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Kim M, Seong G, Jeon MJ, Jung YC, Lee D. The mediating effect of attentional impulsivity between mindfulness and problematic smartphone use. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:294. [PMID: 38637786 PMCID: PMC11025234 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05708-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Problematic smartphone use has been linked to lower levels of mindfulness, impaired attentional function, and higher impulsivity. This study aimed to identify the psychological mechanisms of problematic smartphone use by exploring the relationship between addictive smartphone use, mindfulness, attentional function and impulsivity. METHODS Ninety participants were evaluated with the smartphone addiction proneness scale and classified into the problematic smartphone use group (n = 42; 24 women; mean age: 27.6 ± 7.2 years) or normal use group (n = 48; 22 women; mean age: 30.1 ± 5.7 years). All participants completed self-report questionnaires evaluating their trait impulsivity and mindfulness and attention tests that assessed selective, sustained and divided attention. We compared the variables between the groups and explored the relationship between mindfulness, attentional function, impulsivity and addictive smartphone use through mediation analysis. RESULTS The problematic smartphone use group showed higher trait impulsivity and lower mindfulness than the normal use group. There were no significant group differences in performance on attention tests. Levels of addictive smartphone use were significantly correlated with higher levels of trait impulsivity and lower levels of mindfulness, but not with performance on attention tests. Mediation analysis showed that acting with awareness, an aspect of mindfulness, reduces the degree of addictive smartphone use through attentional impulsivity, one of the trait impulsivity. CONCLUSION Acting without sufficient awareness could influence addictive smartphone use by mediating attentional impulsivity. This supports that executive control deficits, reflected in high attentional impulsivity, contribute to problematic smartphone use. Our findings imply that mindfulness-based interventions can enhance executive control over smartphone use by promoting awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjung Kim
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Goeun Seong
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Jeong Jeon
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea
| | - Young-Chul Jung
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- Department of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Deokjong Lee
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- Yonsei Empathy Psychiatry Clinic, Seoul, Korea.
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Yoo JW, Jeon M, Lee KW, Jung JH, Jeong CB, Lee YM. The single and combined effects of mercury and polystyrene plastic beads on antioxidant-related systems in the brackish water flea: toxicological interaction depending on mercury species and plastic bead size. Aquat Toxicol 2022; 252:106325. [PMID: 36242789 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plastics are considered as a major threat to marine environments owing their high usage, persistence, and negative effects on aquatic organisms. Although they often exist as mixtures in combination with other pollutants (e.g., mercury (Hg)) in aquatic ecosystems, the combined effects of plastics and ambient pollutants remain unclear. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the toxicological interactions between Hg and plastics using two Hg species (HgCl2 and MeHgCl) and different-sized polystyrene (PS) beads (diameter: 0.05, 0.5, and 6-μm) in the brackish water flea Diaphanosoma celebensis. The single and combined effects of Hg and PS beads on mortality were investigated, and changes in the antioxidant system and lipid peroxidation were further analyzed. After 48-h exposure to single Hg, HgCl2 induced a higher mortality rate than MeHgCl. The combined exposure test showed that 0.05-μm PS beads can enhance the toxicity of both the Hg species. The expression of GST-mu, glutathione S-transferease (GST) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased significantly after exposure to Hg alone (HgCl2 or MeHgCl) exposure. Combined exposure with PS beads modulated the effects of Hg on the antioxidant system depending on bead size and the Hg species. In particular, the 0.05-μm beads significantly increased the expression level of GST-mu, GST activity and MDA content, regardless of Hg species. These findings suggest that toxicological interactions between Hg and PS beads depend on the type of Hg species and the size of PS beads; nano-sized 0.05-μm PS beads can induce synergistic toxicity with Hg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je-Won Yoo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul, 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - MinJeong Jeon
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul, 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyun-Woo Lee
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, 385, Haeyang-ro, Youngdo, Busan, 49111, South Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Jung
- Risk Assessment Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje, 53201, Republic of Korea; Department of Ocean Science, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Bum Jeong
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Mi Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul, 03016, Republic of Korea.
