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Khatun MS, Hossain MA, Kabir MA, Rahman MA. Identification and analysis of accident black spots using Geographic Information System (GIS): A study on Kushtia-Jhenaidah national highway (N704), Bangladesh. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25952. [PMID: 38371970 PMCID: PMC10873738 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Road accidents, mostly on national highways, pose a significant public health and economic burden in Bangladesh, requiring in-depth analysis for road safety measures. This study comprehensively analyzes accident trends, characteristics, causes, and consequences by identifying the accident black spots on the Kushtia-Jhenaidah National Highway (N704). Accident records from 2017 to 2021 were collected from nearby police stations. Additionally, using a cluster random sampling approach, a questionnaire survey with 100 respondents (50% drivers and 50% general road users) was also conducted to capture diverse perceptions and behaviors. The study utilizes descriptive methods, such as trends analysis and frequency distributions, alongside spatial analysis techniques, including severity index, Kernel Density Estimation, and hotspot analysis. Findings indicate a decrease in accidents from 2018 to 2021, yet a concerning rise in fatalities in 2021. Trucks (47.9%) emerge as the primary contributor among 169 vehicles involved in accidents. Head-on collisions (36%) are prevalent, attributed to both human and environmental factors, including driver inexperience (56%), mobile phone use while driving (78%), lack of proper training (12%), overspeeding (28.3%), and nighttime driving (54%) influenced by seasons and land use. Mostly, victims aged from 20 to 40, where men are more affected by fatalities (70.7%) and women by injuries (86.3%). Out of 35 identified accident spots, including Battail, Bittipara Bazar, Laxmipur Bazar, Modhupur Bazar, IU Main Gate, Sheikhpara Bazar, and DM College Front, are designated as blackspot zones based on the frequency of accidents, deaths, and injuries. The study concludes by recommending targeted interventions, driver training, infrastructure improvements, regulatory measures, and victim assistance in collaboration with local and national agencies to enhance road safety and mitigate accident risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Most Suria Khatun
- Dept. of Geography and Environment, Islamic University, Kushtia-7003, Bangladesh
| | - Md Anik Hossain
- Dept. of Geography and Environment, Islamic University, Kushtia-7003, Bangladesh
| | - Md Anisul Kabir
- Dept. of Geography and Environment, Islamic University, Kushtia-7003, Bangladesh
| | - Md Asikur Rahman
- Dept. of Geography and Environment, Islamic University, Kushtia-7003, Bangladesh
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Sharmin F, Mirza TT, Latif T, Islam FA, Shamsi S, Kabir MA, Shejuti TR, Nigar K, Sarna IZ, Khan MK. Hormonal Parameters in Diverse Phenotypes of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. Mymensingh Med J 2023; 32:3-9. [PMID: 36594292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a polygenic and multifactorial condition, regarded as the most common endocrine abnormality of women in reproductive period. It is commonly assumed that insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism and obesity significantly influence the pathophysiological process of PCOS. This study was designed to estimate hormonal parameters in different phenotypes of PCOS. The cross sectional descriptive type of observational study was carried out at Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh, Bangladesh from January 2018 to June 2019. Data were collected from purposively selected 107 patients with PCOS by interview, clinical examination and laboratory investigations using a pretested case record form. Data were analyzed by computer software, SPSS-version 22.0. Hormonal parameters in different phenotypes of PCOS were compared with ANOVA test. Phenotype A was found in highest number (59.8%) followed by phenotype B (14.9%), phenotype D (14.0%) and phenotype C (11.2%). Biochemical hyperandrogenism was observed highest in phenotype A (57.8%) followed by phenotype B (36.4%) and phenotype C (6.1%). Biochemical or clinical hyperandrogenism was not observed among patients of phenotype D. Altered LH:FSH ratio was high in phenotype A (14.1%) and Phenotype B (2.8%). Increased serum prolactin level was found highest in phenotype A (10.3%) and increased serum TSH was found highest in phenotype D (4.7%). Statistically significant difference was observed among levels of serum testosterone of different phenotypes (p<0.001). Hormonal derangements among different phenotypes reflect the severity of reproductive dysfunction and metabolic aberrations. Screening for metabolic risks of diverse phenotypes is important to detect and prevent long term health consequences of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sharmin
- Dr Farhana Sharmin, Medical Officer, Department of Radiotherapy, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Mymensingh, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Ahmad F, Hossain MA, Islam MN, Chowdhury B, Aktar A, Amin SE, Kabir MA, Tusnim I, Alam MT, Pandit P. Serum Electrolyte, Serum Calcium and Blood Sugar Status in Severe Acute Malnutrition and Their Relationship with Edema, Vomiting and Diarrhea. Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:281-288. [PMID: 35383739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is the most severe form of protein energy malnutrition (PEM). Few studies found serum electrolyte, serum calcium level changes as important factors of poor outcome. Hypoglycemia is already established as a risk factor for death in severe acute malnutrition. Edema, diarrhea and vomiting are commonly present in severe acute malnutrition which has impact on electrolyte balance and blood sugar level in healthy children. Their impact in severe acute malnutrition is not clearly established. This cross sectional descriptive study was conducted in Department of Pediatrics, MMCH from March 2018 to October 2019 to estimate serum electrolyte, serum calcium and random blood sugar level in severe acute malnutrition and their relationship with edema, vomiting and diarrhea. Forty-one (41) cases of SAM were enrolled in this study. Test samples were collected before starting the treatment. Case record form was used to collect information. Cases were divided into Group A and Group B based on the presence or absence of vomiting or diarrhea, respectively. Again, all cases were divided into Group C and Group D based on presence or absence of edema, respectively. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS statistics version 23. Mean age was 9.71±10.4 months with 85.36% having age less than 1 year. Twenty-four (58.5%) were male and 17(41.5%) were female. Parents had low level of education with 48.8% mother and 51.2% father having primary education or no education. Higher number of serum electrolyte, serum calcium and blood sugar were found with hyperglycemia present in 29.3%, hypocalcemia in 22%, hypokalemia in 22% and hyponatremia in 19.5% cases. Hypokalemia was present more in SAM with vomiting or diarrhea (p=0.008). Other disturbances do not vary on presence or absence of edema and vomiting or diarrhea. Result of the present study shows hypokalemia is associated with SAM with vomiting/diarrhea. Hypocalcemia, hyperglycemia, hyponatremia and hypernatremia were also present in high number. These changes should be detected early and treated accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ahmad
