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Pepe G, Fioriniello S, Marracino F, Capocci L, Maglione V, D'Esposito M, Di Pardo A, Della Ragione F. Blood–Brain Barrier Integrity Is Perturbed in a Mecp2-Null Mouse Model of Rett Syndrome. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13040606. [PMID: 37189354 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Rett syndrome (RTT, online MIM 312750) is a devastating neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by motor and cognitive disabilities. It is mainly caused by pathogenetic variants in the X-linked MECP2 gene, encoding an epigenetic factor crucial for brain functioning. Despite intensive studies, the RTT pathogenetic mechanism remains to be fully elucidated. Impaired vascular function has been previously reported in RTT mouse models; however, whether an altered brain vascular homeostasis and the subsequent blood–brain barrier (BBB) breakdown occur in RTT and contribute to the disease-related cognitive impairment is still unknown. Interestingly, in symptomatic Mecp2-null (Mecp2-/y, Mecp2tm1.1Bird) mice, we found enhanced BBB permeability associated with an aberrant expression of the tight junction proteins Ocln and Cldn-5 in different brain areas, in terms of both transcript and protein levels. Additionally, Mecp2-null mice showed an altered expression of different genes encoding factors with a role in the BBB structure and function, such as Cldn3, Cldn12, Mpdz, Jam2, and Aqp4. With this study, we provide the first evidence of impaired BBB integrity in RTT and highlight a potential new molecular hallmark of the disease that might open new perspectives for the setting-up of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Salvatore Fioriniello
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'A. Buzzati-Traverso', CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Maurizio D'Esposito
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'A. Buzzati-Traverso', CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Floriana Della Ragione
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'A. Buzzati-Traverso', CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy
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2
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Fioriniello S, Csukonyi E, Marano D, Brancaccio A, Madonna M, Zarrillo C, Romano A, Marracino F, Matarazzo MR, D'Esposito M, Della Ragione F. MeCP2 and Major Satellite Forward RNA Cooperate for Pericentric Heterochromatin Organization. Stem Cell Reports 2021; 15:1317-1332. [PMID: 33296675 PMCID: PMC7724518 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) has historically been linked to heterochromatin organization, and in mouse cells it accumulates at pericentric heterochromatin (PCH), closely following major satellite (MajSat) DNA distribution. However, little is known about the specific function of MeCP2 in these regions. We describe the first evidence of a role in neurons for MeCP2 and MajSat forward (MajSat-fw) RNA in reciprocal targeting to PCH through their physical interaction. Moreover, MeCP2 contributes to maintenance of PCH by promoting deposition of H3K9me3 and H4K20me3. We highlight that the MeCP2B isoform is required for correct higher-order PCH organization, and underline involvement of the methyl-binding and transcriptional repression domains. The T158 residue, which is commonly mutated in Rett patients, is directly involved in this process. Our findings support the hypothesis that MeCP2 and the MajSat-fw transcript are mutually dependent for PCH organization, and contribute to clarify MeCP2 function in the regulation of chromatin architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Fioriniello
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'A. Buzzati-Traverso', CNR, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Eva Csukonyi
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'A. Buzzati-Traverso', CNR, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Domenico Marano
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'A. Buzzati-Traverso', CNR, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Arianna Brancaccio
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'A. Buzzati-Traverso', CNR, Naples 80131, Italy
| | | | - Carmela Zarrillo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'A. Buzzati-Traverso', CNR, Naples 80131, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria R Matarazzo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'A. Buzzati-Traverso', CNR, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Maurizio D'Esposito
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'A. Buzzati-Traverso', CNR, Naples 80131, Italy
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3
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Bortolini E, Pagani L, Oxilia G, Posth C, Fontana F, Badino F, Saupe T, Montinaro F, Margaritora D, Romandini M, Lugli F, Papini A, Boggioni M, Perrini N, Oxilia A, Cigliano RA, Barcelona R, Visentin D, Fasser N, Arrighi S, Figus C, Marciani G, Silvestrini S, Bernardini F, Menghi Sartorio JC, Fiorenza L, Cecchi JM, Tuniz C, Kivisild T, Gianfrancesco F, Peresani M, Scheib CL, Talamo S, D'Esposito M, Benazzi S. Early Alpine occupation backdates westward human migration in Late Glacial Europe. Curr Biol 2021; 31:2484-2493.e7. [PMID: 33887180 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.03.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Before the end of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, ∼16.5 ka ago)1 set in motion major shifts in human culture and population structure,2 a consistent change in lithic technology, material culture, settlement pattern, and adaptive strategies is recorded in Southern Europe at ∼18-17 ka ago. In this time frame, the landscape of Northeastern Italy changed considerably, and the retreat of glaciers allowed hunter-gatherers to gradually recolonize the Alps.3-6 Change within this renewed cultural frame (i.e., during the Late Epigravettian phase) is currently associated with migrations favored by warmer climate linked to the Bølling-Allerød onset (14.7 ka ago),7-11 which replaced earlier genetic lineages with ancestry found in an individual who lived ∼14 ka ago at Riparo Villabruna, Italy, and shared among different contexts (Villabruna Cluster).9 Nevertheless, these dynamics and their chronology are still far from being disentangled due to fragmentary evidence for long-distance interactions across Europe.12 Here, we generate new genomic data from a human mandible uncovered at Riparo Tagliente (Veneto, Italy), which we directly dated to 16,980-16,510 cal BP (2σ). This individual, affected by focal osseous dysplasia, is genetically affine to the Villabruna Cluster. Our results therefore backdate by at least 3 ka the diffusion in Southern Europe of a genetic component linked to Balkan/Anatolian refugia, previously believed to have spread during the later Bølling/Allerød event. In light of the new genetic evidence, this population replacement chronologically coincides with the very emergence of major cultural transitions in Southern and Western Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Bortolini
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani, 1 48121 Ravenna, Italy; CaSEs (Culture and Socio-Ecological Dynamics) Department of Humanities, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Ramon Trias Fargas, 25-27, 08005 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Luca Pagani
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy; Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23b 51010 Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Gregorio Oxilia
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani, 1 48121 Ravenna, Italy.
| | - Cosimo Posth
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Jena 07745, Germany; Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Archaeo- and Palaeogenetics, University of Tübingen, Rümelinstrasse 19-23, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Federica Fontana
- Department of Humanities - Section of Prehistoric and Anthropological Sciences, University of Ferrara, Corso Ercole I d'Este 32, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Federica Badino
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani, 1 48121 Ravenna, Italy; Research Group on Vegetation, Climate and Human Stratigraphy, Lab of Palynology and Palaeoecology, CNR - Institute of Environmental Geology and Geoengineering (IGAG), 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Tina Saupe
- Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23b 51010 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Francesco Montinaro
- Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23b 51010 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Davide Margaritora
- Department of Humanities - Section of Prehistoric and Anthropological Sciences, University of Ferrara, Corso Ercole I d'Este 32, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Matteo Romandini
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani, 1 48121 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Federico Lugli
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani, 1 48121 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Andrea Papini
- Dentist surgeon, via Walter Tobagi 35, 59100 Prato, Italy
| | - Marco Boggioni
- Dentist surgeon, via D'Andrade 34/207, 16154 Genova Sestri Ponente, Italy
| | - Nicola Perrini
- Dentist surgeon, Centro di Odontoiatria e Stomatologia, Via Luca Signorelli, 5, 51100 Pistoia PT, Italy
| | - Antonio Oxilia
- General surgeon, via Marcantonio Della Torre, 7, 37131 Verona, Italy
| | | | - Rosa Barcelona
- Sequentia Biotech, Calle Comte D'Urgell 240, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso," National Research Council of Italy, Via P.Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy; Departamento de Matemáticas, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial de Barcelona (ETSEIB), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Davide Visentin
- Archaeology of Social Dynamics, Institució Milà i Fontanals, Spanish National Research Council (IMF-CSIC), C/Egipcíaques 15, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nicolò Fasser
- Department of Humanities - Section of Prehistoric and Anthropological Sciences, University of Ferrara, Corso Ercole I d'Este 32, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Simona Arrighi
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani, 1 48121 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Carla Figus
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani, 1 48121 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Giulia Marciani
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani, 1 48121 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Sara Silvestrini
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani, 1 48121 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Federico Bernardini
- Department of Humanities, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, Dorsoduro, 3484/D, 30123 Venezia, Italy; Multidisciplinary Laboratory, The "Abdus Salam" International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Strada Costiera, 11 - 34151 Trieste, Italy
| | - Jessica C Menghi Sartorio
- Department of Humanities - Section of Prehistoric and Anthropological Sciences, University of Ferrara, Corso Ercole I d'Este 32, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luca Fiorenza
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia; Earth Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | - Jacopo Moggi Cecchi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via del Proconsolo, 12, Firenze 50122, Italy
| | - Claudio Tuniz
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory, The "Abdus Salam" International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Strada Costiera, 11 - 34151 Trieste, Italy; Centre for Archaeological Science, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Toomas Kivisild
- Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23b 51010 Tartu, Estonia; Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Fernando Gianfrancesco
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso," National Research Council of Italy, Via P.Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Peresani
- Department of Humanities - Section of Prehistoric and Anthropological Sciences, University of Ferrara, Corso Ercole I d'Este 32, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Christiana L Scheib
- Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23b 51010 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sahra Talamo
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician," University of Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Department of Human Evolution, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maurizio D'Esposito
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso," National Research Council of Italy, Via P.Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Benazzi
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani, 1 48121 Ravenna, Italy; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Department of Human Evolution, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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4
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Marano D, Fioriniello S, Fiorillo F, Gibbons RJ, D'Esposito M, Della Ragione F. ATRX Contributes to MeCP2-Mediated Pericentric Heterochromatin Organization during Neural Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5371. [PMID: 31671722 PMCID: PMC6862095 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) is a multi-function factor involved in locus-specific transcriptional modulation and the regulation of genome architecture, e.g., pericentric heterochromatin (PCH) organization. MECP2 mutations are responsible for Rett syndrome (RTT), a devastating postnatal neurodevelopmental disorder, the pathogenetic mechanisms of which are still unknown. MeCP2, together with Alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked protein (ATRX), accumulates at chromocenters, which are repressive PCH domains. As with MECP2, mutations in ATRX cause ATR-X syndrome which is associated with severe intellectual disability. We exploited two murine embryonic stem cell lines, in which the expression of MeCP2 or ATRX is abolished. Through immunostaining, chromatin immunoprecipitation and western blot, we show that MeCP2 and ATRX are reciprocally dependent both for their expression and targeting to chromocenters. Moreover, ATRX plays a role in the accumulation of members of the heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) family at PCH and, as MeCP2, modulates their expression. Furthermore, ATRX and HP1 targeting to chromocenters depends on an RNA component. 3D-DNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) highlighted, for the first time, a contribution of ATRX in MeCP2-mediated chromocenter clustering during neural differentiation. Overall, we provide a detailed dissection of the functional interplay between MeCP2 and ATRX in higher-order PCH organization in neurons. Our findings suggest molecular defects common to RTT and ATR-X syndrome, including an alteration in PCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Marano
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'A. Buzzati-Traverso', National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Fioriniello
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'A. Buzzati-Traverso', National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Francesca Fiorillo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'A. Buzzati-Traverso', National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Richard J Gibbons
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK.
| | - Maurizio D'Esposito
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'A. Buzzati-Traverso', National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Floriana Della Ragione
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'A. Buzzati-Traverso', National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy.
