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Khong QT, Han ST, Park I, Na M. Development and Validation of UPLC-MS/MS Analysis for Sphingolipids Isolated from Velvet Antlers of Cervus elaphus. ACS Omega 2024; 9:17229-17237. [PMID: 38645377 PMCID: PMC11024965 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Deer velvet antlers, known as tonics, have created a large market as dietary supplements and have been consumed worldwide. Despite the high consumption of velvet antlers as dietary supplements, analytical methods for their identification and standardization remain limited. Quantitative analysis for gangliosides, considered quality indexes for velvet antlers, was developed to indirectly analyze the sialic acid obtained from chemical degradation. Owing to the complex and time-consuming chemical derivatization of gangliosides, a simple and rapid quality evaluation method for velvet antlers must be developed. For the first time, this study reports the isolation and structural elucidation of two new sphingomyelins (1 and 2), two known sphingomyelins (3 and 4), and four ceramides (5-8) as chemical markers from the velvet antlers of Cervus elaphus. To expedite and simplify the quality control of velvet antlers, advanced quantitative analysis of sphingolipids has been developed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan T. Khong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
- Molecular Targets Program, Center for Cancer
Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, United
States
| | - Sung-Tai Han
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
- R&D Headquarters, Korea
Ginseng
Corporation, 65, Gwacheon-daero 7-gil, Gwacheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 130810, Republic of Korea
| | - InWha Park
- Natural Product
Informatics Research Center, KIST Gangneung
Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
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Park KA, Jung CS, Sohn KC, Ju E, Shin S, Park I, Na M, Hur GM. Eupatolide, isolated from Liriodendron tulipifera, sensitizes TNF-mediated dual modes of apoptosis and necroptosis by disrupting RIPK1 ubiquitination. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28092. [PMID: 38533031 PMCID: PMC10963378 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination of RIPK1 plays an essential role in the recruitment of the IKK complex, an upstream component of pro-survival NF-κB. It also limits TNF-induced programmed cell death by inhibiting the spatial transition from TNFR1-associated complex-I to RIPK1-dependent death-inducing complex-II or necrosome. Thus, the targeted disruption of RIPK1 ubiquitination, which induces RIPK1-dependent cell death, has proven to be a useful strategy for improving the therapeutic efficacy of TNF. In this study, we found that eupatolide, isolated from Liriodendron tulipifera, is a potent activator of the cytotoxic potential of RIPK1 by disrupting the ubiquitination of RIPK1 upon TNFR1 ligation. Analysis of events upstream of NF-κB signaling revealed that eupatolide inhibited IKKβ-mediated NF-κB activation while having no effect on IKKα-mediated non-canonical NF-κB activation. Pretreatment with eupatolide drastically interfered with RIPK1 recruitment to the TNFR1 complex-I by disrupting RIPK1 ubiquitination. Moreover, eupatolide was sufficient to upregulate the activation of RIPK1, facilitating the TNF-mediated dual modes of apoptosis and necroptosis. Thus, we propose a novel mechanism by which eupatolide activates the cytotoxic potential of RIPK1 at the TNFR1 level and provides a promising anti-cancer therapeutic approach to overcome TNF resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong Ah Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Seok Jung
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Cheol Sohn
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjin Ju
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghee Shin
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - InWha Park
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Gang Min Hur
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
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Park J, Ngo TH, Paudel SB, Kil YS, Ryoo GH, Jin CH, Choi HI, Jung CH, Na M, Nam JW, Han AR. Angular dihydropyranocoumarins from the flowers of Peucedanum japonicum and their aldo-keto reductase inhibitory activities. Phytochemistry 2024; 219:113974. [PMID: 38211847 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.113974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Twenty-one angular dihydropyranocoumarins and a linear furanocoumarin, including four previously undescribed compounds (1-4), were isolated from the flowers of Peucedanum japonicum (Umbelliferae). The structures of 1-4, along with their absolute stereochemistry, were determined to be (3'S,4'S)-3'-O-propanoyl-4'-O-(3‴-methyl-2‴-butenoyl)khellactone (1), (3'S,4'S)-3'-O-propanoyl-4'-O-(2‴-methyl-2‴Z-butenoyl)khellactone (2), (3'S,4'S)-3'-O-propanoyl-4'-O-(2‴-methylbutanoyl)khellactone (3), and (3'S,4'S)-3'-O-(2″-methylpropanoyl)-4'-O-(3‴-methyl-2‴-butenoyl)khellactone (4) using one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy, and electronic circular dichroism spectroscopy. In addition, the absolute configuration of the three angular dihydropyranocoumarins (5-7) was determined for the first time in this study. Among the previously reported compounds isolated in this study, 8 and 9 were isolated for the first time from the genus Peucedanum, whereas 10 and 11 were previously unreported and had not been isolated from P. japonicum to date. Furthermore, all isolated compounds were evaluated for their aldo-keto reductase 1C1 inhibitory activities on A549 human non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Compounds 10 and 12 exhibited substantial AKR1C1 inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 35.8 ± 0.9 and 44.2 ± 1.5 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisu Park
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, 56212, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Trung Huy Ngo
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunil Babu Paudel
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Seo Kil
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Hee Ryoo
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hyun Jin
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Il Choi
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Hun Jung
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, 54810, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joo-Won Nam
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ah-Reum Han
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, 56212, Republic of Korea.
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Kweon M, Bak KH, Yi HJ, Choi KS, Han MH, Na MK, Chun HJ. Changes in Disc Height as a Prognostic Factor in Patients Undergoing Microscopic Discectomy. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2024; 67:209-216. [PMID: 37799026 PMCID: PMC10924907 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2023.0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Some patients with disc herniation who underwent discectomy complain of back pain after surgery and are unsatisfied with the surgical results. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between preoperative disc height (DH), postoperative DH, and pain score 12 months after surgery in patients who underwent microdiscectomy for herniated lumbar disc. METHODS This study enrolled patients who underwent microdiscectomy at a medical center between January 2012 and December 2020. Patients with X-ray or computed tomography and pain score assessment (visual analog scale score) prior to surgery, immediately post-op, and at 1, 6, and 12 months after surgery were included. The DH index was defined as DH/overlying vertebral width. The DH ratio was defined as the postoperative DH/preoperative DH. Simple linear regression and multivariate linear regression analyses were applied to assess the correlation between DHs and leg pain scores 12 months after surgery. RESULTS A total of 118 patients who underwent microdiscectomy were included. DH decreased up to 12 months after surgery. The DH ratio at 1, 6, and 12 months after discectomy showed a significant positive correlation with the pain scores at 12 months after discectomy (1 month : p=0.045, B=0.52; 6 months : p=0.008, B=0.78; 12 months : p=0.005, B=0.69). Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that the level of surgery, sex, age, and body mass index had no significant relationship with back pain scores after 12 months. CONCLUSION In patients who underwent microdiscectomy, the DH ratios at 1, 6, and 12 months after surgery were prognostic factors for back pain scores at 12 months after surgery. Aggressive discectomy is recommended for lower postoperative DH ratios and Visual analog scale scores, leading to improved patient satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myeonggeon Kweon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hanyang University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Koang-Hum Bak
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hanyang University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeong-Joong Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hanyang University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu-Sun Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hanyang University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung-Hoon Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea
| | - Min-Kyun Na
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hanyang University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyoung-Joon Chun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hanyang University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
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Byun HS, Ju E, Park KA, Sohn KC, Jung CS, Hong JH, Ro H, Lee HY, Quan KT, Park I, Na M, Hur GM. Rubiarbonol B induces RIPK1-dependent necroptosis via NOX1-derived ROS production. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:1677-1696. [PMID: 36163569 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09774-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The activation of receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) by death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) formation is essential for triggering the necroptotic mode of cell death under apoptosis-deficient conditions. Thus, targeting the induction of necroptosis by modulating RIPK1 activity could be an effective strategy to bypass apoptosis resistance in certain types of cancer. In this study, we screened a series of arborinane triterpenoids purified from Rubia philippinesis and identified rubiarbonol B (Ru-B) as a potent caspase-8 activator that induces DISC-mediated apoptosis in multiple types of cancer cells. However, in RIPK3-expressing human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, the pharmacological or genetic inhibition of caspase-8 shifted the mode of cell death by Ru-B from apoptosis to necroptosis though upregulation of RIPK1 phosphorylation. Conversely, Ru-B-induced cell death was almost completely abrogated by RIPK1 deficiency. The enhanced RIPK1 phosphorylation and necroptosis triggered by Ru-B treatment occurred independently of tumor necrosis factor receptor signaling and was mediated by the production of reactive oxygen species via NADPH oxidase 1 in CRC cells. Thus, we propose Ru-B as a novel anticancer agent that activates RIPK1-dependent cell death via ROS production, and suggest its potential as a novel necroptosis-targeting compound in apoptosis-resistant CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Sun Byun
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjin Ju
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Ah Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Cheol Sohn
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Seok Jung
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Hee Hong
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunju Ro
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoi Young Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Khong Trong Quan
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - InWha Park
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute, Gangneung, 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gang Min Hur
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
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Kim JG, Shin H, Lim TH, Kim W, Cho Y, Jang BH, Choi KS, Na MK, Ahn C, Lee J. Efficacy of Quantitative Pupillary Light Reflex for Predicting Neurological Outcomes in Patients Treated with Targeted Temperature Management after Cardiac Arrest: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Medicina (Kaunas) 2022; 58:medicina58060804. [PMID: 35744068 PMCID: PMC9230846 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58060804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: This study aims to evaluate the usefulness of the quantitative pupillary light reflex as a prognostic tool for neurological outcomes in post-cardiac arrest patients treated with targeted temperature management (TTM). Material and Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library (search date: 9 July 2021) for studies on post-cardiac arrest patients treated with TTM that had measured the percent constriction of pupillary light reflex (%PLR) with quantitative pupillometry as well as assessed the neurological outcome. For an assessment of the methodological quality of the included studies, two authors utilized the prognosis study tool independently. Results: A total of 618 patients from four studies were included in this study. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated to compare patients with good or poor neurological outcomes. A higher %PLR measured at 0–24 h after hospital admission was related to good neurological outcomes at 3 months in post-cardiac arrest patients treated with TTM (SMD 0.87; 95% confidence interval 0.70–1.05; I2 = 0%). A higher %PLR amplitude measured at 24–48 h after hospital admission was also associated with a good neurological outcome at 3 months in post-cardiac arrest patients treated with TTM, but with high heterogeneity (standardized mean difference 0.86; 95% confidence interval 0.40–1.32; I2 = 70%). The evidence supporting these findings was of poor quality. For poor neurological outcome, the prognosis accuracy of %PLR was 9.19 (pooled diagnostic odds ratio, I2 = 0%) and 0.75 (area under the curve). Conclusions: The present meta-analysis could not reveal that change of %PLR was an effective tool in predicting neurological outcomes for post-cardiac arrest patients treated with TTM owing to a paucity of included studies and the poor quality of the evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Guk Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Korea; (J.-G.K.); (W.K.); (Y.C.)
