1
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Del Nogal Avila M, Das R, Kharlyngdoh J, Molina-Jijon E, Donoro Blazquez H, Gambut S, Crowley M, Crossman DK, Gbadegesin RA, Chugh SS, Chugh SS, Avila-Casado C, Macé C, Clement LC, Chugh SS. Cytokine storm-based mechanisms for extrapulmonary manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e166012. [PMID: 37040185 PMCID: PMC10322692 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.166012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral illnesses like SARS-CoV-2 have pathologic effects on nonrespiratory organs in the absence of direct viral infection. We injected mice with cocktails of rodent equivalents of human cytokine storms resulting from SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 or rhinovirus common cold infection. At low doses, COVID-19 cocktails induced glomerular injury and albuminuria in zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2 (Zhx2) hypomorph and Zhx2+/+ mice to mimic COVID-19-related proteinuria. Common Cold cocktail induced albuminuria selectively in Zhx2 hypomorph mice to model relapse of minimal change disease, which improved after depletion of TNF-α, soluble IL-4Rα, or IL-6. The Zhx2 hypomorph state increased cell membrane to nuclear migration of podocyte ZHX proteins in vivo (both cocktails) and lowered phosphorylated STAT6 activation (COVID-19 cocktail) in vitro. At higher doses, COVID-19 cocktails induced acute heart injury, myocarditis, pericarditis, acute liver injury, acute kidney injury, and high mortality in Zhx2+/+ mice, whereas Zhx2 hypomorph mice were relatively protected, due in part to early, asynchronous activation of STAT5 and STAT6 pathways in these organs. Dual depletion of cytokine combinations of TNF-α with IL-2, IL-13, or IL-4 in Zhx2+/+ mice reduced multiorgan injury and eliminated mortality. Using genome sequencing and CRISPR/Cas9, an insertion upstream of ZHX2 was identified as a cause of the human ZHX2 hypomorph state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Del Nogal Avila
- Glomerular Disease Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ranjan Das
- Glomerular Disease Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Joubert Kharlyngdoh
- Glomerular Disease Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Eduardo Molina-Jijon
- Glomerular Disease Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Hector Donoro Blazquez
- Glomerular Disease Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Stéphanie Gambut
- Glomerular Disease Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael Crowley
- Genomics Core Lab, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - David K. Crossman
- Genomics Core Lab, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Rasheed A. Gbadegesin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sunveer S. Chugh
- Glomerular Disease Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sunjeet S. Chugh
- Glomerular Disease Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Carmen Avila-Casado
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Camille Macé
- Glomerular Disease Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lionel C. Clement
- Glomerular Disease Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sumant S. Chugh
- Glomerular Disease Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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2
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Filippova N, Grimes JM, Leavenworth JW, Namkoong D, Yang X, King PH, Crowley M, Crossman DK, Nabors LB. Targeting the TREM1-positive myeloid microenvironment in glioblastoma. Neurooncol Adv 2022; 4:vdac149. [PMID: 36249290 PMCID: PMC9555298 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdac149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor cellular and molecular heterogeneity is a hallmark of glioblastoma and underlies treatment resistance and recurrence. This manuscript investigated the myeloid-derived microenvironment as a driver of glioblastoma heterogeneity and provided a pharmacological pathway for its suppression. Methods Transcriptomic signatures of glioblastoma infiltrated myeloid-derived cells were assessed using R2: genomic platform, Ivy Glioblastoma Spatial Atlas, and single-cell RNA-seq data of primary and recurrent glioblastomas. Myeloid-derived cell prints were evaluated in five PDX cell lines using RNA-seq data. Two immunocompetent mouse glioblastoma models were utilized to isolate and characterize tumor-infiltrated myeloid-derived cells and glioblastoma/host cell hybrids. The ability of an inhibitor of HuR dimerization SRI42127 to suppress TREM1+-microenvironment and glioblastoma/myeloid-derived cell interaction was assessed in vivo and in vitro. Results TREM1+-microenvironment is enriched in glioblastoma peri-necrotic zones. TREM1 appearance is enhanced with tumor grade and associated with poor patient outcomes. We confirmed an expression of a variety of myeloid-derived cell markers, including TREM1, in PDX cell lines. In mouse glioblastoma models, we demonstrated a reduction in the TREM1+-microenvironment and glioblastoma/host cell fusion after treatment with SRI42127. In vitro assays confirmed inhibition of cell fusion events and reduction of myeloid-derived cell migration towards glioblastoma cells by SRI42127 and TREM1 decoy peptide (LP17) versus control treatments. Conclusions TREM1+-myeloid-derived microenvironment promulgates glioblastoma heterogeneity and is a therapeutic target. Pharmacological inhibition of HuR dimerization leads to suppression of the TREM1+-myeloid-derived microenvironment and the neoplastic/non-neoplastic fusogenic cell network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Filippova
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuro-oncology, UAB, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Grimes
- Department of Neurosurgery, Program of Immunology, UAB, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | | | - David Namkoong
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuro-oncology, UAB, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Xiuhua Yang
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuro-oncology, UAB, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Peter H King
- Department of Neurology, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Michael Crowley
- Department of Genetics, Heflin Center Genomics Core, UAB, Birmingham, Alabama, USA (M.C., D.K.C.)
| | - David K Crossman
- Department of Genetics, Heflin Center Genomics Core, UAB, Birmingham, Alabama, USA (M.C., D.K.C.)
| | - L Burt Nabors
- Corresponding Author: L. Burt Nabors, MD, Division Neuro-oncology, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, FOT 1020, 510 20th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA ()
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3
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Belda F, Mora O, Lopez Martinez M, Torres N, Vivanco A, Christie R, Crowley M. Seroconversion panels demonstrate anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody development after administration of the mRNA-1273 vaccine. Vaccine 2022; 40:2993-2998. [PMID: 35443917 PMCID: PMC8989688 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Seroconversion panels are an important tool for investigating antibody responses in acute and chronic phases of disease and development of serological assays for viral diseases including COVID-19. Globally it is anticipated that vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 will facilitate control of the current pandemic. The two COVID-19 seroconversion panels analyzed in this study were obtained from healthcare workers with samples collected before vaccination with the mRNA-1273 vaccine (Moderna) and after the first and second doses of the vaccine. Panel samples were tested for antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 (IgG). Individual subjects with a positive response for anti-SARS-CoV2 IgG in their pre-vaccination samples showed a significantly enhanced response to the first vaccination. In older subjects, lower immunological responses to the first injection were observed, which were overcome by the second injection. All subjects in the study were positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG after the second dose of vaccine.
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4
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Crowley M, Dando M. Central nervous system weapons dealt a blow. Science 2022; 375:153-154. [PMID: 35025657 DOI: 10.1126/science.abn6132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Crowley
- Section of Peace Studies and International Development, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Malcolm Dando
- Section of Peace Studies and International Development, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire BD7 1DP, UK
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5
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Swan D, Enright H, Desmond R, Le G, El Hassadi E, Hennessy B, Lynott F, O'Keeffe D, Crowley M, Smyth L, Perera K, Jennings C, Ni Ainle F, Coll J, Ryan K, O'Donnell J, Lavin M, O'Connell N. Vaccine-induced thrombosis and thrombocytopenia (VITT) in Ireland: A review of cases and current practices. Thromb Update 2021; 5:100086. [PMID: 38620810 PMCID: PMC8578028 DOI: 10.1016/j.tru.2021.100086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the beginning of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) virus pandemic, several highly effective and safe vaccines have been produced at remarkable speed. Following global implementation of vaccination programmes, cases of thrombosis with thrombocytopenia following administration of adenoviral vector-based vaccines started being reported. In this review we discuss the known pathogenesis and epidemiology of so-called vaccine induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis (VITT). We consider the available guidelines, diagnostic laboratory tests and management options for these patients. Finally, we discuss important unanswered questions and areas for future research in this novel pathoclinical entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Swan
- National Coagulation Centre, St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - H Enright
- Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - R Desmond
- Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - G Le
- Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - E El Hassadi
- Waterford University Hospital, Waterford, Ireland
| | - B Hennessy
- Waterford University Hospital, Waterford, Ireland
| | - F Lynott
- Waterford University Hospital, Waterford, Ireland
| | - D O'Keeffe
- University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - M Crowley
- Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - L Smyth
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - K Perera
- Midland Regional Hospital Tullamore, Tullamore, Ireland
| | - C Jennings
- Midland Regional Hospital Tullamore, Tullamore, Ireland
| | - F Ni Ainle
- Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Coll
- Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - K Ryan
- National Coagulation Centre, St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J O'Donnell
- National Coagulation Centre, St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Lavin
- National Coagulation Centre, St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - N O'Connell
- National Coagulation Centre, St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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6
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Dees K, Koo H, Humphreys J, Hakim J, Crossman D, Crowley M, Nabors LB, Benveniste E, Morrow C, McFarland B. IMMU-09. HUMAN MICROBIOTA INFLUENCE THE EFFICACY OF IMMUNOTHERAPY IN A MOUSE MODEL OF GLIOBLASTOMA. Neuro Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab196.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Although immunotherapy works well in glioblastoma (GBM) pre-clinical mouse models, the therapy has unfortunately not demonstrated efficacy in humans. In melanoma and other cancers, the composition of the gut microbiome has been shown to determine responsiveness or resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (anti-PD-1). Most pre-clinical cancer studies have been done in mouse models using mouse gut microbiomes, but there are significant differences between mouse and human microbial gut compositions. To address this inconsistency, we developed a novel humanized microbiome (HuM) model to study the response to immunotherapy in a pre-clinical mouse model of GBM. We used five healthy human donors for fecal transplantation of gnotobiotic mice. After the transplanted microbiomes stabilized, the mice were bred to generate five independent humanized mouse lines (HuM1-HuM5). Analysis of shotgun metagenomic sequencing data from fecal samples revealed a unique microbiome with significant differences in diversity and microbial composition among HuM1-HuM5 lines. Interestingly, we found that the HuM lines responded differently to anti-PD-1. Specifically, we demonstrate that HuM2 and HuM3 mice are responsive to anti-PD-1 and displayed significantly increased survival compared to isotype controls, while HuM1, HuM4, and HuM5 mice are resistant to anti-PD-1. These mice are genetically identical, and only differ in the composition of the gut microbiome. In a correlative experiment, we found that disrupting the responder HuM2 microbiome with antibiotics abrogated the positive response to anti-PD-1, indicating that HuM2 microbiota must be present in the mice to elicit the positive response to anti-PD-1 in the GBM model. The question remains of whether the “responsive” microbial communities in HuM2 and HuM3 can be therapeutically exploited and applicable in other tumor models, or if the “resistant” microbial communities in HuM1, HuM4, and HuM5 can be depleted and/or replaced. Future studies will assess responder microbial transplants as a method of enhancing immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kory Dees
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Hyunmin Koo
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | | | - Joseph Hakim
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | | | | | - L Burt Nabors