- Dr Fahim Ahmad, Registrar, Paediatrics Neurology & Development, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Mymensingh, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Malek MS, Hoque MN, Azam MG, Kabir MA, Islam MS, Mamoon MA, Ahmed S, Siddiqui NI. Prediction of Esophageal Varices in Chronic Liver Disease by Liver Stiffness-Spleen Size-to-Plalelet Ratio Risk Score. Mymensingh Med J 2021; 30:115-122. [PMID: 33397861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Non-invasive tools are needed to rule out the presence of esophageal varices (EV) in patients with chronic liver disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate diagnostic accuracy of Liver stiffness-spleen size-to-platelet ratio (LSPS) for EV detection and identification of high risk EV in patients with CLD. A total of 70 patients with CLD irrespective of the etiology attending at OPD and admitted in Department of Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disorders (GHPD) of BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2016 to October 2017 were enrolled in this observational cross-sectional study. All patients underwent routine laboratory tests, liver function tests, ultrasonography, liver stiffness (LS) measurement and esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Clinical value of LSPS was compared with platelet count, spleen size and LS for detection of esophageal varices. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed by the Area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated using ROC curve. LSPS has better diagnostic accuracy for detection of EV in terms of AUROC, showing superiority over each factor alone. LSPS also detect high risk EV but accuracy was lower than detection of EV. The optimal cutoff values of LSPS for EV and high risk EV were 0.879 and 4.132 respectively, at which AUROC, negative predictive value, and accuracy were 0.910 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.832-0.988], 90.9% and 90.0% and 0.695 (95% CI 0.520-0.870), 62.5% and 69.4% respectively. LSPS represents a useful, noninvasive method to detect EV and a high risk EV in patients with CLD. Clinicians should recommend those patients with CLD who show higher values of LSPS to undergo further endoscopic examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Malek
- Dr Md Saiful Malek, Junior Consultant Medicine, Upazilla Health Complex, Vhaluka, Mymensingh, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Malek MS, Robi IH, Islam MS, Kabir MA, Uddin MZ, Sumon SM, Siddiqui NI. Clinical and Hematological Features of Visceral Leishmaniasis at Mymensingh Medical College Hospital. Mymensingh Med J 2020; 29:879-886. [PMID: 33116091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Visceral Leishmaniasis is the most severe form of leishmaniasis and can be fatal in the absence of treatment. Mortality is very high in untreated cases 90%. Clinical case series document a 5% case fatality rate for kala-azar patients in the hospital as complication of the disease. Nepal, India, Bangladesh, Brazil and Sudan constitute five countries of the world where more than 90% of visceral leishmaniasis occurs. Mymensingh accounted for more than 50% of total kala-azar case reported in Bangladesh. This observational study was done at SKKRC under Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh, Bangladesh from 1st august 2013 to 28th February 2014, to find out various clinical features and hematological picture in visceral leishmaniasis. Total 100 diagnosed case of visceral leishmaniasis was taken. Among total patient male and female were nearly equally affected by kala-azar. All age group were affected by kala-azar from below 2 years to above 50 years. Poor people in the society were affected more by kala-azar. Mymensingh was the highest incidence of kala-azar among different district in Bangladesh. Pyrexia, pallor, weight loss were the main symptoms of visceral leishmaniasis. Abdominal distension, jaundice, vomiting, cough, bleeding manifestation were less frequent symptoms of kala-azar. Hepatosplenomegaly were the frequent sign of kala-azar. Majority of patient had anemia, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia. ESR was frequently raised in kala-azar patient among those patient many had high ESR more than 100 mm in 1st hour. In conclusion prolong fever, progressive pallor, anorexia, weight loss, hepatosplenomegaly in endemic area were the main clinical features of visceral leishmaniasis. Anemia, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, bi-cytopenia, pancytopenia and high ESR were frequently found hematological pictures in visceral leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Malek
- Dr Md Saiful Malek, Junior Consultant Medicine, Upazilla Health Complex, Vhaluka, Mymensingh, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Ali MH, Kabir MA, Islam MS, Rahim CM, Hasan MK, Islam MK, Hasan MR, Alam MS. Study on Precipitating Factor of Chronic Hepatic Encephalopathy. Mymensingh Med J 2020; 29:800-806. [PMID: 33116080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a neuro-psychiatric manifestation of chronic liver disease causing significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Though the exact mechanism is unknown but it is well accepted that various precipitating factors are involved in hepatic encephalopathy. Aim of the study was explore the precipitating factors of chronic hepatic encephalopathy. This cross sectional descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Medicine and Department of Hepatology, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh, Bangladesh during the period from April 2016 to October 2016. One hundred patients with hepatic encephalopathy fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled. Inclusion criteria were designed for all diagnosed cases of hepatic encephalopathy associated with cirrhosis of liver aged 18 years or above irrespective of sex. Patients with acute fulminant hepatitis and non-cirrhotic hepatic encephalopathy were excluded. The result of the study was mean age of hepatic encephalopathy was 52.81±8.15 years and 94.0% patients were above 40 