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Oh S, Lee S, Hwang WY, Suh DH, Jeon MJ. Development and validation of a prediction model for bothersome stress urinary incontinence after prolapse surgery: a retrospective cohort study. BJOG 2021; 129:1158-1164. [PMID: 34854216 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.17036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop and validate a prediction model for bothersome stress urinary incontinence after prolapse surgery and to compare it with an existing clinical prediction model (CUPIDO model). DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Two tertiary hospitals in South Korea. POPULATION A total of 1142 patients who underwent prolapse surgery with or without a concomitant midurethral sling. METHODS To construct a prediction model, we performed logistic regression using both exhaustive and stepwise variable selection, validating the model both internally and externally. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Bothersome stress urinary incontinence defined as the presence of bothersome symptoms of stress urinary incontinence and/or subsequent continence procedure one year after surgery. RESULTS Postoperative bothersome stress urinary incontinence occurred in 10% of patients. A model containing six predictors (age, diabetes mellitus, subjective urinary incontinence, prolapse reduction stress test result, type of prolapse surgery, and a concomitant midurethral sling) showed excellent performance for predicting bothersome stress urinary incontinence (area under the curve 0.74, 95% confidence interval 0.62-0.86) and outperformed the CUPIDO model (area under the curve 0.63, 95% confidence interval 0.49-0.76; DeLong's test P = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS This prediction model might be a useful tool to guide patient decision making regarding a concomitant continence procedure at the time of prolapse surgery. The predictive value of this model needs to be validated further in cohorts with different characteristics. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT The proposed prediction model for bothersome stress urinary incontinence after prolapse surgery outperforms an existing model.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Oh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Lee
- Center for Precision Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - W Y Hwang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - D H Suh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - M J Jeon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Yoo JW, Cho H, Jeon M, Jeong CB, Jung JH, Lee YM. Effects of polystyrene in the brackish water flea Diaphanosoma celebensis: Size-dependent acute toxicity, ingestion, egestion, and antioxidant response. Aquat Toxicol 2021; 235:105821. [PMID: 33826974 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the increasing usage of plastics, their debris is continuously deposited in marine environments, resulting in deleterious effects on aquatic organisms. Although it is known that microplastics disturb the cellular redox status, knowledge of molecular in marine cladocerans is still lacking. In the present study, we investigated the acute toxicity of different-sized polystyrene (PS) beads (0.05, 0.5, and 6-μm diameter), ingestion and egestion patterns, their distribution in the tissues, and their effects on the antioxidant systems in the brackish water flea Diaphanosoma celebensis. All different-sized PS beads showed no mortality at the concentrations used in this study. After 48 h of exposure to PS beads of different sizes, all microbeads were retained in the digestive tract, but the retention time varied according to the bead size. In particular, the group that was exposed to 0.05-μm beads showed widely distributed fluorescence (e.g., in the embryo, and probably in lipid droplets as well as the digestive tract). The transcriptional level and enzyme activities of antioxidants were modulated depending on the size of the PS beads, and lipid peroxidation was induced in groups exposed to 0.05 and 0.5-μm beads. These findings suggest that the size of PS beads is an important factor for cellular toxicity, and can induce size-dependent oxidative stress in this species. This study provides a better understanding of the molecular modes of action of microplastics in marine zooplankton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je-Won Yoo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayoung Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - MinJeong Jeon
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Bum Jeong
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Jung
- Risk Assessment Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea; Department of Ocean Science, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mi Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea.
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Chung K, Jeon MJ, Park J, Lee S, Kim CO, Park JY. Development and evaluation of a mobile-optimized daily self-rating depression screening app: A preliminary study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199118. [PMID: 29944663 PMCID: PMC6019749 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study were to design a mobile app that would record daily self-reported Korean version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Revised (K-CESD-R) ratings in a “Yes” or “No” format, develop two different algorithms for converting mobile K-CESD-R scores in a binary format into scores in a 5-point response format, and determine which algorithm would be more appropriately applied to the newly developed app. Algorithm (A) was designed to improve the scoring system of the 2-week delayed retrospective recall-based original K-CESD-R scale, and algorithm (B) was designed to further refine the scoring of the 24-hour delayed prospective