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Sita A, Birlem GE, de Souza da Silva D, Possamai GM, Petry K, de Almeida PR, Mallmann L, Stein JF, Demoliner M, Gularte JS, Hansen AW, Witt AA, Rigotto C, Fleck JD, Spilki FR, da Rocha DT, Weber MN. Evaluation of Mastadenovirus and Rotavirus Presence in Phyllostomid, Vespertilionid, and Molossid Bats Captured in Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil. Food Environ Virol 2024:10.1007/s12560-023-09575-y. [PMID: 38532064 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-023-09575-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Bat-borne viruses may affect public health and the global economy. These mammals have a wide geographical distribution and unique biological, physiological, and immunogenic characteristics, allowing the dissemination of many known and unknown viruses. Enteric viruses, such as adeno (AdV) and rotaviruses, are recognized as the main causative agents of disease and outbreaks. In the present study, the presence of viruses from Adenoviridae and Reoviridae families was evaluated in molossid, phyllostomid, and vespertilionid bats captured in Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil, between September 2021 and July 2022. Sixty bat rectal swabs were analyzed by PCR. Eight (13.3%) samples were positive for adenovirus and classified as human mastadenovirus C (HAdV-C) (three samples) and HAdV-E (five samples) by sequencing followed by phylogenetic analysis. All samples were negative in rotavirus specific RT-PCR. This is the first study to describe the presence of HAdV in samples of Glossophaga soricina, Eptesicus brasiliensis, and Histiotus velatus. Furthermore, the presence of HAdV-E in bats was reported, which is unusual and may suggest that other HAdV genotypes, in addition to HAdV-C, may also be harbored by wild animals. The data generated in the present study reinforces the importance of eco-surveillance of viral agents related to diseases in humans and wild animals. In addition, it is essential to identify possible new hosts or reservoirs that increase the risk of spillover and dissemination of infectious pathogens, helping to prevent and control zoonotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Sita
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Espíndola Birlem
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Deivid de Souza da Silva
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Mattos Possamai
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Karla Petry
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Paula Rodrigues de Almeida
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
- Hospital Veterinário, Universidade Feevale, Campo Bom, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Larissa Mallmann
- Hospital Veterinário, Universidade Feevale, Campo Bom, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Janaína Franciele Stein
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Meriane Demoliner
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliana Schons Gularte
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alana Witt Hansen
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - André Alberto Witt
- Secretaria da Agricultura, Pecuária, Produção Sustentável e Irrigação Do Rio Grande Do Sul (SEAPI-RS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Caroline Rigotto
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernando Rosado Spilki
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
- Hospital Veterinário, Universidade Feevale, Campo Bom, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Daniela Tonini da Rocha
- Centro de Diagnóstico E Pesquisa Em Patologia Aviária (CDPA), Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil.
- Hospital Veterinário, Universidade Feevale, Campo Bom, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil.
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Weber MN, da Silva MS. Corona- and Paramyxoviruses in Bats from Brazil: A Matter of Concern? Animals (Basel) 2023; 14:88. [PMID: 38200819 PMCID: PMC10778288 DOI: 10.3390/ani14010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Chiroptera are one of the most diverse mammal orders. They are considered reservoirs of main human pathogens, where coronaviruses (CoVs) and paramyxoviruses (PMVs) may be highlighted. Moreover, the growing number of publications on CoVs and PMVs in wildlife reinforces the scientific community's interest in eco-vigilance, especially because of the emergence of important human pathogens such as the SARS-CoV-2 and Nipha viruses. Considering that Brazil presents continental dimensions, is biologically rich containing one of the most diverse continental biotas and presents a rich biodiversity of animals classified in the order Chiroptera, the mapping of CoV and PMV genetics related to human pathogens is important and the aim of the present work. CoVs can be classified into four genera: Alphacoronavirus, Betacoronavirus, Deltacoronavirus and Gammacoronavirus. Delta- and gammacoronaviruses infect mainly birds, while alpha- and betacoronaviruses contain important animal and human pathogens. Almost 60% of alpha- and betacoronaviruses are related to bats, which are considered natural hosts of these viral genera members. The studies on CoV presence in bats from Brazil have mainly assayed phyllostomid, molossid and vespertilionid bats in the South, Southeast and North territories. Despite Brazil not hosting rhinophilid or pteropodid bats, which are natural reservoirs of SARS-related CoVs and henipaviruses, respectively, CoVs and PMVs reported in Brazilian bats are genetically closely related to some human pathogens. Most works performed with Brazilian bats reported alpha-CoVs that were closely related to other bat-CoVs, despite a few reports of beta-CoVs grouped in the Merbecovirus and Embecovirus subgenera. The family Paramyxoviridae includes four subfamilies (Avulavirinae, Metaparamyxovirinae, Orthoparamyxovirinae and Rubulavirinae), and bats are significant drivers of PMV cross-species viral transmission. Additionally, the studies that have evaluated PMV presence in Brazilian bats have mainly found sequences classified in the Jeilongvirus and Morbillivirus genera that belong to the Orthoparamyxovirinae subfamily. Despite the increasing amount of research on Brazilian bats, studies analyzing these samples are still scarce. When surveying the representativeness of the CoVs and PMVs found and the available genomic sequences, it can be perceived that there may be gaps in the knowledge. The continuous monitoring of viral sequences that are closely related to human pathogens may be helpful in mapping and predicting future hotspots in the emergence of zoonotic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Nunes Weber
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade FEEVALE, Novo Hamburgo 93525-075, RS, Brazil;
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de Almeida PR, Weber MN, Sonne L, Spilki FR. Aedes-borne orthoflavivirus infections in neotropical primates - Ecology, susceptibility, and pathogenesis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:2030-2038. [PMID: 38230520 PMCID: PMC10800122 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231220659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Arboviral diseases comprise a group of important infectious diseases imposing a heavy burden to public health in many locations of the world. Orthoflaviviruses are viruses belonging to the genus Orthoflavivirus; this genus includes some of the most relevant arboviruses to human health. Orthoflaviviruses can infect several different hosts, with some species being transmitted in cycles involving birds and anthropophilic mosquitoes and others transmitted between mammals and mostly Aedes sp. mosquitoes. Some of the most important sylvatic reservoirs of orthoflaviviruses are non-human primates (NHPs). Many flaviviruses that infect NHPs in nature have the potential to cause epidemics in humans, as has been observed in the cases of Orthoflavivirus denguei (dengue virus - DENV), Orthoflavivirus flavi (yellow fever virus - YFV), and Orthoflavivirus zikaense (Zika virus - ZIKV). In this minireview, we discuss important aspects regarding history, ecology involving NHP, distribution, disease outcome, and pathogenesis of these three major orthoflaviviruses that affect humans and NHP and relate this information to the potential of using NHP as experimental models. In addition, we suggest some orthoflaviviruses that could be better investigated, both in nature and in experimental studies, in light of the recent revolution in molecular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Rodrigues de Almeida
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Health Sciences, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Health Sciences, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Luciana Sonne
- Veterinary Pathology Sector, Veterinary Clinical Pathology Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Fernando Rosado Spilki
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Health Sciences, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93352-000, Brazil
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Nunes CC, Sita A, Mallmann L, Birlem GE, de Mattos LG, Da Silva DH, Furlanetto KO, Hansen AW, De Almeida PR, Fleck JD, Spilki FR, de Matos Almeida SE, Weber MN. HIV-1 genetic diversity and transmitted drug resistance to integrase strand transfer inhibitors among recently diagnosed adults in Porto Alegre, South Brazil. J Antimicrob Chemother 2022; 77:3510-3514. [PMID: 36272141 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkac355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The HIV-1 genetic diversity and the presence of transmitted drug resistance mutations (TDRMs) against integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) were assessed sequencing samples of antiretroviral (ARV)-naive HIV-1-infected individuals from South Brazil. METHODS Viral RNA from 42 ART-naive individuals was submitted to complete HIV-1 integrase gene amplification by RT-PCR and sequencing. RESULTS Viral strains carrying TDRMs against INSTIs were not detected in the present study. However, the polymorphisms L74M and L74I were each observed in 4.8% of the individuals. These accessory mutations have been reported as putative causes of TDRMs in ART with raltegravir, but only when associated with additional major mutations. When submitted to HIV-1 subtyping, 50% were classified as subtype C, 21% as recombinant BC, 19% as subtype B, 4.8% as subtype F1 and 4.8% as recombinant CF1. CONCLUSIONS All 42 ARV-naive individuals were apparently susceptible to INSTIs, included in the Brazilian therapeutic guideline since 2009. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate TDRMs against INSTIs in Brazil. The most prevalent HIV-1 subtypes were subtype C, followed by the recombinant BC and subtype B, which is in agreement with previous studies. However, the presence of subtype F1 and recombinant CF1 reported herein was not observed in previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynara Carvalho Nunes
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil.,Serviço de Atendimento Especializado (SAE) Santa Marta, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Sita
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Larissa Mallmann
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Espindola Birlem
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Larissa Gomes de Mattos
- Serviço de Atendimento Especializado (SAE) Santa Marta, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Daila Haemk Da Silva
- Serviço de Atendimento Especializado (SAE) Santa Marta, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Karen Oliveira Furlanetto
