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Munk N, Daggy JK, Slaven JE, Evans E, Foote T, Laws B, Matthias MS, Bair MJ. Care ally-assisted massage for veterans with chronic neck pain: TOMCATT results. Contemp Clin Trials 2024:107561. [PMID: 38704120 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2024.107561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic neck pain (CNP) is prevalent and challenging to treat. Despite evidence of massage's effectiveness for CNP, multiple accessibility barriers exist. The Trial Outcomes for Massage: Care Ally-Assisted vs. Therapist Treated (TOMCATT) study examined a care ally-assisted massage (CA-M) approach compared to a waitlist control prior to a study design modification (WL-C0). METHODS CA-M consisted of in-person training for veteran/care-ally dyads to learn a standardized 30-minue massage routine, instructional DVD, and printed treatment manual. Participants were to complete three care ally-assisted massage sessions weekly for 12-weeks. Outcomes collected at baseline, 1-, 3-, and 6-months included validated measures of neck pain severity and associated disability. Linear mixed-model approaches were used for analysis with 3-months as the primary outcome timepoint. RESULTS Participants (N = 203) were 56.7 ± 14 years old, 75% White, 15% female, and 75% married/partnered. Among 102 CA-M participants, 45% did not attend the in-person training and subsequently withdrew from the study and were more likely to be younger (p = .016) and employed (p = .004). Compared to WL-C0, CA-M participants had statistically significant reductions in pain-related disability at 3-months (-3.4, 95%CI = [-5.8, -1.0]; p = .006) and 6-months (-4.6, 95%CI = [-7.0, -2.1]; p < .001) and pain severity at 3-months (-1.3, 95%CI = [-1.9, -0.8]; p < .001) and 6-months (-1.0, 95%CI = [-1.6, -0.4]; p = .007), respectively. CONCLUSION In this analysis, CA-M led to greater reductions in CNP with disability and pain severity compared to WL-C0, despite treatment engagement and retention challenges. Future work is needed to determine how to better engage Veterans and their care-allies to attend CA-M training.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Munk
- Indiana University School of Health and Human Sciences, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA; Department of Health Sciences, USA; Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM), Massage & Myotherapy Australia Fellow and Visiting Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - J K Daggy
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - J E Slaven
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - E Evans
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, USA; Center for Health Information and Communication, USA
| | - T Foote
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, USA; Center for Health Information and Communication, USA
| | - B Laws
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, USA; Center for Health Information and Communication, USA
| | - M S Matthias
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, USA; Center for Health Information and Communication, USA; Indiana University School of Medicine and Regenstrief Institute, USA
| | - M J Bair
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, USA; Center for Health Information and Communication, USA; Indiana University School of Medicine and Regenstrief Institute, USA
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Matthias MS, Daggy JK, Perkins AJ, Adams J, Bair MJ, Burgess DJ, Eliacin J, Flores P, Myers LJ, Menen T, Procento P, Rand KL, Salyers MP, Shanahan ML, Hirsh AT. Communication and activation in pain to enhance relationships and treat pain with equity (COOPERATE): a randomized clinical trial. Pain 2024; 165:365-375. [PMID: 37733487 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Racialized disparities in chronic pain care are well-documented and persist despite national priorities focused on health equity. Similar disparities have been observed in patient activation (ie, having the knowledge, confidence, and skills to manage one's health). As such, interventions targeting patient activation represent a novel approach to addressing and reducing disparities in pain care. Communication and Activation in Pain to Enhance Relationships and Treat Pain with Equity is a randomized controlled trial of a 6-session telephone-delivered intervention to increase patient activation for Black patients with chronic pain. Two hundred fifty Black patients from a Midwestern Veterans Affairs medical center were randomized to the intervention or attention control. The primary outcome was patient activation; secondary outcomes included communication self-efficacy, pain, and psychological functioning. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and at 3 (primary endpoint), 6, and 9 months (sustained effects). Analyses used an intent-to-treat approach. Compared with baseline, patient activation increased 4.6 points at 3 months (versus +0.13 in control group, 95% CI: 0.48, 7.34; P = 0.03). These improvements in the intervention group were sustained, with +7 from baseline at 6 months and +5.77 at 9 months, and remained statistically significant from the control group. Communication self-efficacy increased significantly relative to the control group from baseline to 3 months. Pain intensity and interference improved at 3 months, but differences were not significant after adjusting for multiple comparisons. Most other secondary outcomes improved, but group differences were not statistically significant after controlling for multiple comparisons. Results suggest that increasing patient activation is a potentially fruitful path toward improving pain management and achieving health equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne S Matthias
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Joanne K Daggy
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Anthony J Perkins
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Jasma Adams
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Matthew J Bair
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Diana J Burgess
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Johanne Eliacin
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Perla Flores
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Laura J Myers
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Tetla Menen
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Philip Procento
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Kevin L Rand
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Michelle P Salyers
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Mackenzie L Shanahan
- VA HSR&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Adam T Hirsh
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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Matthias MS, Myers LJ, Coffing JM, Carter JL, Daggy JK, Slaven JE, Bair MJ, Bravata DM, McGuire AB. Patterns of Opioid Prescriptions in the Veterans Health Administration for Patients With Chronic Low-Back Pain After the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis. J Pain 2023:104445. [PMID: 38072219 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic led to severe disruptions in health care and a relaxation of rules surrounding opioid prescribing-changes which led to concerns about increased reliance on opioids for chronic pain and a resurgence of opioid-related harms. Although some studies found that opioid prescriptions increased in the first 6 months of the pandemic, we know little about the longer-term effects of the pandemic on opioid prescriptions. Further, despite the prevalence of pain in veterans, we know little about patterns of opioid prescriptions in the Veterans Health Administration (VA) associated with the pandemic. Using a retrospective cohort of VA patients with chronic low-back pain, we examined the proportion of patients with an opioid prescription and mean morphine milligram equivalents over a 3-year period-1 year prior to and 2 years after the pandemic's onset. Analyses revealed that both measures fell during the entire observation period. The largest decrease in the odds of filling an opioid prescription occurred in the first quarter of the pandemic, but this downward trend continued throughout the observation period, albeit at a slower pace. Clinically meaningful differences in opioid prescriptions and dose over time did not emerge based on patient race or rurality; however, differences emerged between female and male veterans, with decreases in opioid prescriptions slowing more markedly for women after the pandemic onset. These findings suggest that the pandemic was not associated with short- or long-term increases in opioid prescriptions or doses in the VA. PERSPECTIVE: This article examines opioid prescribing over a 3-year period-1 year prior to and 2 years after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic-for VA patients with chronic low-back pain. Results indicate that, despite disruptions to health care, opioid prescriptions and doses decreased over the entire observation period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne S Matthias
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana; Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Laura J Myers
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Jessica M Coffing
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Jessica L Carter
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Joanne K Daggy
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - James E Slaven
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Matthew J Bair
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana; Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Dawn M Bravata
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana; Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Alan B McGuire
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana; Department of Psychology, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis, Indiana
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Eliacin J, Burgess D, Rollins AL, Patterson S, Damush T, Bair MJ, Salyers MP, Spoont M, Chinman M, Slaven JE, Matthias MS. Outcomes of a peer-led navigation program, PARTNER-MH, for racially minoritized Veterans receiving mental health services: a pilot randomized controlled trial to assess feasibility and acceptability. Transl Behav Med 2023; 13:710-721. [PMID: 37130337 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibad027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This pilot study explored the feasibility and acceptability of PARTNER-MH, which aimed to engage racially diverse Veterans in mental health services, facilitate their active participation in care, and improve their communication with providers. Fifty participants were randomized to the intervention or a waitlist control group. For primary outcomes, we assessed the feasibility of the study design and PARTNER-MH's feasibility and acceptability. For secondary outcomes, we explored preliminary effects on patient engagement, patient activation, shared decision-making, and health-related outcomes. The study had a recruitment rate of 68%, enrollment rate of 91%, and a follow-up retention rate of 72%. For intervention feasibility and acceptability, fidelity scores were satisfactory and improved over time, session attendance was modest with 33% of participants completing ≥6 sessions, and 89% of participants were satisfied with the intervention. For secondary outcomes, patients in the intervention arm showed significant improvement on self-reported mental health and depression, compared with those in the control group at both 6- and 9-month follow-ups. However, there were no significant differences between study arms on the other measures. Pilot results provide support for future testing of PARTNER-MH in a larger trial, although modifications are needed to increase session attendance and follow-up retention rate. CLINICAL TRIAL INFORMATION The study was preregistered at Clinical Trials.gov. The study Trial registration number is ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04515771.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanne Eliacin
- Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Center for Health Services Research, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Women's Health Sciences Division, National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Diana Burgess
- Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, Minneapolis VA Healthcare System, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Angela L Rollins
- Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Center for Health Services Research, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Scott Patterson
- Department of Psychiatry, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Teresa Damush
- Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Center for Health Services Research, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Matthew J Bair
- Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Center for Health Services Research, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Michelle P Salyers
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Michele Spoont
- Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, Minneapolis VA Healthcare System, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Matthew Chinman
- Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, Pittsburg VA, Pittsburg, PA, USA
- RAND, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - James E Slaven
- Deparmtent of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Marianne S Matthias
- Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Center for Health Services Research, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Story KM, Flanagan ME, Robb SL, Bravata DM, Bair MJ, Otto D, Damush TM. Rapid implementation of Veterans Health Administration telehealth creative arts therapies: survey evaluation of adoption and adaptation. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:769. [PMID: 37468861 PMCID: PMC10357876 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09796-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Creative arts therapies (CAT) are employed throughout the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and are predominantly delivered in-person. Though telehealth delivery of CAT was used at several VHA facilities to increase services to rural Veterans, due to guidance from the Center for Disease Control and VHA that temporarily suspended or reduced in-person services, there was a large increase of CAT therapists enterprise-wide who adopted telehealth delivery. The aims of this study were to evaluate adoption and adaptation of CAT telehealth delivery and identify related barriers and facilitators. METHODS We deployed a survey guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research and administered it via email to all VHA CAT therapists (N = 120). Descriptive statistics were used to summarize data and responses were compared based on therapists' age, years of experience and CAT discipline. Open survey field responses were summarized, qualitatively coded, and analyzed thematically. RESULTS Most therapists (76%) reported adopting telehealth with 74% each delivering > 50 CAT sessions in the prior year. Therapists adapted interventions or created new ones to be delivered through telehealth. Barriers included: technical challenges, control of the virtual space, and building rapport. Facilitators included added equipment, software, and infrastructure. CAT therapists adapted their session preparation, session content, outcome expectations, and equipment. CAT therapists reported being able to reach more patients and improved access to care with telehealth compared to in person visits. Additional benefits were patient therapeutic effects from attending sessions from home, therapist convenience, and clinician growth. CONCLUSIONS VHA CAT therapists used their inherent creativity to problem solve difficulties and make adaptations for CAT telehealth adoption. Future studies may explore CAT telehealth sustainment and its effectiveness on clinical processes and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M Story
- Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Services Research and Development (HSR&D) Center for Health Information and Communication, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Mindy E Flanagan
- Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Services Research and Development (HSR&D) Center for Health Information and Communication, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Sheri L Robb
- Indiana University School of Nursing, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Dawn M Bravata
- Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Services Research and Development (HSR&D) Center for Health Information and Communication, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- VA HSR&D Expanding Expertise Through E-Health Network Development (EXTEND) Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI), Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, USA
| | - Matthew J Bair
- Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Services Research and Development (HSR&D) Center for Health Information and Communication, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, USA
- Departments of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - David Otto
- VA Rehabilitation and Prosthetic Service, Recreation Therapy and Creative Arts Therapy Service, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Teresa M Damush
- Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Services Research and Development (HSR&D) Center for Health Information and Communication, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- VA HSR&D Expanding Expertise Through E-Health Network Development (EXTEND) Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI), Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, USA
- Departments of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Hohenschurz-Schmidt DJ, Cherkin D, Rice AS, Dworkin RH, Turk DC, McDermott MP, Bair MJ, DeBar LL, Edwards RR, Farrar JT, Kerns RD, Markman JD, Rowbotham MC, Sherman KJ, Wasan AD, Cowan P, Desjardins P, Ferguson M, Freeman R, Gewandter JS, Gilron I, Grol-Prokopczyk H, Hertz SH, Iyengar S, Kamp C, Karp BI, Kleykamp BA, Loeser JD, Mackey S, Malamut R, McNicol E, Patel KV, Sandbrink F, Schmader K, Simon L, Steiner DJ, Veasley C, Vollert J. Research objectives and general considerations for pragmatic clinical trials of pain treatments: IMMPACT statement. Pain 2023; 164:1457-1472. [PMID: 36943273 PMCID: PMC10281023 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Many questions regarding the clinical management of people experiencing pain and related health policy decision-making may best be answered by pragmatic controlled trials. To generate clinically relevant and widely applicable findings, such trials aim to reproduce elements of routine clinical care or are embedded within clinical workflows. In contrast with traditional efficacy trials, pragmatic trials are intended to address a broader set of external validity questions critical for stakeholders (clinicians, healthcare leaders, policymakers, insurers, and patients) in considering the adoption and use of evidence-based treatments in daily clinical care. This article summarizes methodological considerations for pragmatic trials, mainly concerning methods of fundamental importance to the internal validity of trials. The relationship between these methods and common pragmatic trials methods and goals is considered, recognizing that the resulting trial designs are highly dependent on the specific research question under investigation. The basis of this statement was an Initiative on Methods, Measurement, and Pain Assessment in Clinical Trials (IMMPACT) systematic review of methods and a consensus meeting. The meeting was organized by the Analgesic, Anesthetic, and Addiction Clinical Trial Translations, Innovations, Opportunities, and Networks (ACTTION) public-private partnership. The consensus process was informed by expert presentations, panel and consensus discussions, and a preparatory systematic review. In the context of pragmatic trials of pain treatments, we present fundamental considerations for the planning phase of pragmatic trials, including the specification of trial objectives, the selection of adequate designs, and methods to enhance internal validity while maintaining the ability to answer pragmatic research questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Hohenschurz-Schmidt
