1
|
Kita N, Tomita N, Takaoka T, Mekata Y, Okazaki D, Niwa M, Torii A, Takano S, Hiwatashi A. Risk Factors for Symptomatic Radiation Pneumonitis after Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) for Early-Stage Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e30. [PMID: 37785097 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) To identify risk factors for symptomatic radiation pneumonitis (RP) after stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in patients with early-stage lung cancer. MATERIALS/METHODS We reviewed patients with clinical stage IA1-IIA non-small cell lung cancer treated by SBRT in our institution. The primary endpoint was grade ≥ 2 RP. To evaluate the relationship between clinical risk factors and grade ≥ 2 RP, the Gray test was used for univariate analysis and the Fine-Gray model for multivariate analysis. Dose parameters were univariate analyzed using the Fine-Gray model. Optimal thresholds for dose parameters were tested using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS Among a total of 244 patients analyzed. The median age of patients was 77 years. The median follow-up period was 48 months. The 4-year cumulative incidence of grade ≥ 2 RP was 15.3% for all patients. In univariate analysis, tumor size (p = 0.01), central tumor (p < 0.001), interstitial pneumonia (p = 0.002), biological effective dose (BED, α/β ratio of 10 Gy) (p = 0.017), lung volume (%) receiving at least 8 Gy (V8) (p = 0.012), V10 (p = 0.011), V20 (p = 0.022) and mean lung dose (MLD) (p = 0.014) were significantly associated with the risk of grade ≥ 2 RP. In multivariate analysis, central tumor (hazard ratio [HR], 3.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.88-7.55; p < 0.001) and interstitial pneumonia (HR, 4.88; 95% CI, 1.77-13.43; p = 0.002) were significantly associated with the risk of grade ≥ 2 RP. ROC curve analysis showed that the optimal diagnostic thresholds for lung V8, V10, V20, and MLD were 19.5% (the area under the curve [AUC]-0.629), 16.7% (AUC-0.629), 7.9% (AUC-0.621), and 5.2 Gy (AUC-0.623). The incidence of RP2 was found to be significantly high for values higher than the ROC threshold. The 4-year cumulative incidence of grade ≥ 2 RP in the V10 ≤ 16.7% vs V10 > 16.7% groups were 10% vs. 27% (p = 0.0013). CONCLUSION Central tumor and interstitial pneumonia were significant risk factors for RP2 after SBRT. We recommend that lung V10 be kept below 16.7%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Kita
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - N Tomita
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - T Takaoka
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Y Mekata
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - D Okazaki
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - M Niwa
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - A Torii
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - S Takano
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - A Hiwatashi
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Takano S, Tomita N, Niwa M, Torii A, Takaoka T, Okazaki D, Kita N, Uchiyama K, Imai M, Ayakawa S, Iida M, Tsuzuki Y, Otsuka S, Manabe Y, Nomura K, Ogawa Y, Miyakawa A, Miyamoto A, Yasui T, Hiwatashi A. Effects of Radiation Doses on Clinical Recurrence in Patients with Biochemically Recurrent Prostate Cancer after Prostatectomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e444. [PMID: 37785436 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Salvage radiotherapy (SRT) to the prostate bed is the only curative treatment for patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP). Although several systematic reviews indicated that a dose escalation in the range of 60-70 Gy improved biochemical control, the effects of radiation doses on clinical relapse after SRT remain unclear. Our aim was to investigate the relationship between radiation doses and clinical relapse-free survival (cRFS) after SRT. MATERIALS/METHODS We identified 295 eligible patients receiving SRT for biochemically recurrent prostate cancer after RP between 2005 and 2018 at 15 institutions. Sixteen patients (5%) received short-term (< 6 months) androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) following RP and/or concurrently with SRT. SRT was delivered to the prostate and seminal vesicle bed using photon beams at a median (range) dose of 66 Gy (61-85) in 1.8-3.0 Gy fractions. The primary outcome was cRFS. Clinical relapse was identified on radiological imaging and/or biopsy and included local recurrence, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis. In all analyses, doses were recalculated as an equivalent dose in 2-Gy fractions (EQD2) with α/β = 1.5 Gy. Clinical RFS between the EQD2 ≥ 66 Gy (n = 229) and EQD2 < 66 Gy (n = 66) groups were compared using the Log-rank test, followed by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses and a subgroup analysis. RESULTS The median follow-up duration was 73 months. Among patients with BCR (n = 119), 79 of 96 (82%) in the EQD2 ≥ 66 Gy group and 21 of 23 (91%) in the EQD2 < 66 Gy group received second salvage ADT (p = 0.36). Among all patients (n = 295), clinical relapse was identified in 22 (7%) patients after SRT. Six-year biochemical relapse-free survival (bRFS), cRFS, cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS) rates were 58%, 93%, 98%, and 94%, respectively. Six-year cRFS rates were 94% (95% confidence interval [CI], 90-97) in the EQD2 ≥ 66 Gy group and 87% (95% CI, 75-93) in the EQD2 < 66 Gy group (p = 0.020). The multivariate analysis revealed that EQD2 < 66 Gy, Gleason score ≥ 8, seminal vesicle involvement, and PSA at BCR ≥ 0.5 ng/ml correlated with clinical relapse (p = 0.0016, 0.014, 0.011, and 0.027, respectively). The subgroup analysis showed the consistent benefit of EQD2 ≥ 66 Gy in patients across most subgroups including PSA at BCR after RP, extracapsular extension, and age at SRT. CONCLUSION This large multi-institutional observational study demonstrated that a higher SRT dose (EQD2 ≥ 66 Gy) resulted in superior cRFS. The present result supports the dose recommendations in the 2023 National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines (64-72 Gy) even in terms of clinical relapse. Prospective trial is warranted to investigate an upper threshold for optimal SRT dose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Takano
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - N Tomita
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - M Niwa
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - A Torii
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - T Takaoka
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - D Okazaki
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - N Kita
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - K Uchiyama
- Department of Radiology, Kariya-Toyota general hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - M Imai
- Department of Radiology, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daini Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - S Ayakawa
- Department of Radiology, Japan Community Healthcare Organization Chukyo Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - M Iida
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Radiation Oncology, Suzuka General Hospital, Suzuka, Japan
| | - Y Tsuzuki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City University West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - S Otsuka
- Department of Radiology, Okazaki City Hospital, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Y Manabe
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanbu Tokushukai Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | - K Nomura
- Department of Radiotherapy, Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Y Ogawa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kasugai Municipal Hospital, Kasugai, Japan
| | - A Miyakawa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - A Miyamoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hokuto Hospital, Obihiro, Japan
| | - T Yasui
- Department of Urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - A Hiwatashi
