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Kawagoe T, Maruki Y, Nagoya H, Kosugi Y, Akimoto T, Yamawaki H, Kodaka Y, Shimpuku M, Ueki N, Futagami S, Miyake K, Iwakiri K. Clinical Complete Response from Chemotherapy in an Elderly Patient with Metastatic Gastric Cancer: A Case Report. J NIPPON MED SCH 2017; 83:199-202. [PMID: 27890894 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.83.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
An 81-year-old man was admitted with upper abdominal pain and weight loss. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed a large tumor located from the gastric angle to the body. Histological analysis of a biopsy revealed a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Computed tomography revealed metastases in the liver and lung and the patient was subsequently diagnosed with metastatic advanced gastric cancer. He was treated with chemotherapy using S-1 (80 mg/m2) and cisplatin (CDDP) (60 mg/m2). Twenty-two months after chemotherapy, the gastric tumor, and the nodules in the liver and lung, had disappeared. We subsequently diagnosed a clinical complete response. The patient was treated with further S-1 monotherapy for 7 months after complete response assessment. He has lived for more than 7 years since the initial diagnosis without recurrence. Chemotherapy using S-1 and CDDP may be a potent strategy for improving survival in elderly patients with advanced gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuro Kawagoe
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School
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Yamawaki H, Futagami S, Shimpuku M, Shindo T, Maruki Y, Nagoya H, Kodaka Y, Sato H, Gudis K, Kawagoe T, Sakamoto C. Leu72Met408 Polymorphism of the Ghrelin Gene Is Associated With Early Phase of Gastric Emptying in the Patients With Functional Dyspepsia in Japan. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2015; 21:93-102. [PMID: 25540946 PMCID: PMC4288091 DOI: 10.5056/jnm14086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims There are no available data about the relationship between ghrelin gene genotypes and early phase of gastric emptying in functional dyspepsia (FD) as defined by Rome III classification. Methods We enrolled 74 patients presenting with typical symptoms of FD and 64 healthy volunteers. Gastric motility was evaluated using the 13C-acetate breath test. We used Rome III criteria to evaluate upper abdominal symptoms and self-rating questionnaires for depression (SRQ-D) scores to determine status of depression. The Arg51Gln (346G>A), preproghrelin (3056T>C), Leu72Met (408C>A), Gln90Leu (3412T>A) and G-protein β3 (825C>T) polymorphisms were analyzed in the DNA from blood samples of enrolled subjects. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction. Results There was a significant relationship between the Gln90Leu3412 genotype and SRQ-D score in FD patients (P = 0.009). Area under the curve at 15 minutes (AUC15) value was significantly associated with the Leu72Met408 genotype (P = 0.015) but not with entire gastric emptying. Conclusions The Leu72Met (408C>A) single nucleotide polymorphism was significantly associated with early phase of gastric emptying in FD patients. Further studies will be necessary to clarify the association between ghrelin gene single nucleotide polymorphisms and early phase of gastric emptying in FD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Yamawaki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Sendagi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiji Futagami
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Sendagi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayumi Shimpuku
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Sendagi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Shindo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Sendagi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuuta Maruki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Sendagi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nagoya
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Sendagi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kodaka
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Sendagi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitomi Sato
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Sendagi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katya Gudis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Sendagi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Kawagoe
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Sendagi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Choitsu Sakamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Sendagi, Tokyo, Japan
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Shimpuku M, Futagami S, Tajima N, Yamawaki H, Maruki Y, Kodaka Y, Nagoya H, Gudis K, Kawagoe T, Sakamoto C. Impact of eating attitude and impairment of physical quality of life between tertiary clinic and primary clinic functional dyspepsia outpatients in Japan. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2014; 20:506-15. [PMID: 25273121 PMCID: PMC4204414 DOI: 10.5056/jnm14015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS There is no available data on factors associated with healthcare-seeking behavior for functional dyspepsia (FD) symptoms at ei-ther tertiary or primary clinics in Japan. Therefore, we aimed to compare clinical symptoms and life styles such as sleep dis-orders and eating attitude in FD patients visiting general practitioners at primary clinics with those consulting gastro-enterologists at tertiary clinics to clarify healthcare-seeking patterns in Japanese patients. METHODS Fifty-one FD outpatients in a tertiary clinic (college hospital), 50 FD outpatients visiting primary clinics and 50 healthy volunteers were enrolled. Clinical symptoms, quality of life, sleep disorders, eating attitude and anxiety were estimated using the Gastroin-testinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS), Social Functioning-8 (SF-8) test, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) test and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) for FD outpatients and healthy volunteers. RESULTS FD outpatients exhibited higher mean scores of GSRS than healthy volunteers. The SF-8 physical component summary scores in the tertiary clinic group were significantly lower than those in the primary clinic group. GSRS scores were significantly (P < 0.001, P = 0.002) associated with global PSQI scores in FD outpatients as well as with STAI-trait scores (P = 0.006, P = 0.001) compared to healthy volunteers. The frequency of eating between meals in the primary clinic group was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that in the tertiary clinic group. CONCLUSIONS It may be important for clarification of healthcare-seeking behavior to determine the difference in both impairment of physical quality of life and eating attitudes between tertiary clinic and primary clinic FD outpatients in Japan.(J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2014;20:506-515).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Shimpuku