years. Male (66.0%) were predominant over female (34.0%). HBsAg and Anti HCV were positive in 49.0% and 11.0% patients respectively. Stage of hepatic encephalopathy was stage-I in 8.0%, stage-II in 37.0%, stage-III in 39.0% and stage-IV in 16.0% patients. Changes of biochemical parameters were low haemoglobin level (70.0%), raised total count of leukocyte (25.0%), low platelet count (68.0%), low serum albumin (98.0%) raised prothrombin time (60.0%), low serum sodium (34.0%) and low serum potassium (63.0%). The recoded precipitating factors were gastrointestinal bleeding (14.0%), constipation (37.0%), hyponatremia (34.0%), hypokalemia (28.0%) infections (20.0%), use of diruretics (8.0%), use of sedatives (4.0%) and excess intake of protein (6.0%). While precipitating factor was absent in 11.0% of cases. In conclusion there are different factors which play a key role in precipitating hepatic encephalopathy but electrolytes imbalance, constipation, infections, Upper GI bleed, diuretics are the most common precipitating factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Ali
- Dr Md Haidar Ali, Registrar, Department of Medical Oncology, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Mymensingh, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Hossain MS, Alam MR, Hasan MI, Sharif JU, Kabir MA, Islam MA, Alam AJ, Sultana T, Akter J. Prevalence of Serological Markers of Viruses in Patients of Acute Hepatitis. Mymensingh Med J 2019; 28:278-285. [PMID: 31086138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Infections due to hepatitis A (HAV), hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV) and hepatitis E (HEV) viruses are the major causes of hepatitis and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality in developing countries like Bangladesh. The aim of this study was to assess the distribution pattern of serological markers in patients of acute viral hepatitis. This was a hospital based observational cross sectional study among purposively selected 107 patients admitted with acute viral hepatitis in the Department of Medicine, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh, Bangladesh from April 2017 to September 2017. Data were collected by face-to-face interview of the patients, clinical assessment and investigations of biochemical and serological parameters using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was done using the analytic software SPSS version 21.0. The mean age of the patients was 33.35±12.97 years. Majority was male (68.2%), Muslim (87.9%), married (72.9%) and came from urban area (63.6%) with different level of educational qualifications. The prevalence of viral hepatitis is higher in male (68.22%) than female (31.78%). The common clinical presentations were dark coloured urine (100.0%), yellow colouration of the sclera (100.0%), anorexia (90.6%), nausea/vomiting (79.4%) and abdominal pain (68.2%). Of the 107 patients, 51.40% (n=55) had acute viral E hepatitis, 36.40% (n=39) had acute viral B hepatitis, 12.15% (n=13) had acute viral A hepatitis. Mixed infection with both hepatitis E and A viruses was 1.87% (n=2). HEV and HBV are common in relatively older age while HAV is common in relatively younger age to cause acute viral hepatitis. The study revealed a high prevalence of HEV followed by HBV and HAV in the Bangladeshi population suspected of having suffered from acute viral hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Hossain
- Dr Md Sohrab Hossain, IMO (Medicine), Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Mymensingh, Bangladesh; E-mail: sohrab
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Kabir MA, Uddin MZ, Siddiqui NI, Robi IH, Malek MS, Islam MS, Rahman S, Hossain MS, Mahapatra SK, Alam MJ, Ahmad F, Alam MS, Islam MA. Prevalence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Its Biochemical Predictors in Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus. Mymensingh Med J 2018; 27:237-244. [PMID: 29769484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is emerging as the most common chronic liver condition in the Western world and it is commonly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The aim of this study to determine the prevalence of NAFLD and identify the predisposing factors in type 2 DM patients with NAFLD. Total of 258 patients of type 2 DM were included in this observational study in the Department of Medicine, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh, Bangladesh from 11th May 2013 to 11th November 2013. Patients with characteristic findings on ultrasonography were considered as having fatty liver. They were divided into fatty liver (Group I) and non-fatty liver group (Group II) and were further evaluated by measurement of body mass index, liver function tests and lipid profile. Out of 258 type 2 diabetic patients, 167 (64.7%) patients had fatty liver on ultrasonography. BMI, waist-hip ratio and triglyceride levels in the Group I was significantly higher than Group II. An increase in the levels of ALT, AST, total cholesterol, LDL and a decrease in HDL was observed in Group I as compared to Group II. The prevalence of NAFLD is common among in type 2 diabetic patients and it increases with the rising incidence of obesity. Obesity as well as elevated liver enzymes, triglyceride and cholesterol are significantly raised in NAFLD patients with type 2 DM. It highlights the importance of routine liver function test and lipid profile in subjects with type 2 DM and should be more closely observed for NAFLD and liver complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Kabir
- Dr Md Ahsanul Kabir, Registrar (Endocrinology), Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Mymensingh, Bangladesh
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Islam MS, Uddin MZ, Ali MS, Islam MN, Rahman MH, Robi IH, Haque MM, Rahman MW, Uddin MA, Ahamed F, Malek MS, Kabir MA, Rahman MS, Khan AU, Doel FA. Modified Blatchford Score for Risk Stratification in Adult Patient with Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Haemorrhage and Their Short Term Hospital Outcome. Mymensingh Med J 2017; 26:490-497. [PMID: 28919600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (UGIH) is one of the most common and life-threatening gastrointestinal emergency. There are several risk scores for risk stratification in UGIB patients. The Modified Blatchford score, which relies only on clinical and laboratory parameters, is practical in the emergency setting The Modified Blatchford scoring system also known as Glasgow Blatchford Scoring (GBS) have been developed to stratify risk of non variceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage or need of medical or surgical intervention, endoscopic therapy. Objective of this study is to see risk stratification by The Modified Blatchford score and short term hospital outcome in non variceal upper GI hemorrhage patients. The observational study