- Pain Research, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dan Cherkin
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington and Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Andrew S.C. Rice
- Pain Research, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert H. Dworkin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Dennis C. Turk
- Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Michael P. McDermott
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Matthew J. Bair
- VA Center for Health Information and Communication, Regenstrief Institute, and Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Lynn L. DeBar
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | | | - John T. Farrar
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Robert D. Kerns
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology and Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - John D. Markman
- Neuromedicine Pain Management and Translational Pain Research, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Michael C. Rowbotham
- Department of Anesthesia, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Karen J. Sherman
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute and Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle WA, United States
| | - Ajay D. Wasan
- Departments of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, and Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Penney Cowan
- American Chronic Pain Association, Rocklin, CA, United States
| | - Paul Desjardins
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - McKenzie Ferguson
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, United States
| | - Roy Freeman
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jennifer S. Gewandter
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Ian Gilron
- Departments of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Centre for Neuroscience Studies, and School of Policy Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Hanna Grol-Prokopczyk
- Department of Sociology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo NY, United States
| | - Sharon H. Hertz
- Hertz and Fields Consulting, Inc, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | | | - Cornelia Kamp
- Center for Health and Technology (CHeT), Clinical Materials Services Unit (CMSU), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | | | - Bethea A. Kleykamp
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - John D. Loeser
- Departments of Neurological Surgery and Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Sean Mackey
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Neurosciences and Neurology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | | | - Ewan McNicol
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kushang V. Patel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Friedhelm Sandbrink
- Department of Neurology, Washington DC Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
- Department of Neurology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Kenneth Schmader
- Department of Medicine-Geriatrics, Center for the Study of Aging, Duke University Medical Center, and Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Lee Simon
- SDG, LLC, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | | | - Christin Veasley
- Chronic Pain Research Alliance, North Kingstown, RI, United States
| | - Jan Vollert
- Pain Research, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Division of Neurological Pain Research and Therapy, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Germany
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
- Neurophysiology, Mannheim Center of Translational Neuroscience (MCTN), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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Quinn PD, Chang Z, Pujol TA, Bair MJ, Gibbons RD, Kroenke K, D'Onofrio BM. Association between prescribed opioid dose and risk of motor vehicle crashes. Pain 2023; 164:e228-e236. [PMID: 36155384 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Opioid-involved motor vehicle traffic fatalities have increased over the past 2 decades. However, the extent to which prescribed opioids increase the risk of motor vehicle crashes remains uncertain. This study used real-world healthcare claims data to examine the association between prescription opioid dose and motor vehicle crash risk. Using nationwide US commercial insurance claims data for 2010 to 2018, we identified 772,404 adults who received incident, noncancer opioid therapy. We examined associations between daily prescription opioid dose, calculated in morphine milligram equivalents (MME) from filled prescription claims, and risk of motor vehicle crashes, assessed as diagnoses of motor vehicle injuries in claims for emergency visits, inpatient hospitalizations, and ambulance transportation. We estimated associations using a within-individual design, which ruled out all time-stable confounding. We complemented the design with time-varying statistical adjustment for other pharmacotherapies and a negative control pain pharmacotherapy analysis (with incident cyclic antidepressant prescriptions). During 2,150,009 person-years of follow-up, there were 12,123 motor vehicle crashes (5.64 crashes per 1000 person-years). In within-individual comparisons, crash risk was greater during opioid prescription periods involving doses ≤60 MME/day (odds ratio [OR], 3.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.54, 4.21), >60 to 120 MME/day (OR, 5.46; 95% CI, 4.44, 6.73), and >120 MME/day (OR, 3.45; 95% CI, 2.31, 5.15) than during off-treatment periods. The negative control analysis supported the specificity of the results to opioids rather than to other processes associated with pharmacologic pain management. These findings suggest that the receipt of prescription opioids, even at doses ≤60 MME/day, is associated with an increased risk of motor vehicle crashes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick D Quinn
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Zheng Chang
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Matthew J Bair
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Robert D Gibbons
- Center for Health Statistics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kurt Kroenke
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Brian M D'Onofrio
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
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8
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Jones KF, Bair MJ, Orris SM, Johnson M, Liebschutz JM, Demonte W, Clay OJ, Durr AL, Farel CE, Agil D, Burkholder G, Johnson B, Conder K, Leone M, Napravnik S, Thomas T, Browne L, King K, Mullen L, Merlin J. Evaluation of the efficacy and mechanisms of a novel intervention for chronic pain tailored to people with HIV: The STOMP protocol. Contemp Clin Trials 2023; 129:107163. [PMID: 36958702 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2023.107163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Behavioral interventions for chronic pain among people with HIV (PWH) are understudied, with great potential to improve pain and function. Chronic pain is an important comorbidity that affects between 30% and 85% of PWH and is associated with greater odds of functional impairment, increased emergency room utilization, suboptimal retention in HIV care, and failure to achieve virologic suppression. However, to date, there are few effective and scalable interventions for chronic pain in PWH. OBJECTIVE This manuscript outlines the protocol for a randomized control trial of a novel theory-based pain self-management intervention, "Skills TO Manage Pain" (STOMP), developed for and tailored to PWH versus enhanced usual care controls. STOMP is a 12-week intervention developed from prior work on pain self-management in PWH and rigorous intervention mapping. The STOMP intervention has three major components: group sessions, one-on-one pain self-management sessions, and peer leaders. METHODS STOMP is a 2-arm randomized trial conducted with PWH with chronic pain. The trial compares STOMP, a theory-based intervention tailored to improving chronic pain in PWH, with a comparison group receiving enhanced usual care effectiveness on pain and HIV proximal outcome measures. The proposed sample size is 280 PWH recruited from two high-volume Center for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems clinical sites. RESULTS Study procedures are ongoing, and results will be recorded in future manuscripts. CONCLUSION The study will generate evidence on the effectiveness of STOMP with the potential to dramatically change chronic pain treatment for PWH. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicialtrials.gov, Clinical Trials Registration # NCT03692611https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03692611?term=STOMP&cond=Hiv&draw=2&rank=1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Fitzgerald Jones
- Center for Aging and Serious Illness, Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Matthew J Bair
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sarah Margaret Orris
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mallory Johnson
- Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jane M Liebschutz
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Olivio J Clay
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Amy L Durr
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Claire E Farel
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Deana Agil
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Greer Burkholder
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Bernadette Johnson
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kendall Conder
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Mireille Leone
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sonia Napravnik
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tammi Thomas
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Lindsay Browne
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kiko King
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - LaToya Mullen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Center for AIDS Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jessica Merlin
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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9
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Clark JD, Bair MJ, Belitskaya-Lévy I, Fitzsimmons C, Zehm LM, Dougherty PE, Giannitrapani KF, Groessl EJ, Higgins DM, Murphy JL, Riddle DL, Huang GD, Shih MC. Sequential and Comparative Evaluation of Pain Treatment Effectiveness Response (SCEPTER), a pragmatic trial for conservative chronic low back pain treatment. Contemp Clin Trials 2023; 125:107041. [PMID: 36496154 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2022.107041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic low back pain (cLBP) is a common and highly disabling problem world-wide. Although many treatment options exist, it is unclear how to best sequence the multitude of care options to provide the greatest benefit to patients. METHODS The Sequential and Comparative Evaluation of Pain Treatment Effectiveness Response (SCEPTER) trial uses a pragmatic, randomized, stepped design. Enrollment targets 2529 participants from 20 Veterans Affairs (VA) medical centers. Participants with chronic low back pain will first be randomized to one of three options: 1) an internet-based self-management program (Pain EASE); 2) a tailored physical therapy program (Enhanced PT); or 3) continued care with active monitoring (CCAM), a form of usual care. Participants not achieving a 30% or 2-point reduction on the study's primary outcome (Brief Pain Inventory Pain Interference (BPI-PI) subscale), 3 months after beginning treatment may undergo re-randomization in a second step to cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic pain, spinal manipulation therapy, or yoga. Secondary outcomes include pain intensity, back pain-related disability, depression, and others. Participants will be assessed every three months until 12 months after initiating their final trial therapy. Companion economic and implementation analyses are also planned. RESULTS The SCEPTER trial is currently recruiting and enrolling participants. CONCLUSIONS Trial results will inform treatment decisions for the stepped management of chronic low back pain - a common and disabling condition. Additional analyses will help tailor treatment selection to individual patient characteristics, promote efficient resource use, and identify implementation barriers of interventions. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT04142177.
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Affiliation(s)
- J David Clark
- Anesthesiology Service, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Matthew J Bair
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Ilana Belitskaya-Lévy
- VA Cooperative Studies Program Coordinating Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - Lisa M Zehm
- VA Cooperative Studies Program Coordinating Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Paul E Dougherty
- VA Finger Lakes Health Care System, Canandaigua, NY, USA; Northeast College of Health Sciences, Seneca Falls, NY, USA
| | - Karleen F Giannitrapani
- Center for Innovation to Implementation (Ci2i), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, CA, USA; Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Erik J Groessl
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA; Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Diana M Higgins
- Durham VA Healthcare System Duram, NC, USA; Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer L Murphy
- Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), Specialty Care Program Office, Director of Pain Management, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Daniel L Riddle
- Departments of Physical Therapy, Orthopedic Surgery and Rheumatology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Grant D Huang
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Mei-Chiung Shih
- VA Cooperative Studies Program Coordinating Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Mountain View, CA, USA
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10
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Bushey MA, Slaven JE, Outcalt SD, Kroenke K, Kempf C, Froman A, Sargent C, Baecher B, Zillich AJ, Damush TM, Saha C, French DD, Bair MJ. Effect of Medication Optimization vs Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Among US Veterans With Chronic Low Back Pain Receiving Long-term Opioid Therapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2242533. [PMID: 36394874 PMCID: PMC9672973 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.42533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Medication management and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) are commonly used treatments for chronic low back pain (CLBP). However, little evidence is available comparing the effectiveness of these approaches. OBJECTIVE To compare collaborative care medication optimization vs CBT on pain intensity, interference, and other pain-related outcomes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The Care Management for the Effective Use of Opioids (CAMEO) trial was a 12-month, comparative effectiveness randomized clinical trial with blinded outcome assessment. Recruitment of veterans with CLBP prescribed long-term opioids occurred at 7 Veterans Affairs primary care clinics from September 1, 2011, to December 31, 2014, and follow-up was completed December 31, 2015. Analyses were based on intention to treat in all randomized participants and were performed from March 22, 2015, to November 1, 2021. INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomized to receive either collaborative care with nurse care manager-delivered medication optimization (MED group) (n = 131) or psychologist-delivered CBT (CBT group) (n = 130) for 6 months, with check-in visits at 9 months and final outcome assessment at 12 months. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was change in Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) total score, a composite of the pain intensity and interference subscales at 6 (treatment completion) and 12 (follow-up completion) months. Scores on the BPI range from 0 to 10, with higher scores representing greater pain impact and a 30% improvement considered a clinically meaningful treatment response. Secondary outcomes included pain-related disability, pain catastrophizing, self-reported substance misuse, health-related quality of life, depression, and anxiety. RESULTS A total of 261 patients (241 [92.3%] men; mean [SD] age, 57.9 [9.5] years) were randomized and included in the analysis. Baseline mean (SD) BPI scores in the MED and CBT groups were 6.45 (1.79) and 6.49 (1.67), respectively. Improvements in BPI scores were significantly greater in the MED group at 12 months (between-group difference, -0.54 [95% CI, -1.18 to -0.31]; P = .04) but not at 6 months (between-group difference, -0.46 [95% CI, -0.94 to 0.11]; P = .07). Secondary outcomes did not differ significantly between treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this randomized clinical trial among US veterans with CLBP who were prescribed long-term opioid therapy, collaborative care medication optimization was modestly more effective than CBT in reducing pain impact during the 12-month study. However, this difference may not be clinically meaningful or generalize to nonveteran populations. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01236521.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Bushey
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - James E. Slaven
- Department of Biostatistics and Heath Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - Samantha D. Outcalt
- Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Services Research & Development Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Kurt Kroenke
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
- Regenstrief Institute, Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Carol Kempf
- Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Services Research & Development Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Amanda Froman
- Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Services Research & Development Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Christy Sargent
- Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Services Research & Development Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Brad Baecher
- Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Services Research & Development Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Alan J. Zillich
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Purdue University College of Pharmacy, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Teresa M. Damush
- Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Services Research & Development Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
- Regenstrief Institute, Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Chandan Saha
- Department of Biostatistics and Heath Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - Dustin D. French
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Center for Health Services and Outcomes Research, Chicago, Illinois
- Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Jr VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois
| | - Matthew J. Bair
- Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Services Research & Development Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
- Regenstrief Institute, Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana
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11
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Story KM, Bravata DM, Robb SL, Wasmuth S, Slaven JE, Whitmire L, Barker B, Menen T, Bair MJ. Feasibility and Acceptability of Music Imagery and Listening Interventions for Analgesia: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 11:e38788. [PMID: 36136377 PMCID: PMC9539652 DOI: 10.2196/38788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic pain and access to care are identified as critical needs of the Veterans Health Administration. Music imagery and music listening interventions have shown promise as effective nonpharmacological options for pain management. However, most studies have focused on acute pain, passive music experiences, and in-person delivery. Objective In this study, we aimed to examine the feasibility and acceptability of 2 music interventions delivered through telehealth for chronic musculoskeletal pain, trial design, and theoretical model before conducting a fully powered efficacy or comparative effectiveness trial. Methods FAMILIA (Feasibility and Acceptability of Music Imagery and Listening Interventions for Analgesia) is a 3-arm, parallel group, pilot trial. A total of 60 veterans will be randomized to one of the three conditions: music imagery, music listening, or usual care. Aim 1 is to test the feasibility and acceptability of a multicomponent, interactive music imagery intervention (8-weekly, individual sessions) and a single-component, minimally interactive music learning intervention (independent music listening). Feasibility metrics related to recruitment, retention, engagement, and completion of the treatment protocol and questionnaires will be assessed. Up to 20 qualitative interviews will be conducted to assess veteran experiences with both interventions, including perceived benefits, acceptability, barriers, and facilitators. Interview transcripts will be coded and analyzed for emergent themes. Aim 2 is to explore the effects of music imagery and music listening versus usual care on pain and associated patient-centered outcomes. These outcomes and potential mediators will be explored through changes from baseline to follow-up assessments at 1, 3, and 4 months. Descriptive statistics will be used to describe outcomes; this pilot study is not powered to detect differences in outcomes. Results Recruitment for FAMILIA began in March 2022, and as of July 2022, 16 participants have been enrolled. We anticipate that enrollment will be completed by May 2023. We expect that music imagery and music listening will prove acceptable to veterans and that feasibility benchmarks will be reached. We hypothesize that music imagery and music listening will be more effective than usual care on pain and related outcomes. Conclusions FAMILIA addresses four limitations in music intervention research for chronic pain: limited studies in veterans, evaluation of a multicomponent music intervention, methodological rigor, and internet-based delivery. Findings from FAMILIA will inform a fully powered trial to identify putative mechanisms and test efficacy. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05426941; https://tinyurl.com/3jdhx28u International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/38788
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M Story
- Center for Health Information and Communication (CHIC), Health Services Research & Development (HSRD), Richard L Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Dawn M Bravata
- Center for Health Information and Communication (CHIC), Health Services Research & Development (HSRD), Richard L Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Expanding Expertise through E-health Network Development (EXTEND) Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI), Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development (HSR&D), Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Regenstrief Institute Inc, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Sheri L Robb
- Indiana University School of Nursing, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Sally Wasmuth
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Indiana University School of Health and Human Sciences, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - James E Slaven
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Leah Whitmire
- Creative Forces, National Endowment for the Arts, Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Barry Barker
- Center for Health Information and Communication (CHIC), Health Services Research & Development (HSRD), Richard L Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Tetla Menen
- Center for Health Information and Communication (CHIC), Health Services Research & Development (HSRD), Richard L Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Matthew J Bair
- Center for Health Information and Communication (CHIC), Health Services Research & Development (HSRD), Richard L Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Regenstrief Institute Inc, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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12
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Leung T, Burgess DJ, Rollins AL, Patterson S, Damush T, Bair MJ, Salyers MP, Spoont M, Slaven JE, O'Connor C, Walker K, Zou DS, Austin E, Akins J, Miller J, Chinman M, Matthias MS. Proactive, Recovery-Oriented Treatment Navigation to Engage Racially Diverse Veterans in Mental Healthcare (PARTNER-MH), a Peer-Led Patient Navigation Intervention for Racially and Ethnically Minoritized Veterans in Veterans Health Administration Mental Health Services: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Randomized Controlled Feasibility Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 11:e37712. [PMID: 36066967 PMCID: PMC9490546 DOI: 10.2196/37712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health care disparities are persistent and have increased in recent years. Compared with their White counterparts, members of racially and ethnically minoritized groups have less access to mental health care. Minoritized groups also have lower engagement in mental health treatment and are more likely to experience ineffective patient-provider communication, which contribute to negative mental health care experiences and poor mental health outcomes. Interventions that embrace recovery-oriented practices to support patient engagement and empower patients to participate in their mental health care and treatment decisions may help reduce mental health care disparities. Designed to achieve this goal, the Proactive, Recovery-Oriented Treatment Navigation to Engage Racially Diverse Veterans in Mental Healthcare (PARTNER-MH) is a peer-led patient navigation intervention that aims to engage minoritized patients in mental health treatment, support them to play a greater role in their care, and facilitate their participation in shared treatment decision-making. OBJECTIVE The primary aim of this study is to assess the feasibility and acceptability of PARTNER-MH delivered to patients over 6 months. The second aim is to evaluate the preliminary effects of PARTNER-MH on patient activation, patient engagement, and shared decision-making. The third aim is to examine patient-perceived barriers to and facilitators of engagement in PARTNER-MH as well as contextual factors that may inhibit or promote the integration, sustainability, and scalability of PARTNER-MH using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. METHODS This pilot study evaluates the feasibility and acceptability of PARTNER-MH in a Veterans Health Administration (VHA) mental health setting using a mixed methods, randomized controlled trial study design. PARTNER-MH is tested under real-world conditions using certified VHA peer specialists (peers) selected through usual VHA hiring practices and assigned to the mental health service line. Peers provide PARTNER-MH and usual peer support services. The study compares the impact of PARTNER-MH versus a wait-list control group on patient activation, patient engagement, and shared decision-making as well as other patient-level outcomes. PARTNER-MH also examines organizational factors that could impact its future implementation in VHA settings. RESULTS Participants (N=50) were Veterans who were mostly male (n=31, 62%) and self-identified as non-Hispanic (n=44, 88%) and Black (n=35, 70%) with a median age of 45 to 54 years. Most had at least some college education, and 32% (16/50) had completed ≥4 years of college. Randomization produced comparable groups in terms of characteristics and outcome measures at baseline, except for sex. CONCLUSIONS Rather than simply documenting health disparities among vulnerable populations, PARTNER-MH offers opportunities to evaluate a tailored, culturally sensitive, system-based intervention to improve patient engagement and patient-provider communication in mental health care for racially and ethnically minoritized individuals. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04515771; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04515771. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/37712.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diana J Burgess
- Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, Minneapolis VA Healthcare System, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Angela L Rollins
- Center for Health Information and Communication, Health Services Research & Development, Richard L Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Scott Patterson
- Department of Psychiatry, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Teresa Damush
- Center for Health Information and Communication, Health Services Research & Development, Richard L Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Matthew J Bair
- Center for Health Information and Communication, Health Services Research & Development, Richard L Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Michelle P Salyers
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Michele Spoont
- Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, Minneapolis VA Healthcare System, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - James E Slaven
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Caitlin O'Connor
- Center for Health Information and Communication, Health Services Research & Development, Richard L Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Kiara Walker
- Center for Health Information and Communication, Health Services Research & Development, Richard L Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Denise S Zou
- Center for Health Information and Communication, Health Services Research & Development, Richard L Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Emily Austin
- Center for Health Information and Communication, Health Services Research & Development, Richard L Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - John Akins
- Department of Psychiatry, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - James Miller
- Department of Psychiatry, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Matthew Chinman
- Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, VA Pittsburgh Health Care, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,RAND Corporation Pittsburgh Office, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Marianne S Matthias
- Center for Health Information and Communication, Health Services Research & Development, Richard L Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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13
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Matthias MS, Adams J, Burgess D, Daggy J, Eliacin J, Flores P, Hirsh AT, Myers LJ, Perkins AJ, Menen T, Philip Procento, Rand KL, Salyers MP, Shanahan ML, Bair MJ. Corrigendum to: Communication and Activation in Pain to Enhance Relationships and Treat Pain with Equity (COOPERATE): Rationale, study design, methods, and sample characteristics (Contemporary Clinical Trials, volume 118, article number 106790). Contemp Clin Trials 2022; 120:106883. [PMID: 35999166 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2022.106883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marianne S Matthias
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America.
| | - Jasma Adams
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Diana Burgess
- Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America; Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Joanne Daggy
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Johanne Eliacin
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Perla Flores
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Adam T Hirsh
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Laura J Myers
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Anthony J Perkins
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Tetla Menen
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Philip Procento
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Kevin L Rand
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Michelle P Salyers
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Mackenzie L Shanahan
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Matthew J Bair
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
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Allsop VL, Schmid AA, Miller KK, Slaven JE, Daggy JK, Froman A, Kline M, Sargent C, French DD, Ang D, Van Puymbroeck M, Schalk NL, Bair MJ. The Pain Outcomes Comparing Yoga vs. Structured Exercise (POYSE) Trial in Veterans With Fibromyalgia: Study Design and Methods. Front Pain Res 2022; 3:934689. [PMID: 35875477 PMCID: PMC9300933 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2022.934689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundFibromyalgia is a common pain condition that often leads to significant disability. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of most medications for fibromyalgia is limited, and there is a need for alternative, non-pharmacological therapies. Yoga and aerobic exercise are both evidence-based non-pharmacological treatments for fibromyalgia. However, no prior studies have directly compared the effectiveness of yoga vs. exercise.ObjectiveThis article describes the study design and recruitment outcomes of the Pain Outcomes comparing Yoga vs. Structured Exercise (POYSE) Trial, a two-arm randomized comparative effectiveness trial.MethodsVeterans with fibromyalgia, defined by the 2010 American College of Rheumatology diagnostic criteria, who also experienced at least moderate pain severity were enrolled. The participants were randomized to a 12-week yoga-based or a structured exercise program (SEP) and will undergo comprehensive outcome assessments at baseline, 1, 3, 6, and 9 months by interviewers blinded to treatment assignment. The primary outcome will be the overall severity of fibromyalgia as measured by the total Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire-Revised. Secondary outcomes included depression, anxiety, health-related quality of life, pain beliefs, fatigue, sleep, and self-efficacy.ResultsA total of 2,671 recruitment letters were sent to potential participants with fibromyalgia. Of the potential participants, 623 (23.3%) were able to be contacted by telephone and had their eligibility assessed. Three hundred seventy-one of those interviewed were found to be eligible (59.6%) and 256 (69.0%) agreed to participate and were randomized to the YOGA (n = 129) or the SEP (n = 127) arm of the trial.ConclusionsClinicians are faced with numerous challenges in treating patients with fibromyalgia. The interventions being tested in the POYSE trial have the potential to provide primary care and other care settings with new treatment options for clinicians while simultaneously providing a much needed relief for patients suffering from fibromyalgia.Trial RegistrationFunded by VA Rehabilitation Research and Development (D1100-R); Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01797263.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivianne L. Allsop
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Arlene A. Schmid
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Kristine K. Miller
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Human Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - James E. Slaven
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Joanne K. Daggy
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Amanda Froman
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Matthew Kline
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Christy Sargent
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Dustin D. French
- Department of Ophthalmology and Center for Health Services and Outcomes Research, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Health Services Research and Development Service, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Dennis Ang
- Section of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Marieke Van Puymbroeck
- Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management, School of Health Research, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | - Nancy L. Schalk
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Matthew J. Bair
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, United States
- *Correspondence: Matthew J. Bair ;
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15
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Matthias MS, Adams J, Burgess DJ, Daggy J, Eliacin J, Flores P, Hirsh AT, Myers LJ, Perkins AJ, Menen T, Procento P, Rand KL, Salyers MP, Shanahan ML, Bair MJ. Communication and Activation in Pain to Enhance Relationships and Treat Pain with Equity (COOPERATE): Rationale, study design, methods, and sample characteristics. Contemp Clin Trials 2022; 118:106790. [PMID: 35568376 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2022.106790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pain is associated with profound negative effects, and racial disparities are well-documented in chronic pain treatment. In addition, Black patients report poorer communication with providers and exhibit lower levels of patient activation (self-management self-efficacy) than White patients. Although the causes of healthcare disparities are complex and require intervention at multiple levels, empowering patients is one critical path to achieving health equity. The current study is a coaching intervention focused on increasing patient activation and building communication skills for Black patients with chronic pain. METHODS In this randomized controlled trial, 250 Black patients with chronic pain were randomized to either the coaching intervention or an attention control arm. Intervention patients attended 6 telephone-delivered individual coaching sessions over 12 weeks. Coaching focused on clarifying and prioritizing goals and on communication skills, such as agenda setting. The primary outcome is patient activation. Secondary outcomes include communication self-efficacy, pain intensity and interference, and psychological functioning. DISCUSSION Having the knowledge and confidence to participate in one's pain care, coupled with the skills needed to effectively communicate with providers, is essential to optimize chronic pain care. This is particularly important for Black patients who often experience lower quality pain care. Interventions such as COOPERATE hold promise for helping patients to acquire the requisite tools to take greater control of their chronic pain care. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov, # NCT03562793.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne S Matthias
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America.
