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Chomphen L, Yamanont P, Morales NP. Flavonoid Metabolites in Serum and Urine after the Ingestion of Selected Tropical Fruits. Nutrients 2024; 16:161. [PMID: 38201990 PMCID: PMC10780413 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The serum concentration and urinary excretion of flavonoids after the ingestion of guava, pineapple, and pomelo were determined using liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS). Each group of healthy volunteers was given 200 g of fresh fruit after overnight fasting and a 24-h flavonoid-free diet. The results demonstrate that only the glucuronic-conjugated metabolites of luteolin, quercetin, kaempferol, and myricetin were detected after fruit ingestion. The metabolites were first detected after 2 h, with the time to maximum concentration (Tmax) at 6 h. The most abundant metabolites for guava, pineapple, and pomelo were the glucuronide metabolites of quercetin (AUC0-8 5.4 ± 1.3 μg·h/mL), kaempferol (AUC0-8 9.9 ± 2.3 μg·h/mL), and luteolin (AUC0-8 6.4 ± 1.1 μg·h/mL), respectively. The flavonoids found in the 24-h urinary excretions were glucuronic- and mainly sulfate-conjugated metabolites. Quercetin metabolites were the most abundant after guava and pineapple ingestion, accounting for 900 and 700 μg, respectively. Luteolin metabolites were the most abundant after pomelo ingestion, accounting for 450 μg. The serum and urinary metabolite profiles suggested that guava and pineapple are good sources of quercetin, pineapple is a good source of kaempferol, and pomelo is a good source of luteolin. The study of flavonoid profiles may provide information for the selection of fruits as functional foods for their health benefits to help with various health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalita Chomphen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (L.C.); (P.Y.)
- Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Paveena Yamanont
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (L.C.); (P.Y.)
| | - Noppawan Phumala Morales
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (L.C.); (P.Y.)
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Duangiad P, Nutho B, Chaijarasphong T, Morales NP, Pongtharangkul T, Hamachi I, Ojida A, Wongkongkatep J. Naturally occurring quercetin and myricetin as potent inhibitors for human ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1. Sci Rep 2024; 14:125. [PMID: 38167594 PMCID: PMC10761680 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50590-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatases/phosphodiesterases 1 (ENPP1) is a key enzyme in purinergic signaling pathways responsible for cell-to-cell communications and regulation of several fundamental pathophysiological processes. In this study, Kyoto Green, a rapid chemical sensor of pyrophosphate, was employed to screen for effective ENPP1 inhibitors among five representative flavonoids (quercetin, myricetin, morin, kaempferol, and quercetin-3-glucoside), five nucleosides (adenosine, guanosine, inosine, uridine, and cytidine), and five deoxynucleosides (2'- and 3'-deoxyadenosine, 2'-deoxyguanosine, 2'-deoxyinosine, and 2'-deoxyuridine). Conventional colorimetric, fluorescence, and bioluminescence assays revealed that ENPP1 was effectively inhibited by quercetin (Ki ~ 4 nM) and myricetin (Ki ~ 32 nM) when ATP was used as a substrate at pH 7.4. In silico analysis indicated that the presence of a chromone scaffold, particularly one containing a hydroxyl group at the 3' position on the B ring, may promote binding to the active site pocket of ENPP1 and enhance inhibition. This study demonstrated that the naturally derived quercetin and myricetin could effectively inhibit ENPP1 enzymatic activity and may offer health benefits in arthritis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peeradon Duangiad
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Bodee Nutho
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Thawatchai Chaijarasphong
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Noppawan Phumala Morales
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Thunyarat Pongtharangkul
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Itaru Hamachi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-Ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Akio Ojida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Jirarut Wongkongkatep
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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Wichaiyo S, Svasti S, Maiuthed A, Rukthong P, Goli AS, Morales NP. Dasatinib Ointment Promotes Healing of Murine Excisional Skin Wound. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:1015-1027. [PMID: 37470022 PMCID: PMC10353058 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.2c00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Dasatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been shown to produce anti-inflammatory activity and impair vascular integrity in vivo, including during skin wound healing, potentially promoting the repair process. Given that dasatinib is a lipophilic small molecule capable of penetrating skin, topical dasatinib might provide benefits in wound healing. In the present study, we investigated the impact of dasatinib ointments in skin wound healing in mice. A full thickness excisional skin wound (4 mm diameter) was generated on the shaved dorsum of eight-week-old C57BL/6 mice. Dasatinib ointment (0.1 or 0.2% w/w) or ointment base was applied twice daily (every 12 h) for 10 days. Elizabethan collars were used to prevent animal licking. The wound size was monitored daily for 14 days. The results showed that dasatinib ointments, particularly 0.1% dasatinib, promoted a 16-23% reduction in wound size (p < 0.05) during day 2 to day 6 postinjury compared to controls. Immunohistochemistry analyses demonstrated a reduction in wound neutrophils (38% reduction, p = 0.04), macrophages (47% reduction, p = 0.005), and tumor necrosis factor-α levels (73% reduction, p < 0.01), together with an induction of vascular leakage-mediated fibrin(ogen) accumulation (2.5-fold increase, p < 0.01) in the wound during day 3 postinjury (an early phase of repair) in 0.1% dasatinib-treated mice relative to control mice. The anti-inflammatory and vascular hyperpermeability activities of dasatinib were associated with an enhanced healing process, including increased keratinocyte proliferation (1.8-fold increase in Ki67+ cells, p < 0.05) and augmented angiogenesis (1.7-fold increase in CD31+ area, p < 0.05), compared to the ointment base-treated group. Following treatment with 0.2% dasatinib ointment, minor wound bleeding and scab reformation were observed during the late phase, which contributed to delayed healing. In conclusion, our data suggest that dasatinib ointment, mainly at 0.1%, promotes the repair process by reducing inflammation and producing a local and temporal vascular leakage, leading to an increase in fibrin(ogen) deposition, re-epithelialization, and angiogenesis. Therefore, topical dasatinib might be a potential novel candidate to facilitate skin wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surasak Wichaiyo
- Department
of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol
University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Centre
of Biopharmaceutical Science for Healthy Ageing, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Saovaros Svasti
- Thalassemia
Research Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon
Pathom 73170, Thailand
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol
University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Arnatchai Maiuthed
- Department
of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol
University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Centre
of Biopharmaceutical Science for Healthy Ageing, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Pattarawit Rukthong
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhonnayok 26120, Thailand
| | - Arman Syah Goli
- Department
of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol
University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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Tran NT, Sutcharitchan P, Janprasit J, Rojnuckarin P, Morales NP, Luechapudiporn R. Deferiprone, an iron chelator, alleviates platelet hyperactivity in patients with β-thalassaemia/HbE. Drugs Context 2022; 11:dic-2022-7-6. [PMID: 36544626 PMCID: PMC9753601 DOI: 10.7573/dic.2022-7-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperfunctional platelets play important roles in thromboembolism in patients with β-thalassaemia/ haemoglobin E (β-thal/HbE). Our previous study revealed ex vivo inhibitory effects of deferiprone on normal platelets. Herein, we aimed to investigate the in vivo effects on platelets in patients with β-thal/HbE. Methods A prospective, self-controlled clinical study on 30 patients with β-thal/HbE who had received therapeutic deferiprone (20.8-94.5 mg/kg/day) was conducted. The study included a 4-week washout period followed by 4 and 12 weeks of deferiprone treatment. Platelet aggregation was performed by a turbidimetric method. Levels of deferiprone and soluble platelet (sP)-selectin in serum were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit, respectively. Results The washout period significantly enhanced platelet hyperactivity both in patients who had undergone splenectomy and in those who had not. At 2 hours following the administration of a single dose of deferiprone, platelet sensitivity to ADP and arachidonic acid was significantly reduced. The inhibitory effects of deferiprone were gradually increased over the period of 4 and 12 weeks. Deferiprone also depressed sP-selectin levels, but the effect was stable over longer follow-up periods. Correlation analysis demonstrated the relationship between serum levels of deferiprone, sP-selectin, and platelet activities induced by ADP and arachidonic acid. Conclusion We first demonstrated the in vivo antiplatelet effect and benefit of short-term treatment of deferiprone in patients with β-thal/HbE. The impact on thrombotic outcomes deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngan Thi Tran
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand,Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Haiphong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Haiphong, Vietnam
| | - Pranee Sutcharitchan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jindaporn Janprasit
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ponlapat Rojnuckarin
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Rataya Luechapudiporn