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Muramatsu K, Shimo S, Tamaki T, Ikutomo M, Niwa M. Functional and Structural Changes in the Corticospinal Tract of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10123. [PMID: 34576288 PMCID: PMC8472618 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to reveal functional and morphological changes in the corticospinal tract, a pathway shown to be susceptible to diabetes. Type 1 diabetes was induced in 13-week-old male Wistar rats administered streptozotocin. Twenty-three weeks after streptozotocin injection, diabetic animals and age-matched control animals were used to demonstrate the conduction velocity of the corticospinal tract. Other animals were used for morphometric analyses of the base of the dorsal funiculus of the corticospinal tract in the spinal cord using both optical and electron microscopy. The conduction velocity of the corticospinal tract decreased in the lumbar spinal cord in the diabetic animal, although it did not decrease in the cervical spinal cord. Furthermore, atrophy of the fibers of the base of the dorsal funiculus was observed along their entire length, with an increase in the g-ratio in the lumbar spinal cord in the diabetic animal. This study indicates that the corticospinal tract fibers projecting to the lumbar spinal cord experience a decrease in conduction velocity at the lumbar spinal cord of these axons in diabetic animals, likely caused by a combination of axonal atrophy and an increased g-ratio due to thinning of the myelin sheath.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Muramatsu
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kyorin University, 5-4-1 Simorenzyaku, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8612, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shimo
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Health Science University, 7187 Kodachi, Fujikawaguchiko, Yamanashi 401-0380, Japan;
| | - Toru Tamaki
- Department of Physical Therapy, Health Science University, 7187 Kodachi, Fujikawaguchiko, Yamanashi 401-0380, Japan;
| | - Masako Ikutomo
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Tokyo Health Sciences, 4-11 Ochiai, Tama, Tokyo 206-0003, Japan;
| | - Masatoshi Niwa
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Kyorin University, 5-4-1 Simorenzyaku, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8612, Japan;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yamada Y, Murai T, Kishi K, Sugie C, Kosaki K, Kondo T, Torii A, Niwa M, Kita N, Iida M, Shibamoto Y. Tomotherapy for Chemotherapy-Unfit or Chemo-Refractory Multiple Metastases. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.1352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
5
|
Muramatsu K, Niwa M, Sasaki SI. Properties of Renshaw-like cells excited by recurrent collaterals of pudendal motoneurons in the cat. J Physiol Sci 2020; 70:37. [PMID: 32660421 PMCID: PMC10717121 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-020-00763-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Although anatomical studies have indicated pudendal motoneurons to give off recurrent collaterals, they are not considered to make synapses onto interneurons, such as Renshaw cells, and rather terminate their own signals. No study till date has examined interneurons being driven by recurrent collaterals of pudendal motoneurons. Here, we aimed to investigate the existence of Renshaw cells driven by pudendal motoneurons along with the recurrent inhibition of the latter. Extracellular recordings were obtained from the ventral horn of the sacral spinal cord of anesthetized cats. Dorsal roots were sectioned, and motor axons were electrically stimulated. Renshaw-like cells driven by recurrent collaterals, with high-frequency firings at short latency discharge, were observed around Onuf's nucleus. However, the recurrent inhibitory post-synaptic potentials were not recorded by intracellular recordings from the pudendal motoneurons. In summary, we found Renshaw-like cells driven by pudendal motoneurons, but we could not identify the synaptic connection of these neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Muramatsu
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kyorin University, 5-4-1 Shimorenjaku, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8612, Japan.
| | - Masatoshi Niwa
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Kyorin University, 5-4-1 Shimorenjaku, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8612, Japan
| | - Sei-Ichi Sasaki
- Center for Medical Sciences, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, 4669-2 Ami, Ami-machi, Inashiki, Ibaraki, 300-0394, Japan
- Toyo Public Health College, 6-21-7 Hommachi, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 151-0071, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sasaki SI, Muramatsu K, Niwa M. Firing properties of medullary expiratory neurons during fictive straining in cats. J Physiol Sci 2019; 69:961-968. [PMID: 31571147 PMCID: PMC10717739 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-019-00715-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Expiratory (E) neurons in the caudal nucleus retroambigualis extend descending spinal axons to the lumbar and sacral spinal cord. Discharge rates of single E neurons were recorded to examine differences in activity of E neurons projecting to the lumbar or sacral spinal cord during fictive straining induced by distention of the colon with a balloon. Firing frequencies of E neurons with descending axons in the thoracic and lumbar spinal cord increased during the repetitive rise of rectum pressure, whereas those of E neurons with descending axons in the sacral spinal cord decreased. E neurons with descending axons in the thoracic/lumbar and sacral spinal cord exhibit different firing characteristics during the repetitive rise of rectum pressure when straining during defecation. The activity of abdominal nerves during fictive straining is in phase with changes in rectum pressure, but out of phase with the activity of E neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sei-Ichi Sasaki
- Center for Medical Sciences, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan
- Toyo Public Health College, 6-21-7 Hommachi, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 151-0071, Japan
| | - Ken Muramatsu
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kyorin University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Niwa
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Kyorin University, 5-4-1 Shimorenjaku, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8612, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mizuno T, Tomita N, Uchiyama K, Sugie C, Imai M, Ayakawa S, Niwa M, Matsui T, Otsuka S, Manabe Y, Nomura K, Kondo T, Kosaki K, Akifumi M, Miyamoto A, Takemoto S, Yasui T, Shibamoto Y. Impact of Early Salvage Radiotherapy in Patients with Biochemical Recurrence after Radical Prostatectomy: Results of a Multi-institutional Retrospective Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.1843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
8
|
Niwa M, Muramatsu K, Nakayama K, Sasaki SI. Electrophysiological properties of Ia excitation and recurrent inhibition in cat abdominal motoneurons. J Physiol Sci 2019; 69:253-262. [PMID: 30324557 PMCID: PMC10716931 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-018-0643-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ia excitation and recurrent inhibition are basic neuronal circuits in motor control in hind limb. Renshaw cells receive synaptic inputs from axon collaterals of motoneurons and inhibit motoneurons and Ia inhibitory interneurons. It is important to know properties of Ia excitation and recurrent inhibition of trunk muscle such as abdominal muscles. The abdominal muscles have many roles and change those roles for different kind of functions. Intracellular recordings were obtained from the abdominal motoneurons of the upper lumbar segments in cats anesthetized. First, dorsal roots were left intact, and sensory and motor axons were electrically stimulated. Ia excitatory post-synaptic potentials were elicited in five of eight motoneurons at same segment stimulated. Second, dorsal roots were sectioned, and motor axons were electrically stimulated. Recurrent inhibitory post-synaptic potentials were elicited in one of 11 abdominal motoneurons. Renshaw cells extracellularly fired high-frequency bursts at short latency and at same segment stimulated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Niwa
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Kyorin University, 5-4-1 Shimorenjaku, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8612, Japan.
