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Uceda-Castro R, Margarido AS, Song JY, de Gooijer MC, Messal HA, Chambers CR, Nobis M, Çitirikkaya CH, Hahn K, Seinstra D, Herrmann D, Timpson P, Wesseling P, van Tellingen O, Vennin C, van Rheenen J. BCRP drives intrinsic chemoresistance in chemotherapy-naïve breast cancer brain metastasis. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eabp9530. [PMID: 37851804 PMCID: PMC10584345 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abp9530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Although initially successful, treatments with chemotherapy often fail because of the recurrence of chemoresistant metastases. Since these tumors develop after treatment, resistance is generally thought to occur in response to chemotherapy. However, alternative mechanisms of intrinsic chemoresistance in the chemotherapy-naïve setting may exist but remain poorly understood. Here, we study drug-naïve murine breast cancer brain metastases (BCBMs) to identify how cancer cells growing in a secondary site can acquire intrinsic chemoresistance without cytotoxic agent exposure. We demonstrate that drug-naïve murine breast cancer cells that form cancer lesions in the brain undergo vascular mimicry and concomitantly express the adenosine 5'-triphosphate-binding cassette transporter breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), a common marker of brain endothelial cells. We reveal that expression of BCRP by the BCBM tumor cells protects them against doxorubicin and topotecan. We conclude that BCRP overexpression can cause intrinsic chemoresistance in cancer cells growing in metastatic sites without prior chemotherapy exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Uceda-Castro
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Andreia S. Margarido
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ji-Ying Song
- Division of Experimental Animal Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mark C. de Gooijer
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Hendrik A. Messal
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Cecilia R. Chambers
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Max Nobis
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ceren H. Çitirikkaya
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kerstin Hahn
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Danielle Seinstra
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers/VUmc and Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - David Herrmann
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul Timpson
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Pieter Wesseling
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers/VUmc and Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Olaf van Tellingen
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Claire Vennin
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jacco van Rheenen
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Slangen PL, Porat Y, Mertz M, van den Broek B, Jalink K, de Gooijer MC, van Tellingen O, Borst GR. Protocol for live-cell imaging during Tumor Treating Fields treatment with Inovitro Live. STAR Protoc 2022; 3:101246. [PMID: 35368806 PMCID: PMC8971986 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) are an FDA-approved anticancer treatment using alternating electric fields. Here, we present a protocol to perform live-cell imaging (LCI) of cells during TTFields treatment with the Inovitro LiveTM system. The setup we describe dissipates TTFields-related heat production and can be used in conjunction with any LCI-compatible microscope setup. This approach will enable further elucidation of TTFields’ mechanism of action at the molecular level and facilitate the development of promising combination strategies. Inovitro LiveTM allows concurrent live-cell imaging and TTFields treatment Suitable for use with both 2D -and 3D-cultured cells Describes multiple strategies to dissipate TTFields-associated heat Step-by-step description on how to operate the Inovitro LiveTM software
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul L.G. Slangen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marjolijn Mertz
- Bioimaging Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bram van den Broek
- Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kees Jalink
- Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark C. de Gooijer
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf van Tellingen
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerben R. Borst
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Wilmslow Road, M20 4BX Manchester, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, The University of Manchester, 555 Wilmslow Road, M20 4GJ Manchester, UK
- Corresponding author
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3
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de Gooijer MC, Slangen PL, Çolakoğlu H, Çitirikkaya CH, El Ouazani A, Shah R, Borst GR, van Tellingen O. Abstract PO-003: Mitotic enrichment as an efficient radiosensitization strategy. Clin Cancer Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1557-3265.radsci21-po-003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Radiotherapy remains one of the most effective modalities for anticancer treatment. Boosting the efficacy of radiotherapy is therefore a logical avenue to improve patient survival. We have developed a radiosensitization strategy called ‘induction of mitotic enrichment’. It has long been known that the radiosensitivity of a cell depends to a large extent on the phase of the cell cycle and that especially mitotic cells are especially vulnerable. Enriching the tumor for mitotic cells by arresting them during division prior to each radiotherapy fraction should therefore render the tumor population more sensitive to irradiation. Ideally, induction of mitotic enrichment should be reversible and non-cytotoxic to prevent healthy tissue toxicity and be compatible with clinically applied fractionated radiotherapy regimens. We have now identified an orally available targeted tubulin polymerization inhibitor that can achieve repeated and reversible mitotic enrichment for up to 10 hours prior to radiotherapy, without causing cytotoxicity in vitro or healthy tissue toxicity in vivo. Most importantly, this tubulin inhibitor efficiently radiosensitizes a range of preclinical glioblastoma models in vitro and in vivo and significantly improves survival, but only in a mitotic enrichment setup when given several hours prior to radiotherapy to allow accumulation in mitosis. We have initiated development of mitotic enrichment for GBM, the most common primary malignant brain tumor. Their location and highly aggressive nature renders GBM among the most deadly and devastating of human malignancies. Despite extensive treatment involving surgery and adjuvant chemo-radiotherapy, prognosis is still dismal and novel treatment strategies are urgently needed. Of all available adjuvant therapies, radiotherapy contributes most to extending overall survival. Increasing the efficacy of existing radiotherapeutic regimens therefore offers a logical rationale to improve the survival of GBM patients. We are currently also expanding our preclinical development of mitotic enrichment as a radiosensitization strategy to other mitotic targets and different cancers for which radiotherapy is a mainstay treatment and have thus far achieved promising results in vitro. In parallel, we are preparing a phase 0 trial to demonstrate induction of mitotic enrichment in human GBM.
Citation Format: Mark C. de Gooijer, Paul L.G. Slangen, Hilal Çolakoğlu, Ceren H. Çitirikkaya, Amal El Ouazani, Ronak Shah, Gerben R. Borst, Olaf van Tellingen. Mitotic enrichment as an efficient radiosensitization strategy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Radiation Science and Medicine; 2021 Mar 2-3. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2021;27(8_Suppl):Abstract nr PO-003.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ronak Shah
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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4
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Meel MH, Guillén Navarro M, de Gooijer MC, Metselaar DS, Waranecki P, Breur M, Lagerweij T, Wedekind LE, Koster J, van de Wetering MD, Schouten-van Meeteren N, Aronica E, van Tellingen O, Bugiani M, Phoenix TN, Kaspers GJL, Hulleman E. MEK/MELK inhibition and blood-brain barrier deficiencies in atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors. Neuro Oncol 2021; 22:58-69. [PMID: 31504799 PMCID: PMC6954444 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (AT/RT) are rare, but highly aggressive. These entities are of embryonal origin occurring in the central nervous system (CNS) of young children. Molecularly these tumors are driven by a single hallmark mutation, resulting in inactivation of SMARCB1 or SMARCA4. Additionally, activation of the MAPK signaling axis and preclinical antitumor efficacy of its inhibition have been described in AT/RT. Methods We established and validated a patient-derived neurosphere culture and xenograft model of sonic hedgehog (SHH) subtype AT/RT, at diagnosis and relapse from the same patient. We set out to study the vascular phenotype of these tumors to evaluate the integrity of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) in AT/RT. We also used the model to study combined mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) and maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK) inhibition as a therapeutic strategy for AT/RT. Results We found MELK to be highly overexpressed in both patient samples of AT/RT and our primary cultures and xenografts. We identified a potent antitumor efficacy of the MELK inhibitor OTSSP167, as well as strong synergy with the MEK inhibitor trametinib, against primary AT/RT neurospheres. Additionally, vascular phenotyping of AT/RT patient material and xenografts revealed significant BBB aberrancies in these tumors. Finally, we show in vivo efficacy of the non-BBB penetrable drugs OTSSP167 and trametinib in AT/RT xenografts, demonstrating the therapeutic implications of the observed BBB deficiencies and validating MEK/MELK inhibition as a potential treatment. Conclusion Altogether, we developed a combination treatment strategy for AT/RT based on MEK/MELK inhibition and identify therapeutically exploitable BBB deficiencies in these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaël H Meel
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Miriam Guillén Navarro
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mark C de Gooijer
- Division of Pharmacology/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dennis S Metselaar
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Piotr Waranecki
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Breur
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tonny Lagerweij
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Laurine E Wedekind
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jan Koster
- Department of Oncogenomics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marianne D van de Wetering