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand,Center of Excellence in Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Duangrat R, Parichatikanond W, Morales NP, Pinthong D, Mangmool S. Sustained AT1R stimulation induces upregulation of growth factors in human cardiac fibroblasts via Gαq/TGF-β/ERK signaling that influences myocyte hypertrophy. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 937:175384. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Wichaiyo S, Svasti S, Supharattanasitthi W, Morales NP. Dasatinib induces loss of vascular integrity and promotes cutaneous wound repair in mice. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19:3154-3167. [PMID: 34402195 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bleeding due to depletion of platelet glycoprotein VI (GPVI) and C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2) has been proposed as a potential novel mechanism to promote skin wound healing. Dasatinib inhibits a broad range of tyrosine kinases, including Src and Syk, the signaling molecules downstream of GPVI and CLEC-2. OBJECTIVES To investigate whether dasatinib affects skin wound healing. METHODS A single (4-mm diameter) full-thickness excisional skin wound was generated in mice. Dasatinib (5 or 10 mg/kg) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) vehicle was intraperitoneally injected daily during the first 4 days. The wound was monitored over 9 days post injury. RESULTS Dasatinib induced loss of vascular integrity during the inflammatory phase of wound repair (day 1 to day 3 post injury), which was associated with the inhibition of platelet function stimulated by collagen and rhodocytin, the ligands for GPVI and CLEC-2, respectively. Dasatinib-treated mice, particularly at 5 mg/kg, exhibited accelerated wound closure compared to DMSO-treated controls. Transient bleeding into the wound during the inflammatory phase in dasatinib-treated mice allowed for extravasation of fibrinogen. The increased deposition of fibrinogen and fibrin in the wound on day 3 post injury was associated with the augmented progression of re-epithelialization and angiogenesis, attenuated infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages, and decreased levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). CONCLUSIONS Our data show that dasatinib promotes skin wound healing, and the mechanisms include blocking GPVI- and CLEC-2-mediated platelet activation, leading to self-limited inflammatory bleeding and fibrinogen/fibrin deposition, in association with reduced inflammation, increased re-epithelialization, and enhanced angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surasak Wichaiyo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Centre of Biopharmaceutical Science for Healthy Ageing, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Saovaros Svasti
- Thalassemia Research Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wasu Supharattanasitthi
- Centre of Biopharmaceutical Science for Healthy Ageing, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Thant SW, Morales NP, Buranasudja V, Sritularak B, Luechapudiporn R. Protective Effect of Lusianthridin on Hemin-Induced Low-Density Lipoprotein Oxidation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:567. [PMID: 34198641 PMCID: PMC8232130 DOI: 10.3390/ph14060567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Hemin (iron (III)-protoporphyrin IX) is a degradation product of hemoglobin that can be found in thalassemia patients. Hemin is a strong oxidant that can cause LDL oxidation and contributes to atherosclerosis in thalassemia patients. Lusianthridin from Dendrobium venustrum is a phenolic compound that possesses antioxidant activity. Hence, lusianthridin could be a promising compound to be used against hemin-induced oxidative stress. The major goal of this study is to evaluate the protective effect of lusianthridin on hemin-induced low-density lipoprotein oxidation (he-oxLDL). Here, various concentrations of lusianthridin (0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 µM) were preincubated with LDL for 30 min, then 5 µM of hemin was added to initiate the oxidation, and oxidative parameters were measured at various times of incubation (0, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 h). Lipid peroxidation of LDL was measured by thiobarbituric reactive substance (TBARs) assay and relative electrophoretic mobility (REM). The lipid composition of LDL was analyzed by using reverse-phase HPLC. Foam cell formation with he-oxLDL in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells was detected by Oil Red O staining. The results indicated that lusianthridin could inhibit TBARs formation, decrease REM, decrease oxidized lipid products, as well as preserve the level of cholesteryl arachidonate and cholesteryl linoleate. Moreover, He-oxLDL incubated with lusianthridin for 24 h can reduce the foam cell formation in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Taken together, lusianthridin could be a potential agent to be used to prevent atherosclerosis in thalassemia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Wutyi Thant
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology Program, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | | | - Visarut Buranasudja
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Boonchoo Sritularak
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Rataya Luechapudiporn
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Kanpittaya K, Teerakapong A, Morales NP, Hormdee D, Priprem A, Weera-archakul W, Damrongrungruang T. Inhibitory Effects of Erythrosine/Curcumin Derivatives/Nano-Titanium Dioxide-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy on Candida albicans. Molecules 2021; 26:2405. [PMID: 33919066 PMCID: PMC8122479 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study focuses on the role of photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy. The photosensitizers were prepared in combinations of 110/220 µM erythrosine and/or 10/20 µM demethoxy/bisdemethoxy curcumin with/without 10% (w/w) nano-titanium dioxide. Irradiation was performed with a dental blue light in the 395-480 nm wavelength range, with a power density of 3200 mW/cm2 and yield of 72 J/cm2. The production of ROS and hydroxyl radical was investigated using an electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometer for each individual photosensitizer or in photosensitizer combinations. Subsequently, a PrestoBlue® toxicity test of the gingival fibroblast cells was performed at 6 and 24 h on the eight highest ROS-generating photosensitizers containing curcumin derivatives and erythrosine 220 µM. Finally, the antifungal ability of 22 test photosensitizers, Candida albicans (ATCC 10231), were cultured in biofilm form at 37 °C for 48 h, then the colonies were counted in colony-forming units (CFU/mL) via the drop plate technique, and then the log reduction was calculated. The results showed that at 48 h the test photosensitizers could simultaneously produce both ROS types. All test photosensitizers demonstrated no toxicity on the fibroblast cells. In total, 18 test photosensitizers were able to inhibit Candida albicans similarly to nystatin. Conclusively, 20 µM bisdemethoxy curcumin + 220 µM erythrosine + 10% (w/w) nano-titanium dioxide exerted the highest inhibitory effect on Candida albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasama Kanpittaya
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (K.K.); (A.T.); (D.H.)
- Dental Department, Chumphae Hospital, Khon Kaen 40130, Thailand
| | - Aroon Teerakapong
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (K.K.); (A.T.); (D.H.)
- Laser in Dentistry Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | | | - Doosadee Hormdee
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (K.K.); (A.T.); (D.H.)
| | - Aroonsri Priprem
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand;
| | - Wilawan Weera-archakul
- Division of Dental Public Health, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Teerasak Damrongrungruang
- Laser in Dentistry Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Research and Academic Services, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Division of Oral Diagnosis, Department of Oral Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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Phutim-Mangkhalthon A, Teerakapong A, Tippayawat P, Morales NP, Morkmued S, Puasiri S, Priprem A, Damrongrungruang T. Anti-inflammatory effect of photodynamic therapy using guaiazulene and red lasers on peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 31:101747. [PMID: 32200021 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Photodynamic therapy improves oral mucositis treatment. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from this reaction could contribute to an anti-inflammatory effect by suppressing inflammatory cells. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of photodynamic therapy using guaiazulene and a red laser in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). METHODS Guaiazulene solutions (1, 2, 5, 25, 35, and 100 μM in 99.8 % methanol) were irradiated with red laser light (625 nm, 146.2 mW/cm2) in continuous mode at 0, 4, and 8 J/cm2 in black 96-well plates. ROS were measured using spin trapping technique with electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy and fluorescence. The two highest concentrations were tested using cell viability (PrestoBlue®) and anti-inflammation (RANTES and PGE2 ELISA) assay kits. Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn Bonferroni tests were used for statistical analyses with significant differences at p-value < 0.05. RESULTS Guaiazulene solutions between 2 and 5 μM exposed to red laser light at 4-8 J/cm2 generated significantly more singlet oxygen compared to the no guaiazulene group (p < 0.01) and reduced RANTES and PGE2 levels in TNF-α-inflamed peripheral blood mononuclear cells without affecting cell viability. CONCLUSION Photodynamic activation of guaiazulene generated singlet oxygen and suppressed inflammatory markers in PBMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ampika Phutim-Mangkhalthon
- Division of Paediatric Dentistry, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, 40002, Thailand.
| | - Aroon Teerakapong
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, 40002, Thailand; Lasers in Dentistry Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
| | - Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, 40002, Thailand.
| | | | - Supawich Morkmued
- Division of Paediatric Dentistry, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, 40002, Thailand.
| | - Subin Puasiri
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, 40002, Thailand.
| | - Aroonsri Priprem
- Melatonin Research Group and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, 40002, Thailand.
| | - Teerasak Damrongrungruang
- Division of Oral Diagnosis, Department of Oral Biomedical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, 40002, Thailand; Lasers in Dentistry Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.