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | | | - Casey Morrow
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
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7
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Camenga DR, Banz BC, Crowley M, Mayes L, Brown TL, Li K, Vaca FE. Simulated and self-reported driving among young adults with and without prenatal cocaine exposure. Traffic Inj Prev 2021; 22:S172-S177. [PMID: 34663150 PMCID: PMC8792279 DOI: 10.1080/15389588.2021.1982619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This exploratory study aimed to examine associations between executive function and simulated and self-reported driving behavior among young adults with and without a history of prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE).Methods: Young adult drivers with PCE (n = 38) and with no drug exposure (NDE; n = 25) were recruited from an ongoing longitudinal birth cohort study assessing effects of PCE on development (Mean age = 23.7; 60.3% male; 61.9% with a valid U.S. driver's license, 38.1% report independent driving without a license). Participants completed executive function tasks (i.e., the Stop Signal Task and Groton Maze Learning Task) and self-reported driving measures (i.e., Checkpoints Risky Driving Scale (C-RDS)) outside the cab. Average stop signal reaction time(s) measured inhibitory control, number of exploratory errors measured visuo-spatial working memory, and the total C-RDS score measured self-reported risky driving. Participants completed a high-fidelity driving simulation scenario in a miniSim™ ½ cab National Advanced Driving Simulator (NADS) that yielded indicators of driving performance shown in previous research to correlate with inhibitory control (e.g., average speed, standard deviation lane position (SDLP)) and working memory (minimum headway time, lane departures). Multivariate linear regression models tested whether PCE status, licensure status and executive function measures were associated with simulated driving measures or C-RDS, controlling for sex.Results: Multivariate regression models demonstrated inhibitory control, working memory and PCE group status was not significantly associated with driving outcomes. Licensure was significantly associated with total lane departures (β = -0.66, SE = 0.19; p < 0.01) and C-RDS (β = 5.86, SE = 1.4; p ≤ 0.001).Conclusions: This exploratory study suggests that young adults with PCE have similar neurocognitive performance and driving behaviors as their non-drug exposed (NDE) peers. These findings add to the growing literature demonstrating that the effect of PCE on cognitive functions in childhood may not persist to young adulthood. Further research with similar groups of young drivers in a naturalistic driving context (i.e., instrumented vehicles) is needed to more definitively translate and confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa R Camenga
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale Developmental Neurocognitive Driving Simulation Research Center (DrivSim Lab), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Barbara C Banz
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale Developmental Neurocognitive Driving Simulation Research Center (DrivSim Lab), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Michael Crowley
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Linda Mayes
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Timothy L Brown
- National Advanced Driving Simulator, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Kaigang Li
- Department of Health & Exercise Science, College of Health & Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Federico E Vaca
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale Developmental Neurocognitive Driving Simulation Research Center (DrivSim Lab), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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8
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Kerr GM, Crowley M, O'Reilly EJ, Cunningham C. Justifying quarantine in preventing the spread of COVID-19 in healthcare. Occup Med (Lond) 2021; 71:250-254. [PMID: 34455444 PMCID: PMC8499754 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqab077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The first COVID-19-positive patient was identified in Ireland on 29 February 2020 (Department of Health, Government of Ireland; https://www.gov.ie/en/pressrelease/2f75fd-statement-from-the-national-public-healthemergency-team-sat-29-feb/). Healthcare worker (HCW) quarantining became a core intervention for those identified as ‘close contacts’ to reduce onward transmission within the workplace to patients and colleagues. Whether a quarantining strategy could be justified at a time when there was an increased demand for the services of HCWs remained unknown. Aims To establish whether quarantining staff away from a healthcare setting during a pandemic is justified. Methods This retrospective study examined close contacts of COVID-19-positive index cases (both residents and HCWs) in a community hospital over a 4-week period from 1 to 28 April 2020. Close contacts were identified in accordance with national guidelines. Zones of the hospital were examined to determine the number of COVID-positive index cases and their close contacts. A cumulative result for the hospital was recorded. Results While outcomes varied over time, per zone and per HCW category, the overall conversion rate from close contact to an index case was 30%. Conclusions This study vindicates the policy of quarantining close contact HCWs from their workplaces as they pose a significant threat to both their patients and fellow workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Kerr
- Occupational Health Department, Cork University Hospital, HSE South, Cork T12AK54, Ireland
| | - M Crowley
- Risk Management, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - E J O'Reilly
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork T12AK54, Ireland
| | - C Cunningham
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork T12AK54, Ireland
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9
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Lehane M, Connolly S, Crowley M, Hart C, O"flynn AM. Kidney function decline in heart failure patients: an audit of out-patient heart failure services. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjcn/zvab060.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
A bidirectional relationship exists between the kidney and the heart; the lower the eGFR the more challenging it is to manage the heart failure (HF) patient. Worsening renal function is common in HF patients and associated with a two-fold increase in mortality and a lower likelihood of being prescribed efficacious HF therapy. The role of cardio-renal interactions in HF is essential to identify risk and subsequent treatment strategies.
Purpose
The purpose of this audit is to provide insights into the assessment of renal function in a real world heart failure population by identifying the degree of renal dysfunction and changes in renal function over a five year time frame.
Methods
A retrospective audit included patients with HFrEF attending a heart failure service. These patients were classified using KIDGO criteria CKD 1-5. A current eGFR sample was compared with a sample taken five years earlier, identified using the electronic laboratory record. Ethical approval was granted from the Research Ethics Committee.
Resultss
100 patients with HFrEF attending a heart failure service fulfilled the selection criteria of which sixty three patients with an eGFR >60ml/min/1.73 m2 were audited. Of this group 43 were CKD class 2 and 20 were CKD class 1. Thirty seven patients had an eGFR <60ml/min/1.73 m2 of which 9 were class 3b, 9 were CKD class 4 and 1 was CKD Class 5.
Of the 100 patients enrolled, 6 were excluded from the analysis of kidney function decline as an eGFR from five years earlier was unavailable. Within a five year time span, 44 patients did not change their CKD class, 31 patients declined by one class, 9 patients declined by two classes, 3 patients declined by three classes and 7 patients improved their kidney function.
GFR < 60mL/min/1.73m2,
n = 37
GFR > 60mL/min/1.73m2, n = 63
Age – mean (range)
77.8 (49-94)
66.5 (45-89)
Gender – female (%)
12 (32%)
16 (25%)
Average renal function measurements (mean, range)
6.4
6.7
Total albumin
creatinine ratio measurements
8
6
Actively attending renal service
6
0
Conclusion
Nurses should be aware of the increasing risk conferred by the dual diagnosis of heart failure and chronic kidney disease. Patients with heart failure who have decreasing eGFR levels (especially less than 30 mL/min), should have collaborative management with nephrology services to optimise outcomes. Recognition of CKD in our institution and referral to nephrology services was suboptimal and further work is necessary to optimise the management of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lehane
- Mallow General Hospital, Heart Failure Unit, Cork, Ireland
| | - S Connolly
- Mallow General Hospital, Heart Failure Unit, Cork, Ireland
| | - M Crowley
- Mallow General Hospital, Heart Failure Unit, Cork, Ireland
| | - C Hart
- Mallow General Hospital, Heart Failure Unit, Cork, Ireland
| | - AM O"flynn
- Mallow General Hospital, Heart Failure Unit, Cork, Ireland
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Belda F, Lopez-Martinez M, Torres N, Cherenzia R, Crowley M. Available COVID-19 serial seroconversion panel for validation of SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2021; 100:115340. [PMID: 33596485 PMCID: PMC7990520 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Seroconversion panels are an important tool for investigating antibody responses and developing serological assays. A seroconversion panel was generated from a single SARS-CoV-2 positive plasma donor over 87 days. This seroconversion panel was tested against 6 SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests (IgG, IgM, and total Ig). All test kits utilized recombinant antigens that are specific to SARS-CoV-2. The seroconversion panel showed IgG responses for SARS-CoV-2 after day 50. IgM levels peaked on day 50 (prior to IgG) and declined in subsequent samples. This seroconversion panel is a useful tool for validation of SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Belda
- Research and Development, Bio Supplies Division, Grifols, Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | - Nerea Torres
- R&D Department, Progenika Biopharma, A Grifols Company, Derio, Spain
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11
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Dees K, Koo H, Humphreys JF, Hakim J, Crossman D, Crowley M, Nabors L, Benveniste E, Morrow C, McFarland B. TMOD-19. INDIVIDUAL SPECIFIC HUMAN GUT MICROBE COMMUNITIES INFLUENCE RESPONSE TO IMMUNOTHERAPY IN A HUMANIZED MICROBIOME MOUSE MODEL OF GLIOMA. Neuro Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Although immunotherapy works well in glioblastoma (GBM) pre-clinical mouse models, the therapy has not demonstrated efficacy in GBM patients. Since recent studies have linked the gut microbial composition to the success with immunotherapy for other cancers, we utilized a novel humanized microbiome (HuM) model in order to study the response to immunotherapy in a pre-clinical mouse model of GBM. We used five healthy human donors for fecal transplantation of gnotobiotic mice since it is now recognized that microbe strain level differences render individual humans with a unique microbial community composition. After the transplanted microbiomes stabilized, the mice were bred to generate 5 independent humanized mouse lines (humanized microbiome HuM1-HuM5). Analysis of shotgun metagenomic sequencing data from fecal samples revealed a unique microbiome composition with significant differences in diversity and microbial composition among HuM1-HuM5 lines. We next analyzed the growth of intracranial glioma cells in the HuM lines. All HuM mouse lines were susceptible to GBM transplantation, and exhibited similar median survival ranging from 19-26 days. Interestingly, we found that HuM lines responded differently to the immune checkpoint inhibitor anti-PD-1. Specifically, we demonstrate that HuM1, HuM4, and HuM5 mice are non-responders to anti-PD-1 resulting in the death of the mice from the intracranial tumors, while HuM2 and HuM3 mice are responsive to anti-PD-1 and displayed significantly increased survival compared to isotype controls. Bray-Curtis cluster analysis of the 5 HuM gut microbial communities revealed that HuM2 and HuM3 were closely related. Detailed taxonomic comparison analysis at the top 5 across all HuM mouse lines revealed that Bacteroides cellulosilyticus was commonly found between HuM2 and HuM3 with high abundances. The results of our study establish the utility of humanized microbiome mice as avatars to delineate features of the host interaction with gut microbe communities needed for effective immunotherapy against GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kory Dees
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Hyunmin Koo
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Joseph Hakim
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - David Crossman
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Louis Nabors
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Casey Morrow
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Del Nogal Avila M, Das R, Kharlyngdoh J, Molina Jijon E, Donoro Blazquez H, Gambut S, Crowley M, Crossman D, Gbadagesin RA, Nagel S, Avila Casado C, Clement L, Mace C, Chugh SS. P0046ZHX2 DOWNREGULATION DUE INSERTIONS AND DELETIONS IN THE HAS2-ZHX2 INTERGENIC REGION PREDISPOSE TO PODOCYTE DISEASE RELAPSE. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfaa144.p0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Aims
ZHX2 transcriptional factor is normally found in podocyte membrane forming complexes with ZHX1 and APA or ZHX3 and Ephrin B1. Altered ZHX2 expression disrupts these interactions and is related with the worsening of different primary glomerular diseases such as focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and minimal change disease (MCD).