was carried out over a period of 6 months from October, 2014 to March, 2015 in Department of Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Surgery Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh. A total of 120 patients with non variceal UGIH were taken for the study during study period. Categorical variables were reported as percentage and Means and proportions were carried out using the Chi-square test (X2-test) of different variables by SPSS software version-18.0. Patients related variables age, sex; and main outcome variables the Modified Blatchford scoring system, Risk stratification, and short term hospital outcome were observed. Age frequency among total cases were 66(55%) <60 years, 50(41.67%) from 60-79 years and 4(3.3%) 80 years or above and sex distribution were 84(70%) were male and 36(30%) were female patients. Blatchford score of patients 1(0.83%) had score 0, 1(0.83%) had score 1, 2(1.67%) had score 2, 2(1.67%) had score 3, 2(1.67%) had score 4, 3(2.5%) had score 5, 12(10%) had score 6; 15(12.5%) had score 7, 16(13.33%) had score 8, 17(14.17%) had score 9, 16(13.33%) had score 10, 15(12.5%) had score 11, 10(8.33%) had score 12, 4(3.33% ) had score 13, 1(0.83%) had score 14, 2(1.67%) had score 15 and 1(0.83%) had score 16. Risk stratification showed 54(45%) had low risk (Mean GBS score 6.19±1.79), 66(55%) had high risk (Mean GBS score 11.03±1.83) Outcome of the patients were observed that 1(0.83%) died, 54(45%) was discharged without any medical or surgical intervention, and 65(54.17%) patients' needs medical or surgical intervention such as blood transfusion and endoscopy. Among total 120 patients with upper GI hemorrhage I have found that GBS score of three or less than three is predictive of low risk of adverse outcomes and can be discharged without any intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Islam
- Dr Md Saiful Islam, Medical Officer (Gastroenterology), Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Mymensingh
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Manna FN, Khanam NN, Chowdhury KA, Das SN, Kabir MA, Zubyra SJ, Rahman R, Akhter K. Study on Association of Maternal Serum Triglyceride with Pre-eclampsia. Mymensingh Med J 2015; 24:578-584. [PMID: 26329958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Till now pre-eclampsia is a disease of multiple theories. This case control study was carried out in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Hospital and Dhaka Medical College Hospital, from January 2006 to December 2007 to determine the association of maternal serum triglyceride with pre-eclampsia. Ninety pregnant women were studied, among them 45 patients were pre-eclamptic and served as case and 45 normal healthy pregnant women served as control. Estimation of serum triglyceride levels of all study patients was done with the help of enzymatic method. The mean (± SD) systolic blood pressure was 152.4 ± 19.8 mmHg in study group and 112.0 ± 8.9 mmHg in control group (p<0.05). Similarly the mean (± SD) diastolic blood pressure was 103.1 ± 12.2 mmHg in case group and 75.5 ± 6.6 mmHg in control group (p<0.05). Serum triglyceride level was more than the normal reference value in pre-eclamptic group. The mean (± SD) serum triglyceride level was 242.9 ± 36.8 mg/dl in case group and 184.6 ± 12.5mg/dl in control group. Statistically the difference was significant (p<0.05). The level of serum triglyceride positively correlated with the rise of blood pressure and degree of albuminuria. Thus serum triglyceride level increase in pre-eclampsia and the level correlate with the severity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- F N Manna
- Dr Fakhrun Nessa Manna, Consultant, Saphena Women's Dental College & General Hospital, Malibag, Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Rahman R, Hoq MS, Arifuzzaman M, Kabir MA, Khanam NN. Pregnancy with myasthenia gravis. Mymensingh Med J 2014; 23:395-400. [PMID: 24858175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder of the neuromuscular transmission, caused by auto antibodies against the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. These antibodies of the IgG isotype are detected in 80-90% of generalized MG and in 50-70% of ocular MG. Seronegative MG is caused by humoral factors. Prevalence of MG lies between 1 in 10.000 and 1 in 50.000, with 2/3 of affected individuals being female. In the case of maternal myasthenia gravis, both the mother and the child may develop myasthenia symptoms with varying degrees of weakness and progressive fatigability of the skeletal muscles. Data for the case report were generated by reviewing labour, delivery, and postpartal records. We present a 26 years old lady who suffered from a generalized form of myasthenia gravis since the age of 15. She got herself admitted to a neurologic clinic for a myasthenic crisis when she was two and half months pregnant. The patient was treated with anticholinesterase medication, corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin. Clinically, the patient's condition improved significantly during pregnancy. Delivery and the post delivery period were also normal for the patient. Myasthenia gravis especially when associated with pregnancy is a high-risk disease. As this disease predominantly occurs in women of reproductive age, it is important to be aware of this condition in obstetrics and its interdisciplinary diagnostic and therapeutic management is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rahman
- Dr Reefaat Rahman, Medical Officer, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbagh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Low WY, Ng KH, Kabir MA, Koh AP, Sinnasamy J. Trend and impact of international collaboration in clinical medicine papers published in Malaysia. Scientometrics 2014; 98:1521-1533. [PMID: 24465065 PMCID: PMC3897865 DOI: 10.1007/s11192-013-1121-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Research collaboration is the way forward in order to improve quality and impact of its research findings. International research collaboration has resulted in international co-authorship in scientific communications and publications. This study highlights the collaborating research and authorship trend in clinical medicine in Malaysia from 2001 to 2010. Malaysian-based author affiliation in the Web of Science (Science Citation Index Expanded) and clinical medicine journals (n = 999) and articles (n = 3951) as of 30th Oct 2011 were downloaded. Types of document analyzed were articles and reviews, and impact factors (IF) in the 2010 Journal Citation Report Science Edition were taken to access the quality of the articles. The number of publications in clinical medicine increased from 4.5 % (n = 178) in 2001 to 23.9 % (n = 944) in 2010. The top three contributors in the subject categories are Pharmacology and Pharmacy (13.9 %), General and Internal Medicine (13.6 %) and Tropical Medicine (7.3 %). By journal tier system: Tier 1 (18.7 %, n = 738), Tier 2 (22.5 %, n = 888), Tier 3 (29.6 %, n = 1170), Tier 4 (27.2 %, n = 1074), and journals without IF (2.1 %, n = 81). University of Malaya was the most productive. Local collaborators accounted for 60.3 % and international collaborations 39.7 %. Articles with international collaborations appeared in journals with higher journal IFs than those without international collaboration. They were also cited more significantly than articles without international collaborations. Citations, impact factor and journal tiers were significantly associated with international collaboration in Malaysia's clinical medicine publications. Malaysia has achieved a significant number of ISI publications in clinical medicine participation in international collaboration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wah Yun Low