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Morales NP, Chunephisal P, Janprasit J, Ishida Y, Luechapudiporn R, Yamada KI. Kinetics and localisation of haemin-induced lipoprotein oxidation. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:968-978. [PMID: 31452415 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2019.1660323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Haemin (iron (III)-protoporphyrin IX) is a degradation product of haemoglobin in circulating erythrocytes. Haemin may play a key oxidising agent for lipoprotein oxidation in patients with haemolytic anaemia. In this study, kinetic changes in chemical composition and target sites of haemin-induced LDL and HDL oxidation were investigated. Haemin initially induced the loss of α-tocopherol, followed by accumulation of lipid hydroperoxide (LP) and alteration of core lipid fluidity. The absence of LP in HDL was explained by the antioxidant activity of PON in addition to α-tocopherol. The target site of haemin was evaluated by ESR spin labelling with 5- and 16-doxyl steric acids. In the presence of t-BuOOH and haemin, ESR signal decay of the doxyl moiety demonstrated the initiation phase and the propagation phase of lipid peroxidation. The results of the lag time and the rate of signal decay indicated that haemin is located near the 16th carbon atom of the fatty acid chain in the phospholipid layer. The analyses of motion parameters, order parameter (S) of 5-DS and rotational correlation time (τ) of 16-DS, supported the observation that the lipid properties changed near the hydrophobic region rather than at the surface region of lipoproteins. Moreover, ESR spin labelling demonstrated that haemin molecules but not iron ions caused lipoprotein oxidation. In conclusion, haemin is a potent inducer of lipoprotein oxidation, and the target site for this oxidation is near the hydrophobic core of the lipoprotein leading to the loss of antioxidant activities and changes in lipid composition and physical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jindaporn Janprasit
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Mahidol University , Bangkok , Thailand
| | - Yuma Ishida
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Kyushu University , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - Rataya Luechapudiporn
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok , Thailand
| | - Ken-Ichi Yamada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Kyushu University , Fukuoka , Japan
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Tran NT, Akkawat B, Morales NP, Rojnuckarin P, Luechapudiporn R. Antiplatelet activity of deferiprone through cyclooxygenase-1 inhibition. Platelets 2019; 31:505-512. [PMID: 31366263 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2019.1648782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Thalassemia patients are susceptible to both iron overload and thromboembolism. Deferiprone is an iron chelator that shows an antiplatelet activity and thus may alleviate platelet hyperactivation in thalassemia. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the inhibitory effects and mechanisms of deferiprone on normal human platelets. The results illustrated that deferiprone inhibited platelet aggregation at the iron chelating concentrations (0.08-0.25 mmol/l). Deferiprone inhibited human platelet aggregation stimulated by arachidonic acid and ADP more potently than epinephrine and collagen, with the IC50 of 0.24 mmol/l and 0.25 mmol/l vs. 3.36 mmol/l and 3.73 mmol/l, respectively. Interestingly, deferiprone significantly inhibited COX-1 activity, with the IC50 of 0.33 mmol/l, and slightly increased cAMP level at the high concentration of 4 mmol/l. Moreover, the results from molecular docking showed that deferiprone interacted closely with key residues in the peroxidase active site of COX-1. These results suggested that deferiprone possessed antiplatelet activity mainly through the inhibition of COX-1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngan Thi Tran
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Program, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Benjaporn Akkawat
- Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | - Rataya Luechapudiporn
- Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty ofPharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok, Thailand
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Yatmark P, Huaijantug S, Teerapan W, Svasti S, Fucharoen S, Morales NP. MRI imaging and histopathological study of brain iron overload of β-thalassemic mice. Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 61:267-272. [PMID: 31128226 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2019.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Brain iron overload is chronic and slow progressing and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a useful noninvasive tool for determining liver iron content, but it has not been proven to be adequate for evaluating brain iron overload. We evaluated the usefulness of MRI-derived parameters to determine brain iron concentration in β-thalassemic mice and the effects of the membrane permeable iron chelator, deferiprone. Sixteen β-thalassemic mice underwent 1.5T MRI of the brain that included a multiecho T2*-weighted sequence. Brain T2* values ranged from 28 to 31ms for thalassemic mice. For the iron overloaded thalassemic mice, brain T2* values decreased, ranging from 8 to 12ms, which correlated with the iron overload status of the animals. In addition, brain T2* values increased in the group with the treatment of deferiprone, ranging from 18 to 24ms. Our results may be useful to understand brain pathology in iron overload. Moreover, data could lead to an earlier diagnosis, assist in following disease progression, and demonstrate the benefits of iron chelation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paranee Yatmark
- Department of Pre-clinic and Applied Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakorn Pathom, Thailand.
| | - Somkiat Huaijantug
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakorn Pathom, Thailand
| | - Wuttiwong Teerapan
- Department of Companion Animals Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Saovaros Svasti
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakorn Pathom, Thailand
| | - Suthat Fucharoen
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakorn Pathom, Thailand
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Dieng H, Ellias SB, Satho T, Abang F, Morales Vargas RE, Morales NP. Response to the letter sent by Dr. Viroj Wiwanitkit entitled "Coffee waste, vector control and dengue". Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:32823-32825. [PMID: 30311114 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3363-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hamady Dieng
- Institute of Biodiversity and Environmental Conservation (IBEC), Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia.
| | | | - Tomomitsu Satho
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Fatimah Abang
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
| | - Ronald E Morales Vargas
- Department of Medical Entomology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Saitawee D, Teerakapong A, Morales NP, Jitprasertwong P, Hormdee D. Photodynamic therapy of Curcuma longa extract stimulated with blue light against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018. [PMID: 29535046 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Curcumin, one of an established curcuminoid substances extracted from Curcuma longa, has been used as a photosensitizer (PS) in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Curcuminoid substances has been reported to have benefits in treating dental chronic infection and inflammation diseases, such as chronic periodontitis. The purpose of this study was to find the optimum concentration of Curcuma longa (CL) extract, containing all curcuminoid substances, and the power density of blue light (BL) in photodynamic therapy against periodontally pathogenic bacteria, A. actinomycetemcomitans. METHODS Antibacterial activity of various concentrations of CL extract against A. actinomycetemcomitans was determined. Exponentially growing bacteria were combined with 2-fold dilution of CL extract solution ranging from 25 to 0.098 μg/ml. Co-culture bacteria treated with 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) served as the positive control. The effect of photostimulation with light emitting diode (LED) 420-480 nm at 16.8 J/cm2 for 1 min on the selected concentration of CL extract was examined. Bacteria viability was determined by plate counting technique. In addition, production of free radicals was tested by electron spin resonance spectroscope (ESR) with 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO). RESULTS The antibacterial activity of CL extract was dose dependent. Without BL, 25 μg/ml CL extract showed 6.03 ± 0.39 log10A. actinomycetemcomitans. Interestingly, the combination of BL and 0.78 μg/ml CL extract solution showed complete absence of A. actinomycetemcomitans. Peak signal intensity of hydroxyl radical production was also detected with the combination of BL and CL. CONCLUSIONS CL extract not only had antimicrobial activity but also could be used as an effective PS when stimulated with BL in PDT. The optimal antibacterial effect of CL extract with BL was equal to the standard oral disinfectant, 0.12% CHX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darika Saitawee
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Aroon Teerakapong
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | | | - Doosadee Hormdee
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Research Group of Chronic Inflammatory Oral Diseases and Systemic Diseases Associated with Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
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Chaniad P, Morales NP, Rojsitthisak P, Luechapudiporn R. Effects of turmeric extract on hemin-induced low-density lipoprotein oxidation. J Food Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Prapaporn Chaniad
- Interdisciplinary Program in Pharmacology, Graduate School; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
- School of Medicine; Walailak University; Nakhon Si Thammarat Thailand
| | | | - Pornchai Rojsitthisak
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
- Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases Research Unit; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
| | - Rataya Luechapudiporn
- Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases Research Unit; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
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Teerakapong A, Damrongrungruang T, Sattayut S, Morales NP, Tantananugool S. Efficacy of erythrosine and cyanidin-3-glucoside mediated photodynamic therapy on Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilms using green light laser. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017; 20:154-158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ishida Y, Okamoto Y, Matsuoka Y, Tada A, Janprasit J, Yamato M, Morales NP, Yamada KI. Detection and inhibition of lipid-derived radicals in low-density lipoprotein. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 113:487-493. [PMID: 29107744 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.10.388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Oxidized low density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) is implicated in a variety of oxidative diseases. To clarify the mechanisms involved and facilitate the investigation of therapeutics, we previously developed a detection method for lipid-derived radicals using the fluorescent probe 2,2,6-trimethyl-6-pentyl-4-(4-nitrobenzo[1,2,5]oxadiazol-7-ylamino)piperidine-1-oxyl (NBD-Pen). In this study, NBD-Pen was used to detect lipid-derived radicals in Ox-LDL from in vitro and in vivo samples using an iron overloaded mouse model. By following the timeline of lipid radical generation using this method, the iron overloaded mice could be successfully treated with the antioxidant Trolox, resulting in successful lowering of the plasma lipid peroxidation, aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase levels. Furthermore, using a combination therapy of the chelating agent deferoxamine (DFX) and Trolox, liver injury and oxidative stress markers were also reduced in iron overloaded mice. The NBD-Pen method is highly sensitive as well as selective and is suitable for targeting minimally modified LDL compared with other existing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Ishida
- Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuka Okamoto
- Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuta Matsuoka
- Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Arisa Tada
- Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Jindaporn Janprasit
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Mayumi Yamato
- Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Noppawan Phumala Morales
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| | - Ken-Ichi Yamada
- Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
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Dieng H, Satho T, Abang F, Miake F, Ghani IA, Latip NA, Aliasan NE, Noor S, Ahmad AH, Ahmad H, Zuharah WF, Majid AHA, Nolasco-Hipolito C, Enrique Morales Vargas R, Phumala Morales N, Noweg GT. Anti-oviposition activities of used sock media against a dengue vector: prospects of eco-friendly control and solutions to pollution. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:21375-21385. [PMID: 28744676 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9624-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Yearly, huge amounts of sock refuse are discarded into the environment. Socks contain many molecules, and worn ones, which are rich in smell-causing bacteria, have a strong influence on animals' behaviors. But the impacts of sock odor on the oviposition behavior of dengue vectors are unknown. We assessed whether Aedes albopictus changes its oviposition activity in response to the presence of used socks extract (USEx) in potential breeding grounds, using choice and no-choice bioassays (NCB). When furnished even chances to oviposit in two sites holding USEx and two others containing water (control), Ae. albopictus deposited significantly less eggs in USEx than in water sites. A similar pattern of oviposition preference was also observed when there were more oviposition options in water. When there were greater oviposition opportunities in USEx sites, Ae. albopictus oviposited preferentially in water. Females laid significantly more eggs during the NCB involving water than USEx. Also, significantly more mature eggs were retained by females in the NCB with USEx than in that with water. These observations strongly suggest the presence of molecules with either repellent or deterrent activities against Ae. albopictus females and provide an impetus to advocate the integration of used socks in dengue control programs. Such applications could be a realistic end-of-life recourse to reroute this waste from landfills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamady Dieng
- Institute of Biodiversity and Environmental Conservation (IBEC), Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kuching, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia.