| | - Hyungoo Shin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea; (H.S.); (J.L.)
| | - Tae-Ho Lim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea; (H.S.); (J.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2290-9825
| | - Wonhee Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Korea; (J.-G.K.); (W.K.); (Y.C.)
| | - Youngsuk Cho
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Korea; (J.-G.K.); (W.K.); (Y.C.)
| | - Bo-Hyoung Jang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Kyu-Sun Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea; (K.-S.C.); (M.-K.N.)
| | - Min-Kyun Na
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea; (K.-S.C.); (M.-K.N.)
| | - Chiwon Ahn
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea;
| | - Juncheol Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea; (H.S.); (J.L.)
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Son Y, Quan KT, Shin S, Park S, Na M, Oh S. Lucidin 3-methyl ether from Rubia philippinensis suppresses the proliferation of multiple myeloma cells through the promotion of β-catenin degradation. Phytomedicine 2022; 99:153971. [PMID: 35196641 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Constitutive accumulation of β-catenin has been frequently observed in multiple myeloma. Extracts from genus Rubia plants exhibit cytotoxic activity against several types of cancer cells; however, little is known about their chemopreventive mechanisms and bioactive metabolites. PURPOSE Purpose: The study aimed to identify the underlying antiproliferative mechanisms of Rubia philippinensis extract in multiple myeloma cells and the major active metabolites responsible for cytotoxic activity of R. philippinensis. METHODS The effects of R. philippinensis extracts and lucidin 3-methyl ether on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway were determined by cell-based reporter assay, Western blot analysis, and RT-PCR. The antiproliferative activity was evaluated by cell viability assay and apoptosis analysis in RPMI8226 and MM.1S multiple myeloma cells. RESULTS R. philippinensis extracts inhibited Wnt/β-catenin signaling and lucidin 3-methyl ether, an anthraquinone derivative, was identified as the major active metabolite responsible for the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Lucidin 3-methyl ether induced β-catenin phosphorylation at Ser33/Ser37/Thr41 residues and promoted proteasomal degradation of β-catenin via a GSK-3β-independent mechanism, thereby downregulating Wnt3a-induced β-catenin response transcription (CRT). Moreover, lucidin 3-methyl ether repressed the expression of β-catenin/T-cell factor (TCF)-dependent genes, such as cyclin D1, c-myc, and axin-2, thus inhibiting MM cell proliferation. Apoptosis was also elicited by lucidin 3-methyl ether, as indicated by the increase in the population of annexin V-FITC positive cells and caspase-3/7 activity in MM cells. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that R. philippinensis and its active metabolite lucidin 3-methyl ether prevent cell proliferation through the suppression of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and exhibit potential as chemopreventive agents for the treatment of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younglim Son
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Khong Trong Quan
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Subeen Shin
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoyoung Park
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sangtaek Oh
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea.
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Bajpai VK, Bahuguna A, Kumar V, Khan I, Alrokayan SH, Khan HA, Simal-Gandara J, Xiao J, Na M, Sonwal S, Lee H, Kim M, Suk Huh Y, Han YK, Shukla S. Cellular antioxidant potential and inhibition of foodborne pathogens by a sesquiterpene ilimaquinone in cold storaged ground chicken and under temperature-abuse condition. Food Chem 2022; 373:131392. [PMID: 34742043 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A sesquiterpene quinone, ilimaquinone, was accessed for its cellular antioxidant efficacy and possible antimicrobial mechanism of action against foodborne pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) in vitro and in vivo. Ilimaquinone was found to be protective against H2O2-induced oxidative stress as validated by the reduction in the ROS levels, including increasing expression of SOD1 and SOD2 enzymes. Furthermore, ilimaquinone evoked MIC against S. aureus and E. coli within the range of 125-250 µg/mL. Ilimaquinone established its antimicrobial mode of action against both tested pathogens as evident by bacterial membrane depolarization, loss of nuclear genetic material, potassium ion, and release of extracellular ATP, as well as compromised membrane permeabilization and cellular component damage. Also, ilimaquinone showed no teratogenic effect against zebrafish, suggesting its nontoxic nature. Moreover, ilimaquinone significantly reduced the S. aureus count without affecting the sensory properties and color values of cold-storaged ground chicken meat even under temperature abuse condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek K Bajpai
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Ashutosh Bahuguna
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Vishal Kumar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Imran Khan
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Salman H Alrokayan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haseeb A Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sonam Sonwal
- Department of Biological Engineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC), Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoomin Lee
- Department of Biological Engineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC), Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Myunghee Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- Department of Biological Engineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC), Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Kyu Han
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea.
| | - Shruti Shukla
- TERI-Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, The Energy and Resources Institute, Gwal Pahari, Gurugram, Haryana 122003, India.
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Bahuguna A, Pal Khaket T, Bajpai VK, Shukla S, Park I, Na M, Suk Huh Y, Han YK, Chul Kang S, Kim M. N-acetyldopamine dimers from Oxya chinensis sinuosa attenuates lipopolysaccharides induced inflammation and inhibits cathepsin C activity. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:1177-1188. [PMID: 35317232 PMCID: PMC8908036 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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10
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Yoon HG, Ko Y, Kim YS, Bak KH, Chun HJ, Na MK, Yang S, Yi HJ, Choi KS. Efficacy of 3D-Printed Titanium Mesh-Type Patient-Specific Implant for Cranioplasty. Korean J Neurotrauma 2021; 17:91-99. [PMID: 34760819 PMCID: PMC8558026 DOI: 10.13004/kjnt.2021.17.e25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Autologous bone grafting for cranioplasty is associated with a high infection rate and bone absorption. Synthetic implant materials for cranioplasty have been developed. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of titanium mesh-type patient-specific implants (PSIs) for patients with skull defects using the dice similarity coefficient (DSC), clinical outcomes, and artifacts caused by implants. Methods This retrospective study included 40 patients who underwent cranioplasty with a titanium mesh PSI at our institution. Based on preoperative and postoperative computed tomography scans, we calculated DSC and artifacts. Results The calculated DSC of 40 patients was 0.75, and the noise was 13.89% higher in the region of interest (ROI) near the implanted side (average, 7.64 hounsfield unit [HU]±2.62) than in the normal bone (average, 6.72 HU±2.35). However, the image signal-to-noise ratio did not significantly differ between the ROI near the implanted side (4.77±1.78) and normal bone (4.97±1.88). The patients showed no significant perioperative complications that required a secondary operation. Conclusion Titanium mesh-type PSIs for cranioplasty have excellent DSC values with lower artifacts and complication rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Gyu Yoon
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Ko
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Soo Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Koang-Hum Bak
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyoung-Joon Chun
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Kyun Na
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Hyeong-Joong Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu-Sun Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
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11
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Quan KT, Park I, Kim CS, Yoshida W, Ferreira D, Thuong PT, Kim YH, Na M, Oh J. Configurational Assignment of a Flexible Benzo[ g]isochromene Stereodiad from Rubia philippinensis and Inhibition of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Activity. J Nat Prod 2021; 84:2594-2599. [PMID: 34427436 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A new benzo[g]isochromene possessing a conformationally mobile moiety was identified from Rubia philippinensis. The 2D structure was established utilizing spectrometric and spectroscopic techniques with variable temperatures. The configurational investigation of the flexible moiety was investigated utilizing contemporary NMR-combined computational tools such as DP4, direct J-DP4, and DP4 Plus. The probabilities computed from DP4 Plus analysis, featuring inclusion of an additional geometry optimization process, demonstrated more conclusive probability scores among the analyses used. The configurational assignment was also supported by compositional and molecular orbital analyses. Compound 1 inhibited soluble epoxide hydrolase (IC50 = 0.6 ± 0.01 μM), an enzyme associated with cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khong Trong Quan
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - InWha Park
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung Sub Kim
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Wesley Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Daneel Ferreira
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Phuong Thien Thuong
- Biotechnology Division, Vietnam-Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Young Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonseok Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Institute of Biomolecular Design and Discovery, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
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12
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Pham GN, Kang DY, Kim MJ, Han SJ, Lee JH, Na M. Isolation of Sesquiterpenoids and Steroids from the Soft Coral Sinularia brassica and Determination of Their Absolute Configuration. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:523. [PMID: 34564185 PMCID: PMC8466225 DOI: 10.3390/md19090523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Two undescribed rearranged cadinane-type sesquiterpenoids (1-2), named sinulaketol A-B, together with one new chlorinated steroid (3), one new gorgosterol (4), one known sesquiterpene (5), one known dibromoditerpene (6) and two known polyhydroxylated steroids (7-8) were isolated from the soft coral Sinularia brassica. The structures of these compounds were established by extensive spectroscopic analysis, including HRESIMS, 1D, and 2D NMR spectroscopy. Their absolute configurations were also determined by the ECD calculations and DP4+ probability analysis. Antileishmanial activity of compounds 1-8 was evaluated in vitro against the amastigote forms of Leishmania donovani, in which compounds 3, 6, and 7 inhibited the growth of L. donovani by 58.7, 74.3, 54.7%, respectively, at a concentration of 50 μM. Antimicrobial effect of the isolated compounds were also evaluated against Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. Compound 6, a brominated diterpene, exhibited antimicrobial effect against S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giang Nam Pham
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (G.N.P.); (D.Y.K.)
| | - Da Yeun Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (G.N.P.); (D.Y.K.)
| | - Min Ju Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea; (M.J.K.); (S.J.H.)
| | - Se Jong Han
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea; (M.J.K.); (S.J.H.)
