1
|
Lackner S, Mahnert A, Moissl-Eichinger C, Madl T, Habisch H, Meier-Allard N, Kumpitsch C, Lahousen T, Kohlhammer-Dohr A, Mörkl S, Strobl H, Holasek S. Interindividual differences in aronia juice tolerability linked to gut microbiome and metabolome changes-secondary analysis of a randomized placebo-controlled parallel intervention trial. Microbiome 2024; 12:49. [PMID: 38461313 PMCID: PMC10924357 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-024-01774-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aronia melanocarpa is a berry rich in polyphenols known for health benefits. However, the bioavailability of polyphenols has been questioned, and the individual taste acceptance of the fruit with its specific flavor varies. We recently observed substantial differences in the tolerability of aronia juice among healthy females, with half of the individuals tolerating aronia juice without complaints. Given the importance of the gut microbiome in food digestion, we investigated in this secondary analysis of the randomized placebo-controlled parallel intervention study (ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT05432362) if aronia juice tolerability was associated with changes in intestinal microbiota and bacterial metabolites, seeking for potential mechanistic insights into the impact on aronia polyphenol tolerance and metabolic outcomes. RESULTS Forty females were enrolled for this 6-week trial, receiving either 100 ml natural aronia juice (verum, V) twice daily or a polyphenol-free placebo (P) with a similar nutritional profile, followed by a 6-week washout. Within V, individuals were categorized into those who tolerated the juice well (Vt) or reported complaints (Vc). The gut microbiome diversity, as analyzed by 16S rRNA gene-based next-generation sequencing, remained unaltered in Vc but changed significantly in Vt. A MICOM-based flux balance analysis revealed pronounced differences in the 40 most predictive metabolites post-intervention. In Vc carbon-dioxide, ammonium and nine O-glycans were predicted due to a shift in microbial composition, while in Vt six bile acids were the most likely microbiota-derived metabolites. NMR metabolomics of plasma confirmed increased lipoprotein subclasses (LDL, VLDL) post-intervention, reverting after wash out. Stool samples maintained a stable metabolic profile. CONCLUSION In linking aronia polyphenol tolerance to gut microbiota-derived metabolites, our study explores adaptive processes affecting lipoprotein profiles during high polyphenol ingestion in Vt and examines effects on mucosal gut health in response to intolerance to high polyphenol intake in Vc. Our results underpin the importance of individualized hormetic dosing for beneficial polyphenol effects, demonstrate dynamic gut microbiome responses to aronia juice, and emphasize personalized responses in polyphenol interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Lackner
- Division of Immunology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Alexander Mahnert
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Christine Moissl-Eichinger
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Tobias Madl
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Hansjörg Habisch
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Nathalie Meier-Allard
- Division of Immunology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Christina Kumpitsch
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Theresa Lahousen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 31, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Alexandra Kohlhammer-Dohr
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 31, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Sabrina Mörkl
- Division of Medical Psychology, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Auenbruggerplatz 3, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Herbert Strobl
- Division of Immunology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Sandra Holasek
- Division of Immunology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010, Graz, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Schnedl WJ, Meier-Allard N, Michaelis S, Lackner S, Enko D, Mangge H, Holasek SJ. Serum Diamine Oxidase Values, Indicating Histamine Intolerance, Influence Lactose Tolerance Breath Test Results. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102026. [PMID: 35631167 PMCID: PMC9146026 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactose intolerance (LIT) is one of the major causes of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) spectrum complaints. Differences in inadequate lactose digestion are described as various LIT phenotypes with basically unknown pathophysiology. In LIT patients, we retrospectively assessed the effect of histamine intolerance (HIT) on expiratory hydrogen (H2) during H2 lactose breath tests. In a retrospective evaluation of charts from 402 LIT patients, 200 patients were identified as having only LIT. The other 202 LIT patients were found to additionally have diamine oxidase (DAO) values of <10 U/mL, which indicates histamine intolerance (HIT). To identify HIT, standardized questionnaires, low serum DAO values and responses to a histamine-reduced diet were used. Patients were separated into three diagnostic groups according to the result of H2 breath tests: (1) LIT, with an H2 increase of >20 parts per million (ppm), but a blood glucose (BG) increase of >20 mg/dL, (2) LIT with an H2 increase of 20 ppm in combination with a BG increase of <20 mg/dL, and (3) LIT with an exhaled H2 increase of <20 ppm and BG increase of <20 mg/dL. Pairwise comparison with the Kruskal Wallis test was used to compare the areas under the curve (AUC) of LIT and LIT with HIT patients. Exhaled H2 values were significantly higher in H2 > 20 ppm and BG < 20 mg/dL patients with LIT and HIT (p = 0.007). This diagnostic group also showed a significant higher number of patients (p = 0.012) and a significant higher number of patients with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms during H2 breath tests (p < 0.001). Therefore, low serum DAO values, indicating HIT, influence results of lactose tolerance breath tests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang J. Schnedl
- Practice for General Internal Medicine, Dr. Theodor Körnerstrasse 19b, 8600 Bruck an der Mur, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-3612-55833; Fax: +43-3612-55833-22
| | - Nathalie Meier-Allard
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31a, 8010 Graz, Austria; (N.M.-A.); (S.L.); (S.J.H.)
| | - Simon Michaelis
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Medicine, Hospital Hochsteiermark, Vordernberger Straße 42, 8700 Leoben, Austria; (S.M.); (D.E.)
| | - Sonja Lackner
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31a, 8010 Graz, Austria; (N.M.-A.); (S.L.); (S.J.H.)
| | - Dietmar Enko
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Medicine, Hospital Hochsteiermark, Vordernberger Straße 42, 8700 Leoben, Austria; (S.M.); (D.E.)
