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Lindemann C, Schunk M, Keßler L, Bierbaum T, Eichinger M, Farin-Glattacker E, Geraedts M, Härter M, Heytens H, Meusch A, Schoffer O, van den Berg N, Christian Vollmar H, von Kutzleben M, Hoffmann W, Schmitt J. [Does the Innovation Fund Improve Healthcare Provision? A Critical Assessment of the Status of Implementing Successful Innovation Fund Projects into Healthcare Practice]. Gesundheitswesen 2024. [PMID: 38365218 DOI: 10.1055/a-2270-3537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since 2015, the Federal Joint Committee (G-BA)'s Innovation Fund has been supporting projects in health services research and new health service models ("Neue Versorgungsformen", NVF). By the end of 2022, 211 projects in the NVF category had been funded. A key objective is the transfer of successful projects into standard care. This article analyzes previous projects regarding their incorporation into routine care based on transfer recommendations of the Innovation Fund Committee ("Innovationsausschuss" IA). METHOD Descriptive analysis of all projects completed by August 1, 2023 with transfer recommendations in the "NVF" funding stream. Presentation by topic, project duration, time until IA transfer decision, categorization, and number of institutions and organizations (recipients) addressed per project, their feedback published on the G-BA website, response rates per recipient group, and a content classification and interpretation of exemplary feedback. Recommendations based on the results and their discussion in an expert workshop. RESULTS Out of 57 NVF projects, 17 had a transfer recommendation. A total of 57 feedback responses were received from a total of 431 recipients addressed by the IA across these projects. Response rates varied significantly. One-third of inquiries to the G-BA and its member organizations received a response (31%), while only every fifth inquiry to federal states (18%) and professional societies (18%) got a response. Less than one in ten inquiries to the Federal Ministry of Health (8%), administrative bodies (6%), and the German Medical Association (0%) received a response. Project-specific feedback within a recipient group was often contradictory or limited to regional scope. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The transfer process reveals significant structural and procedural obstacles regarding the incorporation of projects evaluated as successful into routine health care. To ensure that funding from the innovation fund is most effectively used, there needs to be a realistic chance of successful transfer of positive project outcomes into routine care. The DNVF recommends stronger involvement of rule-competent institutions, mandatory publication of responses, structured moderation of the transfer process, expanding types of selective contracts, financing of implementation phases and of studies drawing on results across successful NVF projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Lindemann
- Center for Health Care Research & Public Health, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Institut und Poliklinik für Medizinische Psychologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michaela Schunk
- Fakultät für Angewandte Gesundheits- und Sozialwissenschaften, Technische Hochschule Rosenheim, Rosenheim, Germany
| | - Laura Keßler
- Geschäftsstelle, Deutsches Netzwerk Versorgungsforschung (DNVF) e.V., Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Bierbaum
- Geschäftsstelle, Deutsches Netzwerk Versorgungsforschung (DNVF) e.V., Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Eichinger
- Zentrum für Präventivmedizin und Digitale Gesundheit, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, Germany
- Institut für Medizinische Biometrie, Epidemiologie und Informatik, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Mainz, germany
| | - Erik Farin-Glattacker
- Institut für Sozialmedizin und Gesundheitssystemforschung, Otto-von-Guericke-Universitat Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Max Geraedts
- Center for Health Care Research & Public Health, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Härter
- Institut und Poliklinik für Medizinische Psychologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Geschäftsstelle, Deutsches Netzwerk Versorgungsforschung (DNVF) e.V., Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Heytens
- Institut für Sozialmedizin und Gesundheitssystemforschung, Otto-von-Guericke-Universitat Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Olaf Schoffer
- Zentrum für Evidenzbasierte Gesundheitsversorgung, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Neeltje van den Berg
- Institut für Community Medicine, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Milena von Kutzleben
- Abteilung Organisationsbezogene Versorgungsforschung, Department für Versorgungsforschung, Fakultät für Medizin und Gesundheitswissenschaften, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hoffmann
- Institut für Community Medicine, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Geschäftsstelle, Deutsches Netzwerk Versorgungsforschung (DNVF) e.V., Berlin, Germany
| | - Jochen Schmitt
- Zentrum für Evidenzbasierte Gesundheitsversorgung, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Geschäftsstelle, Deutsches Netzwerk Versorgungsforschung (DNVF) e.V., Berlin, Germany
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von Kutzleben M, Baumgart V, Fink A, Harst L, Wicking N, Tsarouha E, Pohontsch NJ, Schunk M. [Mixed Methods Studies in Health Services Research: Requirements, Challenges and the Question of Integration - a Discussion Paper from the Perspective of Qualitative Researchers]. Gesundheitswesen 2023; 85:741-749. [PMID: 37253371 PMCID: PMC10444519 DOI: 10.1055/a-2022-8326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
With this discussion paper, the subgroup Mixed Methods of the working group Qualitative Research Methods in the non-profit organization German Network Health Services Research (DNVF) is taking up the topic of three previous discussion papers on the significance and potentials of qualitative research methods in health services research. Mixed methods are being increasingly used and demanded in health services research. However, there are also areas of conflict in the planning and implementation of mixed methods studies, and these are addressed in this paper from the perspective of qualitative research. Special attention is given to the aspect of integration as the fundamental signature of mixed methods research. With this discussion paper, our aim was to stimulate critical as well as constructive exchange of ideas on what constitutes high-quality health services research characterised by a diversity of methods and the framework conditions under which this can succeed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena von Kutzleben
- Department für Versorgungsforschung, Abteilung
Organisationsbezogene Versorgungsforschung, Carl von Ossietzky Universitat
Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Verena Baumgart
- Department für Angewandte Gesundheitswissenschaften,
Studienbereich Ergotherapie, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum, Bochum,
Germany
| | - Astrid Fink
- Fachbereich Gesundheit, Kreis Groß-Gerau, Groß-Gerau,
Germany
| | - Lorenz Harst
- Zentrum für Evidenzbasierte Gesundheitsversorgung, Medizinische
Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus an der Technischen Universität
Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nele Wicking
- Zahnärztliche Professionsforschung, Institut der Deutschen
Zahnärzte, Koln, Germany
| | - Elena Tsarouha
- Institut für Arbeitsmedizin, Sozialmedizin und
Versorgungsforschung, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tubingen,
Germany
| | | | - Michaela Schunk
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Palliativmedizin, LMU Medizinische
Fakultät, München, Germany
- Fakultät für Angewandte Gesundheits- und
Sozialwissenschaften, Technische Hochschule Rosenheim, Germany
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Seidl H, Schunk M, Le L, Syunyaeva Z, Streitwieser S, Berger U, Mansmann U, Szentes BL, Bausewein C, Schwarzkopf L. Cost-Effectiveness of a Specialized Breathlessness Service Versus Usual Care for Patients With Advanced Diseases. Value Health 2023; 26:81-90. [PMID: 36182632 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Munich Breathlessness Service (MBS) significantly improved control of breathlessness measured by the Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire (CRQ) Mastery in a randomized controlled fast track trial with waitlist group design spanning 8 weeks in Germany. This study aimed to assess the within-trial cost-effectiveness of MBS from a societal perspective. METHODS Data included generic (5-level version of EQ-5D) health-related quality of life and disease-specific CRQ Mastery. Quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were calculated based on 5-level version of EQ-5D utilities valued with German time trade-off. Direct medical costs and productivity loss were calculated based on standardized unit costs. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) and cost-effectiveness-acceptance curves were calculated using adjusted mean differences (AMD) in costs (gamma-distributed model) and both effect parameters (Gaussian-distributed model) and performing 1000 simultaneous bootstrap replications. Potential gender differences were investigated in stratified analyses. RESULTS Between March 2014 and April 2019, 183 eligible patients were enrolled. MBS intervention demonstrated significantly better effects regarding generic (AMD of QALY gains of 0.004, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.0003 to 0.008) and disease-specific health-related quality of life at nonsignificantly higher costs (AMD of €605 [95% CI -1109 to 2550]). At the end of the intervention, the ICER was €152 433/QALY (95% CI -453 545 to 1 625 903) and €1548/CRQ Mastery point (95% CI -3093 to 10 168). Intervention costs were on average €357 (SD = 132). Gender-specific analyses displayed dominance for MBS in males and higher effects coupled with significantly higher costs in females. CONCLUSIONS Our results show a high ICER for MBS. Considering dominance for MBS in males, implementing MBS on approval within the German health care system should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hildegard Seidl
- Health Economics and Health Care Management (IGM) Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH) German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany; Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany; Quality Management and Gender Medicine, München Klinik gGmbH, Munich, Germany.