- Department of Polar Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Incheon 21990, Korea;
| | - Jun Hyuck Lee
- Department of Polar Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Incheon 21990, Korea;
- Research Unit of Cryogenic Novel Material, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (G.N.P.); (D.Y.K.)
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Piao X, Byun HS, Lee SR, Ju E, Park KA, Sohn KC, Quan KT, Lee J, Na M, Hur GM. 8-Geranylumbelliferone isolated from Paramignya trimera triggers RIPK1/RIPK3-dependent programmed cell death upon TNFR1 ligation. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 192:114733. [PMID: 34411570 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling, IκB kinase (IKK) complex-mediated activation of NF-κB is a well-known protective mechanism against cell death via transcriptional induction of pro-survival genes occurring as a late checkpoint. However, recent belief holds that IKK functions as an early cell death checkpoint to suppress the death-inducing signaling complex by regulating receptor interacting protein kinase1 (RIPK1) phosphorylation. In this study, we propose that two major gernaylated 7-hydroxy coumarins, 6-geranyl-7-hydroxycoumarin (ostruthin) and 8-geranyl-7-hydroxycoumarin (8-geranylumbelliferone, 8-GU) isolated from Paramignya timera, facilitate RIPK1-dependent dual modes of apoptosis and necroptosis by targeting IKKβ upon TNF receptor1 (TNFR1) ligation. Analysis of events upstream of NF-κB revealed that 8-GU and ostruthin drastically inhibited TNF-induced IKK phosphorylation, while having no effect on TAK1 phosphorylation and TNFR1 complex-I formation. Interestingly, 8-GU did not affect the cell death induced by Fas ligand or TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand or that induced by DNA-damaging agents, indicating that 8-GU sensitizes TNF-induced cell death exclusively. Moreover, 8-GU accelerated TNF-driven necroptosis by up-regulating necrosome formation in FADD deficient cancer cells harboring RIPK3. Thus, the present study provides new insights into the molecular mechanism underlying geranylated 7-hydroxy coumarin-mediated control of the RIPK1-dependent early cell death checkpoint and suggests that 8-GU is a potential anti-cancer therapeutic via an alternative apoptosis-independent strategy to overcome TNF resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhe Piao
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sun Byun
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Ra Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjin Ju
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Ah Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Cheol Sohn
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Khong Trong Quan
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinbae Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gang Min Hur
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.
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Bahuguna A, Bharadwaj S, Bajpai VK, Shukla S, Won DW, Park I, Na M, Sonwal S, Huh YS, Han YK, Simal-Gandara J, Xiao J, Kim M. Insights into cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition by isolated bioactive compounds 3-caffeoyl-4-dihydrocaffeoyl quinic acid and isorhamnetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside from Salicornia herbacea. Phytomedicine 2021; 90:153638. [PMID: 34275700 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an important enzyme with numerous biological functions. Overexpression of COX-2 has been associated with various inflammatory-related diseases and therefore, projected as an important pharmacological target. PURPOSE We aimed to investigate the inhibitory potential of isolated bioactive compounds, 3-caffeoyl-4-dihydrocaffeoyl quinic acid (CDQ) and isorhamnetin 3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (IDG), from Salicornia herbacea against COX-2 using both computational and in vitro approaches. METHODS Computational analysis, including molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and post-simulations analysis, were employed to estimate the binding affinity and stability of CDQ and IDG in the catalytic pocket of COX-2 against Celecoxib as positive control. These predictions were further evaluated using in vitro enzyme inhibition as well as gene expression mediation in macrophages cells. RESULTS Molecular docking analysis revealed substantial binding energy of CDQ (-6.1 kcal/mol) and IDG (-5.9 kcal/mol) with COX-2, which are lower than Celecoxib (-8.1 kcal/mol). MD simulations (100 ns) and post simulation analysis exhibited the substantial stability and binding affinity of docked CDQ and IDG compounds with COX-2. In vitro assays indicated significant COX-2 inhibition by CDQ (IC50 = 76.91 ± 2.33 μM) and IDG (IC50 = 126.06 ± 9.44 μM). This result supported the inhibitory potential of isolated bioactive compounds against COX-2. Also, a cellular level study revealed a downregulation of COX-2 expression in tumor necrosis factor-alpha stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with CDQ and IDG. CONCLUSION Computational and experimental analysis of CDQ and IDG from S. herbacea established their potential in the inhibition and mediation of COX-2. Hence, CDQ and IDG can be considered for therapeutic development against COX-2 linked disorders, such as inflammation and cancer. Furthermore, CDQ and IDG structures can be served as a lead compound for the development of advanced novel anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Bahuguna
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, South Korea
| | - Shiv Bharadwaj
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Vivek K Bajpai
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, South Korea
| | - Shruti Shukla
- TERI-Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, The Energy and Resources Institute, Gwal Pahari, Gurugram, Haryana 122003, India
| | - Dong Wook Won
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - InWha Park
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung, Gangwon-do 25451, South Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea.
| | - Sonam Sonwal
- Department of Biological Engineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC), Inha University, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- Department of Biological Engineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC), Inha University, Incheon 22212, South Korea.
| | - Young-Kyu Han
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, South Korea.
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Myunghee Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, South Korea.
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15
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Cao DT, Huong Doan TM, Pham VC, Minh Le TH, Chae JW, Yun HY, Na MK, Kim YH, Pham MQ, Nguyen VH. Molecular design of anticancer drugs from marine fungi derivatives. RSC Adv 2021; 11:20173-20179. [PMID: 35479875 PMCID: PMC9033662 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01855h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is one of the most potential targets in cancer therapy. We have demonstrated using a combination of molecular docking and fast pulling of ligand (FPL) simulations that marine fungi derivatives can be possible inhibitors, preventing the biological activity of Hsp90. The computational approaches were validated and compared with previous experiments. Based on the benchmark of available inhibitors of Hsp90, the GOLD docking package using the ChemPLP scoring function was found to be superior over both Autodock Vina and Autodock4 in the preliminary estimation of the ligand-binding affinity and binding pose with the Pearson correlation, R = -0.62. Moreover, FPL calculations were also indicated as a suitable approach to refine docking simulations with a correlation coefficient with the experimental data of R = -0.81. Therefore, the binding affinity of marine fungi derivatives to Hsp90 was evaluated. Docking and FPL calculations suggest that five compounds including 23, 40, 46, 48, and 52 are highly potent inhibitors for Hsp90. The obtained results enhance cancer therapy research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc Tuan Cao
- Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy Haiphong Vietnam
| | - Thi Mai Huong Doan
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Van Cuong Pham
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Thi Hong Minh Le
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Jung-Woo Chae
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Hwi-Yeol Yun
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Minh Quan Pham
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Van Hung Nguyen
- Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy Haiphong Vietnam
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Park I, Byun HS, Hur GM, Na M. Tulipiferamide A, an Alkamide from Liriodendron tulipifera, Exhibits an Anti-Inflammatory Effect via Targeting IKKβ Phosphorylation. J Nat Prod 2021; 84:1598-1606. [PMID: 33939429 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Three new alkamides, tulipiferamides A-C (1-3, respectively), and 30 known compounds (4-33) were obtained from the roots of Liriodendron tulipifera (Magnoliaceae). Dehydrotemisin (4), an elemane sesquiterpene lactone, was isolated for the first time from nature. The structures were deduced by the interpretation of NMR spectroscopic and MS spectral data. The geometries of the double bonds in tulipiferamides A-C (1-3, respectively) were determined on the basis of 1H-1H coupling constants and 13C chemical shifts. The presence of the alkamide type in this plant is reported for the first time. An analysis of the inflammatory response revealed that seven compounds (1, 4, 7, 9, 14, 23, and 27) suppressed the nitric oxide production induced by LPS in RAW264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, tulipiferamide A (1) inhibits NF-κB activation by selectively targeting IKKβ, an upstream kinase of NF-κB, resulting in the suppression of inflammatory mediators, including iNOS, COX-2, IL-1β, TNFα, and IL-6. Our results provide a rationale for the further development of tulipiferamide A as a selective IKKβ inhibitor to modulate inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- InWha Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sun Byun
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Gang Min Hur
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
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17
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Abstract
Paratrimerins J-Y (1-13 and 16-18), new dimeric coumarins, were obtained from the EtOH(aq) extract of the stems of Paramignya trimera (Rutaceae) utilizing LC/MS guided isolation. The structures of the dimeric coumarins were elucidated based on 1D/2D NMR spectroscopic and HR-ESIMS data analyses. The absolute configurations of paratrimerins J-Y along with those of two known dimers paratrimerins A (14) and B (15) were established on the basis of the experimental and simulated ECD data. In addition, the absolute configurations of the sugar units of paratrimerins A, B, and J-V (1-15) were confirmed by LC/MS analysis on l-cysteine methyl ester and phenyl isothiocyanate derivatives. The variety of the absolute configurations of the dimeric diastereomers 1-15 highlighted a diversity in stereochemical outcomes following a Diels-Alder biosynthesis in P. trimera. With regard to P. trimera being a recently emerging medicinal resource for liver cancer, the dimers 1-18 were evaluated for cytotoxicity against a wide panel of human cancer cell lines. Paratrimerin W (16) was cytotoxic toward Huh7 hepatocellular carcinoma, HT1080 fibrosarcoma, and HT29 colorectal cancer cells with IC50 values of 14.9, 18.4, and 22.5 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khong Trong Quan
- Pharmacognosy Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Bong Park
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Chemical Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Hanna Yuk
- Molecular and Translational Research Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jin Lee
- Molecular and Translational Research Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- Pharmacognosy Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
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18
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Kim KM, Lee JY, Jeon BH, Quan KT, Na M, Nam KW, Chae S. Extract of Curcuma zedoaria R. prevents atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Nutr Res Pract 2021; 15:319-328. [PMID: 34093973 PMCID: PMC8155225 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2021.15.3.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Curcuma zedoaria R. (Zingiberaceae) has been used to treat headache, fever, and hypertension-related symptoms in Asian countries, including Korea, China, and Japan. We investigated whether dietary intake of a C. zedoaria extract (CzE) affected atherosclerosis in vivo. MATERIALS/METHODS Apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice (n = 32) were fed a normal diet (ND), a high-cholesterol diet (HCD), an HCD containing CzE (100 mg/kg/day), or an HCD containing simvastatin (10 mg/kg/day) for 12 weeks. The anti-atherosclerotic effects were evaluated by observing changes in fatty streak lesions, immunohistochemical analysis, ex vivo fluorescence imaging, lipid profiles, and western blot analysis. RESULTS The CzE-fed group showed a 41.6% reduction of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, CzE significantly reduced the levels of serum triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, the chemokine (C-X3-C-motif) ligand 1, the adhesion molecules vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, intracellular adhesion molecule-1, and E-selectin; down-regulation of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, high mobility group box-1, and cathepsin levels in the aortic sinuses and aortas of ApoE−/− mice were also observed. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the inclusion of a water extract of C. zedoaria in a HCD is closely correlated with reducing the risk of vascular inflammatory diseases in an ApoE mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Mo Kim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea.,Department of Korean Life Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Joo Young Lee
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea
| | - Byeong Hwa Jeon
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Khong Trong Quan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Kung-Woo Nam
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Korea
| | - Sungwook Chae
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea.,Department of Korean Life Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
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Hahn D, Lee T, Lee S, Bae JS, Na M, Kim M. Discovery and Quantitative Analysis of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor (Nrf2) Activators in Maca (Lepidium meyenii) Using the Synthetic Macamides. Curr Dev Nutr 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa045_034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Maca (Lepidium meyenii) is a biennial herbaceous plant of family Brassicaceae with various bioactivities such as reproductive health enhancement, antifatigue, antioxidation, neuroprotection, anticancer, hepatoprotection, and immunomodulation. But studies on molecular mechanisms beyond the phenomenal physiology are rare because the putative bioactive chemical constituents, macamides, a series of unique N-benzylamides with long-chain fatty acids are difficult to isolate from the natural maca specimen. In this study, ten macamides were chemically synthesized to investigate biological mechanisms underlying the various bioactivities.