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiji Futagami
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Yamawaki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuuta Maruki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kodaka
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nagoya
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katya Gudis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Kawagoe
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Choitsu Sakamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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Susanti VY, Sasaki T, Yokota-Hashimoto H, Matsui S, Lee YS, Kikuchi O, Shimpuku M, Kim HJ, Kobayashi M, Kitamura T. Sirt1 rescues the obesity induced by insulin-resistant constitutively-nuclear FoxO1 in POMC neurons of male mice. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2014; 22:2115-9. [PMID: 25044690 PMCID: PMC4265245 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The hypothalamus is the brain center that controls the energy balance. Anorexigenic proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons and orexigenic AgRP neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus plays critical roles in energy balance regulation. FoxO1 is a transcription factor regulated by insulin signaling that is deacetylated by Sirt1, a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide- (NAD(+) -) dependent deacetylase. Overexpression of insulin-resistant constitutively-nuclear FoxO1 (CN-FoxO1) in POMC neurons leads to obesity, whereas Sirt1 overexpression in POMC neurons leads to leanness. Whether overexpression of Sirt1 in POMC neurons could rescue the obesity caused by insulin-resistant CN-FoxO1 was tested here. METHODS POMC neuron-specific CN-FoxO1/Sirt1 double-KI (DKI) mice were analyzed. RESULTS The obese phenotype of CN-FoxO1 KI mice was rescued in male DKI mice. Reduced O2 consumption, increased adiposity, and fewer POMC neurons observed in CN-FoxO1 mice were rescued in male DKI mice without affecting food intake and locomotor activity. Sirt1 overexpression decreased FoxO1 acetylation and protein levels without affecting its nuclear localization in mouse embryonic fibroblasts and hypothalamic N41 cells. CONCLUSIONS Sirt1 rescues the obesity induced by insulin-resistant CN-FoxO1 in POMC neurons of male mice by decreasing FoxO1 protein through deacetylation. Sirt1 ameliorates obesity caused by a genetic model of central insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vina Yanti Susanti
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma UniversityMaebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Sasaki
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma UniversityMaebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hiromi Yokota-Hashimoto
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma UniversityMaebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Sho Matsui
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma UniversityMaebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yong-Soo Lee
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma UniversityMaebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Osamu Kikuchi
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma UniversityMaebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Mayumi Shimpuku
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma UniversityMaebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hye-Jin Kim
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma UniversityMaebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Masaki Kobayashi
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma UniversityMaebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Kitamura
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma UniversityMaebashi, Gunma, Japan
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Futagami S, Yamawaki H, Shimpuku M, Izumi N, Wakabayashi T, Kodaka Y, Nagoya H, Shindo T, Kawagoe T, Sakamoto C. Impact of coexisting irritable bowel syndrome and non-erosive reflux disease on postprandial abdominal fullness and sleep disorders in functional dyspepsia. J NIPPON MED SCH 2014; 80:362-70. [PMID: 24189354 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.80.362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The association between clinical symptoms and sleep disorders in functional dyspepsia (FD)-overlap syndrome has not been studied in detail. METHODS The subjects were 139 patients with FD, 14 with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), 12 with nonerosive reflux disease (NERD), and 41 healthy volunteers. Gastric motility was evaluated with the (13)C-acetate breath test. We used Rome III criteria to evaluate upper abdominal symptoms, and Self-Rating Questionnaire for Depression (SRQ-D) scores to determine depression status. Sleep disorders were evaluated with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores. RESULTS There were no significant differences in age, body-mass index, alcohol intake, and smoking rate between patients with FD alone and those with FD-overlap syndrome. The postprandial abdominal fullness score in patients with FD-NERD-IBS was significantly greater than that in patients with FD-NERD overlap syndrome (p<0.001) or FD alone (p<0.001). The score for the feeling of hunger in patients with FD-NERD-IBS was significantly greater than that in patients with FD alone (p=0.0025), FD-NERD overlap syndrome (p=0.0088), or FD-IBS overlap syndrome (p=0.0057). The heartburn score in subjects with FD-NERD-IBS overlap syndrome was significantly greater than that in subjects with FD alone (p=0.0035) or FD-IBS overlap syndrome (p=0.0026). The Tmax in patients with FD-overlap syndrome or FD alone was significantly higher than that in healthy volunteers. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score in subjects with FD-NERD-IBS overlap syndrome was significantly greater than that in subjects with FD alone. CONCLUSION Symptom scores, such as those for postprandial abdominal fullness, heartburn, and the feeling of hunger, in patients with FD-overlap syndromes are significantly greater than those in patients with FD alone. Further studies are necessary to clarify whether various symptoms are related to sleep disorders in patients with FD-NERD-IBS overlap syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Futagami