| | - Michaela Schunk
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany; Department of Palliative Medicine, LMU Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lien Le
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Zulfiya Syunyaeva
- Department of Medicine V, LMU Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine and Cystic Fibrosis Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabine Streitwieser
- Department of Palliative Medicine, LMU Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ursula Berger
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany; Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Mansmann
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany; Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Boglarka Lilla Szentes
- Health Economics and Health Care Management (IGM) Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH) German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Bausewein
- Department of Palliative Medicine, LMU Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Larissa Schwarzkopf
- Health Economics and Health Care Management (IGM) Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH) German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany; Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany; IFT-Institut fuer Therapieforschung, Munich, Germany
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Icks A, Stöbel S, Thorand B, Holle R, Laxy M, Schunk M, Neumann A, Wasem J, Gontscharuk V, Chernyak N. Self-care time and rating of health state in persons with diabetes: results from the population-based KORA survey in Germany. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2022; 20:163. [PMID: 36514069 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-022-02068-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The amount of empirical research on whether people in fact include health-related changes in leisure time into health state valuations is limited and the results are inconclusive. In this exploratory study, we analyse whether time aspects of diabetes self-care might explain the ratings of the health state (HSR) in addition to the effects of physical and mental health-related quality of life. METHODS Using the data from participants with diagnosed type 2 diabetes in the population-based KORA FF4 study (n = 190, 60% Male, mean age 69 ± 10 years), multiple logistic regression models were fitted to explain HSR (good vs. poor) in terms of the SF-12 physical and mental component summary (PCS and MCS) scores, time spent on diabetes self-care and a number of background variables. RESULTS There was no significant association between time spent on diabetes self-care and HSR in models without interaction. Significant interaction term was found between the SF-12 PCS score and time spent on self-care. In models with interaction self-care time has a small, but significant impact on the HSR. In particular, for a PCS score under 40, more time increases the chance to rate the health state as "good", while for a PCS score above 40 there is a reverse effect. CONCLUSIONS The additional impact of self-care time on HSR in our sample is small and seems to interact with physical health-related quality of life. More research is needed on whether inclusion of health-related leisure time changes in the denominator of cost-effectiveness analysis is sufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Icks
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany. .,Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany. .,German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Simon Stöbel
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Barbara Thorand
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rolf Holle
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Laxy
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany.,Department for Public Health and Prevention, Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, TUM Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michaela Schunk
- Katholische Stiftungshochschule München (KSH München) University of Applied Sciences, Munich, Germany
| | - Anja Neumann
- Institute for Health Care Management and Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Wasem
- Institute for Health Care Management and Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Veronika Gontscharuk
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nadja Chernyak
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
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5
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Götze K, Bausewein C, Feddersen B, Fuchs A, Hot A, Hummers E, Icks A, Kirchner Ä, Kleinert E, Klosterhalfen S, Kolbe H, Laag S, Langner H, Lezius S, Meyer G, Montalbo J, Nauck F, Reisinger C, Rieder N, Schildmann J, Schunk M, Stanze H, Vogel C, Wegscheider K, Zapf A, Marckmann G, in der Schmitten J, Albert A, Alheid C, Bausewein C, Bruene M, Calles C, Camci H, Daubmann A, Dahlke S, Enger S, Feddersen B, Felder G, Fluck C, Freienstein A, Freytag T, Fuchs A, Icks A, in der Schmitten J, Hensel L, Hummers E, Hot A, Kirchner Ä, Kleinert E, Klosterhalfen S, Kolbe H, Laag S, Langner H, Lezius S, Marckmann G, Meyer G, Montalbo J, Nauck F, Nguyen T, Nowak A, Ossenberg M, Reisinger C, Reuter S, Rieder N, Riester T, Rosu I, Rösgen H, Salanta K, Sassi Z, Schildmann J, Schulenberg T, Schunk M, Sommer D, Stanze H, Stöhr A, Theuerkauf A, Thilo N, Tönjann J, Partowinia-Peters M, Prommersberger S, Przybylla S, Vogel C, Vomhof M, Wilken J, Zapf A, Zimprich J. Effectiveness of a complex regional advance care planning intervention to improve care consistency with care preferences: study protocol for a multi-center, cluster-randomized controlled trial focusing on nursing home residents (BEVOR trial). Trials 2022; 23:770. [PMID: 36096948 PMCID: PMC9465132 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06576-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background According to recent legislation, facilitated advance care planning (ACP) for nursing home (NH) residents is covered by German sickness funds. However, the effects of ACP on patient-relevant outcomes have not been studied in Germany yet. This study investigates whether implementing a complex regional ACP intervention improves care consistency with care preferences in NH residents. Methods This is a parallel-group cluster-randomized controlled trial (cRCT) with 48 NHs (≈ 3840 resident beds) between 09/2019 and 02/2023. The intervention group will receive a complex, regional ACP intervention aiming at sustainable systems redesign at all levels (individual, institutional, regional). The intervention comprises comprehensive training of ACP facilitators, implementation of reliable ACP processes, organizational development in the NH and other relevant institutions of the regional healthcare system, and education of health professionals caring for the residents. Control group NHs will deliver care as usual. Primary outcome is the hospitalization rate during the 12-months observation period. Secondary outcomes include the rate of residents whose preferences were known and honored in potentially life-threatening events, hospital days, index treatments like resuscitation and artificial ventilation, advance directives, quality of life, psychological burden on bereaved families, and costs of care. The NHs will provide anonymous, aggregated data of all their residents on the primary outcome and several secondary outcomes (data collection 1). For residents who have given informed consent, we will evaluate care consistency with care preferences and further secondary outcomes, based on chart reviews and short interviews with residents, surrogates, and carers (data collection 2). Process evaluation will aim to explain barriers and facilitators, economic evaluation the cost implications. Discussion This study has the potential for high-quality evidence on the effects of a complex regional ACP intervention on NH residents, their families and surrogates, NH staff, and health care utilization in Germany. It is the first cRCT investigating a comprehensive regional ACP intervention that aims at improving patient-relevant clinical outcomes, addressing and educating multiple institutions and health care providers, besides qualification of ACP facilitators. Thereby, it can generate evidence on the potential of ACP to effectively promote patient-centered care in the vulnerable population of frail and often chronically ill elderly. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT04333303. Registered 30 March 2020. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13063-022-06576-3.
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Schunk M, Berger U, Le L, Rehfuess E, Schwarzkopf L, Streitwieser S, Müller T, Hofmann M, Holle R, Huber RM, Mansmann U, Bausewein C. BreathEase: rationale, design and recruitment of a randomised trial and embedded mixed-methods study of a multiprofessional breathlessness service in early palliative care. ERJ Open Res 2021; 7:00228-2020. [PMID: 34671668 PMCID: PMC8521025 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00228-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Munich Breathlessness Service has adapted novel support services to the German context, to reduce burden in patients and carers from breathlessness in advanced disease. It has been evaluated in a pragmatic fast-track randomised controlled trial (BreathEase; NCT02622412) with embedded qualitative interviews and postal survey. The aim of this article is to describe the intervention model and study design, analyse recruitment to the trial and compare sample characteristics with other studies in the field. Methods Analysis of recruitment pathways and enrolment, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of participants and carers. Results Out of 439 people screened, 253 (58%) were offered enrolment and 183 (42%) participated. n=97 (70%) carers participated. 186 (42%) people did not qualify for inclusion, mostly because breathlessness could not be attributed to an underlying disease. All participants were self-referring; 60% through media sources. Eligibility and willingness to participate were associated to social networks and illness-related activities as recruitment routes. Mean age of participants was 71 years (51% women), with COPD (63%), chronic heart failure (8%), interstitial lung disease (9%), pulmonary hypertension (6%) and cancer (7%) as underlying conditions. Postal survey response rate was 89%. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 16 patients and nine carers. Conclusion The BreathEase study has a larger and more heterogeneous sample compared to other trials. The self-referral-based and prolonged recruitment drawing on media sources approximates real-world conditions of early palliative care. Integrating qualitative and quantitative components will allow a better understanding and interpretation of the results of the main effectiveness study. The BreathEase study, a mixed-methods pragmatic RCT evaluating the Munich Breathlessness Service, included a heterogeneous sample that approximates real-world conditions of early palliative care, and ran qualitative and quantitative trial siblingshttps://bit.ly/375nCMO
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Schunk
- Dept of Palliative Medicine, LMU Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Ursula Berger
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lien Le
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Eva Rehfuess
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Larissa Schwarzkopf
- Health Economics and Health Care Management (IGM), Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany.,Institut für Therapieforschung, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Müller
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Miriam Hofmann
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rolf Holle
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany.,Health Economics and Health Care Management (IGM), Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Rudolf Maria Huber
- Dept of Medicine V, LMU Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL, CPC-M), Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Mansmann
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Bausewein
- Dept of Palliative Medicine, LMU Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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7
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Schunk M, Le L, Syunyaeva Z, Haberland B, Tänzler S, Mansmann U, Schwarzkopf L, Seidl H, Streitwieser S, Hofmann M, Müller T, Weiß T, Morawietz P, Rehfuess EA, Huber RM, Berger U, Bausewein C. Effectiveness of a specialised breathlessness service for patients with advanced disease in Germany: a pragmatic fast-track randomised controlled trial (BreathEase). Eur Respir J 2021; 58:13993003.02139-2020. [PMID: 33509957 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02139-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effectiveness of the Munich Breathlessness Service (MBS), integrating palliative care, respiratory medicine and physiotherapy, was tested in the BreathEase trial in patients with chronic breathlessness in advanced disease and their carers. METHODS BreathEase was a single-blinded randomised controlled fast-track trial. The MBS was attended for 5-6 weeks; the control group started the MBS after 8 weeks of standard care. Randomisation was stratified by cancer and the presence of a carer. Primary outcomes were patients' mastery of breathlessness (Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire (CRQ) Mastery), quality of life (CRQ QoL), symptom burden (Integrated Palliative care Outcome Scale (IPOS)) and carer burden (Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI)). Intention-to-treat (ITT) analyses were conducted with hierarchical testing. Effectiveness was investigated by linear regression on change scores, adjusting for baseline scores and stratification variables. Missing values were handled with multiple imputation. RESULTS 92 patients were randomised to the intervention group and 91 patients were randomised to the control group. Before the follow-up assessment after 8 weeks (T1), 17 and five patients dropped out from the intervention and control groups, respectively. Significant improvements in CRQ Mastery of 0.367 (95% CI 0.065-0.669) and CRQ QoL of 0.226 (95% CI 0.012-0.440) score units at T1 in favour of the intervention group were seen in the ITT analyses (n=183), but not in IPOS. Exploratory testing showed nonsignificant improvements in ZBI. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate positive effects of the MBS in reducing burden caused by chronic breathlessness in advanced illness across a wide range of patients. Further evaluation in subgroups of patients and with a longitudinal perspective is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Schunk
- Dept of Palliative Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany .,Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Lien Le
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Zulfiya Syunyaeva
- Dept of Medicine V, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Birgit Haberland
- Dept of Palliative Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne Tänzler
- Dept of Palliative Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Mansmann
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany.,Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Larissa Schwarzkopf
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich, Munich, Germany.,Health Economics and Health Care Management (IGM), Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH), German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany.,IFT (Institut für Therapieforschung), Munich, Germany
| | - Hildegard Seidl
