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Wongphutorn P, Noordin R, Anuar NS, Worasith C, Kopolrat KY, Homwong C, Tippayawat P, Techasen A, Pitaksakurat O, Sithithaworn J, Eamudomkarn C, Sithithaworn P. Examination of Diagnostic Performance of New IgG4 Rapid Test Compared with IgG- and IgG4-ELISAs to Investigate Epidemiology of Strongyloidiasis in Northeast Thailand. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2024; 110:254-262. [PMID: 38190756 PMCID: PMC10859814 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Strongyloidiasis, caused by Strongyloides stercoralis, is a neglected tropical disease with a global distribution. The infection can be fatal in immunocompromised individuals, and accurate diagnosis leading to timely treatment can save lives. Serodiagnosis is a sensitive method for diagnosis and is recommended for screening high-risk individuals. A point-of-care rapid test will facilitate the screening activities, especially in low-resource settings. This study aims to apply a new IgG4 immunochromatographic test using S. stercoralis recombinant antigen (SsRapid® cassette test) and to compare it with in-house IgG and IgG4 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (IgG- and IgG4-ELISAs) using native Strongyloides ratti antigen to investigate the epidemiology of strongyloidiasis in northeast Thailand. A total of 300 people participated, with 136 males and 164 females of a similar mean age. The reference tests were fecal examinations using the formalin-ethyl acetate concentration technique and an agar plate culture technique. The prevalence of S. stercoralis determined by SsRapid (81.7%) was significantly higher than that by fecal examinations (43.3%) or by antibody detection by IgG-ELISA (53.0%) or IgG4-ELISA (44.0%). The diagnostic sensitivities of SsRapid, IgG-ELISA, and IgG4-ELISA were found to be 93.9%, 77.7%, and 63.1%, respectively. The rate of positive tests by the SsRapid was significantly correlated to the levels of Strongyloides-specific IgG4 and IgG antibodies. By all diagnostic methods, male participants had a significantly higher prevalence of strongyloidiasis than females. Age was significantly associated with the concentration of specific serum IgG but not with the SsRapid grading score. In conclusion, SsRapid was shown to be a sensitive and valuable diagnostic test for the epidemiology study of strongyloidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rahmah Noordin
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Nor Suhada Anuar
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Chanika Worasith
- Department of Adult Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kulthida Y. Kopolrat
- Faculty of Public Health, Kasetsart University Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province Campus, Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
| | - Chutima Homwong
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Anchalee Techasen
- Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Opal Pitaksakurat
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Chatanun Eamudomkarn
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Paiboon Sithithaworn
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Srisrattakarn A, Charoensri N, Prompipak J, Ouancharee W, Saiboonjan B, Tippayawat P, Chanawong A, Wonglakorn L, Kanwattanee E, Piyapatthanakul S, Masmalai T, Ariyapim A, Kendal RP, Lulitanond A. Rapid detection of Staphylococcus aureus in blood culture samples using human IgG-based lateral flow assay. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0304623. [PMID: 38230955 PMCID: PMC10846088 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03046-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common pathogens. The conventional workflow for identifying this organism is time-consuming and takes up to several days. Therefore, we developed a colloidal gold-based lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) using human IgG as a conjugated antibody to detect S. aureus. One hundred and thirty-eight clinical isolates, including 79 S. aureus and 59 non-S. aureus were spiked in blood samples, and incubated at 37°C for 24 h. The bacterial antigens were simply extracted before being tested by the developed LFIA strips. The results were read by the naked eye within 15 min. Conventional PCR was used as a reference method. The sensitivity and specificity of the developed LFIA were 100% (95% CI: 94.2%-100.0% and 92.4%-100.0%, respectively) in spiked blood culture samples. The detection limits of the LFIA for the purified protein A and bacterial colonies were 10-3 µg/mL and 107 CFU/mL, respectively. The performance of the LFIA testing in 221 bacterial colony isolates and 118 positive blood culture bottles from three hospitals by their medical technologists showed 98.1% (95% CI: 94.1%-99.5%) and 89.7% (95% CI: 79.3%-95.4%) sensitivity, respectively. The LFIA is a quick, easy, and sensitive method for detecting S. aureus without expensive equipment. It might have the potential for early diagnosis of routine service in low-resource laboratories, leading to a rapid and effective treatment.IMPORTANCEIn this study, we modified our previously developed lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) test for the detection of Staphylococcus aureus by using an in-house human IgG as a conjugated antibody instead of the specific commercial antibody. It gave comparable results to the former developed-LFIA test and helped cost reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpasiri Srisrattakarn
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Nicha Charoensri
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Jeerati Prompipak