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School
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Sasaki T, Kikuchi O, Shimpuku M, Susanti VY, Yokota-Hashimoto H, Taguchi R, Shibusawa N, Sato T, Tang L, Amano K, Kitazumi T, Kuroko M, Fujita Y, Maruyama J, Lee YS, Kobayashi M, Nakagawa T, Minokoshi Y, Harada A, Yamada M, Kitamura T. Hypothalamic SIRT1 prevents age-associated weight gain by improving leptin sensitivity in mice. Diabetologia 2014; 57:819-31. [PMID: 24374551 PMCID: PMC3940852 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-013-3140-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Obesity is associated with ageing and increased energy intake, while restriction of energy intake improves health and longevity in multiple organisms; the NAD(+)-dependent deacetylase sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is implicated in this process. Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) and agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus are critical for energy balance regulation, and the level of SIRT1 protein decreases with age in the ARC. In the current study we tested whether conditional Sirt1 overexpression in mouse POMC or AgRP neurons prevents age-associated weight gain and diet-induced obesity. METHODS We targeted Sirt1 cDNA sequence into the Rosa26 locus and generated conditional Sirt1 knock-in mice. These mice were crossed with mice harbouring either Pomc-Cre or Agrp-Cre and the metabolic variables, food intake, energy expenditure and sympathetic activity in adipose tissue of the resultant mice were analysed. We also used a hypothalamic cell line to investigate the molecular mechanism by which Sirt1 overexpression modulates leptin signalling. RESULTS Conditional Sirt1 overexpression in mouse POMC or AgRP neurons prevented age-associated weight gain; overexpression in POMC neurons stimulated energy expenditure via increased sympathetic activity in adipose tissue, whereas overexpression in AgRP neurons suppressed food intake. SIRT1 improved leptin sensitivity in hypothalamic neurons in vitro and in vivo by downregulating protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B, T cell protein-tyrosine phosphatase and suppressor of cytokine signalling 3. However, these phenotypes were absent in mice consuming a high-fat, high-sucrose diet due to decreases in ARC SIRT1 protein and hypothalamic NAD(+) levels. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION ARC SIRT1 is a negative regulator of energy balance, and decline in ARC SIRT1 function contributes to disruption of energy homeostasis by ageing and diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Sasaki
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi-shi, Gunma 371-8512 Japan
| | - Osamu Kikuchi
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi-shi, Gunma 371-8512 Japan
| | - Mayumi Shimpuku
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi-shi, Gunma 371-8512 Japan
| | - Vina Yanti Susanti
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi-shi, Gunma 371-8512 Japan
| | - Hiromi Yokota-Hashimoto
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi-shi, Gunma 371-8512 Japan
| | - Ryo Taguchi
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Shibusawa
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma Japan
| | - Takashi Sato
- Laboratory of Molecular Traffic, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma Japan
| | - Lijun Tang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Developmental Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi Japan
| | - Kosuke Amano
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi-shi, Gunma 371-8512 Japan
| | - Tomoya Kitazumi
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi-shi, Gunma 371-8512 Japan
| | - Mitsutaka Kuroko
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi-shi, Gunma 371-8512 Japan
| | - Yuki Fujita
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi-shi, Gunma 371-8512 Japan
| | - Jun Maruyama
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi-shi, Gunma 371-8512 Japan
| | - Yong-soo Lee
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi-shi, Gunma 371-8512 Japan
| | - Masaki Kobayashi
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi-shi, Gunma 371-8512 Japan
| | - Takashi Nakagawa
- Frontier Research Core for Life Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Toyama Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Minokoshi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Developmental Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi Japan
| | - Akihiro Harada
- Laboratory of Molecular Traffic, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma Japan
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka Japan
| | - Masanobu Yamada
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma Japan
| | - Tadahiro Kitamura
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi-shi, Gunma 371-8512 Japan
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Futagami S, Shimpuku M, Yamawaki H, Izumi N, Kodaka Y, Nagoya H, Wakabayashi T, Shindo T, Kawagoe T, Sakamoto C. Sleep disorders in functional dyspepsia and future therapy. J NIPPON MED SCH 2014; 80:104-9. [PMID: 23657063 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.80.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Sleep disorder is a common medical problem. Sleep disorder has been associated with several diseases, including pulmonary disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and fibromyalgia. Interest in sleep phenomenology and gastrointestinal functioning has recently increased, because sleep disorder causes significant morbidity, as evidenced by the increased need for general medical and mental health treatment for emotional problems. A number of studies have found an association between sleep disorders and functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. Although arousal from sleep serves several protective roles, such as increase in the speed of esophageal clearance and in airway refluxes to prevent aspiration, awakening from sleep unfortunately induces impairment of sleep quality. Some investigations about the relationship between psychogenic factors and gut motility are controversial. In addition, reports of alterations in gut motility during sleep have also been contradictory. We have evaluated sleep disorder in functional dyspepsia (FD) patients using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score. In our recent data, PSQI score of FD patients was significantly higher compared to that in healthy volunteers. Another study has reported that the distribution of subjects who thought that they got enough sleep was significantly lower for the FD/irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) subjects than for control subjects. Several studies have reported that anti-acid therapy and prokinetic agents are effective for certain FD patients. In addition, previous study has reported tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) drugs are effective for some FD patients. Finally, new drug, actiamide, a muscarinic antagonist and cholinesterase inhibitor, significantly improves Postprandial Distress Syndrome (PDS) symptoms. It might be critical issues for determination of precise mechanism for functional gastrointestinal disorders to clarify the relationship between gut motility and sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Futagami