- Serviço de Atendimento Especializado (SAE) Santa Marta, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alana Witt Hansen
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Paula Rodrigues De Almeida
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernando Rosado Spilki
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
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Bauermann FV, Wernike K, Weber MN, Silveira S. Editorial: Pestivirus: Epidemiology, evolution, biology and clinical features. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1025314. [PMID: 36330153 PMCID: PMC9623283 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1025314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Viçosa Bauermann
- Veterinary Virology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
- *Correspondence: Fernando Viçosa Bauermann
| | - Kerstin Wernike
- National Reference Laboratory for Bovine Viral Diarrhea/Mucosal Disease and Schmallenberg Virus, Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
- Kerstin Wernike
| | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Laboratório de Microbiologia, Hospital Veterinário, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
- Matheus Nunes Weber
| | - Simone Silveira
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina (UNOESC), Xanxerê, Brazil
- Simone Silveira
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Alves RS, do Canto Olegário J, Weber MN, da Silva MS, Canova R, Sauthier JT, Baumbach LF, Witt AA, Varela APM, Mayer FQ, da Fontoura Budaszewski R, Canal CW. Detection of coronavirus in vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus) in southern Brazil. Transbound Emerg Dis 2022; 69. [PMID: 33977671 PMCID: PMC8242716 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14150+10.1111/tbed.14150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
The vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus) is a haematophagous animal that feeds exclusively on the blood of domestic mammals. Vampire bat feeding habits enable their contact with mammalian hosts and may enhance zoonotic spillover. Moreover, they may carry several pathogenic organisms, including coronaviruses (CoVs), for which they are important hosts. The human pathogens that cause severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV) and possibly coronavirus disease 2019 (SARS-CoV-2) all originated in bats but required bridge hosts to spread into human populations. To monitor the presence of potential zoonotic viruses in bats, the present work evaluated the presence of CoVs in vampire bats from southern Brazil. A total of 101 vampire bats were captured and euthanized between 2017 and 2019 in Rio Grande do Sul state, southern Brazil. The brain, heart, liver, lungs, kidneys and intestines were collected and macerated individually. The samples were pooled and submitted to high-throughput sequencing (HTS) using the Illumina MiSeq platform and subsequently individually screened using a pancoronavirus RT-PCR protocol. We detected CoV-related sequences in HTS, but only two (2/101; 1.98%) animals had CoV detected in the intestines by RT-PCR. Partial sequences of RdRp and spike genes were obtained in the same sample and the RdRp region in the other sample. The sequences were classified as belonging to Alphacoronavirus. The sequences were closely related to alphacoronaviruses detected in vampire bats from Peru. The continuous monitoring of bat CoVs may help to map and predict putative future zoonotic agents with great impacts on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Silva Alves
- Laboratório de VirologiaFaculdade de VeterináriaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)Porto AlegreBrazil
| | - Juliana do Canto Olegário
- Laboratório de VirologiaFaculdade de VeterináriaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)Porto AlegreBrazil
| | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Laboratório de Microbiologia MolecularInstituto de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade FeevaleNovo HamburgoBrazil
| | - Mariana Soares da Silva
- Laboratório de VirologiaFaculdade de VeterináriaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)Porto AlegreBrazil
| | - Raissa Canova
- Laboratório de VirologiaFaculdade de VeterináriaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)Porto AlegreBrazil
| | - Jéssica Tatiane Sauthier
- Laboratório de VirologiaFaculdade de VeterináriaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)Porto AlegreBrazil
| | - Letícia Ferreira Baumbach
- Laboratório de VirologiaFaculdade de VeterináriaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)Porto AlegreBrazil
| | - André Alberto Witt
- Laboratório de VirologiaFaculdade de VeterináriaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)Porto AlegreBrazil
- Secretaria Estadual de AgriculturaPecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural (SEAPDR)Rio Grande do Sul Rio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - Ana Paula Muterle Varela
- Centro de Pesquisa em Saúde AnimalInstituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF)Departamento de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa Agropecuária (DDPA)Secretaria da AgriculturaPecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural (SEAPDR)Rio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - Fabiana Quoos Mayer
- Centro de Pesquisa em Saúde AnimalInstituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF)Departamento de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa Agropecuária (DDPA)Secretaria da AgriculturaPecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural (SEAPDR)Rio Grande do SulBrazil
| | | | - Cláudio Wageck Canal
- Laboratório de VirologiaFaculdade de VeterináriaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)Porto AlegreBrazil
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Gularte JS, da Silva MS, Filippi M, Demoliner M, Schallenberger K, Hansen AW, de Abreu Góes Pereira VM, Heldt FH, Girardi V, Weber MN, de Almeida PR, Abbadi BL, Dornelles M, Bizarro CV, Machado P, Basso LA, Dellagostin OA, Fleck JD, Spilki FR. Viral isolation allows characterization of early samples of SARS-CoV-2 lineage B1.1.33 with unique mutations (S: H655Y and T63N) circulating in Southern Brazil in 2020. Braz J Microbiol 2022; 53:1313-1319. [PMID: 35778549 PMCID: PMC9428868 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00789-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Different approaches are in use to improve our knowledge about the causative agent of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Cell culture-based methods are the better way to perform viral isolation, evaluate viral infectivity, and amplify the virus. Furthermore, next-generation sequencing (NGS) have been essential to analyze a complete genome and to describe new viral species and lineages that have arisen over time. Four naso-oropharyngeal swab samples, collected from April to July of 2020, were isolated and sequenced aiming to produce viral stocks and analyze the mutational profile of the found lineage. B.1.1.33 was the lineage detected in all sequences. Although the samples belong to the same lineage, it was possible to evaluate different mutations found including some that were first described in these sequences, like the S:H655Y and T63N. The results described here can help to elicit how the pandemic started to spread and how it has been evolving in south Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Schons Gularte
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, nº 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525-075, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Soares da Silva
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, nº 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Micheli Filippi
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, nº 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Meriane Demoliner
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, nº 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Karoline Schallenberger
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, nº 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Alana Witt Hansen
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, nº 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | | | - Fágner Henrique Heldt
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, nº 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Viviane Girardi
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, nº 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, nº 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Paula Rodrigues de Almeida
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, nº 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Bruno Lopes Abbadi
- Centro de Pesquisas Em Biologia Molecular E Funcional (CPBMF), Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90619900, Brazil
| | - Maiele Dornelles
- Centro de Pesquisas Em Biologia Molecular E Funcional (CPBMF), Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90619900, Brazil
| | - Cristiano Valim Bizarro
- Centro de Pesquisas Em Biologia Molecular E Funcional (CPBMF), Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90619900, Brazil
| | - Pablo Machado
- Centro de Pesquisas Em Biologia Molecular E Funcional (CPBMF), Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90619900, Brazil
| | - Luiz Augusto Basso
- Centro de Pesquisas Em Biologia Molecular E Funcional (CPBMF), Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90619900, Brazil
| | - Odir Antonio Dellagostin
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, nº 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Fernando Rosado Spilki
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, nº 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
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Alves RS, do Canto Olegário J, Weber MN, da Silva MS, Canova R, Sauthier JT, Baumbach LF, Witt AA, Varela APM, Mayer FQ, da Fontoura Budaszewski R, Canal CW. Detection of coronavirus in vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus) in southern Brazil. Transbound Emerg Dis 2022; 69. [PMID: 33977671 PMCID: PMC8242716 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14150 10.1111/tbed.14150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus) is a haematophagous animal that feeds exclusively on the blood of domestic mammals. Vampire bat feeding habits enable their contact with mammalian hosts and may enhance zoonotic spillover. Moreover, they may carry several pathogenic organisms, including coronaviruses (CoVs), for which they are important hosts. The human pathogens that cause severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV) and possibly coronavirus disease 2019 (SARS-CoV-2) all originated in bats but required bridge hosts to spread into human populations. To monitor the presence of potential zoonotic viruses in bats, the present work evaluated the presence of CoVs in vampire bats from southern Brazil. A total of 101 vampire bats were captured and euthanized between 2017 and 2019 in Rio Grande do Sul state, southern Brazil. The brain, heart, liver, lungs, kidneys and intestines were collected and macerated individually. The samples were pooled and submitted to high-throughput sequencing (HTS) using the Illumina MiSeq platform and subsequently individually screened using a pancoronavirus RT-PCR protocol. We detected CoV-related sequences in HTS, but only two (2/101; 1.98%) animals had CoV detected in the intestines by RT-PCR. Partial sequences of RdRp and spike genes were obtained in the same sample and the RdRp region in the other sample. The sequences were classified as belonging to Alphacoronavirus. The sequences were closely related to alphacoronaviruses detected in vampire bats from Peru. The continuous monitoring of bat CoVs may help to map and predict putative future zoonotic agents with great impacts on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Silva Alves
