1
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So M, Miyamoto Y, Iwagami M, Ishimaru M, Takahashi M, Egorova N, Kuno T. Response to: Hemoglobin drop associated with the risk of hospital mortality and acute kidney injury among COVID-19 inpatients. QJM 2023; 116:964-965. [PMID: 37335856 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcad139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M So
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Y Miyamoto
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - M Iwagami
- Department of Health Services Research, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - M Ishimaru
- Department of Health Services Research, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - M Takahashi
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - N Egorova
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029-6504, USA
| | - T Kuno
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10467-2401, USA
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2
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Kitaura T, Sato F, Hada T, Ishimaru M, Kodama R, Nambo Y, Watanabe G, Taya K. Influence of exercise and emotional stresses on secretion of prolactin and growth hormone in Thoroughbred horses. J Equine Sci 2021; 32:49-53. [PMID: 34220271 PMCID: PMC8240521 DOI: 10.1294/jes.32.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The secretion of prolactin and growth hormone in response to exercise and emotional
stresses was investigated in Thoroughbreds. Two experiments were performed: one with
loading of only exercise stress and one with simultaneous loading of exercise and
emotional stresses. Exercise stress was loaded in 4 steps using a treadmill for horses:
pre-exercise period (5 min), walking period (6.5 min), galloping period (3 min), and
cooling down period (10 min). Emotional stress was loaded by showing a loud video of an
audience at a racetrack during the walking period. The results clearly demonstrated that
exercise stress rapidly increased the secretion of prolactin and growth hormone and that
secretion of them persisted for a specific period after the exercise. In addition,
emotional stress promoted prolactin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Kitaura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Fumio Sato
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.,Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi 329-0412, Japan
| | - Testuro Hada
- Ritto Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Shiga 520-3085, Japan
| | - Mutsuki Ishimaru
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Rumi Kodama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yasuo Nambo
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Gen Watanabe
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.,United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.,Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences (Doctoral Program), Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Taya
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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3
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Sakamoto T, Fujiogi M, Ishimaru M, Matsui H, Fushimi K, Yasunaga H. Comparison of postoperative infection after emergency inguinal hernia surgery with enterectomy between mesh repair and non-mesh repair: a national database analysis. Hernia 2021; 26:217-223. [PMID: 34138368 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-021-02439-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Synthetic non-absorbable mesh is used for elective inguinal hernia repair but is not commonly used for incarcerated or strangulated inguinal hernia requiring enterectomy to reduce the risk of surgical-site infection. This study aimed to evaluate the safety of synthetic non-absorbable mesh repair in patients with incarcerated or strangulated inguinal hernia requiring enterectomy versus non-mesh repair. METHODS We analyzed patients with incarcerated or strangulated inguinal hernia with enterectomy from April 2012 to March 2017 using a nationwide inpatient database in Japan. We conducted overlap propensity score-weighted analyses to compare surgical-site infection (SSI), duration of anesthesia, antibiotic use at > 3 days after surgery, postoperative hospital stay, and 30 day readmission. Two sensitivity analyses were performed. First, we compared the proportions of patients requiring wound culture at ≥ 3 days after surgery. Second, we performed overlap propensity score-weighted logistic regression analyses for surgical-site infection. RESULTS We identified 668 eligible patients, comprising 223 patients with mesh repair and 445 with non-mesh repair. Overlap propensity score-weighted analyses showed no significant differences between the mesh repair and non-mesh repair groups for SSI (2.5 vs. 2.8%, P = 0.79). Secondary outcomes did not differ significantly between the groups. Proportion of wound culture at ≥ 3 days after surgery was similar in the two groups (11.1 vs. 14.6%, P = 0.18). Logistic regression analysis showed no significant association between mesh repair and SSI (odds ratio, 0.93; 95% confidence interval, 0.34-2.57). CONCLUSION Synthetic non-absorbable mesh use may be safe for incarcerated or strangulated inguinal hernia requiring enterectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sakamoto
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan. .,Department of Surgery, Tokyo Bay Urayasu Ichikawa Medical Center, Chiba, Japan.
| | - M Fujiogi
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - M Ishimaru
- Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, Institutes of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - H Matsui
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - K Fushimi
- Department of Health Policy and Informatics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Yasunaga
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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4
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Ishimaru M, Matsui H, Ono S, Hagiwara Y, Morita K, Yasunaga H. Preoperative oral care and effect on postoperative complications after major cancer surgery. Br J Surg 2018; 105:1688-1696. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Improving patients' oral hygiene is an option for preventing postoperative pneumonia that may be caused by aspiration of oral and pharyngeal secretions. Whether preoperative oral care by a dentist can decrease postoperative complications remains controversial. A retrospective cohort study was undertaken to assess the association between preoperative oral care and postoperative complications among patients who underwent major cancer surgery.
Methods
The nationwide administrative claims database in Japan was analysed. Patients were identified who underwent resection of head and neck, oesophageal, gastric, colorectal, lung or liver cancer between May 2012 and December 2015. The primary outcomes were postoperative pneumonia and all-cause mortality within 30 days of surgery. Patient background was adjusted for with inverse probability of treatment weighting using propensity scoring.
Results
Of 509 179 patients studied, 81 632 (16·0 per cent) received preoperative oral care from a dentist. A total of 15 724 patients (3·09 per cent) had postoperative pneumonia and 1734 (0·34 per cent) died within 30 days of surgery. After adjustment for potential confounding factors, preoperative oral care by a dentist was significantly associated with a decrease in postoperative pneumonia (3·28 versus 3·76 per cent; risk difference − 0·48 (95 per cent c.i. −0·64 to−0·32) per cent) and all-cause mortality within 30 days of surgery (0·30 versus 0·42 per cent; risk difference − 0·12 (−0·17 to −0·07) per cent).