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5
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Russo D, Della Ragione F, Rizzo R, Sugiyama E, Scalabrì F, Hori K, Capasso S, Sticco L, Fioriniello S, De Gregorio R, Granata I, Guarracino MR, Maglione V, Johannes L, Bellenchi GC, Hoshino M, Setou M, D'Esposito M, Luini A, D'Angelo G. Glycosphingolipid metabolic reprogramming drives neural differentiation. EMBO J 2017; 37:embj.201797674. [PMID: 29282205 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201797674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural development is accomplished by differentiation events leading to metabolic reprogramming. Glycosphingolipid metabolism is reprogrammed during neural development with a switch from globo- to ganglio-series glycosphingolipid production. Failure to execute this glycosphingolipid switch leads to neurodevelopmental disorders in humans, indicating that glycosphingolipids are key players in this process. Nevertheless, both the molecular mechanisms that control the glycosphingolipid switch and its function in neurodevelopment are poorly understood. Here, we describe a self-contained circuit that controls glycosphingolipid reprogramming and neural differentiation. We find that globo-series glycosphingolipids repress the epigenetic regulator of neuronal gene expression AUTS2. AUTS2 in turn binds and activates the promoter of the first and rate-limiting ganglioside-producing enzyme GM3 synthase, thus fostering the synthesis of gangliosides. By this mechanism, the globo-AUTS2 axis controls glycosphingolipid reprogramming and neural gene expression during neural differentiation, which involves this circuit in neurodevelopment and its defects in neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Russo
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Floriana Della Ragione
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,IRCCS INM, Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Riccardo Rizzo
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Eiji Sugiyama
- International Mass Imaging Center, Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Francesco Scalabrì
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,IRCCS INM, Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Kei Hori
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Serena Capasso
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico-SDN, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Sticco
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Roberto De Gregorio
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Ilaria Granata
- High Performance Computing and Networking Institute, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario R Guarracino
- High Performance Computing and Networking Institute, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Ludger Johannes
- Chemical Biology of Membranes and Therapeutic Delivery Unit, Institut Curie, INSERM U 1143, CNRS, UMR 3666, PSL Research University, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | | | - Mikio Hoshino
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Setou
- International Mass Imaging Center, Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Maurizio D'Esposito
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,IRCCS INM, Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Alberto Luini
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico-SDN, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni D'Angelo
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Naples, Italy .,Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico-SDN, Naples, Italy
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6
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Abstract
A complex system can be represented and analyzed as a network, where nodes represent the units of the network and edges represent connections between those units. For example, a brain network represents neurons as nodes and axons between neurons as edges. In many networks, some nodes have a disproportionately high number of edges as well as many edges between each other and are referred to as the "rich club". In many different networks, the nodes of this club are assumed to support global network integration. Here we show that another set of nodes, which have edges diversely distributed across the network, form a "diverse club". The diverse club exhibits, to a greater extent than the rich club, properties consistent with an integrative network function-these nodes are more highly interconnected and their edges are more critical for efficient global integration. Finally, these two clubs potentially evolved via distinct selection pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Bertolero
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute and Department of Psychology, University of California Berkeley, 132 Barker Hall Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Hayden Hall 318C, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - B T T Yeo
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore
- Memory Networks Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
| | - M D'Esposito
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute and Department of Psychology, University of California Berkeley, 132 Barker Hall Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
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7
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Sbardella D, Tundo GR, Campagnolo L, Valacchi G, Orlandi A, Curatolo P, Borsellino G, D'Esposito M, Ciaccio C, Cesare SD, Pierro DD, Galasso C, Santarone ME, Hayek J, Coletta M, Marini S. Retention of Mitochondria in Mature Human Red Blood Cells as the Result of Autophagy Impairment in Rett Syndrome. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12297. [PMID: 28951555 PMCID: PMC5614985 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12069-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rett Syndrome (RTT), which affects approximately 1:10.000 live births, is a X-linked pervasive neuro-developmental disorder which is caused, in the vast majority of cases, by a sporadic mutation in the Methyl-CpG-binding protein-2 (MeCP2) gene. This is a transcriptional activator/repressor with presumed pleiotropic activities. The broad tissue expression of MeCP2 suggests that it may be involved in several metabolic pathways, but the molecular mechanisms which provoke the onset and progression of the syndrome are largely unknown. In this paper, we report that primary fibroblasts that have been isolated from RTT patients display a defective formation of autophagosomes under conditions of nutrient starvation and that the mature Red Blood Cells of some RTT patients retain mitochondria. Moreover, we provide evidence regarding the accumulation of the p62/SQSTM1 protein and ubiquitin-aggregated structures in the cerebellum of Mecp2 knockout mouse model (Mecp2−/y) during transition from the non-symptomatic to the symptomatic stage of the disease. Hence, we propose that a defective autophagy could be involved in the RTT clinical phenotype, which introduces new molecular perspectives in the pathogenesis of the syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Sbardella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Grazia Raffaella Tundo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Campagnolo
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Plant for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Augusto Orlandi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Curatolo
- Department of Medicine of Systems, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio D'Esposito
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A.Buzzati Traverso", Naples, Italy.,IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzuoli, (Is), Italy
| | - Chiara Ciaccio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Di Cesare
- University Department of Pediatrics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Donato Di Pierro
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Galasso
- Department of Medicine of Systems, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Joussef Hayek
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, University Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese (AOUS), Siena, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Marini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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8
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Abstract
It has been a long trip from 1992, the year of the discovery of MECP2, to the present day. What is surprising is that some of the pivotal roles of MeCP2 were already postulated at that time, such as repression of inappropriate expression from repetitive elements and the regulation of pericentric heterochromatin condensation. However, MeCP2 performs many more functions. MeCP2 is a reader of epigenetic information contained in methylated (and hydroxymethylated) DNA, moving from the 'classical' CpG doublet to the more complex view addressed by the non-CpG methylation, which is a feature of the postnatal brain. MECP2 is a transcriptional repressor, although when it forms complexes with the appropriate molecules, it can become a transcriptional activator. For all of these aspects, Rett syndrome, which is caused by MECP2 mutations, is considered a paradigmatic example of a 'chromatin disorder'. Even if the hunt for bona-fide MECP2 target genes is far from concluded today, the role of MeCP2 in the maintenance of chromatin architecture appears to be clearly established. Taking a cue from the non-scientific literature, we can firmly attest that MeCP2 is a player with 'a great future behind it'*.*V. Gassmann 'Un grande avvenire dietro le spalle'. TEA Eds.
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9
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Liang A, Salzano A, D'Esposito M, Comin A, Montillo M, Yang L, Campanile G, Gasparrini B. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) concentration in follicular fluid and mRNA expression of AMH receptor type II and LH receptor in granulosa cells as predictive markers of good buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) donors. Theriogenology 2016; 86:963-970. [PMID: 27087535 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
High individual variability in follicular recruitment and hence in the number of embryos produced is a major factor limiting the application of reproductive technologies in buffalo. Therefore, the identification of reliable markers to select embryo donors is critical to enroll buffaloes in embryo production programs. Better understanding of factors involved in follicular growth is also necessary to improve the response to superovulation in this species. The aim of this work was thus to determine the anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) concentration in follicular fluid (FF) recovered from different size follicles and evaluate the mRNA expression profiles of development-related (AMHR2, CYP19A1, FSHR, and LHR) and apoptosis-related genes (TP53INP1 and CASP3) in the corresponding granulosa cells (GCs) in buffalo. Another objective was to evaluate whether the AMH concentration in FF and gene expression of GCs is associated with the antral follicular count. Ovaries were collected at the slaughterhouse, and all follicles were counted and classified as small (3-5 mm), medium (5-8 mm), and large (>8 mm). Follicular fluid was recovered for AMH determination, and the mRNA expression of AMHR2, FSHR, LHR, CYP19A1, TP53INP1, and CASP3 was analyzed in GCs. The AMH concentration in FF decreased (P < 0.01) at increasing follicular diameter. The mRNA expression of AMHR2 and FSHR was higher (P < 0.05) in small follicles, whereas that of LHR and CYP19A1 was higher (P < 0.05) in large follicles. The intrafollicular AMH concentration was positively correlated with the antral follicular count (r = 0.31; P < 0.05). Interestingly, good donors (≥12 follicles) had a higher (P < 0.05) concentration of AMH and AMHR2 levels in small follicles and higher (P < 0.05) LHR levels in large follicles than bad donors (<12 follicles). These results suggest a potential use of AMH to select buffalo donors to enroll in embryo production programs, laying the basis for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aixin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Angela Salzano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizio D'Esposito
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics ABT, National Research Council, Naples, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Antonella Comin
- Department of Food Science, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Marta Montillo
- Department of Food Science, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Liguo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Giuseppe Campanile
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Bianca Gasparrini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
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10
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Vacca M, Della Ragione F, Scalabrì F, D'Esposito M. X inactivation and reactivation in X-linked diseases. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 56:78-87. [PMID: 26994527 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
X chromosome inactivation (XCI) is the phenomenon by which mammals compensate for dosage of X-linked genes in females (XX) versus males (XY). XCI patterns can be random or show extreme skewing, and can modify the mode of inheritance of X-driven phenotypes, which contributes to the variability of human pathologies. Recent findings have shown reversibility of the XCI process, which has opened new avenues in the approaches used for the treatment of X-linked diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Vacca
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati Traverso", CNR, via Pietro Castellino, 111, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Floriana Della Ragione
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati Traverso", CNR, via Pietro Castellino, 111, 80131, Naples, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio D'Esposito
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati Traverso", CNR, via Pietro Castellino, 111, 80131, Naples, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
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11
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Vacca M, Tripathi KP, Speranza L, Aiese Cigliano R, Scalabrì F, Marracino F, Madonna M, Sanseverino W, Perrone-Capano C, Guarracino MR, D'Esposito M. Effects of Mecp2 loss of function in embryonic cortical neurons: a bioinformatics strategy to sort out non-neuronal cells variability from transcriptome profiling. BMC Bioinformatics 2016; 17 Suppl 2:14. [PMID: 26821710 PMCID: PMC4959389 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-015-0859-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mecp2 null mice model Rett syndrome (RTT) a human neurological disorder affecting females after apparent normal pre- and peri-natal developmental periods. Neuroanatomical studies in cerebral cortex of RTT mouse models revealed delayed maturation of neuronal morphology and autonomous as well as non-cell autonomous reduction in dendritic complexity of postnatal cortical neurons. However, both morphometric parameters and high-resolution expression profile of cortical neurons at embryonic developmental stage have not yet been studied. Here we address these topics by using embryonic neuronal primary cultures from Mecp2 loss of function mouse model. Results We show that embryonic primary cortical neurons of Mecp2 null mice display reduced neurite complexity possibly reflecting transcriptional changes. We used RNA-sequencing coupled with a bioinformatics comparative approach to identify and remove the contribution of variable and hard to quantify non-neuronal brain cells present in our in vitro cell cultures. Conclusions Our results support the need to investigate both Mecp2 morphological as well as molecular effect in neurons since prenatal developmental stage, long time before onset of Rett symptoms. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12859-015-0859-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Vacca
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati Traverso", National Research Council (CNR)-80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Kumar Parijat Tripathi
- Laboratory for Genomics, Transcriptomics and Proteomics (LAB-GTP), High Performance Computing and Networking Institute (ICAR), National Research Council (CNR)-80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Luisa Speranza
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati Traverso", National Research Council (CNR)-80131, Naples, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | - Walter Sanseverino
- Sequentia Biotech SL, Calle Comte D'Urgell, 240 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Carla Perrone-Capano
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati Traverso", National Research Council (CNR)-80131, Naples, Italy. .,Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| | - Mario Rosario Guarracino
- Laboratory for Genomics, Transcriptomics and Proteomics (LAB-GTP), High Performance Computing and Networking Institute (ICAR), National Research Council (CNR)-80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Maurizio D'Esposito
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati Traverso", National Research Council (CNR)-80131, Naples, Italy. .,IRCCS Neuromed, via dell'Elettronica, Pozzilli (Is), Italy.