- Laboratório de VirologiaFaculdade de VeterináriaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)Porto AlegreBrazil
| | - Juliana do Canto Olegário
- Laboratório de VirologiaFaculdade de VeterináriaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)Porto AlegreBrazil
| | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Laboratório de Microbiologia MolecularInstituto de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade FeevaleNovo HamburgoBrazil
| | - Mariana Soares da Silva
- Laboratório de VirologiaFaculdade de VeterináriaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)Porto AlegreBrazil
| | - Raissa Canova
- Laboratório de VirologiaFaculdade de VeterináriaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)Porto AlegreBrazil
| | - Jéssica Tatiane Sauthier
- Laboratório de VirologiaFaculdade de VeterináriaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)Porto AlegreBrazil
| | - Letícia Ferreira Baumbach
- Laboratório de VirologiaFaculdade de VeterináriaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)Porto AlegreBrazil
| | - André Alberto Witt
- Laboratório de VirologiaFaculdade de VeterináriaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)Porto AlegreBrazil,Secretaria Estadual de AgriculturaPecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural (SEAPDR)Rio Grande do Sul Rio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - Ana Paula Muterle Varela
- Centro de Pesquisa em Saúde AnimalInstituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF)Departamento de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa Agropecuária (DDPA)Secretaria da AgriculturaPecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural (SEAPDR)Rio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - Fabiana Quoos Mayer
- Centro de Pesquisa em Saúde AnimalInstituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF)Departamento de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa Agropecuária (DDPA)Secretaria da AgriculturaPecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural (SEAPDR)Rio Grande do SulBrazil
| | | | - Cláudio Wageck Canal
- Laboratório de VirologiaFaculdade de VeterináriaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)Porto AlegreBrazil
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9
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Witt AA, Alves RS, do Canto Olegário J, de Camargo LJ, Weber MN, da Silva MS, Canova R, Mosena ACS, Cibulski SP, Varela APM, Mayer FQ, Canal CW, da Fontoura Budaszewski R. The virome of the white-winged vampire bat Diaemus youngi is rich in circular DNA viruses. Virus Genes 2022; 58:214-226. [PMID: 35366197 PMCID: PMC8976263 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-022-01897-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In the Neotropical region, the white-winged vampire bat (Diaemus youngi) is the rarest of the three species of vampire bats. This bat species feeds preferentially on bird blood, and there is limited information on the viruses infecting D. youngi. Hence, this study aimed to expand the knowledge about the viral diversity associated with D. youngi by sampling and pooling the lungs, liver, kidneys, heart, and intestines of all animals using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) on the Illumina MiSeq platform. A total of three complete and 10 nearly complete circular virus genomes were closely related to gemykrogvirus (Genomoviridae family), smacovirus (Smacoviridae family), and torque teno viruses (TTVs) (Anelloviridae family). In addition, three sequences of bat paramyxovirus were detected and found to be closely related to viruses reported in Pomona roundleaf bats and rodents. The present study provides a snapshot of the viral diversity associated with white-winged vampire bats and provides a baseline for comparison to viruses detected in future outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Alberto Witt
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Secretaria Estadual de Agricultura, Pecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural (SEAPDR), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Raquel Silva Alves
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliana do Canto Olegário
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Laura Junqueira de Camargo
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mariana Soares da Silva
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Raíssa Canova
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Sbaraini Mosena
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Samuel Paulo Cibulski
- Centro de Biotecnologia (Cbiotec), Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Muterle Varela
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Secretaria da Agricultura, Pecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural (SEAPDR), Eldorado Do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Quoos Mayer
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Secretaria da Agricultura, Pecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural (SEAPDR), Eldorado Do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Wageck Canal
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Renata da Fontoura Budaszewski
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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10
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Demoliner M, da Silva MS, Gularte JS, Hansen AW, de Almeida PR, Weber MN, Heldt FH, Silveira F, Filippi M, de Abreu Góes Pereira VM, da Silva FP, Mallmann L, Fink P, de Moura Valim AR, Possuelo LG, Fleck JD, Spilki FR. Predominance of SARS-CoV-2 P.1 (Gamma) lineage inducing the recent COVID-19 wave in southern Brazil and the finding of an additional S: D614A mutation. Infect Genet Evol 2021; 96:105134. [PMID: 34763050 PMCID: PMC8575543 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.105134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the highest wave of SARS-CoV-2 epidemic occurred since the beginning of the pandemic in Brazil was registered in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) State, Southern Brazil, considering the number of cases, deaths and hospitalization per day caused by COVID-19. In this study we described which lineages were circulating in the first quarter of 2021 in Southern Brazil to better understand the viral factors involved in the health crisis caused by SARS-CoV-2 in the region, searching also for possible additional SARS-CoV-2 sequence mutations. A total of 70 positive SARS-CoV-2 samples collected between January 28th, 2021 until April 23rd, 2021, were selected to sequencing. Whole genome sequencing of 70 SARS-CoV-2 samples showed a predominance of Gamma lineage (67%, 47/70), followed by P.2 lineage (27%, 19/70) and B.1.1.28 (6%, 4/70). Two Gamma lineage consensus sequences presented a new S:D614A mutation. Newly mutations could be emerging due the quick SARS-CoV-2 spreading. Thus, the greater understanding about immune protection and variants vigilance is essential to the better management of the health SARS-CoV-2 crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriane Demoliner
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Soares da Silva
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliana Schons Gularte
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alana Witt Hansen
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fágner Henrique Heldt
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Flávio Silveira
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Micheli Filippi
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Francini Pereira da Silva
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Larissa Mallmann
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Pietra Fink
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernando Rosado Spilki
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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11
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Gularte JS, da Silva MS, Demoliner M, Hansen AW, Heldt FH, Silveira F, Filippi M, Pereira VMDAG, da Silva FP, Mallmann L, Fink P, Laux JL, Weber MN, de Almeida PR, Fleck JD, Spilki FR. Reinfection cases by closely related SARS-CoV-2 lineages in Southern Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:1881-1885. [PMID: 34562232 PMCID: PMC8475897 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00621-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the pandemic that started in late 2019 and still affects people's lives all over the world. Lack of protective immunity after primary infection has been involved with reported reinfection cases by SARS-CoV-2. In this study, we described two cases of reinfection caused by non-VOC (Variants of Concern) strains in southern Brazil, being one patient a healthcare worker. The four samples previously positive for SARS-CoV-2 by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were sequenced by a high-performance platform and the genomic analysis confirmed that lineages responsible for infections were B.1.91 and B.1.1.33 (patient 1), and B.1.1.33 and B.1.1.28 (patient 2). The interval between the two positive RT-qPCR for patients 1 and 2 was 45 and 61 days, respectively. This data shows that patients may be reinfected even by very closely related SARS-CoV-2 lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Schons Gularte
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Soares da Silva
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Meriane Demoliner
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Alana Witt Hansen
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Fágner Henrique Heldt
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Flávio Silveira
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Micheli Filippi
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Vyctoria Malayhka de Abreu Góes Pereira
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Francini Pereira da Silva
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Larissa Mallmann
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Pietra Fink
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Luísa Laux
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Paula Rodrigues de Almeida
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Fernando Rosado Spilki
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
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12
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Sauthier JT, Daudt C, da Silva FRC, Alves CDBT, Mayer FQ, Bianchi RM, Driemeier D, Streit RSA, Staats CC, Canal CW, Weber MN. The genetic diversity of "papillomavirome" in bovine teat papilloma lesions. Anim Microbiome 2021; 3:51. [PMID: 34321106 PMCID: PMC8317299 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-021-00114-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Papillomaviruses are small nonenveloped, circular double-stranded DNA viruses that belong to the Papillomaviridae family. To date, 29 Bos taurus papillomavirus (BPV) types have been described. Studies involving mixed BPV infections have rarely been reported in contrast to human papillomavirus (HPV), which is commonly described in numerous studies showing coinfections. Moreover, previous studies had shown that HPV coinfections increase the risk of carcinogenesis. In the present study, we used rolling-circle amplification followed by a high-throughput sequencing (RCA-HTS) approach in 23 teat papillomas from southern Brazil.
