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Ludovici M, Kozul N, Materazzi S, Risoluti R, Picardo M, Camera E. Influence of the sebaceous gland density on the stratum corneum lipidome. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11500. [PMID: 30065281 PMCID: PMC6068117 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29742-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin surface lipids (SSL) result from the blending of sebaceous and epidermal lipids, which derive from the sebaceous gland (SG) secretion and the permeability barrier of the stratum corneum (SC), respectively. In humans, the composition of the SSL is distinctive of the anatomical distribution of the SG. Thus, the abundance of sebum biomarkers is consistent with the density of the SG. Limited evidence on the influence that the SG exerts on the SC lipidome is available. We explored the differential amounts of sebaceous and epidermal lipids in areas at different SG density with lipidomics approaches. SC was sampled with adhesive patches from forearm, chest, and forehead of 10 healthy adults (8F, 2M) after mechanical removal of sebum with absorbing paper. Lipid extracts of SC were analysed by HPLC/(-)ESI-TOF-MS. In the untargeted approach, the naïve molecular features extraction algorithm was used to extract meaningful entities. Aligned and normalized data were evaluated by univariate and multivariate statistics. Quantitative analysis of free fatty acids (FFA) and cholesterol sulfate (CHS) was performed by targeted HPLC/(-)ESI-TOF-MS, whereas cholesterol and squalene were quantified by GC-MS. Untargeted approaches demonstrated that the relative abundance of numerous lipid species was distinctive of SC depending upon the different SG density. The discriminating species included FFA, CHS, and ceramides. Targeted analyses confirmed that sebaceous FFA and epidermal FFA were increased and decreased, respectively, in areas at high SG density. CHS and squalene, which are biomarkers of epidermal and sebaceous lipid matrices, respectively, were both significantly higher in areas at elevated SG density. Overall, results indicated that the SG secretion intervenes in shaping the lipid composition of the epidermal permeability barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Ludovici
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Nina Kozul
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Risoluti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Picardo
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Camera
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
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Abstract
The metabolism of antipyrine was studied in 13 patients with cancer and bladder papillomas and in 11 control subjects, matched for interfering factors like smoking, diet, age and sex. The mean antipyrine half-life was significantly longer in patients with urinary tract cancer (14.7 ± 1.32 h SE) than in control subjects (11 ± 0.55 h SE) (P < 0.025); other clinical parameters did not vary.
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Ottaviani M, Flori E, Mastrofrancesco A, Briganti S, Lora V, Ludovici M, Camera E, Zouboulis C, Picardo M. 479 Sebocytes differentiation state affects their response to insulin stimulus. Possible implications in acne pathogenesis. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.07.675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mastrofrancesco A, Ottaviani M, Cardinali G, Flori E, Briganti S, Ludovici M, Zouboulis C, Lora V, Camera E, Picardo M. Pharmacological PPARγ modulation regulates sebogenesis and inflammation in SZ95 human sebocytes. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 138:96-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Flori E, Mastrofrancesco A, Ottaviani M, Ludovici M, Zouboulis C, Picardo M, Camera E. 293 Different impacts of saturated and unsaturated free fatty acids on lipid synthesis and inflammatory response in sebocytes in culture. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.06.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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D'Angeli S, Matteucci M, Fattorini L, Gismondi A, Ludovici M, Canini A, Altamura MM. OeFAD8, OeLIP and OeOSM expression and activity in cold-acclimation of Olea europaea, a perennial dicot without winter-dormancy. Planta 2016; 243:1279-96. [PMID: 26919986 PMCID: PMC4837226 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-016-2490-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Cold-acclimation genes in woody dicots without winter-dormancy, e.g., olive-tree, need investigation. Positive relationships between OeFAD8, OeOSM , and OeLIP19 and olive-tree cold-acclimation exist, and couple with increased lipid unsaturation and cutinisation. Olive-tree is a woody species with no winter-dormancy and low frost-tolerance. However, cold-tolerant genotypes were empirically selected, highlighting that cold-acclimation might be acquired. Proteins needed for olive-tree cold-acclimation are unknown, even if roles for osmotin (OeOSM) as leaf cryoprotectant, and seed lipid-transfer protein for endosperm cutinisation under cold, were demonstrated. In other species, FAD8, coding a desaturase producing α-linolenic acid, is activated by temperature-lowering, concomitantly with bZIP-LIP19 genes. The research was focussed on finding OeLIP19 gene(s) in olive-tree genome, and analyze it/their expression, and that of OeFAD8 and OeOSM, in drupes and leaves under different cold-conditions/developmental stages/genotypes, in comparison with changes in unsaturated lipids and cell wall cutinisation. Cold-induced cytosolic calcium transients always occurred in leaves/drupes of some genotypes, e.g., Moraiolo, but ceased in others, e.g., Canino, at specific drupe stages/cold-treatments, suggesting cold-acclimation acquisition only in the latter genotypes. Canino and Moraiolo were selected for further analyses. Cold-acclimation in Canino was confirmed by an electrolyte leakage from leaf/drupe membranes highly reduced in comparison with Moraiolo. Strong increases in fruit-epicarp/leaf-epidermis cutinisation characterized cold-acclimated Canino, and positively coupled with OeOSM expression, and immunolocalization of the coded protein. OeFAD8 expression increased with cold-acclimation, as the production of α-linolenic acid, and related compounds. An OeLIP19 gene was isolated. Its levels changed with a trend similar to OeFAD8. All together, results sustain a positive relationship between OeFAD8, OeOSM and OeLIP19 expression in olive-tree cold-acclimation. The parallel changes in unsaturated lipids and cutinisation concur to suggest orchestrated roles of the coded proteins in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone D'Angeli
