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Nahm SS, Lee K, Chun MS, Kang J, Kim S, Jeong SM, Chung JY, Ryu PD. Establishing veterinary graduation competencies and its impact on veterinary medical education in Korea. J Vet Sci 2023; 24:e41. [PMID: 37271509 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.22258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Competencies are defined as an observable and assessable set of knowledge, skills, and attitudes. Graduation competencies, which are more comprehensive, refer to the required abilities of students to perform on-site work immediately after graduation. As graduation competencies set the goal of education, various countries and institutions have introduced them for new veterinary graduates. The Korean Association of Veterinary Medical Colleges has recently established such competencies to standardize veterinary education and enhance quality levels thereof. The purpose of this study is to describe the process of establishing graduation competencies as well as their implication for veterinary education in Korea. Graduation competencies for veterinary education in Korea comprise 5 domains (animal health care and disease management, one health expertise, communication and collaboration, research and learning, and veterinary professionalism). These are further divided into 11 core competencies, and 33 achievement standards, which were carefully chosen from previous case analyses and nation-wide surveys. Currently, graduation competencies are used as a standard for setting clear educational purposes for both instructors and students. Establishing these competencies further initiated the development of detailed learning outcomes, and of a list of basic veterinary clinical performances and skills, which is useful for assessing knowledge and skills. The establishment of graduation competencies is expected to contribute to the continuous development of Korean veterinary education in many ways. These include curriculum standardization and licensing examination reform, which will eventually improve the competencies of new veterinary graduates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Soep Nahm
- Council on Education, Korean Association of Veterinary Medical Colleges, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Departement of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Kichang Lee
- Council on Education, Korean Association of Veterinary Medical Colleges, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Departement of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
| | - Myung Sun Chun
- Council on Education, Korean Association of Veterinary Medical Colleges, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Veterinary Humanities and Social Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jongil Kang
- Council on Education, Korean Association of Veterinary Medical Colleges, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Choonghyun Animal Hospital, Seoul 06122, Korea
| | - Seungjoon Kim
- Council on Education, Korean Association of Veterinary Medical Colleges, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Veterinary Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Seong Mok Jeong
- Council on Education, Korean Association of Veterinary Medical Colleges, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jin Young Chung
- Council on Education, Korean Association of Veterinary Medical Colleges, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Pan Dong Ryu
- Council on Education, Korean Association of Veterinary Medical Colleges, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Veterinary Humanities and Social Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Chung JW, Kim HR, Kim DK, Chun MS, Kim YH, Park SI, Kim SR, Lee DH. Long-term results of thoracoscopic thymectomy for thymoma without myasthenia gravis. J Int Med Res 2013. [PMID: 23206481 DOI: 10.1177/030006051204000539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the feasibility and safety of thoracoscopic thymectomy with conventional sternotomy thymectomy for thymoma without myasthenia gravis. METHODS Data from 70 patients diagnosed with thymoma, who underwent thoracoscopic thymectomy (n = 25, Group T) or sternotomy thymectomy (n = 45, Group S) between March 2002 and March 2008, were retrospectively evaluated. RESULTS Mean follow-up durations were 78.0 ± 21.9 months and 70.0 ± 23.6 months in Groups T and S, respectively. No deaths occurred in Group T; seven deaths occurred in Group S, all > 1 month post follow-up. Durations of chest intubation and hospitalization were significantly shorter in Group T than in Group S. No significant between-group difference in the incidence of operative complications was observed. Tumour recurrence-free rates at 5 and 7 years postsurgery were 96% (both years) in Group T and 95% (both years) in Group S. CONCLUSIONS Long-term follow-up indicates that thoracoscopic thymectomy for thymoma without myasthenia gravis is effective and is well tolerated, and associated with low rates of operative complications and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Chung
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Centre, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Yi SS, Hwang IK, Chun MS, Kim YN, Kim IY, Lee IS, Seong JK, Yoon YS. Glucocorticoid receptor changes associate with age in the paraventricular nucleus of type II diabetic rat model. Neurochem Res 2008; 34:851-8. [PMID: 18758953 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-008-9836-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2008] [Accepted: 08/12/2008] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that is associated with the dysregulation of a number of systems within the body. In the present study, we investigated glucocorticoid receptor (GR) immunoreactivity and its protein levels in the paraventricular nuclei of 4-, 12-, 20- and 30-week-old Zucker diabetic fatty (fa/fa, ZDF) and in Zucker lean control (fa/+ or +/+, ZLC) rats, because the progressive induction of diabetes is detectable in this model after 7 weeks of age and chronic diabetic conditions are maintained after 12 weeks of age. GR immunoreactivity was detected in parvocellular paraventricular nuclei and this and GR protein levels were exponentially increased according to the ages. In particular, GR immunoreactivities and protein levels were markedly more increased in 30-week-old ZDF rats than in age-matched ZLC group and in younger ZDF group. The present study suggests that GR immunoreactivity and its protein level is associated with a degenerative phenotype in the hypothalamus of from 12-weeks old in the ZDF rat type II diabetes model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Shin Yi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Program for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Seok HS, Baek MW, Lee HY, Kim DJ, Chun MS, Kim JS, Chang SO, Park JH. Increasing production in Korean shrimp farms with white-spot syndrome virus PCR-negative brood stock. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2007; 17:511-515. [PMID: 18050956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