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Academic Medical Center, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Netteke Schouten-van Meeteren
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Academic Medical Center, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Eleonora Aronica
- Department of (Neuro) Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Olaf van Tellingen
- Division of Pharmacology/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marianna Bugiani
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Timothy N Phoenix
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati/Research in Patient Services, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Gertjan J L Kaspers
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Esther Hulleman
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
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5
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de Gooijer MC, Kemper EM, Buil LCM, Çitirikkaya CH, Buckle T, Beijnen JH, van Tellingen O. ATP-binding cassette transporters restrict drug delivery and efficacy against brain tumors even when blood-brain barrier integrity is lost. Cell Rep Med 2021; 2:100184. [PMID: 33521698 PMCID: PMC7817868 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The impact of a compromised blood-brain barrier (BBB) on the drug treatment of intracranial tumors remains controversial. We characterize the BBB integrity in several intracranial tumor models using magnetic resonance imaging, fluorescent dyes, and autoradiography and determine the distribution and efficacy of docetaxel in brain tumors grafted in Abcb1-proficient and Abcb1-deficient mice. Leakiness of the tumor vasculature varies from extensive to absent. Regardless of the extent of leakiness, tumor blood vessels express ATP-binding cassette transporters (Abcb1 and Abcg2). A leaky vasculature results in higher docetaxel tumor levels compared to normal brain. Nevertheless, Abcb1 can reduce drug distribution and efficacy even in leaky models. Thus, BBB leakiness does not ensure the unimpeded access of ATP-binding cassette transporter substrate drugs. Therapeutic responses may be observed, but the full potential of such therapeutics may still be attenuated. Consequently, BBB-penetrable drugs with little to no affinity for efflux transporters are preferred for the treatment of intracranial tumors. Blood-brain barrier integrity in brain tumor models varies from intact to absent Brain tumor vessels express drug efflux transporters Drug transporters can impede drug entry and efficacy, even in leaky tumors Low-affinity ABC transporter drugs are favored candidates for treating brain tumors
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C de Gooijer
- Division of Pharmacology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Mouse Cancer Clinic, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - E Marleen Kemper
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Levi C M Buil
- Division of Pharmacology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Mouse Cancer Clinic, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ceren H Çitirikkaya
- Division of Pharmacology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Mouse Cancer Clinic, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tessa Buckle
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- Division of Pharmacology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Olaf van Tellingen
- Division of Pharmacology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Mouse Cancer Clinic, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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de Gooijer MC, Slangen PLG, Çitirikkaya CH, Çolakoğlu H, El Ouazani A, Shah R, Borst GR, van Tellingen O. RBIO-05. MITOTIC ENRICHMENT AS AN EFFICIENT STRATEGY TO RADIOSENSITIZE GLIOBLASTOMA. Neuro Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Their location and highly aggressive nature renders glioblastoma (GBM) among the most deadly and devastating of human malignancies. Despite extensive treatment involving surgery and adjuvant chemo-radiotherapy, the prognosis is still dismal and novel treatment strategies are urgently needed. Of all existing adjuvant therapies, radiotherapy contributes the most to extending the median overall survival. Increasing the efficacy of existing radiotherapeutic regimens is therefore a logical avenue to improve the survival of GBM patients. We have developed a novel radiosensitization strategy called ‘induction of mitotic enrichment’. It has long been known that the radiosensitivity of a cell depends on the phase of the cell cycle and that especially mitotic cells are especially vulnerable. Enriching the tumor for mitotic cells by arresting them during division prior to each radiotherapy fraction should therefore render the tumor population more sensitive to irradiation. Ideally, induction of mitotic enrichment should be reversible and non-cytotoxic to prevent healthy tissue toxicity and be compatible with clinically applied hyperfractionated radiotherapy regimens. We have now identified an orally available targeted tubulin polymerization inhibitor that can achieve repeated and reversible mitotic enrichment for up to 10 hours prior to radiotherapy, without causing cytotoxicity in vitro or healthy tissue toxicity in vivo. Most importantly, this tubulin inhibitor efficiently radiosensitizes a range of preclinical GBM models in vitro and in vivo, including GSC models, and significantly improves survival, but only in a mitotic enrichment setup when given 6-8 hours prior to radiotherapy to allow accumulation in mitosis. We are currently expanding our preclinical development of mitotic enrichment as a radiosensitization strategy to other mitotic targets and different intra- and extracranial cancer models representing several diseases for which radiotherapy is a mainstay treatment. In parallel, we are preparing a phase 0 trial to demonstrate induction of mitotic enrichment in human GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ronak Shah
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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7
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Slangen PLG, de Gooijer MC, van Geldorp M, van Tellingen O, Borst GR. EXTH-31. INCREASING TUMOR TREATING FIELDS (TTFIELDS) EFFICACY BY TARGETING THE G2 CELL CYCLE CHECKPOINT WITH WEE1 OR CHK1 INHIBITORS IN GLIOBLASTOMA CELL LINES. Neuro Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) are a novel, noninvasive FDA-approved treatment modality for glioblastoma (GBM) that utilizes alternating electric fields. While the mechanism of action was at first exclusively attributed to the effects of TTFields on cells during mitosis, additional effects during interphase have recently come to light. The aim of our research is to elucidate the effect of TTFields on the cell cycle to advance the understanding of TTFields and to find novel targets for increasing its efficacy. We studied the effect of TTFields on cell cycle distribution by (propidium iodide and phospho-Histone H3 labeling) flow cytometry using double-thymidine block (DTB) synchronized cell populations. Following the release of the DTB, TTFields treatment caused GBM cells to accumulate in G2, which was prevented by concomitant exposure to a Wee1 inhibitor. Next, we compared the efficacy of TTFields with or without Wee1 or Chk1 inhibitors in multiple GBM cell lines (A172, SNB-19, and U251) by colony formation assays and observed a strong and synergistic decrease in colony formation potential in all cell lines. To investigate the underlying mechanism of G2 arrest, we quantified the amount of DNA damage, but found no difference in either γH2AX foci or comet tail moments between control and TTFields treated cells. To follow up on this surprising observation, we are using live cell imaging (inovitro Live™) of PIP-FUCCI-transduced cells. This tool will allow us to track individual cells, to evaluate the time spent in each phase of the cell cycle and to determine the ultimate cell fate in control and treatment conditions. Our finding that Wee1 or Chk1 inhibition dramatically boosts the efficacy of TTFields may have great implications for treatment of patients with TTFields. The in vivo validation of our in vitro findings will be performed in tumor-bearing mice by using the inovivo™ system.
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de Gooijer MC, Kemper EM, Buil LCM, Çitirikkaya CH, Buckle T, Beijnen JH, van Tellingen O. DDRE-32. ABC TRANSPORTERS RESTRICT THE BRAIN PENETRATION AND INTRACRANIAL EFFICACY OF ANTICANCER AGENTS EVEN WHEN BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER INTEGRITY IS LOST. Neuro Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The impact of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in brain tumors on the efficacy of anticancer drug therapy is controversial. In primary as well as metastatic brain tumors, the BBB is often disrupted. Yet, many intracranial cancers respond poorly to systemic therapies. We characterized the integrity of the BBB in a series of experimental intracranial tumor models using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), fluorescent dyes and autoradiography. We also assessed the distribution and efficacy of docetaxel in healthy brain tissue and brain tumors that were grafted into P-glycoprotein (P-gp) proficient wild-type (WT) and deficient Abcb1a/b-/- recipient nude mice. Leakiness of the tumor vasculature varied from extensive to almost absent. Tumor blood vessels expressed P-gp and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). The leakiness of the vasculature resulted in higher docetaxel levels in tumors compared to normal brain. However, P-gp expression in tumor vessels reduced the drug distribution in tumors, which also translated into a reduced efficacy. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that leakiness of the BBB does not necessarily imply good accessibility to brain tumors of drugs that are substrates of P-gp and/or BCRP. Although therapeutic responses may be observed, the full potential of such therapeutics can still be attenuated by drug efflux pumps in the tumor vasculature. Therefore, only BBB-penetrable drugs with low to no affinity for efflux transporters should be considered for treatment of intracranial tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Levi C M Buil
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Tessa Buckle
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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9