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università 'Sapienza', P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Maya Matteucci
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università 'Sapienza', P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Fattorini
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università 'Sapienza', P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Gismondi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Ludovici
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università 'Sapienza', P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Canini
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
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7
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Camera E, Ludovici M, Tortorella S, Sinagra JL, Capitanio B, Goracci L, Picardo M. Use of lipidomics to investigate sebum dysfunction in juvenile acne. J Lipid Res 2016; 57:1051-8. [PMID: 27127078 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m067942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Acne is a multifactorial skin disorder frequently observed during adolescence with different grades of severity. Multiple factors centering on sebum secretion are implicated in acne pathogenesis. Despite the recognized role of sebum, its compositional complexity and limited analytical approaches have hampered investigation of alterations specifically associated with acne. To examine the profiles of lipid distribution in acne sebum, 61 adolescents (29 males and 32 females) were enrolled in this study. Seventeen subjects presented no apparent clinical signs of acne. The 44 affected individuals were clinically classified as mild (13 individuals), moderate (19 individuals), and severe (12 individuals) acne. Sebum was sampled from the forehead with Sebutape(TM) adhesive patches. Profiles of neutral lipids were acquired with rapid-resolution reversed-phase/HPLC-TOF/MS in positive ion mode. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses led to the identification of lipid species with significantly different levels between healthy and acne sebum. The majority of differentiating lipid species were diacylglycerols (DGs), followed by fatty acyls, sterols, and prenols. Overall, the data indicated an association between the clinical grading of acne and sebaceous lipid fingerprints and highlighted DGs as more abundant in sebum from adolescents affected with acne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Camera
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Ludovici
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Tortorella
- Laboratory of Cheminformatics and Molecular Modeling, Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Jo-Linda Sinagra
- Acne Unit, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Capitanio
- Acne Unit, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Goracci
- Laboratory of Cheminformatics and Molecular Modeling, Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Mauro Picardo
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
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Camera E, Dahlhoff M, Ludovici M, Zouboulis CC, Schneider MR. Perilipin 3 modulates specific lipogenic pathways in SZ95 sebocytes. Exp Dermatol 2016; 23:759-61. [PMID: 25039349 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LD) are dynamic organelles that manage cellular lipid synthesis, storage and retrieval. Although LD-associated proteins, including the perilipin family (PLIN1-PLIN5), are essential for these functions, they have been poorly characterized in sebocytes. Here, we employed siRNAs to downregulate PLIN3 in SZ95 sebaceous gland cells and evaluated the consequences in lipid accumulation by nile red staining and mass spectrometry. Nile red staining revealed that siRNA-mediated downregulation of PLIN3 significantly impaired linoleic acid-induced lipid accumulation in SZ95 sebocytes. Mass spectrometry revealed that PLIN3 was implicated in the metabolism of linoleic acid, a lipid source used in the build-up of triglycerides, among other acyl lipids. Furthermore, the expression of key enzymes of sebaceous lipogenesis was altered in PLIN3-deficient sebocytes, consistent with the changes observed in the neutral lipid abundance, suggesting that PLIN3 functions are intertwined with the lipogenic pathways implicated in sebaceous lipogenesis, such as desaturation and triglyceride synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Camera
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Giorni P, Dall'Asta C, Reverberi M, Scala V, Ludovici M, Cirlini M, Galaverna G, Fanelli C, Battilani P. Open Field Study of Some Zea mays Hybrids, Lipid Compounds and Fumonisins Accumulation. Toxins (Basel) 2015; 7:3657-70. [PMID: 26378580 PMCID: PMC4591652 DOI: 10.3390/toxins7093657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid molecules are increasingly recognized as signals exchanged by organisms interacting in pathogenic and/or symbiotic ways. Some classes of lipids actively determine the fate of the interactions. Host cuticle/cell wall/membrane components such as sphingolipids and oxylipins may contribute to determining the fate of host-pathogen interactions. In the present field study, we considered the relationship between specific sphingolipids and oxylipins of different hybrids of Zea mays and fumonisin by F. verticillioides, sampling ears at different growth stages from early dough to fully ripe. The amount of total and free fumonisin differed significantly between hybrids and increased significantly with maize ripening. Oxylipins and phytoceramides changed significantly within the hybrids and decreased with kernel maturation, starting from physiological maturity. Although the correlation between fumonisin accumulation and plant lipid profile is certain, the data collected so far cannot define a cause-effect relationship but open up new perspectives. Therefore, the question-"Does fumonisin alter plant lipidome or does plant lipidome modulate fumonisin accumulation?"-is still open.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Giorni
- Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Vegetali Sostenibili, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza 29100, Italy.