Conclusion
Preoperative oral care by a dentist significantly reduced postoperative complications in patients who underwent cancer surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ishimaru
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Matsui
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Ono
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Hagiwara
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Morita
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Yasunaga
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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5
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Sato F, Endo Y, Horiuchi N, Tominari M, Murase H, Ishimaru M, Korosue K. Histopathological findings of apical fracture of the proximal sesamoid bones in young Thoroughbred foals. J Equine Sci 2017; 28:123-126. [PMID: 28955165 PMCID: PMC5608966 DOI: 10.1294/jes.28.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Although radiographic findings at the apical portion of the proximal sesamoid bone (PSB) are often observed in young Thoroughbred foals, conflicting findings, either fractures or apparent secondary ossifications centers, have
been reported. Three cases (aged 2, 5, and 7 weeks) were identified in 30 necropsied foals (0–31 weeks old). Histopathologically, the subchondral trabecular woven bone was fractured and exhibited focal necrosis of woven bone,
fibrin exudate, and/or fibrosis within the foci. In the 7-week-old case, proliferations of chondrocytes were also observed. These findings suggest that the radiographic findings represented a healing process of the apical PSB
fractures associated with the mechanically damaged subchondral trabeculae. Developmental PSB injuries should be taken into consideration during the management of young Thoroughbred foals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumio Sato
- Department of Equine Breeding Science, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan.,United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Endo
- Department of Equine Breeding Science, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Horiuchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Pathobiological Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Masataka Tominari
- Department of Equine Breeding Science, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Harutaka Murase
- Department of Equine Breeding Science, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Mutsuki Ishimaru
- Department of Equine Breeding Science, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Kenji Korosue
- Department of Equine Breeding Science, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
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6
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Ono S, Ishimaru M, Ono Y, Matsui H, Yasunaga H. IMPACT OF ORAL CARE BY DENTAL PROFESSIONALS AMONG ELDERLY PATIENTS IN A REHABILITATION FACILITY. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.1473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Ono
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,
| | | | - Y. Ono
- National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - H. Matsui
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,
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7
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Tozaki T, Sato F, Ishimaru M, Kikuchi M, Kakoi H, Hirota KI, Nagata SI. Sequence variants of BIEC2-808543 near LCORL are associated with body composition in Thoroughbreds under training. J Equine Sci 2016; 27:107-114. [PMID: 27703405 PMCID: PMC5048357 DOI: 10.1294/jes.27.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ligand-dependent nuclear receptor compressor-like (LCORL) encodes a transcription factor, and its polymorphisms are associated with measures of skeletal frame
size and adult height in several species. Recently, the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) BIEC2-808543 located upstream of LCORL was identified as a genetic
diagnostic marker associated with withers height in Thoroughbreds. In this study, 322 Thoroughbreds-in-training were genotyped for BIEC2-808543 to evaluate the
association between genotype and body composition traits, including body weight, withers height, the ratio of body weight to withers height, chest
circumference, and cannon circumference. Of these, withers height and cannon circumference were significantly associated with LCORL genotypes throughout almost
the entire training period in males and females. Animals with a C/T genotype had higher withers height (maximum differences of 1.8 cm and 2.1 cm in males and
females, respectively) and cannon circumstance (maximum differences of 0.65 cm and 0.48 cm in males and females, respectively) compared with animals with a T/T
genotype. These results suggested that the regulation of LCORL expression influences the skeletal frame size in Thoroughbreds and thus, indirectly affects the
body weight. Although LCORL and BIEC2-808543 would be useful for selective breeding in Thoroughbreds, the production of genetically modified animals and gene
doping based on genetic information should be prohibited in order to maintain racing integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruaki Tozaki
- Genetic Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, Tochigi 320-0851, Japan
| | - Fumio Sato
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Mutsuki Ishimaru
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Mio Kikuchi
- Genetic Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, Tochigi 320-0851, Japan
| | - Hironaga Kakoi
- Genetic Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, Tochigi 320-0851, Japan
| | - Kei-Ichi Hirota
- Genetic Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, Tochigi 320-0851, Japan
| | - Shun-Ichi Nagata
- Genetic Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, Tochigi 320-0851, Japan
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8
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Sato F, Tominari M, Murase H, Ishimaru M, Yusa S, Nakanishi S, Tozaki T. Verification of a Pregnancy by the First Mated Stallion in Successive Estrus Cycles After Stallion Change by DNA Parentage Testing. J Equine Vet Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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9
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Harada T, Nambo Y, Ishimaru M, Sato F, Nagaoka K, Watanabe G, Taya K. Promoting effects of an extended photoperiod treatment on the condition of hair coats and gonadal function in Thoroughbred weanlings. J Equine Sci 2016; 26:147-50. [PMID: 26858581 PMCID: PMC4739146 DOI: 10.1294/jes.26.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of an extended photoperiod (EP) treatment (14.5 hr light, 9.5 hr dark) on Thoroughbred colts and fillies from December 25 at 7-9 months old to the following May at 12-14 months old on coat condition and gonadal functions were investigated. Coat condition was evaluated in April. The colts and fillies in the EP treatment group changed from winter to summer coats (molting of winter coats), whereas those in the control group did not. To determine the day of first ovulation, the plasma concentrations of progesterone were measured once a month in fillies. The day of first ovulation was advanced in the EP treatment fillies compared with the control fillies. The present study clearly demonstrated that the EP treatment advanced the molting of winter coats and advanced ovulation in fillies, even in weanlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Harada
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yasuo Nambo
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Mutsuki Ishimaru
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Fumio Sato
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Kentaro Nagaoka
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Gen Watanabe
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Taya
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Shadai Corporation, Hokkaido 059-1432, Japan
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10
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Suzuki T, Mizukami H, Nambo Y, Ishimaru M, Miyata K, Akiyama K, Korosue K, Naito H, Nagaoka K, Watanabe G, Taya K. Different effects of an extended photoperiod treatment on growth, gonadal function, and condition of hair coats in Thoroughbred yearlings reared under different climate conditions. J Equine Sci 2016; 26:113-24. [PMID: 26858576 PMCID: PMC4739141 DOI: 10.1294/jes.26.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
One- to two-year-old Thoroughbred colts and fillies being reared in Miyazaki (warm climate) and Hidaka (cold climate), Japan, were administered extended photoperiod (EP) treatment between December 20 and the following April 10, and its effect on growth, endocrine changes, gonadal activation, and hair coat condition was investigated. In colts reared in Miyazaki, no effect of EP treatment was noted on the growth indices, including body weight (BW), height at withers (HW), girth, and cannon circumference (CC), whereas the BWs and CCs of fillies were significantly higher in the EP treatment group than the control. In Hidaka, the BWs and HWs of colts and HWs of fillies were significantly higher in the EP treatment group. Gonadal activation characterized by an increase in circulating hormone concentrations was earlier in the EP treatment group for fillies reared in Miyazaki [luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), progesterone (P4), and estradiol-17β (E2)] and in colts (LH, testosterone, and E2) and fillies (LH, FSH, P4, and E2) reared in Hidaka. Regardless of sex and climate, prolactin was significantly higher in the EP treatment group, whereas insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) was not. Initial ovulation occurred before April in more of the EP treatment group than the control regardless of the climate. Molting of the hair coat, examined in March, was advanced in the EP treatment group regardless of sex and climate. These results suggest that EP treatment may promote growth and gonadal activation in fillies reared in Miyazaki and in colts and fillies reared in Hidaka and that the effect may be mediated by prolactin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yasuo Nambo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan; United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Mutsuki Ishimaru
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Kenji Miyata
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Kentaro Akiyama
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Kenji Korosue
- Miyazaki Yearling Training Farm, Japan Racing Association, Miyazaki 880-0036, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Naito
- Equine Department, Japan Racing Association, Tokyo 105-0003, Japan
| | - Kentaro Nagaoka
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Gen Watanabe
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Taya
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Shadai Corporation, Hokkaido 059-1432, Japan
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11
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Hori Y, Tozaki T, Nambo Y, Sato F, Ishimaru M, Inoue-Murayama M, Fujita K. Evidence for the effect of serotonin receptor 1A gene (HTR1A
) polymorphism on tractability in Thoroughbred horses. Anim Genet 2015; 47:62-7. [DOI: 10.1111/age.12384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Hori
- Department of Psychology; Graduate School of Letters; Kyoto University; Yoshida-honmachi Sakyo Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Kojimachi Business Center Building; 5-3-1 Kojimachi Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 102-0083 Japan
| | - T. Tozaki
- Genetic Analysis Department; Laboratory of Racing Chemistry; 1731-2 Tsurutamachi Utsunomiya Tochigi 320-0851 Japan
| | - Y. Nambo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science; Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine; 2-11 Inada-cho Obihiro Hokkaido 080-8555 Japan
| | - F. Sato
- Hidaka Training and Research Center; Japan Racing Association; 535-13 Nishicha Urakawa Hokkaido 057-0171 Japan
| | - M. Ishimaru
