1
|
Chiang HP, Aguiar MOD, Tavares BG, Rosa VEE, Gomes SB, Oliveira MT, Soeiro A, Nicolau JC, Ribeiro HB, Sbano JC, Rochitte CE, Filho RK, Ramires JAF, Porter TR, Mathias W, Tsutsui JM. The Impact of Sonothrombolysis on Left Ventricular Diastolic Function and Left Atrial Mechanics Preventing Left Atrial Remodeling in Patients With ST Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2022; 36:504-513. [PMID: 36535625 DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2022.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnostic ultrasound-guided high mechanical index impulses during an intravenous microbubble infusion (sonothrombolysis) improve myocardial perfusion in acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction, but its effect on left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (DD), left atrial (LA) mechanics and remodeling is unknown. We assessed the effect of sonothrombolysis on DD grade and LA mechanics. METHODS One hundred patients (59 ± 10 years; 34% women) were randomized to receive either high mechanical index impulses plus percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (therapy group) or PCI only (control group) (n = 50 in each group). Diastolic dysfunction grade and LA mechanics were assessed immediately before and after PCI and at 48 to 72 hours, 1 month, and 6 months of follow-up. Diastolic dysfunction grades were classified as grades I, II, and III. The LA mechanics was obtained by two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography-derived global longitudinal strain (GLS). RESULTS As follow-up time progressed, increased DD grade was observed more frequently in the control group than in the therapy group at 1 month and 6 months of follow-up (all P < .05). The LA-GLS values were incrementally higher in the therapy group when compared with the control group at 48 to 72 hours, 24.0% ± 7.3% in the therapy group versus 19.6% ± 7.2% in the control group, P = .005; at 1 month, 25.3% ± 6.3% in the therapy group versus 21.5% ± 8.3% in the control group, P = .020; and at 6 months, 26.2% ± 8.7% in the therapy group versus 21.6% ± 8.5% in the control group, P = .015. The therapy group was less likely to experience LA remodeling (odds ratio, 2.91 [1.10-7.73]; P = .03). LA-GLS was the sole predictor of LA remodeling (odds ratio, 0.79 [0.67-0.94]; P = .006). CONCLUSION Sonothrombolysis is associated with better DD grade and LA mechanics, reducing LA remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsu Po Chiang
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil; Fleury Group, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Miguel O D Aguiar
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil; Fleury Group, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno G Tavares
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil; Fleury Group, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vitor E E Rosa
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio Barros Gomes
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mucio T Oliveira
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Soeiro
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jose C Nicolau
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henrique B Ribeiro
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João C Sbano
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil; Fleury Group, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos E Rochitte
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto Kalil Filho
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jose A F Ramires
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Wilson Mathias
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil; Fleury Group, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jeane M Tsutsui
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil; Fleury Group, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Aguiar MO, Tavares BG, Tsutsui JM, Fava AM, Borges BC, Oliveira MT, Soeiro A, Nicolau JC, Ribeiro HB, Chiang HP, Sbano JC, Goldsweig A, Rochitte CE, Lopes BB, Ramirez JA, Kalil Filho R, Porter TR, Mathias W. Sonothrombolysis Improves Myocardial Dynamics and Microvascular Obstruction Preventing Left Ventricular Remodeling in Patients With ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2020; 13:e009536. [DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.119.009536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Background:
It has recently been demonstrated that high-energy diagnostic transthoracic ultrasound and intravenous microbubbles dissolve thrombi (sonothrombolysis) and increase angiographic recanalization rates in patients with ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction. We aimed to study the effect of sonothrombolysis on the myocardial dynamics and infarct size obtained by real-time myocardial perfusion echocardiography and their value in preventing left ventricular remodeling.
Methods:
One hundred patients with ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction were randomized to therapy (50 patients treated with sonothrombolysis and percutaneous coronary intervention) or control (50 patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention only). Left ventricular volumes, ejection fraction, risk area (before treatment), myocardial perfusion defect over time (infarct size), and global longitudinal strain were determined by quantitative real-time myocardial perfusion echocardiography and speckle tracking echocardiography imaging.