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
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Nagoya H, Futagami S, Shimpuku M, Tatsuguchi A, Wakabayashi T, Yamawaki H, Kodaka Y, Kawagoe T, Watarai Y, Makino H, Miyashita M, Tsuchiya S, Crowe SE, Sakamoto C. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease-1 is associated with angiogenesis and VEGF production via upregulation of COX-2 expression in esophageal cancer tissues. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2014; 306:G183-90. [PMID: 24284961 PMCID: PMC5142390 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00057.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease-1 (APE-1) is a key enzyme responsible for DNA base excision repair and is also a multifunctional protein such as redox effector for several transcriptional factors. Our study was designed to investigate APE-1 expression and to study its interaction with cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression and VEGF production in the esophageal cancer. The expression of APE-1, COX-2, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, CC-chemokine receptor (CCR)2, and VEGF were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 65 human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) tissues. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were performed to detect mRNA and protein expression of APE-1 and p-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) expression in MCP-1-stimulated ESCC cell lines (KYSE 220 and EC-GI-10). siRNA for APE-1 was treated to determine the role of APE-1 in the regulation of COX-2 expression, VEGF production, and antiapoptotic effect against cisplatin. In human ESCC tissues, nuclear localization of APE-1 was observed in 92.3% (60/65) of all tissues. There was a significant relationship (P = 0.029, R = 0.49) between nuclear APE-1 and cytoplasmic COX-2 expression levels in the esophageal cancer tissues. In KYSE 220 and EC-GI-10 cells, MCP-1 stimulation significantly increased mRNA and protein expression of APE-1. Treatment with siRNA for APE-1 significantly inhibited p-STAT3 expression levels in MCP-1-stimulated cells. Furthermore, treatment of siRNA for APE-1 significantly reduced COX-2 expression and VEGF production in MCP-1-stimulated esophageal cancer cell lines. Treatment with APE-1 siRNA significantly increased apoptotic levels in cisplatin-incubated KYSE 220 and EC-GI-10 cells. We concluded that APE-1 is overexpressed and associated with COX-2 expression and VEGF production in esophageal cancer tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Nagoya
- 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine,
| | - Seiji Futagami
- 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine,
| | - Mayumi Shimpuku
- 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine,
| | | | | | | | - Yasuhiro Kodaka
- 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine,
| | - Tetsuro Kawagoe
- 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine,
| | | | - Hiroshi Makino
- 3Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan;
| | - Masao Miyashita
- 3Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan;
| | | | - Sheila E. Crowe
- 4Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
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Yamawaki H, Futagami S, Shimpuku M, Sato H, Wakabayashi T, Maruki Y, Kodaka Y, Nagoya H, Shindo T, Kawagoe T, Sakamoto C. Impact of sleep disorders, quality of life and gastric emptying in distinct subtypes of functional dyspepsia in Japan. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2013; 20:104-12. [PMID: 24466451 PMCID: PMC3895596 DOI: 10.5056/jnm.2014.20.1.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims The association between clinical symptoms, gastric emptying, quality of life and sleep disorders in distinct functional dyspepsia (FD) patients has not been studied yet in detail. Methods We enrolled 79 FD patients (postprandial distress syndrome [PDS], n = 65; epigastric pain syndrome [EPS], n = 47; EPS-PDS overlap, n = 33) and 44 healthy volunteers. Gastric motility was evaluated. We used Rome III criteria to evaluate clinical symptoms and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) scores to determine anxiety status. Sleep disorder was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores. Results There were no significant differences in age, sex and Helicobacter pylori positivity between FD subtypes and healthy volunteers. The scores of Glasgow dyspepsia severity scores (GDSS), SF-8 and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in distinct subtypes of FD patients were significantly different from those in healthy volunteers. However, there were not significant differences in these scores, Tmax and T1/2 among 3 subtypes of FD patients. PSQI score was significantly (P = 0.027, P = 0.002 and P = 0.039, respectively) associated with GDSS among EPS, PDS and EPS-PDS overlap patients. In addition, 8-item short form health survey (SF-8; Physical Component Score and Mental Component Score) was significantly associated with global PSQI score in PDS and EPS-PDS overlap patients. In contrast, SF-8 (Mental Component Score) only was significantly linked to global PSQI score in EPS patients. Conclusions Prevalences for sleep disorders, gastric motility and quality of life in 3 subtypes of FD patients were similar levels. In PDS and EPS-PDS overlap patients, SF-8 was significantly associated with global PSQI score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Yamawaki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiji Futagami
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayumi Shimpuku
