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Mensali N, Grenov A, Pati NB, Dillard P, Myhre MR, Gaudernack G, Kvalheim G, Inderberg EM, Bakke O, Wälchli S. Antigen-delivery through invariant chain (CD74) boosts CD8 and CD4 T cell immunity. Oncoimmunology 2019; 8:1558663. [PMID: 30723591 PMCID: PMC6350688 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1558663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Eradication of tumors by the immune system relies on the efficient activation of a T-cell response. For many years, the main focus of cancer immunotherapy has been on cytotoxic CD8 T-cell. However, stimulation of CD4 helper T cells is critical for the promotion and maintenance of immune memory, thus a good vaccine should evoke a two-dimensional T-cell response. The invariant chain (Ii) is required for the MHC class II heterodimer to be correctly guided through the cell, loaded with peptide, and expressed on the surface of antigen presenting cells (APC). We previously showed that by replacing the Ii CLIP peptide by an MHC-I cancer peptide, we could efficiently load MHC-I. This prompted us to test whether longer cancer peptides could be loaded on both MHC classes and whether such peptides could be accommodated in the CLIP region of Ii. We here present data showing that expanding the CLIP replacement size leads to T-cell activation. We demonstrate by using long peptides that APCs can present peptides from the same Ii molecule on both MHC-I and -II. In addition, we present evidence that antigen presentation after Ii-loading was superior to an ER-targeted minigene construct, suggesting that ER-localization was not sufficient to obtain efficient MHC-II loading. Finally, we verified that Ii-expressing dendritic cells could prime CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from a naïve population. Taken together our study demonstrates that CLIP peptide replaced Ii constructs fulfill some of the major requirements for an efficient vector for cancer vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Mensali
- Department of Cellular Therapy, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Amalie Grenov
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Niladri Bhusan Pati
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pierre Dillard
- Department of Cellular Therapy, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit Renée Myhre
- Department of Cellular Therapy, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gustav Gaudernack
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gunnar Kvalheim
- Department of Cellular Therapy, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Else Marit Inderberg
- Department of Cellular Therapy, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Oddmund Bakke
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sébastien Wälchli
- Department of Cellular Therapy, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
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Doijad S, Imirzalioglu C, Yao Y, Pati NB, Falgenhauer L, Hain T, Foesel BU, Abt B, Overmann J, Mirambo MM, Mshana SE, Chakraborty T. Enterobacter bugandensis sp. nov., isolated from neonatal blood. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2015; 66:968-974. [PMID: 26637818 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.000821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 17 Enterobacter-like isolates were obtained from blood during a septicaemia outbreak in a neonatal unit, Tanzania, that could not be assigned based on phenotypic test to any existing Enterobacter species. Eight representative outbreak isolates were investigated in detail. Fermentation characteristics, biochemical assays and fatty acid profiles for taxonomic analysis were determined and supplemented with information derived from whole genome sequences. Phenotypic and morphological tests revealed that these isolates were Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, highly motile and facultatively anaerobic. The fatty acid profile was similar to those of the type strains for all recognized Enterobacter species, with quantitative differences in C17 : 0, C18 : 1ω7c and C17 : 0 cyclo fatty acids. Whole genome sequencing was used to identify taxonomically relevant characteristics, i.e. for 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, multi-locus sequence analysis (MLSA), in silico DNA-DNA hybridization (isDDH) and average nucleotide identity (ANI). Draft genomes were approximately 4.9 Mb in size with a G+C content of 56.0 mol%. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of these eight isolates showed >97 % similarity to all Enterobacter species, while MLSA clustered them closely with the type strains of Enterobacter xiangfangensis and Enterobacter hormaechei. These eight strains showed less than 70 % isDDH identity with the type strains of Enterobacter species. In addition, less than 95 % ANI to the type strains of Enterobacter species was observed. From these results, it is concluded that these isolates possess sufficient characteristics to differentiate them from all recognized Enterobacter species, and should therefore be considered as representing a novel species. The name Enterobacter bugandensis sp. nov. is proposed with EB-247T ( = DSM 29888T = NCCB 100573T) as the type strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnil Doijad
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University, and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, Campus Giessen, Justus-Liebig University, Germany
| | - Can Imirzalioglu
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University, and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, Campus Giessen, Justus-Liebig University, Germany
| | - Yancheng Yao
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University, and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, Campus Giessen, Justus-Liebig University, Germany
| | - Niladri Bhusan Pati
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University, and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, Campus Giessen, Justus-Liebig University, Germany
| | - Linda Falgenhauer