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de Gooijer MC, Zhang P, Buil LCM, Freriks S, Li G, Beijnen JH, van Tellingen O. DDRE-01. ACQUIRED AND INTRINSIC RESISTANCE TO VEMURAFENIB IN BRAFV600E-DRIVEN MELANOMA BRAIN METASTASES. Neuro Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BRAF V600-mutated melanoma brain metastases (MBMs) are responsive to BRAF inhibitors, but clinical responses are less durable than those of extracranial metastases. We studied the impact of the drug efflux proteins P-glycoprotein (P-gp; ABCB1) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP; ABCG2) at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) on the efficacy of vemurafenib against BRAFV600E-mutated A375 MBMs. We intracranially implanted A375 tumor cells in wild-type and Abcb1a/b;Abcg2-/- mice. We characterized the tumor BBB, analyzed drug levels in plasma and brain lesions after oral vemurafenib and determined the efficacy against brain metastases and subcutaneous lesions. MRI shows that A375 MBMs disrupt BBB integrity, but vemurafenib accumulation in MBMs was still reduced by P-gp/BCRP. Vemurafenib is also less efficacious against MBMs in wild-type mice compared to Abcb1a/b;Abcg2-/- mice. Vemurafenib efficacy against subcutaneous A375 tumors was similar in both strains. Even in Abcb1a/b;Abcg2-/- mice, A375 MBMs rapidly developed resistance, which was unrelated to pharmacokinetic issues or insufficient inhibition of MAPK/PI3K pathways. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that although the BBB is disrupted in MBMs, P-gp/BCRP still limit the efficacy of vemurafenib. Moreover, the response to vemurafenib is less and of shorter duration also due to rapidly acquired resistance, most likely by resorting to non-canonical growth signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ping Zhang
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Levi C M Buil
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Gang Li
- Shandong University, Jinan, China (People’s Republic)
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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10
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van Tellingen O, de Gooijer MC, Zuidema S, Meurs A, Çitirikkaya CH, Venekamp N, Beijnen JH. EXTH-72. CONTINUOUS INFUSION STUDIES REVEAL THE POTENCY OF ELACRIDAR TO ACT AS A PHARMACO-ENHANCER FOR TREATMENT OF INTRACRANIAL DISEASES BY INHIBITING ABCB1 AND ABCG2 AT THE BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER. Neuro Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a formidable hurdle to successful pharmacotherapy of intracranial diseases. ABCB1 and ABCG2 are efflux transporters that play an important role in the BBB, keeping substances out of the brain. Elacridar and tariquidar are third-generation ABCB1-inhibitors developed for treatment of multidrug-resistant tumors. Later, they were shown to also inhibit ABCG2. We aim to improve pharmacotherapy of brain cancer by concomitant use of potentially effective drugs with elacridar. This study was undertaken to determine the relationship between the plasma concentration of the inhibitor and the brain-to-plasma (B/P) ratio of (model) substrate drugs in order to assess which type of drug may best qualify taking into account clinically achievable plasma levels of the inhibitor. We used Abcg2;Abcb1a/b double knockout (DKO), Abcb1a/b KO, Abcg2 KO and wild-type mice receiving a cocktail of 9 drugs at a fixed low dose plus a range of doses of inhibitor by 3-h intraperitoneal infusion to achieve steady-state conditions. DKO mice are the reference for complete inhibition, while single KO mice allow interrogation of the other transporter when using dual substrate drugs. Complete inhibition of Abcb1 by elacridar requires plasma levels of about 1000 nM. Inhibition of Abcg2 is more difficult. For erlotinib and palbociclib about 1000 nM of elacridar is sufficient, but other more profound substrate drugs (e.g. vemurafenib and afatinib) do not reach the B/P ratios achieved in DKO mice, even at 4000 nM. The improvement in B/P ratio that can be reached differs per substrate. Compounds like palbociclib benefit markedly from elacridar with B/P ratios rising from 0.25 to 7, whereas others (e.g. erlotinib and dasatinib) increase from about 0.10 to only 0.40. Thus, elacridar is an efficient pharmaco-enhancer of ABCB1 substrates and weaker ABCG2 substrates, but is not able to improve brain delivery of drugs that are profound ABCG2 substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Amber Meurs
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Jos H Beijnen
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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van Tellingen O, de Gooijer MC, Sarkaria JN, Elmquist WF. Comments on: "Synergistic activity of mTORC1/2 kinase and MEK inhibitors suppresses pediatric low-grade glioma tumorigenicity and vascularity". Neuro Oncol 2020; 22:1404-1405. [PMID: 32556220 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Olaf van Tellingen
- Division of Pharmacology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mark C de Gooijer
- Division of Pharmacology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - William F Elmquist
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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12
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Meel MH, de Gooijer MC, Metselaar DS, Sewing ACP, Zwaan K, Waranecki P, Breur M, Buil LCM, Lagerweij T, Wedekind LE, Twisk JWR, Koster J, Hashizume R, Raabe EH, Montero Carcaboso Á, Bugiani M, Phoenix TN, van Tellingen O, van Vuurden DG, Kaspers GJL, Hulleman E. Combined Therapy of AXL and HDAC Inhibition Reverses Mesenchymal Transition in Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:3319-3332. [PMID: 32165429 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-3538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is an incurable type of pediatric brain cancer, which in the majority of cases is driven by mutations in genes encoding histone 3 (H3K27M). We here determined the preclinical therapeutic potential of combined AXL and HDAC inhibition in these tumors to reverse their mesenchymal, therapy-resistant, phenotype. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We used public databases and patient-derived DIPG cells to identify putative drivers of the mesenchymal transition in these tumors. Patient-derived neurospheres, xenografts, and allografts were used to determine the therapeutic potential of combined AXL/HDAC inhibition for the treatment of DIPG. RESULTS We identified AXL as a therapeutic target and regulator of the mesenchymal transition in DIPG. Combined AXL and HDAC inhibition had a synergistic and selective antitumor effect on H3K27M DIPG cells. Treatment of DIPG cells with the AXL inhibitor BGB324 and the HDAC inhibitor panobinostat resulted in a decreased expression of mesenchymal and stem cell genes. Moreover, this combination treatment decreased expression of DNA damage repair genes in DIPG cells, strongly sensitizing them to radiation. Pharmacokinetic studies showed that BGB324, like panobinostat, crosses the blood-brain barrier. Consequently, treatment of patient-derived DIPG xenograft and murine DIPG allograft-bearing mice with BGB324 and panobinostat resulted in a synergistic antitumor effect and prolonged survival. CONCLUSIONS Combined inhibition of AXL and HDACs in DIPG cells results in a synergistic antitumor effect by reversing their mesenchymal, stem cell-like, therapy-resistant phenotype. As such, this treatment combination may serve as part of a future multimodal therapeutic strategy for DIPG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaël H Meel
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mark C de Gooijer
- Division of Pharmacology/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dennis S Metselaar
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - A Charlotte P Sewing
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kenn Zwaan
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Piotr Waranecki
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Breur
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Levi C M Buil
- Division of Pharmacology/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tonny Lagerweij
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Laurine E Wedekind
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jos W R Twisk
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Koster
- Department of Oncogenomics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rintaro Hashizume
- Departments of Neurological Surgery and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Eric H Raabe
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ángel Montero Carcaboso
- Preclinical Therapeutics and Drug Delivery Research Program, Department of Oncology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marianna Bugiani
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Timothy N Phoenix
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati/Research in Patient Services, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Olaf van Tellingen
- Division of Pharmacology/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dannis G van Vuurden
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gertjan J L Kaspers
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Esther Hulleman
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. .,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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13
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Gooijer MCD, Zhang P, Buil LC, Freriks S, Li G, Beijnen JH, Tellingen OV. Abstract LB-255: Acquired and intrinsic resistance to vemurafenib in BRAFv600e-driven melanoma brain metastases. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-lb-255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose: BRAFV600-mutated melanoma brain metastases (MBMs) are generally responsive to BRAF and MEK inhibitors, albeit that responses are generally less durable than of extracranial metastases. We have studied the impact of the drug efflux proteins P-glycoprotein (P-gp; ABCB1) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP; ABCG2) at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) on the efficacy of vemurafenib against BRAF-mutated A375 MBMs.
Experimental design: We have implanted BRAF-mutated A375 tumor cells in the brains of wildtype and Abcb1a/b;Abcg2-/- mice. We characterized the BBB in the tumors, treated the mice with oral vemurafenib, analyzed drug levels in plasma and brain lesions and determined the efficacy in brain metastases and subcutaneous lesions.
Results: Although A375 MBMs disrupt the integrity of the BBB, as shown by contrast-enhanced MRI, vemurafenib achieves greater antitumor efficacy in Abcb1a/b;Abcg2-/- mice compared to wild-type mice. P-gp and BCRP in brain tumor vessels limit vemurafenib penetration into A375 MBMs. Vemurafenib efficacy in both strains was similar against subcutaneous A375 tumors. Intriguingly, although initially responsive, A375 MBMs rapidly developed therapy resistance, even in Abcb1a/b;Abcg2-/- mice, and this was unrelated to pharmacokinetic or target inhibition issues. Rather, MBMs likely resorted to non-canonical growth signaling, as target inhibition of canonical MAPK and PI3K pathway signaling components was maintained in resistant intracranial A375 tumors.
Conclusions: In line with clinical data, BRAFV600E-positive MBMs are less responsive to vemurafenib. This is partly due to protection by the BBB, but also because they rapidly acquire further resistance by resorting to non-canonical growth signaling.