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany.,Health Economics and Health Care Management (IGM), Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH), German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany.,Quality Management and Gender Medicine, München Klinik gGmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabine Streitwieser
- Dept of Palliative Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Miriam Hofmann
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Müller
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Weiß
- Atem-und Physiotherapie Solln, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Eva Annette Rehfuess
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany.,Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rudolf Maria Huber
- Dept of Medicine V, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ursula Berger
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany.,Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Bausewein
- Dept of Palliative Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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8
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Huber J, Witti M, Schunk M, Fischer MR, Tolks D. The use of the online Inverted Classroom Model for digital teaching with gamification in medical studies. GMS J Med Educ 2021; 38:Doc3. [PMID: 33659608 PMCID: PMC7899094 DOI: 10.3205/zma001399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: In 2014, a newly designed, case-based seminar was successfully implemented in the subjects of health systems, health economics and public health care (GGG). The seminar "The Lonely Patient" is based on a real patient case and deals with the German health care system from the perspective of a patient. In order to create more space for discussion and exchange among students, the seminar was redesigned on the basis of the Inverted Classroom Method (ICM). Project description: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, new, purely digital teaching formats had to be developed quickly in the sense of Emergency Remote Teaching. Therefore, the Inverted Classroom concept of the seminar was transformed into an online ICM. In order to promote active learning based on the ICAP model (Interactive, Constructive, Active, Passive), the online face-to-face part was designed as a synchronous interactive learner-centered course using the gamified audience response system Kahoot! Results: Evaluation results to date and feedback rounds with students indicate that the online ICM-version of the seminar leads to at least as good evaluation results as the previous face-to-face course. In particular, the students positively emphasize the use of Kahoot! as an activating digital medium. Discussion: Through the use of the ICM and the gamified audience response system Kahoot!, students could be activated in meaningful ways. The resulting discussions about the patient case and teaching content of the quiz questions in the synchronous online course could be implemented just as well as in the classroom-based course of previous semesters. Conclusion: The application of the online ICM, along with the consideration of the ICAP Model, has led to the successful implementation of a digital course within the context of the increased difficulty surrounding the emergency remote teaching. Additionally, students' learning success has remained at a similar level as during traditional classroom-based courses of previous semesters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Huber
- LMU Klinikum München, Institut für Didaktik und Ausbildungsforschung in der Medizin, Munich, Germany
- *To whom correspondence should be addressed: Johanna Huber, LMU Klinikum München, Institut für Didaktik und Ausbildungsforschung in der Medizin, Ziemssenstr. 1, D-80336 Munich, Germany, E-mail:
| | - Matthias Witti
- LMU Klinikum München, Institut für Didaktik und Ausbildungsforschung in der Medizin, Munich, Germany
| | - Michaela Schunk
- LMU Klinikum München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Palliativmedizin, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin R. Fischer
- LMU Klinikum München, Institut für Didaktik und Ausbildungsforschung in der Medizin, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Tolks
- LMU Klinikum München, Institut für Didaktik und Ausbildungsforschung in der Medizin, Munich, Germany
- Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, Zentrum für Gesundheitswissenschaften, Lüneburg, Germany
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9
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Icks A, Haastert B, Arend W, Konein J, Thorand B, Holle R, Laxy M, Schunk M, Neumann A, Wasem J, Chernyak N, Dintsios CM. Patient time costs due to self-management in diabetes may be as high as direct medical costs: results from the population-based KORA survey FF4 in Germany. Diabet Med 2020; 37:895-897. [PMID: 31829456 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Icks
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University, Leibniz-Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - B Haastert
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- mediStatistica, Neuenrade, Germany
| | - W Arend
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - J Konein
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - B Thorand
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - R Holle
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - M Laxy
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
- Global Diabetes Research Center, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - M Schunk
- Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - A Neumann
- Institute for Health Care Management and Research, Essen University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - J Wasem
- Institute for Health Care Management and Research, Essen University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - N Chernyak
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University, Leibniz-Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ch-M Dintsios
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University, Leibniz-Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
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10
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Icks A, Haastert B, Arend W, Konein J, Thorand B, Holle R, Laxy M, Schunk M, Neumann A, Wasem J, Chernyak N. Time spent on self-management by people with diabetes: results from the population-based KORA survey in Germany. Diabet Med 2019; 36:970-981. [PMID: 30267540 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Time needed for health-related activities in people with diabetes is assumed to be substantial, yet available data are limited. Time spent on self-management and associated factors was analysed using cross-sectional data from people with diagnosed diabetes enrolled in a population-based study. METHODS Mean total time spent on self-management activities was estimated using a questionnaire for all participants with diagnosed diabetes in the KORA FF4 study (n = 227, 57% men, mean age 69.7, sd 9.9 years). Multiple two-part regression models were fitted to evaluate associated factors. Multiple imputation was performed to adjust for bias due to missing values. RESULTS Some 86% of participants reported spending time on self-management activities during the past week. Over the entire sample, a mean of 149 (sd 241) min/week were spent on self-management-activities. People with insulin or oral anti-hyperglycaemic drug treatment, better diabetes education, HbA1c 48 to < 58 mmol/mol (6.5% to < 7.5%) or lower quality of life, spent more time on self-management activities. For example, people without anti-hyperglycaemic medication invested 66 min/week in self-management, whereas those taking insulin and oral anti-hyperglycaemic drugs invested 269 min/week (adjusted ratio 4.34, 95% confidence interval 1.85-10.18). CONCLUSIONS Time spent on self-management activities by people with diabetes was substantial and varied with an individual's characteristics. Because of the small sample size and missing values, the results should be interpreted in an explorative manner. Nevertheless, time needed for self-management activities should be routinely considered because it may affect diabetes self-care and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Icks
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, German Diabetes Center at Heinrich-Heine-University, Leibniz-Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg
| | - B Haastert
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University
- mediStatistica, Neuenrade, Germany
| | - W Arend
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University
| | - J Konein
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University
| | - B Thorand
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg
| | - R Holle
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg
| | - M Laxy
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg
| | - M Schunk
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg
| | - A Neumann
- Institute for Health Care Management and Research, Essen University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen
| | - J Wasem
- Institute for Health Care Management and Research, Essen University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen
| | - N Chernyak
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, German Diabetes Center at Heinrich-Heine-University, Leibniz-Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf
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11
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Tolks D, Kiessling C, Wershofen B, Pudritz Y, Schunk M, Härtl A, Fischer MR, Huber J. [Learning from Mistakes using a Case-based Curriculum in Medical Education for Health Systems/health Economics and Public Health Care]. Gesundheitswesen 2019; 82:909-914. [PMID: 31185501 DOI: 10.1055/a-0894-4583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY There are hardly any concepts on how to impart knowledge about the own health system to students and to clarify the importance and practical relevance of the topic. The case-based approach and the errors described therein should highlight the relevance of the topic to the medical profession. METHODOLOGY A course concept was developed with focus on the practical relevance of the content to students. This was based on a method mix of game-based learning, case-based and cooperative learning. The seminar describes the path of a cancer patient through health care, an issue which, due to a lack of agreements and other interface problems, is dealt with unsatisfactorily. RESULTS Analyses showed that students (n=1162) had moderate interest in the topic of the seminar during both survey periods. However, they found the method of case-based learning to be good and rated the relevance of the topic as high. CONCLUSIONS The relevance of the topic complex GGG for later professional activity was apparently recognized by the students. The low motivation of the students to engage with this topic could be reduced, as confirmed by reports of the lecturers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Tolks
- Institut für Didaktik und Ausbildungsforschung in der Medizin, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München.,Zentrum fur Angewandte Gesundheitswissenschaften, Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, Lüneburg
| | - Claudia Kiessling
- Lehrstuhl für die Ausbildung personaler und interpersonaler Kompetenzen im Gesundheitswesen, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Witten
| | - Birgit Wershofen
- Institut für Didaktik und Ausbildungsforschung in der Medizin, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München
| | - Yvonne Pudritz
- Institut für Didaktik und Ausbildungsforschung in der Medizin, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München
| | - Michaela Schunk
- Institut für Didaktik und Ausbildungsforschung in der Medizin, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München
| | - Anja Härtl
- Abteilung Medizindidaktik Augsburg, Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Augsburg, Augsburg
| | - Martin R Fischer
- Institut für Didaktik und Ausbildungsforschung in der Medizin, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München
| | - Johanna Huber
- Institut für Didaktik und Ausbildungsforschung in der Medizin, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München
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12
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Schunk M, Schulze F, Bausewein C. What Constitutes Good Health Care for Patients with Breathlessness? Perspectives of Patients, Caregivers, and Health Care Professionals. J Palliat Med 2018; 22:656-662. [PMID: 30589622 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2018.0319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective: Breathlessness is a highly prevalent and distressing symptom in patients with cancer and advanced chronic diseases. Symptom management is often overlooked. We explored the experiences of patients, caregivers, and health care providers (HCPs) and their expectations for future service developments. Design: This is a multiperspective qualitative study drawing on semistructured interviews. Setting/Subjects: Participants were recruited from palliative, respiratory, and cardiology departments of the Munich University Hospital and from a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patient group. Measurements: Interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Subcategories used the directional views of participants (positive, negative, and indifferent). The coding tree identified three categories: (1) attributes of symptom management, (2) practice pattern gaps, and (3) components of good practice. Results: Ten patients (5 female, 65.2 median age; COPD n = 3, cancer n = 3, chronic heart failure n = 2, and lung fibrosis n = 2), 3 caregivers (2 female, 53.6 median age), and 10 HCPs were interviewed. Patients and caregivers felt stressed and frustrated due to a lack of awareness regarding the symptom burden and little support from HCPs. HCPs pointed to a lack of therapeutic concepts and unclear assumptions of responsibilities. Specialist breathlessness services are perceived as addressing important gaps in professional practice from the viewpoint of all stakeholders. Accessibility and collaboration with other local health care services are important features of such specialist services. Conclusions: Chronic refractory breathlessness in advanced disease is managed insufficiently for most patients, caregivers, and HCPs. Increased knowledge about effective interventions and availability of skills-based training for patients, caregivers, and HCPs would help in breathlessness management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Schunk
- 1 Department of Palliative Medicine, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Friederike Schulze
- 1 Department of Palliative Medicine, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,2 Center for Internal Medicine, Garmisch-Partenkirchen Medical Center, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
| | - Claudia Bausewein
- 1 Department of Palliative Medicine, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
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13