| | - Chiara Dall'Asta
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, Parma 43124, Italy.
| | - Massimo Reverberi
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università Sapienza, P. le Aldo Moro 5, Roma 00185, Italy.
| | - Valeria Scala
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università Sapienza, P. le Aldo Moro 5, Roma 00185, Italy.
| | - Matteo Ludovici
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università Sapienza, P. le Aldo Moro 5, Roma 00185, Italy.
| | - Martina Cirlini
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, Parma 43124, Italy.
| | - Gianni Galaverna
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, Parma 43124, Italy.
| | - Corrado Fanelli
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università Sapienza, P. le Aldo Moro 5, Roma 00185, Italy.
| | - Paola Battilani
- Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Vegetali Sostenibili, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza 29100, Italy.
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Dall'Asta C, Giorni P, Cirlini M, Reverberi M, Gregori R, Ludovici M, Camera E, Fanelli C, Battilani P, Scala V. Maize lipids play a pivotal role in the fumonisin accumulation. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2015. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2014.1754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The role of lipids in maize – Fusarium verticillioides interaction and fumonisin production in natural field conditions were investigated. In 2010, ten maize hybrids were grown in fields located in 3 districts in Northern Italy and sampled at 4 growing stages, from early dough to full ripe. Chemical composition, fungal incidence and free and hidden fumonisin contamination were determined in all grain samples. All the hybrids considered within this study showed a strong fungal incidence, with Fusarium section Liseola as prevalent, already at the early dough maturity and along the ripening period. Fumonisins accumulated over the growing season and reached the maximum level at the full ripe stage; hidden fumonisins were found significant in all the considered samples (~57% of the free form at harvest). Hybrid H9 showed more than 50% of kernels infected by Aspergillus flavus and no hidden fumonisins were detected. This finding stresses the relevance of monitoring both free and total fumonisins for a comprehensive assessment of consumer exposure to mycotoxins. Previous studies showed a positive correlation between the content of linoleic acid and fumonisin accumulation into maize kernels infected with Fusarium section Liseola. Hence, an untargeted and targeted lipid analysis of maize kernels along the growing season and at harvest was performed. Results suggested a significant involvement of lipid composition of maize kernels in fungal infection and toxin accumulation. Specifically, mass spectrometry data pinpointed that at least 4 lipid entities might differentiate high-contaminated from low-contaminated samples when the cut-off of 2,000 μg/kg of fumonisins was selected. Among them, the oxylipin 9-HODE and three sphingolipids were identified. These results suggest that sphingolipid and oxylipin metabolism in maize kernels interferes with F. verticillioides growth and fumonisin production in plants growing in field.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Dall'Asta
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - P. Giorni
- Istituto di Entomologia e Patologia vegetale, Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29100 Piacenza, Italy
| | - M. Cirlini
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - M. Reverberi
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università Sapienza, Largo Cristina di Svezia 24, 00165 Roma
| | - R. Gregori
- Istituto di Entomologia e Patologia vegetale, Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29100 Piacenza, Italy
| | - M. Ludovici
- Laboratorio di Fisiopatologia Cutanea e Centro Integrato di Metabolomica, Istituto Dermatologico San Gallicano IRCCS, Via San Gallicano 25/a, 00153 Roma, Italy
| | - E. Camera
- Laboratorio di Fisiopatologia Cutanea e Centro Integrato di Metabolomica, Istituto Dermatologico San Gallicano IRCCS, Via San Gallicano 25/a, 00153 Roma, Italy
| | - C. Fanelli
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università Sapienza, Largo Cristina di Svezia 24, 00165 Roma
| | - P. Battilani
- Istituto di Entomologia e Patologia vegetale, Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29100 Piacenza, Italy
| | - V. Scala
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università Sapienza, Largo Cristina di Svezia 24, 00165 Roma