Methods
Macamides were synthesized from benzylamides and commercially available fatty acids adding 1,1'-carbonyl diimidazole. Nrf2 activation of macamides were measured using U2OS cells in CP0. Quantitative analysis of bioactive macamides were performed using LC-MS/MS system and synthesized standard macamides. The difference in composition of macamides among three cultivars, yellow, red and black macas was also examined.
Results
Three of macamides exhibited moderate nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation was observed from cell-based assay (EC50 7.3–16.5 μM), which might account for some of the known bioactivities of maca. Quantitative analysis of macamide compositions in maca specimen using LC-MS/MS was followed, which revealed the macamides with Nrf2 activation activity consist the majority among macamides contained in maca.
Conclusions
Among the bioactivities that have known as the beneficial effects of maca, bioactivities related to antioxidation might be accounted for the Nrf2 activation of macamides contained in maca.
Funding Sources
This research was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (2019R1F1A1051041).
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Kim YJ, Lim HS, Kim JH, Na M, Jeong SJ. Quantitative Analysis of 7 Compounds in Diospyros lotus Leaf Extract and Its Biological Effects on Neuroprotection and Antineuroinflammation. Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20924859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Diospyros lotus L. (Ebenaceae) is a deciduous plant that was traditionally used to treat various diseases such as sedation, constipation, and hypertension. However, its effects on Alzheimer’s diseases (AD) have not been reported. We investigated the potent biological effects of D. lotus on AD and performed quantitative analysis of 7 standard compounds in D. lotus leaves. First, two parts leaf and branch of D. lotus were compared to examine the effects on amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregation and oxidative stress. Ethanol extract of D. lotus leaves (EDLL) had higher activities on the Aβ disaggregation and antioxidation compared with ethanol extract of D. lotus branches (EDLB). Second, we have focused on the biological activities of EDLL for neurocellular analyses. In HT22 neuronal cells, EDLL reversed hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-damaged cell death. In BV-2 microglia, EDLL suppressed lipopolysaccharide-stimulated productions of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2. Third, we performed quantitative analyses of 7 standard compounds in D. lotus using high-performance liquid chromatography. Among 7 compounds, myricitrin (44.189 mg/g) was the most abundant compound in EDLL. Myricetin presented the marked inhibitory effect on Aβ aggregation, indicating its potential as a bioactive compound to control Aβ aggregation. Overall, this study suggests that EDLL may be a promising therapeutic agent for AD via Aβ disaggregation, and inhibition of neuronal cell damage and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin Kim
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Sun Lim
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Hwan Kim
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Jeong
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Kang K, Quan KT, Byun HS, Lee SR, Piao X, Ju E, Park KA, Sohn KC, Shen HM, Na M, Hur GM. 3-O-acetylrubianol C (3AR-C) induces RIPK1-dependent programmed cell death by selective inhibition of IKKβ. FASEB J 2020; 34:4369-4383. [PMID: 32027418 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902547r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling, phosphorylation and activation of receptor interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) by upstream kinases is an essential checkpoint in the suppression of TNF-induced cell death. Thus, discovery of pharmacological agents targeting RIPK1 may provide new strategies for improving the therapeutic efficacy of TNF. In this study, we found that 3-O-acetylrubianol C (3AR-C), an arborinane triterpenoid isolated from Rubia philippinesis, promoted TNF-induced apoptotic and necroptotic cell death. To identify the molecular mechanism, we found that in mouse embryonic fibroblasts, 3AR-C drastically upregulated RIPK1 kinase activity by selectively inhibiting IKKβ. Notably, 3AR-C did not interfere with IKKα or affect the formation of the TNF receptor1 (TNFR1) complex-I. Moreover, in human cancer cells, 3AR-C was only sufficient to sensitize TNF-induced cell death when c-FLIPL expression was downregulated to facilitate the formation of TNFR1 complex-II and necrosome. Taken together, our study identified a novel arborinane triterpenoid 3AR-C as a potent activator of TNF-induced cell death via inhibition of IKKβ phosphorylation and promotion of the cytotoxic potential of RIPK1, thus providing a rationale for further development of 3AR-C as a selective IKKβ inhibitor to overcome TNF resistance in cancer therpay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kidong Kang
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Khong Trong Quan
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sun Byun
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Ra Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Xuezhe Piao
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjin Ju
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Ah Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Cheol Sohn
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Ming Shen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gang Min Hur
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Im AR, Park I, Ji KY, Lee JY, Kim KM, Na M, Chae S. Protective effects of Oxya chinensis sinuosa Mishchenko against ultraviolet B-induced photodamage in hairless mice. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:286. [PMID: 31660950 PMCID: PMC6819654 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2692-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Edible insects, including Oxya chinensis sinuosa Mishchenko (Oc), which is consumed as food in Asia, are considered as a human food shortage alternative, and also as a preventive measure against environmental destruction. Ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation, which causes skin photodamage, is considered as an extrinsic skin aging factor. It reduces skin hydration, and increases wrinkle formation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory cytokine expression. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the anti-aging effects of an ethanol extract of Oc (Oc.Ex). Methods A UVB-irradiated hairless mouse model was used to examine relevant changes in skin hydration, wrinkle formation, and skin epidermal thickness. Also, antioxidant markers such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were analyzed, and Oc. Ex skin protective effects against UVB irradiation-induced photoaging were examined by determining the levels of skin hydration factors. Results Oc.Ex improved epidermal barrier dysfunctions such as increased transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and capacitance reduction in UVB-irradiated mice. It upregulated skin hydration-related markers, including hyaluronic acid (HA), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, and pro-collagen, in UVB-irradiated mice, compared with the vehicle control group. It also reduced UVB-induced wrinkle formation, collagen degradation, and epidermal thickness. Additionally, it remarkably suppressed the increased expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and restored the activity of SOD and CAT in UVB-irradiated mice, compared with the vehicle control group. Furthermore, Oc. Ex treatment downregulated the production of inflammatory cytokines and phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathway activated by UVB irradiation. Conclusion This study revealed that Oc. Ex reduced skin thickness and the degradation of collagen fibers by increasing hydration markers and collagen-regulating factors in the skin of UVB-irradiated mice. It also inhibited UVB-induced antioxidant enzyme activity and inflammatory cytokine expression via MAPK signaling downregulation, suggesting that it prevents UVB-induced skin damage and photoaging, and has potential for clinical development in skin disease treatment.