A small percentage of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) patients develop nephrotic syndrome (NS). Studies of Reed-Sternberg cell line L-1236 reveals a chromosomal rearrangement that leads to ZHX2 downregulation suggesting a possible role of ZHX2 in the development of NS in these patients.
Human podocyte disease relapse is common after a common cold probably mediated by cytokines released by immune cells and the rhinovirus.
Our aim is to study how the presence of insertions and deletions (InDels) between HAS2 and ZHX2 in patients with MCD, FSGS and HL could alter ZHX2 expression and the implication in podocyte disease relapse after a common cold and in HL.
Method
Genomic DNA between HAS2 and ZHX2 (Chr8:122624000-124001000 from UCSC hg19 GRCh37) was sequenced from 28 NS patients and 27 controls using Agilent Custom capture and high throughput Illumina sequencing. The CLC Genomics software was used to identify InDels (3-20 bp) present exclusively in patients. One of the identified InDels was replicated in human podocytes using CRISPR Cas9 and homology directed repair technology to study changes in ZHX2.
A common cold cytokine cocktail containing IL-2, IL-4R, IL-6, IL-10, INF-γ, TNF-α and ICAM-1 was injected into control (BALB/c, n=5) and ZHX2 deficient mice (BALB/cJ, n=5) (Dose X); podocyte specific ZHX2 deficient (ZHX2 flox/flox cre+/+, n=3) and floxed control mice (ZHX2 flox/flox, n=3) (dose X/15). Buffalo Mna (B. Mna) rats were also injected with the cytokine cocktail (X/50) to study relapse in FSGS (n=7).
Cell supernatant from HL Reed Sternberg cells (L-1236) (200µg of total protein) was injected into BALB/c (n=5) and BALB/cJ mice (n=5) and kidney function was assessed.
Results
Multiple InDels were found exclusively in the patient population, two of them, shared by two or more patients.
The insertion at 122,533,694 was presented in patients with MCD, FSGS and HL with NS and also in L-1236 cells. This insertion was replicated in human podocytes using CRISPR/Cas9 (CRISPR B). Another insertion noted both in patients and controls was generated for comparison (CRISPR A). A reduced ZHX2 expression was detected in CRISPR B but not in CRISPR A single cell clones.
The shared insertion at 122,787,088 was presented within the ZHX2 gene intron 1. BALB/cJ mice has lower ZHX2 expression in liver and podocytes due to an insertion in intron 1.
To study whether this insertion could be related with relapse of MCD and FSGS following a common cold, a cytokine cocktail was injected into BALB/cJ and BALB/c mice. BALB/cJ mice developed acute albuminuria after cytokine treatment (65.3±24.3 μg per 18h), but not control BALB/c mice (10.8±1.5 μg per 18h), when compared with baseline values (BALB/cJ 5.1±1.1 μg per 18h; BALB/c 6.5±1.1 μg per 18h) (p<0.05). BALB/cJ mice had also higher nuclear expression of ZHX1.
The cytokine cocktail also induced albuminuria in ZHX2 flox/flox/cre+/+ mice but not in control ZHX2 flox/flox, suggesting that ZHX2 deficiency in podocytes is responsible of kidney injury after cytokine injection.
To study common cold related relapse in FSGS, B. Mna rats were injected with a rat cytokine cocktail, showing a significant increase in proteinuria (61.5±4.2 mg per 18h) compared with baseline (47±4.1 mg per 18h).
Cell culture supernatant from L-1236 was injected into BALB/cJ and BALB/c mice to study the effect of secreted soluble mediators in NS. L-1236 supernatant (200 µg) had a nephrogenic effect in ZHX2 deficient mice but not in controls.
Conclusion
InDels between HAS2 and ZHX2 genes presented in patients with MCD, FSGS and HL, alter ZHX2 expression and are related to relapse following a common cold and in HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Del Nogal Avila
- Rush University Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Chicago, United States of America
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Departamento de Ciencias Medicas Basicas, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Ranjan Das
- Rush University Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Chicago, United States of America
| | - Joubert Kharlyngdoh
- Rush University Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Chicago, United States of America
| | - Eduardo Molina Jijon
- Rush University Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Chicago, United States of America
| | | | - Stephanie Gambut
- Rush University Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Chicago, United States of America
| | - Michael Crowley
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Heflin Center for Genomic Sciences, Birmingham, United States of America
| | - David Crossman
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Heflin Center for Genomic Sciences, Birmingham, United States of America
| | - Rasheed A Gbadagesin
- Duke University Medical Center, Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Durham, United States of America
| | - Stefan Nagel
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ, Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Carmen Avila Casado
- Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Department of Pathology, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lionel Clement
- Rush University Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Chicago, United States of America
| | - Camille Mace
- Rush University Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Chicago, United States of America
| | - Sumant S Chugh
- Rush University Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Chicago, United States of America
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Dees K, Koo H, Hakim J, Fraser Humphreys J, Crossman D, Crowley M, Nabors L, Benveniste E, Morrow C, McFarland B. TMOD-19. ELUCIDATING THE RESISTANCE TO IMMUNOTHERAPY IN BRAIN TUMORS USING A HUMANIZED MICROBIOME MOUSE MODEL. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz175.1118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Although the immunotherapy anti-PD-1 works well in glioblastoma (GBM) pre-clinical mouse models, the therapy has not demonstrated a similar efficacy in patient clinical trials. Recent studies have linked the gut microbe composition to tumor growth and response to immunotherapy in some cancers. To date, all GBM pre-clinical studies have been done in mouse models using mouse gut microbiomes. There are significant differences between mouse and human microbial gut compositions, with up to 85% of gut bacteria found in laboratory mice not found in humans. Because it is known that the gut microbe composition can impact the immune system, we hypothesize that the non-responsiveness of GBM patients to immunotherapy may be due to the composition of the gut microbiome. Therefore, we have generated a humanized microbiome mouse model in which mice have been colonized by human donor microbes in their GI tract (two different healthy human donors (HuM1 and HuM2)). In preliminary results, we have found that HuM1 mice are resistant to anti-PD-1, while HuM2 mice are responders to anti-PD-1 in the GL261 syngeneic intracranial model. These mice are genetically identical and only differ in gut microbiome composition. Furthermore, we found that HuM2 mice exhibited a significant increase in cytotoxic CD8+T-cells producing IFN-γ and significant increased CD8+/Treg ratio in the spleen following anti-PD-1 treatment, which was not observed in the HuM1 mice. When testing the efficacy of standard of care temozolomide (TMZ) in our humanized mice, we found that TMZ significantly prolonged survival of both HuM1 and HuM2 mice with intracranial tumors. However, HuM2 mice exhibited superior efficacy (p< 0.001; 57% survival), compared to HuM1 mice (p< 0.01; 0% survival). We are extending these studies to analyze additional humanized microbiome lines as well as GBM patient donor lines to more accurately understand individual responses to tumor growth and responsiveness to therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kory Dees
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Hyunmin Koo
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Joseph Hakim
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - David Crossman
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Louis Nabors
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Casey Morrow
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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14
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Cohen E, Antwi P, Banz BC, Vincent P, Saha R, Arencibia CA, Ryu JH, Atac E, Saleem N, Tomatsu S, Swift K, Hu C, Krestel H, Farooque P, Levy S, Wu J, Crowley M, Vaca FE, Blumenfeld H. Realistic driving simulation during generalized epileptiform discharges to identify electroencephalographic features related to motor vehicle safety: Feasibility and pilot study. Epilepsia 2019; 61:19-28. [PMID: 31646628 DOI: 10.1111/epi.16356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Generalized epileptiform discharges (GEDs) can occur during seizures or without obvious clinical accompaniment. Motor vehicle driving risk during apparently subclinical GEDs is uncertain. Our goals were to develop a feasible, realistic test to evaluate driving safety during GEDs, and to begin evaluating electroencephalographic (EEG) features in relation to driving safety. METHODS Subjects were aged ≥15 years with generalized epilepsy, GEDs on EEG, and no clinical seizures. Using a high-fidelity driving simulator (miniSim) with simultaneous EEG, a red oval visual stimulus was presented every 5 minutes for baseline testing, and with each GED. Participants were instructed to pull over as quickly and safely as possible with each stimulus. We analyzed driving and EEG signals during GEDs. RESULTS Nine subjects were tested, and five experienced 88 GEDs total with mean duration 2.31 ± 1.89 (SD) seconds. Of these five subjects, three responded appropriately to all stimuli, one failed to respond to 75% of stimuli, and one stopped driving immediately during GEDs. GEDs with no response to stimuli were significantly longer than those with appropriate responses (8.47 ± 3.10 vs 1.85 ± 0.69 seconds, P < .001). Reaction times to stimuli during GEDs were significantly correlated with GED duration (r = 0.30, P = .04). In addition, EEG amplitude was greater for GEDs with no response to stimuli than GEDs with responses, both for overall root mean square voltage amplitude (66.14 μV vs 52.99 μV, P = .02) and for fractional power changes in the frequency range of waves (P < .05) and spikes (P < .001). SIGNIFICANCE High-fidelity driving simulation is feasible for investigating driving behavior during GEDs. GEDs with longer duration and greater EEG amplitude showed more driving impairment. Future work with a large sample size may ultimately enable classification of GED EEG features to predict individual driving risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli Cohen
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Central Caribbean University School of Medicine, Bayamón, Puerto Rico
| | - Prince Antwi
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Barbara C Banz
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Peter Vincent
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Rick Saha
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - Jun H Ryu
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Ece Atac
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nehan Saleem
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Shiori Tomatsu
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Kohleman Swift
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Claire Hu
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Heinz Krestel
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhein-Main, Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Pue Farooque
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Susan Levy
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jia Wu
- Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Developmental Neurocognitive Driving Simulation Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Michael Crowley
- Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Developmental Neurocognitive Driving Simulation Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Federico E Vaca
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Developmental Neurocognitive Driving Simulation Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Hal Blumenfeld
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Neurosurgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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15
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Smith S, Crowley M, Ferrey A, Ramsey K, Wexler B, Leckman J, Sukhodolsky D. Effects of Integrated Brain, Body, and Social (IBBS) intervention on ERP measures of attentional control in children with ADHD. Psychiatry Res 2019; 278:248-257. [PMID: 31233935 PMCID: PMC6637759 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A primary goal of this study was to examine the impact of an Integrated Brain, Body, and Social (IBBS) intervention (multi-faceted treatment consisting of computerized cognitive training, physical exercise, and behavior management) on ERPs of attentional control (P3 & N2) in children with ADHD. The secondary goal was to test the differences between children with and without ADHD on ERP and Go/No-Go behavioral measures. A total of twenty-nine participants (M age = 7.14 years; 52% male; 41.4% white) recruited from the IBBS efficacy study comparing IBBS to Treatment-As-Usual (TAU) completed a Go/No-Go task before and after treatment as brain activity was recorded using EEG. Thirty-four matched healthy controls (HC) completed the same EEG procedures at a single time point. Following treatment, the Go P3 latency was significantly earlier for the IBBS group relative to the TAU group. No treatment effects were found on any behavioral measures. Prior to treatment, there was a significant difference between the ADHD group and HC group for the N2 difference wave. Children with ADHD also showed slower reaction times on behavioral measures. Although this pilot study did not reveal robust treatment effects, it suggests that IBBS may prevent the worsening of attentional systems in the brain and larger studies are needed for replication purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Smith