Results:
Risk area was similar in the control and therapy groups (19.2±10.1% versus 20.7±8.9%;
P
=0.56) before treatment. The therapy group presented a behavior significantly different than control group over time (
P
<0.001). The perfusion defect was smaller in the therapy at 48 to 72 hours even in the subgroup of patients with no recanalization at first angiography (12.9±6.5% therapy versus 18.8±9.9% control;
P
=0.015). The left ventricular global longitudinal strain was higher in the therapy than control immediately after percutaneous coronary intervention (14.1±4.1% versus 12.0±3.3%;
P
=0.012), and this difference was maintained until 6 months (17.1±3.5% versus 13.6±3.6%;
P
<0.001). The only predictor of left ventricular remodeling was treatment with sonothrombolysis: the control group was more likely to exhibit left ventricular remodeling with an odds ratio of 2.79 ([95% CI, 0.13–6.86];
P
=0.026).
Conclusions:
Sonothrombolysis reduces microvascular obstruction and improves myocardial dynamics in patients with ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction and is an independent predictor of left ventricular remodeling over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel O.D. Aguiar
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School and Fleury Group, Brazil (M.O.D.A., B.G.T., J.M.T., H.P.C., J.C.N.S., W.M.)
| | - Bruno G. Tavares
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School and Fleury Group, Brazil (M.O.D.A., B.G.T., J.M.T., H.P.C., J.C.N.S., W.M.)
| | - Jeane M. Tsutsui
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School and Fleury Group, Brazil (M.O.D.A., B.G.T., J.M.T., H.P.C., J.C.N.S., W.M.)
| | - Agostina M. Fava
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (A.M.F., A.G., T.R.P.)
| | - Bruno C. Borges
- Heart Institute (InCor)- University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil (B.C.B., M.T.O., A.S., J.C.N., H.B.R., C.E.R., B.B.C.L., J.A.F.R., R.K.F.)
| | - Mucio T. Oliveira
- Heart Institute (InCor)- University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil (B.C.B., M.T.O., A.S., J.C.N., H.B.R., C.E.R., B.B.C.L., J.A.F.R., R.K.F.)
| | - Alexandre Soeiro
- Heart Institute (InCor)- University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil (B.C.B., M.T.O., A.S., J.C.N., H.B.R., C.E.R., B.B.C.L., J.A.F.R., R.K.F.)
| | - Jose C. Nicolau
- Heart Institute (InCor)- University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil (B.C.B., M.T.O., A.S., J.C.N., H.B.R., C.E.R., B.B.C.L., J.A.F.R., R.K.F.)
| | - Henrique B. Ribeiro
- Heart Institute (InCor)- University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil (B.C.B., M.T.O., A.S., J.C.N., H.B.R., C.E.R., B.B.C.L., J.A.F.R., R.K.F.)
| | - Hsu P. Chiang
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School and Fleury Group, Brazil (M.O.D.A., B.G.T., J.M.T., H.P.C., J.C.N.S., W.M.)
| | - João C.N. Sbano
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School and Fleury Group, Brazil (M.O.D.A., B.G.T., J.M.T., H.P.C., J.C.N.S., W.M.)
| | - Andrew Goldsweig
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (A.M.F., A.G., T.R.P.)
| | - Carlos E. Rochitte
- Heart Institute (InCor)- University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil (B.C.B., M.T.O., A.S., J.C.N., H.B.R., C.E.R., B.B.C.L., J.A.F.R., R.K.F.)
| | - Bernardo B.C. Lopes
- Heart Institute (InCor)- University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil (B.C.B., M.T.O., A.S., J.C.N., H.B.R., C.E.R., B.B.C.L., J.A.F.R., R.K.F.)
| | - José A.F. Ramirez
- Heart Institute (InCor)- University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil (B.C.B., M.T.O., A.S., J.C.N., H.B.R., C.E.R., B.B.C.L., J.A.F.R., R.K.F.)
| | - Roberto Kalil Filho
- Heart Institute (InCor)- University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil (B.C.B., M.T.O., A.S., J.C.N., H.B.R., C.E.R., B.B.C.L., J.A.F.R., R.K.F.)