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Scala V, Giorni P, Cirlini M, Ludovici M, Visentin I, Cardinale F, Fabbri AA, Fanelli C, Reverberi M, Battilani P, Galaverna G, Dall'Asta C. LDS1-produced oxylipins are negative regulators of growth, conidiation and fumonisin synthesis in the fungal maize pathogen Fusarium verticillioides. Front Microbiol 2014; 5:669. [PMID: 25566199 PMCID: PMC4263177 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxylipins are fatty acid-derived signaling compounds produced by all eukaryotes so far investigated; in mycotoxigenic fungi, they modulate toxin production and interactions with the host plants. Among the many enzymes responsible for oxylipin generation, Linoleate Diol Synthase 1 (LDS1) produces mainly 8-hydroperoxyoctadecenoic acid and subsequently different di-hydroxyoctadecenoic acids. In this study, we inactivated a copy of the putative LDS1 ortholog (acc. N. FVEG_09294.3) of Fusarium verticillioides, with the aim to investigate its influence on the oxylipin profile of the fungus, on its development, secondary metabolism and virulence. LC-MS/MS oxylipin profiling carried out on the selected mutant strain revealed significant quali-quantitative differences for several oxylipins when compared to the WT strain. The Fvlds1-deleted mutant grew better, produced more conidia, synthesized more fumonisins and infected maize cobs faster than the WT strain. We hypothesize that oxylipins may act as regulators of gene expression in the toxigenic plant pathogen F. verticillioides, in turn causing notable changes in its phenotype. These changes could relate to the ability of oxylipins to re-shape the transcriptional profile of F. verticillioides by inducing chromatin modifications and exerting a direct control on the transcription of secondary metabolism in fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Scala
- Department of Environmental Biology, University of Rome "Sapienza" Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Giorni
- Istituto di Entomologia e Patologia Vegetale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Piacenza, Italy
| | - Martina Cirlini
- Food Chemistry and Natural Substances Unit, Department of Organic and Industrial Chemistry, University of Parma Parma, Italy
| | - Matteo Ludovici
- Department of Environmental Biology, University of Rome "Sapienza" Rome, Italy
| | - Ivan Visentin
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Science, University of Turin Torino, Italy
| | - Francesca Cardinale
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Science, University of Turin Torino, Italy
| | - Anna A Fabbri
- Department of Environmental Biology, University of Rome "Sapienza" Rome, Italy
| | - Corrado Fanelli
- Department of Environmental Biology, University of Rome "Sapienza" Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Reverberi
- Department of Environmental Biology, University of Rome "Sapienza" Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Battilani
- Istituto di Entomologia e Patologia Vegetale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Piacenza, Italy
| | - Gianni Galaverna
- Food Chemistry and Natural Substances Unit, Department of Organic and Industrial Chemistry, University of Parma Parma, Italy
| | - Chiara Dall'Asta
- Food Chemistry and Natural Substances Unit, Department of Organic and Industrial Chemistry, University of Parma Parma, Italy
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Ludovici M, Ialongo C, Reverberi M, Beccaccioli M, Scarpari M, Scala V. Quantitative profiling of oxylipins through comprehensive LC-MS/MS analysis of Fusarium verticillioides and maize kernels. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2014; 31:2026-33. [PMID: 25255035 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2014.968810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium verticillioides is one of the most important fungal pathogens causing ear and stalk rot in maize, even if frequently asymptomatic, producing a harmful series of compounds named fumonisins. Plant and fungal oxylipins play a crucial role in determining the outcome of the interaction between the pathogen and its host. Moreover, oxylipins result as signals able to modulate the secondary metabolism in fungi. In keeping with this, a novel, quantitative LC-MS/MS method was designed to quantify up to 17 different oxylipins produced by F. verticillioides and maize kernels. By applying this method, we were able to quantify oxylipin production in vitro - F. verticillioides grown into Czapek-Dox/yeast extract medium amended with 0.2% w/v of cracked maize - and in vivo, i.e. during its growth on detached mature maize ears. This study pinpoints the role of oxylipins in a plant pathogen such as F. verticillioides and sets up a novel tool aimed at understanding the role oxylipins play in mycotoxigenic pathogens during their interactions with respective hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Ludovici
- a Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale , Università Sapienza , Rome , Italy
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Oláh A, Tóth BI, Borbíró I, Sugawara K, Szöllõsi AG, Czifra G, Pál B, Ambrus L, Kloepper J, Camera E, Ludovici M, Picardo M, Voets T, Zouboulis CC, Paus R, Bíró T. Cannabidiol exerts sebostatic and antiinflammatory effects on human sebocytes. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:3713-24. [PMID: 25061872 DOI: 10.1172/jci64628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) regulates multiple physiological processes, including cutaneous cell growth and differentiation. Here, we explored the effects of the major nonpsychotropic phytocannabinoid of Cannabis sativa, (-)-cannabidiol (CBD), on human sebaceous gland function and determined that CBD behaves as a highly effective sebostatic agent. Administration of CBD to cultured human sebocytes and human skin organ culture inhibited the lipogenic actions of various compounds, including arachidonic acid and a combination of linoleic acid and testosterone, and suppressed sebocyte proliferation via the activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid-4 (TRPV4) ion channels. Activation of TRPV4 interfered with the prolipogenic ERK1/2 MAPK pathway and resulted in the downregulation of nuclear receptor interacting protein-1 (NRIP1), which influences glucose and lipid metabolism, thereby inhibiting sebocyte lipogenesis. CBD also exerted complex antiinflammatory actions that were coupled to A2a adenosine receptor-dependent upregulation of tribbles homolog 3 (TRIB3) and inhibition of the NF-κB signaling. Collectively, our findings suggest that, due to the combined lipostatic, antiproliferative, and antiinflammatory effects, CBD has potential as a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of acne vulgaris.