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University, and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, Campus Giessen, Justus-Liebig University, Germany
| | - Torsten Hain
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University, and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, Campus Giessen, Justus-Liebig University, Germany
| | - Bärbel U Foesel
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, and German Centre of Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Birte Abt
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, and German Centre of Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jörg Overmann
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, and German Centre of Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Mariam M Mirambo
- Department of Microbiology, Weill Bugando School of Medicine, PO Box 1464, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Stephen E Mshana
- Department of Microbiology, Weill Bugando School of Medicine, PO Box 1464, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Trinad Chakraborty
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University, and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, Campus Giessen, Justus-Liebig University, Germany
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Ryan D, Pati NB, Ojha UK, Padhi C, Ray S, Jaiswal S, Singh GP, Mannala GK, Schultze T, Chakraborty T, Suar M. Global transcriptome and mutagenic analyses of the acid tolerance response of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Appl Environ Microbiol 2015; 81:8054-65. [PMID: 26386064 PMCID: PMC4651094 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02172-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) is one of the leading causative agents of food-borne bacterial gastroenteritis. Swift invasion through the intestinal tract and successful establishment in systemic organs are associated with the adaptability of S. Typhimurium to different stress environments. Low-pH stress serves as one of the first lines of defense in mammalian hosts, which S. Typhimurium must efficiently overcome to establish an infection. Therefore, a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the adaptability of S. Typhimurium to acid stress is highly relevant. In this study, we have performed a transcriptome analysis of S. Typhimurium under the acid tolerance response (ATR) and found a large number of genes (∼47%) to be differentially expressed (more than 1.5-fold or less than -1.5-fold; P < 0.01). Functional annotation revealed differentially expressed genes to be associated with regulation, metabolism, transport and binding, pathogenesis, and motility. Additionally, our knockout analysis of a subset of differentially regulated genes facilitated the identification of proteins that contribute to S. Typhimurium ATR and virulence. Mutants lacking genes encoding the K(+) binding and transport protein KdpA, hypothetical protein YciG, the flagellar hook cap protein FlgD, and the nitrate reductase subunit NarZ were significantly deficient in their ATRs and displayed varied in vitro virulence characteristics. This study offers greater insight into the transcriptome changes of S. Typhimurium under the ATR and provides a framework for further research on the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ryan
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Niladri Bhusan Pati
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, German Centre of Infection Research, Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Urmesh K Ojha
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | | | - Shilpa Ray
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sangeeta Jaiswal
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Gajinder P Singh
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Gopala K Mannala
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, German Centre of Infection Research, Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Tilman Schultze
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, German Centre of Infection Research, Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Trinad Chakraborty
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, German Centre of Infection Research, Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Mrutyunjay Suar
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Vishwakarma V, Pati NB, Ray S, Das S, Suar M. TTSS2-deficient hha mutant of Salmonella Typhimurium exhibits significant systemic attenuation in immunocompromised hosts. Virulence 2014; 5:311-20. [PMID: 24401482 DOI: 10.4161/viru.27605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) infections are emerging as leading problem worldwide and the variations in host immune status append to the concern of NTS. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is one of the causative agents of NTS infections and has been extensively studied. The inactivation of Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 (SPI2) encoded type-III secretion system 2 (TTSS2) has been reported rendering the strain incapable for systemic dissemination to host sites and has also been proposed as live-attenuated vaccine. However, infections from TTSS2-deficient Salmonella have also been reported. In this study, mutant strain MT15 was developed by inactivation of the hemolysin expression modulating protein (hha) in TTSS2-deficient S. Typhimurium background. The MT15 strain showed significant level of attenuation in immune-deprived murine colitis model when tested in iNos(-/-), IL10(-/-), and CD40L(-/-) mice groups in C57BL/6 background. Further, the mutation in hha does not implicate any defect in bacterial colonization to the host gut. The long-term infection of developed mutant strain conferred protective immune responses to suitably immunized streptomycin pre-treated C57BL/6 mice. The immunization enhanced the CD4(+) and CD8(+) cell types involved in bacterial clearance. The serum IgG and luminal secretory IgA (sIgA) was also found to be elevated after the due course of infection. Additionally, the immunized C57BL/6 mice were protected from the subsequent lethal infection of Salmonella Typhimurium. Collectively, these findings implicate the involvement of hemolysin expression modulating protein (Hha) in establishment of bacterial infection. In light of the observed attenuation of the developed mutant strain, this study proposes the possible significance of SPI2-deficient hha mutant as an alternative live-attenuated vaccine strain for use against lethal Salmonella infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shilpa Ray