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitomi Sato
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiga Wakabayashi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuuta Maruki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kodaka
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nagoya
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Shindo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Kawagoe
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Choitsu Sakamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Futagami S, Yamawaki H, Izumi N, Shimpuku M, Kodaka Y, Wakabayashi T, Nagoya H, Shindo T, Kawagoe T, Gudis K, Itoh T, Sakamoto C. Impact of sleep disorders in Japanese patients with functional dyspepsia (FD): nizatidine improves clinical symptoms, gastric emptying and sleep disorders in FD patients. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 28:1314-20. [PMID: 23611167 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.12236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The association between functional dyspepsia (FD) and sleep disorders has yet to be studied in detail. The aim of this study is to evaluate the risk factors associated with sleep disorders and the clinical response to nizatidine therapy for sleep disorders in Rome III-based FD patients. METHODS We enrolled 94 FD patients and 52 healthy volunteers. We used Rome III criteria to evaluate upper abdominal symptoms, and the Self-Rating Questionnaire for Depression scores to determine depression status. Sleep disorder was evaluated using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores, and degree of anxiety by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Gastric motility was evaluated. Thirty-four FD patients were treated with nizatidine (300 mg/day) or placebo for 4 weeks in a crossover trial. The primary end point of this study was to determine whether nizatidine could improve clinical symptoms and sleep disorders in FD patients. RESULTS The global PSQI score for FD patients was significantly (P < 0.001) higher compared with healthy volunteers. There were significant correlations between global PSQI scores and total Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale and Self-Rating Questionnaire for Depression scores (P < 0.001, P < 0.0001, respectively) in FD patients than in healthy volunteers. We found significant relationships between subjective sleep quality and both Tmax and T1/2 values in FD patients. Nizatidine significantly improved certain clinical symptoms, gastric emptying, and global PSQI score compared with placebo treatment. CONCLUSION Sleep disorders in FD patients correlated significantly with both clinical symptoms of dyspepsia and depression compared with healthy volunteers. Nizatidine significantly improved gastroesophageal reflux symptoms, gastric emptying, and sleep disorders in FD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Futagami
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
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11
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Lee YS, Sasaki T, Kobayashi M, Kikuchi O, Kim HJ, Yokota-Hashimoto H, Shimpuku M, Susanti VY, Ido-Kitamura Y, Kimura K, Inoue H, Tanaka-Okamoto M, Ishizaki H, Miyoshi J, Ohya S, Tanaka Y, Kitajima S, Kitamura T. Hypothalamic ATF3 is involved in regulating glucose and energy metabolism in mice. Diabetologia 2013; 56:1383-93. [PMID: 23462798 PMCID: PMC3648686 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-013-2879-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The pancreas and hypothalamus are critical for maintaining nutrient and energy homeostasis, and combined disorders in these organs account for the onset of the metabolic syndrome. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is an adaptive response transcription factor. The physiological role of ATF3 in the pancreas has been controversial, and its role in the hypothalamus remains unknown. To elucidate the roles of ATF3 in these organs, we generated pancreas- and hypothalamus-specific Atf3 knockout (PHT-Atf3-KO) mice in this study. METHODS We crossed mice bearing floxed Atf3 alleles with Pdx1-cre mice, in which cre is specifically expressed in the pancreas and hypothalamus, and analysed metabolic variables, pancreatic morphology, food intake, energy expenditure and sympathetic activity in adipose tissue. We also used a hypothalamic cell line to investigate the molecular mechanism by which ATF3 regulates transcription of the gene encoding agouti-related protein (Agrp). RESULTS Although PHT-Atf3-KO mice displayed better glucose tolerance, neither plasma glucagon nor insulin level was altered in these mice. However, these mice exhibited higher insulin sensitivity, which was accompanied by a leaner phenotype due to decreased food intake and increased energy expenditure. We also observed decreased hypothalamic Agrp expression in PHT-Atf3-KO mice. Importantly, an increase in ATF3 levels is induced by fasting or low glucose in the hypothalamus. We also showed that ATF3 interacts with forkhead box-containing protein, O subfamily 1 (FoxO1) on the Agrp promoter and activates Agrp transcription. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our results suggest that ATF3 plays an important role in the control of glucose and energy metabolism by regulating Agrp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y.-S. Lee
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512 Japan
| | - T. Sasaki
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512 Japan
| | - M. Kobayashi
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512 Japan
| | - O. Kikuchi
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512 Japan
| | - H.-J. Kim
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512 Japan
| | - H. Yokota-Hashimoto
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512 Japan
| | - M. Shimpuku
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512 Japan
| | - V.-Y. Susanti
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512 Japan
| | - Y. Ido-Kitamura
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512 Japan
| | - K. Kimura
- Department of Physiology and Metabolism, Brain/Liver Interface Medicine Research Center, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - H. Inoue
- Department of Physiology and Metabolism, Brain/Liver Interface Medicine Research Center, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - M. Tanaka-Okamoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - H. Ishizaki
- Department of Molecular Biology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - J. Miyoshi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - S. Ohya