| | - Tomomitsu Satho
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Fatimah Abang
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
| | - Fumio Miake
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Idris A Ghani
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Nurshilawati A Latip
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
| | - Nur Ezzati Aliasan
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
| | - Sabina Noor
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
| | - Abu Hassan Ahmad
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Hamdan Ahmad
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Wan Fatma Zuharah
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | | | - Cirilo Nolasco-Hipolito
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Gabriel Tonga Noweg
- Institute of Biodiversity and Environmental Conservation (IBEC), Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kuching, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
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Suwanprinya L, Morales NP, Sanvarinda P, Dieng H, Okabayashi T, Morales Vargas RE. Dengue Virus-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Rat Microglial Cells. Jpn J Infect Dis 2016; 70:383-387. [PMID: 28003593 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid.2016.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Encephalitis has been described worldwide as a severe complication in patients infected by dengue virus. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is a key mechanism involved in the neuronal damage caused by viral encephalitis. In the present study, the capability of dengue virus serotypes 2 (DENV2) and DENV4 to induce ROS production was investigated in a rat microglial cell line, HAPI cells. The cells were infected with DENV2 and DENV4 at a multiplicity of infection of 0.1 for a 2-h adsorption period. Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) was used as the reference. DENV2- and DENV4-induced microglial activation and significantly increased ROS production corresponded to decreased cell viability. The activity of DENV4 was significantly higher than the activities of DENV2 and JEV at 48 and 72 h post infection. DENV4 partly induced ROS production via an iron-induced Fenton reaction, as demonstrated by the treatment with an iron chelator, deferiprone. Despite the induction of increased inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and nitric oxide (NO) production by JEV, DENV2, and DENV4 did not induce NO production, suggesting the activation of different pathways in response to infections by different viruses. In conclusion, DENV2 and DENV4 have the capability to induce ROS production and activate microglia, which have been reported as the key components of neuronal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hamady Dieng
- Institute of Biodiversity and Environmental Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
| | - Tamaki Okabayashi
- Mahidol-Osaka Center for Infectious Diseases (MOCID), Mahidol University.,Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University
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20
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Morales NP, Sirijaroonwong S, Yamanont P, Phisalaphong C. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Study of the Free Radical Scavenging Capacity of Curcumin and Its Demethoxy and Hydrogenated Derivatives. Biol Pharm Bull 2016; 38:1478-83. [PMID: 26424013 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b15-00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The quantitative free radical scavenging capacity of curcumin and its demethoxy derivatives (demethoxycurcumin (Dmc) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (Bdmc)) and hydrogenated derivatives (tetrahydrocurcumin (THC), hexahydrocurcumin (HHC) and octahydrocurcumin (OHC)) towards 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide radical (NO), hydroxyl radical (HO(·)) and superoxide anion radical (O2(·)) were investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. One mole of the hydrogenated derivatives scavenged about 4 mol of the DPPH radical, while curcumin and Dmc scavenged about 3 mol of the DPPH radical. Curcumin and THC showed moderate scavenging activity towards NO, yielding 200 mmol of NO scavenged per 1 mol of the scavenger. In contrast, curcumin and its derivatives showed very low scavenging activity towards HO(·) and O2(·), yielding approximately only 3-12 mmol scavenged per 1 mol of the tested compounds. Our results suggest that curcumin and its derivatives principally act as chain breaking antioxidants rather than as direct free radical scavengers. Furthermore, we showed that the ortho-methoxyphenolic group and the heptadione linkage of these molecules greatly contributed to their DPPH and NO scavenging activity.
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Khunakornvichaya A, Lekmeechai S, Pham PP, Himakoun W, Pitaksuteepong T, Morales NP, Hemstapat W. Morus alba L. Stem Extract Attenuates Pain and Articular Cartilage Damage in the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transection-Induced Rat Model of Osteoarthritis. Pharmacology 2016; 98:209-216. [DOI: 10.1159/000447973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Yatmark P, Morales NP, Chaisri U, Wichaiyo S, Hemstapat W, Srichairatanakool S, Svasti S, Fucharoen S. Effects of Iron Chelators on Pulmonary Iron Overload and Oxidative Stress in β-Thalassemic Mice. Pharmacology 2015; 96:192-9. [DOI: 10.1159/000438994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Phanthong P, Morales NP, Chancharunee S, Mangmool S, Anantachoke N, Bunyapraphatsara N. Biological Activity of Dolichandrone Serrulata Flowers and Their Active Components. Nat Prod Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1501000819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dolichandrone serrulata (DC.) Seem flowers are widely used as vegetables in northern and eastern Thailand. Biological studies of the methanolic extract of these flowers have shown promising antioxidant activity. Biological-guided separation of D. serrulata flowers yielded six compounds, identified as hallerone, protocatechuic acid, rengyolone, cleroindicin B, ixoside, and isomaltose. This is the first report on hallerone, protocatechuic acid, rengyolone, cleroindicin B, and isomaltose in D. serrulata. Protocatechuic acid was the most potent scavenger of 2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl and hydroxyl radicals with IC50 values of 25.6 ± 0.6 and 29.6 ± 0.4 μM, respectively. Hallerone and rengyolone showed moderate scavenging action on superoxide radicals and inhibited H2O2 induced reactive oxygen species production in HEK-293 cell. In addition, the other isolated compounds showed weak activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phanida Phanthong
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Sri-Ayuthaya Road, Rachathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Noppawan Phumala Morales
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Rachathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Sirirat Chancharunee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Huakeaw Road, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Supachoke Mangmool
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Sri-Ayuthaya Road, Rachathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Drug Design and Discovery, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Sri-Ayuthaya Road, Rachathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Natthinee Anantachoke
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Sri-Ayuthaya Road, Rachathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Nuntavan Bunyapraphatsara
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Sri-Ayuthaya Road, Rachathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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Wichaiyo S, Yatmark P, Morales Vargas RE, Sanvarinda P, Svasti S, Fucharoen S, Morales NP. Effect of iron overload on furin expression in wild-type and β-thalassemic mice. Toxicol Rep 2015; 2:415-422. [PMID: 28962376 PMCID: PMC5598392 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Furin is a proprotein convertase enzyme. In the liver, it cleaves prohepcidin to form active hepcidin-25, which regulates systemic iron homeostasis. Hepcidin deficiency is a component of several iron overload disorders, including β-thalassemia. Several studies have identified factors that repress hepcidin gene transcription in iron overload. However, the effect of iron overload on furin, a post-translational regulator of hepcidin, has never been evaluated. The present study aimed to investigate the changes in furin and related factors in parenteral iron-overloaded mice, including those with β-thalassemia. Wild-type (WT) and β-thalassemia intermedia (th3/+) C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with 9 doses of iron dextran (1 g iron/kg body weight) over 2 weeks. In the iron overload condition, our data demonstrated a significant Furin mRNA reduction in WT and th3/+ mice. In addition, the liver furin protein level in iron-overloaded WT mice was significantly reduced by 70% compared to control WT mice. However, the liver furin protein in iron-overloaded th3/+ mice did not show a significant reduction compared to control th3/+ mice. The hepcidin gene (hepcidin antimicrobial peptide gene, Hamp1) expression was increased in iron-overloaded WT and th3/+ mice. Surprisingly, the liver hepcidin protein level and total serum hepcidin were not increased in both WT and th3/+ mice with iron overload, regardless of the increase in Hamp1 mRNA. In conclusion, we demonstrate furin downregulation in conjunction with Hamp1 mRNA-unrelated pattern of hepcidin protein expression in iron-overloaded mice, particularly the WT mice, suggesting that, not only the amount of hepcidin but also the furin-mediated physiological activity may be decreased in severe iron overload condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surasak Wichaiyo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Paranee Yatmark
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Ronald Enrique Morales Vargas
- Department of Medical Entomology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Pimtip Sanvarinda
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Saovaros Svasti
- Thalassemia Research Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Suthat Fucharoen
- Thalassemia Research Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Noppawan Phumala Morales
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Corresponding author at: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272 Rama 6 Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Tel.: +66 2 201 5507; fax: +66 2 354 7157.