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Wajeeorn Ouancharee
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Bhanubong Saiboonjan
- Center for Innovation and Standard for Medical Technology and Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Aroonwadee Chanawong
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Lumyai Wonglakorn
- Clinical Microbiology Unit, Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Ekgarak Kanwattanee
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, The Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sirikan Piyapatthanakul
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, The Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thitimar Masmalai
- Clinical Laboratory, Queen Sirikit Heart Center of the Northeast, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Anisara Ariyapim
- Clinical Laboratory, Queen Sirikit Heart Center of the Northeast, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Aroonlug Lulitanond
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Wongphutorn P, Worasith C, Kopolrat KY, Homwong C, Sithithaworn J, Eamudomkarn C, Techasen A, Tippayawat P, Pitaksakurat O, Hongsrichan N, Crellen T, Sithithaworn P. Diagnostic performance of Strongyloides-specific IgG4 detection in urine for diagnosis of human strongyloidiasis. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:298. [PMID: 37641157 PMCID: PMC10464225 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05935-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Detection of parasite-specific IgG in urine is a sensitive method for diagnosis of strongyloidiasis and gives similar accuracy to serum IgG. However, there are no data concerning detection of IgG subclass in urine. To further explore the utility of diagnosis from urine samples, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of IgG4 in urine compared with parasitological and other immunological methods. METHODS The urine and sera included proven strongyloidiasis (group 1, n = 93), other parasitic infections (group 2, n = 40) and parasite negatives (group 3, n = 93). The performance of Strongyloides-specific IgG4 in urine for diagnosis of strongyloidiasis using fecal examinations as the reference standard was assessed. RESULTS With fecal examination as a gold standard, Strongyloides-specific IgG4 in urine had 91.4% sensitivity and 93.2% specificity while serum IgG4 had 93.6% sensitivity and 91.0% specificity. IgG4 in both urine and serum had almost perfect diagnostic agreements with fecal examination (Cohen's kappa coefficient was > 0.8). Cross-reactivity to Opisthorchis viverrini and Taenia spp. of IgG4 in urine were 7.5% and 12.5% in serum. Concurrent analyses of total IgG in urine and serum showed that the sensitivities (97.9-100%) and specificities (88.7-91.0%) were similar (P > 0.05). The sensitivity for parasitological examination by the formalin-ethyl acetate concentration technique (FECT) was 49.5% and that for agar plate culture technique (APC) it was 92.6%. CONCLUSION Our findings showed that specific IgG4 detection in urine yielded similar diagnostic performance to the same biomarkers in serum. This suggests that accurate diagnosis of strongyloidiasis can be performed using urine samples and IgG4 is a valid choice of diagnostic marker. Further assessment is required to assess the utility of urine IgG4 for measuring the response treatment in strongyloidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chanika Worasith
- Department of Adult Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kulthida Y Kopolrat
- Faculty of Public Health, Kasetsart University Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province Campus, Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
| | - Chutima Homwong
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Chatanun Eamudomkarn
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Anchalee Techasen
- Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Opal Pitaksakurat
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Nuttanan Hongsrichan
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Thomas Crellen
- School of Biodiversity One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Graham Kerr Building, Glasgow, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology, University of Glasgow, Sir Graeme Davies Building, Glasgow, UK
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Paiboon Sithithaworn
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
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Petsong K, Kaewthong P, Kingwascharapong P, Nilsuwan K, Karnjanapratum S, Tippayawat P. Potential of jackfruit inner skin fibre for encapsulation of probiotics on their stability against adverse conditions. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11158. [PMID: 37429933 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38319-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of jackfruit inner skin fibre (JS) incorporated with whey protein isolate (WPI) and soybean oil (SO) as a wall material for probiotic encapsulation to improve probiotic stability against freeze-drying and gastrointestinal (GI) tract conditions. Bifidobacterium bifidum TISTR2129, Bifidobacterium breve TISTR2130, and Lactobacillus acidophilus TISTR1338 were studied in terms of SCFA production and the antibiotic-resistant profile and in an antagonistic assay to select suitable strains for preparing a probiotic cocktail, which was then encapsulated. The results revealed that B. breve and L. acidophilus can be used effectively as core materials. JS showed the most influential effect on protecting probiotics from freeze-drying. WPI:SO:JS at a ratio of 3.9:2.4:3.7 was the optimized wall material, which provided an ideal formulation with 83.1 ± 6.1% encapsulation efficiency. This formulation presented > 50% probiotic survival after exposure to gastro-intestinal tract conditions. Up to 77.8 ± 0.1% of the encapsulated probiotics survived after 8 weeks of storage at refrigeration temperature. This study highlights a process and formulation to encapsulate probiotics for use as food supplements that could provide benefits to human health as well as an alternative approach to reduce agricultural waste by increasing the value of jackfruit inner skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kantiya Petsong