- Hidaka Training and Research Center; Japan Racing Association; 535-13 Nishicha Urakawa Hokkaido 057-0171 Japan
| | - M. Inoue-Murayama
- Wildlife Research Center; Kyoto University; 2-24 Tanaka-Sekiden-cho Sakyo Kyoto 606-8203 Japan
- Wildlife Genome Collaborative Research Group; National Institute for Environmental Studies; 16-2 Onogawa Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8506 Japan
| | - K. Fujita
- Department of Psychology; Graduate School of Letters; Kyoto University; Yoshida-honmachi Sakyo Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
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12
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Sato F, Omura T, Ishimaru M, Endo Y, Murase H, Yamashita E. Effects of Daily Astaxanthin and L-Carnitine Supplementation for Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage in Training Thoroughbred Horses. J Equine Vet Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Kunii H, Nambo Y, Okano A, Matsui A, Ishimaru M, Asai Y, Sato F, Fujii K, Nagaoka K, Watanabe G, Taya K. Effects of an extended photoperiod on gonadal function and condition of hair coats in Thoroughbred colts and fillies. J Equine Sci 2015; 26:57-66. [PMID: 26170762 PMCID: PMC4496423 DOI: 10.1294/jes.26.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of an extended photoperiod (EP) in Thoroughbreds colts and fillies from winter at one year old to spring at two years old on the gonadal functions, coat condition, and endocrine changes were investigated. Sixty-two Thoroughbreds (31 colts and 31 fillies) reared in the Hidaka Training and Research Center (Hidaka), Japan Racing Association were used. Thirty of them (15 colts and 15 fillies) were reared under EP conditions from December 20 to April 10, and the remaining 32 horses were reared under natural light alone as a control group. For EP, a 100-watt white bulb was set near the ceilings of stalls, and lighting conditions of 14.5-hr light and 9.5-hr dark periods were established. Blood was collected from the jugular vein once a month from October at one year old to February at two years old in both colts and fillies, and then twice a month in colts and weekly in fillies after March, and the coat condition was evaluated in January and April in 56 horses. To
investigate endocrine changes, the plasma concentrations of prolactin, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), immunoreactive (ir-) inhibin, testosterone, estradiol-17β and progesterone were measured. No significant difference was noted in the coat condition between the two groups in January, but they changed from winter to summer coats (molting of winter coats) in April in the EP group compared with the control group. Regarding endocrine changes, the plasma concentrations of prolactin, FSH, ir-inhibin and testosterone were significantly higher in the EP colts than in the control group from January to April. The plasma concentrations of LH tended to rise in the EP colts from January to April compared with the control group. In the EP fillies, the plasma concentrations of prolactin, LH, ir-inhibin, estradiol-17β and progesterone were significantly higher during January and April, but a significantly high level of FSH was noted in the control than EP group
in January. The ovulation day was advanced in the EP fillies compared with the control group. The present study clearly demonstrated that EP treatment during rearing advanced the molting of winter coats in both colts and fillies. These results suggested to be due to the action of prolactin being increased by EP treatment. In addition, EP treatment stimulated the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis even in yearlings, and advanced ovulation in fillies. Since EP treatment-induced changes in the yearlings were within the physiological range, and the method is safe and simple, EP treatment may be an effective technique in horse husbandry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Kunii
- The Horse Racing School, Japan Racing Association, Chiba 270-1431, Japan
| | - Yasuo Nambo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan ; United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Atsushi Okano
- Miho Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Ibaraki 300-0493, Japan
| | - Akira Matsui
- Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi 320-0856, Japan
| | - Mutsuki Ishimaru
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Yo Asai
- Miho Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Ibaraki 300-0493, Japan
| | - Fumio Sato
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Kazuki Fujii
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan ; Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Kentaro Nagaoka
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan ; Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Gen Watanabe
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan ; Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Taya
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan ; Shadai Corporation, Hokkaido 059-1432, Japan
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Mizukami H, Suzuki T, Nambo Y, Ishimaru M, Naito H, Korosue K, Akiyama K, Miyata K, Yamanobe A, Nagaoka K, Watanabe G, Taya K. Comparison of growth and endocrine changes in Thoroughbred colts and fillies reared under different climate conditions. J Equine Sci 2015; 26:49-56. [PMID: 26170761 PMCID: PMC4496422 DOI: 10.1294/jes.26.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Development and endocrine changes in Thoroughbreds colts and fillies were compared between those reared at two facilities of the Japan Racing Association, the Hidaka Training and Research Center (Hidaka) and Miyazaki Yearling Training Farm (Miyazaki). Thoroughbred colts and fillies born in Japan between 2003 and 2010 were used. Each colt group and filly group was divided into 2 groups, respectively, and raised in Hidaka or Miyazaki for 7 months from September at 1 year old to April at 2 years old. For the growth parameters, the body weight, height at withers, and girth and cannon circumferences were measured once a month. For parameters of endocrine function, circulating prolactin, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), testosterone, progesterone, and estradiol-17β levels were measured. Regarding growth, the rate of increase over the 7-month period was significantly higher in both colts and fillies raised in
Miyazaki than in Hidaka in all 4 parameters: body weight, height at withers, and girth and cannon circumferences. The endocrine changes of the colts and fillies born in 2007 were as follows. In colts, although circulating prolactin tended to be higher in colts reared in Hidaka from October to April, circulating LH, FSH, testosterone, estradiol-17β and IGF-1 tended to be higher in colts reared in Miyazaki than in Hidaka, suggesting that the gonadotropin-releasing hormone-LH/FSH system and the growth hormone-IGF-1 system were more active in colts reared in Miyazaki as compared with those reared in Hidaka. In fillies, circulating prolactin tended to be higher in fillies reared in Hidaka in February and March, but no significant difference was noted in the serum LH, FSH, IGF-1, or progesterone level between the 2 groups. Circulating estradiol-17β tended to be higher in fillies reared in Miyazaki than in Hidaka in October and November. Regarding ovarian function, the initial
ovulation occurred by the end of March in 2 (16.7%) of 12 fillies reared in Hidaka and 7 (38.9%) of 18 fillies reared in Miyazaki, suggesting that the ovarian function was more active in fillies reared in Miyazaki as compared with those reared in Hidaka. Based on these findings, it was clarified that development of the body and gonads was faster in Miyazaki compared with Hidaka in both colts and fillies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yasuo Nambo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan ; United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Mutsuki Ishimaru
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Naito
- Equine Department, Japan Racing Association, Tokyo 106-8401, Japan
| | - Kenji Korosue
- Miyazaki Yearling Training Farm, Japan Racing Association, Miyazaki 880-0036, Japan
| | - Kentaro Akiyama
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Kenji Miyata
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Akira Yamanobe
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Kentaro Nagaoka
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan ; Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Gen Watanabe
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan ; Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Taya
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan ; Shadai Corporation, Hokkaido 059-1432, Japan
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Endo Y, Tsuchiya T, Akiyama K, Takebe N, Nakai K, Korosue K, Ishimaru M, Tsuzuki N, Hobo S. Comparison of the Occurrence of Transportation-associated Fever in 2 Years Old Thoroughbreds before and after Introduction of Prophylactic Marbofloxacin Administration. J Equine Sci 2014; 25:79-81. [PMID: 25558181 PMCID: PMC4266755 DOI: 10.1294/jes.25.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to reveal the preventive effect of marbofloxacin (MRFX) administration just before transportation, we compared the
occurrence of transportation-associated fever before and after introduction of MRFX administration. After the introduction of
prophylactic MRFX administration, the rectal temperatures of horses after transportation were significantly lower than before the
introduction of MRFX administration (P<0.01) and the number of febrile horses was significantly lower than before the
introduction of MRFX administration (P<0.01). In conclusion, these results show that prophylactic MRFX administration just
before transportation is clinically effective at preventing transportation-associated fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro Endo
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Takeru Tsuchiya
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Kentaro Akiyama
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Naoya Takebe
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Kenji Nakai
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Kenji Korosue
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Mutsuki Ishimaru
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Nao Tsuzuki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 880-0036, Japan
| | - Seiji Hobo
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
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Endo Y, Tsuchiya T, Omura T, Nakai K, Korosue K, Ishimaru M, Ishikawa Y, Hobo S. Effects of pre-shipping marbofloxacin administration on fever and blood properties in healthy Thoroughbreds transported a long distance. J Vet Med Sci 2014; 77:75-9. [PMID: 25720808 PMCID: PMC4349540 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.14-0336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated
the effects of single-dose marbofloxacin in protecting horses against fever associated
with transportation using 48 healthy Thoroughbreds. All horses were premedicated with
interferon-α (0.5 U/kg, sublingually, every 24 hr) for 2 days before transportation and on
the day of transportation. Horses were randomly assigned to receive marbofloxacin (2
mg/kg, IV, once; MRFX group), enrofloxacin (5 mg/kg, IV, once; ERFX group) or saline (0.9%
NaCl) solution (10 ml, IV, once; control group) ≤1 hr before being
transportation. Each group contained 16 horses (8 males, 8 females). Horses were
transported 1,210 km using commercial vans over the course of approximately 26 hr.
Clinical examinations and hematologic analyses were performed on all horses both before
and after transportation. Post-transportation neutrophil to lymphocyte ratios were
significantly lower in horses in the MRFX group compared with the control horses. The
serum amyloid A levels were significantly lower in horses in the MRFX group and ERFX group
compared with the control horses. Regarding the post-transportation rectal temperatures,
fever was detected in 0 horses and 1 horse in the MRFX and ERFX groups, respectively,
whereas fevers exceeding 39.1°C were detected in 2 horses in the control group.
