in donor-specific blood transfusion and anti-class II heart graft enhancement, whereas tolerance induction also required inflammatory cytokines down-regulation. Eur J Immunol 2001; 31:3111-20. [PMID: 11592088 DOI: 10.1002/1521-4141(2001010)31:10<3111::aid-immu3111>3.0.co;2-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Heart allograft tolerance in adult recipients can be induced in the LEW.1W to LEW.1A congeneic strain combination by pre-graft donor-specific blood transfusion (DST). Long-term survivors accept LEW.1W graft but reject third party skin grafts. As tolerant recipients of heart allografts showed an increase in anti-donor class II antibodies, we hypothesize that these antibodies could be instrumental in tolerance induction. However, anti-donor MHC class II alone prolonged graft survival but did not induce heart allograft tolerance in this combination. We analyzed the immune response patterns in heart allograft recipients following the injection of anti-donor class II antibodies (prolongation) or DST priming (tolerance). As suggested by the different phenomena, several immunological patterns were strikingly different between the two models. In strong contrast to DST-tolerant recipients, at 5 days after transplantation, neither Th1/Th2 nor inflammatory cytokines were inhibited in recipients treated with anti-donor class II antibodies, in which only prolongation of graft survival was induced. Nevertheless, in both models, depletion of resident dendritic cells (DC) from donor hearts inhibited tolerance induction (DST) or shortened allograft survival (anti-donor class II antibodies). Moreover, TGF-beta1 was not down-regulated and administration of neutralizing anti-TGF-beta1 antibody, which inhibited tolerance induction (DST), also shortened allograft survival (anti-donor class II antibodies). These results suggest that, in these two MHC class II-restricted models, both TGF-beta1 and donor DC have a pivotal role in prolonging graft survival. However, in the days following transplantation, further inhibition of inflammatory cytokine production, particularly Th1 and macrophage-derived cytokines is required for tolerance induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Gagne
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale-Unité 437: "Immunointervention dans les Allo et Xenotransplantations", Nantes, France
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27
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Guillet M, Sebille F, Soulillou J. TCR usage in naive and committed alloreactive cells: implications for the understanding of TCR biases in transplantation. Curr Opin Immunol 2001; 13:566-71. [PMID: 11544005 DOI: 10.1016/s0952-7915(00)00260-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The direct pathway of allorecognition is involved in acute allograft rejection and is characterised by TCR-mediated recognition of the MHC framework; this is thought to occur in a peptide-dependent but not peptide-specific manner. In contrast, the indirect pathway is restricted to the recipient's own MHC molecules and prevails in chronic rejection. In this pathway, the peptide has a major influence on the TCR recognition and selects alloreactive T cells with altered TCR Vbeta usage. However, qualitative analysis of Vbeta usage alone might limit our understanding of alloreactivity. The advantages of a combined quantitative assessment of Vbeta mRNA usage are discussed.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Humans
- Interphase/immunology
- Isoantigens/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/metabolism
- Transplantation Immunology/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- M Guillet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 437, Immunointervention dans les Allo- et les Xéno-transplantations, 30 Boulevard Jean Monnet, 44093 Nantes 01, Cedex, France
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Sebille F, Gagne K, Guillet M, Degauque N, Pallier A, Brouard S, Vanhove B, Delsuc MA, Soulillou JP. Direct recognition of foreign MHC determinants by naive T cells mobilizes specific Vbeta families without skewing of the complementarity-determining region 3 length distribution. J Immunol 2001; 167:3082-8. [PMID: 11544292 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.167.6.3082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The capacity of T cells to interact with nonself-APC, also referred to as direct allorecognition, is an essential feature of the cellular response involved in graft rejection. However, there is no study on TCR repertoire biases associated with direct restricted T cell activation. In this paper, we have addressed the impact of direct recognition on the whole naive T cell repertoire, using a new approach that provides, for the first time, an integrated depiction of the quantitative and qualitative alterations in the TCR Vbeta transcriptome. This method can differentiate resting patterns from polyclonally activated ones, as evidenced by superantigen usage. According to this new readout, we show that direct recognition of nonself-MHC molecules triggers mRNA accumulation of several TCR Vbeta families, specific to the combination studied. Moreover, in marked contrast to the situation that prevails in indirect allorecognition, T cell activation through the direct presentation pathway was not associated with skewing of the complementarity determining region (CDR) 3 length distribution. Altogether, these data argue for the significance of TCR contacts with the MHC framework in direct allorecognition. In addition, the TCR diversity mobilized by this interaction and the massive TCRbeta mRNA accumulation observed after a few days of culture suggest that a significant proportion of naive T cells receive a signal leading to TCRbeta transcriptional activation even though only a few of them engage in mitosis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigen Presentation/immunology
- Antigens, Heterophile/immunology
- Bacterial Toxins
- Cells, Cultured
- Cricetinae
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Enterotoxins/immunology
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Rearrangement, beta-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor
- Genes, Immunoglobulin
- Histocompatibility Antigens/immunology
- Humans
- Immunization
- Immunoglobulin Variable Region/genetics
- Isoantigens/immunology
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Mesocricetus
- Peptide Fragments/analysis
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred Lew
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/immunology
- Self Tolerance/immunology