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12
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Filosa S, Pecorelli A, D'Esposito M, Valacchi G, Hajek J. Exploring the possible link between MeCP2 and oxidative stress in Rett syndrome. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 88:81-90. [PMID: 25960047 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Rett syndrome (RTT, MIM 312750) is a rare and orphan progressive neurodevelopmental disorder affecting girls almost exclusively, with a frequency of 1/15,000 live births of girls. The disease is characterized by a period of 6 to 18 months of apparently normal neurodevelopment, followed by early neurological regression, with a progressive loss of acquired cognitive, social, and motor skills. RTT is known to be caused in 95% of the cases by sporadic de novo loss-of-function mutations in the X-linked methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MECP2) gene encoding methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2), a nuclear protein able to regulate gene expression. Despite almost two decades of research into the functions and role of MeCP2, little is known about the mechanisms leading from MECP2 mutation to the disease. Oxidative stress (OS) is involved in the pathogenic mechanisms of several neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders, although in many cases it is not clear whether OS is a cause or a consequence of the pathology. Fairly recently, the presence of a systemic OS has been demonstrated in RTT patients with a strong correlation with the patients' clinical status. The link between MECP2 mutation and the redox imbalance found in RTT is not clear. Animal studies have suggested a possible direct correlation between Mecp2 mutation and increased OS levels. In addition, the restoration of Mecp2 function in astrocytes significantly improves the developmental outcome of Mecp2-null mice and reexpression of Mecp2 gene in the brain of null mice restored oxidative damage, suggesting that Mecp2 loss of function can be involved in oxidative brain damage. Starting from the evidence that oxidative damage in the brain of Mecp2-null mice precedes the onset of symptoms, we evaluated whether, based on the current literature, the dysfunctions described in RTT could be a consequence or, in contrast, could be caused by OS. We also analyzed whether therapies that at least partially treated some RTT symptoms can play a role in defense against OS. At this stage we can propose that OS could be one of the main causes of the dysfunctions observed in RTT. In addition, the major part of the therapies recommended to alleviate RTT symptoms have been shown to interfere with oxidative homeostasis, suggesting that MeCP2 could somehow be involved in the protection of the brain from OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Filosa
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources-CNR, UOS Naples, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, University General Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Maurizio D'Esposito
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso"-CNR, Naples, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Joussef Hajek
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, University General Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
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Genesio R, Melis D, Gatto S, Izzo A, Ronga V, Cappuccio G, Lanzo A, Andria G, D'Esposito M, Matarazzo MR, Conti A, Nitsch L. Variegated silencing through epigenetic modifications of a large Xq region in a case of balanced X;2 translocation with Incontinentia Pigmenti-like phenotype. Epigenetics 2014; 6:1242-7. [DOI: 10.4161/epi.6.10.17698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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14
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Valacchi G, Sticozzi C, Belmonte G, Cervellati F, Pecorelli A, Signorini C, Leoncini S, Ciccoli L, De Felice C, Della Ragione F, Scalabri F, Marracino F, Madonna M, D'Esposito M, Joussef H, Cervellati F, Stefania F. Scavenger Receptor B1 oxidative post-translational modifications are responsible for its loss in Rett syndrome. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 75 Suppl 1:S10-1. [PMID: 26461280 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.10.855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The modulation of the HDL receptor scavenger receptor B1 (SRB1) was evaluated in skin fibroblasts isolated from Rett syndrome (RTT) patients, a rare neurodevelopmental disorder affecting almost exclusively females associated in up to 95% of cases to de novo loss-of-function mutations in the X-chromosome-linked gene encoding the methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2). Patients showed an altered plasma lipid profile, while their skin fibroblasts showed a dramatic reduction in SRB1 (immunogold, Western blot and immunohistochemistry). The decreased SRB1 levels were demonstrated to be the consequence of its binding with 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4HNE), a product of lipid peroxidation, and its increased ubiquitination. Therefore the loss of SRB1 in RTT cells is a consequence of the chronic oxidative stress status present in RTT. In addition RTT fibroblast presented high intracellular levels of H2O2 and 4HNE protein adducts. This finding was correlated with the constitutive activation of NADPH oxidase (NOX) and was reverted by DPI (NOX inhibitor) or Desferal (Iron chelator) pre-treatment. To confirm the alteration of status redox in RTT cells, the activity of several enzymes involved in protecting the cell from OS was also evaluated. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Supeoxide dismutase and Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activity were decreased respect to control. These data paralleled with a constitutive activation of NRF2 and elevated gene expression of Heme oxigenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone 1 (NQO-1). Of note, when NRF2 pathway was stimulated via exogenous oxidants, RTT fibroblast did not respond as the control cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Cinzia Signorini
- University of Siena, Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Italy
| | - Silvia Leoncini
- University of Siena, Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Italy
| | - Lucia Ciccoli
- University of Siena, Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Italy
| | - Claudio De Felice
- Azienda Ospedaliera Senese (Intensive Care), S. M. Le Scotte General Hospital, Italy
| | - Floriana Della Ragione
- CNR (IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy), Institute of Bioscience and BioResources UOS, Italy
| | - Francesco Scalabri
- CNR (IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy), Institute of Bioscience and BioResources UOS, Italy
| | - Federico Marracino
- CNR (IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy), Institute of Bioscience and BioResources UOS, Italy
| | - Michele Madonna
- CNR (IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy), Institute of Bioscience and BioResources UOS, Italy
| | - Maurizio D'Esposito
- CNR (IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy), Institute of Bioscience and BioResources UOS, Italy
| | - Hayek Joussef
- Azienda Ospedaliera Senese (Neuropsichiatria infantile), Italy
| | - Franco Cervellati
- University of Ferrara, Scienze biomediche e chirurgico specialistiche, Italy
| | - Filosa Stefania
- CNR (IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy), Institute of Bioscience and BioResources UOS, Italy
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15
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Strazzullo M, Gasparrini B, Neglia G, Balestrieri ML, Francioso R, Rossetti C, Nassa G, De Filippo MR, Weisz A, Di Francesco S, Vecchio D, D'Esposito M, D'Occhio MJ, Zicarelli L, Campanile G. Global transcriptome profiles of Italian Mediterranean buffalo embryos with normal and retarded growth. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90027. [PMID: 24587197 PMCID: PMC3938533 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcriptome profiles were compared for buffalo embryos with normal growth and embryos with retarded growth on Day 25 after mating. Embryos with retarded growth on Day 25 after mating have a reduced likelihood of undergoing attachment to the uterine endometrium and establishing a pregnancy. Italian Mediterranean buffaloes were mated by AI and on Day 25 underwent trans-rectal ultrasonography to ascertain embryo development. Embryos with an embryonic width (EW)>2.7 mm were classed as normal embryos and embryos with an EW<2.7 mm were classed as retarded embryos. Three buffaloes with embryos of the largest EW (3.7, 3.7 and 3.9 mm) and three buffaloes with embryos of the smallest EW (1.5, 1.6 and 1.9 mm) were slaughtered on Day 27 to recover embryos for transcriptome analysis using a bovine custom designed oligo array. A total of 1,047 transcripts were differentially expressed between embryos with normal growth and embryos with retarded growth. Retarded embryos showed 773/1,047 (74%) transcripts that were down-regulated and 274/1,047 (26%) transcripts that were up-regulated relative to normal embryos; in silico analyses focused on 680/1,047 (65%) of the differentially expressed transcripts. The most altered transcripts observed in retarded embryos were associated with membrane structure and function and with metabolic and homeostasis maintenance functions. Other notable functions altered in retarded embryos were developmental processes and in particular nervous system differentiation and function. Specific biochemical pathways such as the complement cascade and coagulation were also altered in retarded embryos. It was concluded from the findings that buffalo embryos with retarded growth on Day 25 after mating show altered gene expression compared with normal embryos, and some de-regulated functions are associated with attachment to the uterine endometrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Strazzullo
- Institute for Animal Production System in Mediterranean Environment, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Bianca Gasparrini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluca Neglia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Romina Francioso
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics ABT, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Cristina Rossetti
- Institute for Animal Production System in Mediterranean Environment, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Nassa
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Weisz
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | - Serena Di Francesco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Vecchio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizio D'Esposito
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics ABT, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Michael John D'Occhio
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, Australia
| | - Luigi Zicarelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Campanile
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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16
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Della Ragione F, Gagliardi M, D'Esposito M, Matarazzo MR. Non-coding RNAs in chromatin disease involving neurological defects. Front Cell Neurosci 2014; 8:54. [PMID: 24616662 PMCID: PMC3933927 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2014.00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel classes of small and long non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are increasingly becoming apparent, being engaged in diverse structural, functional and regulatory activities. They take part in target gene silencing, play roles in transcriptional, post-transcriptional and epigenetic processes, such as chromatin remodeling, nuclear reorganization with the formation of silent compartments and fine-tuning of gene recruitment into them. Among their functions, non-coding RNAs are thought to act either as guide or scaffold for epigenetic modifiers that write, erase, and read the epigenetic signature over the genome. Studies on human disorders caused by defects in epigenetic modifiers and involving neurological phenotypes highlight the disruption of diverse classes of non-coding RNAs. Noteworthy, these molecules mediate a wide spectrum of neuronal functions, including brain development, and synaptic plasticity. These findings imply a significant contribution of ncRNAs in pathophysiology of the aforesaid diseases and provide new concepts for potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floriana Della Ragione