Additionally, the number of essential post-transportation treatments provided by
veterinarians was reduced 3-fold in the MRFX and ERFX groups compared with the saline
group. MRFX provided ERFX-like protection against fever associated with long-distance
transportation, yielding significantly better protection than saline. Administration of
MRFX just before transportation deserves a further study for efficacy in preventing horse
fever associated with transportation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro Endo
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, 535-13 Nishicha, Urakawa-cho, Urakawa-gun, Hokkaido 057-0171 Japan
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Korosue K, Endo Y, Murase H, Ishimaru M, Nambo Y, Sato F. The cross-sectional area changes in digital flexor tendons and suspensory ligament in foals by ultrasonographic examination. Equine Vet J 2014; 47:548-52. [PMID: 25124717 DOI: 10.1111/evj.12330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY Flexural deformities are common conditions of growing horses and are suggested to have a relationship with the contraction of musculotendinous units. However, limited studies have documented the changes in each tendon and ligament in the metacarpal region with age. OBJECTIVES To investigate the changes in the cross-sectional area (CSA) of each tendon and ligament in the metacarpal region with age by ultrasonographic examination. STUDY DESIGN Longitudinal study of foals from Day 1 to age 24 months. METHODS The CSA of the superficial digital flexor tendon, deep digital flexor tendon, accessory ligament of the deep digital flexor tendon and suspensory ligament was measured by ultrasonographic examination at monthly intervals from Day 1 to age 24 months in 7 Thoroughbred foals. RESULTS Changes in superficial digital flexor CSA in all regions were larger than those of other structures from 10 months to 15 months. The suspensory ligament CSA was significantly larger than those of other structures on Day 1 in both the region of suspensory origin (RSO) and region of suspensory body (RSBO). This condition continued until 2 months in the RSO and until 5 months in the RSBO. The changes in deep digital flexor CSA were larger than those of other structures from 2 to 5 months in both the RSO and RSBO. CONCLUSIONS The rate of change in each structure varies with age. Thus, the functional adaptation with age that takes place may differ among structures because the primary function of each structure differs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Korosue
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Urakawa-gun, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Y Endo
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Urakawa-gun, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - H Murase
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Urakawa-gun, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - M Ishimaru
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Urakawa-gun, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Y Nambo
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Urakawa-gun, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - F Sato
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Urakawa-gun, Hokkaido, Japan
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Hino K, Ishimaru M, Iseki Y, Watanabe S, Onishi Y, Miura H. Mid-flexion laxity is greater after posterior-stabilised total knee replacement than with cruciate-retaining procedures: A computer navigation study. Bone Joint J 2013; 95-B:493-7. [PMID: 23539701 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.95b4.30664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
There are several methods for evaluating stability of the joint during total knee replacement (TKR). Activities of daily living demand mechanical loading to the knee joint, not only in full extension, but also in mid-flexion. The purpose of this study was to compare the varus-valgus stability throughout flexion in knees treated with either cruciate-retaining or posterior-stabilised TKR, using an intra-operative navigation technique. A total of 34 knees underwent TKR with computer navigation, during which the investigator applied a maximum varus-valgus stress to the knee while steadily moving the leg from full extension to flexion both before and after prosthetic implantation. The femorotibial angle was measured simultaneously by the navigation system at every 10° throughout the range of movement. It was found that posterior-stabilised knees had more varus-valgus laxity than cruciate-retaining knees at all angles examined, and the differences were statistically significant at 10° (p = 0.0093), 20° (p = 0.0098) and 30° of flexion (p = 0.0252).
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hino
- Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Tohon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.
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Korosue K, Murase H, Sato F, Ishimaru M, Watanabe G, Harada T, Taya K, Nambo Y. Changes in Serum Concentrations of Prolactin, Progestagens, and Estradiol-17β and Biochemical Parameters During Peripartum in an Agalactic Mare. J Equine Vet Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2012.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Korosue K, Murase H, Sato F, Ishimaru M, Kotoyori Y, Tsujimura K, Nambo Y. Comparison of pH and refractometry index with calcium concentrations in preparturient mammary gland secretions of mares. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2013; 242:242-8. [DOI: 10.2460/javma.242.2.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Endo Y, Tsuchiya T, Sato F, Murase H, Omura T, Korosue K, Nambo Y, Ishimaru M, Wakui Y. Efficacy of omeprazole paste in the prevention of gastric ulcers in 2 years old Thoroughbreds. J Vet Med Sci 2012; 74:1079-81. [PMID: 22498926 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.11-0545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevalence of equine gastric ulcer syndrome in 85 young Thoroughbreds was investigated. The presence of gastric ulcers was confirmed in 27.1% (23/85) of the horses by endoscopic examination. Sixty-two horses without gastric ulcers were allocated randomly to either the treated group (31 horses) or sham-dosed control group (31 horses) in order to investigate the efficacy of omeprazole oral paste in the prevention of gastric ulcers. At the second endoscopic examination conducted after 28 days of administration, only 1 horse in the treated group developed gastric ulcers, while 12 horses developed gastric ulcers in the control group. Based on these data, the efficacy of omeprazole in prevention of equine gastric ulcers in young Thoroughbreds during the training period was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro Endo
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, 535-13 Nishicha, Urakawa-gun, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan.
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Korosue K, Murase H, Sato F, Ishimaru M, Harada T, Watanabe G, Taya K, Nambo Y. Successful induction of lactation in a barren Thoroughbred mare: growth of a foal raised on induced lactation and the corresponding maternal hormone profiles. J Vet Med Sci 2012; 74:995-1002. [PMID: 22467072 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.12-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that a barren parous Thoroughbred mare with lactation induced by hormonal treatment can be introduced to an orphan foal at the same farm and that the mare can become pregnant after the end of the hormonal treatment. An additional purpose was to investigate the changes in the plasma concentrations of prolactin, estradiol-17β, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone before, during, and after hormonal treatment. The difference in body weight between the adopted foal and the control foals, which were at the same farm and raised by their natural mothers, was 17 kg at 24 weeks old, when the foals were weaned. However, the adopted foal and the control foals had almost the same weight at 35 weeks old and later. The first ovulation after hormonal treatment was confirmed 10 days after the end of hormonal treatment and then the normal estrous cycle resumed. Furthermore, the changes in plasma progesterone, estradiol-17β, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone showed regular patterns after the first ovulation. Conception was confirmed in the fifth ovulation. Meanwhile, another study demonstrated that conception was confirmed in the first ovulation after hormonal treatment. The present study is the first to demonstrate the hormonal profiles during and after induction of lactation in a Thoroughbred mare. This approach is useful for solving the economic and epidemic problems of introducing a nurse mare to an orphan foal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Korosue
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, 535-13 Aza-Nishicha, Urakawa-gun, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan.
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Abstract
Formation processes of beta-FeSi(2) from amorphous Fe-Si layers have been investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Si(111) substrates were irradiated with 120 keV Fe ions at -150 degrees C to fluences of 1.0 x 10(17) and 4.0 x 10(17) cm(-2). An amorphous Fe-Si layer embedded in an amorphous Si was formed in the low-fluence sample, whereas an amorphous Fe-Si surface layer on an amorphous Si was obtained in the high-fluence one. The amorphous Fe-Si layers were crystallized to beta-FeSi(2) after thermal annealing at 800 degrees C for 2 h. Cross-sectional and plan-view TEM observations revealed that, prior to the formation of beta-FeSi(2), the amorphous Fe-Si layers crystallized to alpha-FeSi(2) in the low-fluence sample and to epsilon-FeSi in the high-fluence one. The absence of metastable gamma-FeSi(2) which is considered as a precursor of epitaxially grown beta-FeSi(2) on Si was attributed to the instability of gamma-phase in an amorphous matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Naito
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan.
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Abstract
Finely dispersed hard magnetic L1o-FePtCu nanoparticles with 100 orientation were directly synthesized by RF-sputtering on NaCl substrate at a temperature of 613 K. The maximum coercivity of the particles was 1.4 kOe (at RT). Degrees of atomic long-range order (LRO) for the L1o-FePtCu nanoparticles with different sizes were obtained using nanobeam electron diffraction technique. The decrease of LRO parameter became remarkable when the size became below 8 nm. The coercivity value also decreased with decreasing the particle size. The relation between the LRO parameter decrease and the coercivity decrease with particle size was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hirotsu
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan.