- Species Specificity
- Superantigens
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- Transcription, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sebille
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale, Unité 437, "Immunointervention dans les Allo et Xenotransplantations" and Institut de Transplantation et de Recherche en Transplantation, Nantes, France
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29
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Sebille F, Guillet M, Brouard S, Gagne K, Petzold T, Blancho G, Vanhove B, Soulillou JP. T-cell-mediated rejection of vascularized xenografts in the absence of induced anti-donor antibody response. Am J Transplant 2001; 1:21-8. [PMID: 12095033 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-6143.2001.010106.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
T cells are considered to play a major indirect role in the pathogenesis of xenograft vascular rejection, by promoting the induction of anti-donor antibodies that trigger complement- and antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity. However, how vigorous the T cell xenoresponse is in vivo, and whether, besides their helper function, T cells are capable of directly affecting the graft is still unclear. We have previously shown that cyclosporine A (CsA) withdrawal in accommodated cardiac xenograft recipient allows for a rapid and dense T-cell infiltration, concomitant to an acute graft rejection. In this paper we further characterize the role of T cells in this rejection process and we demonstrate that adoptive transfer of CD4+ T cells in irradiated recipients of long-term cardiac xenografts is sufficient to trigger acute rejection, in the absence of any detectable induced anti-hamster antibody response. Therefore, our data suggest that unusually strong T-cell response will be another major barrier to xenotransplantation, even if antibody-mediated vascular rejection is controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sebille
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale-Unit 437, Immunointervention dans les Allo-et les Xénotransplantations and Institut de Transplantation Et de Recherche en Transplantation, Nantes, France
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30
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Abstract
Though recognizing the sharp, burning lateral knee pain of iliotibial band syndrome isn't difficult, treating the condition can be a challenge because underlying myofascial restrictions can significantly contribute to the patient's pain and disability. The physical exam should include a thorough evaluation to identify tender trigger points as well as tenderness and possible swelling at the distal iliotibial band. After acute symptoms are alleviated with activity restriction and modalities, problematic trigger points can be managed with massage therapy or other treatments. A stepwise stretching and strengthening program can expedite patients' return to running.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fredericson
- Department of Functional Restoration, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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31
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Gagne K, Brouard S, Giral M, Sebille F, Moreau A, Guillet M, Bignon JD, Imbert BM, Cuturi MC, Soulillou JP. Highly altered V beta repertoire of T cells infiltrating long-term rejected kidney allografts. J Immunol 2000; 164:1553-63. [PMID: 10640774 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.164.3.1553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic rejection represents a major cause of long-term kidney graft loss. T cells that are predominant in long-term rejected kidney allografts (35 +/- 10% of area infiltrate) may thus be instrumental in this phenomenon, which is likely to be dependent on the indirect pathway of allorecognition only. We have analyzed the variations in T cell repertoire usage of the V beta chain at the complementary determining region 3 (CDR3) level in 18 human kidney grafts lost due to chronic rejection. We observed a strongly biased intragraft TCR V beta usage for the majority of V beta families and also a very high percentage (55%) of V beta families exhibiting common and oligoclonal V beta-C beta rearrangements in the grafts of patients with chronic rejection associated with superimposed histologically acute lesions. Furthermore, V beta 8 and V beta 23 families exhibited common and oligoclonal V beta-J beta rearrangements in 4 of 18 patients (22%). Several CDR3 amino acid sequences were found for the common and oligoclonal V beta 8-J beta 1.4 rearrangement. Quantitative PCR showed that biased V beta transcripts were also overexpressed in chronically rejected kidneys with superimposed acute lesions. In contrast, T lymphocytes infiltrating rejected allografts with chronic rejection only showed an unaltered Gaussian-type CDR3 length distribution. This pattern suggests that late graft failure associated with histological lesions restricted to Banff-defined chronic rejection does not involve T cell-mediated injury. Thus, our observation suggests that a limited number of determinants stimulates the recipient immune system in long-term allograft failure. The possibility of a local response against viral or parenchymatous cell-derived determinants is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Gagne
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 437, "Immunointervention dans les Allo et Xénotransplantations" Nantes, France
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Brouard S, Vanhove B, Gagne K, Neumann A, Douillard P, Moreau A, Guillet M, Cuturi MC, Soulillou JP. LATE XENOGRAFT REJECTION INVOLVES A STRONG T CELL RESPONSE. Transplantation 1999. [DOI: 10.1097/00007890-199904150-01033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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34
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Vuitton D, Allemand H, Guillet M, Miguet JP. [Alveolar echinococcosis. A "regional" hepatic disease]. Soins 1984:11-4. [PMID: 6569681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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35
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Guillet M, Bouhour JB, Petitier H, Nicolas G. [The vectorcardiogram in the course of primary congestive cardiomyopathy (author's transl)]. Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris) 1978; 27:55-64. [PMID: 148863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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