| | - Ken Muramatsu
- Department of Physical Therapy, Health Science University, 7187 Kodachi, Fujikawaguchiko, Yamanashi, 401-0380, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Nakayama
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Sei-Ichi Sasaki
- Center for Medical Sciences, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, 4669-2 Ami, Ami-machi, Inashiki, Ibaraki, 300-0394, Japan
- Tokyo Public Health College, 6-21-7 Hommachi, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 151-0071, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Manabe Y, Shibamoto Y, Torii A, Niwa M, Kondo T, Okazaki D, Murai T, Sugie C. Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy for Multiple Targets with Tomotherapy Using Multiple Sets of Static Ports From Different Angles - Pseudo Dynamic-Jaw and Dynamic-Couch Technique. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.1290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
10
|
Tamaki T, Muramatsu K, Ikutomo M, Oshiro N, Hayashi H, Niwa M. Effects of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on leg muscle contractile properties and motor neuron morphology in rats. Anat Sci Int 2018; 93:502-513. [PMID: 29876845 DOI: 10.1007/s12565-018-0444-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle fiber subtypes are differentially sensitive to diabetes-related pathology; For example, fast-twitch muscles exhibit severe decreases in contraction force while slow-twitch muscles demonstrate prolonged half-relaxation time. However, such alterations have only been examined after a relatively short period following diabetes onset, with no information available regarding muscle damage caused by longer disease periods (>20 weeks). This study examined alterations in the contractile properties of the medial gastrocnemius (fast-twitch) and soleus (slow-twitch) muscles, as well as morphological changes in their motor neurons 12 and 22 weeks after diabetes onset. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into diabetic (12- or 22-week post-streptozotocin injection) and age-matched control groups. Electrically evoked maximum twitch and tetanic tension were recorded from leg muscles. Additionally, motor neuron number and cell body size were examined. At 12 weeks after diabetes onset, decreases in twitch force were observed predominantly in medial gastrocnemius muscles, while soleus muscles exhibited prolonged half-relaxation time. However, these differences became ambiguous at 22 weeks, with decreased twitch force and prolonged half-relaxation time observed in both muscles. On the other hand, reduction in soleus motor neurons was observed 12 weeks after diabetes onset, while medial gastrocnemius motor neurons were diminished at 22 weeks. These data indicate that experimental diabetes induces differential damage to medial gastrocnemius and soleus muscles as well as motor neurons. These diabetes-induced differences may partly underlie the differential deficits observed in gastrocnemius and soleus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toru Tamaki
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Graduate School of Kyorin University, 5-4-1 Simorenzyaku, Mitaka-city, Tokyo, 181-8612, Japan. .,Department of Physical Therapy, Health Science University, 7187 Kodachi, Fujikawaguchiko-town, Yamanashi, 401-0380, Japan.
| | - Ken Muramatsu
- Department of Physical Therapy, Health Science University, 7187 Kodachi, Fujikawaguchiko-town, Yamanashi, 401-0380, Japan
| | - Masako Ikutomo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Health Science University, 7187 Kodachi, Fujikawaguchiko-town, Yamanashi, 401-0380, Japan
| | - Naomi Oshiro
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Graduate School of Kyorin University, 5-4-1 Simorenzyaku, Mitaka-city, Tokyo, 181-8612, Japan
| | - Hisae Hayashi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Seijoh University, 2-172 Fukinodai, Tokai City, Aichi, 476-8588, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Niwa
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Graduate School of Kyorin University, 5-4-1 Simorenzyaku, Mitaka-city, Tokyo, 181-8612, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Niwa M, Berget SM. Polyadenylation precedes splicing in vitro. Gene Expr 2018; 1:5-14. [PMID: 1726467 PMCID: PMC5952195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Vertebrate premessenger RNAs are usually spliced and polyadenylated. In vivo analysis of the relative kinetics of the two reactions is difficult. We have used in vitro processing systems to investigate the order of splicing and polyadenylation of chimeric precursor RNAs containing a single intron and a poly(A) site. Polyadenylated, but not spliced, intermediate RNA appeared first and reached a low steady-state level early during incubation, properties consistent with its being a reaction intermediate in the production of doubly-processed spliced and polyadenylated product RNA. The kinetics of polyadenylation suggested that polyadenylated RNA was the only intermediate in the production of doubly-processed RNA. Spliced, but not polyadenylated, RNA also appeared. This species, however, continued to accumulate during reaction, and could not be chased into product spliced and polyadenylated RNA. These data support a preferred order of reaction for 3' terminal introns and exons in which polyadenylation precedes splicing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Niwa
- Marrs McClean Department of Biochemistry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yamagami S, Adachi T, Sugimura T, Wada S, Kishimoto T, Maekawa M, Yoshimura R, Niwa M, Terano Y, Shaldon S. Detection of Endotoxin Antibody in Long-Term Dialysis Patients. Int J Artif Organs 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/039139889001300403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Endotoxins are often seen in dialysate. They are derived from Gram-negative bacteria especially Pseudomonas, E. coli and Serratia. Endotoxins are large-molecular-weight substances with an average molecular weight of 108. These large units can be divided into subunits down to a molecular weight of 10,000 which are thought to pass through dialyzer membranes. To investigate this, endotoxin antibody levels were measured in two groups of patients on chronic regular hemodialysis, a low-flux group using cellulosic membrane dialyzers (cuprophanR and cuproammonium rayon (CAR) and a high-flux group using synthetic polymer membrane dialyzers (PMMA, EVAL). Using an ELISA based on standard endotoxin antibodies the percentages of patients in the low flux group with endotoxin antibodies were 26.9% with Cuprophan and 25% with CAR, not significantly different from a normal control group. In the PMMA and EVAL groups, it was 53.6% and 68.4% respectively. Back filtration of dialysate into blood is understood as the main reason for the entry of endotoxin in patients treated with high-flux dialyzers
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Yamagami
- Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka - Japan
- University Hospital Nimes, Montpellier- France
| | - T. Adachi
- Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka - Japan
- University Hospital Nimes, Montpellier- France
| | - T. Sugimura
- Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka - Japan
- University Hospital Nimes, Montpellier- France
| | - S. Wada
- Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka - Japan
- University Hospital Nimes, Montpellier- France
| | - T. Kishimoto
- Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka - Japan
- University Hospital Nimes, Montpellier- France
| | - M. Maekawa
- Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka - Japan
- University Hospital Nimes, Montpellier- France
| | - R. Yoshimura
- Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka - Japan
- University Hospital Nimes, Montpellier- France
| | - M. Niwa
- Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka - Japan
- University Hospital Nimes, Montpellier- France
| | - Y. Terano
- Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka - Japan
- University Hospital Nimes, Montpellier- France
| | - S. Shaldon
- Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka - Japan
- University Hospital Nimes, Montpellier- France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Muramatsu K, Ikutomo M, Tamaki T, Shimo S, Niwa M. Effect of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on motor representations in the motor cortex and corticospinal tract in rats. Brain Res 2018; 1680:115-126. [PMID: 29273401 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Motor disorders in patients with diabetes are associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, which can lead to symptoms such as lower extremity weakness. However, it is unclear whether central motor system disorders can disrupt motor function in patients with diabetes. In a streptozotocin-induced rat model of type 1 diabetes, we used intracortical microstimulation to evaluate motor representations in the motor cortex, recorded antidromic motor cortex responses to spinal cord stimulation to evaluate the function of corticospinal tract (CST) axons, and used retrograde labeling to evaluate morphological alterations of CST neurons. The diabetic rats exhibited size reductions in the hindlimb area at 4 weeks and in trunk and forelimb areas after 13 weeks, with the hindlimb and trunk area reductions being the most severe. Other areas were unaffected. Additionally, we observed reduced antidromic responses in CST neurons with axons projecting to lumbar spinal segments (CST-L) but not in those with axons projecting to cervical segments (CST-C). This was consistent with the observation that retrograde-labeled CST-L neurons were decreased in number following tracer injection into the spinal cord in diabetic animals but that CST-C neurons were preserved. These results show that diabetes disrupts the CST system components controlling hindlimb and trunk movement. This disruption may contribute to lower extremity weakness in patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Muramatsu
- Department of Physical Therapy, Health Science University, Yamanashi, Japan.