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Eda M, Ishimaru M, Tada T, Kinoshita T, Smith D, Gross K. Production and crystallization of tomato β-galactosidase 4. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308090983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Helal IE, Misumi K, Tateno O, Kodama T, Ishimaru M, Yamamoto J, Miyakoshi D, Fujiki M. Effect of exercise on serum concentration of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein in Thoroughbreds. Am J Vet Res 2007; 68:134-40. [PMID: 17269877 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.68.2.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate changes in serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) concentrations in response to exercise in horses. ANIMALS 15 horses in experiment 1 and 27 horses in experiment 2. PROCEDURES In experiment 1, 15 Thoroughbreds free of orthopedic disease underwent a standardized exercise protocol. Running velocity and heart rate (HR) were recorded, and blood samples were collected immediately before (baseline) and 1, 5, and 24 hours after a single episode of exercise. In experiment 2, 27 horses underwent 9 stages of a training program in which each stage consisted of 4 to 8 consecutive daily workouts followed by a rest day. Blood samples were collected immediately before the first and final daily workouts in each stage. Serum COMP concentrations were measured via inhibition ELISA with a monoclonal antibody (14G4) against equine COMP. RESULTS In experiment 1, mean serum COMP concentration was significantly higher than baseline 1 and 5 hours after exercise and returned to baseline concentrations 24 hours after exercise. Mean serum baseline COMP concentration increased as the velocity of running at maximum HR and at an HR of 200 beats/min increased, being significantly higher during the third and fourth exercise tests than during the first. In experiment 2, mean baseline COMP concentration at the final workout of each stage was significantly higher than that at the first workout, beginning with stage 3. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Serum COMP concentrations changed significantly in response to exercise. Exercise may enhance movement of COMP into the circulation as well as change the basal turnover rate of COMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim E Helal
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Kagoshima University, 21-24 Korimoto 1-chome, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
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Hayashi N, Watanabe H, Yasukawa H, Uratsuji H, Kanazawa H, Ishimaru M, Kotera N, Akatsuka M, Kawashima M. Comedolytic effect of topically applied active vitamin D3
analogue on pseudocomedones in the rhino mouse. Br J Dermatol 2006; 155:895-901. [PMID: 17034516 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07486.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinoids and active vitamin D(3) analogues regulate the proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes and are effective in the treatment of psoriasis. Retinoids are known to be effective against acne vulgaris through comedolysis. However, the comedolytic effect of active vitamin D(3) analogues has not been reported. OBJECTIVES To investigate whether maxacalcitol, one of the active vitamin D(3) analogues, has a comedolytic effect by using spontaneously comedogenic rhino mice. METHODS Rhino mice were treated topically with tretinoin and maxacalcitol once daily for 2 and 4 weeks, respectively. The dermal side of the epidermal sheet was observed to determine the size of the utricle. Haematoxylin and eosin-stained vertical sections were used to measure utricle diameter and density and to evaluate histological changes. RESULTS Maxacalcitol (25 microg g(-1)) and tretinoin (0.1%) significantly decreased the size and the diameter of the utricle after 1 week of treatment. However, maxacalcitol did not affect the density while tretinoin did have an effect. Histopathologically, maxacalcitol and tretinoin markedly induced epidermal hyperplasia accompanied by a minor accumulation of inflammatory cells in the dermis, with and without hypercornification, respectively. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that maxacalcitol has a prominent effect on comedolysis and that its mechanism of action may be different from that of retinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hayashi
- Research Laboratories, Kyoto R&D Center, Maruho Co., Ltd, Chudoji, Kyoto 600-8815, Japan.
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Ishimaru M, Morikawa K, Hifumi E, Itoh T, Uda T. Analysis of the antigen recognition sites of anti-methamphetamine monoclonal antibodies (II): unique feature of MA-3 antibody. J Biosci Bioeng 2005; 89:492-4. [PMID: 16232784 DOI: 10.1016/s1389-1723(00)89103-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/1999] [Accepted: 02/04/2000] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A monoclonal antibody against methamphetamine (MA-3 mAb) was found to be strongly bound to ephedrine. This feature was quite different from that of other fourteen mAbs against MA. Analyses of cDNA sequence and steric conformation by molecular modeling revealed that one hydrophilic pocket was generated in the heavy chain of MA-3 mAb involving CDRH-1 and CDRH-2. Asn33, Asn35, Asn50 and Asp52 were the main components of the unique pocket capable of binding to the hydroxyl group of ephedrine.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ishimaru
- School of Biosciences, Hiroshima Prefectural University, Shobaru City, Hiroshima 727-0023, Japan
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29
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Kobayashi K, Ehrlich SD, Albertini A, Amati G, Andersen KK, Arnaud M, Asai K, Ashikaga S, Aymerich S, Bessieres P, Boland F, Brignell SC, Bron S, Bunai K, Chapuis J, Christiansen LC, Danchin A, Débarbouille M, Dervyn E, Deuerling E, Devine K, Devine SK, Dreesen O, Errington J, Fillinger S, Foster SJ, Fujita Y, Galizzi A, Gardan R, Eschevins C, Fukushima T, Haga K, Harwood CR, Hecker M, Hosoya D, Hullo MF, Kakeshita H, Karamata D, Kasahara Y, Kawamura F, Koga K, Koski P, Kuwana R, Imamura D, Ishimaru M, Ishikawa S, Ishio I, Le Coq D, Masson A, Mauël C, Meima R, Mellado RP, Moir A, Moriya S, Nagakawa E, Nanamiya H, Nakai S, Nygaard P, Ogura M, Ohanan T, O'Reilly M, O'Rourke M, Pragai Z, Pooley HM, Rapoport G, Rawlins JP, Rivas LA, Rivolta C, Sadaie A, Sadaie Y, Sarvas M, Sato T, Saxild HH, Scanlan E, Schumann W, Seegers JFML, Sekiguchi J, Sekowska A, Séror SJ, Simon M, Stragier P, Studer R, Takamatsu H, Tanaka T, Takeuchi M, Thomaides HB, Vagner V, van Dijl JM, Watabe K, Wipat A, Yamamoto H, Yamamoto M, Yamamoto Y, Yamane K, Yata K, Yoshida K, Yoshikawa H, Zuber U, Ogasawara N. Essential Bacillus subtilis genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2003; 100:4678-83. [PMID: 12682299 PMCID: PMC153615 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0730515100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1042] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To estimate the minimal gene set required to sustain bacterial life in nutritious conditions, we carried out a systematic inactivation of Bacillus subtilis genes. Among approximately 4,100 genes of the organism, only 192 were shown to be indispensable by this or previous work. Another 79 genes were predicted to be essential. The vast majority of essential genes were categorized in relatively few domains of cell metabolism, with about half involved in information processing, one-fifth involved in the synthesis of cell envelope and the determination of cell shape and division, and one-tenth related to cell energetics. Only 4% of essential genes encode unknown functions. Most essential genes are present throughout a wide range of Bacteria, and almost 70% can also be found in Archaea and Eucarya. However, essential genes related to cell envelope, shape, division, and respiration tend to be lost from bacteria with small genomes. Unexpectedly, most genes involved in the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway are essential. Identification of unknown and unexpected essential genes opens research avenues to better understanding of processes that sustain bacterial life.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara 630-0101, Japan
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Bittigau P, Pohl D, Sifringer M, Shimizu H, Ikeda M, Ishimaru M, Stadthaus D, Fuhr S, Dikranian K, Olney JW, Ikonomidou C. Modeling pediatric head trauma: mechanisms of degeneration and potential strategies for neuroprotection. Restor Neurol Neurosci 2003; 13:11-23. [PMID: 12671284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a model for head trauma in infant rats in an attempt to study mechanisms of neurodegeneration in the developing brain and were able to morphologically characterize two distinct types of brain damage. The first type or primary damage evolved within 4 hrs after trauma and occurred by an excitotoxic mechanism. The second type or secondary damage evolved within 6-24 hrs and occurred by an apoptotic mechanism. Primary damage remained localized to the parietal cortex at the site of impact. Secondary damage affected distant sites such as the cingulate/retrosplenial cortex, subiculum, frontal cortex, thalamus, hippocampal dentate gyrus and striatum. Histological evidence of delayed cell death was preceded by decrease of bcl-2- in conjunction with increase of c-jun-mRNA-levels, already evident at 1 hr after trauma. Increase of CPP32-like activity and elevated concentrations of oligonucleosomes in affected brain regions represented additional findings to indicate that this secondary disseminated degenerative reaction is apoptotic in nature. At the age of 7 days, secondary apoptotic damage was more severe than primary excitotoxic damage, but its severity declined with increasing age. In 7-days-old rats, NMDA antagonists protected against primary excitotoxic damage but increased severity of secondary apoptotic damage whereas the free radical scavenger SPBN, the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor pentoxifylline and the antioxidant N-acetylcystein mitigated apoptotic damage. These findings demonstrate that in the developing rat brain apoptosis and not excitotoxicity determines neuropathologic outcome following head trauma. Whereas radical scavengers and TNF-inhibitors may prove useful in treatment of pediatric head trauma, great caution should be applied in regards to the use of NMDA antagonists because of the inherent risk of apoptosis promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bittigau