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kwan Hoong Ng
- Department of Biomedical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M A Kabir
- Department of Applied Statistics, Faculty of Economics, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ai Peng Koh
- University of Malaya Library, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Abstract
The genetic divergence was assessed in 60 mango genotypes through D2- statistics and principal component analysis. The genotypes under study were grouped into eight clusters and the diversity was influenced by the morphological characters, not by the geographical distribution of the genotypes. The clustering pattern revealed that the genotypes collected from the same region did not fall in the single cluster. The maximum inter cluster distance was noticed between cluster II and cluster VIII, and the lowest between clusters VII and cluster VIII. From the cluster means, cluster I was high yielding and ranked first in terms of number of secondary branches per inflorescence, percent fruit set per inflorescence, and yield per plant. Cluster VIII had only one genotype which produced the highest percentage of flowering shoots, % perfect flowers, number of fruits per plant, and %TSS. The genotypes of cluster VII produced the biggest sized fruits. The first nine characters of the principal component axes with eigen values above unity accounted for 88.3% of the total variation among the fifteen characters. Weight of harvested fruits per plant (0.990 and 0.181), number of fruits per plant (0.101 and 0.607) and individual fruit weight (0.027 and 0.107) for both the vectors were positive across two axes indicating the important components of genetic divergence. The genotypes belonging to clusters I, VII and VIII with high to moderate genetic distances might be recommended for use in crossing programs to produce new recombinants with desired traits. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(2): 343-353, June 2013 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i2.15895
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Farzan MSA, Zerin I, Kabir MA, Pavel MSR, Hossain MS. Health Education Intervention on Hand Washing in a selected Primary School Children. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.3329/bjdre.v2i1.15571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjdre.v2i1.15571 Bangladesh Journal of Dental Research & Education Vol.2(1) 2012: 7-11
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Kamal SMM, Hassan CH, Kabir MA. Inequality of the use of skilled birth assistance among rural women in Bangladesh: facts and factors. Asia Pac J Public Health 2013; 27:NP1321-32. [PMID: 23572376 DOI: 10.1177/1010539513483823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the inequality of the use of skilled delivery assistance by the rural women of Bangladesh using the 2007 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey data. Simple cross-tabulation and univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were employed in the study. Overall, 56.1% of the women received at least one antenatal care visit, whereas only 13.2% births were assisted by skilled personnel. Findings revealed apparent inequality in using skilled delivery assistance by socioeconomic strata. Birth order, women's education, religion, wealth index, region and antenatal care are important determinants of seeking skilled assistance. To ensure safe motherhood initiative, government should pay special attention to reduce inequality in seeking skilled delivery assistance. A strong focus on community-based and regional interventions is important in order to increase the utilization of safe maternal health care services in rural Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Mostafa Kamal
- Visiting Research Fellow, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Department of Mathematics, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Che Hashim Hassan
- Unit for the Enhancement of Academic Performance, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M A Kabir
- Department of Applied Statistics, Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Department of Statistics Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Kabir MA, Goh KL, Khan MMH. Adolescent tobacco use and its determinants: evidence from Global Youth Tobacco Survey, Bangladesh 2007. Asia Pac J Public Health 2013; 27:NP1578-90. [PMID: 23359868 DOI: 10.1177/1010539512472357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Adolescent tobacco use (ATU) is on the rise worldwide and the problem is particularly severe in developing countries. Based on nationally representative data, this study aims to investigate the association between ATU and its possible correlates for Bangladesh, where the prevalence rate of ATU is high. The data set is extracted from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey for Bangladesh conducted in 2007. The survey collected information from a total of 3113 students from 52 schools, with a response rate of 100% at the school level, while a response rate of 88.9% was achieved from the students. Students covered in the survey were in grades 7, 8, 9, and 10, with age ranging from 11 to 17 years. The prevalence rate of ATU at the time of the survey was 8.4%, while 35.6% of the students had used at least a type of tobacco products before. Logistic regressions were used to obtain the odds ratios (ORs) in favor of ATU for each of the possible determinants and the confidence intervals (CIs) of these ratios. Use of tobacco among friends (OR = 3.46; CI = 2.37-5.05), the experience of seeing others smoking at home (OR = 2.10; CI = 1.36-3.22) or other places (OR = 1.6; CI = 1.02-2.57), receiving pocket money (OR = 7.6; CI = 4.59-13.28), receiving free tobacco from vendors (OR = 2.3; CI = 1.44-3.78), and exposure to advertisements and promotions of tobacco products (OR = 1.83; CI = 1.23-2.79) were associated with a higher likelihood of ATU. Increased awareness of health hazards of tobacco use through education in schools helped mitigate the problem of ATU. The findings of this study have ramifications for tobacco control prevention strategies in Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Kabir