- Clinical Institute of Medical, Chemical Laboratory Diagnosis, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 30, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Harald Mangge
- Clinical Institute of Medical, Chemical Laboratory Diagnosis, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 30, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Sandra J. Holasek
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31a, 8010 Graz, Austria; (N.M.-A.); (S.L.); (S.J.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Stadler JT, Lackner S, Mörkl S, Meier-Allard N, Scharnagl H, Rani A, Mangge H, Zelzer S, Holasek SJ, Marsche G. Anorexia Nervosa Is Associated with a Shift to Pro-Atherogenic Low-Density Lipoprotein Subclasses. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040895. [PMID: 35453644 PMCID: PMC9030549 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe eating disorder affecting primarily female adolescents and younger adults. The energy deprivation associated with AN has been shown to alter lipoprotein metabolism, which may affect cardiovascular risk. However, the mechanisms leading to alterations in the composition, structure, and function of lipoproteins in AN patients are not well-understood yet. Here, we investigated the lipid abnormalities associated with AN, particularly changes in the distribution, composition, metabolism, and function of lipoprotein subclasses. In this exploratory study, we analyzed serum samples of 18 women diagnosed with AN (BMI < 17.5 kg/m2) and 24 normal-weight women (BMI from 18.5−24.9 kg/m2). Using the Quantimetrix Lipoprint® system, we determined low-density lipoprotein (LDL) subclass distribution, including quantitative measurements of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subclass distribution. We quantified the most abundant apolipoproteins of HDL and assessed lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and cholesteryl-ester transfer protein (CETP) activities. In addition, anti-oxidative capacity of apoB-depleted serum and functional metrics of HDL, including cholesterol efflux capacity and paraoxonase activity were assessed. The atherogenic lipoprotein subclasses VLDL and small LDL particles were increased in AN. Levels of VLDL correlated significantly with CETP activity (rs = 0.432, p = 0.005). AN was accompanied by changes in the content of HDL-associated apolipoproteins involved in triglyceride catabolism, such as apolipoprotein C-II (+24%) and apoA-II (−27%), whereas HDL-associated cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides were not altered. Moreover, AN did not affect HDL subclass distribution, cholesterol efflux capacity, and paraoxonase activity. We observed a shift to more atherogenic lipoprotein subclasses in AN patients, whereas HDL functionality and subclass distribution were not altered. This finding underpins potential detrimental effects of AN on lipid metabolism and the cardiovascular system by increasing atherosclerotic risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia T. Stadler
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 4, 8010 Graz, Austria; (J.T.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Sonja Lackner
- Division of Immunology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 31a, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.L.); (N.M.-A.)
| | - Sabrina Mörkl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 31, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Nathalie Meier-Allard
- Division of Immunology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 31a, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.L.); (N.M.-A.)
| | - Hubert Scharnagl
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria; (H.S.); (H.M.); (S.Z.)
| | - Alankrita Rani
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 4, 8010 Graz, Austria; (J.T.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Harald Mangge
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria; (H.S.); (H.M.); (S.Z.)
| | - Sieglinde Zelzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria; (H.S.); (H.M.); (S.Z.)
| | - Sandra J. Holasek
- Division of Immunology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 31a, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.L.); (N.M.-A.)
- Correspondence: (S.J.H.); (G.M.); Tel.: +43-316-385-74128 (G.M.)
| | - Gunther Marsche
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 4, 8010 Graz, Austria; (J.T.S.); (A.R.)