Results Eleven well-characterized BPV types and 14 putative new BPV types were genetically characterized into the Xi, Epsilon and Dyoxipapillomavirus genera according to phylogenetic analysis of the L1 gene, which expands the previous 29 BPV types to 43. Moreover, BPV coinfections were detected in the majority (56.3%) of the papilloma lesions analyzed, suggesting a genetic diverse “papillomavirome” in bovine teat warts. Conclusions The data generated in this study support the possibility that a wide range of BPV is probably underdetected by conventional molecular detection tools, and that BPV coinfections are underestimated and probably genetic diverse. Additionally, 14 new BPV types were characterized, increasing the knowledge regarding BPV genetic diversity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s42523-021-00114-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Tatiane Sauthier
- Laboratório de Virologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cíntia Daudt
- Laboratório de Virologia Geral eParasitologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, AC, Brazil
| | - Flavio Roberto Chaves da Silva
- Laboratório de Virologia Geral eParasitologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, AC, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiana Quoos Mayer
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor, Fundação Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Eldorado do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Michel Bianchi
- Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - David Driemeier
- Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Charley Christian Staats
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Wageck Canal
- Laboratório de Virologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil.
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13
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da Silva MS, Demoliner M, Hansen AW, Gularte JS, Silveira F, Heldt FH, Filippi M, Pereira VMDAG, da Silva FP, Mallmann L, Fink P, da Silva LL, Weber MN, de Almeida PR, Fleck JD, Spilki FR. Early detection of SARS-CoV-2 P.1 variant in Southern Brazil and reinfection of the same patient by P.2. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2021; 63:e58. [PMID: 34231823 PMCID: PMC8266303 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946202163058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple variants of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 virus (SARS-CoV-2) have been constantly reported across the world. The B.1.1.28 lineage has been evolving in Brazil since February 2020 and originated the P.1 variant of concern (VOC), recently named as the Gamma variant by the newly WHO nomenclature proposal, and P.2 as a variant of interest (VOI). Here we describe an early case of P.1 primary infection in Southern Brazil in late November 2020, soon after the emergence of the variant in Manaus, Northern Brazil. The same male patient was reinfected by another B.1.1.28 variant, namely P.2, in March, 2021. The genomic analysis confirmed genetically significant differences between the two viruses recovered in both infections, the P.1 lineage in the first episode and P.2 in the reinfection. Due the very early detection of P.1, we have also investigated the circulation of P.1 in the same region by differential RT-qPCR, showing that this was an isolated case of P.1 at the time of detection, and this variant has disseminated and became prominent from late January to the end of March, 2021. SARS-CoV-2 recent reports of reinfection have raised critical questions on whether and how well a first infection protects against reinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Soares da Silva
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Meriane Demoliner
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alana Witt Hansen
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliana Schons Gularte
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Flávio Silveira
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fágner Henrique Heldt
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Micheli Filippi
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Francini Pereira da Silva
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Larissa Mallmann
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Pietra Fink
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernando Rosado Spilki
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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14
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Franceschi VB, Caldana GD, de Menezes Mayer A, Cybis GB, Neves CAM, Ferrareze PAG, Demoliner M, de Almeida PR, Gularte JS, Hansen AW, Weber MN, Fleck JD, Zimerman RA, Kmetzsch L, Spilki FR, Thompson CE. Genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Esteio, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:371. [PMID: 34016042 PMCID: PMC8136996 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07708-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brazil is the third country most affected by Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), but viral evolution in municipality resolution is still poorly understood in Brazil and it is crucial to understand the epidemiology of viral spread. We aimed to track molecular evolution and spread of Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Esteio (Southern Brazil) using phylogenetics and phylodynamics inferences from 21 new genomes in global and regional context. Importantly, the case fatality rate (CFR) in Esteio (3.26%) is slightly higher compared to the Rio Grande do Sul (RS) state (2.56%) and the entire Brazil (2.74%). RESULTS We provided a comprehensive view of mutations from a representative sampling from May to October 2020, highlighting two frequent mutations in spike glycoprotein (D614G and V1176F), an emergent mutation (E484K) in spike Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) characteristic of the B.1.351 and P.1 lineages, and the adjacent replacement of 2 amino acids in Nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (R203K and G204R). E484K was found in two genomes from mid-October, which is the earliest description of this mutation in Southern Brazil. Lineages containing this substitution must be subject of intense surveillance due to its association with immune evasion. We also found two epidemiologically-related clusters, including one from patients of the same neighborhood. Phylogenetics and phylodynamics analysis demonstrates multiple introductions of the Brazilian most prevalent lineages (B.1.1.33 and B.1.1.248) and the establishment of Brazilian lineages ignited from the Southeast to other Brazilian regions. CONCLUSIONS Our data show the value of correlating clinical, epidemiological and genomic information for the understanding of viral evolution and its spatial distribution over time. This is of paramount importance to better inform policy making strategies to fight COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Bonetti Franceschi
- Center of Biotechnology, Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology (PPGBCM), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Dickin Caldana
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Amanda de Menezes Mayer
- Center of Biotechnology, Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology (PPGBCM), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Bettella Cybis
- Department of Statistics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carla Andretta Moreira Neves
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Aline Gröhs Ferrareze
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Meriane Demoliner
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alana Witt Hansen
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Lívia Kmetzsch
- Center of Biotechnology, Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology (PPGBCM), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Claudia Elizabeth Thompson
- Center of Biotechnology, Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology (PPGBCM), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. .,Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. .,Department of Pharmacosciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), 245/200C Sarmento Leite St, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil.