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Bächle C, Claessen H, Maier W, Tamayo T, Schunk M, Rückert-Eheberg IM, Holle R, Meisinger C, Moebus S, Jöckel KH, Schipf S, Völzke H, Hartwig S, Kluttig A, Kroll L, Linnenkamp U, Icks A. Regional differences in antihyperglycemic medication are not explained by individual socioeconomic status, regional deprivation, and regional health care services. Observational results from the German DIAB-CORE consortium. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191559. [PMID: 29370228 PMCID: PMC5784961 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS This population-based study sought to extend knowledge on factors explaining regional differences in type 2 diabetes mellitus medication patterns in Germany. METHODS Individual baseline and follow-up data from four regional population-based German cohort studies (SHIP [northeast], CARLA [east], HNR [west], KORA [south]) conducted between 1997 and 2010 were pooled and merged with both data on regional deprivation and regional health care services. To analyze regional differences in any or newer anti-hyperglycemic medication, medication prevalence ratios (PRs) were estimated using multivariable Poisson regression models with a robust error variance adjusted gradually for individual and regional variables. RESULTS The study population consisted of 1,437 people aged 45 to 74 years at baseline, (corresponding to 49 to 83 years at follow-up) with self-reported type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of receiving any anti-hyperglycemic medication was 16% higher in KORA (PR 1.16 [1.08-1.25]), 10% higher in CARLA (1.10 [1.01-1.18]), and 7% higher in SHIP (PR 1.07 [1.00-1.15]) than in HNR. The prevalence of receiving newer anti-hyperglycemic medication was 49% higher in KORA (1.49 [1.09-2.05]), 41% higher in CARLA (1.41 [1.02-1.96]) and 1% higher in SHIP (1.01 [0.72-1.41]) than in HNR, respectively. After gradual adjustment for individual variables, regional deprivation and health care services, the effects only changed slightly. CONCLUSIONS Neither comprehensive individual factors including socioeconomic status nor regional deprivation or indicators of regional health care services were able to sufficiently explain regional differences in anti-hyperglycemic treatment in Germany. To understand the underlying causes, further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Bächle
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, German Diabetes Centre, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Heiner Claessen
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, German Diabetes Centre, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Werner Maier
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Teresa Tamayo
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, German Diabetes Centre, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michaela Schunk
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ina-Maria Rückert-Eheberg
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rolf Holle
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christa Meisinger
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Moebus
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Sabine Schipf
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Saskia Hartwig
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Alexander Kluttig
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Lars Kroll
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Linnenkamp
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, German Diabetes Centre, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Icks
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, German Diabetes Centre, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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14
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Bausewein C, Schunk M, Schumacher P, Dittmer J, Bolzani A, Booth S. Breathlessness services as a new model of support for patients with respiratory disease. Chron Respir Dis 2017; 15:48-59. [PMID: 28718321 PMCID: PMC5802660 DOI: 10.1177/1479972317721557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The complexity of breathlessness in advanced disease requires a diversity of measures ideally tailored to the individual patient needs. ‘Breathlessness services’ have been systematically developed and tested to provide specific interventions and support for patients and their carers. The aim of this article is (1) to identify and describe components of breathlessness services and (2) to describe the clinical model of one specific service in more detail. This article is based on a systematic review evaluating randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs which examine the effectiveness of services aiming to improve breathlessness of patients with advanced disease. The Munich Breathlessness Service (MBS) is described in detail as an example of a recently set-up specialist service. Five service models were identified which were tested in six RCTs. Services varied regarding structure and composition with face-to-face meetings, some with additional telephone contacts. Service duration was median 6 weeks (range 2–12 weeks). Involved professions were nurses, various therapists and, in two models, also physicians. The breathing–thinking–functioning model was targeted by various service components. The MBS is run by a multi-professional team mainly with physicians and physiotherapists. Patients are seen weekly over 5–6 weeks with an individualized management plan. Breathlessness services are a new model for patients with advanced disease integrating symptom management and early access to palliative care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Bausewein
- 1 Department of Palliative Medicine, Munich University Hospital, München, Germany
| | - Michaela Schunk
- 1 Department of Palliative Medicine, Munich University Hospital, München, Germany
| | - Philipp Schumacher
- 1 Department of Palliative Medicine, Munich University Hospital, München, Germany
| | - Julika Dittmer
- 1 Department of Palliative Medicine, Munich University Hospital, München, Germany
| | - Anna Bolzani
- 1 Department of Palliative Medicine, Munich University Hospital, München, Germany
| | - Sara Booth
- 2 University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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15
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Schunk M, Reitmeir P, Rückert-Eheberg IM, Tamayo T, Schipf S, Meisinger C, Peters A, Scheidt-Nave C, Ellert U, Hartwig S, Kluttig A, Völzke H, Holle R. Longitudinal change in health-related quality of life in people with prevalent and incident type 2 diabetes compared to diabetes-free controls. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176895. [PMID: 28467489 PMCID: PMC5415190 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this analysis is to compare people with prevalent type 2 diabetes, incident type 2 diabetes and without diabetes with respect to longitudinal change in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) when adjusting for baseline determinants of HRQOL. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Primary baseline and follow-up data from three regional and one national population-based cohort studies in Germany were pooled for analysis. HRQOL was measured using physical and mental health summary scores (PCS and MCS) from the German version of the Short Form Health Survey with 36 or 12 items. Mean score change per observation year was compared between the three groups (prevalent diabetes, incident diabetes, no diabetes) based on linear regression models. RESULTS The analysis included pooled data from 5367 people aged 45-74 years at baseline. Of these, 85.5% reported no diabetes at baseline and follow-up, 6.3% reported diabetes at both baseline and follow-up (prevalent diabetes), and 8.2% reported diabetes only at follow-up (incident diabetes). Over a mean observation period of 8.7 years, annual decline in HRQOL scores is pronounced at 0.27-0.32 (PCS) and 0.34-0.38 (MCS) in the group with prevalent diabetes compared with people without diabetes. Those with incident diabetes showed intermediate values but did not differ significantly from people without diabetes after adjustment for covariates in the full model. CONCLUSION Compared with data from cross-sectional analysis, the HRQOL loss associated with prevalent diabetes appears to be much larger than previously assumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Schunk
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Site Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany
| | - Peter Reitmeir
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Site Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany
| | - Ina-Maria Rückert-Eheberg
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Site Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology II, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Teresa Tamayo
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Site DDZ Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sabine Schipf
- Institute for Community Medicine, Ernst Moritz Arndt-University, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Project Partner Site Uni Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christa Meisinger
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Site Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology II, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Site Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology II, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christa Scheidt-Nave
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert-Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Project Partner Site RKI, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Ellert
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert-Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Project Partner Site RKI, Berlin, Germany
| | - Saskia Hartwig
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Project Partner Site Uni Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Alexander Kluttig
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Project Partner Site Uni Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, Ernst Moritz Arndt-University, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Project Partner Site Uni Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Germany
| | - Rolf Holle
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Site Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany
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Schwarzkopf L, Holle R, Schunk M. Effects of Nursing Home Residency on Diabetes Care in Individuals with Dementia: An Explorative Analysis Based on German Claims Data. Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra 2017; 7:41-51. [PMID: 28413415 PMCID: PMC5346922 DOI: 10.1159/000455071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims This claims data-based study compares the intensity of diabetes care in community dwellers and nursing home residents with dementia. Methods Delivery of diabetes-related medical examinations (DRMEs) was compared via logistic regression in 1,604 community dwellers and 1,010 nursing home residents with dementia. The intra-individual effect of nursing home transfer was evaluated within mixed models. Results Delivery of DRMEs decreases with increasing care dependency, with more community-living individuals receiving DRMEs. Moreover, DRME provision decreases after nursing home transfer. Conclusion Dementia patients receive fewer DRMEs than recommended, especially in cases of higher care dependency and particularly in nursing homes. This suggests lacking awareness regarding the specific challenges of combined diabetes and dementia care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Schwarzkopf
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rolf Holle
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michaela Schunk
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Neuherberg, Germany
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17
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Laxy M, Knoll G, Schunk M, Meisinger C, Huth C, Holle R. Quality of Diabetes Care in Germany Improved from 2000 to 2007 to 2014, but Improvements Diminished since 2007. Evidence from the Population-Based KORA Studies. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164704. [PMID: 27749939 PMCID: PMC5066975 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Little is known about the development of the quality of diabetes care in Germany. The aim of this study is to analyze time trends in patient self-management, physician-delivered care, medication, risk factor control, complications and quality of life from 2000 to 2014. Methods Analyses are based on data from individuals with type 2 diabetes of the population-based KORA S4 (1999–2001, n = 150), F4 (2006–2008, n = 203), FF4 (2013/14, n = 212) cohort study. Information on patient self-management, physician-delivered care, medication, risk factor control and quality of life were assessed in standardized questionnaires and examinations. The 10-year coronary heart disease (CHD) risk was calculated using the UKPDS risk engine. Time trends were analyzed using multivariable linear and logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, education, diabetes duration, and history of cardiovascular disease. Results From 2000 to 2014 the proportion of participants with type 2 diabetes receiving oral antidiabetic/cardio-protective medication and of those reaching treatment goals for glycemic control (HbA1c<7%, 60% to 71%, p = 0.09), blood pressure (<140/80 mmHg, 25% to 69%, p<0.001) and LDL cholesterol (<2.6 mmol/l, 13% to 27%, p<0.001) increased significantly. However, improvements were generally smaller from 2007 to 2014 than from 2000 to 2007. Modeled 10-year CHD risk decreased from 30% in 2000 to 24% in 2007 to 19% in 2014 (p<0.01). From 2007 to 2014, the prevalence of microvascular complications decreased and quality of life increased, but no improvements were observed for the majority of indicators of self-management. Conclusion Despite improvements, medication and risk factor control has remained suboptimal. The flattening of improvements and deteriorations in quality of (self-) care since 2007 indicate that more effort is needed to improve quality of care and patient self-management. Due to selection or lead time bias an overestimation of quality of care improvements cannot be ruled out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Laxy
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Gabriella Knoll
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometrics and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians- Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Michaela Schunk
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christa Meisinger
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Huth
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rolf Holle
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
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18
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Hartwig S, Kluttig A, Tiller D, Fricke J, Müller G, Schipf S, Völzke H, Schunk M, Meisinger C, Schienkiewitz A, Heidemann C, Moebus S, Pechlivanis S, Werdan K, Kuss O, Tamayo T, Haerting J, Greiser KH. Anthropometric markers and their association with incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: which marker is best for prediction? Pooled analysis of four German population-based cohort studies and comparison with a nationwide cohort study. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e009266. [PMID: 26792214 PMCID: PMC4735317 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the association between different anthropometric measurements and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to assess their predictive ability in different regions of Germany. METHODS Data of 10,258 participants from 4 prospective population-based cohorts were pooled to assess the association of body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip-ratio (WHR) and waist-to-height-ratio (WHtR) with incident T2DM by calculating HRs of the crude, adjusted and standardised markers, as well as providing receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves. Differences between HRs and ROCs for the different anthropometric markers were calculated to compare their predictive ability. In addition, data of 3105 participants from the nationwide survey were analysed separately using the same methods to provide a nationally representative comparison. RESULTS Strong associations were found for each anthropometric marker and incidence of T2DM. Among the standardised anthropometric measures, we found the strongest effect on incident T2DM for WC and WHtR in the pooled sample (HR for 1 SD difference in WC 1.97, 95% CI 1.75 to 2.22, HR for WHtR 1.93, 95% CI 1.71 to 2.17 in women) and in female DEGS participants (HR for WC 2.24, 95% CI 1.91 to 2.63, HR for WHtR 2.10, 95% CI 1.81 to 2.44), whereas the strongest association in men was found for WHR among DEGS participants (HR 2.29, 95% CI 1.89 to 2.78). ROC analysis showed WHtR to be the strongest predictor for incident T2DM. Differences in HR and ROCs between the different markers confirmed WC and WHtR to be the best predictors of incident T2DM. Findings were consistent across study regions and age groups (<65 vs ≥ 65 years). CONCLUSIONS We found stronger associations between anthropometric markers that reflect abdominal obesity (ie, WC and WHtR) and incident T2DM than for BMI and weight. The use of these measurements in risk prediction should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Hartwig