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Lee SR, Quan KT, Byun HS, Park I, Kang K, Piao X, Ju E, Ro H, Na M, Hur GM. Accelerated degradation of cFLIP L and sensitization of the TRAIL DISC-mediated apoptotic cascade by pinoresinol, a lignan isolated from Rubia philippinensis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13505. [PMID: 31534206 PMCID: PMC6751165 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49909-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived lignans have numerous biological effects including anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities. Screening of purified constituents of Rubia philippinensis from human glioblastoma cells resistant to TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has suggested that the lignan pinoresinol was a highly active TRAIL sensitizer. Here we show that treatment with nontoxic doses of pinoresinol in combination with TRAIL induced rapid apoptosis and caspase activation in many types of glioblastoma cells, but not in normal astrocytes. Analyses of apoptotic signaling events revealed that pinoresinol enhanced the formation of TRAIL-mediated death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) and complete processing of procaspase-8 within the DISC in glioblastoma cells, in which caspase-8 was inactivated. Mechanistically, pinoresinol downregulated the expression of cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (cFLIPL) and survivin through proteasome-mediated degradation, without affecting death receptors or downstream intracellular apoptosis-related proteins. Furthermore, the sensitization of TRAIL-mediated apoptosis by pinoresinol strictly depended on the expression level of cFLIPL, which was regulated through de novo protein synthesis, rather than by NF-κB or p53 signaling. Taken together, our results indicate that pinoresinol facilitates DISC-mediated caspase-8 activation by targeting cFLIPL in an early event in apoptotic signaling, which provides a potential therapeutic module for TRAIL-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Ra Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Khong Trong Quan
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sun Byun
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - InWha Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Kidong Kang
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Xuezhe Piao
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjin Ju
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunju Ro
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gang Min Hur
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
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Quan KT, Min BG, Hwang IH, Choi YJ, Kim SK, Na M. Oleanane triterpenoids from Rubia philippinensis and their inhibitory effect on 20-HETE synthesis. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:1267-1273. [PMID: 31343260 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1645656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A new oleanane triterpenoid (2) was isolated from the roots of Rubia philippinensis. The structure of 2 was determined by analysis of HRMS and NMR data and identified as a rubiprasin analogue, 16β-hydroxyrubiprasin B. Four related known compounds were also encountered which include rubiprasin B (1), maslinic acid (3), 4-epi-hederagenin (4) and oleanolic acid (5). The compounds 3-5 displayed moderate inhibitory activity against the synthesis of the eicosanoid 20-HETE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khong Trong Quan
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Gu Min
- Pharmaceutical Central R&D Center, Korea United Pharm. Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In Hyun Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Jung Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kyum Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Park HS, Jo E, Han JH, Jung SH, Lee DH, Park I, Heo KS, Na M, Myung CS. Hepatoprotective effects of an Acer tegmentosum Maxim extract through antioxidant activity and the regulation of autophagy. J Ethnopharmacol 2019; 239:111912. [PMID: 31029758 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.111912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Acer tegmentosum Maxim (AT), the East Asian stripe maple, is an herb used to treat liver disease and is approved as a functional food in Korea. AT protects against hepatic disorders, atopic dermatitis, and diabetes mellitus. AIM OF THE STUDY We explored the mechanism of the hepatoprotective effects of AT extract in in vitro and in vivo levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS AT extract from Acer tegmentosum Maxim was extracted by hot water. Hepatoprotective effects of AT extract were confirmed using carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)- or alcohol-induced mouse model, and H2O2- or alcohol-induced HepG2 (liver hepatocellular carcinoma cell line) cells by measuring GOT, GPT, TG, and MDA levels. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to observe the pathological analysis. Cytotoxicity or protective effect of AT extract was confirmed using MTT assay in HepG2 cells. Antioxidant effect of AT extract was measured using DPPH or H2DCFDA assay. Mechanism study of antioxidant and autophagy was carried out using western blotting and immunofluorescence analysis. RESULTS AT extract increased the viability of HepG2 cells treated with H2O2 and ethanol, and protected the liver against damage induced by CCl4 and alcohol. The AT extract increased the levels of nuclear respiratory factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). The level of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3)-Ⅱ, beclin-1, autophagy-related genes (Atg) such as Atg3 and Atg12-5 as markers of autophagy activation was also increased. Moreover, the AT extract increased activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), which regulated autophagy and HO-1. CONCLUSION Therefore, these results indicate that the AT extract has a hepatoprotective effect by increasing antioxidant activity and inducing autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Soo Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eunji Jo
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joo-Hui Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Hyuk Jung
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Do-Hyung Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - InWha Park
- Pharmacognosy, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung-Sun Heo
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - MinKyun Na
- Pharmacognosy, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea; Institute of Drug Research & Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chang-Seon Myung
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea; Institute of Drug Research & Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
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Park I, Lee W, Kim H, Quan KT, Kim D, Bae JS, Na M. Antithrombotic and Antiplatelet Activities of New Isohopane Triterpene From the Roots of Rubia akane. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x19862914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A new isohopane triterpenoid (1) and two known triterpenoids (2-3) were isolated from the roots of Rubia akane (Rubiaceae). The molecular formula C30H46O4 of 1 was determined by HRESIMS. Detailed NMR spectroscopic data analysis suggested that compound 1 is a new isohopane triterpenoid with a ketone moiety at C-16. Based on the key NOE correlations of H-3/H-5 and H-21/H3-28, compound 1 was determined as 3β-hydroxy-16-oxo-21β-isohop-22(29)-en-24-oic acid. The anticoagulant activities of new isohopane 1 were evaluated by monitoring activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothrombin time (PT), and the activities of thrombin (Factor IIa, FIIa) and activated factor X (FXa). The effects of 1 on expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) were evaluated in tumor necrosis factor-α activated human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Treatment with 1 (200 μM) resulted in the prolongation of aPTT and PT and the inhibition of relative thrombin (28%) and FXa (29%) activities. In addition, 1 inhibited thrombin-catalyzed fibrin polymerization (18% inhibition at 100 μM) and platelet aggregation (21.8% inhibition at 100 μM). Compound 1 also elicited anticoagulant effects in mice in a dose-dependent manner ranging from 18.8 to 94.0 μg/mouse. In addition, treatment with 1 resulted in significant reduction of the PAI-1 to t-PA ratio (25% decreased). Collectively, the new isohopane triterpenoid 1 possesses antithrombotic activities and offers a basis for the development of a new anticoagulant agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- InWha Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonhwa Lee
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyelim Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Khong Trong Quan
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - DaYoung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sup Bae
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Ji KY, Kim KM, Kim YH, Im AR, Lee JY, Park B, Na M, Chae S. The enhancing immune response and anti-inflammatory effects of Anemarrhena asphodeloides extract in RAW 264.7 cells. Phytomedicine 2019; 59:152789. [PMID: 31009851 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anemarrhena asphodeloides has been widely used in traditional medicine for thousands of years; it has been reported to improve learning and memory, and to reduce inflammation. However, the role of A. asphodeloides in enhancing the immune response has remained unclear. PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the effect of A. asphodeloides extract (AA-Ex) on enhancing the immune response in macrophages and to identify the active compounds causing these effects. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS To determine the enhancing immune response of AA-Ex and its active compounds, cell proliferation and cell cycle of RAW 264.7 cells were analyzed by MTS assay and flow cytometry. The gene expression of p53, p27, cyclin D2, and cyclin E2 was measured by real-time PCR. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of AA-Ex and its active compounds, the production of nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and pro-inflammatory cytokines was analyzed by Griess reagent, flow cytometry, and real-time PCR. The phosphorylation of p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, inhibitory kappa B alpha, and p65 was examined by western blot analysis. RESULTS AA-Ex increased cell proliferation by extending the cell cycle S-phase; timosaponin B and timosaponin B-II affected cell proliferation and the cell cycle as active compounds of A. asphodeloides. Next, we determined that A. asphodeloides displayed anti-inflammatory effects, including the inhibition of the production of NO, ROS, and pro-inflammatory cytokines through the suppression of mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor kappa B phosphorylation downstream of the toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway. Moreover, we identified that timosaponin B and timosaponin B-II were the active compounds for these effects. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that A. asphodeloides promotes the immune response and has anti-inflammatory effects. Moreover, timosaponin B and B-II played important roles as the active compounds of A. asphodeloides in enhancing the immune and anti-inflammatory responses in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kon-Young Ji
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Mo Kim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; Department of Korean Life Science and Technology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Hee Kim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - A-Rang Im
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Young Lee
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Boram Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwook Chae
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; Department of Korean Life Science and Technology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
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Im AR, Ji KY, Park I, Lee JY, Kim KM, Na M, Chae S. Anti-Photoaging Effects of Four Insect Extracts by Downregulating Matrix Metalloproteinase Expression via Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase-Dependent Signaling. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11051159. [PMID: 31126154 PMCID: PMC6566685 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Insects are some of the most diverse organisms on the planet, and have potential value as food or medicine. Here, we investigated the photoprotective properties of insect extracts using hairless mice. The alleviating wrinkle formation effects of insect extracts were evaluated by histological skin analysis to determine epidermal thickness and identify collagen fiber damage. Moreover, we investigated the ability of the insect extracts to alleviate UVB-induced changes to matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), oxidative damage, the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathway, and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Insect extracts reduced UVB-induced skin winkles, epidermal thickening, and collagen breakdown, and alleviated the epidermal barrier dysfunction induced by UVB, including the increased loss of transepidermal water. Moreover, the expression of skin hydration-related markers such as hyaluronic acid, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and procollagen was upregulated in the group treated with insect extracts compared to the vehicle-treated group after ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure. UVB irradiation also upregulated the expression of MMPs, the phosphorylation of MAPKs, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, which were all attenuated by the oral administration of insect extracts. These results indicate the photoaging protection effect of insect extracts and the underlying mechanism, demonstrating the potential for clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Rang Im
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea.
| | - Kon-Young Ji
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea.
| | - InWha Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
| | - Joo Young Lee
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea.
| | - Ki Mo Kim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea.
- University of Science and Technology, Korean Convergence Medicine, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Korea.
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
| | - Sungwook Chae
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea.
- University of Science and Technology, Korean Convergence Medicine, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Korea.
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Alam MB, Bajpai VK, Ra JS, Lim JY, An H, Shukla S, Quan KT, Khan I, Huh YS, Han YK, Na M, Lee SH. Anthraquinone-type inhibitor of α-glucosidase enhances glucose uptake by activating an insulin-like signaling pathway in C2C12 myotubes. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 129:337-343. [PMID: 31071387 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study assesses the ability of anthraquinone derivative, 2-methyl-1,3,6-trihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone (MTAQ) to decrease postprandial hyperglycemia or enhance glucose uptake and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism. We investigated α-glucosidase inhibition, glucose uptake, and translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) in C2C12 myotubes. The data indicate that MTAQ strongly inhibited α-glucosidase activity in a concentration-dependent manner, with an IC50 value of 6.49 ± 1.31 μM, and functioned as a reversible competitive inhibitor, with a dissociation constant of 41.88 μM. Moreover, MTAQ significantly augmented basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake as well as translocation of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane. It also stimulated the phosphorylation of insulin receptor β isoform, insulin receptor substrate-1,3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1, and protein kinase B (AKT). A pretreatment with an AKT inhibitor, LY294002, attenuated the ability of MTAQ to activate an insulin-like signaling pathway and to enhance basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and stimulate GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane. These findings reveal the fact that MTAQ may have potential for the development of new antidiabetic drugs to manage blood glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Badrul Alam
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Vivek K Bajpai
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sic Ra
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Ji-Young Lim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Hongyan An
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Shruti Shukla
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Khong Trong Quan
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Biological Engineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC), Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- Department of Biological Engineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC), Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Kyu Han
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea.
