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Penetra SLS, Santos HFP, Resende PC, Bastos LS, da Silva MFB, Pina-Costa A, Lopes RS, Saboia-Vahia L, de Oliveira ACA, Pereira EC, Filho FM, Wakimoto MD, Calvet GA, Fuller TL, Whitworth J, Smith C, Nielsen-Saines K, Carvalho MS, Espíndola OM, Guaraldo L, Siqueira MM, Brasil P. SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection Cases in a Household-Based Prospective Cohort in Rio de Janeiro. J Infect Dis 2023; 228:1680-1689. [PMID: 37571849 PMCID: PMC11032242 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This was a household-based prospective cohort study conducted in Rio de Janeiro, in which people with laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and their household contacts were followed from April 2020 through June 2022. Ninety-eight reinfections were identified, with 71 (72.5%) confirmed by genomic analyses and lineage definition in both infections. During the pre-Omicron period, 1 dose of any COVID-19 vaccine was associated with a reduced risk of reinfection, but during the Omicron period not even booster vaccines had this effect. Most reinfections were asymptomatic or milder in comparison with primary infections, a justification for continuing active surveillance to detect infections in vaccinated individuals. Our findings demonstrated that vaccination may not prevent infection or reinfection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2). Therefore we highlight the need to continuously update the antigenic target of SARS CoV-2 vaccines and administer booster doses to the population regularly, a strategy well established in the development of vaccines for influenza immunization programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L S Penetra
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Heloisa F P Santos
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paola Cristina Resende
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles National Influenza Centre, Americas Regional Reference Lab for Measles and Rubella, Reference Laboratory for COVID-19 World Health Organization, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Soares Bastos
- Scientific Computing Program, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Michele F B da Silva
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Anielle Pina-Costa
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renata Serrano Lopes
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles National Influenza Centre, Americas Regional Reference Lab for Measles and Rubella, Reference Laboratory for COVID-19 World Health Organization, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Saboia-Vahia
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles National Influenza Centre, Americas Regional Reference Lab for Measles and Rubella, Reference Laboratory for COVID-19 World Health Organization, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Any Caroline Alves de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles National Influenza Centre, Americas Regional Reference Lab for Measles and Rubella, Reference Laboratory for COVID-19 World Health Organization, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elisa Cavalcante Pereira
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles National Influenza Centre, Americas Regional Reference Lab for Measles and Rubella, Reference Laboratory for COVID-19 World Health Organization, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernando Medeiros Filho
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mayumi D Wakimoto
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Guilherme A Calvet
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Trevon L Fuller
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jimmy Whitworth
- International Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Smith
- International Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | | | - Marilia Sá Carvalho
- Scientific Computing Program, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Otávio M Espíndola
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lusiele Guaraldo
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marilda M Siqueira
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles National Influenza Centre, Americas Regional Reference Lab for Measles and Rubella, Reference Laboratory for COVID-19 World Health Organization, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia Brasil
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Penetra SLS, da Silva MFB, Resende P, Pina-Costa A, Santos HFP, Guaraldo L, Calvet GA, Ogrzewalska M, Arantes I, Zukeram K, de Araújo MF, Lima ABM, Lopes RS, Lira-Silva LR, Moraes IV, Wakimoto MD, Fuller TL, Gabaglia CR, Espíndola OM, Bonaldo MC, Daniel-Ribeiro CT, Whitworth J, Smith C, Nielsen-Saines K, Pauvolid-Correa A, Siqueira MM, Brasil P. Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome after reinfection and vaccine breakthrough by the SARS-CoV-2 Gamma variant in Brazil. Int J Infect Dis 2021; 114:58-61. [PMID: 34757006 PMCID: PMC8553653 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a case of prolonged COVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Gamma variant in a fully vaccinated healthcare worker, 387 days after an infection caused by lineage B.1.1.33. Infections were confirmed by whole-genome sequencing and corroborated by the detection of neutralizing antibodies in convalescent serum samples. Considering the permanent exposure of this healthcare worker to SARS-CoV-2, the waning immunity after the first infection, the low efficacy of the inactivated vaccine at preventing COVID-19, the immune escape of the Gamma variant (VOC), and the burden of post-COVID syndrome, this individual would have benefited from an additional dose of a heterologous vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L S Penetra
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) Avenida Brasil 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-3608, Brazil
| | - Michele F B da Silva