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Yatmark P, Morales NP, Chaisri U, Wichaiyo S, Hemstapat W, Srichairatanakool S, Svasti S, Fucharoen S. Iron distribution and histopathological characterization of the liver and heart of β-thalassemic mice with parenteral iron overload: Effects of deferoxamine and deferiprone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 66:333-43. [PMID: 24907196 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The liver and heart are the major target organs for iron accumulation and iron toxicity in β-thalassemia. To mimic the phenomenon of heavy iron overload resulting from repeated blood transfusions, a total of 180 mg of iron dextran was intraperitoneally injected into C57BL/6J mice (WT) and heterozygous β-globin knockout mice ((mu)β(th-3/+), BKO). The effects of deferiprone and deferoxamine in this model were investigated. The iron was distributed homogenously throughout the 4 liver lobes (left, caudate, right and median) and was present in hepatocytes, Kupffer cells and the sinusoidal space. Iron accumulation in phagocytic macrophages, recruitment of hepatic lymphocytes and nucleus membrane degeneration were observed as a result of iron overload in the WT and BKO mice. However, the expansion of hepatic extramedullary hematopoiesis was observed only in the BKO mice with iron overload. In the heart, the iron accumulated in the cardiac interstitium and myocytes, and moderate hypertrophy of the myocardial fibers and cardiac myocyte degeneration were observed. Although the total liver iron was not significantly altered by iron chelation therapy, image analysis demonstrated a difference in the efficacies of two iron chelators. The major site of chelation was the extracellular compartment, but treatment with deferiprone also resulted in intracellular iron chelation. Interestingly, iron chelators reversed the pathological changes resulting from iron overload in WT and BKO mice despite being used for only a short treatment period. We suggest that some of these effects may be secondary to the anti-inflammatory activity of the chelators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paranee Yatmark
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | | | - Urai Chaisri
- Department of Tropical Pathology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Surasak Wichaiyo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Warinkarn Hemstapat
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | | | - Saovaros Svasti
- Thalassemia Research Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73170 Thailand
| | - Suthat Fucharoen
- Thalassemia Research Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73170 Thailand
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Angthong C, Morales NP, Sutipornpalangkul W, Khadsongkram A, Pinsornsak P, Pongcharoen B. Can levels of antioxidants in synovial fluid predict the severity of primary knee osteoarthritis: a preliminary study. Springerplus 2013; 2:652. [PMID: 24349955 PMCID: PMC3862863 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-2-652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Little is known about differences in amounts of antioxidants or oxidative stress at different stages of knee osteoarthritis. This study investigated the relationship between concentrations of antioxidants, iron and lipid peroxidation in synovial fluid and levels of severity of primary knee osteoarthritis. Materials and methods From 2011 to 2013, 23 patients (mean age, 66.7 ± 7.6 years) with primary knee osteoarthritis were recruited. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on pre-treatment knee society scores (KSS): n = 9, severe KSS ≤46; and n = 14, mild-moderate KSS >46. Synovial fluid was analyzed to determine levels of antioxidants, iron concentrations and lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARs]). Baseline data, including Kellgren- Lawrence radiographic grade, were collected for all patients. Results Mean KSS was 49.1 ± 10.8. Total mean concentrations of antioxidants were 2.29 ± 1.71 ng/mL vitamin E and 0.47 ± 0.51 nmol/mL glutathione (GSH). Total mean levels of TBARs and iron were 1.20 ± 0.37 nmol/mL and 2.13 ± 0.82 μg/mL, respectively. The mean concentration of vitamin E was inversely related to severity of knee osteoarthritis (mild-moderate > severe, p = 0.006). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of GSH (p = 0.90), TBARs (p = 0.84) or iron levels (p = 0.27). There was a significant positive correlation between KSS and vitamin E concentration (r = 0.43, p = 0.04). No significant correlations were shown between KSS and GSH (r = -0.01, p = 0.97), TBARs (r = -0.06, p = 0.81) or iron level (r = 0.28, p = 0.20). Conclusion Using synovial fluid profiles, vitamin E concentration is an essential prognostic factor in primary knee osteoarthritis and may act as a basis for treatment directions. The concentration of vitamin E decreased as the clinical severity of primary knee osteoarthritis increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chayanin Angthong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | | | - Werasak Sutipornpalangkul
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anuwat Khadsongkram
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Piya Pinsornsak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Boonchana Pongcharoen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
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Meesarapee B, Thampithak A, Jaisin Y, Sanvarinda P, Suksamrarn A, Tuchinda P, Morales NP, Sanvarinda Y. Curcumin I mediates neuroprotective effect through attenuation of quinoprotein formation, p-p38 MAPK expression, and caspase-3 activation in 6-hydroxydopamine treated SH-SY5Y cells. Phytother Res 2013; 28:611-6. [PMID: 23857913 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Revised: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) selectively enters dopaminergic neurons and undergoes auto-oxidation resulting in the generation of reactive oxygen species and dopamine quinones, subsequently leading to apoptosis. This mechanism mimics the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and has been used to induce experimental Parkinsonism in both in vitro and in vivo systems. In this study, we investigated the effects of curcumin I (diferuloylmethane) purified from Curcuma longa on quinoprotein production, phosphorylation of p38 MAPK (p-p38), and caspase-3 activation in 6-OHDA-treated SH-SY5Y dopaminergic cells. Pretreatment of SH-SY5Y with curcumin I at concentrations of 1, 5, 10, and 20 μM, significantly decreased the formation of quinoprotein and reduced the levels of p-p38 and cleaved caspase-3 in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the levels of the dopaminergic neuron marker, phospho-tyrosine hydroxylase (p-TH), were also dose-dependently increased upon treatment with curcumin I. Our results clearly demonstrated that curcumin I protects neurons against oxidative damage, as shown by attenuation of p-p38 expression, caspase-3-activation, and toxic quinoprotein formation, together with the restoration of p-TH levels. This study provides evidence for the therapeutic potential of curcumin I in the chemoprevention of oxidative stress-related neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjawan Meesarapee
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Morales NP, Yamaguchi Y, Murakami K, Kosem N, Utsumi H. Hepatic reduction of carbamoyl-PROXYL in ferric nitrilotriacetate induced iron overloaded mice: an in vivo ESR study. Biol Pharm Bull 2012; 35:1035-40. [PMID: 22791149 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b110701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Reduction of a nitroxyl radical, carbamoyl-PROXYL in association of free radical production and hepatic glutathione (GSH) was investigated in iron overloaded mice using an in vivo L-band electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometer. Significant increases in hepatic iron, lipid peroxidation and decrease in hepatic GSH were observed in mice intraperitoneally (i.p.) administrated with ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe(III)-NTA, a total 45 µmol/mouse over a period of 3 weeks). Free radical production in iron overloaded mice was evidenced by significantly enhanced rate constant of ESR signal decay of carbamoyl-PROXYL, which was slightly reduced by treatment with iron chelator, deferoxamine. Moreover, the rate constant of ESR signal decay was negatively correlated with hepatic GSH level (r=-0.586, p<0.001). On the other hand, hepatic GSH-depletion (>80%) in mice through daily i.p. injection and drinking water supplementation of L-buthionine-[S,R]-sulfoximine (BSO) significantly retarded ESR signal decay, while there were no changes in serum aspartate aminotransferase and liver thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances levels. In conclusion, GSH plays two distinguish roles on ESR signal decay of carbamoyl-PROXYL, as an antioxidant and as a reducing agent, dependently on its concentration. Therefore, it should be taken into account in the interpretation of free radical production in each specific experimental setting.