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern
Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA,Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT,
USA,Corresponding Author: The University
of Southern Mississippi, Department of Psychology, 118 College Drive, #5025,
Hattiesburg, MS, 39406. . Telephone:
601-266-6256. Fax: 601-266-5580
| | - Michael Crowley
- Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT,
USA
| | - Anne Ferrey
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences,
University of Oxford, Oxford, England
| | - Kathleen Ramsey
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern
Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - Bruce Wexler
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New
Haven, CT, USA
| | - James Leckman
- Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT,
USA
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16
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17
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18
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Lourenco AR, Lopez J, Crowley M, Mittal V, Gao D. Abstract 2904: Awakening metastatic breast cancer cells to chemotherapy. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-2904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women with more than 316,000 new cases and expected 40,610 deaths in the US in 2017. Despite vast improvement in cancer management and treatment in the past years, not all subtypes of breast cancer have benefited equally. This includes the most aggressive form of invasive breast cancer, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype (ER-, PR- and HER2-), which accounts for about 20-25% of all breast cancer cases and presents a higher breast cancer-related mortality compared to other breast cancer subtypes. The poor survival rates attributed to TNBC is due to the lack of available biological targets and high rates of metastatic recurrence. Therefore, chemotherapy is the only therapeutic option for patients with metastatic TNBC. However, development of chemotherapy resistance is observed in the great majority of the cases and patients relapse within 5 years of a diagnosis. Given the unmet clinical needs, the discovery of novel therapeutic options that overcome chemoresistance of metastatic breast cancer is required. We have identified a group of genes which expression was enriched in chemotherapy resistant tumors cells, suggesting that these are potential therapeutic candidates to overcome chemotherapy resistance. Of these, CDKN1A (p21) was included. Furthermore, Immunostaining of metastatic lung tissue confirmed that surviving tumor cells under CTX treatment highly express p21. The enrichment of p21 in surviving tumor cells under chemotherapy, together with its well documented functions in cell-cycle arrest and regulation of apoptosis, provides a rationale to explore the underlying mechanisms that govern p21-induced chemoresistance and whether targeting p21 will re-sensitize the chemoresistant tumor cells in vivo.
Citation Format: Ana Rita Lourenco, Jay Lopez, Michael Crowley, Vivek Mittal, Dingcheng Gao. Awakening metastatic breast cancer cells to chemotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2904.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jay Lopez
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
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19
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Moore M, Panjwani S, Mathew R, Crowley M, Liu YF, Aronova A, Finnerty B, Zarnegar R, Fahey TJ, Scognamiglio T. Well-Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Neovasculature Expresses Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen-a Possible Novel Therapeutic Target. Endocr Pathol 2017; 28:339-344. [PMID: 28844117 DOI: 10.1007/s12022-017-9500-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), a type II transmembrane glycoprotein receptor, is highly expressed in prostate cancer and in the tumor neovasculature of colon, breast, and adrenocortical tumors. Here, we analyzed PSMA expression in the neovasculature of various thyroid cancer subtypes and assessed whether PSMA expression is correlated with aggressive behavior. From a prospectively maintained database, we evaluated 91 samples from 68 patients, including 37 primary differentiated thyroid cancers (DTCs) [11 classic papillary (cPTC), 9 follicular-variant (FvPTC), 11 follicular (FTC), 6 radioactive iodine-refractory (RAIR)], 5 anaplastic (ATC) carcinomas, 9 distant and 12 lymph node metastases, 21 benign thyroid nodules, and 7 normal thyroid specimens. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks were immunostained for vascular endothelial marker CD31 and PSMA with proper controls. PSMA expression was not detected in normal thyroid tissue. DTC tumors demonstrated a significantly higher PSMA expression, in regard to both intensity and percentage of vessels stained, than benign tumors (p < 0.001). Among the histologic subtypes, cPTC, FTC, and RAIR carcinomas demonstrated the highest percent of moderate to strong PSMA staining. PSMA expression was seen more frequently in specimens from distant metastases (100%) compared with specimens from only lymph node metastases (67%). PSMA is significantly overexpressed in the neovasculature of DTCs compared with normal and benign thyroid nodules specifically with increased expression in RAIR carcinomas and distant metastases. PSMA should be further explored as a novel therapeutic target for metastatic and RAIR carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen Moore
- Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Suraj Panjwani
- Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Rashmi Mathew
- Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Michael Crowley
- Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Yi-Fang Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 East 68th Street, Starr 10, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Anna Aronova
- Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Brendan Finnerty
- Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Rasa Zarnegar
- Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Thomas J Fahey
- Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Theresa Scognamiglio
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 East 68th Street, Starr 10, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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20
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Desatnik A, Bel-Bahar T, Nolte T, Crowley M, Fonagy P, Fearon P. Emotion regulation in adolescents: An ERP study. Biol Psychol 2017; 129:52-61. [PMID: 28803782 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The use of emotion regulation strategies can reduce the intensity of negative emotional experiences. Event related potentials (ERPs), specifically the late positive potential (LPP), are known to be sensitive to this modulation in adults. This is the first study to explore the neural correlates of expressive suppression in adolescents. We sought to replicate previous findings from emotion regulation studies with adult populations, show that the LPP can be modulated by expressive suppression in healthy adolescents, and examine the influence of age on LPP changes. METHOD ERPs of 53 healthy adolescents (12-17 years old) performing an emotion regulation task (expressive suppression) were recorded. RESULTS Expressive suppression altered the LPP in adolescents with both increases and decreases noted depending on time window and recording site. The LPP during expressive suppression was decreased with increasing age. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that 1) the LPP is an effective tool to study processes associated with emotion regulation in adolescents, and 2) expressive suppression, in terms of its neural indicators, seems to become more effective with age. The nature and utility of expressive suppression as a specific form of emotion regulation in adolescents are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Desatnik
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London & The Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Tarik Bel-Bahar
- Center for Consciousness Science, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Tobias Nolte
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Peter Fonagy
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London & The Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pasco Fearon
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London & The Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, United Kingdom
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21
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Koo H, Hakim JA, Powell ML, Kumar R, Eipers PG, Morrow CD, Crowley M, Lefkowitz EJ, Watts SA, Bej AK. Metagenomics approach to the study of the gut microbiome structure and function in zebrafish Danio rerio fed with gluten formulated diet. J Microbiol Methods 2017; 135:69-76. [PMID: 28167213 PMCID: PMC5909692 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we report the gut microbial composition and predictive functional profiles of zebrafish, Danio rerio, fed with a control formulated diet (CFD), and a gluten formulated diet (GFD) using a metagenomics approach and bioinformatics tools. The microbial communities of the GFD-fed D. rerio displayed heightened abundances of Legionellales, Rhizobiaceae, and Rhodobacter, as compared to the CFD-fed counterparts. Predicted metagenomics of microbial communities (PICRUSt) in GFD-fed D. rerio showed KEGG functional categories corresponding to bile secretion, secondary bile acid biosynthesis, and the metabolism of glycine, serine, and threonine. The CFD-fed D. rerio exhibited KEGG functional categories of bacteria-mediated cobalamin biosynthesis, which was supported by the presence of cobalamin synthesizers such as Bacteroides and Lactobacillus. Though these bacteria were absent in GFD-fed D. rerio, a comparable level of the cobalamin biosynthesis KEGG functional category was observed, which could be contributed by the compensatory enrichment of Cetobacterium. Based on these results, we conclude D. rerio to be a suitable alternative animal model for the use of a targeted metagenomics approach along with bioinformatics tools to further investigate the relationship between the gluten diet and microbiome profile in the gut ecosystem leading to gastrointestinal diseases and other undesired adverse health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunmin Koo
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Joseph A Hakim
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Mickie L Powell
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ranjit Kumar
- Biomedical Informatics, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Peter G Eipers
- Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Casey D Morrow
- Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Michael Crowley
- Heflin Center for Genomic Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Elliot J Lefkowitz
- Biomedical Informatics, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Stephen A Watts
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Asim K Bej
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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22
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Zhang Y, Inouye H, Crowley M, Yu L, Kaeli D, Makowski L. Diffraction pattern simulation of cellulose fibrils using distributed and quantized pair distances. J Appl Crystallogr 2016. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576716013297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Intensity simulation of X-ray scattering from large twisted cellulose molecular fibrils is important in understanding the impact of chemical or physical treatments on structural properties such as twisting or coiling. This paper describes a highly efficient method for the simulation of X-ray diffraction patterns from complex fibrils using atom-type-specific pair-distance quantization. Pair distances are sorted into arrays which are labelled by atom type. Histograms of pair distances in each array are computed and binned and the resulting population distributions are used to represent the whole pair-distance data set. These quantized pair-distance arrays are used with a modified and vectorized Debye formula to simulate diffraction patterns. This approach utilizes fewer pair distances in each iteration, and atomic scattering factors are moved outside the iteration since the arrays are labelled by atom type. This algorithm significantly reduces the computation time while maintaining the accuracy of diffraction pattern simulation, making possible the simulation of diffraction patterns from large twisted fibrils in a relatively short period of time, as is required for model testing and refinement.
