1
|
Park JH, Kwag E, Jeong MK, Park SJ, Lee S, Yoo HS. Genome-wide Analysis Identified SEMA4D, Novel Candidate Gene for Temperature Sensitivity in Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Integr Cancer Ther 2024; 23:15347354241233544. [PMID: 38469817 PMCID: PMC10935759 DOI: 10.1177/15347354241233544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the era of precision medicine, individual temperature sensitivity has been highlighted. This trait has traditionally been used for cold-heat pattern identification to understand the inherent physical characteristics, which are influenced by genetic factors, of an individual. However, genome-wide association studies (GWASs) on this trait are limited. METHODS Using genotype data from 90 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and epidermal growth factor receptor mutations, we performed a GWAS to assess the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and temperature sensitivity, such as cold and heat scores. The score of each participant was evaluated using self-administered questionnaires on common symptoms and a 15-item symptom-based cold-heat pattern identification questionnaire. RESULTS The GWAS was adjusted for confounding factors, including age and sex, and significant associations were identified for cold and heat scores: SNP rs145814326, located on the intron of SORCS2 at chromosome 4p16.1, had a P-value of 1.86 × 10-7; and SNP rs79297667, located upstream from SEMA4D at chromosome 9q22.2, had a P-value of 8.97 × 10-8. We also found that the genetic variant regulates the expression level of SEMA4D in the main tissues, including the lungs and white blood cells, in NSCLC. CONCLUSIONS SEMA4D was found to be significantly associated with temperature sensitivity in patients with NSCLC, suggesting an increased expression of SEMA4D in patients with higher heat scores. The potential role of temperature sensitivity as a prognostic or predictive marker of immune response in NSCLC should be further studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hyang Park
- Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunbin Kwag
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - Mi-Kyung Jeong
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Jung Park
- Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghun Lee
- Department of Bioconvergence & Engineering, Graduate School, Dankook University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Seung Yoo
- Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang SY, Yi JM, Chun J, Park S, Bui TT, Yun HY, Chae JW, Jeong MK. Evaluation of the potential herb-drug interaction between Bojungikki-tang and PD-L1 immunotherapy in a syngeneic mouse model. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1181263. [PMID: 37274110 PMCID: PMC10232755 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1181263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Atezolizumab (a PD-L1 inhibitor) has shown remarkable efficacy and tolerability in various cancer types. Despite its efficacy and safety, atezolizumab monotherapy has limitations, such as acquired resistance and adverse events. Bojungikki-tang (BJIKT) is an herbal decoction widely prescribed in Asian countries and used to treat cancer-related symptoms including fatigue, appetite loss, gastrointestinal disorders, and other side effects from cancer therapy. Due to its immunomodulatory effects, Bojungikki-tang has been investigated as a combined treatment with anticancer agents. We evaluated the potential drug-drug interaction (DDI) between Bojungikki-tang and the anti-PD-L1 antibody based on the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines. In the study, we conducted an in vivo drug-drug interaction study using a syngeneic mouse model of CMT-167 in C57BL/6. We then determined the antibody concentrations to evaluate the pharmacokinetic (PK) drug-drug interaction and measured variable biomarkers related to therapeutic efficacy and immune response. The pharmacodynamic (PD) drug-drug interaction study investigated changes in response between anti-PD-L1 antibody monotherapy and combination therapy. Using the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data, we conducted a statistical analysis to assess drug-drug interaction potential. In the presence of Bojungikki-tang, the pharmacokinetic characteristics of the anti-PD-L1 antibody were not changed. This study suggested that combination treatment with Bojungikki-tang and atezolizumab is a safe treatment option for non-small cell lung cancer. Clinical studies are warranted to confirm this finding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Yoon Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Mu Yi
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaemoo Chun
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongwon Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tham Thi Bui
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwi-Yeol Yun
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Chae
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Jeong