Citation Format: Mark C. de Gooijer, Ping Zhang, Levi C. Buil, Stephan Freriks, Gang Li, Jos H. Beijnen, Olaf Van Tellingen. Acquired and intrinsic resistance to vemurafenib in BRAFv600e-driven melanoma brain metastases [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-255.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ping Zhang
- 1Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Levi C. Buil
- 1Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Gang Li
- 2Qilu Hospital, Shandong, China
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14
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Teng J, Hejazi S, Hiddingh L, Carvalho L, de Gooijer MC, Wakimoto H, Barazas M, Tannous M, Chi AS, Noske DP, Wesseling P, Wurdinger T, Batchelor TT, Tannous BA. Recycling drug screen repurposes hydroxyurea as a sensitizer of glioblastomas to temozolomide targeting de novo DNA synthesis, irrespective of molecular subtype. Neuro Oncol 2019; 20:642-654. [PMID: 29099956 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and most aggressive primary malignant brain tumor. Standard-of-care treatment involves maximal surgical resection of the tumor followed by radiation and chemotherapy (temozolomide [TMZ]). The 5-year survival rate of patients with GBM is <10%, a colossal failure that has been partially attributed to intrinsic and/or acquired resistance to TMZ through O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status in the tumor. Methods A drug screening aimed at evaluating the potential recycling and repurposing of known drugs was conducted in TMZ-resistant GBM cell lines and primary cultures of newly diagnosed GBM with different MGMT promoter methylation status, phenotypic/genotypic background and subtype, and validated with sphere formation, cell migration assays, and quantitative invasive orthotopic in vivo models. Results We identified hydroxyurea (HU) to synergize with TMZ in GBM cells in culture and in vivo, irrespective of MGMT promoter methylation status, subtype, and/or stemness. HU acts specifically on the S-phase of the cell cycle by inhibiting the M2 unit of enzyme ribonucleotide reductase. Knockdown of this enzyme using RNA interference and other known chemical inhibitors exerted a similar effect to HU in combination with TMZ both in culture and in vivo. Conclusions We demonstrate preclinical efficacy of repurposing hydroxyurea in combination with TMZ for adjuvant GBM therapy. This combination benefit is of direct clinical interest given the extensive use of TMZ and the associated problems with TMZ-related resistance and treatment failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Teng
- Department of Neurology, Neuro-Oncology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,NeuroDiscovery Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Seyedali Hejazi
- Department of Neurology, Neuro-Oncology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,NeuroDiscovery Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lotte Hiddingh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Litia Carvalho
- Department of Neurology, Neuro-Oncology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,NeuroDiscovery Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mark C de Gooijer
- Department of Neurology, Neuro-Oncology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hiroaki Wakimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marco Barazas
- Department of Neurology, Neuro-Oncology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marie Tannous
- Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Notre Dame University-Louaize, Zouk Mosbeh, Lebanon
| | - Andrew S Chi
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - David P Noske
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter Wesseling
- Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Wurdinger
- Department of Neurology, Neuro-Oncology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,NeuroDiscovery Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tracy T Batchelor
- Department of Neurology, Neuro-Oncology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Stephen E. and Catherine Pappas Center for Neuro-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bakhos A Tannous
- Department of Neurology, Neuro-Oncology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,NeuroDiscovery Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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15
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Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are a relatively new class of anticancer agents that have attracted attention for treatment of glioblastoma because of their ability to potentiate temozolomide chemotherapy. Previous studies have demonstrated that sufficient brain penetration is a prerequisite for efficacy of PARP inhibitors in glioma mouse models. Unfortunately, however, most of the PARP inhibitors developed to date have a limited brain penetration due to the presence of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) at the blood-brain barrier. AZD2461 is a novel PARP inhibitor that is unaffected by P-gp mediated resistance in breast cancer models and thus appears to have promising characteristics for brain penetration. We here use a comprehensive set of in vitro and in vivo models to study the brain penetration and oral bioavailability of AZD2461. We report that AZD2461 has a good membrane permeability. However, it is a substrate of P-gp and BCRP, and P-gp in particular limits its brain penetration in vivo. We show that AZD2461 has a low oral bioavailability, although it is not affected by P-gp and BCRP. Together, these findings are not in favor of further development of AZD2461 for treatment of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jos H Beijnen
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology , The Netherlands Cancer Institute/MC Slotervaart Hospital , Louwesweg 6 , 1066 EC Amsterdam , The Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science , Utrecht University , Universiteitsweg 99 , 3584 CG Utrecht , The Netherlands
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16
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de Gooijer MC, Guillén Navarro M, Bernards R, Wurdinger T, van Tellingen O. An Experimenter's Guide to Glioblastoma Invasion Pathways. Trends Mol Med 2018; 24:763-780. [PMID: 30072121 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive brain tumor that is characterized by its unparalleled invasiveness. Invasive glioblastoma cells not only escape surgery and focal therapies but also are more resistant to current radio- and chemo-therapeutic approaches. Thus, any curative therapy for this deadly disease likely should include treatment strategies that interfere with glioblastoma invasiveness. Understanding glioblastoma invasion mechanisms is therefore critical. We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of various glioblastoma invasion models and conclude that robust experimental evidence has been obtained for a pro-invasive role of Ephrin receptors, Rho GTPases, and casein kinase 2 (CK2). Extensive interplay occurs between these proteins, suggesting the existence of a glioblastoma invasion signaling network that comprises several targets for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C de Gooijer
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Miriam Guillén Navarro
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Rene Bernards
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Wurdinger
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf van Tellingen
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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17
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Meel MH, de Gooijer MC, Guillén Navarro M, Waranecki P, Breur M, Buil LCM, Wedekind LE, Twisk JWR, Koster J, Hashizume R, Raabe EH, Montero Carcaboso A, Bugiani M, van Tellingen O, van Vuurden DG, Kaspers GJL, Hulleman E. MELK Inhibition in Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:5645-5657. [PMID: 30061363 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-0924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a highly aggressive pediatric brain tumor, for which no effective therapeutic options currently exist. We here determined the potential of inhibition of the maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK) for the treatment of DIPG.Experimental Design: We evaluated the antitumor efficacy of the small-molecule MELK inhibitor OTSSP167 in vitro in patient-derived DIPG cultures, and identified the mechanism of action of MELK inhibition in DIPG by RNA sequencing of treated cells. In addition, we determined the blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration of OTSSP167 and evaluated its translational potential by treating mice bearing patient-derived DIPG xenografts.Results: This study shows that MELK is highly expressed in DIPG cells, both in patient samples and in relevant in vitro and in vivo models, and that treatment with OTSSP167 strongly decreases proliferation of patient-derived DIPG cultures. Inhibition of MELK in DIPG cells functions through reducing inhibitory phosphorylation of PPARγ, resulting in an increase in nuclear translocation and consequent transcriptional activity. Brain pharmacokinetic analyses show that OTSSP167 is a strong substrate for both MDR1 and BCRP, limiting its BBB penetration. Nonetheless, treatment of Mdr1a/b;Bcrp1 knockout mice carrying patient-derived DIPG xenografts with OTSSP167 decreased tumor growth, induced remissions, and resulted in improved survival.Conclusions: We show a strong preclinical effect of the kinase inhibitor OTSSP167 in the treatment of DIPG and identify the MELK-PPARγ signaling axis as a putative therapeutic target in this disease. Clin Cancer Res; 24(22); 5645-57. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaël H Meel
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mark C de Gooijer
- Division of Pharmacology/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Miriam Guillén Navarro
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Piotr Waranecki
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Breur
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Levi C M Buil
- Division of Pharmacology/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Laurine E Wedekind
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jos W R Twisk
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Koster
- Department of Oncogenomics Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rintaro Hashizume
- Departments of Neurological Surgery, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Eric H Raabe
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Angel Montero Carcaboso
- Preclinical Therapeutics and Drug Delivery Research Program, Department of Oncology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marianna Bugiani
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Olaf van Tellingen
- Division of Pharmacology/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dannis G van Vuurden
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gertjan J L Kaspers
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Esther Hulleman
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. .,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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18