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15
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Alves RS, do Canto Olegário J, Weber MN, da Silva MS, Canova R, Sauthier JT, Baumbach LF, Witt AA, Varela APM, Mayer FQ, da Fontoura Budaszewski R, Canal CW. Detection of coronavirus in vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus) in southern Brazil. Transbound Emerg Dis 2021; 69:2384-2389. [PMID: 33977671 PMCID: PMC8242716 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus) is a haematophagous animal that feeds exclusively on the blood of domestic mammals. Vampire bat feeding habits enable their contact with mammalian hosts and may enhance zoonotic spillover. Moreover, they may carry several pathogenic organisms, including coronaviruses (CoVs), for which they are important hosts. The human pathogens that cause severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS‐CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS‐CoV) and possibly coronavirus disease 2019 (SARS‐CoV‐2) all originated in bats but required bridge hosts to spread into human populations. To monitor the presence of potential zoonotic viruses in bats, the present work evaluated the presence of CoVs in vampire bats from southern Brazil. A total of 101 vampire bats were captured and euthanized between 2017 and 2019 in Rio Grande do Sul state, southern Brazil. The brain, heart, liver, lungs, kidneys and intestines were collected and macerated individually. The samples were pooled and submitted to high‐throughput sequencing (HTS) using the Illumina MiSeq platform and subsequently individually screened using a pancoronavirus RT‐PCR protocol. We detected CoV‐related sequences in HTS, but only two (2/101; 1.98%) animals had CoV detected in the intestines by RT‐PCR. Partial sequences of RdRp and spike genes were obtained in the same sample and the RdRp region in the other sample. The sequences were classified as belonging to Alphacoronavirus. The sequences were closely related to alphacoronaviruses detected in vampire bats from Peru. The continuous monitoring of bat CoVs may help to map and predict putative future zoonotic agents with great impacts on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Silva Alves
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Juliana do Canto Olegário
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Soares da Silva
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Raissa Canova
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Tatiane Sauthier
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Letícia Ferreira Baumbach
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - André Alberto Witt
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Secretaria Estadual de Agricultura, Pecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural (SEAPDR), Rio Grande do Sul Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Muterle Varela
- Centro de Pesquisa em Saúde Animal, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Departamento de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa Agropecuária (DDPA), Secretaria da Agricultura, Pecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural (SEAPDR), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Quoos Mayer
- Centro de Pesquisa em Saúde Animal, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Departamento de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa Agropecuária (DDPA), Secretaria da Agricultura, Pecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural (SEAPDR), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Renata da Fontoura Budaszewski
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Wageck Canal
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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16
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Canova R, Budaszewski RF, Weber MN, da Silva MS, Puhl DE, Battisti LO, Soares JF, Wagner PG, Varela APM, Mayer FQ, Canal CW. Spleen and lung virome analysis of South American fur seals (Arctocephalus australis) collected on the southern Brazilian coast. Infect Genet Evol 2021; 92:104862. [PMID: 33848685 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
South American fur seals (Arctocephalus australis) are believed to reach the coast of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) through sea currents. They live in colonies and are frequently found resting on the beach. However, it is also common to find dead pinnipeds on beaches, sharing the environment with humans, domestic animals and other wild species on the coast and facilitating the transmission of pathogens. In the present study, a metagenomic approach was applied to evaluate the viral diversity in organs of fur seals found deceased along the coast of the state of RS, southern Brazil. The lungs and spleens of 29 animals were collected, macerated individually, pooled separately (one pool for lungs and another for spleens) and sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Sequences more closely related to members of the Anelloviridae and Circoviridae families were detected. Nine putative new species of anellovirus and one putative new genus, named Nitorquevirus, were described. Additionally, the circovirus sequences found in the lungs of A. australis have a common ancestor with PCV3, a proposed swine pathogen. Our study expanded the knowledge about viral communities in pinnipeds and could be useful for monitoring new viruses and potential viral sharing among wildlife, domestic animals, and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Canova
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - R F Budaszewski
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - M N Weber
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - M S da Silva
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - D E Puhl
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - L O Battisti
- Laboratório Protozoologia e Riquettsioses Vetoriais, Faculdade de Veterinária, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - J F Soares
- Laboratório Protozoologia e Riquettsioses Vetoriais, Faculdade de Veterinária, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - P G Wagner
- Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis (IBAMA), Brazil
| | - A P M Varela
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Secretaria da Agricultura, Pecuária e Irrigação do Rio Grande do Sul (SEAPI-RS), Eldorado do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - F Q Mayer
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Secretaria da Agricultura, Pecuária e Irrigação do Rio Grande do Sul (SEAPI-RS), Eldorado do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - C W Canal
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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17
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Mallmann L, Hermann BS, Schallenberger K, Demoliner M, Eisen AKA, Heldt FH, Gularte JS, Hansen AW, de Almeida PR, Weber MN, Spilki FR, Fleck JD. Proteinase K treatment in absence of RNA isolation classical procedures is a quick and cheaper alternative for SARS-CoV-2 molecular detection. J Virol Methods 2021; 293:114131. [PMID: 33798606 PMCID: PMC8008826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2021.114131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared a pandemic of COVID-19, the disease caused by the recently described SARS-CoV-2. The relevance and importance of mass diagnosis in order to find the asymptomatic individuals is widely recognized as a mandatory tool to reinforce the control measures for monitoring virus circulation and reduce the spreading of SARS-CoV-2. Here, we described quickness and cheaper strategies of direct RT-qPCR (in the absence of RNA isolation) and compared the results to those obtained using standard RNA isolation procedure. The tests varied using pure, diluted samples, combined with Proteinase K (PK) or Lysis Buffer. Our findings showed consistently that PK pre-treated samples in the absence of RNA extraction procedures presents similar results to those obtained by standard RNA isolation procedures. On average, 16 samples extracted with the MagMAX™ CORE Kit, take around 2 h, costing an average of USD 5, the pre-treatment of samples using PK, on the other hand, would cut the value to less than USD 0.30 and reduce the time of procedure in more than 1 ½ hours. The present study suggests the use of PK treatment instead of RNA isolation in order to reduce costs and time in processing samples for molecular diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Mallmann
- Laboratório De Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - B S Hermann
- Laboratório De Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - K Schallenberger
- Laboratório De Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - M Demoliner
- Laboratório De Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - A K A Eisen
- Laboratório De Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - F H Heldt
- Laboratório De Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - J S Gularte
- Laboratório De Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - A W Hansen
- Laboratório De Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - P R de Almeida
- Laboratório De Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - M N Weber
- Laboratório De Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - F R Spilki
- Laboratório De Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - J D Fleck
- Laboratório De Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil.
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18
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Demoliner M, Gularte JS, Girardi V, de Almeida PR, Weber MN, Eisen AKA, Fleck JD, Spilki FR. SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: A perspective from environmental virology. Genet Mol Biol 2021; 44:e20200228. [PMID: 33710254 PMCID: PMC7961391 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
December 2019 marked the beginning of the current Coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19). Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was identified as the causative agent of a viral pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The alarming spread levels and clinical severity elevated the status of COVID-19 to the global pandemic by the World Health Organization. In 6 months, more than 25 million cases of infected people and more than 890,000 deaths by COVID-19 had been reported worldwide. The main goal of this review is to shed light upon the current COVID-19 epidemic situation in Brazil with a health approach highlighting some unique environmental, animal and epidemiological aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriane Demoliner
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Feevale, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Qualidade Ambiental, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Schons Gularte
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Feevale, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Qualidade Ambiental, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Viviane Girardi
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Paula Rodrigues de Almeida
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Feevale, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Qualidade Ambiental, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Feevale, Mestrado Acadêmico em Virologia, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Karolina Antunes Eisen
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Feevale, Mestrado Acadêmico em Virologia, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Feevale, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Qualidade Ambiental, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Feevale, Mestrado Acadêmico em Virologia, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernando Rosado Spilki
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Feevale, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Qualidade Ambiental, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Feevale, Mestrado Acadêmico em Virologia, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
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19
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Francisco RDS, Benites LF, Lamarca AP, de Almeida LGP, Hansen AW, Gularte JS, Demoliner M, Gerber AL, de C Guimarães AP, Antunes AKE, Heldt FH, Mallmann L, Hermann B, Ziulkoski AL, Goes V, Schallenberger K, Fillipi M, Pereira F, Weber MN, de Almeida PR, Fleck JD, Vasconcelos ATR, Spilki FR. Pervasive transmission of E484K and emergence of VUI-NP13L with evidence of SARS-CoV-2 co-infection events by two different lineages in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Virus Res 2021; 296:198345. [PMID: 33631222 PMCID: PMC7898980 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2021.198345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Emergence of novel SARS-CoV-2 lineages are under the spotlight of the media, scientific community and governments. Recent reports of novel variants in the United Kingdom, South Africa and Brazil (B.1.1.28-E484K) have raised intense interest because of a possible higher transmission rate or resistance to the novel vaccines. Nevertheless, the spread of B.1.1.28 (E484K) and other variants in Brazil is still unknown. In this work, we investigated the population structure and genomic complexity of SARS-CoV-2 in Rio Grande do Sul, the southernmost state in Brazil. Most samples sequenced belonged to the B.1.1.28 (E484K) lineage, demonstrating its widespread dispersion. We were the first to identify two independent events of co-infection caused by the occurrence of B.1.1.28 (E484K) with either B.1.1.248 or B.1.91 lineages. Also, clustering analysis revealed the occurrence of a novel cluster of samples circulating in the state (named VUI-NP13L) characterized by 12 lineage-defining mutations. In light of the evidence for E484K dispersion, co-infection and emergence of VUI-NP13 L in Rio Grande do Sul, we reaffirm the importance of establishing strict and effective social distancing measures to counter the spread of potentially more hazardous SARS-CoV-2 strains.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - L Felipe Benites
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular,Universidade Feevale, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alessandra P Lamarca
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, Petrópolis, Brazil
| | - Luiz G P de Almeida
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, Petrópolis, Brazil
| | - Alana Witt Hansen
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular,Universidade Feevale, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Meriane Demoliner
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular,Universidade Feevale, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alexandra L Gerber
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, Petrópolis, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula de C Guimarães
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, Petrópolis, Brazil
| | | | - Fagner Henrique Heldt
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular,Universidade Feevale, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Larissa Mallmann
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular,Universidade Feevale, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Bruna Hermann
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular,Universidade Feevale, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza Ziulkoski
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular,Universidade Feevale, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vyctoria Goes
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular,Universidade Feevale, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Micheli Fillipi
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular,Universidade Feevale, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Francini Pereira
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular,Universidade Feevale, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular,Universidade Feevale, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular,Universidade Feevale, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ana Tereza R Vasconcelos
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, Petrópolis, Brazil.