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ko MM, Jeong MK, Choi CM, Lee SH, Chun J, Yi JM, Jang H, Lee SY. Safety and Efficacy of Bojungikki-Tang in Advanced NSCLC Patients Receiving Treatment with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Protocol for a Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:4507. [PMID: 36901517 PMCID: PMC10002386 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is a major treatment option for several types of cancer, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The proposed study aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of Bojungikki-tang (BJIKT) therapy (an herbal medicine) in patients with advanced NSCLC treated with ICIs. This multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study will be performed at three academic hospitals. Thirty patients with advanced NSCLC, undergoing atezolizumab monotherapy as second- and subsequent-line treatment, will be recruited and randomly assigned to either BJIKT treatment (atezolizumab + BJIKT) or placebo (atezolizumab + placebo). The primary and secondary outcomes are the incidence of adverse events (AEs), including immune- related AEs (irAEs) and non-immune-related AEs (non-irAEs); and early termination rate, withdrawal period, symptom improvement of fatigue, and skeletal muscle loss, respectively. The exploratory outcomes are patient objective response rate and immune profile. This is an ongoing trial. Recruitment started on 25 March 2022 and is expected to be completed by 30 June 2023. This study will provide basic evidence for the safety profiles, including irAEs, of herbal medicine in patients with advanced NSCLC treated with ICIs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi Mi Ko
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Jeong
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Min Choi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyeun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaemoo Chun
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Mu Yi
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jang
- KM Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Yong Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chun J, Park SM, Yi JM, Ha IJ, Kang HN, Jeong MK. Bojungikki-Tang Improves Response to PD-L1 Immunotherapy by Regulating the Tumor Microenvironment in MC38 Tumor-Bearing Mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:901563. [PMID: 35873573 PMCID: PMC9300825 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.901563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockage targeting PD-L1 has led to breakthroughs in cancer treatment. Although anti-PD-L1-based immunotherapy has been approved as standard therapy in various cancer types, its therapeutic efficacy in most colorectal cancers (CRC) is still limited due to the low response to immunotherapy. Therefore, combining treatment with herbal medicines could be an alternative approach for treating CRC to overcome this limitation. Bojungikki-Tang (BJIKT), a herbal formula used in traditional Chinese medicine, clinically improves the quality of life for cancer patients and has been associated with antitumor and immune-modulating activities. However, the regulatory effect of BJIKT on the immune response in the tumor microenvironment remains largely uninvestigated. In this study, we verified the inhibitory effect of BJIKT on tumor growth and investigated the regulatory effect of combination therapy with BJIKT and anti-PD-L1 on antitumor immune responses in an MC38 CRC-bearing C57BL/6 mouse model. Immune profiling analysis by flow cytometry was used to characterize the exact cell types contributing to anticancer activities. Combination treatment with BJIKT and anti-PD-L1 therapy significantly suppressed tumor growth in MC38-bearing mice and increased the proportion of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells in tumor tissues. Furthermore, BJIKT suppressed the population of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, suggesting that this combination treatment effectively regulates the immunological function of T-cells by improving the tumor microenvironment. The herbal formula BJIKT can be a novel therapeutic option for improving anti-PD-L1-based immunotherapy in patients with CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaemoo Chun
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sang-Min Park
- KM Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea.,College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jin-Mu Yi
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - In Jin Ha
- Korean Medicine Clinical Trial Center (K-CTC), Korean Medicine Hospital, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Han Na Kang
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Jeong
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Baral SK, Biswas P, Kaium MA, Islam MA, Dey D, Saber MA, Rahaman TI, M A, Emran TB, Hasan MN, Jeong MK, Han I, Rahman MA, Kim B. A Comprehensive Discussion in Vaginal Cancer Based on Mechanisms, Treatments, Risk Factors and Prevention. Front Oncol 2022; 12:883805. [PMID: 35924174 PMCID: PMC9341270 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.883805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaginal cancer is a rare and uncommon disease that is rarely discussed. Although vaginal cancer traditionally occurs in older postmenopausal women, the incidence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced cancers is increasing in younger women. Cervical cancer cells contain high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) E6 and E7 proteins and inhibiting HPV gene expression leads the cells to stop proliferating and enter senescence. As E6, and E7 protein promoted the carcinogenesis mechanism, and here not only regulate the cellular degradation of P53, and pRb but also enhances the cell proliferation along with E6 protein targets the p53 for breakdown and subsequently promote the apoptotic cell death, and DNA repair inhibition, that is indispensable to the continue the lifecycle of the HPV. As a synchronous or metachronous tumor, vaginal cancer is frequently found in combination with cervical cancer. It is uncertain what causes invasive female vaginal organ cancer. HPV type 16 is the most often isolated HPV type in female vaginal organ cancers. Due to cancer’s rarity, case studies have provided the majority of etiologic findings. Many findings demonstrate that ring pessaries, chronic vaginitis, sexual behavior, birth trauma, obesity, vaginal chemical exposure, and viruses are all risk factors. Because of insufficient understanding and disease findings, we are trying to find the disease’s mechanism with the available data. We also address different risk factors, therapy at various stages, diagnosis, and management of vaginal cancer in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Partha Biswas