| | - Jasma Adams
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Diana J Burgess
- Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America; Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Joanne Daggy
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Johanne Eliacin
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Perla Flores
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Adam T Hirsh
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Laura J Myers
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Anthony J Perkins
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Tetla Menen
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Philip Procento
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Kevin L Rand
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Michelle P Salyers
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Mackenzie L Shanahan
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Matthew J Bair
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
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16
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Munk N, Daggy JK, Evans E, Kline M, Slaven JE, Laws B, Foote T, Matthias MS, Bair MJ. Therapist Delivered vs. Care Ally-Assisted Massage for Veterans with Chronic Neck Pain: TOMCATT Study Methods and Modified Design of a Randomized Control Trial (Preprint). JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 11:e38950. [PMID: 36166287 PMCID: PMC9555333 DOI: 10.2196/38950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Niki Munk
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Health and Human Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Massage & Myotherapy Australia Fellow and Visiting Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Joanne K Daggy
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Erica Evans
- Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Center for Health Information and Communication, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Matthew Kline
- Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Center for Health Information and Communication, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - James E Slaven
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Brian Laws
- Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Center for Health Information and Communication, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Trevor Foote
- Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Center for Health Information and Communication, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Marianne S Matthias
- Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Center for Health Information and Communication, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Matthew J Bair
- Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Center for Health Information and Communication, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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17
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Quinn PD, Chang Z, Bair MJ, Rickert ME, Gibbons RD, Kroenke K, D’Onofrio BM. Associations of opioid prescription dose and discontinuation with risk of substance-related morbidity in long-term opioid therapy. Pain 2022; 163:e588-e595. [PMID: 34326295 PMCID: PMC8795234 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Efforts to reduce opioid-related harms have decreased opioid prescription but have provoked concerns about unintended consequences, particularly for long-term opioid therapy (LtOT) recipients. Research is needed to address the knowledge gap regarding how risk of substance-related morbidity changes across LtOT and its discontinuation. This study used nationwide commercial insurance claims data and a within-individual design to examine associations of LtOT dose and discontinuation with substance-related morbidity. We identified 194,839 adolescents and adults who initiated opioid prescription in 2010 to 2018 and subsequently received LtOT. The cohort was followed for a median of 965 days (interquartile range, 525-1550), of which a median of 176 days (119-332) were covered by opioid prescription. During follow-up, there were 17,582 acute substance-related morbidity events, defined as claims for emergency visits, inpatient hospitalizations, and ambulance transportation with substance use disorder or overdose diagnoses. Relative to initial treatment, risk was greater within individual during subsequent periods of >60 to 120 (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.29; 95% CI, 1.12 to 1.49) and >120 (OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.24-1.76) daily morphine milligram equivalents. Risk was also greater during days 1 to 30 after discontinuations than during initial treatment (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.05-1.35). However, it was no greater than during the 30 days before discontinuations, indicating that the risk may not be wholly attributable to discontinuation itself. Results were supported by a negative control pharmacotherapy analysis and additional sensitivity analyses. They suggest that LtOT recipients may experience increased substance-related morbidity risk during treatment subsequent to initial opioid prescription, particularly in periods involving higher doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick D. Quinn
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Zheng Chang
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matthew J. Bair
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Martin E. Rickert
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Robert D. Gibbons
- Center for Health Statistics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kurt Kroenke
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Brian M. D’Onofrio
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana
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18
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Reuman L, Solar C, MacLean RR, Halat AM, Rajeevan H, Williams DA, Heapy AA, Bair MJ, Krein SL, Kerns RD, Higgins DM. If you personalize it, will they use it?: Self-reported and observed use of a tailored, internet-based pain self-management program. Transl Behav Med 2022; 12:693-701. [PMID: 35192703 PMCID: PMC9154266 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibab165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about how individuals with chronic pain use tailored internet-based interventions. This study is the first to compare self-reported skill module use to observed module access and to examine each of these in relationship to tailored recommendations to access specific content. Participants (N = 58) enrolled in a 10-week trial of the Pain EASE program, a tailored internet-based intervention that includes 10 pain self-management skill modules. Participants completed a "Self-Assessment," which was used to provide a "Personalized Plan" that encouraged accessing specific modules. Participants self-reported module use during weekly data collection telephone calls. Program log data were extracted to capture "observed" module use during the trial period. Findings indicated significantly greater self-reported use of the Pain EASE modules compared to observed access with log data. Further, log data revealed that participants accessed less than half of the modules recommended to them via tailoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian Reuman
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA,Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - R Ross MacLean
- Pain Research, Informatics, Multimorbidities and Education (PRIME) Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA,Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | | | - Alicia A Heapy
- Pain Research, Informatics, Multimorbidities and Education (PRIME) Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA,Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Matthew J Bair
- VA Center for Health Information and Communication (CHIC), Indianapolis, IN, USA,Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA,Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sarah L Krein
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,VA Ann Arbor Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Robert D Kerns
- Pain Research, Informatics, Multimorbidities and Education (PRIME) Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA,Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Diana M Higgins
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA,Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA,Correspondence to: DM Higgins, ,
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19
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McGuire A, Matthias MS, Kukla M, Henry N, Carter J, Flanagan M, Bair MJ, Murphy JL. A National Survey of Patient Completion of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Pain: The Role of Therapist Characteristics, Attempt Rates, and Modification. Prof Psychol Res Pr 2022; 52:542-550. [PMID: 35095180 DOI: 10.1037/pro0000399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The implementation of evidence-based psychotherapies, including patient-level measures such as penetration and rates of successfully completing a course of therapy, has received increasing attention. While much attention has been paid to the effect of patient-level factors on implementation, relatively little attention has been paid to therapist factors (e.g., professional training, experience). Objective The current study explores therapists' decisions to offer a particular evidence-based psychotherapy (cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic pain; CBT-CP), whether and how they modify CBT-CP, and the relationship between these decisions and patient completion rates. Methods The study utilized survey responses from 141 Veterans Affairs therapists certified in CBT-CP. Results Therapists reported attempting CBT-CP with a little less than one half of their patients with chronic pain (mean = 48.8%, s.d.=35.7). Therapist were generally split between reporting modifying CBT-CP for either very few or most of their patients. After controlling for therapist characteristics and modification, therapist-reported percentage of patients with attempted CBT-CP was positively associated with completion rates, t (111) = 4.57, p<.001. Conclusions Therapists who attempt CBT-CP more frequently may experience better completion rates, perhaps due to practice effects or contextual factors that support both attempts and completion. Future research should examine this relationship using objective measures of attempt rates and completion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan McGuire
- Clinical Research Psychologist at the Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center in the HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication and an Associate Research Professor in the Department of Psychology at Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis
| | - Marianne S Matthias
- Research Scientist at the Roudebush VA Medical Center and Regenstrief Institute in Indianapolis, IN, and Associate Research Professor in the Department of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics at the Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Marina Kukla
- Research Scientist and Clinical Psychologist at the Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center in the HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication and an Associate Research Professor in the Department of Psychology at Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis
| | - Nancy Henry
- project manager for the Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center in the HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication and the Department of Psychology at Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis
| | - Jessica Carter
- research assistant for the Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center in the HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication
| | - Mindy Flanagan
- Senior Research Scientist at Parkview Health and Research Consultant at Richard L. Roudebush VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication
| | - Matthew J Bair
- Research Scientist for the Richard L. Roudebush VA Health Services Research and Development Center for Health Information and Communication, Staff Physician at Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, and Regenstrief Research Scientist
| | - Jennifer L Murphy
- Director of Behavioral Pain Medicine for the Veterans Health Administration and is Master Trainer for VA's Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Pain (CBT-CP). Dr. Murphy is Associate Professor in the University of South Florida's Morsani College of Medicine and serves on the editorial board of Pain Medicine
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20
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Guo MY, Crump RT, Karimuddin AA, Liu G, Bair MJ, Sutherland JM. Prioritization and surgical wait lists: A cross-sectional survey of patient's health-related quality of life. Health Policy 2021; 126:99-105. [PMID: 34991899 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In many countries, there are waits for elective (planned) surgery. In these settings, processes for triaging patients are applied to determine how long patients wait for their surgery. There are very few instances that evaluate the effectiveness of surgical triage processes. METHODS A sample of patients from four acute care hospitals in Vancouver, Canada, completed a number of patient-reported outcomes shortly after being registered on the surgical wait list. Patients' diagnosis was used to triage and determine their expected wait for surgery. The associations between patient-reported outcomes with surgical triage were measured. RESULTS The mean wait times for participants were similar across wait times categories. Participants whose expected waits for surgery were the longest reported successively lower levels of self-rated health (p < 0.01) and successively higher levels of pain (p < 0.01.) There was no difference in symptoms of anxiety among participants expected to wait the longest. DISCUSSION The diagnosis-based system for prioritizing patients found higher levels of pain and lower health status among those expected to wait the longest for their surgery. Screening waiting patients for treatable mental health conditions should be implemented and the process of surgical triage could be redesigned to allow for a broader set of attributes of health to determine how long a patient waits for their elective surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Y Guo
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - R Trafford Crump
- Department of Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ahmer A Karimuddin
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Guiping Liu
- Centre for Health Services and Policy Research, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Matthew J Bair
- VA Center for Health Information and Communication, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Jason M Sutherland
- Centre for Health Services and Policy Research, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 201-2206 East Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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21
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Burgess DJ, Vallone D, Bair MJ, Matthias MS, Taylor BC, Taylor SL. Shifting the National Consciousness about Pain Treatment: The Critical Need for a National Public Education Campaign. J Pain 2021; 22:1129-1133. [PMID: 33945848 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2021.03.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The failure of past practices and policies related to opioid prescribing for chronic pain has led federal agencies and professional organizations to recommend multimodal approaches that prioritize evidence-based nonpharmacological pain treatments (NPTs). These multimodal approaches, which include both traditional and complementary/integrative approaches, hold great promise for reducing the burden of chronic pain and reducing opioid use. Unfortunately, NPT approaches are underutilized due to a daunting array of interrelated barriers including the public's attitudes and beliefs about chronic pain and its treatment. Given the dual crises of chronic pain and opioid use, there is a critical need for a national public health campaign on chronic pain and its treatment to help educate the American public about NPT pain management options, while countering the misleading messages promulgated by the pharmaceutical industry, including but not limited to messages promoting the broad use of prescription opioids and minimizing its risks. Despite these dual crises of chronic pain and opioid use in the U.S., there has never been a concerted effort to broadly educate the American public about these issues and NPT pain management options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana J Burgess
- VA HSR&D Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, Minneapolis VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota; University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis, Minnesota.
| | - Donna Vallone
- Schroeder Institute, Truth Initiative, Washington, DC; Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY
| | - Matthew J Bair
- Center for Health Information and Communication, Indianapolis VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN; Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Marianne S Matthias
- Center for Health Information and Communication, Indianapolis VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN; Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN; Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Brent C Taylor
- VA HSR&D Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, Minneapolis VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota; University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Stephanie L Taylor
- Center for the Study of Healthcare Innovation, Implementation and Policy, Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California; Departments of Medicine and Health Policy and Management, UCLA, Los Angeles; California
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22
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Bushey MA, Wu J, Outcalt SD, Krebs EE, Ang D, Kline M, Yu Z, Bair MJ. Opioid use as a predictor of pain outcomes in Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans with chronic pain: Analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Pain Med 2021; 22:2964-2970. [PMID: 34411252 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnab237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our objectives were to: 1) assess the relationship between self-reported opioid use and baseline demographics, clinical characteristics and pain outcomes; and 2) examine whether baseline opioid use moderated the intervention effect on outcomes at 9 months. DESIGN We conducted a secondary analysis of data from the Evaluation of Stepped Care for Chronic Pain (ESCAPE) trial, which found stepped-care to be effective for chronic pain in military veterans. SETTING A post-deployment clinic and 5 general medicine clinics at a Veteran Affairs Medical Center. SUBJECTS 241 veterans with chronic musculoskeletal pain; 220 with complete data at 9 months. METHODS Examination of baseline relationships and multivariable linear regression to examine baseline opioid use as a moderator of pain-related outcomes including Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Interference scale, and Graded Chronic Pain Scale (GCPS) at 9 months. RESULTS Veterans reporting baseline opioid use (n = 80) had significantly worse RMDQ (16.0 ± 4.9 vs. 13.4 ± 4.2, P < 0.0001), GCPS (68.7 ± 12.0 vs. 65.0 ± 14.4, p = 0.049), BPI Interference (6.2 ± 2.2 vs. 5.0 ± 2.1, P < 0.0001), and depression (PHQ-9 12.5 ± 6.2 vs. 10.6 ± 5.7, p = 0.016) compared to veterans not reporting baseline opioid use. Using multivariable modeling we found that baseline opioid use moderated the intervention effect on pain-related disability (RMDQ) at 9 months (interaction Beta = -3.88, p = 0.0064), but not pain intensity or interference. CONCLUSIONS In a stepped-care trial for pain, patients reporting baseline opioid use had greater improvement in pain disability at 9 months compared to patients not reporting opioid use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Bushey
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Jingwei Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Temple University College of Public Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Samantha D Outcalt