| | - Thomas R. Porter
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (A.M.F., A.G., T.R.P.)
| | - Wilson Mathias
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School and Fleury Group, Brazil (M.O.D.A., B.G.T., J.M.T., H.P.C., J.C.N.S., W.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Siqueira SRR, Ayub-Ferreira SM, Chizzola PR, Salemi VMC, Lage SHG, Oliveira MT, Soares PR, Bocchi EA, Issa VS. P4553Clinical and prognostic value of right ventricular dysfunction in patients with chagas heart disease during acute decompensated heart failure. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The occurrence of right ventricular disfunction (RVD) is common in heart failure (HF) patients due to Chagas' disease (ChD). However, its clinical and prognostic value has not been studied during episodes of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF).
Purpose
Evaluate the prognostic value of RVD in ADHF patients with ChD during hospitalization and after 180 days of discharge compared to other etiologies.
Methods
We analysed a prospective cohort of consecutive 768 patients admitted for ADHF between March 2013 and October 2018; 490 (63.7%) patients were male and the median age was 58 (48.3–66.8) years and left ventricular ejection fraction was 26% (median) (IQR 22–35%). We compared the clinical characteristics and the prognosis of ChD patients according to the presence of RVD in the echocardiogram to other etiologies.
Results
RVD was presented in 289 (37.6%) patients. Among patients with non-chagasic etiologies, those with RVD were younger [53 (41–62) vs 61 (52–70) years, p<0.0001], had high levels of BNP in the moment of hospitalization [1195 (606–2209) vs 886 (366– 555) pg/mL], p<0,0001], received more inotropes (79.2% vs 57.9%, p<0,0001), had longer hospitalization [35 (17–51) vs 21 (10–37) days, p<0.001] and more clinical signs of congestion as hepatomegaly (49% vs 28.6%, p<0.0001); jugular venous distension (68.3% vs 41.2%, p<0.0001) and leg edema (65.4% vs 49.2%, p=0.001). Among patients with ChD, those with RVD were older [61 (48- 66) vs 58 (48 - 67) years, p=0.017], and had more frequently signs of hypoperfusion (56.8% vs 36.5%, p=0.029), jugular venous distension (72.8% vs 52.8%, p=0.01) and hepatomegaly (56.8% vs 31.1%, p=0.011), higher BNP levels [1288 (567–2180) vs 1066 (472–2007) pg/mL, p=0.006] and more frequent use of intravenous inotropes (88.9% vs 67.1%, p=0.003); additionally ChD patients with RVD had a higher rate of death and transplant during hospitalization (51.2% vs 38.3%, p=0.001). When all groups were compared together, ChD patients with RVD had the highest rate of death, transplant and readmissions at 180-days of follow-up (Figure).
Figure 1
Conclusion
Patients with RVD demonstrated a distinct clinical presentation, biomarkers and worse prognosis in all etiologies. ChD patients with RVD in ADHF had the worst prognosis with the highest rate of death, heart transplant e rehospitalization in follow-up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S R R Siqueira
- Heart Institute of the University of Sao Paulo (InCor), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - S M Ayub-Ferreira
- Heart Institute of the University of Sao Paulo (InCor), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - P R Chizzola
- Heart Institute of the University of Sao Paulo (InCor), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - V M C Salemi
- Heart Institute of the University of Sao Paulo (InCor), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - S H G Lage
- Heart Institute of the University of Sao Paulo (InCor), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M T Oliveira
- Heart Institute of the University of Sao Paulo (InCor), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - P R Soares
- Heart Institute of the University of Sao Paulo (InCor), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - E A Bocchi
- Heart Institute of the University of Sao Paulo (InCor), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - V S Issa
- Heart Institute of the University of Sao Paulo (InCor), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Issa VS, Gomes C, Terhoch CB, Moreira HF, Paes TM, Padua VP, Lage SG, Oliveira MT, Bocchi EA. P6538The journey of patients with Chagas cardiomyopathy during episodes of descompensated heart failure. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy566.p6538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- V S Issa
- Heart Institute (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - C Gomes
- Sao Joao Hospital, Internal Medicine, Porto, Portugal
| | - C B Terhoch
- Heart Institute (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - H F Moreira
- Heart Institute (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - T M Paes
- Heart Institute (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - V P Padua
- Heart Institute (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - S G Lage
- Heart Institute (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M T Oliveira
- Heart Institute (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - E A Bocchi