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology (JUST), Jashore, Bangladesh
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abu Kaium
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology (JUST), Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Aminul Islam
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology (JUST), Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Dipta Dey
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology department, Life Science faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalgonj, Bangladesh
| | - Md Al Saber
- Biotechnology, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tanjim Ishraq Rahaman
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | - A. M
- Department of Microbiology, Chittagong University, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, Begum Gulchemonara (BGC) Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Nazmul Hasan
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Mi-Kyung Jeong
- Korean Medicine (KM) Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ihn Han
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Md. Ataur Rahman
- Global Biotechnology & Biomedical Research Network (GBBRN), Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Md. Ataur Rahman, ; Bonglee Kim,
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Md. Ataur Rahman, ; Bonglee Kim,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mathpal S, Sharma P, Joshi T, Pande V, Mahmud S, Jeong MK, Obaidullah AJ, Chandra S, Kim B. Identification of Zinc-Binding Inhibitors of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 to Prevent Cancer Through Deep Learning and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Approach. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:857430. [PMID: 35463960 PMCID: PMC9024349 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.857430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The overexpression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is associated with tumor development and angiogenesis, and hence, it has been considered an attractive drug target for anticancer therapy. To assist in drug design endeavors for MMP-9 targets, an in silico study was presented to investigate whether our compounds inhibit MMP-9 by binding to the catalytic domain, similar to their inhibitor or not. For that, in the initial stage, a deep-learning algorithm was used for the predictive modeling of the CHEMBL321 dataset of MMP-9 inhibitors. Several regression models were built and evaluated based on R2, MAE MSE, RMSE, and Loss. The best model was utilized to screen the drug bank database containing 9,102 compounds to seek novel compounds as MMP-9 inhibitors. Then top high score compounds were selected for molecular docking based on the comparison between the score of the reference molecule. Furthermore, molecules having the highest docking scores were selected, and interaction mechanisms with respect to S1 pocket and catalytic zinc ion of these compounds were also discussed. Those compounds, involving binding to the catalytic zinc ion and the S1 pocket of MMP-9, were considered preferentially for molecular dynamics studies (100 ns) and an MM-PBSA (last 30 ns) analysis. Based on the results, we proposed several novel compounds as potential candidates for MMP-9 inhibition and investigated their binding properties with MMP-9. The findings suggested that these compounds may be useful in the design and development of MMP-9 inhibitors in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Mathpal
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University Uttarakhand, Bhimtal, India
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- Department of Botany, DSB, Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, India
| | - Tushar Joshi
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University Uttarakhand, Bhimtal, India
| | - Veena Pande
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University Uttarakhand, Bhimtal, India
| | - Shafi Mahmud
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
- Department of Genome Science, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Mi-Kyung Jeong
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ahmad J. Obaidullah
- Drug Exploration and Development Chair (DEDC), Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Subhash Chandra
- Computational Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Soban Singh Jeena University, Almora, India
- *Correspondence: Subhash Chandra, ; Bonglee Kim,
| | - Bonglee Kim
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Subhash Chandra, ; Bonglee Kim,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and Korea is no
exception. Humanity has been fighting cancer for many years, and as a result, we
now have effective treatments such as chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery.