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Charité-Virchow Clinics, Children's Hospital, Humboldt University Medical School, Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13353 Berlin, Germany
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31
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Yoshimura H, Ishimaru M, Kojima A. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of 20 antimicrobial agents against Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine intramammary infections in Japan. J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health 2002; 49:457-60. [PMID: 12489715 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0450.2002.t01-1-00593.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 20 antimicrobial agents were determined against 51 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from bovine intramammary infections. Fourteen (27.4%) isolates were resistant to benzylpenicillin, but none of the isolates was resistant to cloxacillin, nafcillin, or cephems. Among aminoglycosides, gentamicin was the most active, with an MIC50 of 0.2 microg/ml, followed by kanamycin, with an MIC50 of 0.78 microg/ml. Five isolates (9.8%) were resistant to dihydrostreptomycin, three isolates (5.9%) to kanamycin and two isolates (3.9%) to gentamicin. Resistance to erythromycin was observed in two isolates (3.9%). Tylosin was less active than erythromycin, with MIC50s of 1.56 microg/ml versus 0.39 microg/ml, but none of the isolates was resistant to this antibiotic. Oxytetracycline MICs were situated in the range of 0.39-1.56 microg/ml for 48 susceptible isolates. Although 19 (37.3%) isolates were resistant to one or more antimicrobial agents, a single resistance pattern was most frequent: benzylpenicillin (12 isolates), dihydrostreptomycin (two isolates) and kanamycin (one isolate). There were no isolates resistant to antimicrobial agents such as methicillin, lincomycin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, florfenicol and virginiamycin, which have not been approved for use in cattle husbandry in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yoshimura
- National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokura, Kokubunji, Tokyo, Japan
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32
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Kobayashi S, Ishimaru M, Hiraoka K, Honda C. Myb-related genes of the Kyoho grape ( Vitis labruscana) regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis. Planta 2002; 215:924-33. [PMID: 12355152 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-002-0830-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2002] [Accepted: 05/21/2002] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Partial cDNAs of myb-related regulatory genes were isolated from the tetraploid Kyoho grape ( Vitis labruscana: V. labrusca x V. vinifera) and the expression patterns of the corresponding genes were studied. Since MybA gene expression is closely related to coloring and/or ripening of the berry (expression increases strongly with the commencement of coloring and berry softening, and is detected only in berry skin and flesh), full-length cDNAs for the gene were isolated from a mature-berry cDNA library. Three different species of MybA were identified from the cDNA sequences. Delivery of these cDNAs to somatic embryos of grape led to the induction of reddish-purple spots and UDP-glucose:flavonoid 3- O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT) gene expression in non-colored embryos. The UFGT transcript was not detected in control embryos, while other structural genes for anthocyanin biosynthesis were expressed in both control and pigmented embryos. In addition, introduction of the UFGT gene induced the same reddish-purple spots in embryos. In contrast, treatment with the leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase (LDOX) gene failed to induce these spots. Our results strongly suggest that MybA genes are involved in the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in the grape via expression of the UFGT gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kobayashi
- Department of Grape and Persimmon Research, National Institute of Fruit Tree Science, Akitsu, Hiroshima 729-2494, Japan.
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33
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Yoshimura H, Ishimaru M, Endoh YS, Kojima A. Antimicrobial susceptibility of Pasteurella multocida isolated from cattle and pigs. J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health 2001; 48:555-60. [PMID: 11666039 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0450.2001.00468.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 10 antimicrobial agents were determined for Pasteurella multocida from cattle and pigs (72 and 68 isolates, respectively). Higher MICs were observed with oxytetracycline, doxycycline, tilmicosin and thiamphenicol for porcine isolates than for bovine isolates. Enrofloxacin was the most active, with an MIC for 90% of the isolates (MIC90) of 0.05 microg/ml for both bovine and porcine isolates. Aspoxicillin exhibited the same excellent activity against penicillin-susceptible isolates as ceftiofur, with MICs ranging from < or = 0.025 to 0.1 microg/ml. Aminoglycosides were less active, with an MIC90 of > 100 microg/ml for both bovine and porcine isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yoshimura
- National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Kokubunji, Tokyo, Japan
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34
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Kobayashi S, Ishimaru M, Ding CK, Yakushiji H, Goto N. Comparison of UDP-glucose:flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT) gene sequences between white grapes (Vitis vinifera) and their sports with red skin. Plant Sci 2001; 160:543-550. [PMID: 11166442 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-9452(00)00425-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The expression of the UDP-glucose:flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT) gene has been shown to be critical for anthocyanin biosynthesis in the grape berry. Using white cultivars and bud sports with red skin, we examined the expression of seven anthocyanin biosynthetic genes including the UFGT gene and compared the coding/promoter sequences of the UFGT gene. Northern blot analysis showed that the seven anthocyanin biosynthetic genes were expressed coordinately at higher levels in the red-skin sports than in the white-skin progenitors of the sports. It was especially notable that UFGT gene expression was detected only in the red-skin sports and Kyoho. However, there were no differences in either coding or promoter sequences between Italia (Vitis vinifera) and its red-skin sport Ruby Okuyama, or between Muscat of Alexandria (V. vinifera) and the red-skin sport Flame Muscat. From these findings, the phenotypic change from white to red in the sports is thought to be the result of a mutation in a regulatory gene controlling the expression of UFGT.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kobayashi
- Persimmon and Grape Research Center, National Institute of Fruit Tree Science, Akitsu, 729-2494, Hiroshima, Japan
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35
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Hirotsu Y, Ishimaru M, Ohkubo T, Hanada T, Sugiyama M. Application of nano-diffraction to local atomic distribution function analysis of amorphous materials. QJM 2001; 50:435-42. [PMID: 11918407 DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/50.6.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A method is proposed for the local atomic distribution function analysis of amorphous materials. This method is based on local halo-electron diffraction intensity analysis with nano-sized electron probes as small as 25 to approximately 3 nm, taking advantage of the intensity recording with imaging plate. Nanodiffraction and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns from an amorphous SiNx (x approximately 4/3) thin film were taken using a conventional transmission electron microscope operated at 200 kV and recorded on imaging plates. An intensity correction to omit inelastic intensity was made using electron energy-loss spectroscopy. When a beam-convergence angle is larger than 1 x 10(-3) rad, the Wiener-filter deconvolution method becomes helpful in producing atomic pair distribution functions (PDFs) from the nano-diffraction intensity profiles that are more similar to the PDF from the SAED intensity. This technique was applied to the analysis of local amorphous structures of SiO2 layers formed by an oxygen-ion implantation into single crystal SiC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hirotsu
- Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Japan.