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) Avenida Brasil 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-3608, Brazil
| | - Paola Resende
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles National Influenza Centre (GISRS-WHO) - Americas Regional Reference Lab for Measles and Rubella - Reference Laboratory for COVID-19 (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, (IOC), Fiocruz. Avenida Brasil 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-3608, Brazil
| | - Anielle Pina-Costa
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) Avenida Brasil 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-3608, Brazil; Serra dos Órgãos Education Foundation, Avenida Alberto Tôrres, 111 - Alto, Teresópolis, RJ, 25964-004, Brazil
| | - Heloisa F P Santos
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) Avenida Brasil 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-3608, Brazil
| | - Lusiele Guaraldo
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) Avenida Brasil 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-3608, Brazil
| | - Guilherme A Calvet
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) Avenida Brasil 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-3608, Brazil
| | - Maria Ogrzewalska
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles National Influenza Centre (GISRS-WHO) - Americas Regional Reference Lab for Measles and Rubella - Reference Laboratory for COVID-19 (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, (IOC), Fiocruz. Avenida Brasil 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-3608, Brazil
| | - Ighor Arantes
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles National Influenza Centre (GISRS-WHO) - Americas Regional Reference Lab for Measles and Rubella - Reference Laboratory for COVID-19 (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, (IOC), Fiocruz. Avenida Brasil 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-3608, Brazil
| | - Ketiuce Zukeram
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles National Influenza Centre (GISRS-WHO) - Americas Regional Reference Lab for Measles and Rubella - Reference Laboratory for COVID-19 (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, (IOC), Fiocruz. Avenida Brasil 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-3608, Brazil
| | - Mia F de Araújo
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles National Influenza Centre (GISRS-WHO) - Americas Regional Reference Lab for Measles and Rubella - Reference Laboratory for COVID-19 (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, (IOC), Fiocruz. Avenida Brasil 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-3608, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Machado Lima
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles National Influenza Centre (GISRS-WHO) - Americas Regional Reference Lab for Measles and Rubella - Reference Laboratory for COVID-19 (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, (IOC), Fiocruz. Avenida Brasil 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-3608, Brazil
| | - Renata Serrano Lopes
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles National Influenza Centre (GISRS-WHO) - Americas Regional Reference Lab for Measles and Rubella - Reference Laboratory for COVID-19 (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, (IOC), Fiocruz. Avenida Brasil 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-3608, Brazil
| | - Larissa R Lira-Silva
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) Avenida Brasil 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-3608, Brazil
| | - Isabella V Moraes
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) Avenida Brasil 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-3608, Brazil
| | - Mayumi D Wakimoto
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) Avenida Brasil 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-3608, Brazil
| | - Trevon L Fuller
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) Avenida Brasil 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-3608, Brazil; University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Box 951752, 10833 Le Conte Avenue 22-442 MDCC, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1752, USA
| | - Claudia Raja Gabaglia
- Biomedical Research Institute of Southern California (BRISC), 4263 Oceanside Blvd#106-159, Oceanside, CA, 92056, USA
| | - Otávio M Espíndola
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) Avenida Brasil 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-3608, Brazil
| | - Myrna C Bonaldo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-3608, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Tadeu Daniel-Ribeiro
- Department of Immunology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-3608, Brazil
| | - Jimmy Whitworth
- Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Smith
- Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
| | - Karin Nielsen-Saines
- University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Box 951752, 10833 Le Conte Avenue 22-442 MDCC, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1752, USA
| | - Alex Pauvolid-Correa
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles National Influenza Centre (GISRS-WHO) - Americas Regional Reference Lab for Measles and Rubella - Reference Laboratory for COVID-19 (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, (IOC), Fiocruz. Avenida Brasil 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-3608, Brazil; Texas A&M University, 400 Bizzell St, College Station, TX, 778434, USA
| | - Marilda M Siqueira
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles National Influenza Centre (GISRS-WHO) - Americas Regional Reference Lab for Measles and Rubella - Reference Laboratory for COVID-19 (WHO), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, (IOC), Fiocruz. Avenida Brasil 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-3608, Brazil
| | - Patricia Brasil
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) Avenida Brasil 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-3608, Brazil.