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Han Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea.
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Ji KY, Kim KM, Kim YH, Im AR, Lee JY, Park B, Na M, Chae S. The enhancing immune response and anti-inflammatory effects of Anemarrhena asphodeloides extract in RAW 264.7 cells. Advances in Integrative Medicine 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aimed.2019.03.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Son Y, An Y, Jung J, Shin S, Park I, Gwak J, Ju BG, Chung YH, Na M, Oh S. Protopine isolated from Nandina domestica induces apoptosis and autophagy in colon cancer cells by stabilizing p53. Phytother Res 2019; 33:1689-1696. [PMID: 30932278 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 plays essential roles in cellular protection mechanisms against a variety of stress stimuli and its activation induces apoptosis or autophagy in certain cancer cells. Here, we identified protopine, an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Nandina domestica, as an activator of the p53 pathway from cell-based natural compound screening based on p53-responsive transcription. Protopine increased the p53-mediated transcriptional activity and promoted p53 phosphorylation at the Ser15 residue, resulting in stabilization of p53 protein. Moreover, protopine up-regulated the expression of p21WAF1/CIP1 and BAX, downstream genes of p53, and inhibited the proliferation of HCT116 colon cancer cells. Apoptosis was elicited by protopine as indicated by caspase-3/7 activation, poly ADP ribose polymerase cleavage, and increased population of Annexin V-FITC-positive cells. Furthermore, protopine induced the formation of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) puncta and LC3-II turnover, typical biochemical markers of autophagy, in HCT116 cells. Our findings suggest that protopine exerts its antiproliferative activity by stimulating the p53 pathway and may have potential as a chemopreventive agent for human colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younglim Son
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, BK21 PLUS Program, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Younju An
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, BK21 PLUS Program, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyeon Jung
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, BK21 PLUS Program, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sora Shin
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, BK21 PLUS Program, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - InWha Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungsug Gwak
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Gun Ju
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hwa Chung
- BK21+, Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangtaek Oh
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, BK21 PLUS Program, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Son H, Noh K, Kang C, Na M, Oh S, Song IS, Kang W. HPLC-MS/MS analysis of ilimaquinone and its application in a pharmacokinetic study in rats. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 166:291-294. [PMID: 30684930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Ilimaquinone, a metabolite isolated from the marine sponge Hippiospongia metachromia, has antimicrobial, cytotoxic, anti-HIV, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activities. A new quantitative analytical method for determination of ilimaquinone in rat plasma using HPLC-MS/MS was developed and validated. Ascorbic acid was added to ensure the stability of ilimaquinone in plasma. After protein precipitation using acetonitrile plus diclofenac as an internal standard, the analytes were chromatographed on a biphenyl column with a mobile phase of methanol and water (8:2, v/v, including 0.1% formic acid). This method was successfully applied in a pharmacokinetic study of ilimaquinone after oral administration in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heebin Son
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Keumhan Noh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, Canada
| | - Changhyun Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Sangtaek Oh
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, South Korea
| | - Im-Sook Song
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea.
| | - Wonku Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, South Korea.
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Oh J, Quan KT, Lee JS, Park I, Kim CS, Ferreira D, Thuong PT, Kim YH, Na M. NMR-Based Investigation of Hydrogen Bonding in a Dihydroanthracen-1(4 H)one from Rubia philippinensis and Its Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitory Potential. J Nat Prod 2018; 81:2429-2435. [PMID: 30354105 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen bonding is a vital feature of a large ensemble of chemical structures. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) has been targeted for development of the treatment for inflammation-associated diseases. Compounds 1 and 2 were purified from Rubia philippinensis, and their structures were established via physical data analysis. Compound 1 possesses intramolecular hydrogen bonding, sufficiently robust to transfer heteronuclear magnetization via a nonbonded interaction. The bonding strength was assessed using the 1H NMR chemical shift temperature coefficients (-1.8 ppb/K), and the heteronuclear coupling constants were measured. The stereochemical details were investigated using interproton distance analysis and ECD. Purified compounds displayed moderate sEH-inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonseok Oh
- Department of Chemistry , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , United States
- Chemical Biology Institute , Yale University , West Haven , Connecticut 06516 , United States
| | - Khong Trong Quan
- College of Pharmacy , Chungnam National University , Daejeon 34134 , Republic of Korea
- Department of Herbal Analysis and Standardization , National Institute of Medicinal Materials , Hanoi , Vietnam
| | - Ji Sun Lee
- College of Pharmacy , Chungnam National University , Daejeon 34134 , Republic of Korea
| | - InWha Park
- College of Pharmacy , Chungnam National University , Daejeon 34134 , Republic of Korea
| | - Chung Sub Kim
- Department of Chemistry , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , United States
- Chemical Biology Institute , Yale University , West Haven , Connecticut 06516 , United States
| | - Daneel Ferreira
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy , The University of Mississippi , University , Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Phuong Thien Thuong
- Department of Herbal Analysis and Standardization , National Institute of Medicinal Materials , Hanoi , Vietnam
| | - Young Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy , Chungnam National University , Daejeon 34134 , Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy , Chungnam National University , Daejeon 34134 , Republic of Korea
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Byun HS, Zhou W, Park I, Kang K, Lee SR, Piao X, Park JB, Kwon TK, Na M, Hur GM. C-27-carboxylated oleanane triterpenoids up-regulate TRAIL DISC assembly via p38 MAPK and CHOP-mediated DR5 expression in human glioblastoma cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 158:243-260. [PMID: 30359578 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Despite recent tremendous progress, targeting of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) as a cancer therapy has limited success in many clinical trials, in part due to inactivation of death inducing signaling complex (DISC)-mediated caspase-8 signaling cascade in highly malignant tumors such as glioblastoma. In this study, screening of constituents derived from Astilbe rivularis for TRAIL-sensitizing activity identified C-27-carboxylated oleanolic acid derivatives (C27OAs) including 3β-hydroxyolean-12-en-27-oic acid (C27OA-1), 3β,6β,7α-trihydroxyolean-12-en-27-oic acid (C27OA-2), and 3β-trans-p-coumaroyloxy-olean-12-en-27-oic acid (C27OA-3) as novel TRAIL sensitizers. Interestingly, these C27OAs did not affect apoptotic cell death induced by either ligation of other death receptor (DR) types, such as TNF and Fas or DNA damaging agents, which suggests that C27OAs effectively and selectively sensitize TRAIL-mediated caspase-8 activation. Mechanistically, C27OAs upregulate the expression of cell surface DR5 and DISC formation without affecting downstream intracellular apoptosis-related proteins. The upregulation of DR5 expression by C27OAs strictly depends on transactivation of C/EBP homology protein, which is regulated through the p38 MAPK pathway, rather than p53 and intracellular reactive oxygen species status. Taken together, our results identify the novel C27OAs as TRAIL sensitizers targeting the upstream DISC assembly of DR5, and provide a rationale for further development of C27OAs for facilitating TRAIL-based chemotherapy in glioblastoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Sun Byun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Wei Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - InWha Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Kidong Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Ra Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Xuezhe Piao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Bong Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 704-701, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gang Min Hur
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.
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Bajpai VK, Park I, Lee J, Shukla S, Nile SH, Chun HS, Khan I, Oh SY, Lee H, Huh YS, Na M, Han YK. Antioxidant and antimicrobial efficacy of a biflavonoid, amentoflavone from Nandina domestica in vitro and in minced chicken meat and apple juice food models. Food Chem 2018; 271:239-247. [PMID: 30236673 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.07.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A biflavonoid, amentoflavone isolated from Nandina domestica and characterized by NMR spectral-data analyses was assessed for its antioxidant, and antibacterial potential in vitro and in food-model systems. Amentoflavone exhibited potent antioxidant ability (19.21-75.52%) on scavenging DPPH, ABTS, superoxide, and hydroxyl radicals. Fluorescent images confirmed bacterial membrane depolarization of both the tested pathogens Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, with a significant reduction in cell viabilities at their respective MIC of 62.5 and 125 µg/mL. Increasing rates of membrane permeability observed in 260 nm-absorbing material, potassium ion, extracellular ATP, and relative electrical conductivity assays confirmed antibacterial mechanistic role of amentoflavone as also evidenced by microscopic studies of SEM and TEM. There was a marked inhibitory effect of amentoflavone with a significant reduction in cell counts of S. aureus and E. coli in minced chicken and apple juice at 4 °C, thus suggesting its nutritional enhancing efficacy as a natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek K Bajpai
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - InWha Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - JungIn Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Shruti Shukla
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Shivraj Hariram Nile
- Department of Bioresources and Food Science, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 143701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang Sook Chun
- Advanced Food Safety Research Group, BK21 Plus, School of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Yeong Oh
- WCSL of Integrated Human Airway-on-a-Chip, Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoomin Lee
- WCSL of Integrated Human Airway-on-a-Chip, Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- WCSL of Integrated Human Airway-on-a-Chip, Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea.
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Kyu Han
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea.