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de Gooijer MC, Zhang P, Buil LCM, Çitirikkaya CH, Thota N, Beijnen JH, van Tellingen O. Buparlisib is a brain penetrable pan-PI3K inhibitor. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10784. [PMID: 30018387 PMCID: PMC6050274 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29062-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Characterization of the genomic landscapes of intracranial tumours has revealed a clear role for the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway in tumorigenesis and tumour maintenance of these malignancies, making phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibition a promising therapeutic strategy for these tumours. Buparlisib is a novel pan-PI3K inhibitor that is currently in clinical development for various cancers, including primary and secondary brain tumours. Importantly however, earlier studies have revealed that sufficient brain penetration is a prerequisite for antitumor efficacy against intracranial tumours. We therefore investigated the brain penetration of buparlisib using a comprehensive set of in vitro and in vivo mouse models. We demonstrate that buparlisib has an excellent brain penetration that is unaffected by efflux transporters at the blood-brain barrier, complete oral bioavailability and efficient intracranial target inhibition at clinically achievable plasma concentrations. Together, these characteristics make buparlisib the ideal candidate for intracranially-targeted therapeutic strategies that involve PI3K inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C de Gooijer
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ping Zhang
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road 107, 250012, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Levi C M Buil
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ceren H Çitirikkaya
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nishita Thota
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute / MC Slotervaart Hospital, Louwesweg 6, 1066 EC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf van Tellingen
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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19
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de Gooijer MC, de Vries NA, Buckle T, Buil LCM, Beijnen JH, Boogerd W, van Tellingen O. Improved Brain Penetration and Antitumor Efficacy of Temozolomide by Inhibition of ABCB1 and ABCG2. Neoplasia 2018; 20:710-720. [PMID: 29852323 PMCID: PMC6030392 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The anticancer drug temozolomide is the only drug with proven activity against high-grade gliomas and has therefore become a part of the standard treatment of these tumors. P-glycoprotein (P-gp; ABCB1) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP; ABCG2) are transport proteins, which are present at the blood-brain barrier and limit the brain uptake of substrate drugs. We have studied the effect of P-gp and BCRP on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of temozolomide, making use of a comprehensive set of in vitro transport experiments and in vivo pharmacokinetic and antitumor efficacy experiments using wild-type, Abcg2−/−, Abcb1a/b−/−, and Abcb1a/b;Abcg2−/− mice. We here show that the combined deletion of Abcb1a/b and Abcg2 increases the brain penetration of temozolomide by 1.5-fold compared to wild-type controls (P < .001) without changing the systemic drug exposure. Moreover, the same increase was achieved when temozolomide was given to wild-type mice in combination with the dual P-gp/BCRP inhibitor elacridar (GF120918). The antitumor efficacy of temozolomide against three different intracranial tumor models was significantly enhanced when Abcb1a/b and Abcg2 were genetically deficient or pharmacologically inhibited in recipient mice. These findings call for further clinical testing of temozolomide in combination with elacridar for the treatment of gliomas, as this offers the perspective of further improving the antitumor efficacy of this already active agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C de Gooijer
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nienke A de Vries
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tessa Buckle
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Levi C M Buil
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/MC Slotervaart Hospital, Louwesweg 6, 1066 EC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Willem Boogerd
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute (Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital), Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Slotervaart Hospital, Louwesweg 6, 1066 EC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf van Tellingen
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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20
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Pencheva N, de Gooijer MC, Vis DJ, Wessels LFA, Würdinger T, van Tellingen O, Bernards R. Identification of a Druggable Pathway Controlling Glioblastoma Invasiveness. Cell Rep 2018; 20:48-60. [PMID: 28683323 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse and uncontrollable brain invasion is a hallmark of glioblastoma (GBM), but its mechanism is understood poorly. We developed a 3D ex vivo organotypic model to study GBM invasion. We demonstrate that invading GBM cells upregulate a network of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, including multiple collagens, whose expression correlates strongly with grade and clinical outcome. We identify interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) as a transcriptional repressor of ECM factors and show that IRF3 acts as a suppressor of GBM invasion. Therapeutic activation of IRF3 by inhibiting casein kinase 2 (CK2)-a negative regulator of IRF3-downregulated the expression of ECM factors and suppressed GBM invasion in ex vivo and in vivo models across a panel of patient-derived GBM cell lines representative of the main molecular GBM subtypes. Our data provide mechanistic insight into the invasive capacity of GBM tumors and identify a potential therapy to inhibit GBM invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Pencheva
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Cancer Genomics Center Netherlands, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mark C de Gooijer
- Division of Pharmacology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Daniel J Vis
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Cancer Genomics Center Netherlands, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lodewyk F A Wessels
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Cancer Genomics Center Netherlands, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tom Würdinger
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Olaf van Tellingen
- Division of Pharmacology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - René Bernards
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Cancer Genomics Center Netherlands, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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21
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Berenguer J, Lagerweij T, Zhao XW, Dusoswa S, van der Stoop P, Westerman B, de Gooijer MC, Zoetemelk M, Zomer A, Crommentuijn MHW, Wedekind LE, López-López À, Giovanazzi A, Bruch-Oms M, van der Meulen-Muileman IH, Reijmers RM, van Kuppevelt TH, García-Vallejo JJ, van Kooyk Y, Tannous BA, Wesseling P, Koppers-Lalic D, Vandertop WP, Noske DP, van Beusechem VW, van Rheenen J, Pegtel DM, van Tellingen O, Wurdinger T. Glycosylated extracellular vesicles released by glioblastoma cells are decorated by CCL18 allowing for cellular uptake via chemokine receptor CCR8. J Extracell Vesicles 2018; 7:1446660. [PMID: 29696074 PMCID: PMC5912193 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2018.1446660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells release extracellular vesicles (EVs) that contain functional biomolecules such as RNA and proteins. EVs are transferred to recipient cancer cells and can promote tumour progression and therapy resistance. Through RNAi screening, we identified a novel EV uptake mechanism involving a triple interaction between the chemokine receptor CCR8 on the cells, glycans exposed on EVs and the soluble ligand CCL18. This ligand acts as bridging molecule, connecting EVs to cancer cells. We show that glioblastoma EVs promote cell proliferation and resistance to the alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ). Using in vitro and in vivo stem-like glioblastoma models, we demonstrate that EV-induced phenotypes are neutralised by a small molecule CCR8 inhibitor, R243. Interference with chemokine receptors may offer therapeutic opportunities against EV-mediated cross-talk in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Berenguer
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tonny Lagerweij
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Xi Wen Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sophie Dusoswa
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Petra van der Stoop
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Westerman
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark C de Gooijer
- Department of Bio-Pharmacy/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marloes Zoetemelk
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anoek Zomer
- Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Matheus H W Crommentuijn
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Bio-Pharmacy/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laurine E Wedekind
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Àlan López-López
- Department of Physiological Sciences I, University of Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberta Giovanazzi
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marina Bruch-Oms
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Rogier M Reijmers
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Toin H van Kuppevelt
- Department of Matrix Biochemistry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Juan-Jesús García-Vallejo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bakhos A Tannous
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pieter Wesseling
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - W Peter Vandertop
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David P Noske
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Victor W van Beusechem
- Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacco van Rheenen
- Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - D Michiel Pegtel
- Department of Matrix Biochemistry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf van Tellingen
- Department of Bio-Pharmacy/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Wurdinger
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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22
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de Gooijer MC, van Tellingen O. Have we considered all barriers to mammalian target of rapamycin inhibition as treatment for diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma? Transl Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2017.10.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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23
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de Gooijer MC, Zhang P, Weijer R, Buil LCM, Beijnen JH, van Tellingen O. The impact of P-glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein on the brain pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a panel of MEK inhibitors. Int J Cancer 2017; 142:381-391. [PMID: 28921565 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mitogen/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK) inhibitors have been tested in clinical trials for treatment of intracranial neoplasms, including glioblastoma (GBM), but efficacy of these drugs has not yet been demonstrated. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a major impediment to adequate delivery of drugs into the brain and may thereby also limit the successful implementation of MEK inhibitors against intracranial malignancies. The BBB is equipped with a range of ATP-dependent efflux transport proteins, of which P-gp (ABCB1) and BCRP (ABCG2) are the two most dominant for drug efflux from the brain. We investigated their impact on the pharmacokinetics and target engagement of a panel of clinically applied MEK inhibitors, in order to select the most promising candidate for brain cancers in the context of clinical pharmacokinetics and inhibitor characteristics. To this end, we used in vitro drug transport assays and conducted pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies in wildtype and ABC-transporter knockout mice. PD0325901 displayed more promising characteristics than trametinib (GSK1120212), binimetinib (MEK162), selumetinib (AZD6244), and pimasertib (AS703026): PD0325901 was the weakest substrate of P-gp and BCRP in vitro, its brain penetration was only marginally higher in Abcb1a/b;Abcg2-/- mice, and efficient target inhibition in the brain could be achieved at clinically relevant plasma levels. Notably, target inhibition could also be demonstrated for selumetinib, but only at plasma levels far above levels in patients receiving the maximum tolerated dose. In summary, our study recommends further development of PD0325901 for the treatment of intracranial neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C de Gooijer