- Department of Biochemical Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y. Tanaka
- Department of Biochemical Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S. Kitajima
- Department of Biochemical Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T. Kitamura
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512 Japan
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12
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Song J, Futagami S, Nagoya H, Kawagoe T, Yamawaki H, Kodaka Y, Tatsuguchi A, Gudis K, Wakabayashi T, Yonezawa M, Shimpuku M, Watarai Y, Iwakiri K, Hoshihara Y, Makino H, Miyashita M, Tsuchiya S, Li Y, E Crowe S, Sakamoto C. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease-1 (APE-1) is overexpressed via the activation of NF-κB-p65 in MCP-1-positive esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2013; 52:112-9. [PMID: 23525727 PMCID: PMC3593127 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.12-95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease-1 (APE-1), a key enzyme responsible for DNA base excision repair (BER), has been linked to cancer chemoradiosensitivity. The phosphorylation of p65 plays a role in the activation of this pathway. In this study, we investigated APE-1 expression and its interaction with p65 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) tissue. The expression of APE-1, p65, p65 nuclear localization sequence (p65-NLS), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) was assessed by immunohistochemical analysis in 67 human ESCC tissue samples. Real-time PCR and western blotting were also performed. p65 siRNA was evaluated to determine the role of p65 in the regulation of APE-1 expression. We found nuclear localization of APE-1 in 89.6% (60/67) of ESCC tissue samples. We also observed the colocalization of p65-NLS and APE-1 in esophageal cancer tissue. In KYSE220 cells, pretreatment of MG-132 significantly abrogated upregulation of p65 and APE-1 levels induced by MCP-1, and treatment with 10 and 20 nM p65 siRNA significantly inhibited APE-1 mRNA expression. siRNA for p65 treatment significantly increased the apoptotic index in 5-FU-treated KYSE220 cells. We conclude that APE-1 is overexpressed and mainly localized in the nuclear compartment of cancer cells, and partly regulated by p65 in the NF-κB pathway in ESCC tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmin Song
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan ; Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Sanhao Street 36, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, P.R. China
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13
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Futagami S, Shimpuku M, Song JM, Kodaka Y, Yamawaki H, Nagoya H, Shindo T, Kawagoe T, Horie A, Gudis K, Iwakiri K, Sakamoto C. Nizatidine improves clinical symptoms and gastric emptying in patients with functional dyspepsia accompanied by impaired gastric emptying. Digestion 2013; 86:114-21. [PMID: 22846371 DOI: 10.1159/000339111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS In this crossover study, we investigated whether nizatidine, a H(2)-receptor antagonist, can alleviate clinical symptoms and gastric emptying in patients with Rome III-based functional dyspepsia (FD) with or without impaired gastric emptying. METHODS We enrolled 30 patients presenting with FD symptoms (epigastric pain syndrome, n = 6; postprandial distress syndrome, n = 24). Rome III-based FD patients were treated with nizatidine (300 mg/day) or placebo for 4 weeks in a crossover trial. Gastric motility was mainly evaluated with the T(max) value using the (13)C-acetate breath test. Meal-related symptoms were defined as postprandial fullness and early satiation. Gastroesophageal symptom was defined as a burning feeling rising from the stomach or lower chest up toward the neck. Acylated- and desacylated ghrelin levels were evaluated by the ELISA method. Clinical symptoms, gastric emptying and ghrelin levels were evaluated at three different points during the study (pretreatment, after 4 weeks former treatment and after 4 weeks later treatment). The primary end point of this study was to determine whether nizatidine would improve clinical symptoms and gastric emptying in FD patients with or without impaired gastric emptying via affecting ghrelin levels. RESULTS Meal-related symptoms of the patients treated with nizatidine improved significantly (21/30; 70%) compared to those treated with placebo (3/30; 10%). In addition, nizatidine treatment also significantly improved gastroesophageal symptoms (16/30; 53%) compared to those treated with placebo (0/30; 0%). Nizatidine treatment in patients with FD accompanied by impaired gastric emptying significantly improved clinical symptoms and T(max) value as a marker of gastric emptying (10/11, 91%; 9/11, 82%) compared to placebo therapy, respectively. There were no significant differences in ghrelin levels between nizatidine treatment and placebo therapy. CONCLUSION Nizatidine administration significantly improved both gastric emptying and clinical symptoms in FD patients with impaired gastric emptying.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Futagami
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
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14
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Sasaki T, Shimpuku M, Kitazumi T, Hiraga H, Nakagawa Y, Shibata H, Okamatsu-Ogura Y, Kikuchi O, Kim HJ, Fujita Y, Maruyama J, Susanti VY, Yokota-Hashimoto H, Kobayashi M, Saito M, Kitamura T. Miglitol prevents diet-induced obesity by stimulating brown adipose tissue and energy expenditure independent of preventing the digestion of carbohydrates. Endocr J 2013; 60:1117-29. [PMID: 23995917 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej13-0333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Miglitol is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor that improves post-prandial hyperglycemia, and it is the only drug in its class that enters the bloodstream. Anecdotally, miglitol lowers patient body weight more effectively than other alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, but the precise mechanism has not been addressed. Therefore, we analyzed the anti-obesity effects of miglitol in mice and in the HB2 brown adipocyte cell line. Miglitol prevented diet-induced obesity by stimulating energy expenditure without affecting food intake in mice. Long-term miglitol treatment dose-dependently prevented diet-induced obesity and induced mitochondrial gene expression in brown adipose tissue. The anti-obesity effect was independent of preventing carbohydrate digestion in the gastrointestinal tract. Miglitol effectively stimulated energy expenditure in mice fed a high-fat high-monocarbohydrate diet, and intraperitoneal injection of miglitol was sufficient to stimulate energy expenditure in mice. Acarbose, which is a non-absorbable alpha glucosidase inhibitor, also prevented diet-induced obesity, but through a different mechanism: it did not stimulate energy expenditure, but caused indigestion, leading to less energy absorption. Miglitol promoted adrenergic signaling in brown adipocytes in vitro. These data indicate that circulating miglitol stimulates brown adipose tissue and increases energy expenditure, thereby preventing diet-induced obesity. Further optimizing miglitol's effect on brown adipose tissue could lead to a novel anti-obesity drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Sasaki