- Functional Genomics and Epigenomics Laboratory, Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "ABT," Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Naples, Italy ; Laboratorio di Genomica e di Epigenomica, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Neuromed Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Miriam Gagliardi
- Functional Genomics and Epigenomics Laboratory, Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "ABT," Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Naples, Italy ; Laboratorio di Genomica e di Epigenomica, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Neuromed Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Maurizio D'Esposito
- Functional Genomics and Epigenomics Laboratory, Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "ABT," Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Naples, Italy ; Laboratorio di Genomica e di Epigenomica, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Neuromed Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Maria R Matarazzo
- Functional Genomics and Epigenomics Laboratory, Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "ABT," Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Naples, Italy ; Laboratorio di Genomica e di Epigenomica, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Neuromed Pozzilli, Italy
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17
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Tudisco L, Della Ragione F, Tarallo V, Apicella I, D'Esposito M, Matarazzo MR, De Falco S. Epigenetic control of hypoxia inducible factor-1α-dependent expression of placental growth factor in hypoxic conditions. Epigenetics 2014; 9:600-10. [PMID: 24504136 DOI: 10.4161/epi.27835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia plays a crucial role in the angiogenic switch, modulating a large set of genes mainly through the activation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) transcriptional complex. Endothelial cells play a central role in new vessels formation and express placental growth factor (PlGF), a member of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family, mainly involved in pathological angiogenesis. Despite several observations suggest a hypoxia-mediated positive modulation of PlGF, the molecular mechanism governing this regulation has not been fully elucidated. We decided to investigate if epigenetic modifications are involved in hypoxia-induced PlGF expression. We report that PlGF expression was induced in cultured human and mouse endothelial cells exposed to hypoxia (1% O 2), although DNA methylation at the Plgf CpG-island remains unchanged. Remarkably, robust hyperacetylation of histones H3 and H4 was observed in the second intron of Plgf, where hypoxia responsive elements (HREs), never described before, are located. HIF-1α, but not HIF-2α, binds to identified HREs. Noteworthy, only HIF-1α silencing fully inhibited PlGF upregulation. These results formally demonstrate a direct involvement of HIF-1α in the upregulation of PlGF expression in hypoxia through chromatin remodeling of HREs sites. Therefore, PlGF may be considered one of the putative targets of anti-HIF therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Tudisco
- Istituto di Genetica e Biofisica "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso"; National Research Council; Napoli, Italy
| | - Floriana Della Ragione
- Istituto di Genetica e Biofisica "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso"; National Research Council; Napoli, Italy; Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Neuromed; Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Valeria Tarallo
- Istituto di Genetica e Biofisica "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso"; National Research Council; Napoli, Italy
| | - Ivana Apicella
- Istituto di Genetica e Biofisica "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso"; National Research Council; Napoli, Italy
| | - Maurizio D'Esposito
- Istituto di Genetica e Biofisica "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso"; National Research Council; Napoli, Italy; Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Neuromed; Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Matarazzo
- Istituto di Genetica e Biofisica "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso"; National Research Council; Napoli, Italy; Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Neuromed; Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Sandro De Falco
- Istituto di Genetica e Biofisica "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso"; National Research Council; Napoli, Italy
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18
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Grossman M, Mickanin J, Onishi K, Hughes E, D'Esposito M, Ding XS, Alavi A, Reivich M. Progressive Nonfluent Aphasia: Language, Cognitive, and PET Measures Contrasted with Probable Alzheimer's Disease. J Cogn Neurosci 2013; 8:135-54. [PMID: 23971420 DOI: 10.1162/jocn.1996.8.2.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the language and cognitive profiles of four progressive nonfluent aphasia (PNFA) patients with 25 probable Alzheimer's disease (pAD) patients, and to identify the distinct cortical defects associated with cognitive deficits in PNFA using positron emission tomography (PET). Longitudinal observations of PNFA patients revealed progressively telegraphic speech and writing and a gradual deterioration of sentence comprehension, but memory and visual functioning were relatively preserved. Direct contrast with PAD patients revealed that PNFA patients are significantly impaired on grammatical phrase structure aspects of sentence comprehension and expression, phonemic judgments, repetition, and digit span, but not on other cognitive measures. PET studies of PNFA revealed reduced cortical activity throughout the left hemisphere. In addition, there was a prominent defect in left superior and middle temporal and inferior frontal regions of PNFA patients that differed significantly from the distribution of regional cerebral dysfunction in pAD. We conclude that PNFA is associated with a distinct profile of language and cognitive difficulty, and that this pattern of impairment is related to cortical dysfunction in a specific distribution of the left hemisphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Grossman
- University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
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19
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Altamura G, Strazzullo M, Corteggio A, Francioso R, Roperto F, D'Esposito M, Borzacchiello G. O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase in equine sarcoids: molecular and epigenetic analysis. BMC Vet Res 2012; 8:218. [PMID: 23140380 PMCID: PMC3512464 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-8-218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bovine papillomaviruses (BPVs) types 1 and 2 are the only known papillomaviruses able to jump the species. In fact, BPVs 1/2 induce neoplasia in their natural bovine host but infection is also associated to neoplastic skin lesions in equids termed sarcoids. The equine sarcoid is considered to be the most common equine cutaneous tumour worldwide for which no effective therapy is available. Very little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying tumourigenesis, although genes contributing to sarcoid development have been identified. Several studies associate the development of cancer to the loss of function of a number of oncosuppressor genes. In this study the putative role of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltrasferase (MGMT) was investigated for sarcoids. The expression of the oncosuppressor protein was assessed in normal and sarcoid cells and tissues. In addition, the DNA methylation profile was analysed to assess the role of epigenetic mechanism in regulation of MGMT expression. Results A group of 15 equine sarcoids and two primary sarcoid cell lines (fibroblasts) were analyzed for the expression of MGMT protein by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and Western blotting techniques. The sarcoid cell line EqSO4b and the tumour samples showed a reduction or absence of MGMT expression. To investigate the causes of deregulated MGMT expression, ten samples were analyzed for the DNA methylation profile of the CpG island associated to the MGMT promoter. The analysis of 73 CpGs encompassing the region of interest showed in 1 out of 10 (10%) sarcoids a pronouncedly altered methylation profile when compared to the control epidermal sample. Similarily the EqSO4b cell line showed an altered MGMT methylation pattern in comparison to normal fibroblasts. Conclusion As previously demonstrated for the oncosuppressor gene FHIT, analysis of MGMT expression in sarcoid tissues and a sarcoid-derived fibroblast cell line further suggests that oncosuppressor silencing may be also involved in BPV-induced equine tumours. Abnormal DNA methylation seems to be one of the possible molecular mechanisms involved in the alteration of MGMT expression. Further studies are required to address other basic molecular mechanisms involved in reduced MGMT expression. This study underlines the possible role of DNA methylation in oncosuppressor inactivation in equine sarcoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Altamura
- Department of Pathology and Animal health, University of Naples Federico II, Via Veterinaria, 1-80137, Napoli, Italy
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Della Ragione F, Filosa S, Scalabrì F, D'Esposito M. MeCP2 as a genome-wide modulator: the renewal of an old story. Front Genet 2012; 3:181. [PMID: 22973303 PMCID: PMC3438687 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2012.00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of MeCP2, its functions have attracted the interest of generations of molecular biologists. Its function as a transducer of DNA methylation, the major post-biosynthetic modification found throughout genomes, and its association with the neurodevelopmental disease Rett syndrome highlight its central role as a transcriptional regulator, and, at the same time, poses puzzling questions concerning its roles in physiology and pathology. The classical model of the MeCP2 function predicts its role in gene-specific repression through the binding of methylated DNA, via its interaction with the histone deacetylases and co-repressor complexes. This view has been questioned and, intriguingly, new roles for MeCP2 as a splicing modulator and as a transcriptional activator have been proposed. Recent data have demonstrated that MeCP2 is extremely abundant in the neurons, where it reaches the level of histone H1; it is widely distributed, tracking the methylated CpGs, and regulates repetitive elements expression. The role of MeCP2 in maintaining the global chromatin structure is further sustained by its involvement in other biologically relevant phenomena, such as the Line-1 repetitive sequences retrotransposition and the pericentromeric heterochromatin clustering during cellular differentiation. These new concepts renew the old view suggesting a role for DNA methylation in transcriptional noise reduction, pointing to a key role for MeCP2 in the modulation of the genome architecture.
