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Karimani A, Ramezani N, Afkhami Goli A, Nazem Shirazi MH, Nourani H, Jafari AM. Subchronic neurotoxicity of diazinon in albino mice: Impact of oxidative stress, AChE activity, and gene expression disturbances in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus on mood, spatial learning, and memory function. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:1280-1288. [PMID: 34277358 PMCID: PMC8261896 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Diazinon (DZN) with prominent neurotoxic effects perturbs CNS function via multiple mechanisms. This investigation intends to explore mood, spatial learning, and memory dysfunction, acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity, and neurodegeneration-related gene expression in the cortex and hippocampus regions of mice exposed to DZN for 63 consecutive days (subchronic exposure). Adult male albino mice were orally given sublethal DZN (DZNL = 0.1 mg/kg, DZNM = 1 mg/kg and DZNH = 10 mg/kg). All mice in the DZNH group died within 3 weeks postexposure. DZNL and DZNM caused body and brain weight loss (p < 0.05). Completing 9 weeks of DZN exposure, a marked decline in AChE activity and oxidative stress level was indicated in both brain regions (p < 0.05). Also, synaptophysin, vesicular acetylcholine transferase, and glutamate decarboxylase gene expressions were affected in both brain regions (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the present study revealed that DZN administration increased anxiety and depressive-like behaviors (p < 0.0001). Spatial learning and short- and long-memory were severely affected by DZNL and DZNM treatments (p < 0.0001). Taken together, subchronic exposure to low and medium doses of DZN can cause AChE inhibition, oxidative damage, and neurotransmitter disturbances in brain cells and induce neurodegeneration. These changes would impair mood, spatial learning, and memory function.
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Key Words
- AChE, acetylcholine esterase
- AD, Alzheimer’s disease
- Ach, acetylcholine
- COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2
- CX, cerebral cortex
- Cerebral cortex
- DZN, diazinon
- DZO, diazoxon
- Diazinon
- FRAP, ferric reducing antioxidant power
- FST, forced swim test
- GABA, ϒ-aminobutyric acid
- GAD65, glutamate decarboxylase 65
- HP, hippocampus
- Hippocampus
- LD50, lethal dose 50
- MB, marble burying test
- MDA, malondialdehyde
- MWM, Morris water maze test
- Memory
- NOAEL, no-observed-adverse-effect level
- Neurodegenerative diseases
- Ops, organophosphates
- PD, Parkinson’s disease
- RNS, reactive nitrogen species
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SEM, standard error of the mean
- SYP, synaptophysin
- Spatial learning
- VAChT, vesicular acetylcholine transferase
- qRT-PCR, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction
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Affiliation(s)
- Asieh Karimani
- Department of Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nasrin Ramezani
- Department of Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Afkhami Goli
- Department of Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Hosein Nourani
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Moghaddam Jafari
- Department of Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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Yuzbashi S, Mousazadeh M, Ramezani N, Sid Kalal H, Sabour B. Mesoporous zirconium–silica nanocomposite modified with heteropoly tungstophosphoric acid catalyst for ultra‐deep oxidative desulfurization. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Yuzbashi
- Department of ChemistryAmirkabir University of Technology Tehran 15875‐4413 Iran
| | - M.H. Mousazadeh
- Department of ChemistryAmirkabir University of Technology Tehran 15875‐4413 Iran
| | - N. Ramezani
- Department of ChemistryAmirkabir University of Technology Tehran 15875‐4413 Iran
| | - H. Sid Kalal
- Department of ChemistryAmirkabir University of Technology Tehran 15875‐4413 Iran
| | - B. Sabour
- Department of ChemistryAmirkabir University of Technology Tehran 15875‐4413 Iran
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Juya M, Ramezani N, Peyravi G. Study of drowning in fresh and salt water. J Inj Violence Res 2019. [PMCID: PMC7036150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Methods: Results: Conclusions: Keywords:
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Juya
- Disaster Risk Management Department, Deputy of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
,
Corresponding Author at:
Mohammadreza Juya: Sanabad Street, Disaster Risk Management Department, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Tel:+989155013440; (Juya M.)
| | - Nasrin Ramezani
- Disaster Risk Management Department, Deputy of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Golnaz Peyravi
- Disaster Risk Management Department, Deputy of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Ramezani N, Vanaky B, Shakeri N, Soltanian Z, Fakhari Rad F, Shams Z. Evaluation of Bcl-2 and Bax Expression in the Heart of Diabetic Rats after Four Weeks of High Intensity Interval Training. mljgoums 2019. [DOI: 10.29252/mlj.13.1.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Abdi A, Ramezani N, Amini M. FNDC5 Gene Expression and Irisin Protein Level of Visceral Fat Tissue after Eight Weeks of Resistance Training in Type 2 Diabetic Rats. J Ardabil Univ Med Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.29252/jarums.18.1.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Javedani M, Aerabsheybani H, Ramezani N, Aerabsheybani K. The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) in increasing infertile couples’ resilience and reducing anxiety, stress, and depression. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.14704/nq.2017.15.3.1088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Golfakhrabadi F, Shams Ardekani MR, Saeidnia S, Yousefbeyk F, Jamalifar H, Ramezani N, Akbarzadeh T, Khanavi M. Phytochemical analysis, antimicrobial, antioxidant activities and total phenols of Ferulago carduchorum in two vegetative stages (flower and fruit). Pak J Pharm Sci 2016; 29:623-628. [PMID: 27087085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Ferulago carduchorum (Apiaceae family) is an endemic plant of Iran. The crude extract and four fractions of aerial parts of F. carduchorum in two vegetative stages (flower and fruit) were studied for their total phenolic contents, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities using folin-ciocalteu assay, micro dilution method and DPPH assay, respectively. The results indicated that the best antioxidant activity was determined in flower crude extract (IC50=0.44 mg/mL). The flower ethyl acetate fraction (FLE) showed better antimicrobial and antifungal activities than other fractions. So, FLE was selected for phytochemical investigations, resulting in isolation of a flavonoid (hesperetin). Hesperetin showed antimicrobial activity. The results showed that the antimicrobial and antioxidant effects during the flowering are obviously more than the fruit season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Golfakhrabadi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Shams Ardekani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran / Department of Traditional Pharmacy, Faculty of Traditional Medicine and Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soodabeh Saeidnia
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Yousefbeyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hossein Jamalifar
- Department of Drug and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Ramezani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahmineh Akbarzadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Design & Development Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran / Department of Traditional Pharmacy, Faculty of Traditional Medicine and Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Khanavi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran / Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Seraj B, Ahmadi R, Ramezani N, Mashayekhi A, Ahmadi M. Oro-dental health status and salivary characteristics in children with chronic renal failure. J Dent (Tehran) 2011; 8:146-51. [PMID: 22457842 PMCID: PMC3260019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Children suffering from decreased renal function may demand unique considerations regarding special oral and dental conditions they are encountered to. It is mentioned that renal function deterioration may affect the hard or soft tissues of the mouth. Having knowledge about the high prevalence of dental defects, calculus, gingival hyperplasia, modified salivary composition and tissue responses to the dental plaque may aid the physician and the dentist to help nurture the patient with chronic renal failure through the crisis, with an aesthetically satisfying and functioning dentition.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Seraj
- Assistant Professor, Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - R. Ahmadi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - N. Ramezani
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - A. Mashayekhi
- Physician, Department of Immunology, University College London (UCL), Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - M. Ahmadi
- Postdoctoral Research Associate, Department of Immunology, University College London (UCL), Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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