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Erin E Krebs
- Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Dennis Ang
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew Kline
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Zhangsheng Yu
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Matthew J Bair
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Indiana University School of Medicine; Department of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Solar C, Halat AM, MacLean RR, Rajeevan H, Williams DA, Krein SL, Heapy AA, Bair MJ, Kerns RD, Higgins DM. Predictors of engagement in an internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy program for veterans with chronic low back pain. Transl Behav Med 2021; 11:1274-1282. [PMID: 33098304 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibaa098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Internet-based interventions for chronic pain have demonstrated efficacy and may address access barriers to care. Participant characteristics have been shown to affect engagement with these programs; however, limited information is available about the relationship between participant characteristics and engagement with internet-based programs for self-management of chronic pain. The current study examined relationships between demographic and clinical characteristics and engagement with the Pain EASE program, a self-directed, internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy intervention for veterans with chronic low back pain (cLBP). Veterans with cLBP were enrolled in a 10 week trial of the Pain EASE program. Engagement measures included the number of logins, access to coping skill modules, and completed study staff-initiated weekly check-in calls. Regression analyses were conducted to identify significant predictors of engagement from hypothesized predictors (e.g., race/ethnicity, age, depressive symptom severity, and pain interference). Participants (N = 58) were 93% male, 60.3% identified as White, and had a mean age of 54.5 years. Participants logged into the program a median of 3.5 times, accessed a median of 2 skill modules, and attended a median of 6 check-in calls. Quantile regression revealed that, at the 50th percentile, non-White-identified participants accessed fewer modules than White-identified participants (p = .019). Increased age was associated with increased module use (p = .001). No clinical characteristics were significantly associated with engagement measures. White-identified race/ethnicity and increased age were associated with greater engagement with the Pain EASE program. Results highlight the importance of defining and increasing engagement in internet-delivered pain care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsey Solar
- Department of Emergency Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA USA
| | - Allison M Halat
- Research Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R Ross MacLean
- Department of Psychology, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Haseena Rajeevan
- Center for Medical Informatics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - David A Williams
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chronic Pain and Fatigue Research Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sarah L Krein
- VA Ann Arbor Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Alicia A Heapy
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Pain, Research, Informatics, Medical comorbidities and Education (PRIME) Center of Innovation, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Matthew J Bair
- Center for Health Information and Communication (CHIC), VA Health Services Research and Development, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine and Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Robert D Kerns
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Diana M Higgins
- Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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24
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Kroenke K, Stump TE, Kean J, Krebs EE, Damush TM, Bair MJ, Monahan PO. Diagnostic operating characteristics of PROMIS scales in screening for depression. J Psychosom Res 2021; 147:110532. [PMID: 34052655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2021.110532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the diagnostic operating characteristics of The Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information Systems (PROMIS) depression scales in screening for major depression. METHODS Interview data from patients enrolled in clinical trials involving patients with chronic pain (2 trials) or post-stroke (1 trial) were analyzed. This included baseline and follow-up interviews in 648 and 586 study patients, respectively. Patients completed PROMIS depression scales of varying lengths (4-item, 6-item, and two 8-item scale versions) as well as the Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item (PHQ-9) depression scale. A Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders (SCID) was administered to establish diagnoses of major depression and any depression. Sensitivity and specificity at various score cutpoints as well as area under the curve (AUC) were calculated. RESULTS PROMIS scales of varying lengths had similar diagnostic operating characteristics. The optimal screening cutpoint for PROMIS raw scores on the 4-, 6-, and 8-item scales was 8, 12, and 16, respectively, which corresponds to a PROMIS T-score of 55. The average sensitivity and specificity of the two PROMIS 8-item scales for major depression across the 3 trials using a T-score cutpoint ≥55 was 0.81 and 0.84, respectively. This was almost identical to 0.81 and 0.82 for the PHQ-9 at its standard cutpoint score ≥ 10. The average AUC for major depression was identical (0.91) for the two PROMIS 8-item scales and PHQ-9, and also similar for any depression (0.87 to 0.89). CONCLUSION PROMIS scales ranging from 4 to 8 items have strong operating characteristics comparable to the PHQ-9 in screening for depression. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT01236521, NCT01583985, NCT01507688.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Kroenke
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Timothy E Stump
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University Fairbanks School of Public Health and School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jacob Kean
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Erin E Krebs
- Center for Chronic Disease Outcomes Research, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, MN, USA; University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Teresa M Damush
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA; VA Health Services Research and Development Center for Health Information and Communication, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Matthew J Bair
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA; VA Health Services Research and Development Center for Health Information and Communication, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Patrick O Monahan
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University Fairbanks School of Public Health and School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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25
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Bushey MA, Ang D, Wu J, Outcalt SD, Krebs EE, Yu Z, Bair MJ. Multifocal Pain as a Predictor of Pain Outcomes in Military Veterans with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Secondary Data Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Pain Med 2021; 22:1503-1510. [PMID: 33594404 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnaa409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine 1) the relationship between multifocal pain and clinical characteristics, including demographics, pain outcomes, somatic symptoms, health-related quality of life, depression, and anxiety, and 2) whether multifocal pain was independently associated with treatment response. METHODS We conducted a secondary data analysis on veterans with chronic pain enrolled in the Evaluation of Stepped Care for Chronic Pain (ESCAPE) trial with complete data at 9 months (n = 222). We examined baseline relationships and used multivariable linear regression to examine whether multifocal pain was independently associated with outcomes that included Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Interference scale and Graded Chronic Pain Scale (GCPS) scores between baseline and 9 months. RESULTS The sample had a mean BPI Interference score of 5.3 ± 2.2 and a mean GCPS score of 65.6 ± 13.7, 55% had significant depression (Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item depression scale [PHQ-9] score of ≥10), and 42% had significant anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale [GAD-7] score of ≥10). Veterans reporting three or more pain sites (the "more diffuse pain" group) had significantly less improvement on GCPS (b = 4.6, standard error [SE] = 2.3, P = 0.045), BPI Interference (b = 1.0, SE = 0.2, P = 0.0011), and health-related quality of life (Short-Form 36-item scale, Physical Component Summary) (b = 4.1, SE = 1.0, P < 0.0001) than did veterans reporting fewer than three pain sites (the "less diffuse pain" group). More diffuse pain was not associated with changes in PHQ-9 or GAD-7 scores. CONCLUSIONS Multifocal pain predicted worse pain outcomes between baseline and 9 months in veterans enrolled in a trial for treating chronic musculoskeletal pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Bushey
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Dennis Ang
- Section of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem,North Carolina,USA
| | - Jingwei Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Temple University College of Public Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Samantha D Outcalt
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Erin E Krebs
- Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Zhangsheng Yu
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Matthew J Bair
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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26
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Koffel E, Kats AM, Kroenke K, Bair MJ, Gravely A, DeRonne B, Donaldson MT, Goldsmith ES, Noorbaloochi S, Krebs EE. Sleep Disturbance Predicts Less Improvement in Pain Outcomes: Secondary Analysis of the SPACE Randomized Clinical Trial. Pain Med 2021; 21:1162-1167. [PMID: 31529104 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnz221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sleep disturbance may limit improvement in pain outcomes if not directly addressed in treatment. Moreover, sleep problems may be exacerbated by opioid therapy. This study examined the effects of baseline sleep disturbance on improvement in pain outcomes using data from the Strategies for Prescribing Analgesics Comparative Effectiveness (SPACE) trial, a pragmatic 12-month randomized trial of opioid vs nonopioid medication therapy. DESIGN Participants with chronic back pain or hip or knee osteoarthritis pain were randomized to either opioid therapy (N = 120) or nonopioid medication therapy (N = 120). METHODS We used mixed models for repeated measures to 1) test whether baseline sleep disturbance scores modified the effect of opioid vs nonopioid treatment on pain outcomes and 2) test baseline sleep disturbance scores as a predictor of less improvement in pain outcomes across both treatment groups. RESULTS The tests for interaction of sleep disturbance by treatment group were not significant. Higher sleep disturbance scores at baseline predicted less improvement in Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) interference (β = 0.058, P = 0.0002) and BPI severity (β = 0.026, P = 0.0164). CONCLUSIONS Baseline sleep disturbance adversely affects pain response to treatment regardless of analgesic regimen. Recognition and treatment of sleep impairments that frequently co-occur with pain may optimize outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Koffel
- Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Allyson M Kats
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Kurt Kroenke
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Matthew J Bair
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical, Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Amy Gravely
- Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Beth DeRonne
- Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | | | - Elizabeth S Goldsmith
- Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Siamak Noorbaloochi
- Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Erin E Krebs
- Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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27
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Kansagara D, Morasco BJ, Iacocca MO, Bair MJ, Hooker ER, Becker WC. Clinician Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice Regarding Cannabis: Results from a National Veterans Health Administration Survey. Pain Med 2021; 21:3180-3186. [PMID: 31909803 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnz322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cannabis is increasingly available and used for medical and recreational purposes, but few studies have assessed provider knowledge, attitudes, and practice regarding cannabis. METHODS We administered a 47-item electronic survey to assess nationwide Veterans Health Administration (VHA) clinician knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and practice regarding patients' use of cannabis. RESULTS We received 249 completed surveys from 39 states and the District of Columbia. Fifty-five percent of respondents were female, 74% were white, and the mean age was 50 years. There were knowledge gaps among a substantial minority of respondents in specific areas: terminology, psychoactive effects of cannabis components, VHA policy, and evidence regarding benefits and harms of cannabis. Most respondents were likely or very likely to plan to taper opioids if urine drug testing was positive for tetra-hydro cannabinol (THC; 73%). A significantly greater proportion of respondents from states in which cannabis is illegal for any purpose (odds ratio [OR] = 4.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.0-10.8) or is recreationally illegal (OR = 5.0, 95% CI = 2.4-10.8) reported being likely or very likely to taper opioids as compared with respondents from states in which cannabis is legal for medical and recreational purposes. CONCLUSIONS Among the sample, we found knowledge gaps, areas of discomfort discussing key aspects of cannabis use with their patients, and variation in practice regarding opioids in patients also using THC. These results suggest a need for more widespread clinician education about cannabis, as well as an opportunity to develop more robust guidance and evidence regarding management of patients using prescription opioids and cannabis concomitantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devan Kansagara
- Center to Improve Veteran Involvement in their Care (CIVIC), VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, Oregon.,Department of Medicine
| | - Benjamin J Morasco
- Center to Improve Veteran Involvement in their Care (CIVIC), VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, Oregon.,Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Megan O Iacocca
- Center to Improve Veteran Involvement in their Care (CIVIC), VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, Oregon
| | - Matthew J Bair
- Department of VA Center for Health Information and Communication, Indiana University School of Medicine and Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Elizabeth R Hooker
- Center to Improve Veteran Involvement in their Care (CIVIC), VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, Oregon
| | - William C Becker
- Department of Pain Research, Informatics, Multimorbidities, & Education (PRIME) Center of Innovation, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Virginia.,Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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28
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Higgins DM, Buta E, Heapy AA, Driscoll MA, Kerns RD, Masheb R, Becker WC, Hausmann LRM, Bair MJ, Wandner L, Janke EA, Brandt CA, Goulet JL. The Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Pain Intensity Among Veterans with Musculoskeletal Disorders: Findings from the MSD Cohort Study. Pain Med 2021; 21:2563-2572. [PMID: 32186722 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnaa043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and pain intensity among veterans with musculoskeletal disorder diagnoses (MSDs; nontraumatic joint disorder; osteoarthritis; low back, back, and neck pain). SETTING Administrative and electronic health record data from the Veterans Health Administration (VHA). SUBJECTS A national cohort of US military veterans with MSDs in VHA care during 2001-2012 (N = 1,759,338). METHODS These cross-sectional data were analyzed using hurdle negative binomial models of pain intensity as a function of BMI, adjusted for comorbidities and demographics. RESULTS The sample had a mean age of 59.4, 95% were male, 77% were white/Non-Hispanic, 79% were overweight or obese, and 42% reported no pain at index MSD diagnosis. Overall, there was a J-shaped relationship between BMI and pain (nadir = 27 kg/m2), with the severely obese (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2) being most likely to report any pain (OR vs normal weight = 1.23, 95% confidence interval = 1.21-1.26). The association between BMI and pain varied by MSD, with a stronger relationship in the osteoarthritis group and a less pronounced relationship in the back and low back pain groups. CONCLUSIONS There was a high prevalence of overweight/obesity among veterans with MSD. High levels of BMI (>27 kg/m2) were associated with increased odds of pain, most markedly among veterans with osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M Higgins
- Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts.,Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eugenia Buta
- Yale Center for Analytical Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Alicia A Heapy
- Pain Research Informatics Multimorbidities and Education (PRIME) Center of Innovation, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut.,Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Mary A Driscoll
- Pain Research Informatics Multimorbidities and Education (PRIME) Center of Innovation, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut.,Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Robert D Kerns
- Pain Research Informatics Multimorbidities and Education (PRIME) Center of Innovation, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut.,Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Robin Masheb
- Pain Research Informatics Multimorbidities and Education (PRIME) Center of Innovation, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut.,Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - William C Becker
- Pain Research Informatics Multimorbidities and Education (PRIME) Center of Innovation, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut.,Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Leslie R M Hausmann
- Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion (CHERP), Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Matthew J Bair
- Center for Health Information and Communication (CHIC), VA Health Services Research and Development, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana University School of Medicine and Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Laura Wandner
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - E Amy Janke
- University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Cynthia A Brandt
- Pain Research Informatics Multimorbidities and Education (PRIME) Center of Innovation, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut.,Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Joseph L Goulet
- Pain Research Informatics Multimorbidities and Education (PRIME) Center of Innovation, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut.,Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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29
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Kroenke
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA.
- Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Room 221, 1101 W. 10th Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Matthew J Bair
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
- Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Room 221, 1101 W. 10th Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VAMC, Indianapolis, USA
| | - Greg A Sachs
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
- Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Room 221, 1101 W. 10th Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
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30
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Munk N, Nemati D, Benjamin EV, Davies A, Shue S, Bair MJ. Trigger point self-care for chronic neck pain: Pilot and feasibility. Advances in Integrative Medicine 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aimed.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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31
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Kroenke K, Stump TE, Chen CX, Kean J, Damush TM, Bair MJ, Krebs EE, Monahan PO. Responsiveness of PROMIS and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) Depression Scales in three clinical trials. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2021; 19:41. [PMID: 33541362 PMCID: PMC7860196 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-021-01674-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The PROMIS depression scales are reliable and valid measures that have extensive normative data in general population samples. However, less is known about how responsive they are to detect change in clinical settings and how their responsiveness compares to legacy measures. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the responsiveness of the PROMIS and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) depression scales in three separate samples. METHODS We used data from three clinical trials (two in patients with chronic pain and one in stroke survivors) totaling 651 participants. At both baseline and follow-up, participants completed four PROMIS depression fixed-length scales as well as legacy measures: Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item and 2-item scales (PHQ-9 and PHQ-2) and the SF-36 Mental Health scale. We measured global ratings of depression change, both prospectively and retrospectively, as anchors to classify patients as improved, unchanged, or worsened. Responsiveness was assessed with standardized response means, statistical tests comparing change groups, and area-under-curve analysis. RESULTS The PROMIS depression and legacy scales had generally comparable responsiveness. Moreover, the four PROMIS depression scales of varying lengths were similarly responsive. In general, measures performed better in detecting depression improvement than depression worsening. For all measures, responsiveness varied based on the study sample and on whether depression improved or worsened. CONCLUSIONS Both PROMIS and PHQ depression scales are brief public domain measures that are responsive (i.e., sensitive to change) and thus appropriate as outcome measures in research as well as for monitoring treatment in clinical practice. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT01236521, NCT01583985, NCT01507688.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Kroenke
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Regenstrief Institute, Inc, 1101 West 10th St., Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Timothy E Stump
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University Fairbanks School of Public Health and School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Chen X Chen
- Indiana University School of Nursing, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jacob Kean
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Teresa M Damush
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Regenstrief Institute, Inc, 1101 West 10th St., Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- VA Health Services Research and Development Center for Health Information and Communication, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Matthew J Bair
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Regenstrief Institute, Inc, 1101 West 10th St., Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- VA Health Services Research and Development Center for Health Information and Communication, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Erin E Krebs
- Center for Chronic Disease Outcomes Research, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Patrick O Monahan
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University Fairbanks School of Public Health and School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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32
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Belitskaya-Levy I, Clark JD, Shih MC, Bair MJ. Treatment Preferences for Chronic Low Back Pain: Views of Veterans and Their Providers. J Pain Res 2021; 14:161-171. [PMID: 33536780 PMCID: PMC7850463 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s290400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study was conducted to characterize chronic low back pain (cLBP) and to identify treatment histories and preferences for cLBP management among Veterans and primary care providers within the Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare system. Participants and Methods Veterans with cLBP from five geographically diverse VA medical centers were identified using International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 9 and 10 codes from VA administrative data as were primary care providers at these same sites. From these data, Veterans (200/per site) and providers (160/per site) were selected and mailed surveys. Open-ended interview data were collected from a subset of Veterans and providers. Results In total, 235 Veterans and 67 providers returned completed surveys. More than 80% of the Veteran respondents had daily back pain for more than 1 year. Most Veterans had tried several treatments for their pain with medications and physical therapy being the most commonly used. Veterans and providers had similar attitudes towards many cLBP treatments with the exception of psychological therapies that were more favored by providers. Open-ended interview data showed that Veterans and providers emphasized the need for multi-component approaches to treatment. Conclusion Among Veterans, cLBP is typically of sustained duration, is relatively severe, and also interferes significantly with normal functioning. Veterans are experienced with respect to treatments and had similar attitudes towards many cLBP treatments as their providers, especially tailored approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilana Belitskaya-Levy
- VA Cooperative Studies Program Coordinating Center - Mountain View Division, Palo Alto Healthcare System, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J David Clark
- Anesthesiology Service, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mei-Chiung Shih
- VA Cooperative Studies Program Coordinating Center - Mountain View Division, Palo Alto Healthcare System, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Matthew J Bair
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA
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33
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Mazurenko O, Blackburn J, Bair MJ, Kara AY, Harle CA. Receipt of opioids and patient care experiences among nonsurgical hospitalized adults. Health Serv Res 2021; 55:651-659. [PMID: 33460113 DOI: 10.1111/1475-6773.13556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between receipt of opioids and patient care experiences among nonsurgical hospitalized adults. DATA SOURCES A total of 17 691 patient-level responses to the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) patient care experience survey linked to medical records from nonsurgical hospitalizations in an 11-hospital health care system in a Midwestern state, years 2011-2016. STUDY DESIGN We conducted a pooled cross-sectional study that used propensity score matching analyses and logistic regression to estimate the relationship between patients' care experience measures (overall and pain-specific) and their receipt of opioids while hospitalized. In supplementary analyses, we used the same propensity score matching methods to estimate the relationship between patient care experience measures and receipt of opioids in four patient subgroups based on average patient-reported pain during hospitalization (no pain; mild pain; moderate pain; and severe pain). PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Receipt of opioids was not associated with patient care experience measures in our main analysis. In our supplementary analysis, we found lower ratings for pain control among hospitalizations for patients who reported moderate pain (Marginal Effects = -4.5 percent; P value = .015). CONCLUSIONS Counter to some previous studies, we observed that receipt of opioids was not associated with patient care experience measures for nonsurgical hospitalized adults. These findings may be due to different pain experiences of adults hospitalized for nonsurgical versus surgical reasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Mazurenko
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Justin Blackburn
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Matthew J Bair
- Division of General Internal Medicine, VA Center for Health Information and Communication, Indiana University School of Medicine, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Areeba Y Kara
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Methodist Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Christopher A Harle
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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Matthias MS, Bair MJ, Ofner S, Heisler M, Kukla M, McGuire AB, Adams J, Kempf C, Pierce E, Menen T, McCalley S, Johnson NL, Daggy J. Peer Support for Self-Management of Chronic Pain: the Evaluation of a Peer Coach-Led Intervention to Improve Pain Symptoms (ECLIPSE) Trial. J Gen Intern Med 2020; 35:3525-3533. [PMID: 32700220 PMCID: PMC7728830 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-020-06007-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain self-management is an effective, evidence-based treatment for chronic pain. Peer support, in which patients serve as coaches for other patients, has been effective in other chronic conditions and is a potentially promising approach to implementing pain self-management programs using fewer clinical resources. OBJECTIVE To test a peer coach-delivered pain self-management program for chronic pain. DESIGN Randomized controlled trial. PARTICIPANTS Veterans with chronic musculoskeletal pain. INTERVENTION Intervention patients were assigned a trained peer coach for 6 months. Coaches, who were volunteers, were asked to contact their assigned patients, either by phone or in person, twice per month. Coaches and patients were given an intervention manual to guide sessions. The control group was offered a 2-hour pain self-management class. MAIN MEASURES The primary outcome was total pain, assessed by the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). Secondary outcomes were anxiety, depression, pain catastrophizing, self-efficacy, social support, patient activation, health-related quality of life, and healthcare utilization. Outcomes were measured at baseline, 6 months, and 9 months. KEY RESULTS Two hundred fifteen patients enrolled (120 intervention, 95 control). Adherence to intervention protocol was low, with only 13% of patients reporting having at least the recommended 12 peer coach meetings over the 6-month intervention. BPI total decreased from baseline to 6 months and baseline to 9 months in both groups. At 9 months, this change was statistically significant (intervention, - 0.40, p = 0.018; control, - 0.47, p = 0.006). There was not a statistically significant difference between groups on BPI at either time point. No secondary outcomes improved significantly in either group after adjusting for multiple comparisons. CONCLUSIONS Patients randomized to peer support did not differ from control patients on primary and secondary outcomes. Other peer support models that do not rely on volunteers might be more effective. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02380690.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne S Matthias
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA. .,Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Matthew J Bair
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Medicine, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Susan Ofner
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Michele Heisler
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,VA HSR&D Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Marina Kukla
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Alan B McGuire
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jasma Adams
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Carol Kempf
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Medicine, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Emilee Pierce
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Tetla Menen
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Stephanie McCalley
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Nicole L Johnson
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Joanne Daggy
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Kroenke K, Krebs EE, Turk D, Von Korff M, Bair MJ, Allen KD, Sandbrink F, Cheville AL, DeBar L, Lorenz KA, Kerns RD. Core Outcome Measures for Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain Research: Recommendations from a Veterans Health Administration Work Group. Pain Med 2020; 20:1500-1508. [PMID: 30615172 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pny279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMSP) disorders are among the most prevalent and disabling conditions worldwide. It would be advantageous to have common outcome measures when comparing results across different CMSP research studies. METHODS The Veterans Health Administration appointed a work group to recommend core outcome measures for assessing pain intensity and interference as well as important secondary domains in clinical research. The work group used three streams of data to inform their recommendations: 1) literature synthesis augmented by three recently completed trials; 2) review and comparison of measures recommended by other expert groups; 3) two Delphi surveys of work group members. RESULTS The single-item numerical rating scale and seven-item Brief Pain Inventory interference scale emerged as the recommended measures for assessing pain intensity and interference, respectively. The secondary domains ranked most important included physical functioning and depression, followed by sleep, anxiety, and patient-reported global impression of change (PGIC). For these domains, the work group recommended the Patient-Reported Outcome Information System four-item physical function and sleep scales, the Patient Health Questionnaire two-item depression scale, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder two-item anxiety scale, and the single-item PGIC. Finally, a single-item National Health Interview Survey item was favored for defining chronic pain. CONCLUSIONS Two scales comprising eight items are recommended as core outcome measures for pain intensity and interference in all studies of chronic musculoskeletal pain, and brief scales comprising 13 additional items can be added when possible to assess important secondary domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Kroenke
- Indiana University and Roudebush VAMC, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Erin E Krebs
- University of Minnesota and Minneapolis VAMC, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Dennis Turk
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Michael Von Korff
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Matthew J Bair
- Indiana University and Roudebush VAMC, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Kelli D Allen
- University of North Carolina and Durham VAMC, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Friedhelm Sandbrink
- George Washington University and Washington DC VAMC, Washington, District of Columbia
| | | | - Lynn DeBar
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Karl A Lorenz
- Stanford University and Palo Alto VAMC, Palo Alto, California
| | - Robert D Kerns
- Yale University and West Haven VAMC, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Wandner LD, Fenton BT, Goulet JL, Carroll CM, Heapy A, Higgins DM, Bair MJ, Sandbrink F, Kerns RD. Treatment of a Large Cohort of Veterans Experiencing Musculoskeletal Disorders with Spinal Cord Stimulation in the Veterans Health Administration: Veteran Characteristics and Outcomes. J Pain Res 2020; 13:1687-1697. [PMID: 32753944 PMCID: PMC7354010 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s241567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Spinal cord stimulator (SCS) implantation is used to treat chronic pain, including painful musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This study examined the characteristics and outcomes of veterans receiving SCSs in Veterans Health Administration (VHA) facilities. METHODS The sample was drawn from the MSD Cohort and limited to three MSDs with the highest number of implants (N=815,475). There were 1490 veterans with these conditions who received SCS implants from 2000 to 2012, of which 95% (n=1414) had pain intensity numeric rating scale (NRS) data both pre- and post-implant. RESULTS Veterans who were 35-44 years old, White, and married reported higher pain NRS ratings, had comorbid inclusion diagnoses, had no medical comorbidities, had a BMI 25-29.9, or had a depressive disorder diagnosis were more likely to receive an SCS. Veterans 55+ years old or with an alcohol or substance use disorder were less likely to receive an SCS. Over 90% of those receiving an SCS were prescribed opioids in the year prior to implant. Veterans who had a presurgical pain score ≥4 had a clinically meaningful decrease in their pain score in the year following their 90-day recovery period (Day 91-456) greater than expected by chance alone. Similarly, there was a significant decrease in the percent of veterans receiving opioid therapy (92.4% vs 86.6%, p<0.0001) and a significant overall decrease in opioid dose [morphine equivalent dose per day (MEDD) =26.48 vs MEDD=22.59, p<0.0003]. CONCLUSION Results offer evidence of benefit for some veterans with the examined conditions. Given known risks of opioid therapy, the reduction is an important potential benefit of SCS implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura D Wandner
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Brenda T Fenton
- Pain Research, Informatics, Multimorbidities and Education (PRIME) Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joseph L Goulet
- Pain Research, Informatics, Multimorbidities and Education (PRIME) Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Alicia Heapy
- Pain Research, Informatics, Multimorbidities and Education (PRIME) Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Diana M Higgins
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew J Bair
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Friedhelm Sandbrink
- Department of Neurology, VA Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Neurology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Robert D Kerns
- Pain Research, Informatics, Multimorbidities and Education (PRIME) Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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Matthias MS, Daggy J, Ofner S, McGuire AB, Kukla M, Bair MJ. Exploring peer coaches' outcomes: Findings from a clinical trial of patients with chronic pain. Patient Educ Couns 2020; 103:1366-1372. [PMID: 32044190 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although peer coaching can help patients manage chronic conditions, few studies have evaluated the effects of peer coaching on coaches, and no studies have systematically examined these effects in the context of chronic pain coaching. METHODS Peer coach outcomes were assessed as part of a randomized trial of peer coaching for chronic pain. In this exploratory analysis, linear mixed models were used to evaluate changes in peer coaches' pain and related outcomes from baseline to 6 and 9 months. The Šidák method was used to account for multiple comparisons. RESULTS Peer coaches (N = 55) experienced statistically significant increases in anxiety and pain catastrophizing from baseline to 6 months, which were no longer significant after adjustment. All other changes were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Despite prior studies suggesting that peer coaches benefit from serving as a coach, the current study failed to support that conclusion. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Peer coaching remains a promising model, with high potential for implementation, for a number of chronic conditions requiring self-management. However, to maximize the benefits of such interventions, it is essential to monitor both those being coached and the coaches themselves, and not to assume that serving as a coach is inherently beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne S Matthias
- US Department of Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Communication Studies, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Joanne Daggy
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Susan Ofner
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Alan B McGuire
- US Department of Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Marina Kukla
- US Department of Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Matthew J Bair
- US Department of Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Mazurenko O, Andraka-Christou BT, Bair MJ, Kara AY, Harle CA. Clinical perspectives on hospitals' role in the opioid epidemic. BMC Health Serv Res 2020; 20:521. [PMID: 32513158 PMCID: PMC7281936 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-020-05390-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Policymakers, legislators, and clinicians have raised concerns that hospital-based clinicians may be incentivized to inappropriately prescribe and administer opioids when addressing pain care needs of their patients, thus potentially contributing to the ongoing opioid epidemic in the United States. Given the need to involve all healthcare settings, including hospitals, in joint efforts to curb the opioid epidemic, it is essential to understand if clinicians perceive hospitals as contributors to the problem. Therefore, we examined clinical perspectives on the role of hospitals in the opioid epidemic. METHODS We conducted individual semi-structured interviews with 23 clinicians from 6 different acute care hospitals that are part of a single healthcare system in the Midwestern United States. Our participants were hospitalists (N = 12), inpatient registered nurses (N = 9), and inpatient adult nurse practitioners (N = 2). In the interviews, we asked clinicians whether hospitals play a role in the opioid epidemic, and if so, how hospitals may contribute to the epidemic. We used a qualitative thematic analysis approach to analyze coded text for patterns and themes and examined potential differences in themes by respondent type using Dedoose software. RESULTS The majority of clinicians believed hospitals contribute to the opioid epidemic. Multiple clinicians cited Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services' (CMS) reimbursement policy and the Joint Commission's report as drivers of inappropriate opioid prescribing in hospitals. Furthermore, numerous clinicians stated that opioids are inappropriately administered in the emergency department (ED), potentially as a mechanism to facilitate discharge and prevent re-admission. Many clinicians also described how overreliance on pre-populated pain care orders for surgical (orthopedic) patients, may be contributing to inappropriate opioid use in the hospital. Finally, clinicians suggested the following initiatives for hospitals to help address the crisis: 1) educating patients about negative consequences of using opioids long-term and setting realistic pain expectations; 2) educating medical staff about appropriate opioid prescribing practices, particularly for patients with complex chronic conditions (chronic pain; opioid use disorder (OUD)); and 3) strengthening the hospital leadership efforts to decrease inappropriate opioid use. CONCLUSIONS Our findings can inform efforts at decreasing inappropriate opioid use in hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Mazurenko
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, 1050 Wishard Blvd, RG5135, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | | | - Matthew J. Bair
- VA Center for Health Information and Communication, Indianapolis, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
- Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indianapolis, USA
| | - Areeba Y. Kara
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
| | - Christopher A. Harle
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics; College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
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Kroenke K, Stump TE, Chen CX, Kean J, Bair MJ, Damush TM, Krebs EE, Monahan PO. Minimally important differences and severity thresholds are estimated for the PROMIS depression scales from three randomized clinical trials. J Affect Disord 2020; 266:100-108. [PMID: 32056864 PMCID: PMC7103541 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information Systems (PROMIS) scales are increasingly being used to measure symptoms in research and practice. The purpose of this study was to determine the minimally important difference (MID) and severity thresholds (cut-points) for the four fixed-length PROMIS depression scales. METHODS The study sample was adult participants in three randomized clinical trials (N=651). MID was estimated using multiple distribution- and anchor-based approaches including assessing correspondence between Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and PROMIS depression scores. RESULTS The best MID estimate was a PROMIS depression T-score of 3.5 points with most methods producing an MID in the 3 to 4 point range across all three samples. MID estimates were similar for all four PROMIS scales. A PHQ-9 1-point change equated to a PROMIS 1.25-point T-score change. PROMIS T-scores of 55, 60, 65, and 70 appeared to be reasonable thresholds for mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe depression, respectively. LIMITATIONS The study sample was predominantly male veterans with either chronic pain (2 trials) or previous stroke (1 trial). The severity of depression was mild to moderate. CONCLUSION A T-score of 3 to 4 points is a reasonable MID for PROMIS depression scales and can be used to assess treatment effects in both practice and research as well to calculate sample sizes for clinical trials. Severity cut-points can help interpret the meaning of scores and action thresholds for treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Kroenke
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Regenstrief Institute, Inc., 1101 West 10th St., Indianapolis, 46202 IN, USA.