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Gratton C, Sreenivasan K, Silver M, D'Esposito M. Effects of feature-based attention on voxel tuning curves for individual faces. J Vis 2012. [DOI: 10.1167/12.9.915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Chiong W, Wilson S, D'Esposito M, Zhou J, Grossman S, Poorzand P, Miller B, Rankin K. Decreased Default Mode Network Activation during Personal Moral Judgment in Frontotemporal Dementia (PD7.006). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.pd7.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Kayser A, D'Esposito M. Abstract Rule Learning: The Differential Effects of Lesions in Frontal Cortex (PD7.007). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.pd7.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Novakovic-Agopian T, Chen A, Abrams G, Rossi A, Binder D, Muir J, Murphy M, Carlin G, Fitzsimmons R, D'Esposito M. Goal-Oriented Attention Regulation Training in Veterans with Chronic TBI (P01.186). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p01.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Kayser A, D'Esposito M. Abstract Rule Learning: The Differential Effects of Lesions in Frontal Cortex (IN4-2.003). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.in4-2.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Strazzullo M, Corteggio A, Altamura G, Francioso R, Roperto F, D'Esposito M, Borzacchiello G. Molecular and epigenetic analysis of the fragile histidine triad tumour suppressor gene in equine sarcoids. BMC Vet Res 2012; 8:30. [PMID: 22424615 PMCID: PMC3361464 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-8-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sarcoids are peculiar equine benign tumours. Their onset is associated with Bovine Papillomavirus type -1 or -2 (BPV-1/2) infection. Little is known about the molecular interplay between viral infection and neoplastic transformation. The data regarding papillomavirus infections in human species show the inactivation of a number of tumour suppressor genes as basic mechanism of transformation. In this study the putative role of the tumour suppressor gene Fragile Histidine Triad (FHIT) in sarcoid tumour was investigated in different experimental models. The expression of the oncosuppressor protein was assessed in normal and sarcoid cells and tissue. Results Nine paraffin embedded sarcoids and sarcoid derived cell lines were analysed for the expression of FHIT protein by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence techniques and western blotting. These analyses revealed the absence of signal in seven out of nine sarcoids. The two sarcoid derived cell lines too showed a reduced signal of the protein. To investigate the causes of the altered protein expression, the samples were analysed for the DNA methylation profile of the CpG island associated with the FHIT promoter. The analysis of the 32 CpGs encompassing the region of interest showed no significative differential methylation profile between pathological tissues and cell lines and their normal counterparts. Conclusion This study represent a further evidence of the role of a tumour suppressor gene in equine sarcoids and approaches the epigenetic regulation in this well known equine neoplasm. The data obtained in sarcoid tissues and sarcoid derived cell lines suggest that also in horse, as in humans, there is a possible involvement of the tumour suppressor FHIT gene in BPV induced tumours. DNA methylation seems not to be involved in the gene expression alteration. Further studies are needed to understand the basic molecular mechanisms involved in reduced FHIT expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Strazzullo
- Department of Pathology and Animal Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via Veterinaria, Naples, Italy
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De Felice C, Maffei S, Signorini C, Leoncini S, Lunghetti S, Valacchi G, D'Esposito M, Filosa S, Della Ragione F, Butera G, Favilli R, Ciccoli L, Hayek J. Subclinical myocardial dysfunction in Rett syndrome. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2011; 13:339-45. [PMID: 22113206 DOI: 10.1093/ejechocard/jer256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Rett syndrome (RTT) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder frequently linked to methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2) gene mutations. RTT is associated with a 300-fold increased risk of sudden cardiac death. Rhythm abnormalities and cardiac dysautonomia do not to fully account for cardiac mortality. Conversely, heart function in RTT has not been explored to date. Recent data indicate a previously unrecognized role of MeCP2 in cardiomyocytes development. Besides, increased oxidative stress markers (OS) have been found in RTT. We hypothesized that (i) RTT patients present a subclinical biventricular dysfunction and (ii) the myocardial dysfunction correlate with OS. METHODS AND RESULTS We evaluated typical (n = 72) and atypical (n = 20) RTT female and healthy controls (n = 92). Main outcome measurements were (i) echocardiographic biventricular systo-diastolic parameters; (ii) correlation between echocardiographic measures and OS levels, i.e. plasma and intra-erythrocyte non-protein-bound iron (NPBI) and plasma F2-Isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs). A significant reduction in longitudinal biventricular function (tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, mitral annular plane systolic excursion, S' of lateral and septal mitral annulus, S' of tricuspidal annulus) was evidenced in RTT patients vs. controls. No significant changes in the LV ejection fraction were found. Peak-early filling parameters (E, E' of lateral mitral annulus, E' of tricuspidal annulus) and right ventricular systolic pressure were reduced. A-wave, E/A, and E/E' were normal. OS markers were increased, but only F2-IsoPs correlated to LV systolic dysfunction. CONCLUSION These data indicate a previously unrecognized subclinical systo-diastolic biventricular myocardial dysfunction in typical and atypical RTT patients. A reduced preload is evidenced. The biventricular dysfunction is partially related to OS damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio De Felice
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University General Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Viale M. Bracci 16, Siena, Italy.
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De Felice C, Signorini C, Durand T, Oger C, Guy A, Bultel-Poncé V, Galano JM, Ciccoli L, Leoncini S, D'Esposito M, Filosa S, Pecorelli A, Valacchi G, Hayek J. F2-dihomo-isoprostanes as potential early biomarkers of lipid oxidative damage in Rett syndrome. J Lipid Res 2011; 52:2287-2297. [PMID: 21917727 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p017798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative damage has been reported in Rett syndrome (RTT), a pervasive developmental disorder caused in up to 95% of cases by mutations in the X-linked methyl-CpG binding protein 2 gene. Herein, we have synthesized F(2)-dihomo-isoprostanes (F(2)-dihomo-IsoPs), peroxidation products from adrenic acid (22:4 n-6), a known component of myelin, and tested the potential value of F(2)-dihomo-IsoPs as a novel disease marker and its relationship with clinical presentation and disease progression. F(2)-dihomo-IsoPs were determined by gas chromatography/negative-ion chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Newly synthesized F(2)-dihomo-IsoP isomers [ent-7(RS)-F(2t)-dihomo-IsoP and 17-F(2t)-dihomo-IsoP] were used as reference standards. The measured ions were the product ions at m/z 327 derived from the [M-181](-) precursor ions (m/z 597) produced from both the derivatized ent-7(RS)-F(2t)-dihomo-IsoP and 17-F(2t)-dihomo-IsoP. Average plasma F(2)-dihomo-IsoP levels in RTT were about one order of magnitude higher than those in healthy controls, being higher in typical RTT as compared with RTT variants, with a remarkable increase of about two orders of magnitude in patients at the earliest stage of the disease followed by a steady decrease during the natural clinical progression. hese data indicate for the first time that quantification of F(2)-dihomo-IsoPs in plasma represents an early marker of the disease and may provide a better understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms behind the neurological regression in patients with RTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio De Felice
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Signorini
- Department of Pathophysiology, Experimental Medicine, and Public Health, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS - UM I - UM II, Montpellier, France
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS - UM I - UM II, Montpellier, France
| | - Alexandre Guy
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS - UM I - UM II, Montpellier, France
| | - Valérie Bultel-Poncé
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS - UM I - UM II, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Marie Galano
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS - UM I - UM II, Montpellier, France
| | - Lucia Ciccoli
- Department of Pathophysiology, Experimental Medicine, and Public Health, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Silvia Leoncini
- Department of Pathophysiology, Experimental Medicine, and Public Health, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Maurizio D'Esposito
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati Traverso," CNR, Napoli, Italy; Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Stefania Filosa
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati Traverso," CNR, Napoli, Italy; Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Department of Pathophysiology, Experimental Medicine, and Public Health, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea; Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; and
| | - Joussef Hayek
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, University Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