However, there are other issues that we are only now beginning to address, such
as cancer patients’ quality of life. Moreover, numerous studies show that
addressing these issues holistically is critical for overall cancer treatment
and survival rates. This paper describes how Korea is attempting to reduce
cancer incidence and recurrence rates while also managing the quality of life of
cancer patients. Integrative Oncology is the field that addresses these broad
issues, and understanding the current state of integrative oncology in Korea is
critical. The goal of this paper is to provide an overview of the current state
of integrative oncology in Korea as well as to look ahead to future
developments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Bin Kwag
- Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Dam Kim
- Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Park
- Seoul Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Jung Park
- Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Jeong
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Seung Yoo
- Seoul Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Choi Y, Kwon O, Choi CM, Jeong MK. A Pilot Study of Whether the Cold-Heat Syndrome Type is Associated with Treatment Response and Immune Status in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2021; 2021:9920469. [PMID: 34239594 PMCID: PMC8241512 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9920469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The cold-heat syndrome type (ZHENG) is one of the essential elements of syndrome differentiation in East Asian Medicine. This pilot study aimed to explore the characteristics of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) based on the cold-heat syndrome type. Twenty NSCLC patients treated with ICI monotherapy were included in the study and completed the cold-heat syndrome differentiation questionnaire. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the included patients were obtained through electronic medical records. Additionally, blood samples of 10 patients were analyzed with cytokine level and immune profiling. Patients were divided into two groups of cold type (n = 9) and non-cold type (n = 11), according to the cold symptoms questionnaire's cutoff point. No significant difference between the two groups was observed in clinical response to ICIs (p=0.668). Progression-free survival (PFS) seemed to be longer in patients with non-cold type than cold type (p=0.332). In patients with adenocarcinoma, the non-cold type showed longer PFS than the cold type (p=0.036). Also, there were more patients with PD-L1 negative in the cold type compared to the non-cold type (p=0.050). In immune profiling, the proportion of effector memory CD8 T-cells was higher in patients with cold type than with non-cold type (p=0.015), and the proportion of terminal effector CD8 T-cells was lower in patients with cold type than with non-cold type (p=0.005). This pilot study has shown the potential for differences in prognosis and immune status between patients with cold and non-cold types. Hopefully, it provides essential information and insight into NSCLC patients' characteristics from the perspective of syndrome differentiation. Further large-scale observational studies and intervention studies are required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Choi
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Ojin Kwon
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Min Choi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Jeong
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kang HJ, Jeong MK, Park SJ, Jun HJ, Yoo HS. Efficacy and safety of Yukgunja-Tang for treating anorexia in patients with cancer: The protocol for a pilot, randomized, controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16950. [PMID: 31577697 PMCID: PMC6783206 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anorexia is a common cause of malnutrition and is associated with negative effects on the quality of life (QOL) for patients with cancer. Management of appetite is the key to improving both the QOL and the prognosis for such patients. Yukgunja-tang (YGJT) is a traditional herbal medicine extensively prescribed in Korea as a remedy for various gastrointestinal syndromes. Currently, no standardized herbal medicine treatment exists for patients with cancer who are suffering from anorexia after surgery, chemotherapy, and/or radiotherapy. For that reason, this study aims to examine the efficacy and the safety of using YGJT to treat anorexia in such patients and to establish whether or not YGJT can be recommended as the primary therapy. METHODS We will enroll 52 cancer patients diagnosed with anorexia. The enrolled participants will be randomly allocated to 2 groups: The control group will receive nutrition counseling, and the YGJT group will receive nutrition counseling and be administered YGJT at a dose of 3 g twice a day for 4 weeks (a total of 56 doses of 3.0 g per dose). The primary outcome of this study is the change in the score on the anorexia/cachexia subscale (A/CS) of the Functional Assessment of Anorexia/Cachexia Therapy (FAACT). The secondary outcomes are the changes in the FAACT score with the A/CS score excluded, the score on the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for appetite, the weight and the body mass index (BMI), and laboratory tests for compounds such as leptin, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), ghrelin, and IL-6. All variables related to the safety assessment, such as vital signs, electrocardiography results, laboratory test results (CBC, chemistry, urine test), and adverse events, will be documented on the case report form (CRF) at every visit. CONCLUSION This study is the first randomized controlled trial to investigate the efficacy and the safety of using YGJT for treating patients with cancer-related anorexia in Korea. We designed this study based on previous research about YGJT. This study will serve as a pilot and provide data for planning further clinical trials on herbal medicine and cancer-related anorexia. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS), Republic of Korea, ID: KCT0002847. Registered retrospectively on 3 April 2018.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hwi-Joong Kang
- East-West Cancer Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University
| | - Mi-Kyung Jeong
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - So-Jung Park
- East-West Cancer Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University
| | - Hyeong-Joon Jun
- East-West Cancer Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University
| | - Hwa-Seung Yoo
- East-West Cancer Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jeong MK, Yoo HS, Kang IC. The Extract of Cordyceps Militaris Inhibited the Proliferation of Cisplatin-Resistant A549 Lung Cancer Cells by Downregulation of H-Ras. J Med Food 2019; 22:823-832. [PMID: 31313945 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2018.4232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the antitumor effect of Cordyceps militaris extract (CME) on A549 cisplatin-resistant (CR) lung cancer cells. The proliferation of A549/CR cells was suppressed by CME. Apoptosis of the cells was induced by CME. The cell cycle arrest was observed in the sub-G1 phase in the cells treated with CME. Proteomic profile analysis showed that H-Ras was downregulated in CME-treated cells and it was confirmed by western blot analysis. Collectively, these data demonstrated that CME is an alternative treatment for the anticancer effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Kyung Jeong
- 1East-West Cancer Center, Dunsan Oriental Medical Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hwa-Seung Yoo
- 1East-West Cancer Center, Dunsan Oriental Medical Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - In-Cheol Kang
- 2Department of Biological Science, College of Life and Health Sciences, Asan, Korea.,3BioChip Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan, Korea.,4Innopharmascreen, Inc., Incheon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang (BZYQT) is an herbal drug that is widely used to treat various diseases, including gastrointestinal diseases, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis (AD) in East Asian countries. BZYQT has been shown to have anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory properties in experimental studies, and there is substantial clinical evidence of its effect on AD. This review will systematically assess the evidence of BZYQT for the treatment of AD. METHODS/DESIGN Eleven databases will be searched from their inception without language restriction. Randomized controlled trials that examined BZYQT or modified BZYQT for AD will be included. The selection of the studies, data abstraction, and validations will be performed independently by 2 researchers. The methodological qualities of the randomized controlled trials will be assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool for assessing the risk of bias. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and will also be disseminated electronically or in print. It will be useful to inform and guide healthcare practitioners. TRIAL REGISTER NUMBER CRD42018105173.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Young-Eun Kim
- Future Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Anna Kim
- Future Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ginseng Rh2+ is enzyme-treated ginseng extract containing high amounts of converted ginsenosides, such as compound k, Rh2, Rg3, which have potent anticancer activity. We conducted general and genetic toxicity tests to evaluate the safety of ginseng Rh2+. METHODS An acute oral toxicity test was performed at a high-level dose of 4,000 mg/kg/day in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. A 14-day range-finding study was also conducted to set dose levels for the 90-day study. A subchronic 90-day toxicity study was performed at dose levels of 1,000 and 2,000 mg/kg/day to investigate the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of ginseng Rh2+ and target organs. To identify the mutagenic potential of ginseng Rh2+, we conducted a bacterial reverse mutation test (Ames test) using amino-acid-requiring strains of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli (E. coli), a chromosome aberration test with Chinese hamster lung (CHL) cells, and an in vivo micronucleus test using ICR mice bone marrow as recommended by the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. RESULTS According to the results of the acute oral toxicity study, the approximate