| | - Timothy E. Stump
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University Fairbanks School of Public Health and School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Chen X. Chen
- Indiana University School of Nursing, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jacob Kean
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Matthew J. Bair
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA,Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA,VA Health Services Research and Development Center for Health Information and Communication, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Teresa M. Damush
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA,Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA,VA Health Services Research and Development Center for Health Information and Communication, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Erin E. Krebs
- Center for Chronic Disease Outcomes Research, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minnesota, USA,University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Patrick O. Monahan
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University Fairbanks School of Public Health and School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Schmid AA, Fruhauf CA, Sharp JL, Van Puymbroeck M, Bair MJ, Portz JD. Yoga for People With Chronic Pain in a Community-Based Setting: A Feasibility and Pilot RCT. J Evid Based Integr Med 2020; 24:2515690X19863763. [PMID: 31394910 PMCID: PMC6689911 DOI: 10.1177/2515690x19863763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this feasibility pilot study was to assess benefits of 8 weeks of yoga in people with chronic pain. Participants completed baseline assessments and were randomized to yoga or usual care. Yoga was offered twice a week for 8 weeks. We assessed feasibility and the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) was the primary outcome, assessing pain-severity and pain interference on daily activities. Eighty-three people were recruited; 67 people completed the study and were included in the analyses. Average age of participants was 50.78 ± 10.43 years and most participants had pain >10 years. The intervention appeared feasible and there were significant improvements (P < .05) in multiple measures for the yoga group, including a decrease in BPI interference scores from 7.15 ± 1.70 to 6.14 ± 2.21 (P = .007). There was a significant difference in body responsiveness and pain management scores between groups at 8 weeks. It appears that yoga was feasible and positively influenced multiple outcome measures for people with chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Matthew J Bair
- 3 Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jennifer Dickman Portz
- 1 Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.,4 University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
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Bair MJ, Outcalt SD, Ang D, Wu J, Yu Z. Pain and Psychological Outcomes Among Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans with Chronic Pain and PTSD: ESCAPE Trial Longitudinal Results. Pain Medicine 2020; 21:1369-1376. [DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnaa007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
To compare pain and psychological outcomes in veterans with chronic musculoskeletal pain and comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or pain alone and to determine if veterans with comorbidity respond differently to a stepped-care intervention than those with pain alone.
Design
Secondary analysis of data from the Evaluation of Stepped Care for Chronic Pain (ESCAPE) trial.
Setting
Six Veterans Health Affairs clinics.
Subjects
Iraq and Afghanistan veterans (N = 222) with chronic musculoskeletal pain.
Methods
Longitudinal analysis of veterans with chronic musculoskeletal pain and PTSD or pain alone and available baseline and nine-month trial data. Participants randomized to either usual care or a stepped-care intervention were analyzed. The pain–PTSD comorbidity group screened positive for PTSD and had a PTSD Checklist–Civilian score ≥41 at baseline.
Results
T tests demonstrated statistically significant differences and worse outcomes on pain severity, pain cognitions, and psychological outcomes in veterans with comorbid pain and PTSD compared with those with pain alone. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) modeling change scores from baseline to nine months indicated no statistically significant differences, controlling for PTSD, on pain severity, pain centrality, or pain self-efficacy. Significant differences emerged for pain catastrophizing (t = 3.10, P < 0.01), depression (t = 3.39, P < 0.001), and anxiety (t = 3.80, P < 0.001). The interaction between PTSD and the stepped-care intervention was not significant.
Conclusions
Veterans with the pain–PTSD comorbidity demonstrated worse pain and psychological outcomes than those with chronic pain alone. These findings indicate a more intense chronic pain experience for veterans when PTSD co-occurs with pain. PTSD did not lead to a differential response to a stepped-care intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Bair
- Center for Health Information and Communication, Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Health Services Research and Development Service, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Samantha D Outcalt
- Center for Health Information and Communication, Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Health Services Research and Development Service, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Dennis Ang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Jingwei Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Zhangsheng Yu
- Center of Statistics Research, Research Department, School of Statistics, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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Abstract
Fibromyalgia is characterized by chronic, widespread musculoskeletal pain and associated fatigue, sleep disturbances, and other cognitive and somatic symptoms. For many patients, these symptoms persist for years and lead to frequent health care use; for some, fibromyalgia and its symptoms can be debilitating. Although many treatments are available, management remains challenging. This article highlights the clinical features of fibromyalgia, discusses diagnostic criteria and their evolution, and reviews treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Bair
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.J.B.)
| | - Erin E Krebs
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota (E.E.K.)
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Higgins DM, Buta E, Williams DA, Halat A, Bair MJ, Heapy AA, Krein SL, Rajeevan H, Rosen MI, Kerns RD. Internet-Based Pain Self-Management for Veterans: Feasibility and Preliminary Efficacy of the Pain EASE Program. Pain Pract 2020; 20:357-370. [PMID: 31778281 DOI: 10.1111/papr.12861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop and test the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a cognitive behavioral therapy-based, internet-delivered self-management program for chronic low back pain (cLBP) in veterans. METHODS Phase I included program development, involving expert panel and participant feedback. Phase II was a single-arm feasibility and preliminary efficacy study of the Pain e-health for Activity, Skills, and Education (Pain EASE) program. Feasibility (ie, website use, treatment credibility, satisfaction) was measured using descriptive methods. Mixed models were used to assess mean within-subject changes from baseline to 10 weeks post-baseline in pain interference (primary outcome, West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory, scale of 0 to 6), pain intensity, mood, fatigue, sleep, and depression. RESULTS Phase I participants (n = 15) suggested modifications including style changes, content reduction, additional "Test Your Knowledge" quizzes, and cognitive behavioral therapy skill practice monitoring form revisions for enhanced usability. In Phase II, participants (n = 58) were mostly male (93%) and White (60%), and had an average age of 55 years (standard deviation [SD] = 12) and moderate pain (mean score 5.9/10); 41 (71%) completed the post-baseline assessment. Participants (N = 58) logged on 6.1 (SD = 8.6) times over 10 weeks, and 85% reported being very or moderately satisfied with Pain EASE. Pain interference improved from a mean of 3.8 at baseline to 3.3 at 10 weeks (difference 0.5 [95% confidence interval 0.1 to 0.9], P = 0.008). Within-subject improvement also occurred for some secondary outcomes, including mood and depression symptoms. DISCUSSION Veterans with cLBP may benefit from technology-delivered interventions, which may also reduce pain interference. Overall, veterans found that Pain EASE, an internet-based self-management program, is feasible and satisfactory for cLBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M Higgins
- Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts.,Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eugenia Buta
- Yale Center for Analytical Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - Allison Halat
- Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Matthew J Bair
- VA Health Services Research and Development, Center for Health Information and Communication (CHIC), Indianapolis, IN.,Indiana University School of Medicine and Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Alicia A Heapy
- Pain Research Informatics Multimorbidities and Education (PRIME) Center of Innovation, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut.,Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Sarah L Krein
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI.,VA Ann Arbor Center for Clinical Management Research Health Services Research and Development Center of Innovation, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | - Marc I Rosen
- Pain Research Informatics Multimorbidities and Education (PRIME) Center of Innovation, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut.,Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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Husak AJ, Bair MJ. Chronic Pain and Sleep Disturbances: A Pragmatic Review of Their Relationships, Comorbidities, and Treatments. Pain Medicine 2020; 21:1142-1152. [DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnz343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this review is to answer three questions: 1) How are chronic pain severity and pain duration affected in patients with chronic pain and sleep disturbances that occur simultaneously? 2) What are common comorbidities and pain-related symptoms seen in patients with chronic pain and sleep disturbances? and 3) What are potentially effective pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment options for both conditions?MethodsOvid Medline and PubMed were searched. Search terms included sleep wake disorder, chronic pain, fibromyalgia, treatment outcome, psychotherapy, complementary therapies, and therapeutics. Studies that assessed outcomes between individuals with chronic pain and those with concurrent chronic pain and sleep disturbances were included. Randomized controlled clinical trials of treatments for both conditions were included.ResultsSixteen studies indicated that patients with both chronic pain and sleep disturbances have greater pain severity, longer duration of pain, greater disability, and are less physically active than those without sleep disturbances. Patients with both conditions are more likely to have concurrent depression, catastrophizing, anxiety, and suicidal ideation. Thirty-three randomized controlled trials assessed treatment for both chronic pain and sleep disturbances. Pregabalin was the most frequently studied medication, showing improvement in pain and sleep symptoms. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia showed long-term improvement in sleep for patients with chronic pain.ConclusionsIndividuals with chronic pain and sleep disturbances have greater symptom severity, longer duration of symptoms, more disability, and additional comorbidities. Pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments may be useful in the treatment of concurrent chronic pain and sleep disturbances, but further study is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aubrey J Husak
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Matthew J Bair
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- VA Health Services Research and Development Center for Health Information and Communication, Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Schmid AA, Van Puymbroeck M, Fruhauf CA, Bair MJ, Portz JD. Yoga improves occupational performance, depression, and daily activities for people with chronic pain. Work 2019; 63:181-189. [PMID: 31156199 DOI: 10.3233/wor-192919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pain is a complex accumulation of physical, psychological, and social conditions, thus interventions that address pain and promote occupational performance are needed. A holistic intervention, with mind and body components, is likely necessary to best treat the complexities of chronic pain. Thus, we developed and tested a yoga intervention for people with chronic pain. OBJECTIVES In a randomized control trial (RCT), participants with chronic pain were randomized to a yoga intervention or usual care group. Between and within group differences for pre-and post-outcome measure scores were assessed for: occupational performance, completion of activities, and depression. METHODS Pilot RCT with participant allocation to 8 weeks of yoga or usual care. Both groups received ongoing monthly self-management programming. Data were collected before and after the 8-week intervention. Participants were randomized to yoga or usual care after baseline assessments. Demographics were collected and measures included: Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) to assess occupational performance; the 15-item Frenchay Activities Index (FAI)(activities); and the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for depression. Independent t-tests were used to assess differences between groups. Paired t-tests were used to assess differences between pre- and post 8-week intervention for both the yoga and the usual care groups. Percent change scores and effect sizes were calculated. RESULTS 83 people were recruited for the study and completed baseline assessments; 44 individuals were randomized to yoga and 39 to the control group. The average age of all participants was 51.4±10.5 years, 68% were female; and 60% had at least some college education. There were no significant differences in demographics or outcome measures between groups at baseline or 8 weeks; however, the study was not powered to see such differences. Individuals randomized to the control group did not significantly improve in any outcome measure over the 8 weeks. There were significant improvements in COPM performance and COPM satisfaction scores for individuals randomized to the yoga group; both scores significantly improved. COPM performance improved by 27% with a moderate to large effect size (3.66±1.85 vs 4.66±1.93, p < 0.001, d = 0.76). COPM satisfaction significantly improved by 78% (2.14±2.31 vs. 3.80±2.50, p < 0.001) and had a large effects size (d = 1.02). FAI scores improved, indicating increased activity or engagement in daily occupation during the 8-week intervention. Scores increased by 5% (38.13±8.48 vs. 39.90±8.57, p = 0.024) with a small effect size (d = 0.37). Depression significantly decreased from 13.21±5.60 to 11.41±5.82, p = 0.041, with a small effect size. CONCLUSION Data from this pilot RCT indicate yoga may be an effective therapeutic intervention with people in chronic pain to improve occupational performance, increase engagement in activities, and decrease depression. Occupational therapy practitioners may consider adding yoga as a treatment intervention to address the needs of people with pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlene A Schmid
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Marieke Van Puymbroeck
- Department of Parks, Clemson University, Recreation and Tourism Management, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Christine A Fruhauf
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Matthew J Bair