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066, CX, The Netherlands.,Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066, CX, The Netherlands
| | - Ping Zhang
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066, CX, The Netherlands.,Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066, CX, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road 107, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruud Weijer
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066, CX, The Netherlands.,Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066, CX, The Netherlands
| | - Levi C M Buil
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066, CX, The Netherlands.,Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066, CX, The Netherlands
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066, CX, The Netherlands.,Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/MC Slotervaart Hospital, Louwesweg 6, Amsterdam, 1066, EC, The Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht, 3584, CG, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf van Tellingen
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066, CX, The Netherlands.,Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066, CX, The Netherlands
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24
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Meel MH, Guillén-Navarro M, de Gooijer MC, Waranecki P, Buijl LCM, van Tellingen O, van Vuurden DG, Kaspers GJL, Hulleman E. DIPG-15. EFFECTIVE PRECLINICAL TREATMENT OF DIFFUSE INTRINSIC PONTINE GLIOMA BY MELK INHIBITION. Neuro Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox083.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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25
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Meel MH, Guillén-Navarro M, de Gooijer MC, Waranecki P, de Winter MP, van Vuurden DG, Kaspers GJL, Hulleman E. ATRT-05. PRECLINICAL EFFICACY OF RADIATION-FREE TREATMENT OF ATYPICAL TERATOID/RHABDOID TUMORS BY COMBINED MEK AND MELK INHIBITION. Neuro Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox083.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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26
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de Gooijer MC, van den Top A, Bockaj I, Beijnen JH, Würdinger T, van Tellingen O. The G2 checkpoint-a node-based molecular switch. FEBS Open Bio 2017; 7:439-455. [PMID: 28396830 PMCID: PMC5377395 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tight regulation of the eukaryotic cell cycle is paramount to ensure genomic integrity throughout life. Cell cycle checkpoints are present in each phase of the cell cycle and prevent cell cycle progression when genomic integrity is compromised. The G2 checkpoint is an intricate signaling network that regulates the progression of G2 to mitosis (M). We propose here a node-based model of G2 checkpoint regulation, in which the action of the central CDK1-cyclin B1 node is determined by the concerted but opposing activities of the Wee1 and cell division control protein 25C (CDC25C) nodes. Phosphorylation of both Wee1 and CDC25C at specific sites determines their subcellular localization, driving them either toward activity within the nucleus or to the cytoplasm and subsequent ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation. In turn, this subcellular balance of the Wee1 and CDC25C nodes is directed by the action of the PLK1 and CHK1 nodes via what we have termed the 'nuclear and cytoplasmic decision states' of Wee1 and CDC25C. The proposed node-based model provides an intelligible structure of the complex interactions that govern the decision to delay or continue G2/M progression. The model may also aid in predicting the effects of agents that target these G2 checkpoint nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C de Gooijer
- Division of Pharmacology/Mouse Cancer Clinic The Netherlands Cancer Institute Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Arnout van den Top
- Division of Pharmacology/Mouse Cancer Clinic The Netherlands Cancer Institute Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Irena Bockaj
- Division of Pharmacology/Mouse Cancer Clinic The Netherlands Cancer Institute Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Slotervaart Hospital Amsterdam The Netherlands; Division of Drug Toxicology Faculty of Pharmacy Utrecht University The Netherlands; Division of Biomedical Analysis Faculty of Science Utrecht University The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Würdinger
- Neuro-oncology Research Group Departments of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Oncology/Hematology Cancer Center Amsterdam VU University Medical Center The Netherlands; Molecular Neurogenetics Unit Departments of Neurology and Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA; Neuroscience Program Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA
| | - Olaf van Tellingen
- Division of Pharmacology/Mouse Cancer Clinic The Netherlands Cancer Institute Amsterdam The Netherlands
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27
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Lin F, de Gooijer MC, Hanekamp D, Chandrasekaran G, Buil LCM, Thota N, Sparidans RW, Beijnen JH, Würdinger T, van Tellingen O. PI3K-mTOR Pathway Inhibition Exhibits Efficacy Against High-grade Glioma in Clinically Relevant Mouse Models. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 23:1286-1298. [PMID: 27553832 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-1276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: The PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway is frequently activated in glioblastoma and offers several druggable targets. However, clinical efficacy of PI3K/mTOR inhibitors in glioblastoma has not yet been demonstrated. Insufficient drug delivery may limit the efficacy of PI3K/mTOR inhibitors against glioblastoma. The presence of the efflux transporters ABCB1/Abcb1 (P-glycoprotein, MDR1) and ABCG2/Abcg2 (BCRP) at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) restricts the brain penetration of many drugs.Experimental Design: We used in vitro drug transport assays and performed pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic studies in wild-type and ABC-transporter knockout mice. The efficacy of PI3K-mTOR inhibition was established using orthotopic allograft and genetically engineered spontaneous glioblastoma mouse models.Results: The mTOR inhibitors rapamycin and AZD8055 are substrates of ABCB1, whereas the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor NVP-BEZ235 and the PI3K inhibitor ZSTK474 are not. Moreover, ABCG2 transports NVP-BEZ235 and AZD8055, but not ZSTK474 or rapamycin. Concordantly, Abcb1a/b-/-;Abcg2-/- mice revealed increased brain penetration of rapamycin (13-fold), AZD8055 (7.7-fold), and NVP-BEZ235 (4.5-fold), but not ZSTK474 relative to WT mice. Importantly, ABC transporters limited rapamycin brain penetration to subtherapeutic levels, while the reduction in NVP-BEZ235 brain penetration did not prevent target inhibition. NVP-BEZ235 and ZSTK474 demonstrated antitumor efficacy with improved survival against U87 orthotopic gliomas, although the effect of ZSTK474 was more pronounced. Finally, ZSTK474 prolonged overall survival in Cre-LoxP conditional transgenic Pten;p16Ink4a/p19Arf;K-Rasv12;LucR mice, mainly by delaying tumor onset.Conclusions: PI3K/mTOR inhibitors with weak affinities for ABC transporters can achieve target inhibition in brain (tumors), but have modest single-agent efficacy and combinations with (BBB penetrable) inhibitors of other activated pathways may be required. Clin Cancer Res; 23(5); 1286-98. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Lin
- Department of Bio-Pharmacology/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute (Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mark C de Gooijer
- Department of Bio-Pharmacology/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute (Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Diana Hanekamp
- Department of Bio-Pharmacology/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute (Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gayathri Chandrasekaran
- Department of Bio-Pharmacology/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute (Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Levi C M Buil
- Department of Bio-Pharmacology/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute (Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nishita Thota
- Department of Bio-Pharmacology/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute (Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rolf W Sparidans
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Tom Würdinger
- Neuro-oncology Research Group, Departments of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Olaf van Tellingen
- Department of Bio-Pharmacology/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute (Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital), Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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28
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Meel MH, de Gooijer MC, Waranecki P, van Tellingen O, Kaspers GJ, Hulleman E. HG-52MELK INHIBITION AS A POTENTIAL TREATMENT FOR DIFFUSE INTRINSIC PONTINE GLIOMA. Neuro Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/now073.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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29
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de Gooijer MC, Zhang P, Thota N, Mayayo-Peralta I, Buil LCM, Beijnen JH, van Tellingen O. P-glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein restrict the brain penetration of the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib. Invest New Drugs 2015; 33:1012-9. [PMID: 26123925 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-015-0266-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Palbociclib is a cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitor with nanomolar potency and was recently approved for treatment of breast cancer. The drug may also be useful in glioblastoma (GBM) and diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG), which often have an activated CDK4/6-retinoblastoma signaling pathway. However, GBM and DIPG spread widely into the surrounding brain, which calls for a CDK4/6 inhibitor with sufficient blood-brain barrier penetration. METHODS We first performed in vitro transwell assays and demonstrate that palbociclib is a substrate of both P-gp and BCRP. Next, we conducted pharmacokinetic studies using wildtype, Abcg2(-/-), Abcb1a/b(-/-) and Abcg2; Abcb1a/b(-/-) mice. RESULTS The plasma levels were about 3000 and 500 nM and similar in all genotypes at 1 and 4 h after i.v. administration of 10 mg/kg. At 4 h the brain-to-plasma ratios were 0.3 in WT and Abcg2(-/-) mice versus 5.5 and 15 in Abcb1a/b(-/-) and Abcg2; Abcb1a/b(-/-) mice, respectively. The oral bioavailability of palbociclib was high (63 %) in WT mice and increased only modestly and non-significantly in Abcg2; Abcb1a/b(-/-) mice. The plasma level after oral dosing of 150 mg/kg was already much higher than observed in patients (200-400 nM) and exceeded 2500 nM for up to 24 h. This latter dose is commonly used in preclinical studies, which calls into question their predictive value as they were conducted at dose levels causing a clinically non-relevant systemic drug exposure. CONCLUSION Thus, the brain penetration of palbociclib is restricted by P-gp and BCRP, which may restrict the efficacy against GBM and DIPG. Moreover, preclinical studies with this agent should be conducted at a more clinically relevant dose level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C de Gooijer