- Department of Applied Statistics, Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kim-Leng Goh
- Department of Applied Statistics, Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M M H Khan
- Bielefeld University School of Public Health, Bielefeld, Germany
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Abstract
This article aimed to identify the determinants of tobacco consumption and illegal drug use (IDU) as well as to examine the association between these two variables using a representative sample of 3,771 Bangladeshi males aged 15 to 54 years. Data were collected through Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2007. To identify the determinants, the patterns of tobacco consumption and IDU were analyzed by age, education and occupation, residence, mass media, premarital sex, wealth, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Prevalence of smoking cigarette and bidi was roughly 60%. However, the prevalence of IDU was 3.4%, and this proportion is statistically significant (Z = 11.32, p = .000). After bivariate analysis, almost all variables except STIs were significantly associated with tobacco consumption. Similarly, all variables except residence and mass media were associated with IDU. Based on multivariable adjusted logistic regression analysis, the likelihood of using IDU was approximately twofold (odds ratio [OR] = 1.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.23-2.53) among bidi smokers and fourfold (OR = 3.8, 95% CI = 2.62-5.56) among cigarette smokers as compared with nonsmokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Kabir
- Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Kabir MA, Goh KL, Khan MMH, Al-Amin AQ, Azam MN. Safe delivery practices: experience from cross-sectional data of Bangladeshi women. Asia Pac J Public Health 2012; 27:NP1170-81. [PMID: 22426560 DOI: 10.1177/1010539512437401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the safe delivery practices of Bangladeshi women using data on 4905 ever-married women aged 15 to 49 years from the 2007 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey. Variables that included age, region of origin, education level of respondent and spouse, residence, working status, religion, involvement in NGOs, mass media exposure, and wealth index were analyzed to find correlates of safe delivery practices. More than 80% of the deliveries took place at home, and only 18% were under safe and hygienic conditions. The likelihood of safe deliveries was significantly lower among younger and older mothers than middle-aged mothers and higher among educated mothers and those living in urban areas. Economically better-off mothers and those with greater exposure to mass media had a significantly higher incidence of safe delivery practices. A significant association with religion and safe delivery practices was revealed. Demographic, socioeconomic, cultural, and programmatic factors that are strongly associated with safe delivery practices should be considered in the formulation of reproductive health policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Kabir
- Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Kim-Leng Goh
- Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M M H Khan
- Bielefeld University School of Public Health, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Abul Quasem Al-Amin
- Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Kabir MA, Ishaque SM, Ali MS, Mahmuduzzaman M, Hasan M. Role of Saccharomyces boulardii in diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome. Mymensingh Med J 2011; 20:397-401. [PMID: 21804501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Several studies with probiotics have shown promising results in the treatment of IBS. One of the probiotics used was saccharomyces boulardii. This is a randomized double blind placebo controlled clinical trial of S. boulardii in diarrhoea predominant IBS and was carried out in the hospital of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from June 2004 to July 2005. Thirty five (35) patients were included in each of the control and study groups. The study group was treated with S. boulardii 250 mg twice daily orally for one month. Patients were evaluated before therapy, at the end of therapy and 30 days after end of therapy by a scoring system which included symptoms as well as personal and professional life. No significant difference between the two groups was found in any of the parameters evaluated on any of the observation days. S. boulardii treatment for 30 days in diarrhoea predominant IBS patients did not result in any improvement in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Kabir
- Department of Gastroenterology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbagh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Lovell MR, Kabir MA, Menezes PL, Higgs CF. Influence of boric acid additive size on green lubricant performance. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2010; 368:4851-4868. [PMID: 20855323 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2010.0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
As the industrial community moves towards green manufacturing processes, there is an increased demand for multi-functional, environmentally friendly lubricants with enhanced tribological performance. In the present investigation, green (environmentally benign) lubricant combinations were prepared by homogeneously mixing nano- (20 nm), sub-micrometre- (600 nm average size) and micrometre-scale (4 μm average size) boric acid powder additives with canola oil in a vortex generator. As a basis for comparison, lubricants of base canola oil and canola oil mixed with MoS(2) powder (ranging from 0.5 to 10 μm) were also prepared. Friction and wear experiments were carried out on the prepared lubricants using a pin-on-disc apparatus under ambient conditions. Based on the experiments, the nanoscale (20 nm) particle boric acid additive lubricants significantly outperformed all of the other lubricants with respect to frictional and wear performance. In fact, the nanoscale boric acid powder-based lubricants exhibited a wear rate more than an order of magnitude lower than the MoS(2) and larger sized boric acid additive-based lubricants. It was also discovered that the oil mixed with a combination of sub-micrometre- and micrometre-scale boric acid powder additives exhibited better friction and wear performance than the canola oil mixed with sub-micrometre- or micrometre-scale boric acid additives alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Lovell
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA.