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20
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Silveira S, Cibulski SP, Junqueira DM, Mósena ACS, Weber MN, Mayer FQ, Canal CW. Phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis of HoBi-like pestivirus: Insights into origin and dispersal. Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 67:1909-1917. [PMID: 32073749 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The HoBi-like pestivirus (HoBiPeV), currently classified as Pestivirus H species, is a pathogen associated with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations in ruminants, particularly in cattle. Since HoBiPeV complete genome sequencing data is scarce, in the present study we described five nearly complete new Brazilian HoBiPeV genomes and further perform a more complete genetic and evolutionary characterization with all additional genome sequences available in the GenBank database. Entropy and selection pressure analysis showed the E2 gene, a surface glycoprotein, is the most variable gene, which also displays the greatest number of sites under positive selection. Phylogenetic and Bayesian inference based on complete genome and Npro gene, respectively, from all HoBiPeV sequences available so far, confirms the existence of three main clades (a, b, and c). The abovementioned analysis suggests that this pestivirus species probably emerged in Asia and spread to different regions including Brazil, where only strains belonging to specific genetic group 'a' have been found. The hypothesis of the HoBiPeV introduction in Brazil (between 1,890 and 1,962), formulated based on Bayesian inference, coincides with a period of intensive importation of water buffalo (Bubalus arnee) and indicine cattle (Bos taurus indicus) from Asia to Brazil, suggesting that this could be the origin of the current Brazilian HoBiPeV genetic group 'a'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Silveira
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina (UNOESC), Xanxerê, Brazil
| | - Samuel Paulo Cibulski
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Centro de Biotecnologia, CBiotec, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Cristina Sbaraini Mósena
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Quoos Mayer
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Eldorado do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Wageck Canal
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Varela APM, Loiko MR, Andrade JDS, Tochetto C, Cibulski SP, Lima DA, Weber MN, Roehe PM, Mayer FQ. Complete genome characterization of porcine circovirus 3 recovered from wild boars in Southern Brazil. Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 68:240-247. [PMID: 32530113 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the complete nucleotide sequence of porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3) recovered from wild boars lymph nodes is described. The full genome was named PCV3-wb/Br/RS and comprises 2,000 nucleotides with two open reading frames (ORFs) with a stem-loop motif in intergenic region. The ORFs are oriented in opposite directions and encode the putative capsid (Cap) and replicase (Rep) proteins. Based on amino acid motif analysis, PCV3-wb/Br/RS as well as most of the sequences from wild boars are classified as PCV3b. Phylogenetic analysis including 97 PCV3 sequences available in databases showed that the PCV3-wb/Br/RS genome is more closely related to genomes recovered in Spain, China, Germany and Denmark. Phylogenetic inferences among PCV3-wb/Br/RS and other circoviruses confirmed that these seem to have a most recent common ancestor with bat-associated circoviruses. In addition, PCV3 infection was investigated by real-time PCR in a cohort of 80 wild boars in Southern Brazil. A total of 29 animals (36.3%) were PCV3-positive leading the conclusion that PCV3 is circulating in the wild boar population in Southern Brazil. The role played by PCV3-like infections in wild boars and the risk these could pose to commercial swine production within that region remains to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Muterle Varela
- Laboratório de Virologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Márcia Regina Loiko
- Laboratório de Virologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Juliana da Silva Andrade
- Centro de Pesquisa em Saúde Animal, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor, Departamento de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa Agropecuária, Secretaria de Agricultura, Pecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural, Eldorado do Sul, Brazil
| | - Caroline Tochetto
- Laboratório de Virologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Samuel Paulo Cibulski
- Laboratório de Virologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Diane Alves Lima
- Laboratório de Virologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Laboratório de Virologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paulo Michel Roehe
- Laboratório de Virologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Quoos Mayer
- Centro de Pesquisa em Saúde Animal, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor, Departamento de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa Agropecuária, Secretaria de Agricultura, Pecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural, Eldorado do Sul, Brazil
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22
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Cibulski S, Weber MN, de Sales Lima FE, Lima DAD, Fernandes Dos Santos H, Teixeira TF, Varela APM, Tochetto C, Mayer FQ, Roehe PM. Viral metagenomics in Brazilian Pekin ducks identifies two gyrovirus, including a new species, and the potentially pathogenic duck circovirus. Virology 2020; 548:101-108. [PMID: 32838930 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2020.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Viral metagenomics coupled to high-throughput sequencing has provided a powerful tool for large-scale detection of known and unknown viruses associated to distinct hosts and environments. Using this approach, known and novel viruses have been characterized from sylvatic and commercial avian hosts, increasing our understanding of the viral diversity in these species. In the present work we applied an exploratory viral metagenomics on organs (spleen, liver and bursa of Fabricious) of Pekin ducks from Southern Brazil. The virome contained sequences related to a known duck pathogen (duck circovirus) and a number of other circular ssDNA viruses. Additionally, we detected avian gyrovirus 9 (to date detected only in human feces) and one new avian gyrovirus species, to which is proposed the name avian gyrovirus 13 (GyV13). This study is expected to contribute to the knowledge of the viral diversity in Pekin ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Cibulski
- Centro de Biotecnologia - CBiotec, Laboratório de Biotecnologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.
| | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Francisco Esmaile de Sales Lima
- Departamento de Microbiologia Imunologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Virologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Diane Alves de Lima
- Departamento de Microbiologia Imunologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Virologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Helton Fernandes Dos Santos
- Departamento de Microbiologia Imunologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Virologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Thais Fumaco Teixeira
- Departamento de Microbiologia Imunologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Virologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Muterle Varela
- Departamento de Microbiologia Imunologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Virologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Caroline Tochetto
- Departamento de Microbiologia Imunologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Virologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Quoos Mayer
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Eldorado do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Paulo Michel Roehe
- Departamento de Microbiologia Imunologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Virologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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23
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Da Silva MS, Budaszewski RF, Weber MN, Cibulski SP, Paim WP, Mósena ACS, Canova R, Varela APM, Mayer FQ, Pereira CW, Canal CW. Liver virome of healthy pigs reveals diverse small ssDNA viral genomes. Infect Genet Evol 2020; 81:104203. [PMID: 32035977 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Brazil is a major exporter of pork meat worldwide. Swine liver is a common ingredient in food consumed by humans, thus emphasizing the importance of evaluating the presence of associated pathogens in swine liver. To obtain knowledge, this study aimed to provide insights into the viral communities of livers collected from slaughtered pigs from southern Brazil. The 46 livers were processed and submitted for high-throughput sequencing (HTS). The sequences were most closely related to Anelloviridae, Circoviridae and Parvoviridae families. The present work also describes the first Brazilian PCV1 and the first PPV6 and PPV7 from South America. Virus frequencies revelead 63% of samples positive for TTSuV1, 71% for TTSuVk2, 10.8% for PCV, 13% for PPV and 6% for PBov. This report addresses the diversity of the liver virome of healthy pigs and expands the number of viruses detected, further characterizing their genomes to assist future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Da Silva
- Laboratório de Virologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - R F Budaszewski
- Laboratório de Virologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - M N Weber
- Laboratório de Virologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - S P Cibulski
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - W P Paim
- Laboratório de Virologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - A C S Mósena
- Laboratório de Virologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - R Canova
- Laboratório de Virologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - A P M Varela
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Fundação Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Eldorado do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - F Q Mayer
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Fundação Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Eldorado do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - C W Pereira
- Secretaria de Agricultura, Pecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - C W Canal
- Laboratório de Virologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Da Silva MS, Weber MN, Baumbach LF, Cibulski SP, Budaszewski RF, Mósena ACS, Canova R, Varela APM, Mayer FQ, Canal CW. Highly divergent cattle hepacivirus N in Southern Brazil. Arch Virol 2019; 164:3133-3136. [PMID: 31563979 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-019-04419-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The genus Hepacivirus includes 14 species (Hepacivirus A-N). In this study, we determined a partial genome sequence of a highly divergent bovine hepacivirus (hepacivirus N, HNV) isolate from cattle in Southern Brazil. Previously described HNV isolates have shared 80-99.7% nucleotide sequence identity in the NS3 coding region. However, the sequence determined in this study had 72.6% to 73.8% nucleotide sequence identity to known HNV NS3 sequences. This high divergence could be seen in a phylogenetic tree, suggesting that it represents a new genotype of HNV. These data expand our knowledge concerning the genetic variability and evolution of hepaciviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Da Silva
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária (FAVET), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - M N Weber
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária (FAVET), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - L F Baumbach
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária (FAVET), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - S P Cibulski
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - R F Budaszewski
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária (FAVET), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - A C S Mósena
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária (FAVET), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - R Canova
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária (FAVET), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - A P M Varela
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular-Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Fundação Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Eldorado do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - F Q Mayer
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular-Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Fundação Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Eldorado do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cláudio W Canal
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária (FAVET), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Paim WP, Weber MN, Cibulski SP, da Silva MS, Puhl DE, Budaszewski RF, Varela APM, Mayer FQ, Canal CW. Characterization of the viral genomes present in commercial batches of horse serum obtained by high-throughput sequencing. Biologicals 2019; 61:1-7. [PMID: 31447377 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2019.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Horses are often used as blood donors for commercial horse serum (HS) production and to manufacture biologicals. HS is an alternative for fetal bovine serum (FBS) used as a supplement for cell culture and vaccine production. Furthermore, HS is also frequently obtained in order to produce antisera toxins and pathogens. The advent of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) has promoted changes in virus detection, since previous knowledge of targets is not required. Thus, the present study aimed to describe the virome of five different batches of commercial HS from New Zealand (three batches) and Brazil and the United States (one batch each) using HTS. Each HS pool were processed and sequenced using an Illumina MiSeq platform. Sequences-related to viruses belonging to the Flaviviridae, Herpesviridae, and Parvoviridae families were detected. Particularly, equine hepacivirus (EqHV), equine pegivirus (EPgV), and Theiler's disease-associated virus (TDAV) were more frequent found in the batches analyzed. The presence of viral genomes in cell culture sera illustrates that these commercial sera can contain a mixture of different viruses and, therefore, can be regarded as potentially infectious for susceptible hosts. Moreover, the innocuity of commercial HS is important for the efficiency and security of diagnostics and the production of biological products.