| | - Masako Ikutomo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Health Science University, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Toru Tamaki
- Department of Physical Therapy, Health Science University, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shimo
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Health Science University, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Niwa
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Kyorin University, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Muramatsu K, Niwa M, Tamaki T, Ikutomo M, Masu Y, Hasegawa T, Shimo S, Sasaki SI. Effect of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on motoneurons and muscle spindles in rats. Neurosci Res 2016; 115:21-28. [PMID: 27826051 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the alterations in the number and size of motoneurons innervating the medial gastrocnemius (MG) and biceps femoris (BF) motor nuclei in diabetic rats (12 or 22 weeks after injection of streptozotocin) and age-matched controls using retrograde labeling technique. Additionally, morphological alterations of muscle spindles in BF and MG muscles were tested. Significantly fewer labeled MG motoneurons were found in 12- and 22-week diabetic rats as compared with age-matched control animals. In contrast, the number of BF motoneurons was preserved in each group. Compared to control animals, the ratio of larger motoneurons of MG and BF muscle were decreased at 12 weeks, and smaller MG motoneurons were drastically decreased at 22 weeks. Moreover, MG muscle spindle showed reduction of its number and increase of intrafusal muscle fibers; however, BF muscle spindles showed little or no difference from control animals. We conclude that there is an early loss of alpha motoneurons for both MG and BF muscles followed by a later loss of gamma motoneurons in MG muscle in diabetic animals. Moreover, loss of gamma motoneuron might induce atrophy of MG muscle spindles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Muramatsu
- Department of Physical Therapy, Health Science University, Yamanashi, Japan.
| | - Masatoshi Niwa
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Kyorin University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Tamaki
- Department of Physical Therapy, Health Science University, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Masako Ikutomo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Health Science University, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yujiro Masu
- Department of Physical Therapy, Health Science University, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Hasegawa
- Division of Human Environmental Science, Mount Fuji Research Institute, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shimo
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Health Science University, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Sei-Ichi Sasaki
- Center for Medical Sciences, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yoshimatsu K, Niwa M, Mashiko H, Oshima T, Ohtomo A. Reversible superconductor-insulator transition in LiTi2O4 induced by Li-ion electrochemical reaction. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16325. [PMID: 26541508 PMCID: PMC4635382 DOI: 10.1038/srep16325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Transition metal oxides display various electronic and magnetic phases such as high-temperature superconductivity. Controlling such exotic properties by applying an external field is one of the biggest continuous challenges in condensed matter physics. Here, we demonstrate clear superconductor-insulator transition of LiTi2O4 films induced by Li-ion electrochemical reaction. A compact electrochemical cell of pseudo-Li-ion battery structure is formed with a superconducting LiTi2O4 film as an anode. Li content in the film is controlled by applying a constant redox voltage. An insulating state is achieved by Li-ion intercalation to the superconducting film by applying reduction potential. In contrast, the superconducting state is reproduced by applying oxidation potential to the Li-ion intercalated film. Moreover, superconducting transition temperature is also recovered after a number of cycles of Li-ion electrochemical reactions. This complete reversible transition originates in difference in potentials required for deintercalation of initially contained and electrochemically intercalated Li(+) ions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Yoshimatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - M Niwa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - H Mashiko
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - T Oshima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - A Ohtomo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan.,Materials Research Centre for Element Strategy (MCES), Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Niwa M, Muramatsu K, Sasaki SI. Discharge patterns of abdominal and pudendal nerves during induced defecation in anesthetized cats. J Physiol Sci 2015; 65:223-31. [PMID: 25682059 PMCID: PMC10717334 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-015-0362-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Defecation is thought to be achieved not only by contraction of the colon, but also by a rise in intra-abdominal pressure. In this study we recorded the discharges of nerves innervating the abdominal (Abd) muscles, diaphragm, external anal sphincter (EAS) muscle and pelvic floor (PF) muscles during induced defecation evoked by distention of an expellable balloon to reveal defecation-related muscle activities. The discharges of the Abd muscle and phrenic (Phr) nerves increased when rectal pressure increased. The discharges of the EAS and PF nerves usually increased in proportion to the pressure in the rectum and maintained a constant activity level, although some trials showed inhibition. The results suggest that activities of these muscles increase the intra-abdominal pressure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Niwa
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Kyorin University, 476 Miyashita, Hatioji, Tokyo, 192-8508, Japan,
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Niwa M, Takagi H. Is 30-day mortality after transcatheter aortic valve implantation lower than society of thoracic surgeons predicted risk of mortality? A meta-analysis and meta-regression of contemporary studies. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht310.p5422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
18
|
Muramatsu K, Niwa M, Nagai M, Kamimura T, Sasaki SI, Ishiguro T. The size of motoneurons of the gastrocnemius muscle in rats with diabetes. Neurosci Lett 2012; 531:109-13. [PMID: 23127853 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2012.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Revised: 10/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in the number and size of motoneurons were studied in the medial gastrocnemius (MG) motor nucleus of diabetic rats (12 or 22 weeks after injection of storeptozotocin) and age-matched controls. Each group contained 6 animals. MG motoneurons were retrogradely labeled by dextran-fluorescein and the number and size of cell bodies were examined. Significantly fewer labeled MG motoneurons were found in the 22-week diabetic rats as compared with age-matched control animals. The mean soma diameter of MG motoneurons was significantly smaller in the 12- and 22-week diabetic animals. Furthermore the soma size for 22-week diabetic animals was smaller than for 12-week diabetic animals. The distribution of average soma diameters in the MG nucleus of control animals was bimodal; cells with larger average diameter were presumed to be alpha-motoneurons and those with smaller diameters were presumed to be gamma. Compared to control animals, the number of smaller MG motoneurons was reduced in 12 week diabetic animals. By 22 weeks, diabetic animals had no small MG motoneurons and the size distribution became unimodal. We conclude that there is a significant decrease in the absolute number and size of MG motoneurons in diabetic rats, with the possibility that the decrease occurred predominantly among the smaller gamma-motoneurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Muramatsu
- Department of Physical Therapy, Health Science University, Yamanashi, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sasamori T, Sakagami M, Niwa M, Sakai H, Furukawa Y, Tokitoh N. Synthesis of a stable 1,2-bis(ferrocenyl)diphosphene. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:8562-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc33277a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
20
|
Muramatsu K, Niwa M, Sasaki SI. Activity of the external anal sphincter muscle during defecation in the cat. Neurosci Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2011.07.698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
21
|