- Correspondence: (S.J.H.); (G.M.); Tel.: +43-316-385-74128 (G.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bengesser SA, Hohenberger H, Tropper B, Dalkner N, Birner A, Fellendorf FT, Platzer M, Rieger A, Maget A, Hamm C, Queissner R, Pilz R, Bauer K, Lenger M, Mörkl S, Wagner-Skacel J, Kapfhammer HP, Meier-Allard N, Stracke A, Holasek SJ, Murphy L, Reininghaus EZ. Gene expression analysis of MAOA and the clock gene ARNTL in individuals with bipolar disorder compared to healthy controls. World J Biol Psychiatry 2022; 23:287-294. [PMID: 34468263 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2021.1973816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Circadian rhythms are associated with bipolar disorder (BD). This cross-sectional study aimed at investigating ARNTL and MAOA gene expression differences (1) between individuals with BD and controls, (2) between affective episodes, and (3) the relationship between ARNTL and MAOA expression. METHODS ARNTL and MAOA gene expression in peripheral mononuclear blood cells were analysed from fasting blood samples (BD n = 81, controls n = 54) with quantitative real-time PCR operating on TaqMan® assays (normalised to 18S RNA expression). ANCOVAs corrected for age, sex, body mass index, and medication was used to evaluate expression differences and correlation analyses for the relation between ARNTL and MAOA expression. RESULTS ARNTL gene expression differed between affective episodes (F(2,78) = 3.198, p = 0.047, Partial Eta2= 0.083), but not between BD and controls (n.s.). ARNTL and MAOA expression correlated positively in BD (r = 0.704, p < 0.001) and in controls (r = 0.932, p < 0.001). MAOA expression differed neither between BD and controls nor between affective episodes (n.s.). DISCUSSION Clock gene expression changes were observed in different affective states of BD. More precisely, ARNTL gene expression was significantly higher in euthymia than in depression. ARNTL and MAOA gene expression correlated significantly in BD and in controls, which emphasises the strong concatenation between circadian rhythms and neurotransmitter breakdown.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S A Bengesser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - H Hohenberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - B Tropper
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - N Dalkner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - A Birner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - F T Fellendorf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - M Platzer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - A Rieger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - A Maget
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - C Hamm
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - R Queissner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - R Pilz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - K Bauer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - M Lenger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - S Mörkl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - J Wagner-Skacel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - H P Kapfhammer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - N Meier-Allard
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Chair of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - A Stracke
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Chair of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - S J Holasek
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Chair of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - L Murphy
- CAMH Pharmacogenetic Research Clinic, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - E Z Reininghaus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Schnedl WJ, Meier-Allard N, Schenk M, Lackner S, Enko D, Mangge H, Holasek SJ. Helicobacter pylori infection and lactose intolerance increase expiratory hydrogen. EXCLI J 2022; 21:426-435. [PMID: 35368458 PMCID: PMC8971348 DOI: 10.17179/excli2021-4508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) may cause dyspepsia and/or unexplained functional nonspecific, gastrointestinal complaints of the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) spectrum. Hitherto, in H. pylori infected patients with symptoms of the IBS spectrum the occurrence of additional food intolerance/malabsorption is not evaluated. We used a retrospective analysis of charts from 548 patients who presented with gastrointestinal complaints of the irritable bowel syndrome spectrum. An enzyme-linked IgA immunosorbent assay or histologic evaluation of gastric mucosa were used to detect H. pylori infection. A hydrogen breath (H2) test was performed to evaluate fructose malabsorption (FM) and lactose intolerance (LIT). Serum diamine oxidase value of <10 U/ml and a response to a histamine-reduced diet was used to identify histamine intolerance (HIT). We found 293 patients infected with H. pylori, within these were 58 H. pylori patients with LIT, 23 H. pylori LIT patients with FM and 46 H. pylori LIT patients with HIT. Additionally, 13 H. pylori, lactose- and histamine intolerance patients also had FM. The Kruskal Wallis test and pairwise comparison were used to analyze differences of the area under the curve of expiratory hydrogen. In lactose H2 breath tests compared with LIT-only patients, LIT with H. pylori, LIT and H. pylori with HIT, LIT and H. pylori with FM showed significantly higher exhaled H2 levels (p=0.022). Pairwise comparison demonstrated H. pylori infected patients with LIT exhaled more H2 compared to LIT-only (p=0.029). H. pylori with lactose- and histamine intolerance, and H. pylori with lactose-, histamine intolerance and FM compared to H. pylori-only patients indicated a significantly higher occurrence of stomach pain during lactose H2 breath tests (p=0.012 and p=0.005, respectively). We demonstrate that LIT patients with high expiratory H2 levels in lactose breath tests may have H. pylori infection and possibly additional food intolerance/malabsorption. Subsequently, besides H. pylori eradication, a dietician is necessary for an individually tailored reduction- or exclusion diet of symptom triggering food components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang J. Schnedl
- Practice for General Internal Medicine, Dr. Theodor Körnerstrasse 19b, A-8600 Bruck/Mur, Austria,*To whom correspondence should be addressed: Wolfgang J. Schnedl, Practice for General Internal Medicine, Dr. Theodor Körnerstrasse 19b, A-8600 Bruck/Mur, Austria; Phone: +43-3612-55833, Fax: +43-3612-55833-22, E-mail:
| | - Nathalie Meier-Allard
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31a, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Schenk
- Das Kinderwunsch Institut Schenk GmbH, Am Sendergrund 11, A-8143 Dobl, Austria
| | - Sonja Lackner
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31a, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Dietmar Enko
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnosis, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 30, A-8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Mangge