- Department of Medicine, VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Kroenke K, Baye F, Lourens SG, Evans E, Weitlauf S, McCalley S, Porter B, Matthias MS, Bair MJ. Automated Self-management (ASM) vs. ASM-Enhanced Collaborative Care for Chronic Pain and Mood Symptoms: the CAMMPS Randomized Clinical Trial. J Gen Intern Med 2019; 34:1806-1814. [PMID: 31228055 PMCID: PMC6712242 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-019-05121-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic musculoskeletal pain is often accompanied by depression or anxiety wherein co-occurring pain and mood symptoms can be more difficult to treat than either alone. However, few clinical trials have examined interventions that simultaneously target both pain and mood conditions. OBJECTIVE To determine the comparative effectiveness of automated self-management (ASM) vs. ASM-enhanced collaborative care. DESIGN Randomized clinical trial conducted in six primary care clinics in a VA medical center. PARTICIPANTS Two hundred ninety-four patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain of at least moderate intensity and clinically significant depressive and/or anxiety symptoms. INTERVENTION ASM consisted of automated monitoring and 9 web-based self-management modules. Comprehensive symptom management (CSM) combined ASM with collaborative care management by a nurse-physician team. Both interventions were delivered for 12 months. MAIN MEASURES Primary outcome was a composite pain-anxiety-depression (PAD) z-score consisting of the mean of the BPI, PHQ-9, and GAD-7 z-scores: 0.2, 0.5, and 0.8 represent potentially small, moderate, and large clinical differences. Secondary outcomes included global improvement, health-related quality of life, treatment satisfaction, and health services use. KEY RESULTS Both CSM and ASM groups had moderate PAD score improvement at 12 months (z = - 0.65 and - 0.52, respectively). Compared to the ASM group, the CSM group had a - 0.23 (95% CI, - 0.38 to - 0.08; overall P = .003) greater decline in composite PAD z-score over 12 months. CSM patients were also more likely to report global improvement and less likely to report worsening at 6 (P = .004) and 12 months (P = .013). CONCLUSIONS Two intervention models relying heavily on telecare delivery but differing in resource intensity both produced moderate improvements in pain and mood symptoms. However, the model combining collaborative care led by a nurse-physician team with web-based self-management was superior to self-management alone. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov : NCT0175730.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Kroenke
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Fitsum Baye
- Department of Biostatistics, Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Spencer G Lourens
- Department of Biostatistics, Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Erica Evans
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sharon Weitlauf
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Stephanie McCalley
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Brian Porter
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Marianne S Matthias
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Communication Studies, Indianapolis University-Purdue University at Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Matthew J Bair
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Matthias MS, Daggy J, Adams J, Menen T, McCalley S, Kukla M, McGuire AB, Ofner S, Pierce E, Kempf C, Heisler M, Bair MJ. Evaluation of a peer coach-led intervention to improve pain symptoms (ECLIPSE): Rationale, study design, methods, and sample characteristics. Contemp Clin Trials 2019; 81:71-79. [PMID: 30951837 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pain is prevalent, costly, and a leading cause of disability. Pain self-management (i.e., employing self-management strategies including behavioral modifications) is an effective, evidence-based treatment. However, implementation and delivery of a pain self-management model is challenging because of time and resources. Peer supported pain self-management offers a promising approach to implementing pain self-management programs using fewer clinical resources. Evaluation of a Peer Coach-Led Intervention for the Improvement of Pain Symptoms (ECLIPSE) is a randomized controlled trial testing effectiveness of peer coach-delivered pain self-management intervention versus controls receiving a class on pain and pain self-management. ECLIPSE is a Hybrid Type 1 study testing effectiveness while examining implementation factors. ECLIPSE enrolled 215 veterans randomly assigned to the peer coaching (N = 120) or control (N = 95) arm. The peer coaching intervention lasts 6 months, with patient-peer coach pairs instructed to talk twice per month. Coaches attend initial training, are provided a detailed training manual, and attend monthly booster sessions. Outcomes are assessed at baseline, 6 months, and 9 months. The primary outcome is overall pain (intensity and interference), measured by the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). Secondary outcomes are self-efficacy, social support, pain catastrophizing, patient activation, health-related quality of life, and health care utilization. To maximize implementation potential of pain self-management, innovative delivery methods are needed that do not require additional resources from healthcare teams. A novel and promising approach is a peer-coaching model, in which patients who are successfully managing their pain offer information, ongoing support, and advice to other patients with pain. Clinical Trials Registration: NCT02380690.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne S Matthias
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Department of Communication Studies, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
| | - Joanne Daggy
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Jasma Adams
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Tetla Menen
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Stephanie McCalley
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Marina Kukla
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Alan B McGuire
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Susan Ofner
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Emilee Pierce
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Carol Kempf
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Michele Heisler
- VA Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Matthew J Bair
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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Alzeer AH, Jones J, Bair MJ. Review of Factors, Methods, and Outcome Definition in Designing Opioid Abuse Predictive Models. Pain Med 2019; 19:997-1009. [PMID: 29016966 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnx149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective Several opioid risk assessment tools are available to prescribers to evaluate opioid analgesic abuse among chronic patients. The objectives of this study are to 1) identify variables available in the literature to predict opioid abuse; 2) explore and compare methods (population, database, and analysis) used to develop statistical models that predict opioid abuse; and 3) understand how outcomes were defined in each statistical model predicting opioid abuse. Design The OVID database was searched for this study. The search was limited to articles written in English and published from January 1990 to April 2016. This search generated 1,409 articles. Only seven studies and nine models met our inclusion-exclusion criteria. Results We found nine models and identified 75 distinct variables. Three studies used administrative claims data, and four studies used electronic health record data. The majority, four out of seven articles (six out of nine models), were primarily dependent on the presence or absence of opioid abuse or dependence (ICD-9 diagnosis code) to define opioid abuse. However, two articles used a predefined list of opioid-related aberrant behaviors. Conclusions We identified variables used to predict opioid abuse from electronic health records and administrative data. Medication variables are the recurrent variables in the articles reviewed (33 variables). Age and gender are the most consistent demographic variables in predicting opioid abuse. Overall, there is similarity in the sampling method and inclusion/exclusion criteria (age, number of prescriptions, follow-up period, and data analysis methods). Intuitive research to utilize unstructured data may increase opioid abuse models' accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah H Alzeer
- Indiana University School of Informatics and Computing, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Josette Jones
- Indiana University School of Informatics and Computing, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana University School of Nursing, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Matthew J Bair
- Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Center for Health Information and Communication (CHIC), Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Riddle DL, Keefe FJ, Ang DC, Slover J, Jensen MP, Bair MJ, Kroenke K, Perera RA, Reed SD, McKee D, Dumenci L. Pain Coping Skills Training for Patients Who Catastrophize About Pain Prior to Knee Arthroplasty: A Multisite Randomized Clinical Trial. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2019; 101:218-227. [PMID: 30730481 PMCID: PMC6791506 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.18.00621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain catastrophizing has been identified as a prognostic indicator of poor outcome following knee arthroplasty. Interventions to address pain catastrophizing, to our knowledge, have not been tested in patients undergoing knee arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was to determine whether pain coping skills training in persons with moderate to high pain catastrophizing undergoing knee arthroplasty improves outcomes 12 months postoperatively compared with usual care or arthritis education. METHODS A multicenter, 3-arm, single-blinded, randomized comparative effectiveness trial was performed involving 5 university-based medical centers in the United States. There were 402 randomized participants. The primary outcome was the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) Pain Scale, measured at baseline, 2 months, 6 months, and 12 months following the surgical procedure. RESULTS Participants were recruited from January 2013 to June 2016. In 402 participants, 66% were women and the mean age of the participants (and standard deviation) was 63.2 ± 8.0 years. Three hundred and forty-six participants (90% of those who underwent a surgical procedure) completed a 12-month follow-up. All 3 treatment groups had large improvements in 12-month WOMAC pain scores with no significant differences (p > 0.05) among the 3 treatment arms. No differences were found between WOMAC pain scores at 12 months for the pain coping skills and arthritis education groups (adjusted mean difference, 0.3 [95% confidence interval (CI), -0.9 to 1.5]) or between the pain coping and usual-care groups (adjusted mean difference, 0.4 [95% CI, -0.7 to 1.5]). Secondary outcomes also showed no significant differences (p > 0.05) among the 3 groups. CONCLUSIONS Among adults with pain catastrophizing undergoing knee arthroplasty, cognitive behaviorally based pain coping skills training did not confer pain or functional benefit beyond the large improvements achieved with usual surgical and postoperative care. Future research should develop interventions for the approximately 20% of patients undergoing knee arthroplasty who experience persistent function-limiting pain. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L. Riddle
- Department of Physical Therapy, Orthopaedic Surgery and Rheumatology, West Hospital (D.L.R.), and Department of Biostatistics (R.A.P.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Francis J. Keefe
- Pain Prevention and Treatment Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.J.K. and D.M.), and Duke Clinical Research Institute (S.D.R.), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Dennis C. Ang
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - James Slover
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Mark P. Jensen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Matthew J. Bair
- VA Center for Health Information and Communication, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana,Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Kurt Kroenke
- VA Center for Health Information and Communication, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana,Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Robert A. Perera
- Department of Physical Therapy, Orthopaedic Surgery and Rheumatology, West Hospital (D.L.R.), and Department of Biostatistics (R.A.P.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Shelby D. Reed
- Pain Prevention and Treatment Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.J.K. and D.M.), and Duke Clinical Research Institute (S.D.R.), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Daphne McKee
- Pain Prevention and Treatment Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.J.K. and D.M.), and Duke Clinical Research Institute (S.D.R.), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Levent Dumenci
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Argoff CE, Alford DP, Fudin J, Adler JA, Bair MJ, Dart RC, Gandolfi R, McCarberg BH, Stanos SP, Gudin JA, Polomano RC, Webster LR. Rational Urine Drug Monitoring in Patients Receiving Opioids for Chronic Pain: Consensus Recommendations. Pain Med 2019; 19:97-117. [PMID: 29206984 PMCID: PMC6516588 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnx285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Objective To develop consensus recommendations on urine drug monitoring (UDM) in patients with chronic pain who are prescribed opioids. Methods An interdisciplinary group of clinicians with expertise in pain, substance use disorders, and primary care conducted virtual meetings to review relevant literature and existing guidelines and share their clinical experience in UDM before reaching consensus recommendations. Results Definitive (e.g., chromatography-based) testing is recommended as most clinically appropriate for UDM because of its accuracy; however, institutional or payer policies may require initial use of presumptive testing (i.e., immunoassay). The rational choice of substances to analyze for UDM involves considerations that are specific to each patient and related to illicit drug availability. Appropriate opioid risk stratification is based on patient history (especially psychiatric conditions or history of opioid or substance use disorder), prescription drug monitoring program data, results from validated risk assessment tools, and previous UDM. Urine drug monitoring is suggested to be performed at baseline for most patients prescribed opioids for chronic pain and at least annually for those at low risk, two or more times per year for those at moderate risk, and three or more times per year for those at high risk. Additional UDM should be performed as needed on the basis of clinical judgment. Conclusions Although evidence on the efficacy of UDM in preventing opioid use disorder, overdose, and diversion is limited, UDM is recommended by the panel as part of ongoing comprehensive risk monitoring in patients prescribed opioids for chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles E Argoff
- Department of Neurology, Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York
| | - Daniel P Alford
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jeffrey Fudin
- Scientific and Clinical Affairs, Remitigate, LLC, Delmar, New York
| | - Jeremy A Adler
- Pacific Pain Medicine Consultants, Encinitas, California
| | - Matthew J Bair
- HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, and Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | | | - Bill H McCarberg
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California at San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California
| | - Steven P Stanos
- Swedish Pain Services, Swedish Health System, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jeffrey A Gudin
- Department of Pain Management and Palliative Care, Englewood Hospital and Medical Center, Englewood, New Jersey
| | - Rosemary C Polomano
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lynn R Webster
- Scientific Affairs, PRA International, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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