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Kluttig
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Tiller
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Julia Fricke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Grit Müller
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Sabine Schipf
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Michaela Schunk
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christa Meisinger
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anja Schienkiewitz
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christin Heidemann
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Moebus
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sonali Pechlivanis
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Karl Werdan
- Department of Medicine III, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Oliver Kuss
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Teresa Tamayo
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Johannes Haerting
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Karin Halina Greiser
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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19
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Rückert IM, Baumert J, Schunk M, Holle R, Schipf S, Völzke H, Kluttig A, Greiser KH, Tamayo T, Rathmann W, Meisinger C. Blood Pressure Control Has Improved in People with and without Type 2 Diabetes but Remains Suboptimal: A Longitudinal Study Based on the German DIAB-CORE Consortium. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0133493. [PMID: 26221962 PMCID: PMC4519307 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is a very common comorbidity and major risk factor for cardiovascular complications, especially in people with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Nevertheless, studies in the past have shown that blood pressure is often insufficiently controlled in medical practice. For the DIAB-CARE study, we used longitudinal data based on the German DIAB-CORE Consortium to assess whether health care regarding hypertension has improved during the last decade in our participants. METHODS Data of the three regional population-based studies CARLA (baseline 2002-2006 and follow-up 2007-2010), KORA (baseline 1999-2001 and follow-up 2006-2008) and SHIP (baseline 1997-2001 and follow-up 2002-2006) were pooled. Stratified by T2D status we analysed changes in frequencies, degrees of awareness, treatment and control. Linear mixed models were conducted to assess the influence of sex, age, study, and T2D status on changes of systolic blood pressure between the baseline and follow-up examinations (mean observation time 5.7 years). We included 4,683 participants aged 45 to 74 years with complete data and accounted for 1,256 participants who were lost to follow-up by inverse probability weighting. RESULTS Mean systolic blood pressure decreased in all groups from baseline to follow-up (e.g. - 8.5 mmHg in those with incident T2D). Pulse pressure (PP) was markedly higher in persons with T2D than in persons without T2D (64.14 mmHg in prevalent T2D compared to 52.87 mmHg in non-T2D at baseline) and did not change much between the two examinations. Awareness, treatment and control increased considerably in all subgroups however, the percentage of those with insufficiently controlled hypertension remained high (at about 50% of those with hypertension) especially in prevalent T2D. Particularly elderly people with T2D often had both, high blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg and a PP of ≥60 mmHg. Blood pressure in men had improved more than in women at follow-up, however, men still had higher mean SBP than women at follow-up. CONCLUSION Blood pressure management has developed positively during past years in Germany. While hypertension prevalence, awareness and treatment were substantially higher in participants with T2D than in those without T2D at follow-up, hypertension control was achieved only in about half the number of people in each T2D group leaving much room for further improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina-Maria Rückert
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Neuherberg, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jens Baumert
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Neuherberg, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michaela Schunk
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Neuherberg, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rolf Holle
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Neuherberg, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Schipf
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK-German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Alexander Kluttig
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Karin-Halina Greiser
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Teresa Tamayo
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rathmann
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Neuherberg, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- MONICA/KORA Myocardial Infarction Registry, Central Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
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20
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Franco L, Pagan I, Serre Del Cor N, Schunk M, Neumayr A, Molero F, Potente A, Hatz C, Wilder-Smith A, Sánchez-Seco MP, Tenorio A. Molecular epidemiology suggests Venezuela as the origin of the dengue outbreak in Madeira, Portugal in 2012-2013. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015; 21:713.e5-8. [PMID: 25843502 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2015.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
An explosive epidemic occurred in Madeira Island (Portugal) from October 2012 to February 2013. Published data showed that dengue virus type 1 introduced from South America was the incriminated virus. We aim to determine the origin of the strain introduced to Madeira by travellers returning to Europe. Using phylogeographic analysis and complete envelope sequences we have demonstrated that the most probable origin of the strain is Venezuela.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Franco
- National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
| | - I Pagan
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (UPM-INIA), Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - N Serre Del Cor
- Centro de Asistencia Primaria Drassanes, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Schunk
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Tropical Medicine, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - A Neumayr
- Medical and Diagnostic Service Department, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - F Molero
- National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Potente
- National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Hatz
- Medical and Diagnostic Service Department, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Wilder-Smith
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - M P Sánchez-Seco
- National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Tenorio
- National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
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21
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Schunk M, Reitmeir P, Schipf S, Völzke H, Meisinger C, Ladwig KH, Kluttig A, Greiser KH, Berger K, Müller G, Ellert U, Neuhauser H, Tamayo T, Rathmann W, Holle R. Health-related quality of life in women and men with type 2 diabetes: a comparison across treatment groups. J Diabetes Complications 2015; 29:203-11. [PMID: 25499244 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2014.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study compares health-related quality of life (HRQL) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) across treatment groups and explores gender differences. METHODS Four regional surveys (KORA, CARLA, SHIP, DHS) and a national survey (GNHIES98) were pooled at individual level. HRQL was assessed with the SF-12/-36v1. Linear regression models were used to assess the effect of T2DM by treatment type (no medication; oral; oral/insulin combination; insulin) on the physical (PCS-12) and mental summary score (MCS-12) and the SF-6D, controlling for age, sex, study and covariates. We also performed an explanatory analysis of single items. RESULTS PCS-12 scores and treatment type were associated (P-value 0.006), with lowest values for insulin treatment (-4.44 vs. oral; -4.41 vs. combination). MCS-12 scores were associated with treatment type and gender (P-value <0.012), with lower scores for women undergoing oral (-4.25 vs. men) and combination treatment (-6.99 vs. men). Similar results were observed for SF-6D utilities and single items, related to mental health, social functioning, vitality and role limitation (emotional). Comorbidities were predictors of lower PCS-12 and SF-6D scores. CONCLUSIONS T2DM treatment impacts differently on physical and mental HRQL and on women and men. Further studies of gender-specific perceptions of T2DM treatment regimens are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schunk
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - P Reitmeir
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - S Schipf
- Institute for Community Medicine, Ernst Moritz Arndt-University, Greifswald, Germany
| | - H Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, Ernst Moritz Arndt-University, Greifswald, Germany
| | - C Meisinger
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - K-H Ladwig
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - A Kluttig
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - K H Greiser
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany; German Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - K Berger
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - G Müller
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - U Ellert
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Reporting, Robert-Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - H Neuhauser
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Reporting, Robert-Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - T Tamayo
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - W Rathmann
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - R Holle
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
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22
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Nurjadi D, Friedrich-Jänicke B, Schäfer J, Van Genderen PJJ, Goorhuis A, Perignon A, Neumayr A, Mueller A, Kantele A, Schunk M, Gascon J, Stich A, Hatz C, Caumes E, Grobusch MP, Fleck R, Mockenhaupt FP, Zanger P. Skin and soft tissue infections in intercontinental travellers and the import of multi-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to Europe. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015; 21:567.e1-10. [PMID: 25753191 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2015.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2014] [Revised: 12/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is emerging globally. Treatment of infections is complicated by increasing antibiotic resistance. We collected clinical data and swabs of returnees with skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) at 13 travel-clinics in Europe (www.staphtrav.eu). Sixty-two percent (196/318) SSTI patients had S. aureus-positive lesions, of which almost two-thirds (122/196) were Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) positive. PVL was associated with disease severity, including hospitalization for SSTI (OR 5.2, 95% CI 1.5-18.2). In returnees with SSTI, longer travel and more intense population contact were risk factors for nasal colonization with PVL-positive S. aureus. Imported S. aureus frequently proved resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (21%), erythromycin (21%), tetracycline (20%), ciprofloxacin (13%), methicillin (12%) and clindamycin (8%). Place of exposure was significantly (p < 0.05) associated with predominant resistance phenotypes and spa genotypes: Latin America (methicillin; t008/CC24/304), Africa (tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; t084/CC84, t314/singleton, t355/CC355), South Asia (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin; t021/CC21/318), South-East Asia (clindamycin; t159/CC272). USA300-like isolates accounted for 30% of all methicillin-resistant S. aureus imported to Europe and were predominantly (71%) acquired in Latin America. Multi-resistance to non-β-lactams were present in 24% of imports and associated with travel to South Asia (ORcrude 5.3, 95% CI 2.4-11.8), even after adjusting for confounding by genotype (ORadjusted 3.8, 95% 1.5-9.5). Choosing randomly from compounds recommended for the empiric treatment of severe S. aureus SSTI, 15% of cases would have received ineffective antimicrobial therapy. These findings call for the development of regionally stratified guidance on the antibiotic management of severe imported S. aureus disease and put the infected and colonized traveller at the centre of interventions against the global spread of multi-resistant S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Nurjadi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Eberhard Karls Universität, Tübingen, Germany
| | - B Friedrich-Jänicke
- Institute of Tropical Medicine and International Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Spandauer Damm, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Schäfer
- Tropenklinik, Paul-Lechler-Krankenhaus, Tübingen, Germany
| | - P J J Van Genderen
- Instituut voor Tropische Ziekten, Havenziekenhuis, TG Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Goorhuis
- Centre of Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Perignon
- Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - A Neumayr
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Mueller
- Missionsärztliche Klinik, Würzburg, Germany
| | - A Kantele
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Schunk
- Abteilung für Infektions- und Tropenmedizin der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany
| | - J Gascon
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Centre for International Health Research (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Stich
- Missionsärztliche Klinik, Würzburg, Germany
| | - C Hatz
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - E Caumes
- Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - M P Grobusch
- Centre of Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R Fleck
- Tropenklinik, Paul-Lechler-Krankenhaus, Tübingen, Germany