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Capitanio B, Lora V, Ludovici M, Sinagra JL, Ottaviani M, Mastrofrancesco A, Ardigò M, Camera E. Modulation of sebum oxidation and interleukin-1α levels associates with clinical improvement of mild comedonal acne. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2014; 28:1792-7. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Capitanio
- Pediatric Dermatology; San Gallicano Dermatological Institute (IRCCS); Rome Italy
| | - V. Lora
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology; San Gallicano Dermatological Institute (IRCCS); Rome Italy
| | - M. Ludovici
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology; San Gallicano Dermatological Institute (IRCCS); Rome Italy
| | - J.-L. Sinagra
- Pediatric Dermatology; San Gallicano Dermatological Institute (IRCCS); Rome Italy
| | - M. Ottaviani
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology; San Gallicano Dermatological Institute (IRCCS); Rome Italy
| | - A. Mastrofrancesco
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology; San Gallicano Dermatological Institute (IRCCS); Rome Italy
| | - M. Ardigò
- Department of Clinical Dermatology; San Gallicano Dermatological Institute (IRCCS); Rome Italy
| | - E. Camera
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology; San Gallicano Dermatological Institute (IRCCS); Rome Italy
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15
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Scarpari M, Punelli M, Scala V, Zaccaria M, Nobili C, Ludovici M, Camera E, Fabbri AA, Reverberi M, Fanelli C. Lipids in Aspergillus flavus-maize interaction. Front Microbiol 2014; 5:74. [PMID: 24578700 PMCID: PMC3936598 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In some filamentous fungi, the pathways related to the oxidative stress and oxylipins production are involved both in the process of host-recognition and in the pathogenic phase. In fact, recent studies have shown that the production of oxylipins in filamentous fungi, yeasts and chromists is also related to the development of the organism itself and to mechanisms of communication with the host at the cellular level. The oxylipins, also produced by the host during defense reactions, are able to induce sporulation and to regulate the biosynthesis of mycotoxins in several pathogenic fungi. In A. flavus, the oxylipins play a crucial role as signals for regulating the biosynthesis of aflatoxins, the conidiogenesis and the formation of sclerotia. To investigate the involvement of an oxylipins based cross-talk into Z. mays and A. flavus interaction, we analyzed the oxylipins profile of the wild type strain and of three mutants of A. flavus that are deleted at the Aflox1 gene level also during maize kernel invasion. A lipidomic approach has been addressed through the use of LC-ToF-MS, followed by a statistical analysis of the principal components (PCA). The results showed the existence of a difference between the oxylipins profile generated by the WT and the mutants onto challenged maize. In relation to this, aflatoxin synthesis which is largely hampered in vitro, is intriguingly restored. These results highlight the important role of maize oxylipin in driving secondary metabolism in A. flavus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Scarpari
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università Sapienza - Roma Roma, Italy
| | - Marta Punelli
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università Sapienza - Roma Roma, Italy
| | - Valeria Scala
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università Sapienza - Roma Roma, Italy
| | - Marco Zaccaria
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università Sapienza - Roma Roma, Italy
| | - Chiara Nobili
- Unità Tecnica Sviluppo Sostenibile ed Innovazione del Sistema Agro-industriale, Laboratorio Innovazione Agroindustriale, ENEA C.R. Casaccia Roma, Italy
| | | | | | - Anna A Fabbri
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università Sapienza - Roma Roma, Italy
| | - Massimo Reverberi
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università Sapienza - Roma Roma, Italy
| | - Corrado Fanelli
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università Sapienza - Roma Roma, Italy
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16