Mitsuyama K, Niwa M, Masuda J, Kuwaki K, Yamasaki H, Takedatsu H, Kobayashi T, Sata M. Isolation and characterization of a novel short peptide associated with Crohn's disease. Clin Exp Immunol 2011. [PMID: 21797848 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2011.04444.x.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Phage display technology has been utilized to select target molecules against circulating antibodies. The aims of this study were to isolate a peptide that binds with serum from Crohn's disease (CD) patients and to examine its diagnostic and pathogenic significance. A phage display library was constructed using cDNA from Caco-2 cells. Affinity selection using this cDNA library and serum samples from patients with CD was then performed. Phage clones that specifically reacted with the CD sera were then selected using a phage enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). After the DNA sequences of the selected phages were determined and converted to amino acid sequences, the synthesized peptides were examined using an ELISA. The effect of the synthesized peptides on cytokine release from cultured blood mononuclear cells was investigated. An ELISA analysis for TCP-353 demonstrated that while 61·7% of the samples from CD patients were seroreactive, seroreactivity was less common among patients with ulcerative colitis (7·3%), acute colitis (0%) or colon cancer (11·4%) and among normal subjects (2·8%). The induction of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α release, but not IL-10 release, in response to TCP-353 peptide was enhanced in CD mononuclear cells only. We isolated a novel peptide that specifically binds to CD sera and stimulates the proinflammatory responses of CD mononuclear cells. TCP-353 may have diagnostic, pathogenic and therapeutic significance with regard to the treatment of CD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Mitsuyama
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mitsuyama K, Niwa M, Masuda J, Kuwaki K, Yamasaki H, Takedatsu H, Kobayashi T, Sata M. Isolation and characterization of a novel short peptide associated with Crohn's disease. Clin Exp Immunol 2011; 166:72-9. [PMID: 21797848 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2011.04444.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Phage display technology has been utilized to select target molecules against circulating antibodies. The aims of this study were to isolate a peptide that binds with serum from Crohn's disease (CD) patients and to examine its diagnostic and pathogenic significance. A phage display library was constructed using cDNA from Caco-2 cells. Affinity selection using this cDNA library and serum samples from patients with CD was then performed. Phage clones that specifically reacted with the CD sera were then selected using a phage enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). After the DNA sequences of the selected phages were determined and converted to amino acid sequences, the synthesized peptides were examined using an ELISA. The effect of the synthesized peptides on cytokine release from cultured blood mononuclear cells was investigated. An ELISA analysis for TCP-353 demonstrated that while 61·7% of the samples from CD patients were seroreactive, seroreactivity was less common among patients with ulcerative colitis (7·3%), acute colitis (0%) or colon cancer (11·4%) and among normal subjects (2·8%). The induction of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α release, but not IL-10 release, in response to TCP-353 peptide was enhanced in CD mononuclear cells only. We isolated a novel peptide that specifically binds to CD sera and stimulates the proinflammatory responses of CD mononuclear cells. TCP-353 may have diagnostic, pathogenic and therapeutic significance with regard to the treatment of CD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Mitsuyama
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Yang WM, Jung KJ, Lee MO, Lee YS, Lee YH, Nakagawa S, Niwa M, Cho SS, Kim DW. Transient expression of iron transport proteins in the capillary of the developing rat brain. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2011; 31:93-9. [PMID: 21061168 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-010-9558-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2010] [Accepted: 08/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Iron is essential for normal brain function and its uptake in the developing rat brain peaks during the first two weeks after birth, prior to the formation of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The first step of iron transport from the blood to the brain is transferrin receptor (TfR)-mediated endocytosis in the capillary endothelial cells. However, the subsequent step from the endothelium into interstitium has not been fully described. The goal of this study was to examine the expression of iron transport proteins by immunodetection and RT–PCR in the developing rat brain. Tf and TfR are transiently expressed in perivascular NG2+ cells of the capillary wall during the early postnatal weeks in the rat brain. However, MTP-1 and hephaestin were expressed in endothelial cells, but not in the NG2+ perivascular cells. Immunoblot analysis for these iron transfer proteins in the developing brain generally confirmed the immunochemical findings. Furthermore, the expression of Tf and TfR in the blood vessels precedes its expression in oligodendrocytes, the main iron-storing cells in the vertebrate brain. RT–PCR analysis for the primary culture of endothelial cells and pericytes revealed that Tf and TfR were highly expressed in the pericytes while MTP-1 and hephaestin were expressed in the endothelial cells. The specific expression of Tf and TfR in brain perivascular cells and MTP-1 and hephaestin in endothelial cells suggest the possibility that trafficking of elemental iron through perivascular cells may be instrumental in the distribution of iron in the developing central nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W M Yang
- Department of Anatomy, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lipina TV, Niwa M, Jaaro-Peled H, Fletcher PJ, Seeman P, Sawa A, Roder JC. Enhanced dopamine function in DISC1-L100P mutant mice: implications for schizophrenia. Genes Brain Behav 2010; 9:777-89. [PMID: 20618446 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-183x.2010.00615.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Significant advances have been made in understanding the role of disrupted-in-schizophrenia-1 (DISC1) in the brain and accumulating findings suggest the possible implication of DISC1 in the regulation of dopamine (DA) function. A mutation in the second exon of DISC1 at L100P leads to the development of schizophrenia-related behavior in mutant mice (DISC1-L100P). We investigated here the role of DA in the expression of schizophrenia-related endophenotypes in the DISC1-L100P genetic mouse model. The mutated DISC1 resulted in facilitation of the psychostimulant effect of amphetamine in DISC1-L100P mutant mice assessed in the open field and prepulse inhibition (PPI) tests. Biochemical studies detected a 2.1-fold increase in the proportion of striatal D receptors without significant changes in DA release in vivo in the striatum of DISC1-L100P mutants in response to the low dose of amphetamine. The D(2) receptor antagonist haloperidol reversed the hyperactivity, PPI and latent inhibition (LI) deficits and blocked the psychostimulant effect of amphetamine in DISC1-L100P mutants. Taken together, our findings show the role of DISC1 in D(2) -related pathophysiological mechanism of schizophrenia, linking DISC1 with well-established DA hypothesis of schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T V Lipina
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kojima T, Kitano H, Niwa M, Saito K, Matsushita Y, Fukushima K. Imaging analysis of cosmetic ingredients interacted with human hair using TOF-SIMS. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.3635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
26
|
Uga M, Niwa M, Ochiai N, Sasaki SI. Activity patterns of the diaphragm during voluntary movements in awake cats. J Physiol Sci 2010; 60:173-80. [PMID: 20087707 PMCID: PMC10717415 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-009-0081-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2009] [Accepted: 12/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The diaphragm is an important inspiratory muscle, and is also known to participate in the postural function. However, the activity of the diaphragm during voluntary movements has not been fully investigated in awake animals. In order to investigate the diaphragmatic activity during voluntary movements such as extending or rotating their body, we analyzed the electromyogram (EMG) of the diaphragm and trunk muscles in the cat using a technique for simultaneous recordings of EMG signals and video images. Periodic respiratory discharges occurred in the left and right costal diaphragm when the cat kept still. However, once the cat moved, their periodicity and/or synchrony were sometimes buried by non-respiratory activity. Such non-periodic diaphragmatic activities during voluntary movements are considered as the combination of respiratory activity and non-respiratory activity. Most of the diaphragmatic activities started shortly after the initiation of standing-up movements and occurred after the onset of trunk muscle activities. Those activities were more active compared to the normal respiratory activity. During rotation movements, left and right diaphragmatic activities showed asymmetrical discharge patterns and higher discharges than those during the resting situation. This asymmetrical activity may be caused by taking different lengths of each side of the diaphragm and trunk muscles. During reaching movements, the diaphragmatic activity occurred prior to or with the onset of trunk muscle activities. It is likely that diaphragmatic activities during reaching movements and standing-up movements may have been controlled by some different control mechanisms of the central nervous system. This study will suggest that the diaphragmatic activity is regulated not only by the respiratory center but also by inputs from the center for voluntary movements and/or sensory reflex pathways under the awake condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minako Uga