lethal dose (ALD) of ginseng Rh2+ was estimated to be higher than 4,000 mg/kg. For the 90-day study, no toxicological effect of ginseng Rh2+ was observed in body-weight changes, food consumption, clinical signs, organ weights, histopathology, ophthalmology, and clinical pathology. The NOAEL of ginseng Rh2+ was established to be 2,000 mg/kg/day, and no target organ was found in this test. In addition, no evidence of mutagenicity was found either on the in vitro genotoxicity tests, including the Ames test and the chromosome aberration test, or on the in vivo in mice bone marrow micronucleus test. CONCLUSION On the basis of our findings, ginseng Rh2+ is a non-toxic material with no genotoxicity. We expect that ginseng Rh2+ may be used as a novel adjuvant anticancer agent that is safe for long-term administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Kyung Jeong
- East West Cancer Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chong-Kwan Cho
- East West Cancer Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hwa-Seung Yoo
- East West Cancer Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jeong MK, Hwang C, Nam H, Cho YS, Kang BY, Cho EC. Effect of the gel elasticity of model skin matrices on the distance/depth-dependent transmission of vibration energy supplied from a cosmetic vibrator. Int J Cosmet Sci 2016; 39:42-48. [PMID: 27264842 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine how the energies supplied from a cosmetic vibrator are deeply or far transferred into organs and tissues, and how these depths or distances are influenced by tissue elasticity. METHODS External vibration energy was applied to model skin surfaces through a facial cleansing vibrator, and we measured a distance- and depth-dependent energy that was transferred to model skin matrices. As model skin matrices, we synthesized hard and soft poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) gels, as well as hydrogels with a modulus of 2.63 MPa, 0.33 MPa and 21 kPa, respectively, mostly representing those of skin and other organs. The transfer of vibration energy was measured either by increasing the separation distances or by increasing the depth from the vibrator. RESULTS The energies were transmitted deeper into the hard PDMS than into the soft PDMS and hydrogel matrices. This finding implies that the vibration forces influence a larger area of the gel matrices when the gels are more elastic (or rigid). There were no appreciable differences between the soft PDMS and hydrogel matrices. However, the absorbed energies were more concentrated in the area closest to the vibrator with decreasing elasticity of the matrix. Softer materials absorbed most of the supplied energy around the point of the vibrator. In contrast, harder materials scattered the external energy over a broad area. CONCLUSIONS The current results are the first report in estimating how the external energy is deeply or distantly transferred into a model skins depending on the elastic moduli of the models skins. In doing so, the results would be potentially useful in predicting the health of cells, tissues and organs exposed to various stimuli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M K Jeong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - C Hwang
- Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yonggu-daero, Yongin, 446-729, South Korea
| | - H Nam
- Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yonggu-daero, Yongin, 446-729, South Korea
| | - Y S Cho
- Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yonggu-daero, Yongin, 446-729, South Korea
| | - B Y Kang
- Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yonggu-daero, Yongin, 446-729, South Korea
| | - E C Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lee CH, Jeong MK, Kilicaslan MF, Lee JH, Hong HS, Hong SJ. Recovery of indium from used LCD panel by a time efficient and environmentally sound method assisted HEBM. Waste Manag 2013; 33:730-734. [PMID: 23177569 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2012.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Revised: 09/23/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a method which is environmentally sound, time and energy efficient has been used for recovery of indium from used liquid crystal display (LCD) panels. In this method, indium tin oxide (ITO) glass was crushed to micron size particles in seconds via high energy ball milling (HEBM). The parameters affecting the amount of dissolved indium such as milling time, particle size, effect time of acid solution, amount of HCl in the acid solution were tried to be optimized. The results show that by crushing ITO glass to micron size particles by HEBM, it is possible to extract higher amount of indium at room temperature than that by conventional methods using only conventional shredding machines. In this study, 86% of indium which exists in raw materials was recovered about in a very short time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheol-Hee Lee
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering & Institute for Rare Metals, Kongju National University, Cheonan 331-717, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lee JJ, Jeong MK, Im JH, BenAim R, Lee SH, Oh JE, Woo HJ, Kim CW. Enhancing flexible fiber filter (3FM) performance using in-line coagulation. Water Sci Technol 2006; 53:59-66. [PMID: 16752765 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2006.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