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Appleby N, Groarke E, Crowley M, Wahab FA, McCann AM, Egan L, Gough D, McMahon G, O'Donghaile D, O'Keeffe D, O'Connell N. Reversal of warfarin anticoagulation using prothrombin complex concentrate at 25 IU kg−1: results of the RAPID study. Transfus Med 2016; 27:66-71. [DOI: 10.1111/tme.12371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Appleby
- Department of Haematology; St James's University Hospital; Dublin Ireland
| | - E. Groarke
- Department of Haematology; Limerick University Hospital; Limerick Ireland
| | - M. Crowley
- Department of Haematology; St James's University Hospital; Dublin Ireland
| | - F. A. Wahab
- Department of Haematology; Limerick University Hospital; Limerick Ireland
| | - A. M. McCann
- Department of Haematology; St James's University Hospital; Dublin Ireland
| | - L. Egan
- Department of Haematology; St James's University Hospital; Dublin Ireland
| | - D. Gough
- Department of Haematology; St James's University Hospital; Dublin Ireland
| | - G. McMahon
- Department of Emergency Medicine; St. James's University Hospital; Dublin Ireland
| | - D. O'Donghaile
- Department of Haematology; St James's University Hospital; Dublin Ireland
| | - D. O'Keeffe
- Department of Haematology; Limerick University Hospital; Limerick Ireland
| | - N. O'Connell
- Department of Haematology; St James's University Hospital; Dublin Ireland
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Lohiya V, Willey C, Yang ESH, Crowley M, Anderson J, Della Manna DL, Naik G, Crossman D, Varambally S, Chandrashekar DS, Sonpavde G. Multiplatform comprehensive kinase analysis of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) to identify potentially actionable therapeutic targets. J Clin Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2016.34.15_suppl.e16014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vipin Lohiya
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | - Eddy Shih-Hsin Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Michael Crowley
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL
| | - Joshua Anderson
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Guru Sonpavde
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL
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Naik G, Chen D, Crowley M, Crossman D, Sexton KC, Grizzle WE, Mehta AN, Sonpavde G. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) of penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) to identify multiple recurrent mutations. J Clin Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2016.34.2_suppl.484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
484 Background: Molecular alterations and drivers of PSCC, an orphan malignancy, remain unclear. The Cancer Genome Atlas is not studying PSCC and the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer has performed targeted analyses only. We report WES of PSCC tumors from a group of patients (pts). Methods: Freshfrozen macrodissected PSCC tumor tissue and adjacent normal tissue samples were procured from the Cooperative Human Tissue Network. DNA was isolated from tissue sections by phenol chloroform extraction. Exome capture was performed with the Agilent SureSelect clinical research exome kit and whole exome-seq was done on the Illumina HiSeq2500 with paired end 100bp chemistry. Raw sequence data in Fastq format were aligned to human reference genome and quantified, and compared by using a local instance of Galaxy (galaxy.uabgrid.uab.edu). These data were analyzed for mutations (SNPs) analysis, by Partek Genomic Suite/Flow(PGS, Partek, St. Louis, MO) for variance calling against human reference genome (hg19) as referenced to dbSNP; and copy number variants (cnv) by FishingCNV tool together with picard tools/samtools/GATK). We focused on missense mutations and amplifications among ≥ 2 tumor samples but not in normal samples as they may cause upregulation of gene/protein function, which may be therapeutically actionable. Results: PSCC tumors were available from 11 patients and adjacent normal tissue from 3 patients. The 10 most common genes with > 4 missense mutations among ≥ 2 tumor samples overall were the following in decreasing order of frequency: MUC4, HLA-DPA1, MUC16, XIRP2, SSPO, TTN, FCGBP, PABPC3, ALPK2 and MKI67. The top upstream transcriptional regulators were PIH1D3, PRDM5, PTK2, Coup-Tf and NBEAL2. When examining candidate actionable genes, recurrent missense alterations were seen in PIK3C2A and PIK3C2G. Additional analysis will study alterations in functional domains and cnv. Conclusions: WES identified a relatively high mutation burden in PSCC withrecurrent missense mutations in multiple genes, notably including the PI3K gene among potentially actionable genes. Validation of these findings and further study of downstream effects is required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dongquan Chen
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL
| | - Michael Crowley
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL
| | - David Crossman
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL
| | | | - William E. Grizzle
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | - Guru Sonpavde
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL
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Rainey SR, Simpson J, Page S, Crowley M, Evans J, Sheridan M, Ireland AJ. The impact of violence reduction initiatives on emergency department attendance. Scott Med J 2016; 60:90-4. [PMID: 25922413 DOI: 10.1177/0036933015576297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent violence reduction initiatives in Glasgow have led to a reduction in recorded levels of violent crime.(1) This study evaluates the impact of these initiatives on assault-related emergency department attendances and admissions. METHODS A retrospective observational study conducted in Glasgow Royal Infirmary's emergency department comparing assault-related emergency department attendances and hospital admissions over two 30-day study periods (April 2010 and April 2012). The primary outcome measure was the change in assault-related emergency department attendances. The secondary outcome measure was the impact on assault-related hospital and critical care admissions. RESULTS In April 2010, there were 6098 emergency department attendances, 301 (4.9%) were due to assault. In April 2012, there were 7236 emergency department attendances, 263 (3.6%) were due to assault, representing a significant reduction in assault-related attendances (p < 0.01). There were significant reductions in level 1 admissions 2010 n = 56 (19.2%), 2012 n = 36 (14.0%) p = 0.04 and critical care admissions, 2010 n = 5 (1.7%), 2012 n = 1 (0.4%) p = 0.04. CONCLUSIONS Violence reduction initiatives in Glasgow have contributed to a reduction in assault-related emergency department attendance at Glasgow Royal Infirmary. The reduction in hospital admissions, in particular critical care admissions, suggests a reduction in morbidity and cost to the National Health Service.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Rainey
- Emergency Medicine Registrar, Emergency Department, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, UK
| | - J Simpson
- GPST1, Emergency Department, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, UK
| | - S Page
- FY2, Emergency Department, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, UK
| | - M Crowley
- Medical Student, Emergency Department, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, UK
| | - J Evans
- Reader in Public Health, School of Health Sciences, Stirling University, UK
| | - M Sheridan
- Emergency Medicine Consultant, Emergency Department, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, UK
| | - A J Ireland
- Emergency Medicine Consultant, Emergency Department, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, UK
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Although most hypocalcemia with hypomagenesemia in the neonatal period is due to transient neonatal hypoparathyroidism, magnesium channel defects should also be considered. CASE We report a case of persistent hypomagnesemia in an 8-day-old Hispanic male who presented with generalized seizures. He was initially found to have hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia and normal parathyroid hormone. Serum calcium normalized with administration of calcitriol and calcium carbonate. Serum magnesium improved with oral magnesium sulfate. However, 1 week after magnesium was discontinued, serum magnesium declined to 0.5 mg/dL. Magnesium supplementation was immediately restarted, and periodic seizure activity resolved after serum magnesium concentration was maintained above 0.9 mg/dL. The child was eventually weaned off oral calcium and calcitriol with persistent normocalemia. However, supraphysiologic oral magnesium doses were necessary to prevent seizures and maintain serum magnesium at the low limit of normal. METHODS AND RESULTS As his clinical presentation suggested primary renal magnesium wastage, TRPM6 gene mutations were suspected; subsequent genetic testing revealed the child to be compound heterozygous for TRPM6 mutations. CONCLUSION Two novel TRPM6 mutations are described with a new geographic and ethnic origin. This case highlights the importance of recognizing disorders of magnesium imbalance and describing new genetic mutations.