- Heart Institute (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gualandro DM, Puelacher C, LuratiBuse G, Llobet GB, Yu PC, Cardozo FA, Glarner N, Zimmerli A, Espinola J, Corbière S, Calderaro D, Marques AC, Casella IB, de Luccia N, Oliveira MT, Lampart A, Bolliger D, Steiner L, Seeberger M, Kindler C, Osswald S, Gürke L, Caramelli B, Mueller C. Prediction of major cardiac events after vascular surgery. J Vasc Surg 2017; 66:1826-1835.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2017.05.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
6
|
Abstract
Recent advances in the field of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication highlight the diversity of both the mechanisms utilized and the structural and functional organization of the proteins at mtDNA replication fork, despite the relative simplicity of the animal mtDNA genome. DNA polymerase γ, mtDNA helicase and mitochondrial single-stranded DNA-binding protein-the key replisome proteins, have evolved distinct structural features and biochemical properties. These appear to be correlated with mtDNA genomic features in different metazoan taxa and with their modes of DNA replication, although substantial integrative research is warranted to establish firmly these links. To date, several modes of mtDNA replication have been described for animals: rolling circle, theta, strand-displacement, and RITOLS/bootlace. Resolution of a continuing controversy relevant to mtDNA replication in mammals/vertebrates will have a direct impact on the mechanistic interpretation of mtDNA-related human diseases. Here we review these subjects, integrating earlier and recent data to provide a perspective on the major challenges for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G L Ciesielski
- Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland; Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - M T Oliveira
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - L S Kaguni
- Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland; Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mathias W, Tsutsui JM, Tavares BG, Xie F, Aguiar MO, Garcia DR, Oliveira MT, Soeiro A, Nicolau JC, Lemos PA, Rochitte CE, Ramires JA, Kalil R, Porter TR. Diagnostic Ultrasound Impulses Improve Microvascular Flow in Patients With STEMI Receiving Intravenous Microbubbles. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016; 67:2506-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.03.542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
8
|
Camargo MS, Oliveira MT, Santoni MM, Resende FA, Oliveira-Höhne AP, Espanha LG, Nogueira CH, Cuesta-Rubio O, Vilegas W, Varanda EA. Effects of nemorosone, isolated from the plant Clusia rosea, on the cell cycle and gene expression in MCF-7 BUS breast cancer cell lines. Phytomedicine 2015; 22:153-157. [PMID: 25636884 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2014.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the cause of considerable morbidity and mortality in women. While estrogen receptor antagonists have been widely used in breast cancer treatment, patients have increasingly shown resistance to these agents and the identification of novel targeted therapies is therefore required. Nemorosone is the major constituent of the floral resin from Clusia rosea and belongs to the class of polycyclic polyisoprenylated benzophenones of the acylphloroglucinol group. The cytotoxicity of nemorosone in human cancer cell lines has been reported in recent years and has been related to estrogen receptors in breast cancer cells. METHODS Changes induced by nemorosone in the cell cycle and gene expression of the MCF-7 BUS (estrogen-dependent) breast cancer cell line were analyzed using flow cytometry and the RT(2) Profiler PCR array, respectively. RESULTS In comparison to breast cancer cells without treatment, nemorosone induced discrete cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and significant depletion in the G2 phase. Moreover, the compound altered the expression of 19 genes related to different pathways, especially the cell cycle, apoptosis and hormone receptors. CONCLUSION These promising results justify further studies to clarify mechanisms of action of nemorosone, in view of evaluate the possible use of this benzophenone as adjuvant in the treatment of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M S Camargo
- UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, CEP 14801-902, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M T Oliveira
- UEL - Univ. Estadual Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - M M Santoni
- UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, CEP 14801-902, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - F A Resende
- UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, CEP 14801-902, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - A P Oliveira-Höhne
- UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, CEP 14801-902, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L G Espanha
- UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, CEP 14801-902, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C H Nogueira
- UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, CEP 14801-902, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - O Cuesta-Rubio
- Instituto de Farmacia y Alimentos (IFAL), Universidad de La Habana, La Habana, Cuba
| | - W Vilegas
- UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Química, Campus Araraquara, c.p. 355, CEP 14800-900, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - E A Varanda
- UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, CEP 14801-902, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Campos FS, Franco AC, Oliveira MT, Firpo R, Strelczuk G, Fontoura FE, Kulmann MIR, Maidana S, Romera SA, Spilki FR, Silva AD, Hübner SO, Roehe PM. Detection of bovine herpesvirus 2 and bovine herpesvirus 4 DNA in trigeminal ganglia of naturally infected cattle by polymerase chain reaction. Vet Microbiol 2014; 171:182-8. [PMID: 24725448 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Establishment of latent infection within specific tissues in the host is a common biological feature of the herpesviruses. In the case of bovine herpesvirus 2 (BoHV-2), latency is established in neuronal tissues, while bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) and ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2) latent virus targets on cells of the monocytic lineage. This study was conducted in quest of BoHV-2, BoHV-4 and OvHV-2 DNA in two hundred trigeminal ganglia (TG) specimens, derived from one hundred clinically healthy cattle, majority of them naturally infected with bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) and bovine herpesvirus 5 (BoHV-5). Total DNA extracted from ganglia was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) designed to amplify part of the genes coding for BoHV-2, and BoHV-4 glycoprotein B and, for OvHV-2, the gene coding for phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase-like protein. BoHV-2 DNA was detected in TG samples of two (2%) and BoHV-4 DNA in nine (9%) of the animals, whereas OvHV-2 DNA could not be detected in any of the TG DNA. The two animals in which BoHV-2 DNA was identified were also co-infected with BoHV-1 and BoHV-5. Within the nine animals in which BoHV-4 DNA was detected, six were also co-infected with BoHV-1 and BoHV-5. This report provides for the first time evidence that viral DNA from BoHV-2 and BoHV-4 can be occasionally detected in TG of naturally infected cattle. Likewise, in this report we provided for the first time evidence that the co-infection of cattle with three distinct bovine herpesviruses might be a naturally occurring phenomenon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F S Campos
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, CEP 90.050-170, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil.
| | - A C Franco
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, CEP 90.050-170, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil
| | - M T Oliveira
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, CEP 90.050-170, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil
| | - R Firpo
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, CEP 90.050-170, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil
| | - G Strelczuk
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, CEP 90.050-170, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil
| | - F E Fontoura
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, CEP 90.050-170, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil
| | - M I R Kulmann
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, CEP 90.050-170, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil
| | - S Maidana
- Instituto de Virología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto de tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), N. Repetto y Los Reseros S/N, CC25 (B1712WAA), Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - S A Romera
- Instituto de Virología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto de tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), N. Repetto y Los Reseros S/N, CC25 (B1712WAA), Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - F R Spilki
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Health Sciences, Feevale University, Rodovia RS-239 2755, Novo Hamburgo, CEP 93.352-000, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil
| | - A D Silva
- Embrapa CNPSA, BR 153, Km 110, Post Box 21, Concórdia, CEP 89.700-000, Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil
| | - S O Hübner
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), University Campus, Post Box 354, Pelotas, CEP 96.010-900, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil
| | - P M Roehe
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, CEP 90.050-170, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil; Institute for Veterinary Research "Desidério Finamor" (IPVDF), Estrada do Conde 6000, Eldorado do Sul, CEP 92.990-000, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cardoso JN, Ochiai ME, Oliveira MT, Reis CM, Curiati M, Vieira KR, Barretto ACP. Diuretic titration based on weight change in decompensated congestive heart failure: a randomized trial. Int J Cardiol 2013; 168:3020-1. [PMID: 23623344 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J N Cardoso