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Fallows R, McCoy K, Hertza J, Klosson E, Estes B, Stroescu I, Salinas C, Stringer A, Aronson S, MacAllister W, Spurgin A, Morriss M, Glasier P, Stavinoha P, Houshyarnejad A, Jacobus J, Norman M, Peery S, Mattingly M, Pennuto T, Anderson-Hanley C, Miele A, Dunnam M, Edwards M, O'Bryant S, Johnson L, Barber R, Inscore A, Kegel J, Kozlovsky A, Tarantino B, Goldberg A, Herrera-Pino J, Jubiz-Bassi N, Rashid K, Noniyeva Y, Vo K, Stephens V, Gomez R, Sanders C, Kovacs M, Walton B, Schmitter-Edgecombe M, Schmitter-Edgecombe M, Parsey C, Cook D, Woods S, Weinborn M, Velnoweth A, Rooney A, Bucks R, Adalio C, White S, Blair J, Barber B, Marcy S, Barber B, Marcy S, Boseck J, McCormick C, Davis A, Berry K, Koehn E, Tiberi N, Gelder B, Brooks B, Sherman E, Garcia M, Robillard R, Gunner J, Miele A, Lynch J, McCaffrey R, Hamilton J, Froming K, Nemeth D, Steger A, Lebby P, Harrison J, Mounoutoua A, Preiss J, Brimager A, Gates E, Chang J, Cisneros H, Long J, Petrauskas V, Casey J, Picard E, Long J, Petrauskas V, Casey J, Picard E, Miele A, Gunner J, Lynch J, McCaffrey R, Rodriguez M, Fonseca F, Golden C, Davis J, Wall J, DeRight J, Jorgensen R, Lewandowski L, Ortigue S, Etherton J, Axelrod B, Green C, Snead H, Semrud-Clikeman M, Kirk J, Connery A, Kirkwood M, Hanson ML, Fazio R, Denney R, Myers W, McGuire A, Tree H, Waldron-Perrine B, Goldenring Fine J, Spencer R, Pangilinan P, Bieliauskas L, Na S, Waldron-Perrine B, Tree H, Spencer R, Pangilinan P, Bieliauskas L, Peck C, Bledsoe J, Schroeder R, Boatwright B, Heinrichs R, Baade L, Rohling M, Hill B, Ploetz D, Womble M, Shenesey J, Schroeder R, Semrud-Clikeman M, Baade L, VonDran E, Webster B, Brockman C, Burgess A, Heinrichs R, Schroeder R, Baade L, VonDran E, Webster B, Goldenring Fine J, Brockman C, Heinrichs R, Schroeder R, Baade L, VonDran E, Webster B, Brockman C, Heinrichs R, Schroeder R, Baade L, Bledsoe J, VonDran E, Webster B, Brockman C, Heinrichs R, Schroeder R, Baade L, VonDran E, Webster B, Brockman C, Heinrichs R, Thaler N, Strauss G, White T, Gold J, Tree H, Waldron-Perrine B, Spencer R, McGuire A, Na S, Pangilinan P, Bieliauskas L, Allen D, Vincent A, Roebuck-Spencer T, Cooper D, Bowles A, Gilliland K, Watts A, Ahmed F, Miller L, Yon A, Gordon B, Bello D, Bennett T, Yon A, Gordon B, Bennett T, Wood N, Etcoff L, Thede L, Oraker J, Gibson F, Stanford L, Gray S, Vroman L, Semrud-Clikeman M, Taylor T, Seydel K, Bure-Reyes A, Stewart J, Tourgeman I, Demsky Y, Golden C, Burns W, Gray S, Burns K, Calderon C, Tourgeman I, Golden C, Neblina C, San Miguel Montes L, Allen D, Strutt A, Scott B, Strutt A, Scott B, Armstrong P, Booth C, Blackstone K, Moore D, Gouaux B, Ellis R, Atkinson J, Grant I, Brennan L, Schultheis M, Hurtig H, Weintraub D, Duda J, Moberg P, Chute D, Siderowf A, Brescian N, Gass C, Brewster R, King T, Morris R, Krawiecki N, Dinishak D, Richardson G, Estes B, Knight M, Hertza J, Fallows R, McCoy K, Garcia S, Strain G, Devlin M, Cohen R, Paul R, Crosby R, Mitchell J, Gunstad J, Hancock L, Bruce J, Roberg B, Lynch S, Hertza J, Klosson E, Varnadore E, Schiff W, Estes B, Hertza J, Varnadore E, Estes B, Kaufman R, Rinehardt E, Schoenberg M, Mattingly M, Rosado Y, Velamuri S, LeBlanc M, Pimental P, Lynch-Chee S, Broshek D, Lyons P, McKeever J, Morse C, Ang J, Leist T, Tracy J, Schultheis M, Morgan E, Woods S, Rooney A, Perry W, Grant I, Letendre S, Morse C, McKeever J, Schultheis M, Musso M, Jones G, Hill B, Proto D, Barker A, Gouvier W, Nersesova K, Drexler M, Cherkasova E, Sakamoto M, Marcotte T, Hilsabeck R, Perry W, Carlson M, Barakat F, Hassanein T, Shevchik K, McCaw W, Schrock B, Smith M, Moser D, Mills J, Epping E, Paulsen J, Somogie M, Bruce J, Bryan F, Buscher L, Tyrer J, Stabler A, Thelen J, Lovelace C, Spurgin A, Graves D, Greenberg B, Harder L, Szczebak M, Glisky M, Thelen J, Lynch S, Hancock L, Bruce J, Ukueberuwa D, Arnett P, Vahter L, Ennok M, Pall K, Gross-Paju K, Vargas G, Medaglia J, Chiaravalloti N, Zakrzewski C, Hillary F, Andrews A, Golden C, Belloni K, Nicewander J, Miller D, Johnson S, David Z, Weideman E, Lawson D, Currier E, Morton J, Robinson J, Musso M, Hill B, Barker A, Pella R, Jones G, Proto D, Gouvier W, Vertinski M, Allen D, Thaler N, Heisler D, Park B, Barney S, Kucukboyaci N, Girard H, Kemmotsu N, Cheng C, Kuperman J, McDonald C, Carroll C, Odland A, Miller L, Mittenberg W, Coalson D, Wahlstrom D, Raiford S, Holdnack J, Ennok M, Vahter L, Gardner E, Dasher N, Fowler B, Vik P, Grajewski M, Lamar M, Penney D, Davis R, Korthauer L, Libon D, Kumar A, Holdnack J, Iverson G, Chelune G, Hunter C, Zimmerman E, Klein R, Prathiba N, Hopewell A, Cooper D, Kennedy J, Long M, Moses J, Lutz J, Tiberi N, Dean R, Miller J, Axelrod B, Van Dyke S, Rapport L, Schutte C, Hanks R, Pella R, Fallows R, McCoy K, O'Rourke J, Hilsabeck R, Petrauskas V, Bowden S, Romero R, Hulkonen R, Boivin M, Bangirana P, John C, Shapiro E, Slonaker A, Pass L, Smigielski J, Biernacka J, Geske J, Hall-Flavin D, Loukianova L, Schneekloth T, Abulseoud O, Mrazek D, Karpyak V, Terranova J, Safko E, Heisler D, Thaler N, Allen D, Van Dyke S, Axelrod B, Zink D, Puente A, Ames H, LePage J, Carroll C, Knee K, Mittenberg W, Cummings T, Webbe F, Shepherd E, Marcinak J, Diaz-Santos M, Seichepine D, Sullivan K, Neargarder S, Cronin-Golomb A, Franchow E, Suchy Y, Kraybill M, Holland A, Newton S, Hinson D, Smith A, Coe M, Carmona J, Harrison D, Hyer L, Atkinson M, Dalibwala J, Yeager C, Hyer L, Scott C, Atkinson M, Yeager C, Jacobson K, Olson K, Pella R, Fallows R, McCoy K, O'Rourke J, Hilsabeck R, Rosado Y, Kaufman R, Velamuri S, Rinehardt E, Mattingly M, Sartori A, Clay O, Ovalle F, Rothman R, Crowe M, Schmid A, Horne L, Horn G, Johnson-Markve B, Gorman P, Stewart J, Bure-Reyes A, Golden C, Tam J, McAlister C, Schmitter-Edgecombe M, Wagner M, Brenner L, Walker A, Armstrong L, Inman E, Grimmett J, Gray S, Cornelius A, Hertza J, Klosson E, Varnadore E, Schiff W, Estes B, Johnson L, Willingham M, Restrepo L, Bolanos J, Patel F, Golden C, Rice J, Dougherty M, Golden C, Sharma V, Martin P, Golden C, Bradley E, Dinishak D, Lockwood C, Poole J, Brickell T, Lange R, French L, Chao L, Klein S, Dunnam M, Miele A, Warner G, Donnelly K, Donnelly J, Kittleson J, Bradshaw C, Alt M, England D, Denney R, Meyers J, Evans J, Lynch-Chee S, Kennedy C, Moore J, Fedor A, Spitznagel M, Gunstad J, Ferland M, Guerrero NK, Davidson P, Collins B, Marshall S, Herrera-Pino J, Samper G, Ibarra S, Parrott D, Steffen F, Backhaus S, Karver C, Wade S, Taylor H, Brown T, Kirkwood M, Stancin T, Krishnan K, Culver C, Arenivas A, Bosworth C, Shokri-Kojori E, Diaz-Arrastia R, Marquez de la PC, Lange R, Ivins B, Marshall K, Schwab K, Parkinson G, Iverson G, Bhagwat A, French L, Lichtenstein J, Adams-Deutsch Z, Fleischer J, Goldberg K, Lichtenstein J, Adams-Deutsch Z, Fleischer J, Goldberg K, Lichtenstein J, Fleischer J, Goldberg K, Lockwood C, Ehrler M, Hull A, Bradley E, Sullivan C, Poole J, Lockwood C, Sullivan C, Hull A, Bradley E, Ehrler M, Poole J, Marcinak J, Schuster D, Al-Khalil K, Webbe F, Myers A, Ireland S, Simco E, Carroll C, Mittenberg W, Palmer E, Poole J, Bradley E, Dinishak D, Piecora K, Marcinak J, Al-Khalil K, Mroczek N, Schuster D, Snyder A, Rabinowitz A, Arnett P, Schatz P, Cameron N, Stolberg P, Hart J, Jones W, Mayfield J, Allen D, Sullivan K, Edmed S, Vanderploeg R, Silva M, Vaughan C, McGuire E, Gerst E, Fricke S, VanMeter J, Newman J, Gioia G, Vaughan C, VanMeter J, McGuire E, Gioia G, Newman J, Gerst E, Fricke S, Wahlberg A, Zelonis S, Chatterjee A, Smith S, Whipple E, Mace L, Manning K, Ang J, Schultheis M, Wilk J, Herrell R, Hoge C, Zakzanis K, Yu S, Jeffay E, Zimmer A, Webbe F, Piecora K, Schuster D, Zimmer A, Piecora K, Schuster D, Webbe F, Adler M, Holster J, Golden C, Andrews A, Schleicher-Dilks S, Golden C, Arffa S, Thornton J, Arffa S, Thornton J, Arffa S, Thornton J, Arffa S, Thornton J, Canas A, Sevadjian C, Fournier A, Miller D, Maricle D, Donders J, Larsen T, Gidley Larson J, Sheehan J, Suchy Y, Higgins K, Rolin S, Dunham K, Akeson S, Horton A, Reynolds C, Horton A, Reynolds C, Jordan L, Gonzalez S, Heaton S, McAlister C, Tam J, Schmitter-Edgecombe M, Olivier T, West S, Golden C, Prinzi L, Martin P, Robbins J, Bruzinski B, Golden C, Riccio C, Blakely A, Yoon M, Reynolds C, Robbins J, Prinzi L, Martin P, Golden C, Schleicher-Dilks S, Andrews A, Adler M, Pearlson J, Golden C, Sevadjian C, Canas A, Fournier A, Miller D, Maricle D, Sheehan J, Gidley LJ, Suchy Y, Sherman E, Carlson H, Gaxiola-Valdez I, Wei X, Beaulieu C, Hader W, Brooks B, Kirton A, Barlow K, Hrabok M, Mohamed I, Wiebe S, Smith K, Ailion A, Ivanisevic M, King T, Smith K, King T, Thorgusen S, Bowman D, Suchy Y, Walsh K, Mitchell F, Jill G, Iris P, Ross K, Madan-Swain A, Gioia G, Isquith P, Webber D, DeFilippis N, Collins M, Hill F, Weber R, Johnson A, Wiley C, Zimmerman E, Burns T, DeFilippis N, Ritchie D, Odland A, Stevens A, Mittenberg W, Hartlage L, Williams B, Weidemann E, Demakis G, Avila J, Razani J, Burkhart S, Adams W, Edwards M, O'Bryant S, Hall J, Johnson L, Grammas P, Gong G, Hargrave K, Mattevada S, Barber R, Hall J, Vo H, Johnson L, Barber R, O'Bryant S, Hill B, Davis J, O'Connor K, Musso M, Rehm-Hamilton T, Ploetz D, Rohling M, Rodriguez M, Potter E, Loewenstein D, Duara R, Golden C, Velamuri S, Rinehardt E, Schoenberg M, Mattingly M, Kaufman R, Rosado Y, Boseck J, Tiberi N, McCormick C, Davis A, Hernandez Finch M, Gelder B, Cannon M, McGregor S, Reitman D, Rey J, Scarisbrick D, Holdnack J, Iverson G, Thaler N, Bello D, Whoolery H, Etcoff L, Vekaria P, Whittington L, Nemeth D, Gremillion A, Olivier T, Amirthavasagam S, Jeffay E, Zakzanis K, Barney S, Umuhoza D, Strauss G, Knatz-Bello D, Allen D, Bolanos J, Bell J, Restrepo L, Frisch D, Golden C, Hartlage L, Williams B, Iverson G, McIntosh D, Kjernisted K, Young A, Kiely T, Tai C, Gomez R, Schatzberg A, Keller J, Rhodes E, Ajilore O, Zhang A, Kumar A, Lamar M, Ringdahl E, Sutton G, Turner A, Snyder J, Allen D, Verbiest R, Thaler N, Strauss G, Allen D, Walkenhorst E, Crowe S, August-Fedio A, Sexton J, Cummings S, Brown K, Fedio P, Grigorovich A, Fish J, Gomez M, Leach L, Lloyd H, Nichols M, Goldberg M, Novakovic-Agopian T, Chen A, Abrams G, Rossi A, Binder D, Muir J, Carlin G, Murphy M, McKim R, Fitsimmons R, D'Esposito M, Shevchik K, McCaw W, Schrock B, Vernon A, Frank R, Ona PZ, Freitag E, Weber