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Carey AJ, Sullivan MJ, Duell BL, Crossman DK, Chattopadhyay D, Brooks AJ, Tan CK, Crowley M, Sweet MJ, Schembri MA, Ulett GC. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Engages CD14-Dependent Signaling to Enable Bladder-Macrophage-Dependent Control of Acute Urinary Tract Infection. J Infect Dis 2015; 213:659-68. [PMID: 26324782 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiv424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD14, a coreceptor for several pattern recognition receptors and a widely used monocyte/macrophage marker, plays a key role in host responses to gram-negative bacteria. Despite the central role of CD14 in the inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide and other microbial products and in the dissemination of bacteria in some infections, the signaling networks controlled by CD14 during urinary tract infection (UTI) are unknown. METHODS We used uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) infection of wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 and Cd14(-/-) mice and RNA sequencing to define the CD14-dependent transcriptional signature and the role of CD14 in host defense against UTI in the bladder. RESULTS UPEC induced the upregulation of Cd14 and the monocyte/macrophage-related genes Emr1/F4/80 and Csf1r/c-fms, which was associated with lower UPEC burdens in WT mice, compared with Cd14(-/-) mice. Exacerbation of infection in Cd14(-/-) mice was associated with the absence of a 491-gene transcriptional signature in the bladder that encompassed multiple host networks not previously associated with this receptor. CD14-dependent pathways included immune cell trafficking, differential cytokine production in macrophages, and interleukin 17 signaling. Depletion of monocytes/macrophages in the bladder by administration of liposomal clodronate led to higher UPEC burdens. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies new host protective and signaling roles for CD14 in the bladder during UPEC UTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison J Carey
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast
| | - Matthew J Sullivan
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast
| | - Benjamin L Duell
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast
| | - David K Crossman
- Heflin Center for Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Debasish Chattopadhyay
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Andrew J Brooks
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute
| | - Chee K Tan
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast
| | - Michael Crowley
- Heflin Center for Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Matthew J Sweet
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mark A Schembri
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Glen C Ulett
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham
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McCann M, Abu‐Omar M, Agrawal R, Bozell J, Carpita N, Chapple C, Crowley M, Delgass N, Donohoe B, Himmel M, Kenttamaa H, Makowski L, Meilan R, Mosier N, Murphy A, Peer W, Ribeiro F, Tucker M. Tailoring Biomass for Biochemical, Chemical or Thermochemical Catalytic Conversion. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.485.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maureen McCann
- Biological Sciences, Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Botany and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue UniversityUnited States
| | - Mahdi Abu‐Omar
- Biological Sciences, Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Botany and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue UniversityUnited States
| | - Rakesh Agrawal
- Biological Sciences, Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Botany and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue UniversityUnited States
| | - Joseph Bozell
- Center for Renewable Carbon University of TennesseeUnited States
| | - Nicholas Carpita
- Biological Sciences, Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Botany and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue UniversityUnited States
| | - Clint Chapple
- Biological Sciences, Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Botany and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue UniversityUnited States
| | - Michael Crowley
- National Bioenergy Center National Renewable Energy LaboratoryUnited States
| | - Nicholas Delgass
- Biological Sciences, Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Botany and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue UniversityUnited States
| | - Bryon Donohoe
- National Bioenergy Center National Renewable Energy LaboratoryUnited States
| | - Michael Himmel
- National Bioenergy Center National Renewable Energy LaboratoryUnited States
| | - Hilkka Kenttamaa
- Biological Sciences, Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Botany and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue UniversityUnited States
| | - Lee Makowski
- Electrical and Computer EngineeringNortheastern UniversityUnited States
| | - Richard Meilan
- Biological Sciences, Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Botany and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue UniversityUnited States
| | - Nathan Mosier
- Biological Sciences, Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Botany and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue UniversityUnited States
| | - Angus Murphy
- Plant Science and Landscape Architecture University of MarylandUnited States
| | - Wendy Peer
- Plant Science and Landscape Architecture University of MarylandUnited States
| | - Fabio Ribeiro
- Biological Sciences, Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Botany and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue UniversityUnited States
| | - Melvin Tucker
- National Bioenergy Center National Renewable Energy LaboratoryUnited States
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Mehta AN, Yang ESH, Willey CD, Crowley M, Chen D, Anderson J, Naik G, Cooper T, Sonpavde G. Multiplatform comprehensive kinase analysis of penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) to identify drivers and potentially actionable therapeutic targets. J Clin Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2015.33.7_suppl.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
389 Background: PSCC is an orphan malignancy with poorly understood biology and suboptimal systemic therapy. Given that kinases may be drivers of disease and readily actionable, we performed comprehensive multiplatform analysis of kinases in PSCC tumor tissue and adjacent normal tissue. Methods: We collected fresh frozen tumors from 10 patients with PSCC, of whom 3 had adjacent normal tissue available. After macrodissection to demarcate tumor from normal tissue, the samples underwent analysis of kinases using platforms to assess DNA, RNA and kinase activity. Next Generation Sequencing of 515 kinase genes was performed using the Agilent Kinome capture and run on the Illumina HiSeq2500 at PE100bp. The Nanostring nCounter platform analyzed the expression (RNA) of 519 kinase genes. Global kinase activity of tissue lysates was measured using Pamstation@12 high-content phospho-peptide substrate microarray system (PamGene International). Upstream kinase prediction was performed and network mapping was done with GeneGo MetaCore. Ingenuity pathway analysis data was performed to integrate over-expression at the activity and gene expression level with coexisting missense mutations at DNA level. Results: Top pathways observed to be upregulated in both the kinase activity and gene expression platforms were PTEN Signaling, STAT3 Pathway, GNRH Signaling, IL8 Signaling and B Cell Receptor Signaling. Potentially relevant missense mutations were seen in 176 kinase genes, with the top altered pathways overlapping with gene overexpression being GNRH Signaling, NF-kB Signaling, and STAT3 pathways. ERBB2, ERBB3 and SYK were altered on gene sequencing and also showed elevated kinase activity. Kinases previously implicated in prostate cancer (PAK4, TNK2), breast cancer (ERBB2) and genital dysplasia (ROR2) also demonstrated mutations. Conclusions: Multiplatform comprehensive analysis of kinases at the DNA, RNA and protein activity levels discovered several potential drivers of PSCC and actionable therapeutic targets. Further validation in preclinical and translational trials is warranted to make advances in this rare malignancy with substantial unmet needs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eddy Shih-Hsin Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | - Michael Crowley
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Heflin Center Genomics Core, Birmingham, AL
| | - Dongquan Chen
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL
| | - Joshua Anderson
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL
| | - Gurudatta Naik
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL
| | - Tiffiny Cooper
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Guru Sonpavde
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL
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31
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Kumar R, Eipers P, Little RB, Crowley M, Crossman DK, Lefkowitz EJ, Morrow CD. Getting started with microbiome analysis: sample acquisition to bioinformatics. Curr Protoc Hum Genet 2014; 82:18.8.1-18.8.29. [PMID: 25042718 PMCID: PMC4383038 DOI: 10.1002/0471142905.hg1808s82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Historically, in order to study microbes, it was necessary to grow them in the laboratory. It was clear though that many microbe communities were refractory to study because none of the members could be grown outside of their native habitat. The development of culture-independent methods to study microbiota using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene variable regions present in all prokaryotic organisms has provided new opportunities to investigate complex microbial communities. In this unit, the process for a microbiome analysis is described. Many of the components required for this process may already exist. A pipeline is described for acquisition of samples from different sites on the human body, isolation of microbial DNA, and DNA sequencing using the Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform. Finally, a new analytical workflow for basic bioinformatics data analysis, QWRAP, is described, which can be used by clinical and basic science investigators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjit Kumar
- Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham Alabama 35294
| | - Peter Eipers
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham Alabama 35294
| | - Rebecca B. Little
- Department of Nutrition Sciencesm, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham Alabama 35233
| | - Michael Crowley
- Department of Genetics and Heflin Center for Genomic Sciencel, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham Alabama 35294
| | - David K. Crossman
- Department of Genetics and Heflin Center for Genomic Sciencel, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham Alabama 35294
| | - Elliot J. Lefkowitz
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham Alabama 35294
| | - Casey D. Morrow
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham Alabama 35294
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Olek AT, Rayon C, Makowski L, Kim HR, Ciesielski P, Badger J, Paul LN, Ghosh S, Kihara D, Crowley M, Himmel ME, Bolin JT, Carpita NC. The structure of the catalytic domain of a plant cellulose synthase and its assembly into dimers. Plant Cell 2014; 26:2996-3009. [PMID: 25012190 PMCID: PMC4145127 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.114.126862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Revised: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose microfibrils are para-crystalline arrays of several dozen linear (1→4)-β-d-glucan chains synthesized at the surface of the cell membrane by large, multimeric complexes of synthase proteins. Recombinant catalytic domains of rice (Oryza sativa) CesA8 cellulose synthase form dimers reversibly as the fundamental scaffold units of architecture in the synthase complex. Specificity of binding to UDP and UDP-Glc indicates a properly folded protein, and binding kinetics indicate that each monomer independently synthesizes single glucan chains of cellulose, i.e., two chains per dimer pair. In contrast to structure modeling predictions, solution x-ray scattering studies demonstrate that the monomer is a two-domain, elongated structure, with the smaller domain coupling two monomers into a dimer. The catalytic core of the monomer is accommodated only near its center, with the plant-specific sequences occupying the small domain and an extension distal to the catalytic domain. This configuration is in stark contrast to the domain organization obtained in predicted structures of plant CesA. The arrangement of the catalytic domain within the CesA monomer and dimer provides a foundation for constructing structural models of the synthase complex and defining the relationship between the rosette structure and the cellulose microfibrils they synthesize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna T Olek
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2054
| | - Catherine Rayon