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Paik B, Saha SK, Masud H, Kabir MA, Roy PK, Hasan M. Effect of Ispaghula and Oxyphenonium Bromide on the Symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome - A Comparative Study. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical Univ J 2010. [DOI: 10.3329/bsmmuj.v3i1.5506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Abstract
AIMS This study examined the association of tobacco consumption (smoking and chewing) with illicit drug use among Bangladesh males. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey data from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2004 were used. SETTING Bangladesh. PARTICIPANTS A total of 4297 males aged 15-54 years. MEASUREMENTS Age, education, religion, marital status, place of residence; tobacco consumption such as cigarette and bidi smoking, chewing sada, pata, tobacco leaves, gul, betel quid with zarda; taking illicit drugs such as ganja, charas, heroin, pethedine, phensidyl; having sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). FINDINGS Overall prevalence of tobacco consumption was 59%. Bidi smoking (29.6%), cigarette smoking (27.8%) and chewing betel quid with tobacco/zarda (17.5%) were predominant. Overall prevalence of illicit drug use was 4%. Ganja was the main drug (3%), followed by phensidyl (0.8%), heroin (0.3%) and charas (0.3%). Age, education, place of residence, marital status, having STDs, premarital and extra-marital sex were associated significantly with tobacco smoking. Almost all variables were also associated significantly with illicit drug use. Smoking cigarettes and bidi and eating tobacco leaves/shada pata/gul showed significantly positive associations with illicit drug use when adjusted for other variables. CONCLUSIONS Tobacco consumption is common and associated positively with the illicit drug use among males in Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M H Khan
- Department of Public Health, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Japan.
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Abstract
In euthyroid sick syndrome [non-thyroidal illness (NTI)], a number of investigators have described TSH and serum thyroid hormone abnormalities, low T3, low T3 and T4, increased T4, low TSH, etc. Those cases of NTI where there is only T3 decrease [and normal serum T4, free T4 (FT4), and TSH levels] are specifically referred to as low T3 syndrome. However, the information in regard to low T3 syndrome in psychiatric subjects who are clinically euthyroid and do not have any other systemic illness is scanty. In our facility, since thyroid function is routinely assessed in psychiatric patients at admission, this provided the opportunity to study low T3 syndrome in a large group of psychiatric patients. Out of 250 subjects with major psychiatric depression, 6.4% exhibited low T3 syndrome (mean serum T3 concentration 0.94 nmol/l vs normal mean serum concentration of 1.77 nmol/l). The low T3 levels could not be ascribed to malnutrition or any other illness and the metabolic parameters were all normal. Possible mechanisms contributing to low T3 are discussed. The depression might constitute an illness having the same relation to low T3 as found in the low T3 syndrome previously described in euthyroid sick subjects. The present findings, besides describing low T3 syndrome in psychiatric patients without systemic illnesses, suggest the possibility of subgrouping in clinical psychiatric depression which may have a broader clinical significance.
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Kabir MA, Khanday FA, Mehta DV, Bhat PJ. Multiple copies of MRG19 suppress transcription of the GAL1 promoter in a GAL80-dependent manner in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Gen Genet 2000; 262:1113-22. [PMID: 10660072 DOI: 10.1007/pl00008654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A plasmid clone that suppresses galactose toxicity in a gal7 yeast strain has been isolated from a multicopy genomic DNA library. Molecular analysis revealed that the region responsible for the suppression of galactose toxicity corresponds to the ORF YPR030w, which was named MRG19. A CEN-based plasmid carrying the above ORF was unable to suppress the toxicity. Galactokinase activity was substantially reduced in cell extracts obtained from transformants bearing multiple copies of MRG19. Multiple copies of MRG19 were also able to suppress galactokinase expression driven by the CYC1 promoter but not the TEF1 promoter. Multiple copies of MRG19 could not suppress GAL1-driven galactokinase expression in a gal80 strain. However, MRG19-mediated suppression of CYC1-driven galactokinase expression was independent of GAL80 function. These results imply that multiple copies of MRG19 suppress galactokinase expression probably at the level of transcription. In agreement with this idea, multiple copies of MRG19 also suppress beta-galactosidase expression driven by the GAL1 promoter in a GAL80-dependent manner. Disruption of MRG19 leads to an increase in the cell density at stationary phase in synthetic complete medium. MRG19 encodes a previously uncharacterised 124-kDa protein that shows no sequence homology to any known proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Kabir
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Biotechnology Center, Indian Institute of Technology, Powai Mumbai
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Abstract
A case of hepatobiliary dysfunction as the initial manifestation of disseminated cryptococcosis is described. The patient was admitted with symptoms of hepatitis with cholestatic jaundice. Antibody tests for hepatitis B and C and human immunodeficiency virus were negative. The patient continued to deteriorate clinically. Eventually, the patient succumbed to hepatic failure. Autopsy disclosed systemic cryptococcosis that caused extensive necrosis of the liver. In review of the literature, only nine cases of cryptococcal infection presenting as hepatitis, cholangitis, and cholecystitis as initial manifestation were reported. Four of these patients had been subjected to exploratory laparotomy for clinical suspicion of acute abdomen. One patient developed cirrhosis as a result of cryptococcal hepatitis. Two patients succumbed to hepatic failure. Cryptococcosis is known to occur commonly in immunocompromised patients, yet only two reported cases presenting as hepatitis were associated with immunocompromised status.