- Department of Bio-Pharmacology/ Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, AKL room C1.005, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Bio-Pharmacology/ Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, AKL room C1.005, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road 107, 250012, Jinan, People's Republic China
| | - Nishita Thota
- Department of Bio-Pharmacology/ Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, AKL room C1.005, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Isabel Mayayo-Peralta
- Department of Bio-Pharmacology/ Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, AKL room C1.005, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Levi C M Buil
- Department of Bio-Pharmacology/ Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, AKL room C1.005, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute /Slotervaart Hospital, Louwesweg 6, 1066 EC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Drug Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Division of Biomedical Analysis, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Sorbonnelaan 16, 3584 CA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf van Tellingen
- Department of Bio-Pharmacology/ Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, AKL room C1.005, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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30
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Zhang P, de Gooijer MC, Buil LCM, Beijnen JH, Li G, van Tellingen O. ABCB1 and ABCG2 restrict the brain penetration of a panel of novel EZH2-Inhibitors. Int J Cancer 2015; 137:2007-18. [PMID: 25868794 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for treatment of a broad spectrum of tumors including gliomas. We explored the interactions of five novel, structurally similar EZH2 inhibitors (EPZ005687, EPZ-6438, UNC1999, GSK343 and GSK126) with P-glycoprotein (P-gp/ABCB1) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2). The compounds were screened by in vitro transwell assays and EPZ005687, EPZ-6438 and GSK126 were further tested in vivo using wild-type (WT), Abcb1 and/or Abcg2 knockout mice. All EZH2 inhibitors are transported by P-gp and BCRP, although in vitro the transporter affinity of GSK126 was obscured by very low membrane permeability. Both P-gp and Bcrp1 restrict the brain penetration of EPZ005687 and GSK126, whereas the brain accumulation of EPZ-6438 is limited by P-gp only and efflux of EPZ-6438 was completely abrogated by elacridar. Intriguingly, an unknown factor present in all knockout mouse strains causes EPZ005687 and EPZ-6438 retention in plasma relative to WT mice, a phenomenon not seen with GSK126. In WT mice, the GSK126 tissue-to-plasma ratio for all tissues is lower than for EPZ005687 or EPZ-6438. Moreover, the oral bioavailability of GSK126 is only 0.2% in WT mice, which increases to 14.4% in Abcb1;Abcg2 knockout mice. These results are likely due to poor membrane permeability and question the clinical usefulness of GSK126. Although all tested EZH2 inhibitors are substrates of P-gp and BCRP, restricting the brain penetration and potential utility for treatment of glioma, EPZ-6438 would be the most suitable candidate of this series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Bio-Pharmacy/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute (Antoni van Leeuwenhoek), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark C de Gooijer
- Department of Bio-Pharmacy/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute (Antoni van Leeuwenhoek), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Levi C M Buil
- Department of Bio-Pharmacy/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute (Antoni van Leeuwenhoek), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Drug Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Olaf van Tellingen
- Department of Bio-Pharmacy/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute (Antoni van Leeuwenhoek), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Lin F, de Gooijer MC, Hanekamp D, Brandsma D, Beijnen JH, van Tellingen O. Targeting core (mutated) pathways of high-grade gliomas: challenges of intrinsic resistance and drug efflux. CNS Oncol 2015; 2:271-88. [PMID: 25054467 DOI: 10.2217/cns.13.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade gliomas are the most common type of primary brain tumor and are among the most lethal types of human cancer. Most patients with a high-grade glioma have glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most malignant glioma subtype that is associated with a very aggressive disease course and short overall survival. Standard treatment of newly diagnosed GBM involves surgery followed by chemoradiation with temozolomide. However, despite this extensive treatment the mean overall survival is still only 14.6 months and more effective treatments are urgently needed. Although different types of GBMs are indistinguishable by histopathology, novel molecular pathological techniques allow discrimination between the four main GBM subtypes. Targeting the aberrations in the molecular pathways underlying these subtypes is a promising strategy to improve therapy. In this article, we will discuss the potential avenues and pitfalls of molecularly targeted therapies for the treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Lin
- Department of Clinical Chemistry/Preclinical Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Lin F, de Gooijer MC, Roig EM, Buil LCM, Christner SM, Beumer JH, Würdinger T, Beijnen JH, van Tellingen O. ABCB1, ABCG2, and PTEN determine the response of glioblastoma to temozolomide and ABT-888 therapy. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:2703-13. [PMID: 24647572 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Little is known about the optimal clinical use of ABT-888 (veliparib) for treatment of glioblastoma. ABT-888 is a PARP inhibitor undergoing extensive clinical evaluation in glioblastoma, because it may synergize with the standard-of-care temozolomide (TMZ). We have elucidated important factors controlling ABT-888 efficacy in glioblastoma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We used genetically engineered spontaneous glioblastoma mouse models and allograft models that were orthotopically transplanted into wild-type (WT) and Abcb1/Abcg2-deficient (KO) recipients. RESULTS ABT-888/TMZ is not efficacious against p53;p16(Ink4a)/p19(Arf);K-Ras(v12);LucR allografts in wild-type recipients, indicating inherent resistance. Abcb1/Abcg2 mediated efflux of ABT-888 at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) causes a 5-fold reduction of ABT-888 brain penetration (P < 0.0001) that was fully reversible by elacridar. Efficacy studies in WT and KO recipients and/or concomitant elacridar demonstrate that Abcb1/Abcg2 at the BBB and in tumor cells impair TMZ/ABT-888 combination treatment efficacy. Elacridar also markedly improved TMZ/ABT-888 combination treatment in the spontaneous p53;p16(Ink4a)/p19(Arf);K-Ras(v12);LucR glioblastoma model. Importantly, ABT-888 does enhance TMZ efficacy in Pten deficient glioblastoma allografts and spontaneous tumors, even in Abcb1/Abcg2 proficient wild-type mice. Loss of PTEN occurs frequently in glioblastoma (36%) and in silico analysis on patient with glioblastoma samples revealed that it is associated with a worse overall survival (310 days vs. 620 days, n = 117). CONCLUSIONS The potential of ABT-888 in glioblastoma can best be demonstrated in patients with PTEN null tumors. Therefore, clinical trials with ABT-888 should evaluate these patients as a separate group. Importantly, inhibition of ABCB1 and ABCG2 (by elacridar) may improve the efficacy of TMZ/ABT-888 therapy in all glioblastoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Lin
- Authors' Affiliations: General Clinical Lab/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam; Division of Drug Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Utrecht University, Utrecht; Molecular Therapeutics/Drug Discovery Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Neuro-oncology Research Group, Departments of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mark C de Gooijer
- Authors' Affiliations: General Clinical Lab/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam; Division of Drug Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Utrecht University, Utrecht; Molecular Therapeutics/Drug Discovery Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Neuro-oncology Research Group, Departments of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MassachusettsAuthors' Affiliations: General Clinical Lab/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam; Division of Drug Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Utrecht University, Utrecht; Molecular Therapeutics/Drug Discovery Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Neuro-oncology Research Group, Departments of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eloy Moreno Roig
- Authors' Affiliations: General Clinical Lab/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam; Division of Drug Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Utrecht University, Utrecht; Molecular Therapeutics/Drug Discovery Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Neuro-oncology Research Group, Departments of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Levi C M Buil
- Authors' Affiliations: General Clinical Lab/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam; Division of Drug Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Utrecht University, Utrecht; Molecular Therapeutics/Drug Discovery Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Neuro-oncology Research Group, Departments of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Susan M Christner
- Authors' Affiliations: General Clinical Lab/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam; Division of Drug Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Utrecht University, Utrecht; Molecular Therapeutics/Drug Discovery Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Neuro-oncology Research Group, Departments of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jan H Beumer
- Authors' Affiliations: General Clinical Lab/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam; Division of Drug Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Utrecht University, Utrecht; Molecular Therapeutics/Drug Discovery Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Neuro-oncology Research Group, Departments of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MassachusettsAuthors' Affiliations: General Clinical Lab/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam; Division of Drug Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Utrecht University, Utrecht; Molecular Therapeutics/Drug Discovery Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Neuro-oncology Research Group, Departments of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Thomas Würdinger
- Authors' Affiliations: General Clinical Lab/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam; Division of Drug Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Utrecht University, Utrecht; Molecular Therapeutics/Drug Discovery Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Neuro-oncology Research Group, Departments of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MassachusettsAuthors' Affiliations: General Clinical Lab/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam; Division of Drug Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Utrecht University, Utrecht; Molecular Therapeutics/Drug Discovery Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Neuro-oncology Research Group, Departments of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- Authors' Affiliations: General Clinical Lab/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam; Division of Drug Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Utrecht University, Utrecht; Molecular Therapeutics/Drug Discovery Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Neuro-oncology Research Group, Departments of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MassachusettsAuthors' Affiliations: General Clinical Lab/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam; Division of Drug Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Utrecht University, Utrecht; Molecular Therapeutics/Drug Discovery Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Neuro-oncology Research Group, Departments of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Olaf van Tellingen