A new packing for deep bed filtration using Flexible Fibers has been proposed and developed on a very large scale for tertiary treatment of wastewater. The purpose of this study is to check the possibility of using this technology for the production of drinking water from surface water. In this study, the feasibility of the fiber filter application on water treatment was examined and the removal efficiency of fiber filter was improved using an in-line coagulant injection method. The experiments were carried out at pilot scale. The filter was packed with bundles of polyamide fibers with a bed porosity of 93%. Nak-dong River was used as the filter influent water and alum, PSOM, and PAC were used as the coagulants. The coagulants were injected by the in-line injection method. Small dosages (1-5 mg/L) of the polymeric coagulants (PSOM and PAC) showed an increase of removal efficiency compared to the operation without coagulants. Specifically, 1 mg/L of PAC showed the longest filtration time. Considering filtration time, filtrate quality, and filtered volume, the filtration velocity of 120 m/hr was chosen as an optimum value. For long-term operations, the effluent quality was 0.4 NTU and the removal efficiency was stable for the given optimum conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J J Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jeong MK. A Fourier transform-based sidelobe reduction method in ultrasound imaging. IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control 2000; 47:759-763. [PMID: 18238606 DOI: 10.1109/58.842066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Focusing is widely used to increase the resolution in medical ultrasound imaging systems. Focusing increases signal levels returning from the mainlobe direction and decreases those from sidelobe directions. The sidelobes, when not completely cancelled, deteriorate the resulting image resolution. This paper proposes a method of improving the resolution by scaling the received signal according to the ratio between the mainlobe and the sidelobe levels computed in the frequency domain by the use of Fourier transform. The proposed method is verified by computer simulation and experiment and is shown to be highly effective in narrowing the mainlobe width and decreasing the sidelobe levels at the same time.
Collapse
|
17
|
Bae MH, Jeong MK. A study of synthetic-aperture imaging with virtual source elements in B-mode ultrasound imaging systems. IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control 2000; 47:1510-9. [PMID: 18238697 DOI: 10.1109/58.883540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We propose an all point transmit and receive focusing method based on transmit synthetic focusing combined with receive dynamic focusing in a linear array transducer. In the method, on transmit, a virtual source element is assumed to be located at the transmit focal depth of conventional B-mode imaging systems, and transmit synthetic focusing is used in two half planes, one before and the other after the transmit focal depth, using the RF data of each scanline, together with all other relevant RF scanline data previously stored. The proposed new method uses the same data acquisition scheme as the conventional focusing method while maintaining the same frame rate via high-speed signal processing, but it is not suitable for imaging moving objects. It improves upon the lateral resolution and sidelobe level at all imaging depths. Also, it increases the transmit power and image signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), due to transmit field synthesis, and extends the image penetration depth as well. Evaluations with simulation and experimental data show much improvement in resolution and SNR at all imaging depths.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M H Bae
- Medison Co., Seoul, South Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
It is known that the transmit pulse waveforms of a limited-diffraction beam in a linear array transducer should be varied according to transducer element location, dictating the use of sophisticated hardware. In order to overcome this disadvantage while achieving the same field response, we propose a method of synthesizing limited-diffraction beams by combined signal processing of pulsed plane waves propagating in distinct directions over several consecutive insonification time intervals. The method is capable of achieving both higher transmit power and better lateral resolution over a larger depth of field. Although its field response is not uniform throughout the imaging points, this is not a major problem since the response is quite uniform within a region of interest. The proposed method requires the use of multiple insonifications for transmit focusing, and, therefore, can be applied in imaging slowly-moving or still objects. Both simulation and experimental results corroborate its superiority in terms of the lateral resolution at all imaging depths.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M K Jeong
- Department of Electronic and Telecommunication Engineering, Daejin University Pochun, Kyunggi, Korea. .
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|