- School of Biotechnology; KIIT University; Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Susmita Das
- School of Biotechnology; KIIT University; Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Mrutyunjay Suar
- School of Biotechnology; KIIT University; Bhubaneswar, India
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Pati NB, Vishwakarma V, Selvaraj SK, Dash S, Saha B, Singh N, Suar M. Salmonella Typhimurium TTSS-2 deficient mig-14 mutant shows attenuation in immunocompromised mice and offers protection against wild-type Salmonella Typhimurium infection. BMC Microbiol 2013; 13:236. [PMID: 24148706 PMCID: PMC3819739 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-13-236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Development of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) live attenuated vaccine carrier strain to prevent enteric infections has been a subject of intensive study. Several mutants of S. Typhimurium have been proposed as an effective live attenuated vaccine strain. Unfortunately, many such mutant strains failed to successfully complete the clinical trials as they were suboptimal in delivering effective safety and immunogenicity. However, it remained unclear, whether the existing live attenuated S. Typhimurium strains can further be attenuated with improved safety and immune efficacy or not. Results We deleted a specific non-SPI (Salmonella Pathogenicity Island) encoded virulence factor mig-14 (an antimicrobial peptide resistant protein) in ssaV deficient S. Typhimurium strain. The ssaV is an important SPI-II gene involved in Salmonella replication in macrophages and its mutant strain is considered as a potential live attenuated strain. However, fatal systemic infection was previously reported in immunocompromised mice like Nos2−/− and Il-10−/− when infected with ssaV deficient S. Typhimurium. Here we reported that attenuation of S. Typhimurium ssaV mutant in immunocompromised mice can further be improved by introducing additional deletion of gene mig-14. The ssaV, mig-14 double mutant was as efficient as ssaV mutant, with respect to host colonization and eliciting Salmonella-specific mucosal sIgA and serum IgG response in wild-type C57BL/6 mice. Interestingly, this double mutant did not show any systemic infection in immunocompromised mice. Conclusions This study suggests that ssaV, mig-14 double mutant strain can be effectively used as a potential vaccine candidate even in immunocompromised mice. Such attenuated vaccine strain could possibly used for expression of heterologous antigens and thus for development of a polyvalent vaccine strain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mrutyunjay Suar
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India.
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Pati NB, Vishwakarma V, Jaiswal S, Periaswamy B, Hardt WD, Suar M. Deletion of invH gene in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium limits the secretion of Sip effector proteins. Microbes Infect 2013; 15:66-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2012.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Revised: 10/20/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Vishwakarma V, Pati NB, Chandel HS, Sahoo SS, Saha B, Suar M. Evaluation of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium TTSS-2 deficient fur mutant as safe live-attenuated vaccine candidate for immunocompromised mice. PLoS One 2012; 7:e52043. [PMID: 23284865 PMCID: PMC3524104 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 11/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium has been extensively exploited as live attenuated vaccines (LAV) which generally confers better protection than killed or subunit vaccines. However, many LAV are limited by their inherent ability to access systemic organs in many of the vaccinated hosts, especially those which are immunocompromised. We evaluated the efficacy of a live-attenuated SPI2-deficient (ΔssaV) S. Typhimurium vaccine candidate (MT13) that additionally devoids the ferric uptake regulator (fur). We used specific pathogen free (SPF) streptomycin-pretreated mouse colitis model that included healthy C57BL/6 and immunocompromised iNos−/−, IL10−/− and CD40L−/− in the background of C57BL/6 mice to assess the efficacy of developed vaccine candidate. In our study, the S. Typhimurium MT13 strain was established as a safe vaccine candidate to be administered in immunocompromised mice as it was found to be systemically attenuated without conferring significant pathological signs and growth defect within the host. In bacterial challenge experiment, the MT13-vaccinated C57BL/6 mice were protected from subsequent wild-type S. Typhimurium infection by inducing proficient mucosal immunity. The MT13 strain elicited efficient O-antigen specific mucosal secretory IgA associated protective response which was comparable with its parental ssaV mutant. Vaccination with MT13 also showed proficient T-cell activation in host mice; which has direct relation with pathogen clearance from host tissues. Collectively, these data implicate the possible application of SPI-2 deficient fur mutant (MT13) as a novel live attenuated vaccine strain with adept immunogenicity and improved safety, even in immunocompromised hosts. Further, this vaccine candidate can be employed to express heterologous antigens targeted against several other diseases, especially related to enterocolitic pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Bhaskar Saha
- National Centre for Cell Sciences, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India
| | - Mrutyunjay Suar
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- * E-mail:
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