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Uga M, Niwa M, Ochiai N, Sasaki SI. The Diaphragmatic Activities During Trunk Movements. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 2010; 669:253-6. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-5692-7_51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
28
|
Imai T, Niwa M, Hasegawa T, Kawamura H, Umemura T, Kimura M, Nakano T, Haraguchi H. No. 4�Vol. 42, No. 4, pp. 305-312, 2008�The Reaction of Oxidative Hair Dyes in Cuticle Layers. Int J Cosmet Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2494.2009.00518_3.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
29
|
Lu P, Mamiya T, Lu LL, Mouri A, Niwa M, Hiramatsu M, Zou LB, Nagai T, Ikejima T, Nabeshima T. Silibinin attenuates amyloid beta(25-35) peptide-induced memory impairments: implication of inducible nitric-oxide synthase and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2009; 331:319-26. [PMID: 19638571 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.109.155069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease (AD), the deposition of amyloid peptides is invariably associated with oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Silibinin (silybin), a flavonoid derived from the herb milk thistle, has potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. However, it remains unclear whether silibinin improves amyloid beta (Abeta) peptide-induced neurotoxicity. In this study, we examined the effect of silibinin on the fear-conditioning memory deficits, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress induced by the intracerebroventricular injection of Abeta peptide(25-35) (Abeta(25-35)) in mice. Mice were treated with silibinin (2, 20, and 200 mg/kg p.o., once a day for 8 days) from the day of the Abeta(25-35) injection (day 0). Memory function was evaluated in cued and contextual fear-conditioning tests (day 6). Nitrotyrosine levels in the hippocampus and amygdala were examined (day 8). The mRNA expression of inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the hippocampus and amygdala was measured 2 h after the Abeta(25-35) injection. We found that silibinin significantly attenuated memory deficits caused by Abeta(25-35) in the cued and contextual fear-conditioning test. Silibinin significantly inhibited the increase in nitrotyrosine levels in the hippocampus and amygdala induced by Abeta(25-35). Nitrotyrosine levels in these regions were negatively correlated with memory performance. Moreover, real-time RT-PCR revealed that silibinin inhibited the overexpression of iNOS and TNF-alpha mRNA in the hippocampus and amygdala induced by Abeta(25-35). These findings suggest that silibinin (i) attenuates memory impairment through amelioration of oxidative stress and inflammatory response induced by Abeta(25-35) and (ii) may be a potential candidate for an AD medication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Lu
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Muramatsu K, Niwa M, Sato K, Sasaki SI. Properties of Renshaw cells excited by recurrent collaterals of pudendal motoneurons in the cat. Neurosci Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2009.09.869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
31
|
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Ishihara
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Niwa
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yuji Kosugi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Cen X, Nitta A, Ibi D, Zhao Y, Niwa M, Taguchi K, Hamada M, Ito Y, Ito Y, Wang L, Nabeshima T. Identification of Piccolo as a regulator of behavioral plasticity and dopamine transporter internalization. Mol Psychiatry 2008; 13:349, 451-63. [PMID: 18195717 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4002132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine transporter (DAT) internalization is a mechanism underlying the decreased dopamine reuptake caused by addictive drugs like methamphetamine (METH). We found that Piccolo, a presynaptic scaffolding protein, was overexpressed in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of the mice repeatedly administrated with METH. Piccolo downexpression by antisense technique augmented METH-induced behavioral sensitization, conditioned reward and synaptic dopamine accumulation in NAc. Expression of Piccolo C2A domain attenuated METH-induced inhibition of dopamine uptake in PC12 cells expressing human DAT. Consistent with this, it slowed down the accelerated DAT internalization induced by METH, thus maintaining the presentation of plasmalemmal DAT. In immunostaining and structural modeling Piccolo C2A domain displays an unusual feature of sequestering membrane phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, which may underlie its role in modulating DAT internalization. Together, our results indicate that Piccolo upregulation induced by METH represents a homeostatic response in the NAc to excessive dopaminergic transmission. Piccolo C2A domain may act as a cytoskeletal regulator for plasmalemmal DAT internalization, which may underlie its contributions in behavioral plasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Cen
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
|
34
|
Okada N, Sasaki A, Niwa M, Okada Y, Hatanaka Y, Tani Y, Mizuguchi H, Nakagawa S, Fujita T, Yamamoto A. Tumor suppressive efficacy through augmentation of tumor-infiltrating immune cells by intratumoral injection of chemokine-expressing adenoviral vector. Cancer Gene Ther 2007; 13:393-405. [PMID: 16224496 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cgt.7700903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Our goal in the present study was to evaluate antitumor effects and frequency of tumor-infiltrating immune cells upon intratumoral injection of RGD fiber-mutant adenoviral vector (AdRGD) encoding the chemokines CCL17, CCL19, CCL20, CCL21, CCL22, CCL27, XCL1, and CX3CL1. Among eight kinds of chemokine-expressing AdRGDs, AdRGD-CCL19 injection most efficiently induced infiltration of T cells into established B16BL6 tumor parenchyma, whereas most of these T cells were perforin-negative in immunohistochemical analysis. Additionally, the growth of AdRGD-CCL19-injected tumors decreased only slightly as well as that of other tumors treated with each chemokine-expressing AdRGD, which indicated that accumulation of naive T cells in tumor tissue does not effectively damage the tumor cells. Tumor-bearing mice, in which B16BL6-specific T cells were elicited by dendritic cell-based immunization, demonstrated that intratumoral injection of AdRGD-CCL17, -CCL22, or -CCL27 could considerably suppress tumor growth and attract activated T cells. On the other hand, AdRGD-CCL19-injection in the immunized mice showed slight increase of tumor-infiltrating T cells compared to treatment using control vector. Collectively, although AdRGD-mediated chemokine gene transduction into established tumors would be very useful for augmentation of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, a combinational treatment that can systemically induce tumor-specific effector T cells is necessary for satisfactory antitumor efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Okada
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Uga M, Niwa M, Ochiai N, Sasaki SI. Activity patterns of diaphragm during voluntary movements in awake cats. Neurosci Res 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2007.06.1455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
36
|
Abstract
A new isoflavone, corylinin (1), along with six known compounds, isopsoralen (2), psoralen (3), sophoracoumestan A (4), neobavaisoflavone (5), daidzin (6) and uracil (7), have been isolated from the dried fruits of Psoralea corylifolia L. The structure of 1 was established as 7,4'-dihydroxy-3'-[(E)-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl]isoflavone on the basis of the spectroscopic methods. Structures of the known compounds were identified by comparison of the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Ruan