- Cotoxo Hospital, Heart Institute (InCor) University of São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
França EJG, Furlaneto-Maia L, Quesada RMB, Favero D, Oliveira MT, Furlaneto MC. Haemolytic and proteinase activities in clinical isolates of Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis with reference to the isolation anatomic site. Mycoses 2010; 54:e44-51. [PMID: 20070536 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2009.01825.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine in vitro haemolytic and protease activities of Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis isolates, obtained from anatomically distinct sites. Analysis of haemolytic activity of C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis isolates obtained from the same anatomic site revealed that C. tropicalis isolates from blood had statistically higher activity (P < 0.05) than C. parapsilosis. On comparison of haemolytic activities of Candida isolates obtained from different anatomic sites, C. parapsilosis isolates from tracheal secretion were found to have higher activity than blood isolates. Protease activity was detected in the majority of the isolates analysed. Analysis of proteinase activity of C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis isolates obtained from the same anatomic site revealed that C. parapsilosis isolates from tracheal secretion had statistically higher activity than C. tropicalis isolates. On comparison of proteinase activities of Candida isolates obtained from different anatomic sites, C. parapsilosis isolates from tracheal secretion were found to have higher activity than blood and superficial lesions isolates. Furthermore, C. tropicalis isolates from superficial lesions had higher activity than tracheal secretion isolates. Our results show the potential of C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis isolates, obtained from distinct anatomic sites, to produce haemolytic factor and proteinases. Anatomic sites of isolation seem to be correlated with these activities, particularly for C. parapsilosis isolates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E J G França
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Varela APM, Holz CL, Cibulski SP, Teixeira TF, Antunes DA, Franco AC, Roehe LR, Oliveira MT, Campos FS, Dezen D, Cenci A, Brito WD, Roehe PM. Neutralizing antibodies to bovine herpesvirus types 1 (BoHV-1) and 5 (BoHV-5) and its subtypes. Vet Microbiol 2009; 142:254-60. [PMID: 19926411 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2009] [Revised: 10/13/2009] [Accepted: 10/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study was carried out to determine whether the sensitivity of serum neutralization (SN) tests would be affected by the use of distinct subtypes of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) and 5 (BoHV-5) as test challenge viruses. Bovine sera collected from a randomized sample (n=287) were tested in a 24h incubation SN against three type 1 viruses (BoHV-1.1 strains "Los Angeles" (LA) and "EVI 123"; BoHV-1.2a strain "SV 265") and three type 5 viruses (BoHV-5a strain "EVI 88"; BoHV-5b strain "A 663" and BoHV-5c "ISO 97"). SN sensitivity varied greatly depending on the test challenge virus used in the test, particularly when results against each virus were considered individually, where it ranged from 77% (detecting 80 out of 104 antibody-positive sera) with ISO 97 to 91% (95/104) with BoHV-1.1 strain LA. All tests to single viruses revealed a significantly low sensitivity (McNemar's; p<0.05). Maximum sensitivity (104/104) was achieved when positive results to a particular combination of four of the challenge viruses (LA+EVI 123+SV 265+A 663) or some combinations of five viruses (or all six viruses) were added cumulatively. These results provide evidence for no association between any particular virus type/subtype and higher SN sensitivity. In addition, it was clearly shown that when SN is performed with single test challenge viruses, sensitivity can vary so significantly that might compromise control or eradication efforts. Performing SN against a number of different viruses demonstrated to improve significantly the test's sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A P M Varela
- FEPAGRO Animal Health-Institute for Veterinary Research Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Barca MF, Gruppi C, Oliveira MT, Romão R, Cárdia MS, Rubio I, Knobel M, Medeiros-Neto G. Cardiovascular assessment of hyperthyroid patients with multinodular goiter before and after radioiodine treatment preceded by stimulation with recombinant human TSH. Endocrine 2007; 32:175-81. [PMID: 18026694 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-007-9020-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2007] [Revised: 10/23/2007] [Accepted: 10/29/2007] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of large multinodular goiter (MNG) with radioiodine preceded by recombinant human thyrotropin (0.1 mg rhTSH) has been shown to be a safe alternative for patients with comorbidities that preclude surgery. However, the