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Pensiri Kaewthong
- Department of Agro-Industry, School of Agricultural Technology, Food Technology and Innovation Research Centre of Excellence, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80161, Thailand
| | | | - Krisana Nilsuwan
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Supatra Karnjanapratum
- Food Innovation and Packaging Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50100, Thailand
| | - Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
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Phung LT, Kitwetcharoen H, Chamnipa N, Boonchot N, Thanonkeo S, Tippayawat P, Klanrit P, Yamada M, Thanonkeo P. Changes in the chemical compositions and biological properties of kombucha beverages made from black teas and pineapple peels and cores. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7859. [PMID: 37188725 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34954-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Several raw materials have been used as partial supplements or entire replacements for the main ingredients of kombucha to improve the biological properties of the resulting kombucha beverage. This study used pineapple peels and cores (PPC), byproducts of pineapple processing, as alternative raw materials instead of sugar for kombucha production. Kombuchas were produced from fusions of black tea and PPC at different ratios, and their chemical profiles and biological properties, including antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, were determined and compared with the control kombucha without PPC supplementation. The results showed that PPC contained high amounts of beneficial substances, including sugars, polyphenols, organic acids, vitamins, and minerals. An analysis of the microbial community in a kombucha SCOBY (Symbiotic Cultures of Bacteria and Yeasts) using next-generation sequencing revealed that Acetobacter and Komagataeibacter were the most predominant acetic acid bacteria. Furthermore, Dekkera and Bacillus were also the prominent yeast and bacteria in the kombucha SCOBY. A comparative analysis was performed for kombucha products fermented using black tea and a fusion of black tea and PPC, and the results revealed that the kombucha made from the black tea and PPC infusion exhibited a higher total phenolic content and antioxidant activity than the control kombucha. The antimicrobial properties of the kombucha products made from black tea and the PPC infusion were also greater than those of the control. Several volatile compounds that contributed to the flavor, aroma, and beneficial health properties, such as esters, carboxylic acids, phenols, alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones, were detected in kombucha products made from a fusion of black tea and PPC. This study shows that PPC exhibits high potential as a supplement to the raw material infusion used with black tea for functional kombucha production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ly Tu Phung
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Haruthairat Kitwetcharoen
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Nuttaporn Chamnipa
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Nongluck Boonchot
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Sudarat Thanonkeo
- Walai Rukhavej Botanical Research Institute, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, Thailand
| | | | - Preekamol Klanrit
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Fermentation Research Center for Value Added Agricultural Products (FerVAAPs), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Mamoru Yamada
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, 753-8315, Japan
- Research Center for Thermotolerant Microbial Resources, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, 753-8315, Japan
| | - Pornthap Thanonkeo
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
- Fermentation Research Center for Value Added Agricultural Products (FerVAAPs), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
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Wuttisiriboon K, Tippayawat P, Daduang J, Limpaiboon T. Three-dimensional silk fibroin-gelatin/chondroitin sulfate/hyaluronic acid-aloe vera scaffold supports in vitro chondrogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and reduces inflammatory effect. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023. [PMID: 36988305 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