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2054
| | - Lee Makowski
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Hyung Rae Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1971
| | - Peter Ciesielski
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Biomolecular Science Group, Golden, Colorado 80401-3305
| | - John Badger
- DeltaG Technologies, San Diego, California 92122
| | - Lake N Paul
- Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2057
| | - Subhangi Ghosh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1971
| | - Daisuke Kihara
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1971 Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2107
| | - Michael Crowley
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Biomolecular Science Group, Golden, Colorado 80401-3305
| | - Michael E Himmel
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Biomolecular Science Group, Golden, Colorado 80401-3305
| | - Jeffrey T Bolin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1971
| | - Nicholas C Carpita
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2054 Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1971 Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2057
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Castellan Baldan L, Williams K, Gallezot JD, Pogorelov V, Rapanelli M, Crowley M, Anderson G, Loring E, Gorczyca R, Billingslea E, Wasylink S, Panza K, Ercan-Sencicek A, Krusong K, Leventhal B, Ohtsu H, Bloch M, Hughes Z, Krystal J, Mayes L, de Araujo I, Ding YS, State M, Pittenger C. Histidine Decarboxylase Deficiency Causes Tourette Syndrome: Parallel Findings in Humans and Mice. Neuron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2014.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Willey CD, Crowley M, Chen D, Anderson J, Mgbemena ON, Crossman D, Naik G, Grizzle WE, Sonpavde G. Identification of potentially targetable kinases by concurrent high-throughput functional kinomics and RNA-sequencing (seq) of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). J Clin Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2014.32.15_suppl.4553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Crowley
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL
| | - Dongquan Chen
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL
| | - Joshua Anderson
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL
| | | | - David Crossman
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL
| | - Gurudatta Naik
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL
| | - William E. Grizzle
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
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Nicolov E, Ferrati S, Goodall R, Hudson L, Hosali S, Crowley M, Palapattu G, Khera M, Grattoni A. MP43-20 NANOTECHNOLOGY-BASED IMPLANT FOR LONG TERM TESTOSTERONE REPLACEMENT. J Urol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.02.1177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Baldan LC, Williams KA, Gallezot JD, Pogorelov V, Rapanelli M, Crowley M, Anderson GM, Loring E, Gorczyca R, Billingslea E, Wasylink S, Panza KE, Ercan-Sencicek AG, Krusong K, Leventhal BL, Ohtsu H, Bloch MH, Hughes ZA, Krystal JH, Mayes L, de Araujo I, Ding YS, State MW, Pittenger C. Histidine decarboxylase deficiency causes tourette syndrome: parallel findings in humans and mice. Neuron 2014; 81:77-90. [PMID: 24411733 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2013.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Tourette syndrome (TS) is characterized by tics, sensorimotor gating deficiencies, and abnormalities of cortico-basal ganglia circuits. A mutation in histidine decarboxylase (Hdc), the key enzyme for the biosynthesis of histamine (HA), has been implicated as a rare genetic cause. Hdc knockout mice exhibited potentiated tic-like stereotypies, recapitulating core phenomenology of TS; these were mitigated by the dopamine (DA) D2 antagonist haloperidol, a proven pharmacotherapy, and by HA infusion into the brain. Prepulse inhibition was impaired in both mice and humans carrying Hdc mutations. HA infusion reduced striatal DA levels; in Hdc knockout mice, striatal DA was increased and the DA-regulated immediate early gene Fos was upregulated. DA D2/D3 receptor binding was altered both in mice and in humans carrying the Hdc mutation. These data confirm histidine decarboxylase deficiency as a rare cause of TS and identify HA-DA interactions in the basal ganglia as an important locus of pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyle A Williams
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine.,Department of Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine
| | | | | | | | - Michael Crowley
- Department of Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine
| | - George M Anderson
- Department of Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine
| | - Erin Loring
- Department of Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine.,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine.,Department of Program on Neurogenetics, Yale University School of Medicine
| | | | | | | | - Kaitlyn E Panza
- Department of Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine
| | - A Gulhan Ercan-Sencicek
- Department of Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine.,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine
| | - Kuakarun Krusong
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine.,Dept. of Biochem., Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn Univ., Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Bennett L Leventhal
- Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research.,New York University Dept of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
| | - Hiroshi Ohtsu
- Tohoku University, Graduate School of Engineering, Sendai, Japan
| | - Michael H Bloch
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine.,Department of Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine
| | - Zoë A Hughes
- Neuroscience Research Unit, Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, MA
| | - John H Krystal
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine
| | - Linda Mayes
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine.,Department of Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine.,Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine.,Department of Psychology, Yale University School of Medicine
| | - Ivan de Araujo
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine.,John B. Pierce Laboratory, New Haven, CT
| | - Yu-Shin Ding
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine
| | - Matthew W State
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine.,Department of Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine.,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine.,Department of Program on Neurogenetics, Yale University School of Medicine
| | - Christopher Pittenger
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine.,Department of Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine.,Department of Psychology, Yale University School of Medicine.,Integrated Neuroscience Research Program; New Haven, CT 06520
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37
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Mehta AN, Willey C, Crowley M, Anderson J, Chen D, Crossman D, Necchi A, di Lorenzo G, Eigl BJ, Lee RJ, Harshman LC, Dorff TB, Galsky MD, Milowsky MI, Bolger G, DeShazo M, Naik G, Grizzle WE, Sonpavde G. Integrated comprehensive high-throughput kinomics profiling and whole exome sequencing of penile squamous cell cancer (PSCC). J Clin Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2014.32.4_suppl.383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
383 Background: Molecular drivers in penile squamous cell cancer (PSCC), an orphan malignancy, remain unclear. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) is not studying PSCC and the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) investigators have reported only targeted analyses of PSCC. We report the first integrated analyses of comprehensive kinomics and whole exome sequencing (seq) in tumors from patients (pts) with PSCC . Methods: We performed integrated functional kinomics profiling and comprehensive exome-seq of two frozen tissue samples from men with PSCC with a matched normal tissue procured from the Cooperative Human Tissue Network (CHTN). Kinomic profiling was performed using the PamStation 12 high-content phospho-peptide substrate microarray system (PamGene International). The protein tyrosine kinome and serine/threonine kinome PamChips were used to measure global kinase activity by detecting phosphorylation of various peptides through FITC-labeled antibodies. Upstream kinase prediction was performed using a scoring algorithm that incorporates the phosphonet database (www.phosphonet.ca). Exome capture was performed with the Agilent SureSelect v5 kit and whole exome-seq was done on the Illumina HiSeq2000 with paired end 100bp chemistry. Results: In the single patient, paired kinomics analysis comparing the tumor sample to adjacent normal tissue, the HER family (EGFR, ERBB2, 3 and 4), AXL, TYRO3 and SYK kinases were the most active. When combining the two tumors in an unpaired analysis against the normal sample, the HER (EGFR, ERBB2, 3 and 4), MER, FRK, and FAK, kinases showed increased activity. When comparing whole exome-seq of the two PSCC samples with normal, among the affected genes were CCDC181, ZNF717, MUC4, HGC6.3, NOTCH1, STK11, SIRPB1, SKA3, PDE6B, FAT1, CACNA2D1, USP17L11, MNT, and CEP89. We are evaluating 10 PSCC tumors and matched normal tissue by kinomics and whole exome-seq and will present these complete data and analysis at the conference. Conclusions: In our preliminary analysis of pts that underwent the first reported integrated kinomics and whole exome-seq performed in PSCC, we identified multiple potential therapeutic targets in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrea Necchi
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Matt D. Galsky
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | | | - William E. Grizzle
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Guru Sonpavde
- University of Alabama, Birmingham (UAB) Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL
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38
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Szymanska Mroczek E, Ippolito G, Zemlin M, Hwangpo T, Brand M, Zhuang Y, Crossman D, Osborne J, Schneider D, Liu C, Lefkowitz E, Crowley M, Georgiou G, Brown E, Schroeder, Jr. H. Phenotypic analysis of B cell subsets in HLA*B44 positive identical twins discordant for common variable immunodeficiency and recurrent sino-pulmonary infection (P3331). The Journal of Immunology 2013. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.190.supp.175.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Depressed serum immunoglobulin levels (sIgs) and recurrent sinopulmonary infections mark Common Variable Immune Deficiency (CVID). Many family members of CVID patients also suffer recurrent sinopulmonary infection (RESPI) but have normal sIg. We identified HLAB44 positive identical female twins who suffer sinopulmonary infections and are discordant for CVID and RESPI. Flow cytometry subsets showed equivalent numbers of immature B cells (BC) in both twins, but lower numbers of transitional and mature BC in the CVID twin. Deep sequencing of the immunoglobulin (Ig) repertoires expressed by the transitional and mature BC showed a significant divergence in the utilization of VH1 and VH4 family gene segments, with CVID favoring VH4 and RESPI VH1. RESPI twin used JH6 more frequently, whereas CVID twin used JH3. The amino acid composition of CDR-H3 repertoire was compared with a control; the twin and control tyrosine usage in transitional BC was similar (~15%) but greatly diverged in mature BC (control 15%, RESPI 25%, CVID < 10%). Whole genome sequencing revealed homozygosity for a rare CD21 S639N polymorphism and heterozygosity for CD19 L174V. These findings suggest that in addition to an acquired block in BC development at the transitional stage, the CVID twin produces an Ig repertoire that is markedly depleted of tyrosine. This may explain why the function of the Ig repertoire in CVID is more impaired than what might be expected by sIgs levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gregory Ippolito
- 2Chemical and Molecular Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Michael Zemlin
- 3Pediatrics, University Hospital at Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Tracy Hwangpo
- 4Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Marsha Brand
- 4Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Yingxin Zhuang
- 4Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - David Crossman
- 5Genetics Research Division, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - John Osborne
- 1Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - David Schneider
- 6Biochemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Cunren Liu
- 4Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Elliot Lefkowitz
- 1Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Michael Crowley
- 5Genetics Research Division, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - George Georgiou
- 2Chemical and Molecular Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Elizabeth Brown
- 7Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Harry Schroeder, Jr.