increase in serum thyroid hormones that follows both treatments may be harmful for some patients, particularly those with underlying cardiovascular disease. In this study, we evaluated cardiac parameters (clinical, ECG, 24-h Holter, Doppler echocardiogram, treadmill stress test) in 27 of 42 patients (ages 42-80 years) with large MNGs who were treated with rhTSH before receiving 30 mCi radioiodine therapy. At baseline, 18 patients had subclinical and six patients had overt iodine-induced hyperthyroidism. All patients had a transient surge in serum levels of free T4 and total T3 into the hyperthyroid range after therapy. However, repeated cardiac evaluation did not show significant changes as compared with baseline evaluation. In conclusion, rhTSH stimulated RAI treatment of MNG did not affect structural and functional parameters of the heart, despite transient high-serum levels of thyroid hormones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fernanda Barca
- Thyroid Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, 01246-000, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Barretto AC, Del Carlo CH, Cardoso JN, Morgado PC, Munhoz RT, Ochiai ME, Oliveira MT, Scipioni AR, Ramires JA. Re-Hospitalizations and Mortality Still at Alarming Rates in Advanced Heart Failure. J Card Fail 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2007.06.643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
15
|
Barretto AC, Oliveira MT, Del Carlo CH, Cardoso JN, Moreno IB, Scipioni AR, Ramires JA. Fast up Titration of Carvedilol in Heart Failure Is Safe and Allow Discharging Patients with Full Dosage and the Identification of Those with Worse Prognosis. J Card Fail 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2006.06.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
16
|
Oliveira MT, Da Rosa AC, Azeredo-Espin AML, Lessinger AC. Improving access to the control region and tRNA gene clusters of dipteran mitochondrial DNA. J Med Entomol 2006; 43:636-9. [PMID: 16739428 DOI: 10.1603/0022-2585(2006)43[636:iattcr]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Despite the successful use of universal primers for amplifying insect mtDNA, specific regions remain difficult to recover and demand the use of taxon-specific primers. In this work, we describe a new set of primers for efficiently amplifying and sequencing the mtDNA control region and three tRNA gene clusters of dipterans of medical and veterinary importance, including Muscidae, Calliphoridae, and Oestridae species. These new primers were useful for investigating the nucleotide information and the structural organization of dipteran mtDNA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M T Oliveira
- Laboratório de Genética Animal, Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, CP 6010, CEP 13083-875, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
Drugs of abuse induce the release of dopamine in the central nervous system, particularly in the mesolimbic-mesocortical pathway. As dopamine may act as a neurotoxin, in this study, we analyzed the effects of the drugs of abuse, cocaine, heroin, and amphetamine, on the neurodegeneration of PC12 cells, a dopaminergic cell line, by evaluating the activity of caspase-3 and mitochondrial cytochrome c release. All the drugs were shown to induce caspase-3 activation, similarly to staurosporine, a classical inducer of apoptotic cell death. Furthermore, like staurosporine, the drugs of abuse induced a decrease in mitochondrial cytochrome c content, suggesting the involvement of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M T Oliveira
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Barretto AC, Oliveira MT, Cassaro-Strunz CM, Del Carlo CH, Scipioni AR, Ramires JA. NT-ProBNP serum levels are an excellent prognostic predictor in patients with advanced heart failure hospitalized for compensation. J Card Fail 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2004.06.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
19
|
Barretto AC, Oliveira MT, Munhoz RT, Scipioni AR, Higuchi ML, Ramires JA. An embolic event contributes to death in 2/3 of patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy in end stage heart failure. J Card Fail 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1071-9164(03)00384-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
20
|
Abstract
Cell death and reactive oxygen species production have been suggested to be involved in neurodegeneration induced by the drugs of abuse. In this study we analyze the toxicity of the following drugs of abuse: heroin, morphine, d-amphetamine, and cocaine in undifferentiated PC12 cells, used as dopaminergic neuronal models. Our data show that opioid drugs (heroin and morphine) are more toxic than stimulant drugs (d-amphetamine and cocaine). Toxic effects induced by heroin are associated with a decrease in intracellular dopamine, an increase in DOPAC levels, and the formation of ROS, whereas toxic effects induced by amphetamine are associated with a decrease in intracellular dopamine and in ATP/ADP levels. In contrast with cocaine, both amphetamine and heroin induced features of apoptosis. The data suggest that the death of cultured PC12 cells induced by the drugs of abuse is correlated with a decrease in intracellular dopamine levels, which can be associated with an increased dopamine turnover and oxidative cell injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M T Oliveira