- Authors' Affiliations: General Clinical Lab/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam; Division of Drug Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Utrecht University, Utrecht; Molecular Therapeutics/Drug Discovery Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Neuro-oncology Research Group, Departments of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Degeling MH, Bovenberg MSS, Lewandrowski GK, de Gooijer MC, Vleggeert-Lankamp CLA, Tannous M, Maguire CA, Tannous BA. Directed molecular evolution reveals Gaussia luciferase variants with enhanced light output stability. Anal Chem 2013; 85:3006-12. [PMID: 23425213 DOI: 10.1021/ac4003134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Gaussia Luciferase (Gluc) has proven to be a powerful mammalian cell reporter for monitoring numerous biological processes in immunology, virology, oncology, and neuroscience. Current limitations of Gluc as a reporter include its emission of blue light, which is absorbed by mammalian tissues, limiting its use in vivo, and a flash-type bioluminescence reaction, making it unsuited for high-throughput applications. To overcome these limitations, a library of Gluc variants was generated using directed molecular evolution and screened for relative light output, a shift in emission spectrum, and glow-type light emission kinetics. Several variants with a 10-15 nm shift in their light emission peak were found. Further, a Gluc variant that catalyzes a glow-type bioluminescence reaction, suited for high-throughput applications, was also identified. These results indicate that molecular evolution could be used to modulate Gluc bioluminescence reaction characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hannah Degeling
- Experimental Therapeutics and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States
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Lin F, Chandrasekaran G, de Gooijer MC, Beijnen JH, van Tellingen O. Determination of NVP-BEZ235, a dual PI3K and mTOR inhibitor, in human and mouse plasma and in mouse tissue homogenates by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 901:9-17. [PMID: 22727754 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2012] [Revised: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 05/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
NVP-BEZ235 is a novel dual inhibitor of PI3K/mTOR and currently undergoing phase I/II clinical trials for advanced solid tumors. We developed a sensitive and selective reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) assay with fluorometric detection for quantification of NVP-BEZ235 in biological matrices. Liquid-liquid extraction with tert-butyl methyl ether was used for sample pre-treatment, yielding a recovery of >84%. Chromatographic separation of NVP-BEZ235 and the internal standard (IS) NVP-BBD130 was achieved on a GraceSmart C-18 column by isocratic elution with a mobile phase which consisted of acetonitrile, methanol, and milliQ water adjusted with acetic acid to pH 3.7 (20:36:44, v/v/v). Fluorescence detection using excitation and emission wavelengths of 270 and 425 nm, respectively, provided a selectivity and sensitivity allowing quantification down to 1 ng/ml in human plasma and linear calibration curves within a range of 1-1000 ng/ml. The assay was validated for human plasma, mouse plasma and a range of tissues. The accuracy, within-day and between-day precision for all matrices, was within the generally accepted 15% range. NVP-BEZ235 was stable for 72 h in pretreated samples in reconstitution mixture (acetonitrile-water (30:70, v/v)), but unstable in mouse tissue homogenates upon repeated freeze-thaw cycles or long term storage (≥24 h) at room temperature. A pilot pharmacokinetic study in mice demonstrated the applicability of this method for pharmacokinetic purposes. Overall, this assay is suitable for the pharmacokinetic studies of NVP-BEZ235 in mice and in human plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Lin
- Department of Clinical Chemistry/Preclinical Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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de Gooijer MC, Lin F, Gasparini A, de Vries NA, Buil LC, Wurdinger T, Sonke JJ, Beijnen JH, Tellingen OV. Abstract 5718: Implementation of μ-Image Guided Radio-Therapy in the treatment of experimental glioma mouse models: Assessment of the potential of agents that interfere with DNA repair. Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2012-5718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
High-grade glioma is a devastating and uniformly fatal disease for which better therapy is urgently needed. In order to evaluate the potential of novel therapies, we have developed a set of glioma mouse models. These include LoxP conditional mouse models that form spontaneous high-grade gliomas following intracranial injection of lentiviral CMV-Cre vectors and high-grade glioma models that develop following intracranial injection of cell lines obtained from these spontaneous models and maintained as neurosphere cultures. Standard treatment of newly diagnosed high-grade glioma after surgical resection involves radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (CT) with temozolomide. Both modalities are based on inflicting damage to the DNA of tumor cells but have only a limited effect on overall survival. A potential strategy to improve the efficacy of DNA damaging therapies is to combine these with agents that interfere with DNA damage repair. In this study we have concentrated on the inhibition of PARP by ABT-888 and the inhibition of Wee1 kinase by PD0166285 and MK-1775. Importantly, we have mimicked the therapy of patients as closely as possible by implementing μ-Image Guided Radiotherapy (μ-IGRT) using the X-Rad 225Cx (Precision X-Ray Inc). Through cone beam CT guidance this system offers precise delivery of high energy beams (225 KVp) of small field sizes (1 - 5 mm), minimizing the exposure of normal tissues and allowing the delivery of RT doses that can not be given by conventional whole body RT. Here RT was delivered using a fractionated schedule (5 Gy per day x 4) in combination with oral temozolomide (100 mg/kg/day x 4) alone or with ABT-888 (10 mg/kg/bid x 4), PD0166285 (0.25 mg/kg/bid x 4 or MK1775 (20 mg/kg/bid x 4). Treatment of orthotopically injected Ink4a/Arf;P53;K-Rasv12 neurosphere-cultured cells (GBM652457) by RT + CT was much more efficacious than by CT alone. In line with the expectations, the PARP inhibitor ABT-888 significantly improved the response (assessed by bioluminescence monitoring) nd survival. However, the same combination was not more efficacious against spontaneous Ink4a/Arf;P53;K-Rasv12 tumors relative to RT + CT alone. Addition of the Wee1 kinase inhibitors PD0166285 or MK1775 did not improve the efficacy of RT+CT against intracranially injected GBM652457 cells. We are currently investigating the underlying reason of these results. ABT-888, PD0166285 and MK1775 are all substrates of ABCB1 and ABCG2 and especially MK1775 has a very poor BBB penetration. In conclusion, μ-IGRT is an exciting new technique to mimic treatment of glioma patients in mouse models more closely. Since all novel therapies for treatment of high-grade glioma will be given in conjunction to the current chemoradiation therapy, this technique will allow more accurate preclinical evaluation of novel therapies in a clinically relevant setting.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5718. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5718
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fan Lin
- 1Netherlands Cancer Inst., Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Tom Wurdinger
- 2Free University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Fan L, de Gooijer MC, Beumer JH, Christner SM, Beijnen JH, Van Tellingen O. Abstract LB-210: Impact of ABC-transporters in the blood-brain barrier on the efficacy of the PARP inhibitor ABT-888 against transplanted and spontaneous murine brain tumors. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-lb-210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction:
ABT-888 (veliparib) is a potent PARP inhibitor and is currently in phase 2 clinical trials. PARP inhibitors enhance the activity of DNA damaging therapies, due to the critical function of PARP-1 and PARP-2 in DNA repair. Combination of ABT-888 with radiation-temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy for glioma patient treatment is receiving considerable interest because this combination has shown promise in preclinical models. High-grade glioma patients have a very poor prognosis. Complete resection of the tumor is always impossible and many remaining tumor cells reside in surrounding normal brain tissue where the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is still functional. We have shown that ABCB1 and ABCG2 limit the brain penetration of ABT-888. We have extended our pharmacokinetic studies and are investigating the impact of ABC-transporters in the BBB on the efficacy of ABT-888/TMZ combination therapy using sophisticated murine glioma models.
Methods:
Drug disposition after i.v. and p.o. administration of 10 mg/kg has been determined in wildtype (WT), single and compound ABC-transporter knockout (KO) mice. ABT-888 was given alone or in combination with elacridar. Drug concentrations were determined by LC-MS/MS. The impact of ABC-transporters on the efficacy of ABT-888 (10 or 25 mg/kg/bid for 5 consecutive days) in combination with TMZ (100 mg/kg/dayx5) was studied using WT and Abcb1/Abcg2 KO recipient mice that were grafted intracranially with a murine glioma derived cell line. Furthermore, efficacy studies were conducted using a transgenic spontaneous glioma model by giving ABT-888 and TMZ with or without elacridar (50 mg/kg bidaily).
Results:
AUCs of ABT-888 in plasma, liver, kidney, spleen, lung and heart of WT vs single Abcb1, single Abcg2, or compound Abcb1;Abcg2 knockout mice after i.v. administration of 10 mg/kg were not different. However, the AUCs in brains were 4.6, 1.2 and 6.9-fold higher for Abcb1, Abcg2, and Abcb1;Abcg2 KO mice respectively, compared to WT mice. The oral bioavailability of ABT-888 was also similar in WT and KO mice. Co-administration of elacridar increased t-max, but this had only a minor effect on the plasma AUC. ABT-888 (10 mg/kg) potentiated the efficacy of TMZ against glioma cells implanted in Abcb1;Abcg2 KO mice. In WT mice, potentiating of TMZ was seen at 25 mg/kg, but not at 10 mg/kg. Spontaneous tumors treated with elacridar in combination with TMZ and ABT-888 (10 mg/kg) responded better than without elacridar, however, concomitant elacridar also appeared to enhance toxicity.
Conclusions:
ABC-transporters do not affect systemic clearance or oral bioavailability of ABT-888, however, the brain penetration of ABT-888 is 7-fold reduced by the action of Abcb1 and Abcg2. Efficacy studies indicate that these ABC-transporters may compromise the effects of ABT-888 in potentiating TMZ efficacy.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-210. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-210
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Fan
- 1Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Jan H. Beumer
- 2Pittsburgh Cancer Institute The Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA
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