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Affiliation(s)
- W P Paim
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil
| | - M N Weber
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil
| | - S P Cibulski
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Cellular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia-CBiotec, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - M S da Silva
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil
| | - D E Puhl
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil
| | - R F Budaszewski
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil
| | - A P M Varela
- Equipe de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - F Q Mayer
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Fundação Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuária (FEPAGRO), Eldorado Do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - C W Canal
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil.
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de Cecco BS, Lorenzett MP, Henker LC, Weber MN, Moséna ACS, Baumbach L, Canal CW, Driemeier D, Pavarini SP, Sonne L. Detection of enzootic nasal tumor virus (ENTV) in a sheep flock in southern Brazil. Trop Anim Health Prod 2019; 51:2095-2098. [PMID: 30997630 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-019-01897-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Enzootic nasal tumor (ENT) is a contagious neoplasm associated with enzootic nasal tumor virus (ENTV), which may induce disease in sheep (ENTV-1) and goats (ENTV-2). This study aimed to describe the occurrence of ENT in two Texel sheep (Ovis aries) from a 75-sheep flock, located in the city of Gravataí, southern Brazil. Animals used to be purchased from different origins, and no specific tests for disease monitoring or quarantine procedure were performed. Affected animals presented respiratory distress, anorexia with severe weight loss, and mucopurulent unilateral nasal discharge. Necropsy was performed in both animals and nasal cavity masses were observed. Histopathological analysis demonstrated an epithelial neoplasm compatible with nasal adenocarcinoma. PCR using a protocol that amplifies a 591 bp sequence of 5'LTR-gag region of ENTV1 was performed followed by DNA sequencing. Both samples were positive, and the sequences obtained presented highest identity (97%) with ENTV strain TN28 (GenBank accession number MH899613) detected in a Texel sheep from Scotland. This is the first report of ENTV-1 leading to enzootic nasal tumor in sheep in Latin America, which confirms the presence of the retrovirus in sheep flocks in the Brazilian territory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Santana de Cecco
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Marina Paula Lorenzett
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luan Cleber Henker
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Veterinary School, Virology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Letícia Baumbach
- Veterinary School, Virology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Wageck Canal
- Veterinary School, Virology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - David Driemeier
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Saulo Petinatti Pavarini
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luciana Sonne
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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da Silva MS, Silveira S, Caron VS, Mósena ACS, Weber MN, Cibulski SP, Medeiros AAR, Silva GS, Corbellini LG, Klein R, Kreutz LC, Frandoloso R, Canal CW. Backyard pigs are a reservoir of zoonotic hepatitis E virus in southern Brazil. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2019; 112:14-21. [PMID: 29554365 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/try017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the causative agent of acute hepatitis worldwide. There is no seroprevalence study in backyard farms, which are characterized by suboptimal hygienic conditions in Brazil. We aimed to determine the seroprevalence and genetic diversity of HEV in backyard pigs in Brazil. Methods Swine serum samples collected in 2012 (n=731) and 2014 (n=713) were analysed. The presence of anti-HEV immunoglobulin G in pig serum was evaluated by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed and phylogenetic analyses were carried out based on the partial ORF1 and ORF2 coding regions. Results Anti-HEV antibodies were detected in 77.6% (567/731; 95% confidence interval [CI] 74.5 to 90.6%) of serum samples in 2012 and 65.5% (467/713; 95% CI 62.0 to 69.0%) in 2014. The herd seroprevalence was 91.7% (187/204; 95% CI 91% to 99%) in 2012 and 83.7% (164/196; 95% CI 78% to 89%) in 2014. Further, HEV RNA was detected in 0.8% (6/713) of samples from 2014. Phylogenetic analysis showed three different genotype 3 subtypes with high similarity to human HEV strains. Conclusions This study showed that backyard pigs are a reservoir of HEV and alerts us to the need to control infection and spillover from backyard farms. GenBank accession numbers MF438128-MF438135.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S da Silva
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, CEP 91-540-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - S Silveira
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, CEP 91-540-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - V S Caron
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, CEP 91-540-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - A C S Mósena
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, CEP 91-540-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - M N Weber
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, CEP 91-540-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - S P Cibulski
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, CEP 91-540-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - A A R Medeiros
- Laboratório de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - G S Silva
- Laboratório de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - L G Corbellini
- Laboratório de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - R Klein
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia Avançada, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - L C Kreutz
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia Avançada, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - R Frandoloso
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia Avançada, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - C W Canal
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, CEP 91-540-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Dias RK, Cargnelutti JF, Weber MN, Canal CW, Bauermann FV, Ridpath JF, Weiblen R, Flores EF. Antigenic diversity of Brazilian isolates of HoBi-like pestiviruses. Vet Microbiol 2017; 203:221-228. [PMID: 28619148 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Hobi-like viruses comprise an unclassified group of bovine pestiviruses related to bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (BVDV-1) and 2 (BVDV-2). These viruses were originally identified in fetal bovine serum from Brazilian origin and, subsequently, isolated from diseased animals in several countries. Herein we performed an antigenic characterization of eight Brazilian HoBi-like viruses isolated from persistently infected (PI) animals and from gastroenteric disease (2007-2015). Phylogenetic analysis based on the 5' unstranslated region (UTR) clustered these viruses with other HoBi-like viruses from European and Asiatic origin. Monoclonal antibody (MAb) binding indicated variability in the Hobi-like virus glycoprotein E2 and significant differences from the homologous BVDV-1 and BVDV-2 glycoprotein. Analysis of antigenic relatedness based on virus-neutralizing titers using virus-specific antisera revealed that HoBi-like viruses are antigenically very different from BVDV-1 and, to a lesser extent, from BVDV-2. Cross-neutralizing assays between pairs of HoBi-like viruses and their respective antisera indicated the existence of antigenic variability among these viruses, even for viruses isolated from the same herd in different occasions. Moreover, the identification of a HoBi-like isolate with low antigenic similarity with the other isolates indicates the potential existence of antigenic subgroups among HoBi-like virus isolates. Finally, sera of lambs immunized with commercial BVDV vaccines showed low or undetectable neutralizing activity against HoBi-like isolates. These results indicate significant antigenic differences between BVDV genotypes and Brazilian HoBi-like viruses and the existence of antigenic variability within this atypical group of pestiviruses. These findings extend the knowledge about the antigenic diversity of HoBi-like viruses and reinforce the need for their inclusion in current BVDV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Dias
- Setor de Virologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Prédio 63A, Centro de Eventos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - J F Cargnelutti
- Setor de Virologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Prédio 63A, Centro de Eventos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - M N Weber
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - C W Canal
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - F V Bauermann
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, United States of America
| | - J F Ridpath
- Ruminant Diseases and Immunology Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA 50010, United States of America.