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Bajpai VK, Alam MB, Quan KT, Choi HJ, An H, Ju MK, Lee SH, Huh YS, Han YK, Na M. Cytotoxic properties of the anthraquinone derivatives isolated from the roots of Rubia philippinensis. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:200. [PMID: 29970094 PMCID: PMC6029275 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2253-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Cancer is one of the most frequently occurring diseases and is the second leading cause of death worldwide. In this study, anthraquinone derivatives (Compounds 1–5) were evaluated for their anti-cancer potential against various skin and breast cancer cell lines to assess whether these anthraquinone derivatives may serve as a lead for the augmentation of anti-cancer drug. Methods Anthraquinone derivatives, 2-methyl-1,3,6-trihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone-3-O-(6′-O-acetyl)-α-rhamnosyl(1 → 2)-β-glucoside (Comp 1), 2-methyl-1,3,6-trihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone (Comp 2), and alizarin (Comp 3) were isolated from the dichloromethane fraction of the roots of Rubia philippinensis., whereas ethyl acetate fraction yielded xanthopurpurin (Comp 4) and lucidin-ω-methyl ether (Comp 5). Structures of all the isolated compounds were determined by spectral data analysis. All isolated compounds (Comp 1–5) were assessed for cytotoxicity by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay against four different cancer cell lines, i.e. human melanoma (SK-MEL-5), murine melanoma (B16F10), and human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7 and MDA-MB-231). Results Significant activity of the compounds 4 and 5 was observed against the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 with IC50 values of 14.65 ± 1.45 and 13.03 ± 0.33 μM, respectively. Encouragingly, IC50 values of 67.89 ± 1.02 and 79.01 ± 0.03 μM against normal kidney epithelial cells (MDCK) were also obtained for compounds 4 and 5, respectively, which indicated very low toxicity and favorable selectivity indices for compounds 4 and 5 in the range of 1.85 to 3.95 and 2.11 to 6.06 against skin cancer cell lines (SK-MEL-5, and B16F10), and breast cancer cell lines (MCF7 and MDA-MB-231), respectively. Conclusion Our results suggested that the compounds 4 (xanthopurpurin) and 5 (lucidin-ω-methyl ether) showed high selective toxicity towards breast cancer cells at lower concentrations without showing toxicity towards normal cells, thus could be of potential as new lead molecules in cancer treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-018-2253-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Bajpai VK, Alam MB, Quan KT, Ju MK, Majumder R, Shukla S, Huh YS, Na M, Lee SH, Han YK. Attenuation of inflammatory responses by (+)-syringaresinol via MAP-Kinase-mediated suppression of NF-κB signaling in vitro and in vivo. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9216. [PMID: 29907781 PMCID: PMC6003921 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27585-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined the anti-inflammatory effects of (+)-syringaresinol (SGRS), a lignan isolated from Rubia philippinensis, in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells using enzyme-based immuno assay, Western blotting, and RT-PCR analyses. Additionally, in vivo effects of SGRS in the acute inflammatory state were examined by using the carrageenan-induced hind paw edema assay in experimental mice. As a result, treatment with SGRS (25, 50, and 100 μM) inhibited protein expression of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) as well as production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) induced by LPS. Moreover, SGRS also reduced LPS-induced mRNA expression levels of iNOS and COX-2, including NO, PGE2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 cytokines in a dose-dependent fashion. Furthermore, carrageenan-induced paw edema assay validated the in vivo anti-edema effect of SGRS. Interestingly, SGRS (30 mg/kg) suppressed carrageenan-induced elevation of iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 mRNA levels as well as COX-2 and NF-κB protein levels, suggesting SGRS may possess anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek K Bajpai
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Badrul Alam
- Departments of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Khong Trong Quan
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Ju
- Departments of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Rajib Majumder
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.,NSW Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute (EMAI), Menangle, NSW, 2567, Australia
| | - Shruti Shukla
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Han Lee
- Departments of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Kyu Han
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea.
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An Y, Quan KT, Gwak J, Ju BG, Na M, Oh S. Activation of the p53 pathway with digiferrol isolated from Rubia philippinensis induces cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy in colon cancer cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 118:514-522. [PMID: 29842910 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Younju An
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, BK21 PLUS Program, Kookmin University, Seoul, 136-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Khong Trong Quan
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungsug Gwak
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, 121-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Gun Ju
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, 121-742, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sangtaek Oh
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, BK21 PLUS Program, Kookmin University, Seoul, 136-702, Republic of Korea.
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Han JH, Tuan NQ, Park MH, Quan KT, Oh J, Heo KS, Na M, Myung CS. Cucurbitane Triterpenoids from the Fruits of Momordica Charantia
Improve Insulin Sensitivity and Glucose Homeostasis in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1700769. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Hui Han
- Department of Pharmacology; Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy; Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Quoc Tuan
- Department of Pharmacognosy; Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy; Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ho Park
- Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy; Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Khong Trong Quan
- Department of Pharmacognosy; Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy; Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Joonseok Oh
- Department of Chemistry; Yale University; New Haven CT USA
| | - Kyung-Sun Heo
- Department of Pharmacology; Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy; Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- Department of Pharmacognosy; Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy; Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Seon Myung
- Department of Pharmacology; Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy; Daejeon Republic of Korea
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Lee JI, Bae JS, Min BS, Na MK. Antithrombotic and antiplatelet activities of indole alkaloids isolated from the edible insect Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis (Kolbe). Am J Transl Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- JI Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - JS Bae
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - BS Min
- College of pharmacy, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - MK Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South)
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Khong Q, Park HS, Myung CS, Na MK. The first investigation on chemical constituents and biological activity of Rubia philippinensis. Am J Transl Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Q Khong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - HS Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - CS Myung
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - MK Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South)
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Park IW, Kim DY, Bae JS, Na MK. Secondary metabolites with anti-platelet aggregation activity from the insect Tenebrio molitor. Am J Transl Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- IW Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - DY Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - JS Bae
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - MK Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South)
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43
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Lee HS, Min BS, Na MK. N-acetyldopamine dimers from the edible grasshopper Oxya chinensis sinousa. Am J Transl Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- HS Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - BS Min
- College of Pharmacy, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - MK Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South)
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Park HS, Quan KT, Han JH, Jung SH, Lee DH, Jo E, Lim TW, Heo KS, Na M, Myung CS. Rubiarbonone C inhibits platelet-derived growth factor-induced proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells through the focal adhesion kinase, MAPK and STAT3 Tyr 705 signalling pathways. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:4140-4154. [PMID: 28832962 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) induced by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) are important steps in cardiovascular diseases, including neointimal lesion formation, myocardial infarction and atherosclerosis. Here, we evaluated the rubiarbonone C-mediated signalling pathways that regulate PDGF-induced VSMC proliferation and migration. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Cell proliferation and migration were measured in cells treated with rubiarbonone C followed by PDGF BB using the MTT assay, [3 H]-thymidine incorporation, flow cytometry and wound-healing migration assay, MMP gelatin zymography, a fluorescence assay for F-actin. Western blotting of molecules including MAPK, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and STAT3 and an immunofluorescence assay using anti-PCNA and -STAT3 antibodies were performed to evaluate rubiarbonone C signalling pathway(s). The medial thickness of the carotid artery was evaluated using a mouse carotid ligation model. KEY RESULTS Rubiarbonone C inhibited PDGF-induced VSMC proliferation and migration and diminished the ligation-induced increase in medial thickness of the carotid artery. In PDGF-stimulated VSMCs rubiarbonone C decreased the following: (i) levels of cyclin-dependent kinases, cyclins, PCNA and hyperphosphorylated retinoblastoma protein; (ii) levels and activity of MMP2 and MMP9; (iii) activation of MAPK; (iv) F-actin reorganization, by reducing FAK activation; (v) activation of STAT3. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These findings suggest that rubiarbonone C inhibits the proliferation and migration of VSMCs by inhibiting the FAK, MAPK and STAT3 signalling pathways. Therefore, rubiarbonone C could be a good candidate for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Soo Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Khong Trong Quan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Standardization, National Institute of Medicinal Materials, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Joo-Hui Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang-Hyuk Jung
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Do-Hyung Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Eunji Jo
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Tae-Wan Lim
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyung-Sun Heo
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, Korea.,Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chang-Seon Myung
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, Korea.,Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
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45
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Bajpai VK, Chandra V, Kim NH, Rai R, Kumar P, Kim K, Aeron A, Kang SC, Maheshwari DK, Na M, Rather IA, Park YH. Ghost probiotics with a combined regimen: a novel therapeutic approach against the Zika virus, an emerging world threat. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2017; 38:438-454. [PMID: 28877637 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2017.1368445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The Zika virus (ZIKV) used to be an obscure flavivirus closely related to dengue virus (DENV). Transmission of this epidemic pathogen occurs mainly via mosquitoes, but it is also capable of placental and sexual transmission. Although the characteristics of these viruses are well defined, infections are unpredictable in terms of disease severity, unusual clinical manifestations, unexpected methods of transmission, long-term persistence, and the development of new strains. Recently, ZIKV has gained huge medical attention following the large-scale epidemics around the world, and reported cases of congenital abnormalities associated with Zika virus infections which have created a public health emergency of international concern. Despite continuous research on ZIKV, no specific treatment or vaccine has been developed, excepting a preventive strategy for congenital ZIKV infection. Probiotics, known as GRAS, are bacteria that confer various health beneficial effects, and have been shown to be effective at curing a number of viral diseases by modulating the immune system. Furthermore, probiotic preparations consisting of dead cells and cellular metabolites, so-called "Ghost probiotics", can also act as biological response modifiers. Here, we review available information on the epidemiology, transmission, and clinical features of ZIKV, and on treatment and prevention strategies. In addition, we emphasize the use of probiotics and plant-based natural remedies and describe their action mechanisms, and the green technologies for microbial conversion, which could contribute to the development of novel therapies that may reduce the pathogenicity of ZIKV. Accordingly, we draw attention to new findings, unanswered questions, unresolved issues, and controversies regarding ZIKV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek K Bajpai