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Kosem N, Naganuma T, Ichikawa K, Phumala Morales N, Yasukawa K, Hyodo F, Yamada KI, Utsumi H. Whole-body kinetic image of a redox probe in mice using Overhauser-enhanced MRI. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 53:328-36. [PMID: 22579576 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2011] [Revised: 04/23/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Overhauser-enhanced MRI (OMRI) enables visualization of free radicals in animals based on dynamic nuclear polarization. Real-time data of tissue redox status gathered from kinetic images of redox-sensitive nitroxyl radical probes using OMRI provided both anatomic and physiological information. Phantom experiments demonstrated the linear correlation between the enhancement factor and the concentration of a membrane-impermeable probe, carboxy-PROXYL (3-carboxy-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl- pyrrolidine-1-oxyl). Whole-body OMRI images illustrated the in vivo kinetics of carboxy-PROXYL for 25 min. Initial distribution was observed in lung, heart, liver, and kidney, but not brain, corresponding to its minimal lipophilicity. Based on these images (pixel size, 1.33 × 1.33 mm; slice thickness, 50mm), a time-concentration curve with low coefficient of variance (<0.21) was created to assess pharmacokinetic behaviors. A biexponential curve showed a distribution phase from 1 to 10 min and an elimination phase from 15 to 25 min. The α rate constant was greater than the β rate constant in ROIs, confirming that its pharmacokinetics obeyed a two-compartment model. As a noninvasive technique, combining OMRI imaging with redox probes to monitor tissue redox status may be useful in acquiring valuable information regarding organ function for preclinical and clinical studies of oxidative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuttavut Kosem
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Rodrat S, Yamanont P, Tankanitlert J, Chantraraksri U, Fucharoen S, Morales NP. Comparison of pharmacokinetics and urinary iron excretion of two single doses of deferiprone in β-thalassemia/hemoglobin E patients. Pharmacology 2012; 90:88-94. [PMID: 22759897 DOI: 10.1159/000339658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Dose-related pharmacokinetics and urinary iron excretion (UIE) of an orally active iron chelator, deferiprone (L1), was investigated in 12 severe β-thalassemia/hemoglobin E patients. The patients received two single doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg with a 2-week washout period. Deferiprone was rapidly absorbed and reached maximum concentration (C(max)) within 1 h after administration. Pharmacokinetic parameters including C(max) and area under concentration time curve from time zero to infinity (AUC(0-∞)) as well as urinary excretion of non-conjugated and glucuronide-conjugated deferiprone (L1 and L1-G) increased proportionally with the dose of deferiprone. A constant ratio of AUC(0-∞) of L1-G to L1 and a percentage of urinary excretion of L1-G indicated that increasing the dosage does not influence deferiprone biotransformation. Longer terminal elimination half-lifeand higher volume of distribution of L1 were observed with the high dose and correlated with deferiprone-chelated iron in serum. Unexpectedly, UIE did not show a linear relationship with the increased dose of deferiprone. The correlation between UIE and creatinine clearance suggested the possibility of L1-iron complex redistribution in patients with renal impairment treated with high-dose deferiprone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supot Rodrat
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Sutipornpalangkul W, Morales NP, Unchern S, Sanvarinda Y, Chantharaksri U, Fucharoen S. Vitamin E supplement improves erythrocyte membrane fluidity of thalassemia: an ESR spin labeling study. J Med Assoc Thai 2012; 95:29-36. [PMID: 22379738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beta-thalassemia/Hemoglobin E (beta-thal/Hb E) is prevalent in Thailand. The imbalance of globin chains in red blood cells is the primary cause of this anemic disease. The excess alpha-globin in beta-thal/Hb E causes typical damage(s) to membrane of erythroblasts and erythrocytes. By using three paramagnetic labeled compounds (5-, 12-, and 16-spin labeled stearic acids, SLS), the changes of the molecular motion in the lipid bilayer of thalassemic RBCs that have structural modification can be detected. OBJECTIVE to investigate erythrocyte membrane fluidity and the effect of vitamin E treatment in beta-thalassemia/Hemoglobin E patients by using spin labeling techniques. MATERIAL AND METHOD The erythrocyte membrane fluidity was investigated in nine splenectomized and five non-splenectomized beta-thalassemia/hemoglobin E (beta-thal/Hb E) patients using EPR spin labeling techniques. To determine the effect of vitamin E on erythrocyte membrane fluidity, only the splenectomized patients were enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups. The first group received 350 mg vitamin E daily for a period of 1 month (n = 5) and the second group received placebo for an equal period (n = 4). Three paramagnetic fatty acid, 5-, 12-, and 16-doxyl stearic acids, (5-, 12- and 16-DS) were used to label phospholipids layer near both the surface (5-DS) and the deeper hydrophobic region of membrane (12-and 16-DS). Lipid peroxidation (TBARs) was measured using a colorimetric method. Vitamin E was measured with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS Significantly higher values of erythrocyte membrane fluidity were revealed with 12-, 16-DS in splenectomized patients, as compared with non-splenectomized patients and normal subjects. In 3-thal/Hb E patients, fluidity values, both outer hyperfine splitting (2T(//)) and order parameter (S) of 12-DS showed inverse correlation with serum TBARs. There was no significant difference between the fluidity values measured with 5-DS. After vitamin E supplementation, the erythrocyte membrane fluidity was decreased in almost all patients. In contrast to the vitamin E supplementation group, increased erythrocyte membrane fluidity was demonstrated in the placebo group. Vitamin E supplementation also had effect on other clinical parameters such as increased plasma vitamin E, decreased serum TBARs and no change in hemoglobin. CONCLUSION The present results suggested the abnormal motion of lipid in the deeper phospholipids region of membrane. In addition, vitamin E supplementation may have a role in the prevention of erythrocyte membrane damage of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werasak Sutipornpalangkul
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Sinchai T, Plasen S, Sanvarinda Y, Jaisin Y, Govitrapong P, Morales NP, Ratanachamnong P, Plasen D. Caffeine potentiates methamphetamine-induced toxicity both in vitro and in vivo. Neurosci Lett 2011; 502:65-9. [PMID: 21803121 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2011.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2011] [Revised: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Ya-Ba, a combination of the two potent psychostimulants methamphetamine (METH) and caffeine (CAF), is commonly used by drug abusers in Thailand and neighboring countries. While the neurotoxic effects of METH are well documented, the toxicity of this combination is mostly unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of this particular drug combination using both in vitro and in vivo models. We found that combined treatment of METH and CAF at individually non-toxic concentrations significantly decreased viability of human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells. The reduction in cell survival was accompanied by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. In vivo data showed that combined administration of METH and CAF increased the mortality rate of rats, with an increase in the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), the indicator of oxidative stress, in striatal tissues. The results indicate that caffeine potentiates the toxic effects of methamphetamine, possibly via a mechanism involving an increase in dopamine release and excess ROS generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theerin Sinchai
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Saeaue L, Morales NP, Komalamisra N, Morales Vargas RE. Antioxidative systems defense against oxidative stress induced by blood meal in Aedes aegypti. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2011; 42:542-549. [PMID: 21706932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The release of iron from hemoglobin via the digestion of a blood meal in female mosquitoes can potentially induce oxidative damage and even death. These mosquitoes need an effective antioxidant to prevent this. We carried out this study to determine the antioxidant activities of ferritin, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and catalase, and glutathione (GSH). These enzymes had their greatest activity among 4 day old virgin female mosquitoes. Using a single blood feed model, groups of female mosquitoes were tested at 4, 7 and 20 days post-emergence. They were allowed to feed on a hamster for 1 hour. The engorged mosquitoes were collected at 48 and 72 hours after their blood meal. There were no changes in GSH, GPx, GST or catalase levels, but ferritin levels increased markedly (about 2-3 fold) by 48 hours post blood-feed in all mosquito age groups. On repeated blood-feed experiments, mosquitoes aged 4 days were blood fed, once every 3 days and were collected 48 hours after their most recent blood meal. A significant decrease in GSH and GPx activity and a further increase in ferritin, were detected. Ferritin levels were 0.19+/-0.03 and 0.14+/-0.02 ng/microg protein in the repeat and single blood-feed groups, respectively. These results suggest ferritin is an inducible, sensitive defense system protecting against oxidative stress caused by iron derived from blood meals in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalinthip Saeaue
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Limenta LMG, Jirasomprasert T, Jittangprasert P, Wilairat P, Yamanont P, Chantharaksri U, Fucharoen S, Morales NP. Pharmacokinetics of deferiprone in patients with β-thalassaemia: impact of splenectomy and iron status. Clin Pharmacokinet 2011; 50:41-50. [PMID: 21028920 DOI: 10.2165/11536630-000000000-00000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Iron-rich transfusions and/or a compensatory increase in iron absorption ultimately result in iron loading in patients with β-thalassaemia. Hence, without iron chelation, iron accumulates relentlessly. Deferiprone has been shown to be capable of reducing the iron burden in patients with β-thalassaemia. However, there is wide interpatient variation in deferiprone-induced urinary iron excretion (UIE). We hypothesized that splenectomy and iron status might influence the pharmacokinetic profiles of deferiprone in patients with β-thalassaemia/haemoglobin E, and the present study was aimed at examining this hypothesis. STUDY PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS Thirty-one patients with β-thalassaemia/haemoglobin E (20 splenectomized and 11 non-splenectomized patients) were enrolled in the study. After an overnight fast, the subjects received a single oral dose of deferiprone 25 mg/kg of bodyweight. Blood samples were collected pre-dosing and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360 and 480 minutes after dosing. Urine output was pooled and collected at 0-2, 2-4, 4-8, 8-12 and 12-24 hour intervals. Serum and urine concentrations of deferiprone and its metabolite deferiprone glucuronide were determined using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography method. Serum deferiprone-chelated iron and UIE were determined using a validated colourimetric method. RESULTS No significant difference in the pharmacokinetic parameters of non-conjugated deferiprone was observed between splenectomized and non-splenectomized patients. However, the maximum serum concentration (C(max)) and the area under the serum concentration-time curve (AUC) from time zero to infinity (AUC(∞)) values of deferiprone glucuronide were significantly lower (both p < 0.05) in splenectomized patients (median 53.2 μmol/L and 12 634 μmol • min/L, respectively) than in non-splenectomized patients (median 70.5 μmol/L and 20 601 μmol • min/L, respectively). The C(max) and the AUC from time zero to the time of the last measurable concentration (AUC(last)) values of serum deferiprone-chelated iron, as well as UIE, were significantly higher (p < 0.001) in splenectomized patients (median values 7.1 μmol/L, 1645 μmol • min/L and 77.1 μmol, respectively) than in non-splenectomized patients (median values 3.1 μmol/L, 545 μmol • min/L and 12.5 μmol, respectively). Urinary excretion of non-conjugated deferiprone and deferiprone glucuronide did not differ between the two groups. Further analyses using multiple linear regressions indicated that the iron profiles (non-transferrin-bound iron and ferritin) were significant predictors of the pharmacokinetic parameters of non-conjugated deferiprone, deferiprone-chelated iron and UIE. In addition, splenectomy status was identified as the strongest predictor of the AUC(last) of deferiprone-chelated iron and UIE. CONCLUSION Both iron and splenectomy status have significant effects on the pharmacokinetics and iron chelation efficacy of deferiprone. A greater degree of iron overload in splenectomized patients results in alterations in pharmacokinetic parameters (the C(max) and AUC) of deferiprone glucuronide and deferiprone-chelated iron, as well as a significant increase in UIE.