| | - R Weiblen
- Setor de Virologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Prédio 63A, Centro de Eventos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - E F Flores
- Setor de Virologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Prédio 63A, Centro de Eventos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
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da Fontoura Budaszewski R, Streck AF, Nunes Weber M, Maboni Siqueira F, Muniz Guedes RL, Wageck Canal C. Influence of vaccine strains on the evolution of canine distemper virus. Infect Genet Evol 2016; 41:262-269. [PMID: 27101783 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a major dog pathogen belonging to the genus Morbillivirus of the family Paramyxoviridae. CDV causes disease and high mortality in dogs and wild carnivores. Although homologous recombination has been demonstrated in many members of Paramyxoviridae, these events have rarely been reported for CDV. To detect potential recombination events, the complete CDV genomes available in GenBank up to June 2015 were screened using distinct algorithms to detect genetic conversions and incongruent phylogenies. Eight putative recombinant viruses derived from different CDV genotypes and different hosts were detected. The breakpoints of the recombinant strains were primarily located on fusion and hemagglutinin glycoproteins. These results suggest that homologous recombination is a frequent phenomenon in morbillivirus populations under natural replication, and CDV vaccine strains might play an important role in shaping the evolution of this virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata da Fontoura Budaszewski
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - André Felipe Streck
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Franciele Maboni Siqueira
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Lucas Muniz Guedes
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica (LNCC), Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Wageck Canal
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Weber MN, Bauermann FV, Bayles DO, Canal CW, Neill JD, Ridpath JF. Comparison of 'HoBi'-like viral populations among persistent infected calves generated under experimental conditions and to inoculum virus. Virology 2016; 492:225-31. [PMID: 26971244 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Like other members from the Pestivirus genus, 'HoBi'-like pestiviruses cause economic losses for cattle producers due to both acute and persistent infections. The present study analyzed for the first time PI animals derived from a controlled infection with two different 'HoBi'-like strains where the animals were maintained under conditions where superinfection by other pestiviruses could be excluded. The sequence of the region coding for viral glycoproteins E1/E2 of variants within the swarms of viruses present in the PI calves and two viral inoculums used to generate them were compared. Differences in genetic composition of the viral swarms were observed suggesting that host factors can play a role in genetic variations among PIs. Moreover, PIs generated with the same inoculum showed amino acid substitutions in similar sites of the polyprotein, even in serum from PIs with different quasispecies composition, reinforcing that some specific sites in E2 are important for host adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Weber
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - F V Bauermann
- Ruminant Diseases and Immunology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service (ARS), National Animal Disease Center (NADC), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Ames, IA, United States
| | - D O Bayles
- Ruminant Diseases and Immunology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service (ARS), National Animal Disease Center (NADC), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Ames, IA, United States
| | - C W Canal
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - J D Neill
- Ruminant Diseases and Immunology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service (ARS), National Animal Disease Center (NADC), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Ames, IA, United States
| | - J F Ridpath
- Ruminant Diseases and Immunology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service (ARS), National Animal Disease Center (NADC), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Ames, IA, United States.
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Weber MN, Pino EHM, Souza CK, Mósena ACS, Sato JPH, Barcellos DESND, Canal CW. First Evidence of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Infection in Wild Boars. ACTA SCI VET 2016. [DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.81167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: The farming of wild boars has growing due to the interest of the human consumption of this exotic meat. Such a development may pose an increased risk of disease transmission between boars and domestic animals. The wild boar population has increased in South America in the last years due the absence of predator causing economic losses due to direct damage to crops and risk of disease transmission. The genus Pestivirus within the family Flaviviridae are composed by four recognized species by the International Committee on the Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV): classical swine fever virus (CSFV), border disease virus (BDV), bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 (BVDV-1) and 2 (BVDV-2). Other putative species denoted as atypical pesitiviruses have been reported as ‘HoBi’-like virus, giraffe pestivirus, Bungowannah pestivirus, Pronghorn antelope virus, atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV), Norwegian rat pestivirus (NrPV) and Rhinolophus affinis bat pestivirus (RaPestV-1). CSFV is commonly detected in wild boars, but despite positive serology, bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) was never detected in this animal species. Thereby, the present communication describes the first detection of BVDV in the lungs of captive boars using RT-PCR and DNA sequencing.Materials, Methods & Results: Forty lung samples from farmed wild boars were collected after slaughter in a commercial abattoir. The organs were crushed separately, centrifuged, and the supernatant was stored for further analysis. The total RNA was isolated using a phenol-based protocol and RT-PCR protocol that amplified 118 bp of 5’ untranslated region (5’UTR) was carried out. One out 40 samples resulted positive. The positive sample had partial fragments of 5’UTR and N terminal autoprotease (Npro) sequenced and analyzed. The strain LV Java/2012 presented 99% of identity in 5’UTR and 98% in Npro region with a BVDV-2 previously reported in bovines in Southern Brazil. In both 5’UTR and Npro phylogenetic analysis, the strain LV Java/2015 clustered with BVDV-2 strains and was most closely related to subtype 2b identified in bovines in Southern Brazil grouping in the same terminal node.Discussion: Wild boars are commonly associated to pathogen transmission to domestic animals. This animal species is considered a reservoir of the pestivirus CSFV and important keys in CSFV control and eradication programs in Europe. Despite indirect presence of BVDV was reported in wild boars by serology tests, the direct detection of the viral agent was never reported. The present study showed the presence of BVDV-2 genomic segments obtained by RT-PCR followed by DNA sequencing in captive wild boars. The reported data suggests a possible importance of this animal species in the epidemiology of ruminant pestiviruses which could interfere in control and eradication programs of these important pathogens for cattle worldwide. The strain LV Java/2012 was closely related to BVDV-2b and presented highest identity with a strain detected in cattle from Southern Brazil. This data suggests that wild boars and bovines could be sharing this pathogen due the similarity of the strains and that both were reported in the same region. It can lead to need of inclusion of wild swines in BVDV control programs since boars can circulate between different regions and carry this pathogen to different cattle herds. The present study reported the first molecular evidence of BVDV in wild boars in the literature. The data generated herein suggests a possible importance of boars in the epidemiology of ruminant pestiviruses.
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Weber MN, Silveira S, Machado G, Groff FHS, Mósena ACS, Budaszewski RF, Dupont PM, Corbellini LG, Canal CW. High frequency of bovine viral diarrhea virus type 2 in Southern Brazil. Virus Res 2014; 191:117-24. [PMID: 25109547 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2014.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Ruminant pestiviruses can infect cattle populations worldwide and cause significant economic losses due to their impact on productivity and health. Knowledge of pestivirus diversity is important for control programs and vaccine development and for determining probable sources of infection. In this paper, we describe a search for ruminant pestiviruses with RT-PCR in sera of 9078 calves from 6 to 12 months of age. The calves were first analyzed in pools and then analyzed individually. Thirty-three RT-PCR positive animals were detected (0.36%) from 6.9% (24) of the 346 herds. The sequencing analysis of the 5' non-coding region and N terminal autoprotease showed the presence of BVDV-1a (15 isolates), -1b (3), -1d (1) and -2b (14), with a higher frequency (42.4%) of BVDV-2 in comparison with other countries. The presence of sheep was significantly associated with BVDV infection. Our results also suggested that a BVDV control program based only on the investigation of cattle would not be successful, especially in regions with farms harboring multiple animal species. This study may also serve as a reference for future control programs in Southern Brazil because it reports the prevalence of cattle with active infections and the genetic background of the circulating strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Weber
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, CEP 91-540-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - S Silveira
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, CEP 91-540-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - G Machado
- Laboratório de Epidemiologia Veterinária (Epilab), Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, CEP 91-540-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - F H S Groff
- Secretaria da Agricultura, Pecuária e Agronegócio do Rio Grande do Sul (SEAPA-RS), Av. Praia de Belas 1768, CEP 90-110-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - A C S Mósena
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, CEP 91-540-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - R F Budaszewski
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, CEP 91-540-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - P M Dupont
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, CEP 91-540-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - L G Corbellini
- Laboratório de Epidemiologia Veterinária (Epilab), Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, CEP 91-540-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - C W Canal
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, CEP 91-540-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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