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnosis, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 30, A-8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Sandra J. Holasek
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31a, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Greimel T, Jahnel J, Pohl S, Strini T, Tischitz M, Meier-Allard N, Holasek S, Meinel K, Aguiriano-Moser V, Zobel J, Haidl H, Gallistl S, Panzitt K, Wagner M, Schlagenhauf A. Bile acid-induced tissue factor activity in hepatocytes correlates with activation of farnesoid X receptor. J Transl Med 2021; 101:1394-1402. [PMID: 34145381 PMCID: PMC8440176 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-021-00628-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BA) have been found to promote coagulation by increasing tissue factor (TF) activity. The contribution of elevated BA levels and cholestasis to TF decryption within the liver parenchyma and the role of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in this process remain unclear. We investigated the effects of BA on TF activity and thrombin generation in hepatocytes and correlated these effects with activation of FXR-dependent signaling and apoptosis. HepG2 cells and primary hepatocytes were incubated with chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA), ursodeoxycholic acid (UCDA), or the synthetic FXR agonist GW4064 for 24 h. MTT tests demonstrated cell viability throughout experiments. TF activity was tested via factor Xa generation and thrombin generation was measured by calibrated automated thrombography. Increased TF activity alongside enhanced thrombin generation was observed with CDCA and GW4064 but not with GCDCA and UDCA. TF activity was substantially reduced when FXR activation was blocked with the antagonist DY 268. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed upregulation of FXR target genes only by CDCA and GW4064. Western blot analysis and fluorescence microscopy showed no TF overexpression arguing for TF decryption. Caspase 3 activity measurements and flow cytometric analysis of Annexin V binding showed no signs of apoptosis. Long-term exposure of hepatocytes to nontoxic BA may cause intracellular FXR overstimulation, triggering TF decryption irrespective of the amphiphilic properties of BA. The effect of BA on TF activation correlates with the molecule's ability to enter the cells and activate FXR. TF decryption occurs independently of apoptotic mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Greimel
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jörg Jahnel
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sina Pohl
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Tanja Strini
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Tischitz
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nathalie Meier-Allard
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sandra Holasek
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Katharina Meinel
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Victor Aguiriano-Moser
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Joachim Zobel
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Haidl
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Siegfried Gallistl
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Katrin Panzitt
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Wagner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Axel Schlagenhauf
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Stadler JT, Lackner S, Mörkl S, Trakaki A, Scharnagl H, Borenich A, Wonisch W, Mangge H, Zelzer S, Meier-Allard N, Holasek SJ, Marsche G. Obesity Affects HDL Metabolism, Composition and Subclass Distribution. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9030242. [PMID: 33673728 PMCID: PMC7997277 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9030242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity increases the risk of coronary heart disease, partly due to its strong association with atherogenic dyslipidemia, characterized by high triglycerides and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. Functional impairment of HDL may contribute to the increased cardiovascular mortality, but the effect of obesity on composition, structure, and function of HDL is not well understood. Design and Methods: We determined HDL composition, HDL subclass distribution, parameters of HDL function, and activities of most important enzymes involved in lipoprotein remodeling, including lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) in relatively young normal weight (n = 26), overweight (n = 22), and obese (n = 20) women. Results: Obesity (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30) was associated with noticeable changes in LCAT and CETP activities and altered HDL composition, such as decreased apolipoprotein A-I, cholesterol, and phospholipid content, while pro-inflammatory HDL serum amyloid a content was increased. We observed a marked shift towards smaller HDL subclasses in obesity linked to lower anti-oxidative capacity of serum. LCAT activity, HDL subclass distribution, and HDL-cholesterol were associated with soluble leptin receptor, adiponectin, and liver enzyme activities. Of note, most of these alterations were only seen in obese women but not in overweight women. Conclusions: Obesity markedly affects HDL metabolism, composition, and subclass distribution linked to changes in liver and adipose tissue. HDL dysfunction may contribute to increased cardiovascular risk in obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia T. Stadler
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 4, 8010 Graz, Austria; (J.T.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Sonja Lackner
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 31a, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.L.); (N.M.-A.)
| | - Sabrina Mörkl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 31, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Athina Trakaki
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 4, 8010 Graz, Austria; (J.T.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Hubert Scharnagl
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria; (H.S.); (H.M.); (S.Z.)
| | - Andrea Borenich
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 2, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Willibald Wonisch
- Division of Physiological Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Harald Mangge
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria; (H.S.); (H.M.); (S.Z.)
| | - Sieglinde Zelzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria; (H.S.); (H.M.); (S.Z.)
| | - Nathalie Meier-Allard
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 31a, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.L.); (N.M.-A.)
| | - Sandra J. Holasek
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 31a, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.L.); (N.M.-A.)
- Correspondence: (S.J.H.); (G.M.); Tel.: +43-316-385-741-28 (G.M.)
| | - Gunther Marsche
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 4, 8010 Graz, Austria; (J.T.S.); (A.T.)