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Sutipornpalangkul W, Morales NP, Harnroongroj T. Free radicals in primary knee osteoarthritis. J Med Assoc Thai 2009; 92 Suppl 6:S268-S274. [PMID: 20120698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Free radicals have an important role in the pathogenesis of knee osteoarthritis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by abnormal chondrocyte metabolism exceeds the physiological buffering capacity and results in oxidative stress. The excessive production of ROS can damage proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and matrix components. They also serve as important intracellular signaling molecules that amplify the inflammatory response. An understanding of oxidative stress involved in this disease might allow the use of antioxidant therapies in the prevention and/or treatment of knee osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werasak Sutipornpalangkul
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Chumark P, Khunawat P, Sanvarinda Y, Phornchirasilp S, Morales NP, Phivthong-Ngam L, Ratanachamnong P, Srisawat S, Pongrapeeporn KUS. The in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant properties, hypolipidaemic and antiatherosclerotic activities of water extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves. J Ethnopharmacol 2008; 116:439-446. [PMID: 18249514 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2007] [Revised: 12/07/2007] [Accepted: 12/11/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Moringa oleifera is used in Thai traditional medicine as cardiotonic. Recent studies demonstrated its hypocholesterolaemic effect. However, to be clinically useful, more scientific data are needed. AIM OF THE STUDY We investigated the antioxidant, hypolipidaemic and antiatherosclerotic activities of Moringa oleifera leaf extract. MATERIALS AND METHODS Scavenging activity of the extract on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals (DPPH), and the inhibitory effect on Cu(2+)-induced low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation were determined in in vitro experiment. The effects of the extract on cholesterol levels, conjugated diene (CD) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and plaque formations in cholesterol-fed rabbits were investigated. RESULTS We found that in scavenging DPPH radicals the extract and Trolox had IC(50) of 78.15+/-0.92 and 2.14+/-0.12microg/ml, respectively. The extract significantly (P<0.05) prolonged the lag-time of CD formation and inhibited TBARS formation in both in vitro and ex vivo experiments in a dose-dependent manner. In hypercholesterol-fed rabbits, at 12 weeks of treatment, it significantly (P<0.05) lowered the cholesterol levels and reduced the atherosclerotic plaque formation to about 50 and 86%, respectively. These effects were at degrees comparable to those of simvastatin. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that this plant possesses antioxidant, hypolipidaemic and antiatherosclerotic activities and has therapeutic potential for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilaipark Chumark
- Department of Pharmacology, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
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Limenta LMG, Jirasomprasert T, Tankanitlert J, Svasti S, Wilairat P, Chantharaksri U, Fucharoen S, Morales NP. UGT1A6 genotype-related pharmacokinetics of deferiprone (L1) in healthy volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2008; 65:908-16. [PMID: 18318774 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2008.03103.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT UGT1A6 has been proposed as the predominant isoform responsible for the glucuronidation of deferiprone. UGT1A6*2 allele has been associated with the altered enzyme activity. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS There is no statistically significant effect of UGT1A6 genotype on the single-dose pharmacokinetics of deferiprone in healthy volunteers. Gender influences serum pharmacokinetics of deferiprone. Body iron stores reflected by serum ferritin levels may have an influence on the extent of extravascular deferiprone distribution. AIMS To examine the effects of UGT1A6 polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of deferiprone in healthy volunteers. METHODS Twenty-two healthy volunteers were enrolled and grouped according to UGT1A6 genotype. After an overnight fast, the subjects received a single oral dose of 25 mg kg(-1) deferiprone. Blood samples were collected at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 300 and 360 min after dosing. Urine output was collected at 0, 0-2, 2-4, 4-8, 8-12 and 12-24 h. Deferiprone (L1) and deferiprone-glucuronide (L1G) concentrations in serum and urine were determined using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography method. UGT1A6 genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. RESULTS No statistically significant differences in any pharmacokinetic parameters of either deferiprone or deferiprone-glucuronide among the genotype groups were noted. Likewise, there were no statistically significant differences in 24-h urinary deferiprone and deferiprone-glucuronide excretion among the genotype groups. Significant differences between men and women were found in AUC(0-infinity), V(d)/F, and CL/F of deferiprone. Gender differences in 24-h urinary deferiprone and its metabolite excretion, however, failed to reach statistical significance. The V(d)/F of deferiprone was found to correlate significantly with serum ferritin (r(s) = 0.665; P = 0.001). CONCLUSION The studied single nucleotide polymorphisms in UGT1A6 do not appear to exert statistically significant effects on the single-dose pharmacokinetics of deferiprone. Gender appears to influence the serum pharmacokinetics of deferiprone, but not urinary excretion of deferiprone and its metabolite. Body iron stores may have an influence on the extent of extravascular deferiprone distribution.
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Somparn P, Phisalaphong C, Nakornchai S, Unchern S, Morales NP. Comparative antioxidant activities of curcumin and its demethoxy and hydrogenated derivatives. Biol Pharm Bull 2007; 30:74-8. [PMID: 17202663 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.30.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The antioxidant activities of curcumin, its natural demethoxy derivatives (demethoxycurcumin, Dmc and bisdemethoxycurcumin, Bdmc) and metabolite hydrogenated derivatives (tetrahydrocurcumin, THC; hexahydrocurcumin, HHC; octahydrocurcumin; OHC) were comparatively studied using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DDPH) radical, 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane)dihydrochloride (AAPH) induced linoleic oxidation and AAPH induced red blood cell hemolysis assays. Hydrogenated derivatives of curcumin exhibited stronger DPPH scavenging activity compared to curcumin and a reference antioxidant, trolox. The scavenging activity significantly decreased in the order THC>HHC=OHC>trolox>curcumin>Dmc>>>Bdmc. Stronger antioxidant activities toward lipid peroxidation and red blood cell hemolysis were also demonstrated in the hydrogenated derivatives. By the model of AAPH induced linoleic oxidation, the stoichiometric number of peroxyl radical that can be trapped per molecule (n) of hydrogenated derivatives were 3.4, 3.8 and 3.1 for THC, HHC and OHC, respectively. The number (n) of curcumin and Dmc were 2.7 and 2.0, respectively, which are comparable to trolox, while it was 1.4 for Bdmc. The inhibition of AAPH induced red blood cell hemolysis significantly decreased in the order OHC>THC=HHC>trolox>curcumin=Dmc. Results in all models demonstrated the lower antioxidant activity of the demethoxy derivatives, suggesting the ortho-methoxyphenolic groups of curcumin are involved in antioxidant activities. On the other hand, hydrogenation at conjugated double bonds of the central seven carbon chain and beta diketone of curcumin to THC, HHC and OHC remarkably enhance antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poorichaya Somparn
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Phumala Morales N, Cherlermchoung C, Fucharoen S, Chantharaksri U. Paraoxonase and platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase activities in lipoproteins of β-thalassemia/hemoglobin E patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 45:884-9. [PMID: 17617032 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2007.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractClin Chem Lab Med 2007;45:884–9.