recall-based mobile K-CESD-R scale applied with algorithm (A). To calculate total mobile K-CESD-R scores, each algorithm applied certain cut-off criteria for a 5-point scale with different inter-point intervals, defined by the ratio of the total number of times that users responded “Yes” to each item to the number of days that users reported daily depressive symptom ratings during the 2-week study period. Twenty participants were asked to complete a K-CESD-R Mobile assessment daily for 2 weeks and an original K-CESD-R assessment delivered to their e-mail accounts at the end of the 2-week study period. There was a significant difference between original and mobile algorithm (B) scores but not between original and mobile algorithm (A) scores. Of the 20 participants, 4 scored at or above the cut-off criterion (≥13) on either the original K-CESD-R (n = 4) or the mobile K-CESD-R converted with algorithm (A) (n = 3) or algorithm (B) (n = 1). However, all participants were assessed as being below threshold for a diagnosis of a mental disorder during a clinician-administered diagnostic interview. Therefore, the K-CESD-R Mobile app using algorithm (B) could be a more potential candidate for a depression screening tool than the K-CESD-R Mobile app using algorithm (A).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungmi Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Interaction Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min-Jeong Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaesub Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - San Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang Oh Kim
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Young Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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Yoon HI, Jeon MJ, Kim HL, Kim DG, Han JS. Spatial variation of bone biomechanical properties around a dental implant using nanoindentation: a case study. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 79:168-172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abstract
Overweight and obesity pose serious public health problems, affecting 68.8% of Americans. Previous research indicated that psychological factors played important roles in an individual's motivation to consume food. In particular, emotional eating, defined as overeating in response to negative affect, has received particular attention as a risk factor for obesity. This study explored and addressed the emotional factors involved in the development of emotional eating. A total of 10 Midwestern American male and female adults, previously diagnosed as medically overweight and obese, were recruited via online and print advertisement using maximum variation and snowball sampling methods. Using a semi-structured, face-to-face interview format, participants shared their perspectives about the development and persistence of emotional eating. The interviews were transcribed and Atlas.ti software was used to assist in thematic analysis of emotional eating. Study results yielded themes, such as emotional triggers, food cravings, comfort from foods, mindless eating, and childhood experiences. Findings indicated that participants generally lacked emotional self-care, but desired to decrease their emotional eating behaviors. Implications are discussed to construct creative, evidence-based treatments for the overweight and obese emotional eaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasha Ford
- a College of Health and Human Services , Bowling Green State University-Firelands , Huron , Ohio , USA
| | - HeeSoon Lee
- b Social Work Program, Department of Human Services , Bowling Green State University , Huron , Ohio , USA
| | - MinJeong Jeon
- c Cambridge Pediatrics, LIC , National Harbor , Maryland , USA
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Lee JH, Lee JH, Lim SN, Kim DY, Kim SH, Lee YS, Kang YA, Kang SI, Jeon MJ, Seol M, Seo EJ, Chi HS, Park CJ, Jang S, Yun SC, Lee KH. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for myelodysplastic syndrome: prognostic significance of pre-transplant IPSS score and comorbidity. Bone Marrow Transplant 2009; 45:450-7. [DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2009.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Bai SW, Jung HJ, Jeon MJ, Chung DJ, Kim SK, Kim JW. Surgical repair of anterior wall vaginal defects. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2007; 98:147-50. [PMID: 17572421 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2007.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2006] [Revised: 03/29/2007] [Accepted: 04/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical efficacy of 3 surgical procedures for central types of anterior vaginal wall defect. METHODS A total of 138 patients diagnosed with central types of anterior vaginal wall defect who underwent classic transvaginal repair (n=72), transvaginal repair with polypropylene mesh (n=28), and internal repair (n=38) were followed up for at least 1 year. RESULTS There were no differences in development of fever, vaginal erosion, detrusor overactivity, and voiding difficulty among the 3 groups, but the incidence of postoperative urinary tract infections was significantly higher in the polypropylene mesh repair group. The difference in preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin levels and wound infection incidence were significantly higher in the internal repair group. Moreover, the recurrence rate of the anterior vaginal wall defect was significantly higher at 1 year in the internal repair group. CONCLUSION Transvaginal surgical repair seems to be more efficacious than internal surgical repair for central types of anterior vaginal wall defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Bai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Shinchon-dong, 134 Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Korea.