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Tavares MG, Ribeiro EH, Campos LA, Barros EG, Oliveira MT. Inheritance pattern of RAPD markers in Melipona quadrifasciata (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Meliponinae). J Hered 2001; 92:279-82. [PMID: 11447247 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/92.3.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Melipona quadrifasciata is an important pollinator agent in several regions of Brazil. Data concerning the genetics of this species are scarce in the literature. In this work we used the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique to determine the degree of polymorphism and the inheritance pattern of these molecular markers in this species. Our ultimate goal is to establish tools to be used in the study of the genomic organization of M. quadrifasciata. Genomic DNA from progenies F(1) and BC(1) were assayed with 79 different primers, yielding an average of 6.67 bands and 1.68 polymorphisms per primer. Three types of polymorphisms were detected: band presence/absence, band intensity, and fragment-length polymorphisms. Most of the observed polymorphisms were band presence/absence, typical of RAPD-dominant markers. The number of observed polymorphisms and their segregation in accordance with a Mendelian proportion confirm the importance of this technique for genome analysis of species like M. quadrifasciata that are poorly studied at the genetic level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M G Tavares
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Av. PH Rolfs, s/n, 36.571-000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
This study investigated an endoscopic technique of harvesting the sural nerve graft. Using endoscopic instrumentation, the sural nerve was harvested from six cadaveric legs. A 2-cm longitudinal incision was made immediately posterior to the lateral malleolus, and a 5-mm endoscope was introduced. The path of the nerve was followed to the popliteal space, and nerve dissection was performed from proximal to distal. Air inflation of a balloon was used to enlarge the endoscopic cavity. The cavity created around the nerve was insufflated with carbon dioxide gas, allowing complete nerve isolation. Using a 0.5-cm transverse incision, the nerve was cut and removed. This endoscopic sural nerve grafting approach offers potential advantages such as less injury to soft tissues, decreased pain, nerve integrity preservation, and good aesthetic results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M T Oliveira
- Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery Department, São Paulo Federal University, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Oliveira MT, Caiaffa WT. [Resurgence of the measles epidemic: situation in Minas Gerais, Brazil]. Rev Panam Salud Publica 1998; 4:252-7. [PMID: 9924508 DOI: 10.1590/s1020-49891998001000005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to describe the measles vaccination campaigns that have been carried out in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, since 1988; to highlight their importance in the control of the disease, and to pinpoint the age groups at risk during the recent epidemic, which began in 1996, spread all over the country, and declined in 1998. However, the analysis includes only data up to September 1997. The methodology used was based on the birth cohort analysis design. Data compared by cohorts included target population and vaccination coverage for each campaign, and measles incidence rates during the present epidemic. Results show that the more opportunities for exposure to vaccination campaigns, the lesser the risk for having measles in any birth cohort. In 1997, the relative risk for getting measles was 15.38 (IC 95%: 9.89 to 23.93) for the cohort under 2 years of age, which had not had the opportunity to be exposed to any vaccination campaigns, as compared to cohorts between 3 and 19 years of age with two or more opportunities of exposure to vaccination campaigns. On the basis of the experiences analyzed, catch-up measles vaccination campaigns as well as follow-up campaigns--particularly when routine vaccination did not achieve sufficient coverage--have had an outstanding role in controlling the measles epidemic in the state of Minas Gerais. We therefore suggest making the measles vaccine immediately available to all birth cohorts that did not have the opportunity for exposure to past vaccination campaigns and intensifying epidemiological surveillance. Moreover, it is necessary to find ways to improve routine vaccination coverage in order to achieve the 95% goal set by the National Plan to Eliminate Measles by the Year 2000.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M T Oliveira
- Secretaría de Salud del Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil.
| | | |
Collapse
|