E, Woods S, Kellogg E, Grant I, Basso M, Dyer B, Daniel M, Michael P, Fontanetta R, Martin P, Golden C, Gass C, Stripling A, Odland A, Holster J, Corsun-Ascher C, Olivier T, Golden C, Legaretta M, Vik P, Van Ness E, Fowler B, Noll K, Denney D, Wiechman A, Stephanie T, Greenberg B, Lacritz L, Padua M, Sandhu K, Moses J, Sordahl J, Anderson J, Wheaton V, Anderson J, Berggren K, Cheung D, Luber H, Loftis J, Huckans M, Bennett T, Dawson C, Soper H, Bennett T, Soper H, Carter K, Hester A, Ringe W, Spence J, Posamentier M, Hart J, Haley R, Fallows R, Pella R, McCoy K, O'Rourke J, Hilsabeck R, Fallows R, Pella R, McCoy K, O'Rourke J, Hilsabeck R, Gass C, Curiel R, Gass C, Stripling A, Odland A, Goldberg M, Lloyd H, Gremillion A, Nemeth D, Whittington L, Hu E, Vik P, Dasher N, Fowler B, Jeffay E, Zakzanis K, Jordan S, DeFilippis N, Collins M, Goetsch V, Small S, Mansoor Y, Homer-Smith E, Lockwood C, Moses J, Martin P, Odland A, Fontanetta R, Sharma V, Golden C, Odland A, Martin P, Perle J, Gass C, Simco E, Mittenberg W, Patt V, Minassian A, Perry W, Polott S, Webbe F, Mulligan K, Shaneyfelt K, Wall J, Thompson J, Tai C, Kiely T, Compono V, Trettin L, Gomez R, Schatzberg A, Keller J, Tsou J, Pearlson J, Sharma V, Tourgeman I, Golden C, Waldron-Perrine B, Tree H, Spencer R, McGuire A, Na S, Pangilinan P, Bieliauskas L, You S, Moses J, An K, Jeffay E, Zakzanis K, Biddle C, Fazio R, Willett K, Rolin S, O'Grady M, Denney R, Bresnan K, Erlanger D, Seegmiller R, Kaushik T, Brooks B, Krol A, Carlson H, Sherman E, Davis J, McHugh T, Axelrod B, Hanks R. Grand Rounds. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acr056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Vacca M, Albania L, Della Ragione F, Carpi A, Rossi V, Strazzullo M, De Franceschi N, Rossetto O, Filippini F, D'Esposito M. Alternative splicing of the human gene SYBL1 modulates protein domain architecture of Longin VAMP7/TI-VAMP, showing both non-SNARE and synaptobrevin-like isoforms. BMC Mol Biol 2011; 12:26. [PMID: 21609427 PMCID: PMC3123573 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2199-12-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2010] [Accepted: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The control of intracellular vesicle trafficking is an ideal target to weigh the role of alternative splicing in shaping genomes to make cells. Alternative splicing has been reported for several Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor Attachment protein REceptors of the vesicle (v-SNAREs) or of the target membrane (t-SNARES), which are crucial to intracellular membrane fusion and protein and lipid traffic in Eukaryotes. However, splicing has not yet been investigated in Longins, i.e. the most widespread v-SNAREs. Longins are essential in Eukaryotes and prototyped by VAMP7, Sec22b and Ykt6, sharing a conserved N-terminal Longin domain which regulates membrane fusion and subcellular targeting. Human VAMP7/TI-VAMP, encoded by gene SYBL1, is involved in multiple cell pathways, including control of neurite outgrowth. Results Alternative splicing of SYBL1 by exon skipping events results in the production of a number of VAMP7 isoforms. In-frame or frameshift coding sequence modifications modulate domain architecture of VAMP7 isoforms, which can lack whole domains or domain fragments and show variant or extra domains. Intriguingly, two main types of VAMP7 isoforms either share the inhibitory Longin domain and lack the fusion-promoting SNARE motif, or vice versa. Expression analysis in different tissues and cell lines, quantitative real time RT-PCR and confocal microscopy analysis of fluorescent protein-tagged isoforms demonstrate that VAMP7 variants have different tissue specificities and subcellular localizations. Moreover, design and use of isoform-specific antibodies provided preliminary evidence for the existence of splice variants at the protein level. Conclusions Previous evidence on VAMP7 suggests inhibitory functions for the Longin domain and fusion/growth promoting activity for the Δ-longin molecule. Thus, non-SNARE isoforms with Longin domain and non-longin SNARE isoforms might have somehow opposite regulatory functions. When considering splice variants as "natural mutants", evidence on modulation of subcellular localization by variation in domain combination can shed further light on targeting determinants. Although further work will be needed to characterize identified variants, our data might open the route to unravel novel molecular partners and mechanisms, accounting for the multiplicity of functions carried out by the different members of the Longin proteins family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Vacca
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A.Buzzati Traverso Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Signorini C, De Felice C, Leoncini S, Giardini A, D'Esposito M, Filosa S, Della Ragione F, Rossi M, Pecorelli A, Valacchi G, Ciccoli L, Hayek J. F₄-neuroprostanes mediate neurological severity in Rett syndrome. Clin Chim Acta 2011; 412:1399-406. [PMID: 21530498 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2011.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Revised: 04/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rett syndrome (RTT) is a pervasive development disorder, mainly caused by mutations in the methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) gene. No reliable biochemical markers of the disease are available. Here we assess F₄-neuroprostanes (F₄-NeuroPs), lipid peroxidation products of the docosahexaenoic acid, as a novel disease marker in RTT and correlate it with clinical presentation, MeCP2 mutation type, and disease progression. In addition, we investigate on the impact of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) supplementation on F₄-NeuroPs levels. METHODS A case-control study design was used. A cohort of RTT patients (n=144) exhibiting different clinical presentations, disease stages, and MeCP2 gene mutations were evaluated. F₄-NeuroPs were measured in free form using a GC/NICI-MS/MS technique. Plasma F₄-NeuroPs levels in patients were compared to healthy controls and related to RTT forms, disease progression, and response to ω-3 PUFAs supplementation. RESULTS Plasma F₄-NeuroPs levels were i) higher in RTT than in controls; ii) increased with the severity of neurological symptoms; iii) significantly elevated during the typical disease progression; iv) higher in MeCP2-nonsense as compared to missense mutation carriers; v) higher in typical RTT as compared to RTT variants; and vi) decreased in response to 12 months ω-3 PUFAs oral supplementation. CONCLUSIONS Quantification of plasma F₄-NeuroPs provides a novel RTT marker, related to neurological symptoms severity, mutation type and clinical presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Signorini
- Department of Pathophysiology, Experimental Medicine & Public Health, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Pecorelli A, Ciccoli L, Signorini C, Leoncini S, Giardini A, D'Esposito M, Filosa S, Hayek J, De Felice C, Valacchi G. Increased levels of 4HNE-protein plasma adducts in Rett syndrome. Clin Biochem 2011; 44:368-71. [PMID: 21276437 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2010] [Revised: 01/18/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurological disorder and a leading cause of mental retardation in females. It is caused by mutations in methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2) gene and more rarely in cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 (CDKL5) and forkhead box protein G1 (FOXG1) genes. Increased oxidative stress (OS) has been documented in MeCP2-RTT patients. Here, we evaluated the levels of 4-hydroxynonenal plasma protein adducts (4HNE-PAs) in MeCP2-, CDKL5-, and FOXG1-RTT and in their clinical variants. DESIGN AND METHODS 4HNE-PAs were determined by Western blot in plasma from healthy subjects and RTT patients. RESULTS 4HNE-PAs levels were increased in MeCP2- and CDKL5-related RTT but not in FOXG1-related RTT. CONCLUSION These results showed that OS is present in RTT clinical variants and could play a key role in RTT pathogenesis. Under the OS point of view FOXG1-related RTT appears to be distinct from the MeCP2/CDKL5, suggesting a distinct mechanism involved in its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Pecorelli
- Department of Pathophysiology, Experimental Medicine and Public Health, University of Siena, Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
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Della Ragione F, Mastrovito P, Campanile C, Conti A, Papageorgiou EA, Hultén MA, Patsalis PC, Carter NP, D'Esposito M. Differential DNA methylation as a tool for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) of X chromosome aneuploidies. J Mol Diagn 2010; 12:797-807. [PMID: 20847278 DOI: 10.2353/jmoldx.2010.090199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The demographic tendency in industrial countries to delay childbearing, coupled with the maternal age effect in common chromosomal aneuploidies and the risk to the fetus of invasive prenatal diagnosis, are potent drivers for the development of strategies for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis. One breakthrough has been the discovery of differentially methylated cell-free fetal DNA in the maternal circulation. We describe novel bisulfite conversion- and methylation-sensitive enzyme digestion DNA methylation-related approaches that we used to diagnose Turner syndrome from first trimester samples. We used an X-linked marker, EF3, and an autosomal marker, RASSF1A, to discriminate between placental and maternal blood cell DNA using real-time methylation-specific PCR after bisulfite conversion and real-time PCR after methylation-sensitive restriction digestion. By normalizing EF3 amplifications versus RASSF1A outputs, we were able to calculate sex chromosome/autosome ratios in chorionic villus samples, thus permitting us to correctly diagnose Turner syndrome. The identification of this new marker coupled with the strategy outlined here may be instrumental in the development of an efficient, noninvasive method of diagnosis of sex chromosome aneuploidies in plasma samples.