- Laboratory of Metabolic Signal, Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
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15
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Futagami S, Shimpuku M, Kawagoe T, Izumi N, Ohishi N, Yamawaki H, Shindo T, Nagoya H, Horie A, Kodaka Y, Gudis K, Itoh T, Sakamoto C. The preproghrelin 3056 TT genotype is associated with the feeling of hunger and low acylated ghrelin levels in Japanese patients with Helicobacter pylori-negative functional dyspepsia. Intern Med 2013; 52:1155-63. [PMID: 23728548 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.52.8662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE An impairment of gastric motility is strongly associated with the pathophysiology of functional dyspepsia (FD). Plasma ghrelin is one of the key molecules linked to gastric motility. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate whether ghrelin (GHRL) gene polymorphisms are associated with clinical symptoms, the plasma ghrelin levels and gastric emptying in patients with FD as defined by the Rome III classification. METHODS We enrolled 74 Helicobacter pylori-negative patients presenting with typical symptoms of FD (epigastric pain syndrome (EPS), n=23; postprandial distress syndrome (PDS), n=51) and 102 healthy volunteers. Gastric motility was evaluated according to the Tmax value and T1/2 using the (13)C-acetate breath test. We used the Rome III criteria to evaluate upper abdominal symptoms and SRQ-D scores to determine the depression status. The Arg51Gln(346G->A), preproghrelin3056T->C, Leu72Met(408C->A) and Gln90Leu(3412T->A) polymorphisms were analyzed in DNA in blood samples obtained from the enrolled subjects. Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS There was a significant relationship (p=0.048) between the preproghrelin 3056TT genotype and the serum levels of acylated ghrelin in the H. pylori-negative FD patients. The preproghrelin 3056TT genotype was significantly (p=0.047) associated with the feeling of hunger in the H. pylori-negative FD patients. CONCLUSION The preproghrelin 3056TT genotype is significantly associated with the acylated ghrelin levels and the feeling of hunger in H. pylori-negative FD patients. Further studies are needed to clarify the association between the preproghrelin 3056TT genotype and lower plasma acylated ghrelin levels and the impact of this relationship on the feeling of hunger in H. pylori-negative FD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Futagami
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, Japan.
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16
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Futagami S, Shimpuku M, Yin Y, Shindo T, Kodaka Y, Nagoya H, Nakazawa S, Fujimoto M, Izumi N, Ohishi N, Kawagoe T, Horie A, Iwakiri K, Sakamoto C. Pathophysiology of functional dyspepsia. J NIPPON MED SCH 2012; 78:280-5. [PMID: 22041874 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.78.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Functional dyspepsia is a highly prevalent and heterogeneous disorder. Functional dyspepsia involves many pathogenic factors, such as gastric motility disorders, visceral hypersensitivity, psychological factors, Helicobacter pylori infection, and excessive gastric acid secretion. The present article provides an overview of pathogenetic factors and pathophysiologic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Futagami
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
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17
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Futagami S, Kawagoe T, Kodaka Y, Nagoya H, Shimpuku M, Ueki N, Horie A, Kusunoki M, Miyake K, Sakamoto C. Migration of CD133-positive Cells in Human Gastric Cancer Tissues. J NIPPON MED SCH 2012. [DOI: 10.1272/jnms.79.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Nobue Ueki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School
| | - Akane Horie
- Division of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School
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18
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Shimpuku M, Futagami S, Kawagoe T, Nagoya H, Shindo T, Horie A, Kodaka Y, Itoh T, Sakamoto C. G-protein β3 subunit 825CC genotype is associated with postprandial distress syndrome with impaired gastric emptying and with the feeling of hunger in Japanese. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2011; 23:1073-80. [PMID: 21902766 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2011.01781.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND G-protein dysfunction related alteration of intracellular signal transduction might be linked to various abnormalities of functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) as well as G-protein is also key signaling molecule sensorimotor functions in the GI tract. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the correlation between gastric emptying and GNβ3 and 5-HTs polymorphisms in functional dyspepsia (FD) as defined by Rome III classification. METHODS Seventy-four patients presenting with typical symptoms of FD (epigastric pain syndrome: EPS, n=24; postprandial distress syndrome: PDS, n = 51) and sixty-four healthy volunteers were enrolled. Gastric motility was evaluated with the T(max) value using the (13) C-acetate breath test. We used Rome III criteria to evaluate upper abdominal symptoms and SRQ-D scores to determine depression status. GNβ3-C825T, 5-HT(1A) -C1019G, 5-HT(2A) -G1438A, 5-HT(3A) -C42T, and 5-HT(4A) -G353+6A polymorphisms were analyzed in DNA from blood samples of enrolled subjects. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction. KEY RESULTS There was a significant relationship (P=0.045) between GNβ3 825CC genotype and PDS patients without gastro-esophageal reflux symptoms with impaired gastric emptying. In Japanese, GNβ3 825CC genotype in FD patients was significantly associated (P=0.0485) with the feeling of hunger compared with GNβ3 825CT and TT genotypes. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES Our results suggest that the GNβ3 825CC genotype is significantly associated with PDS patients without gastro-esophageal reflux with impairments of gastric emptying and also with the feeling of hunger in patients with FD. Further studies are needed to clarify whether the GNβ3 825CC genotype is linked to disturbances of gastric emptying via altered signal transduction responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shimpuku