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Affiliation(s)
- J I Lin
- Department of Laboratory Service and Gastroenterology, Veterans Affair Medical Center, Dayton, Ohio 45426, USA
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Abstract
Adult male rats were placed on a 3 week regimen of ethanol (as 20% of total calories) in a nutritionally adequate diet, and controls were matched equicalorically without ethanol. Serum measurements of T4, T3, FT4, rT3, and TSH were performed in both the fed and the fasted state (18 hours). In the fed state, serum hormone measurements did not differ between control and ethanol-treated rats. Overnight fasting had a significant effect in decreasing serum T3 level in both experimental and control rats and in decreasing serum T4 level in ethanol-treated animals; FT4 and rT3 levels were not affected. Fasting also decreased in vitro hepatic T4 to T3 production to an equivalent degree in control and ethanol-treated rats, but did not alter hepatic T4 to rT3 production rates in control animals. In the fed state, hepatic rT3 neogenesis in animals given ethanol declined relative to the levels observed in control fed rats; fasting restored the depressed rT3 neogenesis to the levels noted in the fed state. Because decreased rT3 production in ethanol-treated rats in the fed state could not be explained on the basis of a change in 5'-deiodinase activity, it is suggested that ethanol administered with a nutritionally adequate diet may inhibit hepatic rT3 generation by inhibiting T4(5)-deiodinase.
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Shank ML, Singh SP, Blivaiss BB, Kabir MA, Williams K, Premachandra BN. Ethanol inhibition of pituitary-thyroid axis: an effect secondary to nutritional deficiency. Endocr Res 1984; 10:139-50. [PMID: 6437803 DOI: 10.3109/07435808409035414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Ethanol as either 20% or 36% of total calories in a Lieber diet was administered to male rats. At these concentrations, ethanol consumption relative to body weight did not differ. Pair-fed controls were restricted to the amount of calories consumed by rats given ethanol. Under these conditions, a direct effect of ethanol on the hypothalamic-hypophyseal-thyroid axis could not be demonstrated. There were no differences between pair-fed control and ethanol treated rats in serum or pituitary TSH, TSH response to TRH, or T4 and T3 levels. On the other hand, in rats given ethanol as 36% of total calories ("36%" ethanol-treated), and in their pair-fed controls, a marked decrease in serum T4 levels occurred (25% and 30%), relative to the corresponding "20%" groups. The decreased T4 in the "36%" groups was associated with a pronounced fall in caloric intake, decreased serum TSH, and declines in adenohypophyseal and body weights -- all of which were of similar magnitude in experimental and control rats. Thus, inanition was probably the primary cause of reduced thyroid function in the "36%" groups. An interesting aspect of this change was the finding of no difference in serum T3 levels between pair-fed control and ethanol treated rats in the 36% and 20% groups despite the reduced T4 and caloric intake in 36% animals; the lack of decrease in T3 concentration in 36% animals may reflect augmented peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 or reduced T3 clearance.
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Iqbal MM, Kabir MA, Alan CB, Mamun MAA, Hossain MM. Seasonal status of white spot syndrome virus in broodstocks, nauplii and postlarvae of black tiger shrimp ( Penaeus monodon) in Bangladesh. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1970. [DOI: 10.3329/ijns.v1i3.8822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Seasonal variation of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) prevalence in broodstocks shrimp, nauplii and postlarvae were investigated from 2004 to 2006 in Bangladesh by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. There was consistent pattern of fluctuation of WSSV prevalence in broodstocks, nauplii and postlarvae. WSSV fluctuation pattern in three stages were more or less similar for each year. Average lowest prevalence in broodstock was 0% in September and highest was 90% in May-June during the monsoon season in Bangladesh. The WSSV fluctuation patterns for nauplius correlated with broodstock patterns with average lowest prevalence of 0% in September compared to the highest of 40% in July. Similarly, average lowest prevalence of WSSV in postlarvae was 0% in December and highest was 14% in July. It was evident from this study that WSSV prevalence in broodstock, nauplius and postlarvae remained high during the monsoon season and low during the winter season when the water current, salinity and tidal flashing remained more or less stable in the Bay of Bengal in Bangladesh. Key words: Bangladesh; broodstocks; nauplii; postlarvae; seasonal; shrimp; WSSV. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijns.v1i3.8822 International Journal of Natural Sciences (2011), 1(3):56-61
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