| | - F P Mockenhaupt
- Institute of Tropical Medicine and International Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Spandauer Damm, Berlin, Germany
| | - P Zanger
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Eberhard Karls Universität, Tübingen, Germany; Institute of Public Health, Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Schunk M, Stark R, Reitmeir P, Meisinger C, Holle R. Towards patient-oriented diabetes care: results from two KORA surveys in southern Germany. J Diabetes Res 2015; 2015:368570. [PMID: 25859544 PMCID: PMC4381861 DOI: 10.1155/2015/368570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 02/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine the relationship of diabetes care processes and patient outcomes with an expanded set of indicators regarding patient-oriented care delivery, such as treatment satisfaction, the quality of patient-physician relationship, and a wider range of patient outcomes such as self-management, health behaviour, disease-related burden, and health-related quality of life (HRQL). METHODS The study population consisted of 486 participants with type 2 diabetes in two population-based follow-up surveys, conducted in 2003 to 2005 and 2006 to 2008 in Southern Germany. Data were self-reported and questionnaire-based, including the SF-12 for HRQL. Multiple regression models were used to identify associations between care processes and outcomes with adjustment for confounders. RESULTS Frequent medical examinations increased the likelihood of self-monitoring activities, such as foot care. A positive patient experienced relationship with their physician is associated with higher adherence to medical recommendations, such as medication intake, and the score of the SF-12 mental component. Participants with diabetes-related complications reported higher levels of medical examinations and multiprofessional care. CONCLUSIONS Indicators of patient-oriented care should become an indispensable part of diabetes clinical practice guidelines with the aim of striving for more effective support of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Schunk
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- *Michaela Schunk:
| | - Renée Stark
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Peter Reitmeir
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rolf Holle
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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Tamayo T, Schipf S, Meisinger C, Schunk M, Maier W, Herder C, Roden M, Nauck M, Peters A, Völzke H, Rathmann W. Regional differences of undiagnosed type 2 diabetes and prediabetes prevalence are not explained by known risk factors. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113154. [PMID: 25402347 PMCID: PMC4234669 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We have previously found regional differences in the prevalence of known type 2 diabetes between northeastern and southern Germany. We aim to also provide prevalence estimates for prediabetes (isolated impaired fasting glucose (i-IFG), isolated glucose intolerance (i-IGT), combined IFG and IGT) and unknown type 2 diabetes for both regions. Methods Prevalence (95%CI) of prediabetes (i-IFG: fasting glucose 5.6–6.9 mmol/l; i-IGT: 2 h postchallenge gluose 7.8–11.0 mmol/l, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), ≥8 h overnight fasting) and unknown diabetes were analyzed in two regional population-based surveys (age group 35–79 years): SHIP-TREND (Study of Health in Pomerania (northeast), 2008–2012) and KORA F4 (Cooperative Health Research in the region of Augsburg (south), 2006–2008). Both studies used similar methods, questionnaires, and identical protocols for OGTT. Overall, 1,980 participants from SHIP-TREND and 2,617 participants from KORA F4 were included. Results Age-sex-standardized prevalence estimates (95%CI) of prediabetes and unknown diabetes were considerably higher in the northeast (SHIP-TREND: 43.1%; 40.9–45.3% and 7.1%; 5.9–8.2%) than in the south of Germany (KORA F4: 30.1%; 28.4–31.7% and 3.9%; 3.2–4.6%), respectively. In particular, i-IFG (26.4%; 24.5–28.3% vs. 17.2%; 15.7–18.6%) and IFG+IGT (11.2%; 9.8–12.6% vs. 6.6%; 5.7–7.5%) were more frequent in SHIP-TREND than in KORA. In comparison to normal glucose tolerance, the odds of having unknown diabetes (OR, 95%CI: 2.59; 1.84–3.65) or prediabetes (1.98; 1.70–2.31) was higher in the northeast than in the south after adjustment for known risk factors (obesity, lifestyle). Conclusions The regional differences of prediabetes and unknown diabetes are in line with the geographical pattern of known diabetes in Germany. The higher prevalences in the northeast were not explained by traditional risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Tamayo
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Competence Network Diabetes mellitus (Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Germany), Sites Düsseldorf, Munich and Greifswald, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Sabine Schipf
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Competence Network Diabetes mellitus (Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Germany), Sites Düsseldorf, Munich and Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christine Meisinger
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology II, Neuherberg, Germany
- Competence Network Diabetes mellitus (Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Germany), Sites Düsseldorf, Munich and Greifswald, Germany
| | - Michaela Schunk
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Neuherberg, Germany
- Competence Network Diabetes mellitus (Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Germany), Sites Düsseldorf, Munich and Greifswald, Germany
| | - Werner Maier
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Neuherberg, Germany
- Competence Network Diabetes mellitus (Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Germany), Sites Düsseldorf, Munich and Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christian Herder
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Sites Düsseldorf and Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Sites Düsseldorf and Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Competence Network Diabetes mellitus (Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Germany), Sites Düsseldorf, Munich and Greifswald, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology II, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Sites Düsseldorf and Munich, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Sites Munich and Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Sites Munich and Greifswald, Germany
- Competence Network Diabetes mellitus (Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Germany), Sites Düsseldorf, Munich and Greifswald, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rathmann
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Competence Network Diabetes mellitus (Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Germany), Sites Düsseldorf, Munich and Greifswald, Germany
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Schipf S, Ittermann T, Tamayo T, Holle R, Schunk M, Maier W, Meisinger C, Thorand B, Kluttig A, Greiser KH, Berger K, Müller G, Moebus S, Slomiany U, Icks A, Rathmann W, Völzke H. Regional differences in the incidence of self-reported type 2 diabetes in Germany: results from five population-based studies in Germany (DIAB-CORE Consortium). J Epidemiol Community Health 2014; 68:1088-95. [PMID: 25073594 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2014-203998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population-based data are paramount to investigate the long-term course of diabetes, for planning in healthcare and to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of primary prevention. We analysed regional differences in the incidence of self-reported type 2 diabetes mellitus in Germany. METHODS Data of participants (baseline age 45-74 years) from five regional population-based studies conducted between 1997 and 2010 were included (mean follow-up 2.2-7.1 years). The incidence of self-reported type 2 diabetes mellitus at follow-up was compared. The incidence rates per 1000 person-years (95% CI) and the cumulative incidence (95% CI) from regional studies were directly standardised to the German population (31 December 2007) and weighted by inverse probability weights for losses to follow-up. RESULTS Of 8787 participants, 521 (5.9%) developed type 2 diabetes mellitus corresponding to an incidence rate of 11.8/1000 person-years (95% CI 10.8 to 12.9). The regional incidence was highest in the East and lowest in the South of Germany with 16.9 (95% CI 13.3 to 21.8) vs 9.3 (95% CI 7.4 to 11.1)/1000 person-years, respectively. The incidence increased with age and was higher in men than in women. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of self-reported type 2 diabetes mellitus shows regional differences within Germany. Prevention measures need to consider sex-specific differences and probably can be more efficiently introduced toward those regions in need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Schipf
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Till Ittermann
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Teresa Tamayo
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rolf Holle
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michaela Schunk
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Werner Maier
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christine Meisinger
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology II, Neuherberg, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Thorand
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology II, Neuherberg, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Kluttig
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle(Saale), Germany
| | - Karin Halina Greiser
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle(Saale), Germany Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Berger
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Grit Müller
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Susanne Moebus
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Uta Slomiany
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Andrea Icks
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rathmann
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Greifswald, Germany
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Tamayo T, Claessen H, Rückert IM, Maier W, Schunk M, Meisinger C, Mielck A, Holle R, Thorand B, Narres M, Moebus S, Mahabadi AA, Pundt N, Krone B, Slomiany U, Erbel R, Jöckel KH, Rathmann W, Icks A. Treatment pattern of type 2 diabetes differs in two German regions and with patients' socioeconomic position. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99773. [PMID: 24915157 PMCID: PMC4051778 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes treatment may differ by region and patients' socioeconomic position. This may be particularly true for newer drugs. However, data are highly limited. Methods We examined pooled individual data of two population-based German studies, KORA F4 (Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg, south), and the HNR (Heinz Nixdorf Recall study, west) both carried out 2006 to 2008. To ascertain the association between region and educational level with anti-hyperglycemic medication we fitted poisson regression models with robust error variance for any and newer anti-hyperglycemic medication, adjusting for age, sex, diabetes duration, BMI, cardiovascular disease, lifestyle, and insurance status. Results The examined sample comprised 662 participants with self-reported type 2 diabetes (KORA F4: 83 women, 111 men; HNR: 183 women, 285 men). The probability to receive any anti-hyperglycemic drug as well as to be treated with newer anti-hyperglycemic drugs such as insulin analogues, thiazolidinediones, or glinides was significantly increased in southern compared to western Germany (prevalence ratio (PR); 95% CI: 1.12; 1.02–1.22, 1.52;1.10–2.11 respectively). Individuals with lower educational level tended to receive anti-hyperglycemic drugs more likely than their better educated counterparts (PR; 95% CI univariable: 1.10; 0.99–1.22; fully adjusted: 1.10; 0.98–1.23). In contrast, lower education was associated with a lower estimated probability to receive newer drugs among those with any anti-hyperglycemic drugs (PR low vs. high education: 0.66; 0.48–0.91; fully adjusted: 0.68; 0.47–0.996). Conclusions We found regional and individual social disparities in overall and newer anti-hyperglycemic medication which were not explained by other confounders. Further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Tamayo
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Heiner Claessen
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ina-Maria Rückert
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Werner Maier
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michaela Schunk
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christine Meisinger
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Mielck
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rolf Holle
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Thorand
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Maria Narres
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Susanne Moebus
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Amir-Abbas Mahabadi
- Department of Cardiology, West-German Heart Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Noreen Pundt
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Bastian Krone
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Uta Slomiany
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Raimund Erbel
- Department of Cardiology, West-German Heart Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rathmann
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrea Icks
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Laxy M, Mielck A, Hunger M, Schunk M, Meisinger C, Rückert IM, Rathmann W, Holle R. The association between patient-reported self-management behavior, intermediate clinical outcomes, and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes: results from the KORA-A study. Diabetes Care 2014; 37:1604-12. [PMID: 24667462 DOI: 10.2337/dc13-2533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Little is known about the impact of diabetes self-management behavior (SMB) on long-term outcomes. We aimed to examine the association among patient-reported SMB, intermediate clinical outcomes, and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Data were collected from 340 patients with type 2 diabetes of the KORA-A study (1997/1998) who were recruited from two previous population-based surveys (n = 161) and a myocardial infarction registry (n = 179) in southern Germany. Based on previous methodological work, a high level of SMB was defined as being compliant with at least four of six different self-care dimensions, comprising physical exercise, foot care, blood glucose self-monitoring, weight monitoring, having a diet plan, and keeping a diabetes diary. The vital status of the participants was observed until 2009. Multivariable linear, logistic, and Cox regression models were applied to assess the association with intermediate clinical outcomes at baseline and to predict mortality over the follow-up period, adjusted for sociodemographic, behavioral, and disease-related factors. RESULTS In the cross-sectional perspective, a high level of SMB was weakly associated with a lower glycated hemoglobin A1c level (-0.44% [-4.8 mmol/mol] [95% CI -0.88 to 0.00]), but not with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, or the presence of microalbuminuria, peripheral arterial disease, or polyneuropathy. During a mean follow-up time of 11.6 years, 189 patients died. SMB was a preventive factor for all-cause (hazard ratio 0.61 [95% CI 0.40-0.91]) and cardiovascular mortality (0.65 [95% CI 0.41-1.03]). CONCLUSIONS Although measuring SMB is difficult and the used operationalization might be limited, our results give some indication that a high level of SMB is associated with prolonged life expectancy in patients with type 2 diabetes and highlight the potential impact of the patients' active contribution on the long-term trajectory of the disease. We assume that the used proxy for SMB is associated with unmeasured, but important, dimensions of health behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Laxy