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Scala V, Camera E, Ludovici M, Dall'Asta C, Cirlini M, Giorni P, Battilani P, Bello C, Fabbri A, Fanelli C, Reverberi M. Fusarium verticillioides and maize interaction in vitro: relationship between oxylipin cross-talk and fumonisin synthesis. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2013. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2012.1527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium verticillioides is one of the most important fungal pathogens causing ear and stalk rot in maize. Even if frequently asymptomatic, it can produce a harmful series of compounds named fumonisins. Plant and fungal oxylipins play a crucial role in determining the outcome of the interaction between the pathogen and its host. Moreover, oxylipins are factors able to modulate the secondary metabolism in fungi. To uncover the existence of the relationship between oxylipin production and fumonisin synthesis in F. verticillioides, we analysed some molecular and physiological parameters, such as the expression of genes whose products are related to oxylipin synthesis (i.e. lipoxygenase, diol synthases and fatty acid oxidase), the oxylipin profile of both cracked maize and the pathogen by using a lipidomic approach (i.e. combining LC-TOF and LC-MS/MS approaches with a robust statistical analysis) and the synthesis of fumonisin B1. The results suggested a close relationship between the modification of the pathogen oxylipin profile with the fumonisin synthesis. Notably, a modification of the oxylipin profile of the pathogen during its growth on cracked maize can be demonstrated. The switch in oxylipin synthesis could indicate that the ‘presence’ of maize determinants (e.g. plant cell wall fragments and/or lipids) was able to promote the modification of the pathogen lifestyle, also by adapting the secondary metabolism, notably fumonisin synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Scala
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università ‘Sapienza’, Largo Cristina di Svezia 24, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - E. Camera
- Laboratorio di Fisiopatologia Cutanea e Centro Integrato di Metabolomica, Istituto Dermatologico San Gallicano IRCCS, Via Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - M. Ludovici
- Laboratorio di Fisiopatologia Cutanea e Centro Integrato di Metabolomica, Istituto Dermatologico San Gallicano IRCCS, Via Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - C. Dall'Asta
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale, ‘Università degli Studi di Parma’, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - M. Cirlini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale, ‘Università degli Studi di Parma’, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - P. Giorni
- Istituto di Entomologia e Patologia Vegetale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - P. Battilani
- Istituto di Entomologia e Patologia Vegetale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - C. Bello
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università ‘Sapienza’, Largo Cristina di Svezia 24, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - A.A. Fabbri
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università ‘Sapienza’, Largo Cristina di Svezia 24, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - C. Fanelli
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università ‘Sapienza’, Largo Cristina di Svezia 24, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - M. Reverberi
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università ‘Sapienza’, Largo Cristina di Svezia 24, 00165 Rome, Italy
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17
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Briganti S, Flori E, Mastrofrancesco A, Kovacs D, Camera E, Ludovici M, Cardinali G, Picardo M. Azelaic acid reduced senescence-like phenotype in photo-irradiated human dermal fibroblasts: possible implication of PPARγ. Exp Dermatol 2013; 22:41-7. [PMID: 23278893 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Azelaic acid (AzA) has been used for the treatment for inflammatory skin diseases, such as acne and rosacea. Interestingly, an improvement in skin texture has been observed after long-time treatment with AzA. We previously unrevealed that anti-inflammatory activity of AzA involves a specific activation of PPARγ, a nuclear receptor that plays a relevant role in inflammation and even in ageing processes. As rosacea has been considered as a photo-aggravated disease, we investigated the ability of AzA to counteract stress-induced premature cell senescence (SIPS). We employed a SIPS model based on single exposure of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) to UVA and 8-methoxypsoralen (PUVA), previously reported to activate a senescence-like phenotype, including long-term growth arrest, flattened morphology and increased synthesis of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal). We found that PUVA-treated HDFs grown in the presence of AzA maintained their morphology and reduced MMP-1 release and SA-β-galactosidase-positive cells. Moreover, AzA induced a reduction in ROS generation, an up-modulation of antioxidant enzymes and a decrease in cell membrane lipid damages in PUVA-treated HDFs. Further evidences of AzA anti-senescence effect were repression of p53 and p21, increase in type I pro-collagen and abrogation of the enhanced expression of growth factors, such as HGF and SCF. Interestingly, PUVA-SIPS showed a decreased activation of PPARγ and AzA counteracted this effect, suggesting that AzA effect involves PPARγ modulation. All together these data showed that AzA interferes with PUVA-induced senescence-like phenotype and its ability to activate PPAR-γ provides relevant insights into the anti-senescence mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Briganti
- Cutaneous Physiopatology Laboratory, San Gallicano Dermatology Institute, Rome, Italy