- BioTechMed Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Correspondence: (S.J.H.); (G.M.); Tel.: +43-316-385-741-28 (G.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lackner S, Meier-Allard N, Mörkl S, Müller W, Fürhapter-Rieger A, Mangge H, Zelzer S, Holasek S. Hypercarotenemia in Anorexia Nervosa Patients May Influence Weight Balance: Results of a Clinical Cross-Sectional Cohort Study. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:758300. [PMID: 34992554 PMCID: PMC8725815 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.758300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Anorexia nervosa (AN) can co-occur with hypercarotenemia, a clinical condition characterized by elevated β-carotene in plasma and skin tissue. Carotenoids have known anti-obesogenic effects in adipocyte biology. Thus, carotenoids may potentially play a retarding role in weight gain during the recovery of AN patients. This study evaluated the plasma carotenoid profile and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in a cohort of AN patients and normal weight (NW) controls. Methods: Plasma concentrations of α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, and lycopene were determined by HPLC analysis. SAT thicknesses were measured by a highly accurate and reliable ultrasound technique. Information on dietary intakes were collected by repeated 24-h recalls. Results: Sixty-two females (AN: n = 18, NW: n = 44) were included. The concentrations of β-cryptoxanthin (p = 0.045) and lycopene (p = 0.004) were significantly lower in AN patients. β-carotene levels were higher in AN patients (n.s.) and α-carotene did not differ significantly. SAT thickness was significantly lower in AN patients compared to controls (p < 0.001). β-carotene was significantly negative (r s = -0.471) and lycopene significantly positive (r s = 0.366) correlated with SAT. The correlation of β-carotene and SAT was even higher in the AN group alone (r s = -0.742). Also, β- cryptoxanthin and the sum of provitamin A carotenoids were correlated to SAT (r s = -0.647 and r s = -0.746, respectively) in AN patients. Fruits and vegetable intake did not differ significantly between AN and NW but adjusted for SAT, AN patients consumed relatively higher amounts (p = 0.006). Conclusion: Higher plasma β-carotene concentrations were associated with reduced SAT levels, most probably due to a reduced ability of the remaining adipose tissue to store carotenoids. Thus, the antiobesity effects of carotenoids might impact the treatment success of undernutrition and AN. A systemic carotenoid overload may contribute to changes in adipogenesis and metabolic capacities for energy storage. Therefore, high plasma β-carotene may be a marker of delay in weight recovery in AN patients. Interventional studies should consider including carotenoid-status in AN treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Lackner
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nathalie Meier-Allard
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sabrina Mörkl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfram Müller
- Division of Biophysics, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Alfred Fürhapter-Rieger
- Division of Biophysics, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Mangge
- Clinical Institute for Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnosis, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sieglinde Zelzer
- Clinical Institute for Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnosis, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sandra Holasek
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Schnedl WJ, Meier-Allard N, Lackner S, Enko D, Mangge H, Holasek SJ. Increasing Expiratory Hydrogen in Lactose Intolerance Is Associated with Additional Food Intolerance/Malabsorption. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3690. [PMID: 33265924 PMCID: PMC7761160 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Single and/or combined food intolerance/malabsorption may cause nonspecific, functional gastrointestinal (GI) complaints. In lactose-intolerant patients we evaluated the influence of additional food intolerance/malabsorption with hydrogen (H2) breath tests. In a retrospective analysis of charts from 279 lactose-intolerant patients, we found 128 patients with only lactose intolerance (LIT). Then, we identified 106 LIT patients with additional histamine intolerance (HIT). Additionally, 45 LIT and HIT patients also had fructose malabsorption (FM). A hydrogen (H2) breath test was performed to evaluate LIT and FM. A serum diamine oxidase value of <10 U/mL and a response to a histamine-reduced diet was used to identify HIT. Using pairwise comparison with the Kruskal-Wallis test to associate the area under the curve (AUC) of LIT patients and, LIT with HIT, to LIT with HIT and FM it was found, that the exhaled hydrogen values were significantly higher in patients with two-fold and triple combined food intolerance/malabsorption (p < 0.004 and p < 0.001, respectively). Within the pool of 170 LIT patients with >20 ppm increase of expiratory H2 from baseline, there were 74 LIT-only patients, 60 LIT with HIT patients, and 36 LIT patients with additional HIT and FM. With the Kruskal-Wallis test AUCs demonstrated a significant difference between all three groups (p = 0.024). In patients with LIT, the presence of additional food intolerance/malabsorption, significantly increases expiratory H2 values. We demonstrate evidence, which may suggest HIT to embody an own GI disorder as food intolerance/malabsorption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang J. Schnedl
- General Internal Medicine Practice, Theodor Körnerstrasse 19b, A-8600 Bruck, Austria
| | - Nathalie Meier-Allard
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31a, A-8010 Graz, Austria; (N.M.-A.); (S.L.); (S.J.H.)
| | - Sonja Lackner
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31a, A-8010 Graz, Austria; (N.M.-A.); (S.L.); (S.J.H.)
| | - Dietmar Enko
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnosis, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 30, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (D.E.); (H.M.)
| | - Harald Mangge
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnosis, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 30, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (D.E.); (H.M.)