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Neuherberg, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany
| | - Andreas Mielck
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Hunger
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michaela Schunk
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology II, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ina-Maria Rückert
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology II, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rathmann
- German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rolf Holle
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Neuherberg, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany
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Hunger M, Holle R, Meisinger C, Rathmann W, Peters A, Schunk M. Longitudinal changes in health-related quality of life in normal glucose tolerance, prediabetes and type 2 diabetes: results from the KORA S4/F4 cohort study. Qual Life Res 2014; 23:2515-20. [PMID: 24729056 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-014-0689-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to examine how transition between normal glucose tolerance, prediabetes and diabetes over a 7 year period is associated with change in health-related quality of life (HRQL) in an elder German population-based cohort. METHODS We used data from 1,046 participants of the KORA S4/F4 cohort study aged 55-74 years at baseline. Based on an oral glucose tolerance test, prediabetes was defined as impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance. HRQL was assessed with the SF-12 questionnaire. Using linear regression, we estimated mean change in HRQL over time, depending on glucose status at baseline and follow-up, adjusted by demographic and lifestyle variables. RESULTS Individuals progressing to prediabetes or diabetes experienced a greater loss in the physical component score than patients with persistent normal glucose tolerance (-2.31 and -7.44 vs. -1.08), but the difference was only significant for subjects converting to diabetes. Subjects with prediabetes at baseline and diabetes at follow-up had a significant loss in mental health compared to subjects with persistent prediabetes. CONCLUSIONS There is first evidence that worsening of glucose metabolism over time is associated with deteriorating HRQL, however, further and larger longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Hunger
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany,
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Claessen H, Strassburger K, Tepel M, Waldeyer R, Chernyak N, Jülich F, Albers B, Bächle C, Rathmann W, Meisinger C, Thorand B, Hunger M, Schunk M, Stark R, Rückert IM, Peters A, Huth C, Stöckl D, Giani G, Holle R, Icks A. Medication costs by glucose tolerance stage in younger and older women and men: results from the population-based KORA survey in Germany. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2013; 121:614-23. [PMID: 24122240 DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1354357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
To estimate medication costs in individuals with diagnosed diabetes, undetected diabetes, impaired glucose regulation and normal blood glucose values in a population-based sample by age and sex.Using the KORA F4 follow-up survey, conducted in 2006-2008 (n=2611, age 40-82 years), we identified individuals' glucose tolerance status by means of an oral glucose tolerance test. We assessed all medications taken regularly, calculated age-sex specific medication costs and estimated cost ratios for total, total without antihyperglycemic drugs, and cardiovascular medication, using multiple 2-part regression models.Compared to individuals with normal glucose values, costs were increased in known diabetes, undetected diabetes and impaired glucose regulation, which was more pronounced in participants aged 40-59 years than in those aged 60-82 years (cost ratios for all medications: 40-59 years: 2.85; 95%-confidence interval: 1.78-4.54, 2.00; 1.22-3.29 and 1.53; 1.12-2.09; 60-82 years: 2.04; 1.71-2.43, 1.17; 0.90-1.51 and 1.09; 0.94-1.28). Compared to individuals with diagnosed diabetes, costs were significantly lower among individuals with impaired glucose regulation across all age and sex strata, also when antihyperglycemic medication was excluded (40-59 years: 0.60; 0.36-0.98, 60-82 years: 0.74; 0.60-0.90; men: 0.72; 0.56-0.93; women: 0.72; 0.54-0.96).We could quantify age- and sex-specific medication costs and cost ratios in individuals with diagnosed diabetes, undetected diabetes and impaired glucose regulation compared to those with normal glucose values, using data of a population-based sample, with oral glucose tolerance test-based identification of diabetes states. These results may help to validly estimate cost-effectiveness of screening and early treatment or prevention of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Claessen
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University, Leibniz-Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany
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Icks A, Claessen H, Strassburger K, Waldeyer R, Chernyak N, Jülich F, Rathmann W, Thorand B, Meisinger C, Huth C, Rückert IM, Schunk M, Giani G, Holle R. Patient time costs attributable to healthcare use in diabetes: results from the population-based KORA survey in Germany. Diabet Med 2013; 30:1245-9. [PMID: 23796224 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Revised: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Patient time costs have been described to be substantial; however, data are highly limited. We estimated patient time costs attributable to outpatient and inpatient care in study participants with diagnosed diabetes, previously undetected diabetes, impaired glucose regulation and normal glucose tolerance. METHODS Using data of the population-based KORA S4 study (55-74 years, random sample of n = 350), we identified participants' stage of glucose tolerance by oral glucose tolerance test. To estimate mean patient time costs per year (crude and standardized with respect to age and sex), we used data regarding time spent with ambulatory visits including travel and waiting time and with hospital stays (time valued at a 2011 net wage rate of €20.63/h). The observation period was 24 weeks and data were extrapolated to 1 year. RESULTS Eighty-nine to 97% of participants in the four groups (diagnosed diabetes, undetected diabetes, impaired glucose regulation and normal glucose tolerance.) had at least one physician contact and 4-14% at least one hospital admission during the observation period. Patient time [h/year (95% CI)] was 102.0 (33.7-254.8), 53.8 (15.0-236.7), 59.3 (25.1-146.8) and 28.6 (21.1-43.7), respectively. Age-sex standardized patient time costs per year (95% CI) were €2447.1 (804.5-6143.6), €880.4 (259.1-3606.7), €1151.6 (454.6-2957.6) and €589.2 (435.8-904.8). CONCLUSIONS Patient time costs were substantial--even higher than medication costs in the same study population. They are higher in participants with diagnosed diabetes, but also in those with undetected diabetes and impaired glucose regulation compared with those with normal glucose tolerance. Research is needed in larger populations to receive more precise and certain estimates that can be used in health economic evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Icks
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University, Leibniz-Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Tamayo T, Schunk M, Maier W, Schipf S, Völzke H, Meisinger C, Peters A, Rathmann W. Prävalenz des unentdeckten Typ-2-Diabetes, der abnormen Nüchternglukose und der gestörten Glukosetoleranz in zwei Regionen Deutschlands. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1341772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Icks A, Claessen H, Strassburger K, Tepel M, Waldeyer R, Chernyak N, Albers B, Baechle C, Rathmann W, Meisinger C, Thorand B, Hunger M, Schunk M, Stark R, Rückert IM, Peters A, Huth C, Stöckl D, Giani G, Holle R. Drug costs in prediabetes and undetected diabetes compared with diagnosed diabetes and normal glucose tolerance: results from the population-based KORA Survey in Germany. Diabetes Care 2013; 36:e53-4. [PMID: 23520379 PMCID: PMC3609503 DOI: 10.2337/dc12-0997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Icks
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Heiner Claessen
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Klaus Strassburger
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Tepel
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Regina Waldeyer
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nadja Chernyak
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bernd Albers
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christina Baechle
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rathmann
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Thorand
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Hunger
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michaela Schunk
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Renée Stark
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ina-Maria Rückert
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Huth
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Doris Stöckl
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Guido Giani
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rolf Holle
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
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Vogel B, Schunk M, Lack N, Mielck A. Ermittlung von Stadtgebieten mit hohem Bedarf an Frühen Hilfen in München: Vorstellung eines neuen Verfahrens auf Basis von Daten zur regionalen Sozialstruktur und zum gesundheitlichen Risiko von Neugeborenen. Gesundheitswesen 2013; 75:e131-8. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1331729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Vogel
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe der LMU München, München
| | - M. Schunk
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institut für Gesundheitsökonomie und Management im Gesundheitswesen, Neuherberg
| | - N. Lack
- Bayerische Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Qualitätssicherung, in der stationären Versorgung (BAQ), Bereichsleitung Peri-/Neonatologie, München
| | - A. Mielck
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institut für Gesundheitsökonomie und Management im Gesundheitswesen, Neuherberg
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Hunger M, Schunk M, Meisinger C, Peters A, Holle R. Estimation of the relationship between body mass index and EQ-5D health utilities in individuals with type 2 diabetes: evidence from the population-based KORA studies. J Diabetes Complications 2012; 26:413-8. [PMID: 22699110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2012.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2011] [Revised: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Obesity is known to be an important risk factor for type 2 diabetes and its related comorbid conditions; however, its specific impact on generic health-related quality of life (HRQL) is less clear. The objective of this study was to estimate the association between body mass index (BMI) and HRQL in individuals with type 2 diabetes. METHODS The EQ-5D quality of life questionnaire was administered in a follow-up of 10,385 participants aged 33-94 of the population-based German MONICA/KORA surveys. 1033 participants with type 2 diabetes were identified by self-report combined with validated physician diagnoses. Semiparametric additive regression models were used to estimate the effect of BMI on EQ-5D health utilities adjusted for age, sex, education and comorbidities. RESULTS BMI was significantly associated with EQ-5D health utilities even after adjustment for macro- and microvascular complications. The functional relationship between BMI and utilities was nonlinear, reflecting optimal health around 26 kg/m² and significantly decreasing health utilities with increasing levels of overweight and obesity (-0.09 points between BMI values 26 and 40). Among the diabetic complications, the history of a stroke (-0.13) and neuropathy (-0.10) were the strongest predictors of reduced health utility scores. CONCLUSIONS BMI is strongly associated with health utilities in persons with type 2 diabetes. This suggests that lifestyle measures to reduce obesity can markedly improve patients' health-related quality of life and that the negative effect of potential weight gain should be taken into account when determining patient preferences for different type 2 diabetes treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Hunger
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
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Schipf S, Werner A, Tamayo T, Holle R, Schunk M, Maier W, Meisinger C, Thorand B, Berger K, Mueller G, Moebus S, Bokhof B, Kluttig A, Greiser KH, Neuhauser H, Ellert U, Icks A, Rathmann W, Völzke H. Regional differences in the prevalence of known Type 2 diabetes mellitus in 45-74 years old individuals: results from six population-based studies in Germany (DIAB-CORE Consortium). Diabet Med 2012; 29:e88-95. [PMID: 22248078 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2012.03578.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM In Germany, regional data on the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus are lacking for health-care planning and detection of risk factors associated with this disease. We analysed regional variations in the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes and treatment with antidiabetic agents. METHODS Data of subjects aged 45-74 years from five regional population-based studies and one nationwide study conducted between 1997 and 2006 were analysed. Information on self-reported diabetes, treatment, and diagnosis of diabetes were compared. Type 2 diabetes prevalence estimates (95% confidence interval) from regional studies were directly standardized to the German population (31 December 2007). RESULTS Of the 11,688 participants of the regional studies, 1008 had known Type 2 diabetes, corresponding to a prevalence of 8.6% (8.1-9.1%). For the nationwide study, a prevalence of 8.2% (7.3-9.2%) was estimated. Prevalence was higher in men (9.7%; 8.9-10.4%) than in women (7.6%; 6.9-8.3%). The regional standardized prevalence was highest in the east with 12.0% (10.3-13.7%) and lowest in the south with 5.8% (4.9-6.7%). Among persons with Type 2 diabetes, treatment with oral antidiabetic agents was more frequently reported in the south (56.9%) and less in the northeast (46.0%), whereas treatment with insulin alone was more frequently reported in the northeast (21.6%) than in the south (16.4%). CONCLUSION The prevalence of known Type 2 diabetes showed a southwest-to-northeast gradient within Germany, which is in accord with regional differences in the distribution of risk factors for Type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, the treatment with antidiabetic agents showed regional differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schipf
- Institute for Community Medicine, Ernst Moritz Arndt-University, Greifswald, Germany.