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36
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Abe Y, Chinzei T, Isoyama T, Ono T, Mochizuki S, Saito I, Iwasaki K, Ishimaru M, Karita T, Kuono A, Baba K, Imachi K. One month survival with the undulation pump total artificial heart in a goat. Artif Organs 2001; 25:69-71. [PMID: 11167565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
The undulation pump is a small continuous flow displacement-type blood pump. The undulation pump total artificial heart (UPTAH) is a unique implantable total artificial heart using undulation pumps. An adult female goat weighing 45.8 kg was used for implantation. The natural heart was replaced with the UPTAH under extracorporal circulation. The cardiac output (CO) was maintained to 100 ml/kg/min by controlling the right pump manually. To prevent lung edema, the left pump was controlled automatically to maintain the left atrial pressure below 20 mm Hg. The CO was maintained for 2 weeks. Thereafter, the CO gradually decreased. The goat suddenly died because of a brain stroke on the 31st postoperative day. At autopsy, the cavity of the left atrial cuff was almost occupied by the big pannus-like thrombus, which was thought to be the cause of death. Improvement of the atrial cuff is necessary to obtain longer survival and is being modified. No thrombus was found inside the pumps. However, temperature rise in a left motor was a problem. Improvement of the efficiency in a motor is necessary. Although many problems still remained, 1 month survival could be obtained with this unique implantable TAH using continuous flow displacement-type blood pumps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Abe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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37
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Abstract
Enterococci were isolated from faecal droppings of chickens in broiler and layer farms and the susceptibilities to nine therapeutic antimicrobial agents and six growth-promoting antibiotics were determined by the agar dilution method. Resistance to therapeutic antimicrobial agents such as ampicillin, clindamycin, erythromycin, streptomycin, tetracycline or tylosin was more frequent in enterococcal isolates from broiler farms than in those from layer farms. Resistance to ofloxacin was rare, occurring in only one (0.7%) of the Enterococcus faecium isolates from broiler farms. Resistance to growth-promoting antibiotics such as avilamycin, salinomycin and virginiamycin was common among isolates from broiler farms. Of the E. faecium isolates from broiler farms, 12.4% were resistant to avilamycin and 27.4% were resistant to virginiamycin. Resistance to salinomycin was detected in all enterococcal species, ranging from 12.4% of E. faecium isolates to 50% of E. hirae isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yoshimura
- National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Kokubunji, Tokyo, Japan.
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38
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Abstract
The radiation performance of a variety of complex oxides is predicted on the basis of a material's propensity to accommodate lattice point defects. The calculations indicate that a particular class of oxides possessing the fluorite crystal structure should accept radiation-induced defects into their lattices far more readily than a structurally similar class of oxides based on the pyrochlore crystal structure. Preliminary radiation damage experiments substantiate the prediction that fluorites are inherently more radiation resistant than pyrochlores. These results may permit the chemical durability and radiation tolerance of potential hosts for actinides and radioactive wastes to be tailored.
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Affiliation(s)
- KE Sickafus
- Division of Materials Science and Technology, MS-G755, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA. Department of Materials, Imperial College, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BP, UK. The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Re
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39
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Yoshimura H, Endoh YS, Ishimaru M, Takagi M. Antimicrobial resistance patterns of Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella dublin isolated from cattle in Japan. Vet Rec 2000; 147:48-50. [PMID: 10955894 DOI: 10.1136/vr.147.2.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Yoshimura
- National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Kokubunji, Tokyo, Japan
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40
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Tajiri M, Sakoh A, Ishii H, Suzuki H, Suzuki T, Ishimaru M, Sugiura A, Wada R. [A thoracoscopic resection of pulmonary metastasis from breast cancer: a case report with a 27-year disease-free interval]. Kyobu Geka 2000; 53:242-5. [PMID: 10714117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
A 70-year-old woman, who had undergone a right radical mastectomy for breast cancer 27 years previously, was found to have a tumor measuring 15 mm in diameter between the S5 area and the S8 area of the left lung. We suspected it to be either metastatic or primary lung cancer based on preoperatively any conclusive diagnosis. We thus performed a thoracoscopic partial lung resection and pericardial resection. The pathological diagnosis of the resected specimen was pulmonary metastasis from the previous breast cancer, since the pathological findings of the lung lesion were closely similar to those of the previous breast lesion. Using immunohistochemical methods, the tumor cells show positive staining for anti-estrogen receptor antibody. In lung tumor cases in which the patient has undergone a breast cancer resection, even more than 20 years previously, surgeons must not rule out the possibility of recurrence. Thoracoscopic surgery is considered to be most effective method for both making a definitive diagnosis and for performing curative treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tajiri
- Department of Surgery Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
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41
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Yoshimura H, Kojima A, Ishimaru M. Antimicrobial susceptibility of Arcanobacterium pyogenes isolated from cattle and pigs. J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health 2000; 47:139-43. [PMID: 10763384 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0450.2000.00315.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 18 antimicrobial agents were determined for 49 Arcanobacterium pyogenes isolates (42 bovine isolates and 7 porcine isolates). Benzylpenicillin and ampicillin were the most active antibiotics, with MIC ranges of < or = 0.0125-0.05 microgram/ml for both bovine and porcine isolates. All isolates were susceptible to penicillins and cephems. MICs for 90% of the isolates of dihydrostreptomycin, gentamicin and oxytetracycline for bovine isolates were > 100 micrograms/ml, 1.56 micrograms/ml and 25 micrograms/ml, respectively. More resistance to dihydrostreptomycin appeared among porcine isolates (85.7%) than among bovine isolates (52.4%). Resistance to gentamicin occurred in only 3 (7.1%) of the bovine isolates. Resistance to oxytetracycline also appeared more frequent among porcine isolates (85.7%) than among bovine isolates (57.1%). All bovine isolates were susceptible to erythromycin, tilmocosin and lincomycin, but two porcine isolates (28.6%) were simultaneously resistant to these antibiotics. Tiamulin was as active as tilmicosin, with an MIC for 50% of the isolates (MIC50) of 0.05 microgram/ml for both bovine and porcine isolates. The MIC50s of chloramphenicol and its derivatives florfenicol and thiamphenicol were all 1.56 micrograms/ml. The fluoroquinolones enrofloxacin and ofloxacin were not so active as penicillins and macrolides, with MIC50s of 0.78 microgram/ml and 1.56 micrograms/ml, respectively, for both bovine and porcine isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yoshimura
- National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo, Japan
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42
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Bittigau P, Sifringer M, Pohl D, Stadthaus D, Ishimaru M, Shimizu H, Ikeda M, Lang D, Speer A, Olney JW, Ikonomidou C. Apoptotic neurodegeneration following trauma is markedly enhanced in the immature brain. Ann Neurol 1999; 45:724-35. [PMID: 10360764 DOI: 10.1002/1531-8249(199906)45:6<724::aid-ana6>3.0.co;2-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Age dependency of apoptotic neurodegeneration was studied in the developing rat brain after percussion head trauma. In 7-day-old rats, mechanical trauma, applied by means of a weight drop device, was shown to trigger widespread cell death in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the trauma site, which first appeared at 6 hours, peaked at 24 hours, and subsided by 5 days after trauma. Ultrastructurally, degenerating neurons displayed features consistent with apoptosis. A decrease of bcl-2 in conjunction with an increase of c-jun mRNA levels, which were evident at 1 hour after trauma and were accompanied by elevation of CPP 32-like proteolytic activity and oligonucleosomes in vulnerable brain regions, confirmed the apoptotic nature of this process. Severity of trauma-triggered apoptosis in the brains of 3- to 30-day-old rats was age dependent, was highest in 3- and 7-day-old animals, and demonstrated a subsequent rapid decline. Adjusting the mechanical force in accordance with age-specific brain weights revealed a similar vulnerability profile. Thus, apoptotic neurodegeneration contributes in an age-dependent fashion to neuropathological outcome after head trauma, with the immature brain being exceedingly vulnerable. These results help explain unfavorable outcomes of very young pediatric head trauma patients and imply that, in this group, an antiapoptotic regimen may constitute a successful neuroprotective approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bittigau
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
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43
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Kamada T, Ishimaru M, Kobayashi Y, Nagai Y, Ibukiyama C. [Relation between wall motion and scintigraphic uptake altered by the cut-off level on technetium-99m sestamibi tomographic imaging--the preferable cut-off levels according to tomographic uptake correlated with the wall motion]. Kaku Igaku 1999; 36:131-8. [PMID: 10213980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether technetium-99m sestamibi imaging can evaluate myocardial viability is still obscure. It may be partially because the preferable cut-off level for evaluation of the viability is not known. OBJECTIVES This study was aimed to investigate which cut-off level should be used for estimation of the contractile function, and verify whether technetium-99m sestamibi tomographic imaging can evaluate myocardial viability. METHODS We studied 45 patients who had had myocardial infarction. They underwent technetium-99m sestamibi imaging, echocardiography, and cardiac catheterization. The myocardial image was divided into 16 segments, each of which was scored according to wall motion on echocardiography with a 4-point scale. The segmental technetium-99m uptake was also scored with a 4-point scale. We investigated the correlation between wall motion and scintigraphic uptake with the use of 7 cut-off levels (from 35% to 65%, in 5% increments). The correlation ranks were compared among patient groups with a number of stenotic vessels. RESULTS Irrespective of the number of stenotic vessels, the defect score was similarly enlarged according to cut-off levels. The patient groups had the maximum correlation ranks with different cut-off levels, which were 40% for 1-vessel disease (rho = 0.512, n = 160, p = 0.0001), 50% for 2-vessel disease (rho = 0.424, n = 208, p = 0.0001), and 60% for 3-vessel disease (rho = 0.540, n = 272, p = 0.0001). The correlation ranks for all groups were stable, whereas not high, throughout various cut-off levels. CONCLUSIONS Technetium-99m sestamibi imaging can approximately estimate myocardial viability from the point of view of function, which may be corrected by the careful choice of cut off levels according to the number of the stenotic vessels (40% for 1-vessel disease, 50% for 2-vessel disease, 60% for 3-vessel disease).