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan Center for Information Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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19
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Futagami S, Shindo T, Kawagoe T, Horie A, Shimpuku M, Gudis K, Iwakiri K, Itoh T, Sakamoto C. Migration of eosinophils and CCR2-/CD68-double positive cells into the duodenal mucosa of patients with postinfectious functional dyspepsia. Am J Gastroenterol 2010; 105:1835-42. [PMID: 20461070 DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2010.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recent studies have shown that postinfectious functional dyspepsia (FD) symptoms may persist after elimination of gastrointestinal (GI) infection as well as postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome accompanying colonic inflammation. However, it is unclear whether intestinal chronic inflammation can contribute to clinical symptoms of certain FD patients such as postinfectious FD. To determine the relationship between local inflammation of the duodenum and clinical symptoms, we evaluated the infiltration of several phenotypes of duodenal inflammatory cells as well as gastric motility using (13)C urea breath test in postinfectious FD patients. METHODS We enrolled 136 consecutive patients diagnosed with FD according to Rome III criteria, and 20 healthy controls, after upper GI endoscopy. Gastric motility was evaluated by gastric emptying time (T-max) using the (13)C-acetate breath test. Upper abdominal symptoms including epigastric pain, epigastric burning, postprandial fullness, abdominal distension, and early satiety were assessed by questionnaire scores. We obtained biopsy specimens from the stomach and duodenum during upper GI endoscopy. Histological gastritis and duodenitis were assessed as mild, moderate, or severe according to previously described criteria. Characteristics of inflammatory cells and neuroendocrine cells were determined immunohistochemically with antibodies to CD3, CD68, CCR2, Vdelta1 TCR, and serotonin. RESULTS Endoscopic duodenitis was observed in only 5.7% of postinfectious FD patients. However, the rates of histological duodenitis in duodenal biopsies of postinfectious FD patients were 17% for mild, 26% for moderate, and 57% for severe grades of duodenitis. The degree of histological duodenitis of postinfectious FD patients was significantly greater than that of healthy volunteers. There was a significant correlation between epigastric burning and the degree of duodenitis in postinfectious FD patients. There was no significant difference in histological duodenitis and T-max value in the postinfectious FD patients with or without Helicobacter pylori infection. In addition, CD68-positive cell number in postinfectious FD patients was significantly increased compared with the numbers in subjects with epigastric pain syndrome or postprandial distress syndrome and in healthy volunteers. CCR2-/CD68-double positive cell number in postinfectious FD patients was significantly (P=0.009) increased compared with those in healthy volunteers. CONCLUSIONS Migration of inflammatory cells, in particular, duodenal CCR2-positive macrophages, may have an important function in the pathophysiology of postinfectious FD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Futagami
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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Futagami S, Hamamoto T, Shimpuku M, Nagoya H, Kawagoe T, Horie A, Shindo T, Gudis K, Sakamoto C. Celecoxib inhibits CD133-positive cell migration via reduction of CCR2 in Helicobacter pylori-infected Mongolian gerbils. Digestion 2010; 81:193-203. [PMID: 20090335 DOI: 10.1159/000252790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2009] [Accepted: 10/13/2009] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS To see whether celecoxib prevents gastric cancer occurrence by disrupting the progression of chronic gastritis into gastric carcinoma through its inhibition of the migration of CD133-positive cells, one of the surface markers of bone marrow-derived cells, in Helicobacter pylori-infected gerbils. METHODS 70 gerbils were divided into six groups. Group 1 gerbils served as control (n = 6). 10 gerbils were given N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU), 30 ppm (group 2). 6 short-term Helicobacter pylori-infected gerbils (group 3) were sacrificed after 8 weeks of H. pylori infection and 6 long-term H. pylori-infected gerbils were sacrificed after 42 weeks of H. pylori infection (group 4). 20 gerbils were given MNU pretreatment and long-term H. pylori infection (group 5). In addition, after H. pylori inoculation, 22 gerbils also received a celecoxib in their diet (group 6). CD133 and CCR2 expression in gastric tissues was evaluated by Western blot analysis and immunostaining. RESULTS CD133-positive cells were mainly localized in the bottom of the gastric epithelial cells. CD133-positive cells also migrated into gastric cancer tissues in this model. CD133-positive cells in MNU-pretreated H. pylori-infected gerbils were significantly increased compared to those in H. pylori short-term infected gerbils. Celecoxib treatment significantly reduced CD133-positive cell migration and CCR2 expression levels. CD133- and CCR2-positive cells were colocalized in H. pylori-infected gastritis and gastric cancer tissues. Celecoxib treatment significantly reduced the number of CD133- and CCR2-positive cells. CONCLUSIONS Celecoxib inhibits CD133-positive cell migration via the reduction of CCR2 in this model. Further studies are needed to clarify the precise mechanisms driving H. pylori infection-induced CD133-positive cell migration and its link to the progression of chronic gastritis into gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Futagami
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
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