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Kim CM, Jeon MJ, Chung DJ, Kim SK, Kim JW, Bai SW. Risk factors for pelvic organ prolapse. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2007; 98:248-51. [PMID: 17408669 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2007.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2007] [Revised: 02/22/2007] [Accepted: 02/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the risk factors for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and to determine the relationship between these risk factors and stage or other components of POP. METHODS 244 patients with primary POP and 314 women without POP were included. Age, parity, smoking, body mass index (BMI), menopause, and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) were investigated. RESULT Independent risk factors for POP included age over 70, parity higher than 3, and menopause. Age, parity, menopause, and HRT were significantly associated with stage of POP. Genital hiatus (GH) and perineal body (PB) showed a significant positive and negative correlation with age and parity, respectively. Menopause and HRT were also associated with them. CONCLUSION Age, parity and menopause are possible risk factors of POP and associated with the lengths of GH and PB in POP women. Further, these risk factors and HRT are significantly correlated with the severity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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11
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Bai SW, Kim HY, Jeon MJ. Surgical morbidity in patients with pelvic organ prolapse at various ages. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2007; 97:204-5. [PMID: 17379227 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2007.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2006] [Revised: 01/26/2007] [Accepted: 01/31/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S W Bai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Jeon MJ, Kim SK, Bai SW. Concomitant pelvic reconstructive surgery and transobturator tape for stress urinary incontinence. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2006; 96:47-8. [PMID: 17196204 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2006.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2006] [Revised: 09/13/2006] [Accepted: 09/19/2006] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M J Jeon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Cho D, Lee JS, Yazer MH, Song JW, Shin MG, Shin JH, Suh SP, Jeon MJ, Kim JY, Park JT, Ryang DW. Chimerism and mosaicism are important causes of ABO phenotype and genotype discrepancies. Immunohematology 2006; 22:183-7. [PMID: 17430077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Discrepancies between blood group genotype and RBC phenotype are important to recognize when implementing DNA-based blood grouping techniques. This report describes two such cases involving the ABO blood group in the Korean population. Propositus #1 was a 22-year-old healthy man undergoing pretransfusion testing for minor surgery. Propositus #2 was a 23- year-old male blood donor. RBCs from both propositi were determined to be group AB and demonstrated unusual agglutination patterns on forward typing, which were inconsistent with their ABO genotype determined by allele-specific (AS) PCR. RBCs from propositus #1 demonstrated mixed field agglutination with both anti-A and -B, while RBCs from propositus #2 demonstrated mixed field only with anti-A reagents. Both had B/O genotypes by AS-PCR. Cloning and sequencing of ABO exons 6 and 7 revealed three alleles in both propositi: propositus #1: A102/B101/O04; propositus #2: A102/B101/O01. A panel of nine short-tandem repeat (STR) loci was tested on DNA extracted from blood, buccal mucosal cells, and hair from the propositi and on DNA isolated from their parents' blood. In all tissues tested from propositus #1, three loci demonstrated a double paternal and a single maternal DNA contribution, indicating that he was a chimera or a mosaic; in those from propositus # 2, one STR locus demonstrated a double paternal DNA contribution, indicating that he was a tetragametic chimera. Chimerism and mosaicism are uncommon but important causes of ABO genotype and phenotype discrepancies. The evaluation of patients and donors with unusual or unexpected serology in pretransfusion testing and consensus ABO alleles may include the evaluation of STR loci to detect these phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Cho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital & Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Cho D, Shin MG, Yazer MH, Kee SJ, Shin JH, Suh SP, Jeon MJ, Song JW, Ki CS, Ryang DW. The genetic and phenotypic basis of blood group A subtypes in Koreans. Transfus Med 2005; 15:329-34. [PMID: 16101812 DOI: 10.1111/j.0958-7578.2005.00598.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A serological and genetic study of Korean blood donors with phenotypic group A subtypes was performed. There were 176 donors with phenotypic A subtypes identified. Exons 6 and 7 from 57 representative donors were sequenced. The A(var) allele (784 G > A) was cloned and sequenced, and a family study demonstrating its inheritance and unusual serological characteristics was performed. The A102 allele was the most frequently identified allele in phenotypically A2 (58%, 11/19) and A2B (68%, 17/25) donors. Anti-A1 was rarely present amongst A2 and A2B donors. The family study revealed that the A(var) allele was expressed as phenotype A(weak)B in A(var)/B heterozygote members, but as phenotype O in A(var)/O heterozygotes. The most frequent allele in Korean donors with the A2 phenotype differs from its Caucasian counterpart, as does the frequency of anti-A1. The A(var) allele demonstrates allelic enhancement in A(var)/B heterozygotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Cho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital and Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