| | - Sandra J. Holasek
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31a, A-8010 Graz, Austria; (N.M.-A.); (S.L.); (S.J.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dams S, Holasek S, Tsiountsioura M, Edelsbrunner M, Dietz P, Koefeler H, Malliga DE, Gürbüz A, Meier-Allard N, Poncza B, Lackner S, Schwarzenberger E, Jansenberger Y, Lamprecht M. Effects of a plant-based fatty acid supplement and a powdered fruit, vegetable and berry juice concentrate on omega-3-indices and serum micronutrient concentrations in healthy subjects. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2020; 71:769-780. [PMID: 32064970 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2020.1725960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The major aim of this controlled, randomised, open-labelled, parallel-grouped, clinical trial was to investigate whether supplementation with different dosages of omega-3 fatty acids (0.5 g/d and 1 g/d) from a plant-based fatty acid supplement affected omega-3-indices (O3I) in well-nourished, healthy people. In addition, the combined ingestion of the plant-based fatty acid supplement, together with an encapsulated fruit, vegetable and berry (FVB) juice powder concentrate, was applied in order to observe the absorption of certain micronutrients and to examine some aspects related to the safe consumption of the products. The data demonstrate that the intake of only 0.5 g/day of omega-3 fatty acids from of a vegan supplement was able to increase the O3I significantly after 8 and 16 weeks. The combined ingestion with the FVB supplement concurrently increased serum concentrations of specific vitamins and carotenoids without effects on hepatic, kidney and thyroid function or changes in blood lipids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Dams
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Green Beat - Institute of Nutrient Research and Sport Nutrition, Graz, Austria
| | - Sandra Holasek
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Melina Tsiountsioura
- Green Beat - Institute of Nutrient Research and Sport Nutrition, Graz, Austria.,The Juice Plus+® Science Institute, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Martin Edelsbrunner
- Green Beat - Institute of Nutrient Research and Sport Nutrition, Graz, Austria.,Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Pavel Dietz
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Centre, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Harald Koefeler
- Core Facility Mass Spectrometry, ZMF, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Daniela-Eugenia Malliga
- Green Beat - Institute of Nutrient Research and Sport Nutrition, Graz, Austria.,Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ayse Gürbüz
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nathalie Meier-Allard
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Brigitte Poncza
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sonja Lackner
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Elke Schwarzenberger
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Yvonne Jansenberger
- Green Beat - Institute of Nutrient Research and Sport Nutrition, Graz, Austria
| | - Manfred Lamprecht
- Green Beat - Institute of Nutrient Research and Sport Nutrition, Graz, Austria.,The Juice Plus+® Science Institute, Memphis, TN, USA.,Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Physiological Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dams S, Holasek S, Tsiountsioura M, Malliga DE, Meier-Allard N, Poncza B, Lackner S, Jansenberger Y, Lamprecht M. An encapsulated fruit, vegetable and berry juice powder concentrate increases plasma values of specific carotenoids and vitamins. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2019; 91:77-86. [PMID: 31726948 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Vitamins and carotenoids are organic compounds that are important for vital functions of the human organism. Since the human body is not able to synthesize most of these micronutrients, they need to be supplied by the intake of food or supplements. The aim of this study was to analyze whether a whole food based, encapsulated fruit, berry, and vegetable juice powder concentrate provides bioavailable carotenoids and vitamins A (all-trans retinol), E and C. Eighteen healthy subjects received 6 capsules a day for 8 weeks, which provided 2.91 mg β-carotene, 490 μg vitamin A, 18.7 mg vitamin E, 159 mg vitamin C, 6.1 mg lutein and 1 mg lycopene. Plasma concentrations of several carotenoids and vitamins before and after supplementation were measured. After 8 weeks of supplementation, the plasma concentration of the following carotenoids increased significantly: α-carotene increased from 59.6 ± 22.4 nmol/L to 85.7 ± 24.2 nmol/L (p = 0.002), β-cryptoxanthin from 106.7 ± 39.8 nmol/L to 151.9 ± 57.9 nmol/L (p = 0.017), and lycopene from 1.2 ± 0.5 μmol/L to 1.7 ± 0.5 μmol/L (p = 0.005). Significant increases were also observed for plasma concentrations of vitamin C from 70 ± 20 μmol/L to 90 ± 10 μmol/L (p < 0.001), all-trans retinol from 1.99 ± 0.24 μmol/L to 2.30 ± 0.66 μmol/L (p = 0.015), and α-tocopherol from 27 ± 6 μmol/L to 32 ± 6 μmol/L (p = 0.008). For those micronutrients with accepted plasma reference ranges, all observed increases levelled off around the upper limit of the individual reference range. The data demonstrate that the investigated supplement is able to increase plasma concentrations of certain carotenoids and vitamins of healthy subjects within 8 weeks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Dams
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Green Beat - Institute of Nutrient Research and Sport Nutrition, Graz, Austria
| | - Sandra Holasek
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Melina Tsiountsioura
- Green Beat - Institute of Nutrient Research and Sport Nutrition, Graz, Austria.,The Juice Plus+® Science Institute, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Daniela-Eugenia Malliga
- Green Beat - Institute of Nutrient Research and Sport Nutrition, Graz, Austria.,Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nathalie Meier-Allard
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Brigitte Poncza
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sonja Lackner
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Yvonne Jansenberger
- Green Beat - Institute of Nutrient Research and Sport Nutrition, Graz, Austria
| | - Manfred Lamprecht