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Freitas DA, Souza-Santos R, Carvalho LMA, Barros WB, Neves LM, Brasil P, Wakimoto MD. Congenital Zika syndrome: A systematic review. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242367. [PMID: 33320867 PMCID: PMC7737899 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The signs and symptoms of Zika virus infection are usually mild and self-limited. However, the disease has been linked to neurological complications such as Guillain-Barré syndrome and peripheral nerve involvement, and also to abortion and fetal deaths due to vertical transmission, resulting in various congenital malformations in newborns, including microcephaly. This review aimed to describe the o signs and symptoms that characterize the congenital Zika syndrome. METHODS AND FINDINGS A systematic review was performed with a protocol and described according to the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. The search strategy yielded 2,048 studies. After the exclusion of duplicates and application of inclusion criteria, 46 studies were included. The main signs and symptoms associated with the congenital Zika syndrome were microcephaly, parenchymal or cerebellar calcifications, ventriculomegaly, central nervous system hypoplasia or atrophy, arthrogryposis, ocular findings in the posterior and anterior segments, abnormal visual function and low birthweight for gestational age. CONCLUSIONS Zika virus infection during pregnancy can cause a series of changes in the growth and development of children, while impacting the healthcare system due to the severity of cases. Our findings outline the disease profile in newborns and infants and may contribute to the development and updating of more specific clinical protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle A. Freitas
- National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo Souza-Santos
- National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Liege M. A. Carvalho
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Wagner B. Barros
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luiza M. Neves
- Fernandes Figueira Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Brasil
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mayumi D. Wakimoto
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Castro R, Luz PM, Wakimoto MD, Veloso VG, Grinsztejn B, Perazzo H. COVID-19: a meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy of commercial assays registered in Brazil. Braz J Infect Dis 2020; 24:180-187. [PMID: 32330437 PMCID: PMC7165277 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The accuracy of commercially available tests for COVID-19 in Brazil remains unclear. We aimed to perform a meta-analysis to describe the accuracy of available tests to detect COVID-19 in Brazil. We searched at the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (ANVISA) online platform to describe the pooled sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and summary receiver operating characteristic curves (SROC) for detection of IgM/IgG antibodies and for tests using naso/oropharyngeal swabs in the random-effects models. We identified 16 tests registered, mostly rapid-tests. Pooled diagnostic accuracy measures [95%CI] were: (i) for IgM antibodies Se = 82% [76–87]; Sp = 97% [96–98]; DOR = 168 [92–305] and SROC = 0.98 [0.96–0.99]; (ii) for IgG antibodies Se = 97% [90–99]; Sp = 98% [97–99]; DOR = 1994 [385–10334] and SROC = 0.99 [0.98–1.00]; and (iii) for detection of SARS-CoV-2 by antigen or molecular assays in naso/oropharyngeal swabs Se = 97% [85–99]; Sp = 99% [77–100]; DOR = 2649 [30–233056] and SROC = 0.99 [0.98–1.00]. These tests can be helpful for emergency testing during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. However, it is important to highlight the high rate of false negative results from tests which detect SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibodies in the initial course of the disease and the scarce evidence-based validation results published in Brazil. Future studies addressing the diagnostic performance of tests for COVID-19 in the Brazilian population are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Castro
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca (ENSP), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Instituto de Saúde Coletiva (ISC), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Paula M Luz
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mayumi D Wakimoto
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Valdilea G Veloso
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Grinsztejn
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Hugo Perazzo
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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