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18
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Bellei B, Pitisci A, Ottaviani M, Ludovici M, Cota C, Luzi F, Dell'Anna ML, Picardo M. Vitiligo: a possible model of degenerative diseases. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59782. [PMID: 23555779 PMCID: PMC3608562 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitiligo is characterized by the progressive disappearance of pigment cells from skin and hair follicle. Several in vitro and in vivo studies show evidence of an altered redox status, suggesting that loss of cellular redox equilibrium might be the pathogenic mechanism in vitiligo. However, despite the numerous data supporting a pathogenic role of oxidative stress, there is still no consensus explanation underlying the oxidative stress-driven disappear of melanocytes from the epidermis. In this study, in vitro characterization of melanocytes cultures from non-lesional vitiligo skin revealed at the cellular level aberrant function of signal transduction pathways common with neurodegenerative diseases including modification of lipid metabolism, hyperactivation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), constitutive p53-dependent stress signal transduction cascades, and enhanced sensibility to pro-apoptotic stimuli. Notably, these long-term effects of subcytotoxic oxidative stress are also biomarkers of pre-senescent cellular phenotype. Consistent with this, vitiligo cells showed a significant increase in p16 that did not correlate with the chronological age of the donor. Moreover, vitiligo melanocytes produced many biologically active proteins among the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SAPS), such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), matrix metallo proteinase-3 (MMP3), cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 and 7 (IGFBP3, IGFBP7). Together, these data argue for a complicated pathophysiologic puzzle underlying melanocytes degeneration resembling, from the biological point of view, neurodegenerative diseases. Our results suggest new possible targets for intervention that in combination with current therapies could correct melanocytes intrinsic defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Bellei
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy.
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19
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Maresca V, Flori E, Camera E, Bellei B, Aspite N, Ludovici M, Catricalà C, Cardinali G, Picardo M. Linking αMSH with PPARγ in B16-F10 melanoma. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2012; 26:113-27. [PMID: 22863076 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-148x.2012.01042.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have discovered a new α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH)/peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) connection in B16-F10 cells. Both PPAR-γ up-regulation and its induction as an active transcription factor were observed in response to α-MSH. The α-MSH/PPAR-γ connection influenced both pigmentation and proliferation. The forskolin-stimulated cAMP/PKA pathway was not able to induce either PPAR-γ translocation into the nucleus or PPAR-γ transcriptional activity. As the melanocortin-1 receptor, the specific receptor for the α-MSH, is a G-protein coupled receptor, we wondered whether the phosphatidylinositol [PI(4,5)P(2) /PLC(β) ] signal pathway was involved in mediating the α-MSH-dependent PPAR-γ activation. Employing inhibitors of PI(4,5)P(2) /PLC(β) pathway, the results of our experiments suggested that this pathway was promoted by α-MSH and that α-MSH played a role in mediating PPAR-γ activation. We have demonstrated, for the first time, that α-MSH induces the PI(4,5)P(2) /PLC(β) pathway, through analysis of the basic steps of the pathway. The α-MSH effect on PPAR-γ was independent of animal species and was not correlated with the physio-pathological status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Maresca
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Centre of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
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20
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Bellei B, Pitisci A, Ottaviani M, Ludovici M, Cota C, Fabiola L, Dell'Anna ML, Picardo M. Stress‐activated cellular senescence as a mechanism of melanocytes degeneration in vitiligo. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.615.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Bellei
- Cutaneous Physiopathology and Metabolomic CenterIFO San Gallicano Dermatological InstituteRomeItaly
| | - Angela Pitisci
- Cutaneous Physiopathology and Metabolomic CenterIFO San Gallicano Dermatological InstituteRomeItaly
| | - Monica Ottaviani
- Cutaneous Physiopathology and Metabolomic CenterIFO San Gallicano Dermatological InstituteRomeItaly
| | - Matteo Ludovici
- Cutaneous Physiopathology and Metabolomic CenterIFO San Gallicano Dermatological InstituteRomeItaly
| | - Carlo Cota
- Dermatopathology UnitIFO San Gallicano Dermatological InstituteRomeItaly
| | - Luzi Fabiola
- Struttura complessa di medicina preventiva delle migrazioni del turismo e di dermatologiaIFO San Gallicano Dermatological InstituteRomeItaly
| | - Maria Lucia Dell'Anna
- Cutaneous Physiopathology and Metabolomic CenterIFO San Gallicano Dermatological InstituteRomeItaly
| | - Mauro Picardo