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sato Y, Sato T, Niwa M, Aoki H. Precipitation of octacalcium phosphates on artificial enamel in artificial saliva. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2006; 17:1173-7. [PMID: 17122933 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-006-0545-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2004] [Accepted: 07/11/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The natural saliva samples were collected from 30 Japanese men and women aged between 20 and 30, and the inorganic components in the saliva were analyzed chemically. Artificial saliva (AS) was prepared based on the chemical analysis using chemical reagents. The calcium/phosphate molar ratio of the AS was 0.28 with pH=7.0. Artificial enamel (AE) was prepared by sintering hydroxyapatite powder at 1,200 degrees C. The AE was placed in the AS at 37 degrees C. XRD, SEM and EDX investigated precipitation on the AE. The precipitation was always identified as being OCP. As decrease in the pH of the surface of the AE and increase in the concentration of phosphate ions were observed by chemical analysis, it was concluded that the OCP occurs by the pH decrease and phosphate ion concentration increase on the surface of AE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Sato
- School of Dentistry at Tokyo, Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University, Japan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Shiga A, Katada N, Niwa M. A theoretical study on Brønsted acidity of WO3 clusters supported on metal oxide supports by “paired interacting orbitals” (PIO) analysis. Catal Today 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2005.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
39
|
|
40
|
Sakurai-Yamashita Y, Sakaguchi S, Yoshikawa D, Okimura N, Masuda Y, Katamine S, Niwa M. Female-specific neuroprotection against transient brain ischemia observed in mice devoid of prion protein is abolished by ectopic expression of prion protein-like protein. Neuroscience 2005; 136:281-7. [PMID: 16198494 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.06.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2005] [Revised: 05/22/2005] [Accepted: 06/30/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to examine the function of cellular prion protein and prion protein-like protein/Doppel, in transient ischemia-related neuronal death in the hippocampus. Two different lines of mice devoid of cellular prion protein, Zrch I Prnp(0/0) and Ngsk Prnp(0/0), were used. The former lacks cellular prion protein whereas the latter ectopically expresses prion protein-like protein/Doppel in the brain in the absence of cellular prion protein. Mice were subjected to 10 min-occlusion of the bilateral common carotid arteries with recovery for 14 days. Less than 10% of the pyramidal neurons in the CA1 subfield were degenerated in male and female wild-type mice. In contrast, more than half of the neurons were lost in male Zrch I Prnp(0/0) and Ngsk Prnp(0/0) mice. Such severe neuronal loss was also observed in female Ngsk Prnp(0/0) mice. However, female Zrch I Prnp(0/0) mice showed mild neuronal loss similar to wild-type mice. Flunarizine, a T- and L-type Ca(2+)-channel antagonist, significantly reduced the neuronal loss in female but not in male Ngsk Prnp(0/0) mice. These results indicate that loss of cellular prion protein renders hippocampal neurons susceptible to ischemic insult specifically in male but not female mice and the ectopic expression of prion protein-like protein/Doppel aggravates the ischemic neuronal death in female prion protein-null mice probably via overloading of Ca(2+)-dependent signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Sakurai-Yamashita
- Department of Pharmacology 1, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Kito S, Satsuma A, Ishikura T, Niwa M, Murakami Y, Hattori T. Application of neural network to estimation of catalyst deactivation in methanol conversion. Catal Today 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2004.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
42
|
Tokuda H, Niwa M, Ishisaki A, Nakajima K, Ito H, Kato K, Kozawa O. Involvement of stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK)/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in prostaglandin F2alpha-induced heat shock protein 27 in osteoblasts. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2004; 70:441-7. [PMID: 15062846 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2003.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2003] [Accepted: 09/18/2003] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have reported that prostaglandin F2(alpha) (PGF2(alpha)) activates p44/p42 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase in osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells, and that p44/p42 MAP kinase plays a role in the PGF2(alpha)-induced heat shock protein 27 (HSP27). In the present study, we investigated the involvement of stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK)/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), a member of the MAP kinase superfamily, in PGF2(alpha)-induced HSP27 in MC3T3-E1 cells. PGF2(alpha) time dependently induced the phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK. SP600125, a specific inhibitor of SAPK/JNK, markedly reduced the PGF2(alpha)-stimulated HSP27 accumulation. The inhibitory effect of SP600125 was dose dependent in the range between 0.1 and 30 microM. SP600125 reduced the PGF2(alpha)-increased level of HSP27 mRNA. SP600125 suppressed the phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK induced by PGF2(alpha), but did not affect the PGF2(alpha)-induced phosphorylation of p44/p42 MAP kinase. On the other hand, PD98059, a specific inhibitor of the upstream kinase of p44/p42 MAP kinase, which reduced the phosphorylation of p44/p42 MAP kinase stimulated by PGF2(alpha), had little effect on the PGF2(alpha)-induced phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK. These results strongly suggest that SAPK/JNK plays a part in PGF2(alpha)-induced HSP27 in addition to p44/p42 MAP kinase in osteoblasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Tokuda
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University School of Medicine, Gifu 500-8705, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Niwa M, Chimoto S, Iwamoto Y, Yoshida K. Vertical eye movement-related type II neurons with downward on-directions in the vestibular nucleus in alert cats. Exp Brain Res 2004; 155:401-12. [PMID: 14722700 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-003-1750-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2002] [Accepted: 10/01/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The vestibular nuclei and the interstitial nucleus of Cajal (INC) have been regarded as key elements of the velocity-to-position integrator for vertical eye movements. This paper reports a class of type II vestibular neurons that receives input from the INC and carries vertical eye movement signals that appear to represent an intermediate stage of the integration process. Extracellular recordings were made from neurons in and near the vestibular nuclei in alert cats. We encountered 39 neurons that exhibited an intense burst of spikes for downward saccades and a position-related tonic activity during intersaccadic intervals (d-type II neurons). They had a very high saccadic sensitivity (4.3+/-2.7 spikes/deg, mean +/- SD) as well as a high position sensitivity (3.2+/-1.6 (spikes/sec)/deg). Unlike the bursts of motoneurons, the bursts of these neurons declined gradually with an exponential-like time course and lasted well beyond the end of saccades. The mean time constant of the burst decay was 139+/-43 ms. The d-type II neurons were excited with disynaptic or trisynaptic latencies following stimulation of the contralateral vestibular nerve. The responses to vertical head rotations suggested inputs from the contralateral posterior canal. The d-type II neurons were excited with short latencies following stimulation of the ipsilateral INC, suggesting that they receive a direct excitatory input from vertical eye movement-related INC neurons with downward on-directions. The d-type II neurons were located in the rostral portion of the vestibular nuclei and the underlying reticular formation. These results suggest that d-type II neurons may be interposed between the burst-tonic neurons in the INC and pure tonic neurons in the vestibular nuclei and contribute to the oculomotor velocity-to-position integration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Niwa
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 305-8575 Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Katada N, Akazawa S, Niwa M. Improvement of Selectivity in Specific Adsorption by the Addition of Acetic Acid during the CVD of Silicon Alkoxide to Form a Silica Overlayer with a Molecular Sieving Property. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/cvde.200306278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