- Green Beat - Institute of Nutrient Research and Sport Nutrition, Graz, Austria.,The Juice Plus+ Science Institute, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Physiological Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fuchs R, Stracke A, Holzmann V, Luschin-Ebengreuth G, Meier-Allard N, Ebner N, Lassacher TM, Absenger-Novak M, Fröhlich E, Schittmayer M, Cano Crespo S, Palacin M, Rinner B, Birner-Gruenberger R. Prazosin induced lysosomal tubulation interferes with cytokinesis and the endocytic sorting of the tumour antigen CD98hc. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2018; 1865:1211-1229. [PMID: 29909287 PMCID: PMC6070144 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The quinazoline based drug prazosin (PRZ) is a potent inducer of apoptosis in human cancer cells. We recently reported that PRZ enters cells via endocytosis and induces tubulation of the endolysosomal system. In a proteomics approach aimed at identifying potential membrane proteins with binding affinity to quinazolines, we detected the oncoprotein CD98hc. We confirmed shuttling of CD98hc towards lysosomes and upregulation of CD98hc expression in PRZ treated cells. Gene knockout (KO) experiments revealed that endocytosis of PRZ still occurs in the absence of CD98hc - suggesting that PRZ does not enter the cell via CD98hc but misroutes the protein towards tubular lysosomes. Lysosomal tubulation interfered with completion of cytokinesis and provoked endoreplication. CD98hc KO cells showed reduced endoreplication capacity and lower sensitivity towards PRZ induced apoptosis than wild type cells. Thus, loss of CD98hc does not affect endocytosis of PRZ and lysosomal tubulation, but the ability for endoreplication and survival of cells. Furthermore, we found that glutamine, lysomototropic agents - namely chloroquine and NH4Cl - as well as inhibition of v-ATPase, interfere with the intracellular transport of CD98hc. In summary, our study further emphasizes lysosomes as target organelles to inhibit proliferation and to induce cell death in cancer. Most importantly, we demonstrate for the first time that the intracellular trafficking of CD98hc can be modulated by small molecules. Since CD98hc is considered as a potential drug target in several types of human malignancies, our study possesses translational significance suggesting, that old drugs are able to act on a novel target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Fuchs
- Chair of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 31, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Anika Stracke
- Chair of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 31, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Viktoria Holzmann
- Chair of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 31, 8010 Graz, Austria; FH JOANNEUM - University of Applied Sciences, Alte Poststraße 149, 8020 Graz, Austria
| | - Gerfried Luschin-Ebengreuth
- Chair of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 31, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Nathalie Meier-Allard
- Chair of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 31, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Nadine Ebner
- Chair of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 31, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Teresa Maria Lassacher
- Chair of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 31, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Markus Absenger-Novak
- Centre for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstrasse 24, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Eleonore Fröhlich
- Centre for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstrasse 24, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Matthias Schittmayer
- Research Unit Functional Proteomics and Metabolic Pathways, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 25, 8036 Graz, Austria; Omics Center Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Stiftingtalstrasse 24, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Sara Cano Crespo
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB-Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, and CIBERER, Parc Científic de Barcelona. Baldiri I Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Palacin
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB-Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, and CIBERER, Parc Científic de Barcelona. Baldiri I Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beate Rinner
- Biomedical Research, Medical University of Graz, Roseggerweg 48, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Ruth Birner-Gruenberger
- Research Unit Functional Proteomics and Metabolic Pathways, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 25, 8036 Graz, Austria; Omics Center Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Stiftingtalstrasse 24, 8010 Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bengesser SA, Reininghaus EZ, Dalkner N, Birner A, Hohenberger H, Queissner R, Fellendorf F, Platzer M, Pilz R, Hamm C, Rieger A, Kapfhammer HP, Mangge H, Reininghaus B, Meier-Allard N, Stracke A, Fuchs R, Holasek S. Endoplasmic reticulum stress in bipolar disorder? - BiP and CHOP gene expression- and XBP1 splicing analysis in peripheral blood. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018; 95:113-119. [PMID: 29843019 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoplasmic Reticulum stress activates the Unfolded Protein Response, which is partially impaired in Bipolar Disorder (BD) according to previous in-vitro studies. Thus, BiP and CHOP gene expression and XBP1 splicing were analyzed in peripheral blood of study participants with BD and controls. METHODS RNA was isolated from fasting blood of study participants with BD (n = 81) and controls (n = 54) and reverse transcribed into cDNA. BiP and CHOP gene expression was analyzed with quantitative RT-PCR. Atypical splicing of XBP1 mRNA was measured by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, gel-electrophoresis and densitometry. ANCOVAs with the covariates age, BMI, sex, lithium and anticonvulsants intake were used with SPSS. Bonferroni correction was used to correct for multiple testing (adjusted p = 0.0083). RESULTS BiP gene expression was significantly higher in BD than in controls (F(1/128) = 10.076, p = 0.002, Partial η2 = 0.073). Total XBP1 (F(1/126) = 9.550, p = 0.002, Partial η2 = 0.070) and unspliced XBP1 (F(1/128)= 8.803, p= 0.004, Patial η2 = 0.065) were significantly decreased in BD. Spliced XBP1 (F(1/126) = 5.848, p = 0.017, Partial η2 = 0.044) and the ratio spliced XBP1/ unspliced XBP1 did not differ between BD and controls (F(1/126) = 0.599, p = 0.441, Partial η2 = 0.005). Gene expression did not differ between euthymia, depression and mania. DISCUSSION BiP gene expression was significantly higher in BD compared to controls. Total and unspliced XBP1 were significantly lower in