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Hunger M, Meisinger C, Schunk M, Peters A, Holle R. Gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität und Nutzwerte bei Typ-2 Diabetes: Ergebnisse aus den bevölkerungsbasierten KORA-Studien. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1314445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Schunk M, Reitmeir P, Schipf S, Völzke H, Meisinger C, Thorand B, Kluttig A, Greiser KH, Berger K, Müller G, Ellert U, Neuhauser H, Tamayo T, Rathmann W, Holle R. Health-related quality of life in subjects with and without Type 2 diabetes: pooled analysis of five population-based surveys in Germany. Diabet Med 2012; 29:646-53. [PMID: 21978176 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2011.03465.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To estimate population values of health-related quality of life (HRQL) in subjects with and without Type 2 diabetes mellitus across several large population-based survey studies in Germany. Systematic differences in relation to age and sex were of particular interest. METHODS Individual data from four population-based studies from different regions throughout Germany and the nationwide German National Health Interview and Examination Survey (GNHIES98) were included in a pooled analysis of primary data (N = 9579). HRQL was assessed using the generic index instrument SF-36 (36-item Short Form Health Survey) or its shorter version, the SF-12 (12 items). Regression analysis was carried out to examine the association between Type 2 diabetes and the two component scores derived from the SF-36/SF-12, the physical component summary score (PCS-12) and the mental component summary score (MCS-12), as well as interaction effects with age and sex. RESULTS The PCS-12 differed significantly by -4.1 points in subjects with Type 2 diabetes in comparison with subjects without Type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes was associated with significantly lower MCS-12 in women only. Higher age was associated with lower PCS-12, but with an increase in MCS-12, for subjects with and without Type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Pooled analysis of population-based primary data offers HRQL values for subjects with Type 2 diabetes in Germany, stratified by age and sex. Type 2 diabetes has negative consequences for HRQL, particularly for women. This underlines the burden of disease and the importance of diabetes prevention. Factors that disadvantage women with Type 2 diabetes need to be researched more thoroughly.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schunk
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Neuherberg, Germany.
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Künster AK, Hägele M, Schunk M, Mielck A, Mosandl A. Münchner Modell der Früherkennung und Frühen Hilfen für psychosozial hoch belastete Familien. PEU 2012. [DOI: 10.2378/peu2013.art05d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Schunk M, Stark R, Reitmeir P, Rathmann W, Meisinger C, Holle R. Verbesserungen in der Versorgung von Patienten mit Typ-2-Diabetes? Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2011; 54:1187-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s00103-011-1364-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Schipf S, Werner A, Holle R, Schunk M, Meisinger C, Thorand B, Berger K, Muller G, Moebus S, Kluttig A, Greiser KH, Neuhauser H, Ellert U, Icks A, Tamayo T, Rathmann W, Volzke H. P2-269 Regional differences in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus: results from five population-based cohort studies in Germany (DIAB-CORE consortium). Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976k.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Hunger M, Thorand B, Schunk M, Döring A, Menn P, Peters A, Holle R. Multimorbidity and health-related quality of life in the older population: results from the German KORA-age study. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2011; 9:53. [PMID: 21767362 PMCID: PMC3152506 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7525-9-53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Accepted: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multimorbidity in the older population is well acknowledged to negatively affect health-related quality of life (HRQL). Several studies have examined the independent effects of single diseases; however, little research has focused on interaction between diseases. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of six self-reported major conditions and their combinations on HRQL measured by the EQ-5D. METHODS The EQ-5D was administered in the population-based KORA-Age study of 4,565 Germans aged 65 years or older. A generalised additive regression model was used to assess the effects of chronic conditions on HRQL and to account for the nonlinear associations with age and body mass index (BMI). Disease interactions were identified by a forward variable selection method. RESULTS The conditions with the greatest negative impact on the EQ-5D index were the history of a stroke (regression coefficient -11.3, p < 0.0001) and chronic bronchitis (regression coefficient -8.1, p < 0.0001). Patients with both diabetes and coronary disorders showed more impaired HRQL than could be expected from their separate effects (coefficient of interaction term -8.1, p < 0.0001). A synergistic effect on HRQL was also found for the combination of coronary disorders and stroke. The effect of BMI on the mean EQ-5D index was inverse U-shaped with a maximum at around 24.8 kg/m². CONCLUSIONS There are important interactions between coronary problems, diabetes mellitus, and the history of a stroke that negatively affect HRQL in the older German population. Not only high but also low BMI is associated with impairments in health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Hunger
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Neuherberg, Germany.
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Schipf S, Werner A, Tamayo T, Holle R, Schunk M, Maier W, Meisinger C, Thorand B, Berger K, Müller G, Moebus S, Bokhof B, Kluttig A, Greiser KH, Neuhauser H, Ellert U, Icks A, Rathmann W, Völzke H. Neue Ergebnisse zur Epidemiologie des Typ 2 Diabetes – Süd-Nord-Gradient in der Prävalenz des bekannten Typ 2 Diabetes in Deutschland (DIAB-CORE Verbund). DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1277263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Schunk M, Reitmeir P, Schipf S, Völzke H, Meisinger C, Thorand B, Kluttig A, Greiser KH, Berger K, Müller G, Ellert U, Neuhauser H, Tamayo T, Rathmann W, Holle R. Gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität von Personen mit und ohne Typ 2 Diabetes: gepoolte Analyse von fünf bevölkerungsbasierten Studien aus Deutschland (DIAB-CORE Verbund). DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1277326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Holle R, Hunger M, Thorand B, Döring A, Schunk M, Peters A. Lebensqualität in der älteren Bevölkerung – der Einfluss von Multimorbidität. Gesundheitswesen 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1266343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Schunk M, Schurig B, Mellinger U, Eder-Debye R, Pertl C, Kurz-Adam M, Künster A, Ziegenhain U, Mielck A. Erreichbarkeit von Familien im Kontext von Angeboten der Frühen Hilfen: Ergebnisse einer Programmevaluation in München. Gesundheitswesen 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1266719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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46
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Schipf S, Werner A, Holle R, Schunk M, Meisinger C, Thorand B, Berger K, Moebus S, Bokhof B, Mielck A, Kluttig A, Greiser KH, Neuhauser H, Ellert U, Icks A, Tamayo T, Rathmann W, Völzke H. Regionale Unterschiede in der Prävalenz des Typ 2-Diabetes mellitus: Ergebnisse aus sechs populationsbasierten Studien in Deutschland (DIAB-CORE). DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1253804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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47
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Holle R, Schunk M, Meisinger C. Die Verwendung generischer Messinstrumente zur Untersuchung der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität von Patienten mit Typ 2 Diabetes – Methoden und Ergebnisse aus dem DIAB-CORE Verbund. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1253949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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48
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Schunk M, Eder-Debye R, Mielck A. Möglichkeiten und Grenzen des Angebots ‘Früher Hilfen für Eltern und Kinder’: Evaluation am Beispiel München. Gesundheitswesen 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1239074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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49
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Holle R, Stark R, Schunk M, Meisinger C, Leidl R. Disease Management Programme für Typ 2 Diabetiker – eine vergleichende Evaluation der Prozessqualität aus Patientenperspektive. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1221831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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50
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Schunk M, Pauletzki R, Mielck A. Evaluation des kommunalen Hausbesuchsprogrammes der Kinderkrankenschwestern in München: Unterschiede bei Bedarf und Akzeptanz zwischen Eltern mit bzw. ohne Migrationshintergrund. Gesundheitswesen 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1086275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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