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Tankanitlert J, Morales NP, Howard TA, Fucharoen P, Ware RE, Fucharoen S, Chantharaksri U. Effects of Combined UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A1*28 and 1A6*2 on Paracetamol Pharmacokinetics in β-Thalassemia/HbE. Pharmacology 2006; 79:97-103. [PMID: 17164591 DOI: 10.1159/000097908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2006] [Accepted: 10/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In addition to pathophysiological changes, genetic variations can alter drug pharmacokinetics in patients with thalassemia. Numerous drugs are metabolized by UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGT) including paracetamol (PCM), a widely used analgesic. Co-occurrence of the UGT1A1 polymorphism (UGT1A1*28) and the UGT1A6 polymorphism (UGT1A6*2) may affect PCM glucuronidation. To elucidate the effect of these combined polymorphisms on the PCM metabolism in thalassemic patients, 15 beta-thalassemia/hemoglobin E subjects with three different UGT1A genotypes received a single oral dose of 1,000 mg PCM. Drug disposition was determined by HPLC. Patients who have UGT1A6*2 without UGT1A1*28 showed a significant, lower area under concentration-time curve (AUC(0)-->infinity) of PCM, PCM-glucuronide and PCM-sulfate than those of the patients with wild-type UGT1A1 and UGT1A6 (p < 0.05). In addition, a high elimination rate constant and clearance of PCM and its metabolites were also found in these patients (p < 0.05). Ourstudy suggests that a subtherapeutic level of PCM may occur in patients who have UGT1A6*2 without UGT1A1*28.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeeranut Tankanitlert
- Department of Pharmacology, Pramongkutklao College of Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Morales NP, Charlermchoung C, Luechapudiporn R, Yamanont P, Fucharoen S, Chantharaksri U. Lipid fluidity at different regions in LDL and HDL of β-thalassemia/Hb E patients. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 350:698-703. [PMID: 17027920 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.09.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2006] [Accepted: 09/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis-related vascular complications in beta-thalassemia/hemoglobin E (beta-thal/Hb E) patients may result from iron induced oxidation of lipoproteins. To identify the specific site of oxidative damage, changes in lipid fluidity at different regions in LDL and HDL particle were investigated using two fluorescence probes and two ESR spin probes. The magnitude of increased lipid fluidity in thalassemic lipoproteins was dependent on the location of the probes. In hydrophobic region, the rotational correlation times for 16-doxyl stearic acid and DPH anisotropy were markedly changed in LDL and HDL of the patients. In the surface region, there was only a slight change in the order parameter (S) for 5-doxyl stearic acid and TMA-DPH anisotropy. Lipid fluidity at the core of LDL and HDL showed good correlation with oxidative stress markers, the ratio of CL/CO, and the level of alpha-tocopherol, suggesting that hydrophobic region of thalassemic lipoprotein was a target site for oxidative damage.
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Luechapudiporn R, Morales NP, Fucharoen S, Chantharaksri U. The reduction of cholesteryl linoleate in lipoproteins: an index of clinical severity in beta-thalassemia/Hb E. Clin Chem Lab Med 2006; 44:574-81. [PMID: 16681427 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2006.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative modification of lipoproteins has been reported in beta-thalassemia and has been suggested to relate to atherogenesis-risk. This study focused on the change in cholesteryl esters in plasma lipoproteins under oxidative stress resulting from iron overload in beta-thalassemia/hemoglobin E (beta-thal/Hb E) patients. METHODS Markers of oxidative damage and cholesteryl esters (CEs) were measured in plasma and lipo-proteins from 30 beta-thal/Hb E patients and compared to those from 10 healthy volunteers. CEs in plasma, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were separated and identified using HPLC. RESULTS beta-Thal/Hb E patients presented iron overload, a precipitous decrease in alpha-tocopherol and increased lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances; TBARs) in both plasma and lipoproteins. Cholesteryl linoleate, the most abundant CE in lipoproteins, showed a reduction of 70% in LDL, while other CEs showed a lower reduction (50%). An inverse relationship between the cholesteryl linoleate/cholesteryl oleate ratio (CL/CO) and the degree of clinical severity suggested that the CL/CO ratio is an index of damaged lipoproteins and could be used as a pathologic marker of underlying iron overload. Good correlation of non-transferrin-bound iron (NTBI) and TBARs (r=0.8, p<0.01) in LDL strongly supported the contention that iron overload is responsible for initiating the lipid peroxidation in beta-thal/Hb E. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that cholesteryl linoleate is the primary target of oxidative modification induced by NTBI in beta-thal/Hb E patients and that reduction in cholesteryl linoleate in lipoproteins could be used as a severity index for beta-thal/Hb E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rataya Luechapudiporn
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Phyathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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Tankanitlert J, Howard TA, Temsakulphong A, Sirankapracha P, Morales NP, Sanvarinda Y, Fucharoen P, Ware RE, Fucharoen S, Chantharaksri U. A pharmacokinetic study of paracetamol in Thai β-thalassemia/HbE patients. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2006; 62:743-8. [PMID: 16845508 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-006-0167-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2005] [Accepted: 05/22/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thalassemia may alter the pharmacokinetics of several drugs in thalassemic patients. Paracetamol is a commonly used analgesic and antipyretic drug which is extensively metabolized in the liver via glucuronidation. The aim of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics of paracetamol (PCM) and its metabolites [paracetamol glucuronide (PCM-G), paracetamol sulfate (PCM-S), and paracetamol cysteine (PCM-C)] in 16 patients with 16 normal subjects. METHOD Following an overnight fast, a single dose of paracetamol (1,000 mg of Tylenol(R)) was given and blood samples were obtained at predose, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 9 h after dosing for determination of the plasma levels of PCM and its metabolites by high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS There was no significant difference in maximum concentration of PCM between groups. However, a significantly shorter elimination half-life of PCM was observed in the thalassemic subjects (p<0.001). Total apparent clearance of PCM was significantly faster in thalassemic subjects (p<0.01) while the apparent volume of distribution of PCM did not change. The area under the concentration time curve (AUC(0->infinity)) of PCM-G and PCM-S increased in thalassemic subjects (p<0.05) whereas this parameter for PCM-C was slightly lower in the patients. The half-lives of PCM metabolites were significantly shorter (p<0.01) in thalassemic subjects. CONCLUSION The results indicate that the elimination of PCM and its metabolites in thalassemic subjects is faster than that in normal subjects. Our pharmacokinetic data provide additional evidence that plasma PCM-G is higher in thalassemic patients with hyperbilirubinemia, which could be a casual relationship in regulating the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeeranut Tankanitlert
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Phayathai, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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Hirunpanich V, Utaipat A, Morales NP, Bunyapraphatsara N, Sato H, Herunsale A, Suthisisang C. Hypocholesterolemic and antioxidant effects of aqueous extracts from the dried calyx of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. in hypercholesterolemic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2006; 103:252-60. [PMID: 16213683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2005] [Revised: 07/26/2005] [Accepted: 08/09/2005] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the hypolipidemic effects and antioxidant effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (roselle) with regard to protection of LDL oxidation in vivo and ex vivo in rats made hypercholesterolemic by continuous cholesterol feeding. Administering the dried calyx extracts of roselle at doses of 500 and 1,000 mg/kg together with continuous cholesterol feeding to hypercholesterolemic rats for 6 weeks significantly decreased serum cholesterol level by 22% and 26%, respectively (p<0.001); serum triglycerides level by 33% and 28%, respectively (p<0.05); serum LDL level by 22% and 32%, respectively (p<0.05). However, serum HDL level was not affected. LDL was extracted from plasma of the hypercholesterolemic rats and the effects of the dried calyx extracts of roselle on the oxidation of LDL in vivo and ex vivo were examined. Six-week treatment with 250, 500 and 1,000 mg/kg of the extracts significantly decreased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) formation (p<0.05) while the formation of conjugated dienes during the oxidation of LDL induced by CuSO(4) was reduced, but not significantly different. These lines of evidence suggest that the aqueous extracts from the dried calyx of roselle possess both antioxidant effects against LDL oxidation and hypolipidemic effects in vivo. However, its mechanism(s) of action remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilasinee Hirunpanich
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Sriayudhaya Road, Rajadhevi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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Hirunpanich V, Utaipat A, Morales NP, Bunyapraphatsara N, Sato H, Herunsalee A, Suthisisang C. Antioxidant Effects of Aqueous Extracts from Dried Calyx of Hibiscus sabdariffa LINN. (Roselle) in Vitro Using Rat Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL). Biol Pharm Bull 2005; 28:481-4. [PMID: 15744073 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.28.481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study quantitatively investigated the antioxidant effects of the aqueous extracts from dried calyx of Hibiscus sabdariffa LINN. (roselle) in vitro using rat low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Formations of the conjugated dienes and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) were monitored as markers of the early and later stages of the oxidation of LDL, respectively. Thus, we demonstrated that the dried calyx extracts of roselle exhibits strong antioxidant activity in Cu(2+)-mediated oxidation of LDL (p<0.05) in vitro. The inhibitory effect of the extracts on LDL oxidation was dose-dependent at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 5 mg/ml. Moreover, 5 mg/ml of roselle inhibited TBARs-formation with greater potency than 100 microM of vitamin E. In conclusion, this study provides a quantitative insight into the potent antioxidant effect of roselle in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilasinee Hirunpanich
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Rajadhevi, Bangkok, Thailand
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