- 4Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
- 1Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
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Bhandiwad AR, Cummings KW, Crowley M, Woodard PK. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance with an MR compatible pacemaker. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2013; 15:18. [PMID: 23409835 PMCID: PMC3579751 DOI: 10.1186/1532-429x-15-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) within FDA guidelines for the MRI-conditional pacemaker precludes placing the heart at the center of the magnet's bore. This in effect appears to preclude cardiovascular MR. In this manuscript, we describe a protocol for cardiovascular MR of patients with a Revo pacemaker system while operating within FDA guidelines, and the first US case of cardiovascular MR in a patient with a Revo MRI-conditional pacing system despite position constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita R Bhandiwad
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 1020 N. Mason Road, Suite 100, Saint Louis, MO, 63141, USA
| | - Kristopher W Cummings
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michael Crowley
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Pamela K Woodard
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
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40
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Duell BL, Carey AJ, Tan CK, Cui X, Webb RI, Totsika M, Schembri MA, Derrington P, Irving-Rodgers H, Brooks AJ, Cripps AW, Crowley M, Ulett GC. Innate transcriptional networks activated in bladder in response to uropathogenic Escherichia coli drive diverse biological pathways and rapid synthesis of IL-10 for defense against bacterial urinary tract infection. J Immunol 2011; 188:781-92. [PMID: 22184725 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1101231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Early transcriptional activation events that occur in bladder immediately following bacterial urinary tract infection (UTI) are not well defined. In this study, we describe the whole bladder transcriptome of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) cystitis in mice using genome-wide expression profiling to define the transcriptome of innate immune activation stemming from UPEC colonization of the bladder. Bladder RNA from female C57BL/6 mice, analyzed using 1.0 ST-Affymetrix microarrays, revealed extensive activation of diverse sets of innate immune response genes, including those that encode multiple IL-family members, receptors, metabolic regulators, MAPK activators, and lymphocyte signaling molecules. These were among 1564 genes differentially regulated at 2 h postinfection, highlighting a rapid and broad innate immune response to bladder colonization. Integrative systems-level analyses using InnateDB (http://www.innatedb.com) bioinformatics and ingenuity pathway analysis identified multiple distinct biological pathways in the bladder transcriptome with extensive involvement of lymphocyte signaling, cell cycle alterations, cytoskeletal, and metabolic changes. A key regulator of IL activity identified in the transcriptome was IL-10, which was analyzed functionally to reveal marked exacerbation of cystitis in IL-10-deficient mice. Studies of clinical UTI revealed significantly elevated urinary IL-10 in patients with UPEC cystitis, indicating a role for IL-10 in the innate response to human UTI. The whole bladder transcriptome presented in this work provides new insight into the diversity of innate factors that determine UTI on a genome-wide scale and will be valuable for further data mining. Identification of protective roles for other elements in the transcriptome will provide critical new insight into the complex cascade of events that underpin UTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin L Duell
- School of Medical Sciences, Centre for Medicine and Oral Health, Griffith University Gold Coast Campus, Queensland 4222, Australia
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41
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Keutgen XM, Filicori F, Crowley M, Buitrago D, Scognamiglio T, Zarnegar R, Elemento O, Fahey TJ. A panel of four microRNAs accurately differentiates benign from malignant indeterminate thyroid lesions on fine needle aspiration. J Am Coll Surg 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2011.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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42
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Buitrago D, Keutgen XM, Crowley M, Filicori F, Aldailami H, Hoda R, Liu YF, Hoda RS, Scognamiglio T, Jin M, Fahey TJ, Zarnegar R. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is upregulated in aggressive papillary thyroid carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2011; 19:973-80. [PMID: 21879273 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-011-2029-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is implicated in carcinogenesis. In this study we examined the expression of ICAM-1 in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). We hypothesized that ICAM-1 correlates with indicators of tumor aggressiveness in PTC. METHODS Thirty-five primary and metastatic PTCs, five follicular adenomas, five Hashimoto thyroiditis, five nodular hyperplasia, and eight normal thyroid tissue samples were analyzed for ICAM-1 gene expression using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). ICAM-1 gene expression was analyzed at protein level by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using a semiquantitative score. Gene expression and intensity levels were correlated with markers of tumor aggressiveness including BRAF V600E mutation, tumor size, extrathyroidal extension (ETE), angiolymphatic invasion, and lymph node metastasis. RESULTS ICAM-1 gene expression was higher in PTC (p = 0.01) and lymph node metastases (p = 0.03) when compared with benign tumors and Hashimoto's. Furthermore, PTCs exhibiting BRAF V600E mutation (p = 0.01), ETE (p < 0.01), and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.02) were associated with higher ICAM-1 levels. Gene expression correlated with protein levels on IHC. Additionally, poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma had a higher ICAM-1 intensity score compared with well-differentiated carcinoma (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS ICAM-1 expression is upregulated in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Furthermore, ICAM-1 upregulation correlated with aggressive tumor features such as BRAF V600E mutation, ETE, and lymph node metastasis, suggesting that ICAM-1 plays a role in thyroid cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Buitrago
- Division of Endocrine and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
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43
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Murphy AG, Roberts-Thomson R, O'Sullivan-Coyne G, Crowley M, Bystricky B, Moylan E, O'Reilly S. Multicenter review of fertility preservation and contraceptive information provided to cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.e19640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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44
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Ulett GC, Webb RI, Ulett KB, Cui X, Benjamin WH, Crowley M, Schembri MA. Group B Streptococcus (GBS) urinary tract infection involves binding of GBS to bladder uroepithelium and potent but GBS-specific induction of interleukin 1alpha. J Infect Dis 2010; 201:866-70. [PMID: 20132033 DOI: 10.1086/650696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) causes urinary tract infections, but the pathogenic mechanisms underlying GBS urinary tract infections are unknown. We investigated whether uropathogenic GBS can bind to bladder uroepithelium to initiate urinary tract infection. Uropathogenic GBS isolated from a patient with acute cystitis bound to human T24 bladder uroepithelial cells in close association with F-actin in statistically significantly higher numbers compared with nonuropathogenic GBS. In vivo modeling using transurethrally infected mice revealed superior fitness of uropathogenic GBS for bladder colonization and potent uropathogenic GBS-specific up-regulation of interleukin 1alpha during infection. Thus, binding of uropathogenic GBS to uroepithelium and vigorous induction of interleukin 1alpha represents the initial stages of GBS urinary tract infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glen C Ulett
- Departments of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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45
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Urbanic J, Clark H, Chiles C, Case D, Hinson W, Hampton C, Kearns W, Crowley M, Clark P, Blackstock A. Initial Toxicity Report of a Phase II Study of Radiofrequency Ablation Combined with External Beam Radiation Therapy for Patients with Medically Inoperable Non–small Cell Lung Cancer (Stages IA and Select B). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.07.1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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46
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Piras A, Vayalil P, Wilson L, Kuo H, Crowley M, Page GP, Meleth S, Lamartiniere C, Kim H, Barnes S. Evolution of the Krebs cycle during the prepubertal‐pubertal transition in rat mammary gland. FASEB J 2009. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.678.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Piras
- Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL
- UAB Center for Nutrient‐Gene InteractionBirminghamAL
| | - Praveen Vayalil
- Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL
- UAB Center for Nutrient‐Gene InteractionBirminghamAL
| | - Landon Wilson
- Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL
- UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center Mass Spectrometry/Proteomics Shared FacilityBirminghamAL
| | - Hui‐Chien Kuo
- UAB Center for Nutrient‐Gene InteractionBirminghamAL
- Medicine
| | - Michael Crowley
- UAB Center for Nutrient‐Gene InteractionBirminghamAL
- Genetics
| | - Grier P. Page
- UAB Center for Nutrient‐Gene InteractionBirminghamAL
- BiostatisticsUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL
| | | | - Coral Lamartiniere
- Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL
- UAB Center for Nutrient‐Gene InteractionBirminghamAL
| | - Helen Kim
- Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL
- UAB Center for Nutrient‐Gene InteractionBirminghamAL
| | - Stephen Barnes
- Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL
- UAB Center for Nutrient‐Gene InteractionBirminghamAL
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48
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the physicochemical properties of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and guaifenesin containing beads prepared by a melt-extrusion process and film-coated with a methacrylic acid copolymer. Solubility parameter calculations, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to determine drug/polymer miscibility and/or the thermal processibility of the systems. Powder blends of guaifenesin, PEO and functional excipients were processed using a melt-extrusion and spheronization technique and then film-coated in a fluidized bed apparatus. Solubility parameter calculations were used to predict miscibility between PEO and guaifenesin, and miscibility was confirmed by SEM and observation of a single melting point for extruded drug/polymer blends during MDSC investigations. The drug was stable following melt-extrusion as determined by TGA and HPLC; however, drug release rate from pellets decreased upon storage in sealed HDPE containers with silica desiccants at 40 degrees C/75% RH. The weight loss on drying, porosity and tortuosity determinations were not influenced by storage. Recrystallization of guaifenesin and PEO was confirmed by SEM and XRPD. Additionally, the pellets exhibited a change in adhesion behaviour during dissolution testing. The addition of ethylcellulose to the extruded powder blend decreased and stabilized the drug release rate from the thermally processed pellets. The current study also demonstrated film-coating to be an efficient process for providing melt-extruded beads with pH-dependent drug release properties that were stable upon storage at accelerated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chistopher R Young
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 130 Waverly Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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49
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Crowley M, Asif P, D'Souza G. 70. Evaluation of the Incidence of Intra-Vascular Needle Placement for Single Shot Lumbar Plexus Blockade. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1136/rapm-00115550-200809001-00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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50
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Crowley M, Asif P, D'Souza G. 78. Electrocardiogram (ECG) Monitor “Pacing” Interference from a Peripheral Nerve Stimulator When Performing a Peripheral Nerve Block. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1136/rapm-00115550-200809001-00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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