White-spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is a devastating, infectious virus affecting shrimp. Although sensitive techniques involving PCR have been developed to assist farmers in screening shrimp (brood stock) for WSSV prior to stocking ponds, such practices have not yet been applied in Korea. Despite the rationality of implementing screening, there has been some doubt as to whether the stocking of WSSV-PCR-negative fry epidemiologically decreases white-spot disease outbreaks. Here, we report a retrospective analysis of data from shrimp farms in the western coast of Korea where WSSV-PCR-negative brood stocks were used to stock rearing ponds. A total of 366 shrimp from Heuksan Island were sampled for WSSV with PCR. Of the tested shrimp, 7.2% (28 brood stocks) were identified as WSSV positive; only WSSV-PCR-negative shrimp were used for brood stocks. Total unit production (final shrimp production/ the area of the ponds) was higher, at 1.96, in ponds where WSSV-PCR-negative shrimp were used, as compared with 1.02 in other ponds in Korea in 2004. This retrospective analysis of WSSV in Korea may be useful to the shrimp aquaculture industry, suggesting a testable hypothesis that may contribute to the eventual control of WSSV outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeok Seung Seok
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Kim HS, Cho YH, Kim JS, Oh YT, Kang HJ, Chun MS, Joh CW, Park CH, Park KB, Tahk SJ, Choi BW. Effect of transcatheter endovascular radiation with holmium-166 on neointimal formation after balloon injury in porcine coronary artery. J Nucl Cardiol 2000; 7:478-83. [PMID: 11083197 DOI: 10.1067/mnc.2000.107427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neointimal formation in response to arterial injury is a major contributing element in restenosis after coronary balloon angioplasty and stenting. Endovascular irradiation has been reported to be effective in reducing restenosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of beta-emitting holmium-166 for the inhibition of neointimal formation in porcine coronary artery. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 34 pigs weighing 25 to 30 kg underwent oversized balloon injury (balloon/artery ratio, 1.3:1.4) at the proximal portion of the left anterior descending and circumflex arteries. One artery was randomly assigned to receive radiation after injury. Ho-166 was left in the balloon within the delivery catheter for a period sufficient to deliver 9 Gy and 18 Gy to a depth of 1 mm from the surface of the balloon. Four weeks later, pigs were sacrificed and hearts were perfusion-fixed, followed by histopathologic analysis and planimetry for measurement of maximal intimal thickness, intimal area, and fracture length. The coronary segment of the pigs in the control group had neointimal area of 1.18+/-0.55 mm2; the pigs in the 9-Gy group had neointimal area of 0.68+/-0.40 mm2 (P<.05 vs. control); and the pigs in the 18-Gy group had neointimal area of 0.29+/-0.12 mm2 (P<.01 vs. control). The maximal intimal thickness in the 18-Gy group (0.14+/-0.11 mm) was significantly reduced compared with the maximal intimal thickness in the control group (0.48+/-0.13 mm) (P<.01). CONCLUSIONS Intracoronary radiation with liquid Ho-166 contained in a perfusion balloon catheter is feasible and effective in reducing neointimal formation after coronary overstretch injury in pigs. Therefore intracoronary irradiation on the injured segment may further reduce restenosis after balloon injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Kim
- Department of Cardiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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Abstract
Although radiologic findings in radiation-induced lung disease are well described in the literature, the influence exerted on these findings by different radiation methods is not well understood. Radiation treatment of non-small cell lung cancer varies depending on the location and extent of disease. Irradiation with oblique beam angles results in unusual distribution of radiation-induced lung disease. Small cell lung cancer is treated with irradiation concurrent with or following chemotherapy, and portal arrangements are controversial. In breast cancer, use of tangential beam portals may induce radiation pneumonitis or fibrosis at the peripheral lung anterolaterally. Use of supraclavicular portals may produce lesions in the lung apex that appear similar to pulmonary tuberculosis. In esophageal cancer, radiation portals with a 5-6-cm margin above and below the tumor are generally recommended, and computed tomography (CT) frequently demonstrates radiation-related lung damage adjacent to the mediastinum. In mediastinal tumors, the mantle field includes all the major lymph node regions above the diaphragm. Radiation pneumonitis varies from minimal to extremely marked change in the paramediastinal areas and in both apices. CT is more sensitive to radiation-induced lung disease than chest radiography and demonstrates related changes earlier. Furthermore, it more clearly depicts the precise distribution and pattern of disease. Familiarity with the imaging findings in radiation-induced lung disease produced by different radiation methods will help radiologists interpret abnormalities seen at chest radiography and CT in affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Park
- Department of Radiology, Ajou University Medical Center, Paldal, Suwon, South Korea
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Abayomi O, Chun MS, Kelly K. Cerebral calcification and learning disabilities following cranial irradiation for medulloblastoma. J Natl Med Assoc 1990; 82:833-6. [PMID: 2280428 PMCID: PMC2571524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Six children who received craniospinal irradiation for medulloblastoma when they were under 10 years of age developed learning disabilities. Four exhibited associated temporal lobe calcification on computerized tomography of the brain. The pathogenetic mechanisms of postirradiation cerebral calcification and learning disabilities in these children are discussed. We present the hypothesis that irradiation-induced vasculopathy results in hypoxia, most pronounced in the hippocampus. Hippocampal damage can manifest radiologically as calcifications and clinically as memory and learning disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Abayomi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Howard University, Washington, DC 20060
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