- a Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , Gyeongbuk , Korea
| | - Vishal Chandra
- b Department of Biosciences , Integral University , Lucknow , India.,c Stephenson Cancer Center (SCC) , University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC) , Oklahoma City , OK , USA
| | - Na-Hyung Kim
- d Department of Oriental Pharmacy , Wonkwang University , Iksan-city , Jeonbuk , Korea
| | - Rajni Rai
- e School of Biotechnology , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , Gyeongbuk , Korea
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- e School of Biotechnology , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , Gyeongbuk , Korea
| | - Kangmin Kim
- f Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences , Chonbuk National University , Iksan-si , Jeonbuk , Korea
| | - Abhinav Aeron
- f Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences , Chonbuk National University , Iksan-si , Jeonbuk , Korea
| | - Sun Chul Kang
- g Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering , Daegu University , Gyeongsan , Gyeongbuk , Korea
| | - D K Maheshwari
- h Department of Botany and Microbiology , Gurukul Kangri University , Haridwar , India
| | - MinKyun Na
- i College of Pharmacy , Chungnam National University , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Irfan A Rather
- a Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , Gyeongbuk , Korea
| | - Yong-Ha Park
- a Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , Gyeongbuk , Korea
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Lee W, Kim MA, Park I, Hwang JS, Na M, Bae JS. Novel direct factor Xa inhibitory compounds from Tenebrio molitor with anti-platelet aggregation activity. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 109:19-27. [PMID: 28844963 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Tenebrio molitor is an edible insect that has antimicrobial, anticancer, and antihypertensive effects. The aim of this study was to identify the unreported bioactive compounds from T. molitor larvae with inhibitory activities against factor Xa (FXa) and platelet aggregation. Isolated compounds were evaluated for their anti-FXa and anti-platelet aggregation properties by monitoring clotting time, platelet aggregation, FXa activity, and thrombus formation. A diketopiperazine (1, cyclo(L-Pro-L-Tyr)) and a phenylethanoid (2, N-acetyltyramine) were isolated and inhibited the catalytic activity of FXa in a mixed inhibition model and inhibited platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and U46619. They inhibited ADP- and U46619-induced phosphorylation of myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS) and the expression of P-selectin and PAC-1 in platelets. They also improved the production of nitric oxide and inhibited the oversecretion of endothelin-1 compared to that of the ADP- or U46619-treated group. In an animal model of arterial and pulmonary thrombosis, the isolated compounds showed enhanced antithrombotic effects. They also elicited anticoagulant effects in mice. Compounds 1-2 inhibited ADP-, collagen-, or U46619-induced platelet aggregation and showed similar anti-thrombotic efficacy to rivaroxaban, a positive control. Therefore, 1-2 could serve as candidates and provide scaffolds for the development of new anti-FXa and anti-platelet drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonhwa Lee
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ae Kim
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Department of Agricultural Biology, The National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - InWha Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sam Hwang
- Department of Agricultural Biology, The National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Sup Bae
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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47
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Lee W, Lee H, Kim MA, Choi J, Kim KM, Hwang JS, Na M, Bae JS. Evaluation of novel factor Xa inhibitors from Oxya chinensis sinuosa with anti-platelet aggregation activity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7934. [PMID: 28801633 PMCID: PMC5554137 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08330-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The edible grasshopper Oxya chinensis sinuosa is consumed worldwide for its various medicinal effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate potential bioactive antithrombotic and antiplatelet compounds from O. chinensis sinuosa. Five N-acetyldopamine dimers (1–5) were isolated from O. chinensis sinuosa and compounds 1 and 2 were identified as new chemicals with chiral centers at H-2 and H-3 of the benzo-1,4-dioxane structure. Compounds 1–4 were found to have both FXa and platelet aggregation inhibitory activities. These compounds inhibited the catalytic activity of FXa toward its synthetic substrate, S-2222, by noncompetitive inhibition, and inhibited platelet aggregation induced by ADP and U46619. Furthermore, compounds 1–4 showed enhanced antithrombotic effects, which were assessed using in vivo models of pulmonary embolism and arterial thrombosis. The isolated compounds also showed anticoagulant effects in mice. However, compounds 1–4 did not prolong bleeding time in mice, as shown by tail clipping. N-Acetyldopamine dimers, including two new stereoisomers 1 and 2, are novel antithrombotic compounds showing both FXa inhibition and antiplatelet aggregation activity with a low bleeding risk. Collectively, these results suggest that compounds 1–4 could serve as candidates and provide scaffolds for development of new antithrombotic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonhwa Lee
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - HeeSeung Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ae Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biology, The National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju-gun, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonhyeok Choi
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Kim
- Division of Plant Biosciences, School of Applied BioSciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sam Hwang
- Department of Agricultural Biology, The National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju-gun, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Sup Bae
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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48
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Lee J, Hwang IH, Kim JH, Kim MA, Hwang JS, Kim YH, Na M. Quinoxaline-, dopamine-, and amino acid-derived metabolites from the edible insect Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis. Arch Pharm Res 2017; 40:1064-1070. [PMID: 28780757 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-017-0942-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Edible insects have been reported to produce metabolites showing various pharmacological activities, recently emerging as rich sources of health functional food. In particular, the larvae of Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis (Kolbe) have been used as traditional Korean medicines for treating diverse diseases, such as breast cancer, inflammatory disease, hepatic cancer, liver cirrhosis, and hepatitis. However, only few chemical investigations were reported on the insect larvae. Therefore, the aim of this study was to discover and identify biologically active chemical components of the larvae of P. brevitarsis seulensis. As a result, a quinoxaline-derived alkaloid (1) was isolated, which was not reported previously from natural sources. In addition, other related compounds (2, 4-10, 15, 16) were also encountered for the first time from the larvae. The structures of all the isolated compounds were established mainly by analysis of HRESIMS, NMR, and electronic circular dichroism data. Compound 5 exhibited inhibition of tyrosinase with IC50 value of 44.8 µM.
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Affiliation(s)
- JungIn Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - In Hyun Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk, 55338, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Hoon Kim
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ae Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biology, The National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sam Hwang
- Department of Agricultural Biology, The National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
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49
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Bajpai VK, Shukla S, Paek WK, Lim J, Kumar P, Kumar P, Na M. Efficacy of (+)-Lariciresinol to Control Bacterial Growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli O157:H7. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:804. [PMID: 28515721 PMCID: PMC5413575 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was undertaken to assess the antibacterial potential of a polyphenolic compound (+)-lariciresinol isolated from Rubia philippinensis against selected foodborne pathogens Staphylococcus aureus KCTC1621 and Escherichia coli O157:H7. (+)-Lariciresinol at the tested concentrations (250 μg/disk) evoked a significant antibacterial effect as a diameter of inhibition zones (12.1-14.9 mm) with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration values of 125-250 and 125-250 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, (+)-lariciresinol at MIC showed reduction in bacterial cell viabilities, efflux of potassium (K+) ions and release of 260 nm materials against E. coli O157:H7 and S. aureus KCTC1621. Moreover, deteriorated cell wall morphology of E. coli O157:H7 and S. aureus KCTC1621 cells treated with (+)-lariciresinol at MIC further confirmed its inhibitory effect against the tested pathogens, suggesting it to be an alternative means of antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek K Bajpai
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Microbiome Laboratory, Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Shruti Shukla
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, SeoulSeoul, South Korea
| | - Woon K Paek
- National Science Museum, Ministry of Science, ICT and Future PlanningDaejeon, South Korea
| | - Jeongheui Lim
- National Science Museum, Ministry of Science, ICT and Future PlanningDaejeon, South Korea
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Forestry, North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and TechnologyNirjuli, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Dolphin (PG) College of Science & AgricultureFatehgarh Sahib, India
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon, South Korea
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50
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Alam MB, Bajpai VK, Lee J, Zhao P, Byeon JH, Ra JS, Majumder R, Lee JS, Yoon JI, Rather IA, Park YH, Kim K, Na M, Lee SH. Inhibition of melanogenesis by jineol from Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans via MAP-Kinase mediated MITF downregulation and the proteasomal degradation of tyrosinase. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45858. [PMID: 28393917 PMCID: PMC5385534 DOI: 10.1038/srep45858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the authors investigated the anti-melanogenic effects of 3,8-dihydroxyquinoline (jineol) isolated from Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans, the mechanisms responsible for its inhibition of melanogenesis in melan-a cells, and its antioxidant efficacy. Mushroom tyrosinase activities and melanin contents were determined in melan-a cells, and the protein and mRNA levels of MITF, tyrosinase, TYRP-1, and TYRP-2 were assessed. Jineol exhibited significant, concentration-dependent antioxidant effects as determined by DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, and FRAP assays. Jineol significantly inhibited mushroom tyrosinase activity by functioning as an uncompetitive inhibitor, and markedly inhibited melanin production and intracellular tyrosinase activity in melan-a cells. In addition, jineol abolished the expressions of tyrosinase, TYRP-1, TYRP-2, and MITF, thereby blocking melanin production and interfering with the phosphorylations of ERK1/2 and p38. Furthermore, specific inhibitors of ERK1/2 and p38 prevented melanogenesis inhibition by jineol, and the proteasome inhibitor (MG-132) prevented jineol-induced reductions in cellular tyrosinase levels. Taken together, jineol was found to stimulate MAP-kinase (ERK1/2 and p38) phosphorylation and the proteolytic degradation pathway, which led to the degradations of MITF and tyrosinase, and to suppress the productions of melanin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Badrul Alam
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Vivek K Bajpai
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Microbiome Laboratory, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea
| | - JungIn Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Peijun Zhao
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Jung-Hee Byeon
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Jeong-Sic Ra
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Rajib Majumder
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.,Bio-security and Food Safety, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute (EMAI), Menangle, NSW 2567, Australia
| | - Jong Sung Lee
- Kcellbio, Seoulsoop Kolon Digital Tower, Seongsuil-ro-4-gil, Seongdong-gu 04713, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-In Yoon
- Kcellbio, Seoulsoop Kolon Digital Tower, Seongsuil-ro-4-gil, Seongdong-gu 04713, Seoul, Korea
| | - Irfan A Rather
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Microbiome Laboratory, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea
| | - Yong-Ha Park
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Microbiome Laboratory, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea
| | - Kangmin Kim
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan-si 570-752, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Sang-Han Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
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