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Prinzmetal W, Rokem A, Landau A, Wallace D, Silver M, D'Esposito M. The D2 dopamine receptor agonist bromocriptine enhances voluntary but not involuntary spatial attention in humans. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/10.7.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Gatto S, Della Ragione F, Cimmino A, Strazzullo M, Fabbri M, Mutarelli M, Ferraro L, Weisz A, D'Esposito M, Matarazzo MR. Epigenetic alteration of microRNAs in DNMT3B-mutated patients of ICF syndrome. Epigenetics 2010; 5:427-43. [PMID: 20448464 DOI: 10.4161/epi.5.5.11999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunodeficiency, Centromeric region instability, Facial anomalies (ICF; OMIM #242860) syndrome, due to mutations in the DNMT3B gene, is characterized by inheritance of aberrant patterns of DNA methylation and heterochromatin defects. Patients show variable agammaglobulinemia and a reduced number of T cells, making them prone to infections and death before adulthood. Other variable symptoms include facial dysmorphism, growth and mental retardation. Despite the recent advances in identifying the dysregulated genes, the molecular mechanisms, which underlie the altered gene expression causing ICF phenotype complexity, are not well understood. Held the recently-shown tight correlation between epigenetics and microRNAs (miRNAs), we searched for miRNAs regulated by DNMT3B activity, comparing cell lines from ICF patients with those from healthy individuals. We observe that eighty-nine miRNAs, some of which involved in immune function, development and neurogenesis, are dysregulated in ICF (LCLs) compared to wild-type cells. Significant DNA hypomethylation of miRNA CpG islands was not observed in cases of miRNA up-regulation in ICF cells, suggesting a more subtle effect of DNMT3B deficiency on their regulation; however, a modification of histone marks, especially H3K27 and H3K4 trimethylation, and H4 acetylation, was observed concomitantly with changes in microRNA expression. Functional correlation between miRNA and mRNA expression of their targets allow us to suppose a regulation either at mRNA level or at protein level. These results provide a better understanding of how DNA methylation and histone code interact to regulate the class of microRNA genes and enable us to predict molecular events possibly contributing to ICF condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sole Gatto
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A.B.T., CNR, Naples, Italy
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Strazzullo M, Rossetti C, Fusco G, Campanile C, Vecchio D, Campanile G, Perucatti A, Di Meo GP, Filippini F, Eggen A, Ferrara L, D'Esposito M. Genomic characterization and chromosomal mapping of 5 river buffalo skeletal muscle differentiation master genes. Cytogenet Genome Res 2010; 128:221-7. [PMID: 20453476 DOI: 10.1159/000308359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
River buffalo (Bubalus bubalis, 2n = 50, BBU) is a species of economic relevance in a number of countries. This species shows a very peculiar biology and a great capacity for environmental adaptation. There has been an increasing economic interest as well as a growing demand for a more detailed knowledge of molecular features in this species. From this perspective we report a genomic, transcriptional and cytogenetic analysis of 5 master genes involved in skeletal muscle development. Of these 5 genes, MYOD1, MYF5, MYF6 and MYOG belong to the basic helix-loop helix protein family while MSTN belongs to the TNF-B protein family. In mammals, these genes are involved in the early stages of skeletal muscle differentiation, development and regeneration. These pivotal biological functions are finely regulated in a tissue- and temporal-specific manner. We used a comparative genomic approach to obtain the buffalo specific sequences of MYOD1 and MYF6. The nucleotide sequence similarity and the protein domain conservation of the newly obtained sequences are analysed with respect to bovine and other mammalian species showing sequence similarity. The presence of a polymorphism in MYOD1 coding sequence is described and its possible effect discussed. Using a quantitative PCR approach, we compared the level of the 5 transcripts in adult and fetal muscle. These genes were physically localised on river buffalo R-banded chromosomes by FISH using bovine genomic BAC-clones. Here, we present a genomic and cytogenetic analysis which could offer a background to better characterise the buffalo genes involved in muscle function and which may be responsible for buffalo-specific meat features.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Strazzullo
- National Research Council (CNR), ISPAAM, Naples, Italy
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Lauritzen T, Shenhav A, D'Esposito M, Silver M. fMRI coherency analysis reveals feedforward progression of visual responses in human early visual cortex. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/7.15.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Abstract
We investigated the role of dopamine in working memory by examining effects of withdrawing dopaminergic medication in patients with Parkinson's disease. Resistance to distraction during a delayed response task was abnormally enhanced in Parkinson's disease patients OFF medication relative to controls. Conversely, performance on a backward digit span test was impaired in these same Parkinson's disease patients OFF medication. Dopaminergic medication reinstated susceptibility to distraction and backward digit span performance, so that performance of Parkinson's disease patients ON medication did not differ from that of controls. We hypothesize that the enhanced distractor resistance and impaired backward digit span in Parkinson's disease reflects low dopamine levels in the striatum, and perhaps upregulated frontal dopamine levels. Dopaminergic medication may reinstate distractibility by normalizing the balance between striatal and prefrontal dopamine transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Cools
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The Netherlands.
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Song S, Chen A, Nycum T, Turner G, Jacobs E, D'Esposito M. Attention Reduces Variability of Goal-relevant Perceptual Representations within Visual Association Cortex. Neuroimage 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(09)70342-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Buchsbaum BR, D'Esposito M. Fronto-temporal connectivity in fMRI: a cluster analysis approach. Neuroimage 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(09)71829-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Turner G, Chen A, Hoffman J, D'Esposito M. Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex lesions impair goal-directed modulation of representations within visual association cortex. Neuroimage 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(09)72126-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Kayser AS, Buchsbaum BR, Erickson DT, D'Esposito M. A Functional Network Involved in Perceptual Decision-Making: Mechanisms of Evidence Accumulation. Neuroimage 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(09)71981-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Nomura EM, Gratton C, D'Esposito M. Effect of r-TMS on Coherence of Resting State Networks. Neuroimage 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(09)72216-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Vytlacil J, Gibbs S, Chen A, D'Esposito M. Dopamine levels modulate the effects of attention on activation patterns in visual association cortex. Neuroimage 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(09)71978-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Gibbs S, Cools R, Miyakawa A, D'Esposito M. Working Memory Capacity Predicts Contrasting Effects of Dopaminergic Drugs on Prefrontal Cortex and Caudate Nucleus During Memory Encoding. Neuroimage 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(09)71454-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Jacobs E, D'Esposito M. Individual differences in cognition: How a person's hormonal state and genetic background impacts prefrontal cortical function. Neuroimage 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(09)72109-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Venditti P, Bari A, Di Stefano L, Cardone A, Della Ragione F, D'Esposito M, Di Meo S. Involvement of PGC-1, NRF-1, and NRF-2 in metabolic response by rat liver to hormonal and environmental signals. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2009; 305:22-9. [PMID: 19433258 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2009.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2008] [Revised: 01/28/2009] [Accepted: 02/12/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We studied liver oxidative capacity and O2 consumption in hypothyroid rats treated for 10 days with T4, or T3, or treated for 10 days with T3 and exposed to cold for the last 2 days. The metabolic response of homogenates and mitochondria indicated that all treatments increased the synthesis of respiratory chain components, whereas only the cold-induced mitochondrial proliferation. Determination of mRNA and protein expression of transcription factor activators, such as NRF-1 and NRF-2, and coactivators, such as PGC-1, showed that mRNA levels, except PGC-1 ones, were not related to aerobic capacities. Conversely, a strong correlation was found between cytochrome oxidase activity and PGC-1 or NRF-2 protein levels. Such a correlation was not found for NRF-1. Our results strongly support the view that in rat liver PGC-1 and NRFs are responsible for the iodothyronine-induced increases in respiratory chain components, whereas their role in cold-induced mitochondrial proliferation needs to be further on clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Venditti
- Dipartimento delle Scienze Biologiche, Sezione di Fisiologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Mezzocannone 8, I-80134 Napoli, Italy.
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Costa V, Casamassimi A, Roberto R, Gianfrancesco F, Matarazzo MR, D'Urso M, D'Esposito M, Rocchi M, Ciccodicola A. DDX11L: a novel transcript family emerging from human subtelomeric regions. BMC Genomics 2009; 10:250. [PMID: 19476624 PMCID: PMC2705379 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-10-250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2008] [Accepted: 05/28/2009] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The subtelomeric regions of human chromosomes exhibit an extraordinary plasticity. To date, due to the high GC content and to the presence of telomeric repeats, the subtelomeric sequences are underrepresented in the genomic libraries and consequently their sequences are incomplete in the finished human genome sequence, and still much remains to be learned about subtelomere organization, evolution and function. Indeed, only in recent years, several studies have disclosed, within human subtelomeres, novel gene family members. RESULTS During a project aimed to analyze genes located in the telomeric region of the long arm of the human X chromosome, we have identified a novel transcript family, DDX11L, members of which map to 1pter, 2q13/14.1, 2qter, 3qter, 6pter, 9pter/9qter, 11pter, 12pter, 15qter, 16pter, 17pter, 19pter, 20pter/20qter, Xpter/Xqter and Yqter. Furthermore, we partially sequenced the underrepresented subtelomeres of human chromosomes showing a common evolutionary origin. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that an ancestral gene, originated as a rearranged portion of the primate DDX11 gene, and propagated along many subtelomeric locations, is emerging within subtelomeres of human chromosomes, defining a novel gene family. These findings support the possibility that the high plasticity of these regions, sites of DNA exchange among different chromosomes, could trigger the emergence of new genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Costa
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A, Buzzati-Traverso , CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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Matarazzo MR, De Bonis ML, Vacca M, Della Ragione F, D'Esposito M. Lessons from two human chromatin diseases, ICF syndrome and Rett syndrome. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2008; 41:117-26. [PMID: 18786650 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2008.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2008] [Revised: 07/25/2008] [Accepted: 07/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Spatial organisation of DNA into chromatin profoundly affects gene expression and function. The recent association of genes controlling chromatin structure to human pathologies resulted in a better comprehension of the interplay between regulation and function. Among many chromatin disorders we will discuss Rett and immunodeficiency, centromeric instability and facial anomalies (ICF) syndromes. Both diseases are caused by defects related to DNA methylation machinery, with Rett syndrome affecting the transduction of the repressive signal from the methyl CpG binding protein prototype, MeCP2, and ICF syndrome affecting the genetic control of DNA methylation, by the DNA methyltransferase DNMT3B. Rather than listing survey data, our aim is to highlight how a deeper comprehension of gene regulatory web may arise from studies of such pathologies. We also maintain that fundamental studies may offer chances for a therapeutic approach focused on these syndromes, which, in turn, may become paradigmatic for this increasing class of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Matarazzo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, A.Buzzati Traverso, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via P.Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Matarazzo MR, Boyle S, D'Esposito M, Bickmore WA. Chromosome territory reorganization in a human disease with altered DNA methylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:16546-51. [PMID: 17923676 PMCID: PMC2034264 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0702924104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromosome territory (CT) organization and chromatin condensation have been linked to gene expression. Although individual genes can be transcribed from inside CTs, some regions that have constitutively high expression or are coordinately activated loop out from CTs and decondense. The relationship between epigenetic marks, such as DNA methylation, and higher-order chromatin structures is largely unexplored. DNMT3B mutations in immunodeficiency centromeric instability facial anomalies (ICF) syndrome result in loss of DNA methylation at particular sites, including CpG islands on the inactive X chromosome (Xi). This allows the specific effects of DNA methylation on CTs to be examined. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization, we reveal a differential organization of the human pseudoautosomal region (PAR)2 between the CTs of the X and Y in normal males and the active X (Xa) and the Xi in females. There is also a more condensed chromatin structure on Xi compared with Xa in this region. PAR2 genes are relocalized toward the outside of the Y and Xi CTs in ICF, and on the Xi, we show that this can extend to genes distant from the site of DNA hypomethylation itself. This reorganization is not simply a reflection of the transcriptional activation of the relocalized genes. This report of altered CT organization in a human genetic disease illustrates that DNA hypomethylation at restricted sites in the genome can lead to more extensive changes in nuclear organization away from the original site of epigenetic change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R. Matarazzo
- *Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “Adriano Buzzati Traverso,” Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy; and
| | - Shelagh Boyle
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Maurizio D'Esposito
- *Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “Adriano Buzzati Traverso,” Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy; and
| | - Wendy A. Bickmore
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
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