45
|
Khalil IA, Futaki S, Niwa M, Baba Y, Kaji N, Kamiya H, Harashima H. Mechanism of improved gene transfer by the N-terminal stearylation of octaarginine: enhanced cellular association by hydrophobic core formation. Gene Ther 2004; 11:636-44. [PMID: 14973542 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The internalization mechanisms associated with octaarginine and stearyl-octaarginine were investigated using confocal laser microscopy and flow cytometric analysis. Octaarginine is able to translocate through cell membranes in a manner that does not exactly involve the classical endocytic pathways of internalization. However, when a stearyl moiety is attached to the N-terminus of octaarginine, the internalization shifts mainly to an endocytosis-dependent pathway. The transfection efficiency of stearyl-octaarginine was significantly higher than that of octaarginin. To understand the mechanism of the improved gene transfer by the N-terminal stearylation of octaarginine, the gene transfer processes mediated by octaarginine or stearyl-octaarginine were compared. Both octaarginine and stearyl-octaarginine are able to carry plasmid DNA into cells. The amount of plasmid DNA internalized as well as that delivered to the nucleus was higher in the case of stearyl-octaarginine. Even though the internalization mechanisms of octaarginine and stearyl-octaarginine were different, their complexes with plasmid DNA were internalized via the same pathway, presumably, the clathrin-mediated pathway of endocytosis. The results of the atomic force microscopy revealed that stearyl-octaarginine, but not octaarginine, can completely condense the DNA into stable complexes that can be highly adsorbed to the cell surface and subsequently highly internalized. Therefore, using stearylated-octaarginine provided higher internalization of plasmid DNA into cells, due to enhanced cellular association, as well as higher nuclear delivery. The results presented in this study provide a better understanding of the mechanisms of improved transfection using stearylated-octaarginine. The concept of using stearylated peptides may aid in the development of more efficient nonviral gene vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I A Khalil
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
|
47
|
Tokuda H, Niwa M, Ito H, Oiso Y, Kato K, Kozawa O. Involvement of stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase in endothelin-1-induced heat shock protein 27 in osteoblasts. Eur J Endocrinol 2003; 149:239-45. [PMID: 12943527 DOI: 10.1530/eje.0.1490239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We have reported that endothelin-1 (ET-1) activates p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase through protein kinase C in osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells, and that p38 MAP kinase plays a role in the ET-1-induced heat shock protein 27 (HSP27). Recently, we found that stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK) is activated by ET-1 in these cells. In the present study, we have investigated the involvement of SAPK/JNK in ET-1-induced HSP27 in MC3T3-E1 cells. METHODS The concentration of HSP27 in soluble extracts of the cells, the expression of mRNA for HSP27, and the phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK were determined by an enzyme immunoassay, Northern blot analysis, and Western blot analysis respectively. RESULTS SP600125, a specific inhibitor of SAPK/JNK, markedly reduced ET-1-stimulated HSP27 accumulation. The inhibitory effect of SP600125 was dose dependent in the range between 1 and 50 microM. SP600125 reduced the ET-1-increased level of HSP27 mRNA. Calphostin C and Go 6976, inhibitors of protein kinase C, reduced the ET-1-induced phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK. 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, a direct activator of protein kinase C, induced SAPK/JNK phosphorylation, which was suppressed by SP600125. A combination of SP600125 and p38 MAP kinase inhibitor such as SB203580 and PD169316 additively reduced the ET-1-stimulated accumulation of HSP27. CONCLUSIONS These results strongly suggest that JNK plays a part in ET-1-induced HSP27 in addition to p38 MAP kinase in osteoblasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Tokuda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chubu National Hospital, National Institute for Longevity Sciences, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Onozuka M, Fujita M, Watanabe K, Hirano Y, Niwa M, Nishiyama K, Saito S. Age-related changes in brain regional activity during chewing: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. J Dent Res 2003; 82:657-60. [PMID: 12885854 DOI: 10.1177/154405910308200817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related changes in mastication-induced brain neuronal activity have been suggested. However, in humans, little is known about the anatomical regions involved. Using fMRI during cycles of rhythmic gum-chewing and no chewing, we have examined the effect of aging on brain regional activity during chewing in young adult (19-26 yrs), middle-aged (42-55 yrs), and aged (65-73 yrs) healthy humans. In all subjects, chewing resulted in a bilateral increase in the BOLD signals in the sensorimotor cortex, cerebellum, thalamus, supplementary motor area, and insula, and a unilateral increase in the right prefrontal area. In the first three regions, the signal increases were attenuated in an age-dependent manner, whereas, in the right prefrontal area, the converse was seen. The remaining two regions showed no significant differences with ages. These results indicate that chewing causes regional increases in neuronal activity in the brain, some of which are age-dependent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Onozuka
- Department of Anatomy and Basic Neuroscience, Gifu University School of Medicine, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Nagayama Y, Nakao K, Mizuguchi H, Hayakawa T, Niwa M. Enhanced antitumor effect of combined replicative adenovirus and nonreplicative adenovirus expressing interleukin-12 in an immunocompetent mouse model. Gene Ther 2003; 10:1400-3. [PMID: 12883537 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
For cancer gene therapy, replicative adenovirus is a promising vector to overcome low infectivity and poor gene delivery of nonreplicative adenovirus in vivo, but its therapeutic efficacy is still unsatisfactory because of the limited spread of replicative virus in a solid tumor. Therefore, the combined therapy with other antitumor agents may be necessary. Nonreplicative adenovirus expressing a therapeutic gene may be a promising candidate because E1 proteins expressed by replicative adenovirus would render nonreplicative adenovirus replicative, augmenting a transgene expression. In this study, we first found that mouse hepatoma Hepa 1-6 cells were permissive for the replication and cytopathic effect of human adenovirus, which enabled us to examine the potential of combined replicative adenovirus and nonreplicative adenovirus expressing an immunostimulator in an immunocompetent mouse-syngeneic Hepa 1-6 tumor model. Nonreplicative adenovirus expressing interleukin-12 (AdIL-12) was used as a model. In vitro coinfection of two adenoviruses produced higher concentrations of IL-12 than infection of AdIL-12 alone in this cell line. In vivo experiments with Hepa 1-6 tumors in syngeneic immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice showed higher concentrations of serum IL-12 and greater therapeutic efficacy in the combination therapy than infection of either adenovirus. These data indicate that the combination of replicative adenovirus and nonreplicative adenovirus expressing an immunostimulator appears to be very efficacious for cancer gene therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Nagayama
- Department of Pharmacology 1, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Nagasaki, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Ali A, Kaur G, Hamid H, Abdullah T, Ali M, Niwa M, Alam MS. Terminoside A, a new triterpene glycoside from the bark of Terminalia arjuna inhibits nitric oxide production in murine macrophages. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2003; 5:137-142. [PMID: 12765198 DOI: 10.1080/1028602031000066834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Terminoside A (1), a new oleanane-type triterpene was isolated from the acetone fraction of the ethanolic extract of stem bark of Terminalia arjuna. The structure was established as olean-1alpha,3beta,22beta-triol-12-en-28-oic acid-3beta-D-glucopyranoside. On the basis of spectral data and chemical reactions, terminoside A, potently inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production and decreased inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) levels in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asif Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hamdard University, New Delhi 110 062, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|