BD than in the control group. Thus, both genes may be considered as putative trait markers. Nevertheless, XBP1 splicing itself did not differ between both groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne A Bengesser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 31, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Eva Z Reininghaus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 31, 8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Nina Dalkner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 31, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Armin Birner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 31, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Helena Hohenberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 31, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Robert Queissner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 31, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Frederike Fellendorf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 31, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Martina Platzer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 31, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Rene Pilz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 31, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Carlo Hamm
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 31, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Alexandra Rieger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 31, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Hans-Peter Kapfhammer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 31, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Mangge
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnosis, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Nathalie Meier-Allard
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31A, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Anika Stracke
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31A, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Robert Fuchs
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31A, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Sandra Holasek
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31A, 8010 Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bengesser SA, Fuchs R, Lackner N, Birner A, Reininghaus B, Meier-Allard N, Stracke A, Kapfhammer HP, Reininghaus EZ, Wallner-Liebmann S. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Bipolar Disorder - Almost Forgotten Therapeutic Drug Targets in the Unfolded Protein Response Pathway Revisited. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2016; 15:403-13. [PMID: 26996177 DOI: 10.2174/1871527315666160321104613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bipolar Disorder (BD) is characterized by recurring mood swings, which are not completely understood yet. So far, it is an accepted theory that multiple factors contribute to pathogenesis of BD according to the vulnerability-stressmodel. This model combines on the one hand biological predisposing vulnerability, and on the other hand several chronic and acute stressful negative events as underlying mechanisms of BD. Recently, ER (Endoplasmic Reticulum) stress reached the spotlight of BD research again. The expression of the chaperone BiP (syn. GRP78/glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa), which is highly expressed in the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), is upregulated by different kinds of mood stabilizers. These results implied that the ER, an organelle which is prone towards different kinds of cellular stress, might be involved in the pathophysiology of BD. This hypothesis was further strengthened by hypothesis driven genetic association studies, which showed significant association of BiP promotor polymorphisms with BD. Also other ER-stress associated genes like XBP1 (X-box binding protein 1) or GRP94 (glucose-regulated protein, 94kDa, synonym for heat shock protein HSP90B1) were recently linked to BD in hypothesis driven gene association studies. In addition to the proteins mentioned before, our review focuses on further UPR (Unfolded Protein Response) related proteins associated with BD and raises the hypothesis that ER-stress may represent a common interface between BD and obesity which is overrepresented in BD patients. Finally, members of the UPR pathway are discussed as putative targets for mood stabilizers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Eva Z Reininghaus
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 31, A-8036 Graz, Austria.
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Fuchs R, Schwach G, Stracke A, Meier-Allard N, Absenger M, Ingolic E, Haas HS, Pfragner R, Sadjak A. The anti-hypertensive drug prazosin induces apoptosis in the medullary thyroid carcinoma cell line TT. Anticancer Res 2015; 35:31-38. [PMID: 25550532 PMCID: PMC4290659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a tumor associated with poor prognosis since it exhibits high resistance against conventional cancer therapy. Recent studies have shown that quinazolines exhibit a pro-apoptotic effect on malignant cells. The aim of the present study was to elucidate whether MTC cells are affected by quinazolines, in particular prazosin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Proliferation, apoptosis and cell morphology of the MTC cell line TT were analyzed by WST-1 assay, caspase 3/7 activation tests and microscopy. Fibroblasts were used as control for non-malignant cells. RESULTS Prazosin potently inhibited the growth of TT cells, induced apoptosis and caused vacuolization, as well as needle-like filopodia. Fibroblasts were affected by prazosin in the same way as MTC cells. CONCLUSION MTC cells are responsive to prazosin treatment similar to other malignancies. The fact that fibroblasts also respond to prazosin further highlights the importance to identify the unknown pro-apoptotic target of quinazolines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Fuchs
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gert Schwach
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Anika Stracke
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nathalie Meier-Allard
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Markus Absenger
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Ingolic
- Research Institute for Electron Microscopy, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Helga Susanne Haas
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Roswitha Pfragner
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Anton Sadjak
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|