- Cutaneous Physiopathology and Metabolomic CenterIFO San Gallicano Dermatological InstituteRomeItaly
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21
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Camera E, Ludovici M, Galante M, Sinagra JL, Picardo M. Comprehensive analysis of the major lipid classes in sebum by rapid resolution high-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray mass spectrometry. J Lipid Res 2010; 51:3377-88. [PMID: 20719760 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d008391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sebum is a complex lipid mixture that is synthesized in sebaceous glands and excreted on the skin surface. The purpose of this study was the comprehensive detection of the intact lipids that compose sebum. These lipids exist as a broad range of chemical structures and concentrations. Sebum was collected with SebuTape(TM) from the foreheads of healthy donors, and then separated by HPLC on a C8 stationary phase with sub 2 µm particle size. This HPLC method provided high resolution and excellent reproducibility of retention times (RT). Compound mining was performed with time of flight (TOF) and triple quadrupole (QqQ) mass spectrometers (MS), which allowed for the classification of lipids according to their elemental composition, degree of unsaturation, and MS/MS fragmentation. The combination of the two MS systems detected 95 and 29 families of triacylglycerols (TAG) and diacylglycerols (DAG), respectively. Assignment was carried out regardless of positional isomerism. Among the wax esters (WE), 28 species were found to contain the 16:1 fatty acyl moiety. This method was suitable for the simultaneous detection of squalene and its oxygenated derivative. A total of 9 cholesterol esters (CE) were identified and more than 48 free fatty acids (FFA) were detected in normal sebum. The relative abundance of each individual lipid within its own chemical class was determined for 12 healthy donors. In summary, this method provided the first characterization of the features and distribution of intact components of the sebum lipidome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Camera
- Laboratorio di Fisiopatologia Cutanea e Centro Integrato di Metabolomica, Istituto Dermatologico San Gallicano (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
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22
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Neri B, Gemelli MT, Sambataro S, Colombi L, Benvenuti F, Ludovici M, Pacini P. Subjective and metabolic effects of clodronate in patients with advanced breast cancer and symptomatic bone metastases. Anticancer Drugs 1992; 3:87-90. [PMID: 1388063 DOI: 10.1097/00001813-199204000-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Twenty postmenopausal women (aged between 46 and 67 years old) with skeletal metastases from breast carcinoma were treated with clodronate 450 mg i.v. daily for 5 days and thereafter with 100 mg i.m. daily for 10 days. All patients received standard hormonal therapy (tamoxifen). Symptomatic pain (evaluated according to a linear analog scale), performance status (according to Karnofsky), serum alkaline phosphatase, serum creatinine and osteocalcin were measured before and after treatment on days 5, 15, 30 and 45. Scanning by radiology were performed pre- and post-therapy. Bone pain was significantly reduced in 15 out of 20 patients. After clodronate treatment the base line value of circulating osteocalcin (3.2 +/- 1.6 ng/ml) showed a significant increase on days 30 and 45 (p less than 0.001). Radiological assessment of bone lesions showed stable disease in 18 patients and progression in two patients. No adverse side effects were observed. These data show that clodronate provided pain relief in 75% of treated patients and the increase in circulating osteocalcin levels can be considered a marker of the stabilization of skeletal metastatic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Neri
- Day-Hospital Oncologico, Istituto di Clinica Medica IV, Firenze, Italy
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23
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Peduto VA, Masini E, Ludovici M, Pieraccioli E, Dolara P, Novelli GP. Stimulation of drug-metabolizing enzymes by nitrous oxide in the rat. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1983; 27:439-42. [PMID: 6141696 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1983.tb01983.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Wistar male rats were subchronically (150 h continuously) or chronically (5 h daily for 15 days) exposed to a 50% nitrous oxide/oxygen mixture. As an index of enzyme induction liver N-demethylase and benzo(a)pyrene-hydroxylase activities, serum gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activity, urinary d-glucaric acid and pentobarbital sleeping time were evaluated in comparison with a control group. No effect was observed after subchronic exposure to the anaesthetic gas. Chronic exposure, on the contrary, decreased pentobarbital sleeping time, increased urinary d-glucaric acid, liver N-demethylase and serum gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activities. No increase of liver benzo(a)pyrene-hydroxylase was observed. Chronic nitrous oxide exposure under appropriate conditions can modify some enzymes, metabolizing drugs and xenobiotic compounds.
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