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Bai SW, Jeon MJ, Kim JY, Chung KA, Kim SK, Park KH. Relationship between stress urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. Int Urogynecol J 2002; 13:256-60; discussion 260. [PMID: 12189431 DOI: 10.1007/s001920200053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the objective coexisting rate of stress urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse, and also compared the treatment outcomes in patients who had both conditions, treated by a corrective operation on the basis of a precise preoperative evaluation. We reviewed 97 cases who underwent urodynamic studies and evaluation of the prolapse according to the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) system from among patients who were admitted for treatment of either stress urinary incontinence or pelvic organ prolapse. A Burch urethropexy, either alone or with a parvaginal repair, was done to correct the stress urinary incontinence, as well as additional operations to correct prolapse of stage II or more. The patients were evaluated postoperatively for the stress urinary incontinence and the degree of prolapse at every visit. Nineteen of 30 (63.3%) patients who were admitted with stress urinary incontinence had a coexisting pelvic organ prolapse, most often of the anterior wall. In 42 of 67 (62.7%) cases admitted with pelvic organ prolapse there was a coexisting stress urinary incontinence. A total of 61 patients who had both conditions were followed for 12 months postoperatively. The recurrence rate of stress urinary incontinence and prolapse (all of which were stage II) was 3.3% and 18.0%, respectively. It was noted that the greater the preoperative stage, the higher the recurrence rate (stage II 4.35%; stage III 25.0%; stage IV 33.6%). The coexisting rates of pelvic organ prolapse in patients having stress urinary incontinence, and stress urinary incontinence in patients having a pelvic organ prolapse, were both high. Therefore, when a preoperative evaluation that simultaneously considers both conditions and the correcting surgery is based on this evaluation, the recurrence rates of both conditions could be lowered.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Bai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
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Han K, Jeon MJ, Kim SH, Ki D, Bahn JH, Lee KS, Park J, Choi SY. Efficient intracellular delivery of an exogenous protein GFP with genetically fused basic oligopeptides. Mol Cells 2001; 12:267-71. [PMID: 11710533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Several oligopeptides, derived from certain proteins, translocate as a form fused to small molecules or exogenous proteins across the plasma membrane into cells. Some of these oligopeptides, the so-called protein-transduction domains (PTDs), contain a high proportion of basic residues. The translocation of some of these basic PTDs, such as oligoarginines, has been studied as chemically fused forms to other organic compounds. In this study, we also tested to determine whether or not oligoarginines, when fused genetically to an exogenous protein such as GFP, are also able to translocate efficiently across the plasma membrane. The oligoarginine Rn (n = 5,6,7,8,9)-GFP fusion proteins were translocated quite efficiently, and the transduction efficiency increased in proportion to the number of arginine residues. However, the cellular uptake of the oligolysine-GFP fusion proteins was less efficient than that of the corresponding oligoarginine-GFP fusion proteins. When fused to GFP, the translocation efficiency of R5 was similar to that of Tat(49-57)(RKKRRQRRR). This finding suggests that the arginine homo-oligopeptide is more efficient than other PTDs which contain a mixture of basic residues. On the other hand, both the K9- and Tat(49-57)-GFP fusion proteins were transduced with similar efficiencies. It appears that basic oligopeptides may be useful for the efficient translocation of diverse exogenous proteins as genetically fused forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Han
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Division of Life Sciences, Hallym University, Chunchon, Korea
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Han K, Jeon MJ, Kim KA, Park J, Choi SY. Efficient intracellular delivery of GFP by homeodomains of Drosophila Fushi-tarazu and Engrailed proteins. Mol Cells 2000; 10:728-32. [PMID: 11211880 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-000-0728-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The 60 amino acid long homeodomain of Antennapedia (Antp), either alone or as a fusion protein with 30-40 amino acid long foreign polypeptides, has been reported to cross biological membranes by an energy- and receptor-protein-independent mechanism. Moreover, the 16 amino acid long third helix of the Antp homeodomain, so-called penetratin, possesses translocation properties when fused to fewer than 100 amino acids as well. These findings led us to study whether such a protein tansduction property is shared by other homeodomains. We report here that homeodomains of two homeoproteins, Fushi-tarazu and Engrailed, are able to transduce a 238 amino acid long green fluorescent protein into cultured cells as efficiently as other well-known protein transduction domains, such as an internal oligopeptide of Tat and penetratin. These findings suggest that such transduction activity of homeodomains might have some physiological roles and that it can be exploited for development of efficient transduction vectors for research use and protein therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Han
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Hallym University, Chunchon, Korea
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Baek G, Yoon S, Jeon MJ, Han S, Yim J, Baek K, Yoon J, Han K. An analysis of two tandem promoters of the Drosophila purple gene. Mol Cells 1998; 8:685-90. [PMID: 9895120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We have analyzed two tandem promoters, separated by only about 400 bp, of the purple (pr) gene of Drosophila melanogaster, by fusing them to the firefly luciferase reporter gene and employing a transient expression assay with Drosophila S2 cells. Both the distal promoter and the proximal promoter were found to function in S2 cells and an about 700 bp long region (-270 to +421), containing both promoters, was sufficient to effect maximal promoter activity. When the two promoters were analyzed separately, the distal promoter was found to be much stronger in its function than the proximal promoter. At least three different kinds of cis elements near the transcription start site appear to play crucial roles in driving constitutive expression from the distal promoter. On the other hand, only a single cis element, which may play a role in tissue-specific expression, appears to be important for the activity of the proximal promoter in S2 cells. We propose that the clustering of important cis elements near the transcription start sites may be responsible for the selective regulation of the two tandem promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Baek
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Hallym University, Chunchon, Korea
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