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kamada
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical University
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Yoshimura H, Ishimaru M, Endoh YS, Suginaka M, Yamatani S. Isolation of glycopeptide-resistant enterococci from chicken in Japan. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998; 42:3333. [PMID: 10049243 PMCID: PMC106052 DOI: 10.1128/aac.42.12.3333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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45
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Takazawa K, Fujita M, Tanaka N, Takeda K, Ishimaru M, Kowaguchi H, Matsuoka O, Kurosu F, Tamura S, Ibukiyama C. Comparison of lumen area after PTCA by IVUS and QCA. Heart Vessels 1998; Suppl 12:217-20. [PMID: 9476587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The coronary lumen area just after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) was assessed by intravascular ultrasonography (IVUS) with 4.3 F cardiovascular imaging systems (CVIS) and quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) with Kontron CARDIO 500. Altogether 34 lesions were divided into two groups by IVUS findings using Nissen's circular shape factor (CSF), which was defined by the (calculated perimeter/observed perimeter), expressing lumen eccentricity. The eccentric group (CSF < or = 0.92) was 22, and concentric group (CSF > 0.92) was 12. The minimum lumen diameter by IVUS and QCA (both edge-detection and densitometric methods) correlated in both the eccentric and concentric groups. As for the lumen area, only the QCA densitometric method in the concentric group correlated with the lumen area determined by IVUS. Despite using QCA, it is almost impossible for angiography to determine the lumen area just after PTCA if an eccentric lesion with a tear or dissection had occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Takazawa
- Second Department of Medicine, Tokyo Medical College, Japan
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46
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Abstract
An enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) was developed based on the high affinity binding profile of HSPG to lipoprotein lipase (LPL). LPL was shown to bind to precoated HSPG in dose dependent manner and was determined spectrophotometrically using specific anti- LPL antibody. This ELISA allowed to evaluate HSPG produced by PC12 cell with clear linearity at range of 10 - 500 ng/ml. Soluble chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG) from rat brain, which was not detectable by this method, did not exhibit any inhibitory effects on affinity binding of HSPG to LPL, even if 8 times higher concentrations of CSPG to HSPG was added. The sensitivity of this ELISA was about 100 times higher than that of conventional carbazole reaction method. These findings indicated its potential usefulness of this method for measuring small amounts of HSPG capable of binding to LPL and for studying biological implications of HSPG - LPL interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Okamoto
- School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Shikata-cho, Japan
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Ito S, Ishimaru M, Hobo S, Fujinaga T. Measurement of extravascular lung water by the double indicator dilution method using heat and sodium in horses under general anesthesia. J Vet Med Sci 1996; 58:1205-9. [PMID: 8996703 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.58.12_1205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid infusion is believed to be harmful to the lung, however, the pathological status of pulmonary edema resulting from excessive fluid therapy in horses has not been clarified because the quantitative diagnosis of pulmonary edema is impossible. To evaluate the precision of the double indicator dilution method using heat and sodium in horses, which allows the quantitative diagnosis of pulmonary edema, we compared extravascular lung water volume measured using a lung water computer based on the theory of the double indicator dilution method with that determined by the direct method. The value of extravascular thermal volume (ETV) determined by the double indicator dilution method was 7.82 +/- 0.62 ml/kg and the detection ratio of ETV to the value of pulmonary extravascular water volume (PEWV) by the direct method was 0.996 +/- 0.038. There was a significant correlation between ETV and PEWV (P < 0.05), and the regression line was Y = 1.23 X - 1.73 with a correlation coefficient of 0.953. The value of extravascular lung water determined by the double indicator dilution method was significantly consistent with that obtained by the direct method, indicating the high precision of the double indicator dilution method in normal horse lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ito
- Ritto Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Shiga, Japan
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Abstract
To elucidate the expression of TH mRNA in MAP-induced behavioral sensitization, rats were daily injected with MAP (5 mg/kg i.p.) or saline for 14 days. Progressive enhancement was observed in MAP-induced stereotyped behavior. After 7 days of discontinuation of MAP treatment, the rats were decapitated and the brains were prepared for either in situ hybridization or Northern blot hybridization. In situ hybridization revealed that the signals of TH mRNA were localized to the dopaminergic perikarya of substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area in the midbrain, and Northern blot analysis showed that the levels of TH mRNA in these areas decreased by 37% compared to that in the saline-treated controls. These findings indicate that MAP-induced dopaminergic hyperactivity is not associated with enhanced expression of TH gene mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Fukamauchi
- Department of Molecular Medical Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
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Ishimaru M, Matsumura S, Kuwano N, Oki K. Microstructure of CuAu-I-type ordered phase in III-V semiconductor alloys grown on a (001) substrate. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1996; 54:10814-10819. [PMID: 9984877 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.10814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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50
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Nagase H, Ogino K, Yoshida I, Matsuda H, Yoshida M, Nakamura H, Dan S, Ishimaru M. Family history-related risk of gastric cancer in Japan: a hospital-based case-control study. Jpn J Cancer Res 1996; 87:1025-8. [PMID: 8957058 PMCID: PMC5920991 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.1996.tb03104.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In Japan, there have been a few reports on the familiar factors of gastric cancer (GC) and on the GC risk related to family history (FH) at other cancer sites. We analyzed the association between GC occurrence and a positive FH of cancer of the stomach and of other sites in a hospital-based case-control study. The subjects included cases histologically confirmed as incident cancer of the stomach (n = 136; 86 male and 50 female patients) and sex and age (+/- 1 year)-matched controls. GC risk was high when a subject had a parental history of GC [Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio adjusted for sex and age (OR)=2.3; 95% confidence interval (95% CI):1.1-5.0]. GC risk was almost unity for a cancer FH of any other cancer site, even among closer relatives, suggesting little or no contribution to GC occurrence. The familial occurrence of GC found in this study suggests the existence of a genetic susceptibility to cancer of the stomach. Further, females tended to show higher GC risks than males, when reporting an affected mother (OR=6.0; 95% CI:1.1-31.4 and OR= 1.4; 95% CI:0.4-4.8, respectively), whereas males showed a slightly higher risk than females when reporting an affected father (OR=2.4; 95% CI:0.8-7.5 and OR=2.3; 95% CI:0.4-15.6, respectively). This suggests a possible gender difference in how environmental factors influence GC occurrence. The development of gastric tumors seems to be due to a complex and unknown interaction between environmental and genetic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Nagase
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kanazawa University, Japan
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