A limited self-healing ability of injured articular cartilage results in osteoarthritis and a joint dysfunction afterward. Cartilage tissue engineering is a promising approach to increase the treatment efficiency. Moreover, host response to implanted biomaterial has been increasingly concerned. Thus, this study aimed to establish three-dimensional (3D) scaffold that could support cartilage tissue engineering and reduce inflammatory. The various ratios of silk fibroin (SF), gelatin (G), chondroitin sulfate (C), hyaluronic acid (H), and aloe vera (A) were used to fabricate 3D scaffolds by lyophilization, designated as SF, SF-A, SF-gelatin/chondroitin sulfate/hyaluronic acid (GCH)-A-411, and SF-GCH-A-111. The physical and biological characteristics of the scaffolds were investigated. All scaffolds possessed interconnected porous structures, which the highest pore size of 209 μm was found in SF and SF-GCH-A-411 scaffolds. Moreover, high porosity, high water uptake, and good mechanical strength were observed in the SF-GCH-A-411 scaffold. The SF, SF-A, and SF-GCH-A-411 scaffolds could retain their structures up to 21 days, while SF-GCH-A-111 was rapidly degraded. The proliferation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) was significantly higher in SF-A and SF-GCH-A-411 than in the SF scaffold. Besides, the SF-A and SF-GCH-A-411 revealed significantly lower expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-1 beta than the SF scaffold, suggesting the beneficial role of aloe vera in anti-inflammatory effect. Furthermore, the SF-GCH-A-411 scaffold could support chondrogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs. In conclusion, based on its superior physical and biological characteristics that support chondrogenesis of BM-MSCs, the SF-GCH-A-411 scaffold is recommended for cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- School of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Jureerut Daduang
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Temduang Limpaiboon
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Wuttisiriboon K, Tippayawat P, Daduang J, Limpaiboon T. Ca 2+/Calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase II Inhibitor KN-93 Enhances Chondrogenesis of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Delays Chondrogenic Hypertrophy. In Vivo 2023; 37:667-678. [PMID: 36881077 PMCID: PMC10026659 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.13127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Cartilage tissue engineering has been popularly applied in the treatment of articular cartilage defect because it is more effective in generating functional engineered cartilage than traditional methods. Although the chondrogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) is well established, it is often accompanied by undesired hypertrophy. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a crucial mediator in the ion channel pathway which is known to be involved in chondrogenic hypertrophy. Therefore, this study aimed to reduce the hypertrophy of BM-MSCs by inhibiting CaMKII activation. MATERIALS AND METHODS BM-MSCs were cultured in three-dimensional (3D) scaffold under chondrogenic induction with and without CaMKII inhibitor, KN-93. After cultivation, markers of chondrogenesis and hypertrophy were investigated. RESULTS KN-93 at a concentration of 2.0 μM had no effect on the viability of BM-MSCs, while the activation of CaMKII was suppressed. A long period of KN-93 treatment significantly up-regulated the expression of SRY-box transcription factor 9 and aggrecan on day 28 compared to untreated BM-MSCs. Furthermore, KN-93 treatment significantly down-regulated the expression of RUNX family transcription factor 2 and collagen type X alpha 1 chain on days 21 and 28. Immunohistochemistry showed increased expression of aggrecan and type II collagen while the expression of type X collagen was reduced. CONCLUSION A CaMKII inhibitor, KN-93 is able to enhance chondrogenesis of BM-MSCs and suppress chondrogenic hypertrophy, suggesting its potential applicability in cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- School of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Jureerut Daduang
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Temduang Limpaiboon
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Teeravirote K, Sutthanut K, Thonsri U, Mahalapbutr P, Seubwai W, Luang S, Tippayawat P, Kanthawong S, Pipattanaboon C, Duangjinda M, Chankitisakul V, Silsirivanit A. Anserine/Carnosine-Rich Extract from Thai Native Chicken Suppresses Melanogenesis via Activation of ERK Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2022; 27:7440. [PMID: 36364267 PMCID: PMC9659164 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin hyperpigmentation is an aesthetic problem that leads to psychosocial issues. Thus, skin whitening agents from agro- and poultry-industrial co-products are considered high economic value ingredients of interest for sustainable application. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the cosmeceutical potential of anserine/carnosine-rich chicken extract (ACCE) from the Thai native chicken Pradu Hang Dam Mor Kor 55 (PD) meat. The chemical composition was identified and quantified using the HPLC-UV method. Then, the antioxidation potential of the extract was compared to that of L-anserine and L-carnosine, using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay and shikonin-induced production of reactive oxygen species in CCD-986Sk cell models, and the anti-melanogenesis effect in the MNT-1 melanoma cell line model was investigated. Furthermore, related mechanisms were identified using colorimetric tyrosinase assay and the Western blot technique. The ACCE was composed of L-anserine and L-carnosine as two major constituents. In a dose-dependent manner, ACCE, L-anserine, and L-carnosine manifested significant antioxidation potential and significant reduction of melanin production. Activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway and inhibition of tyrosinase activity of ACCE were demonstrated as the mechanisms of the anti-melanogenesis effect. In conclusion, ACCE has been revealed as a potential cosmeceutical agent due to its antioxidation and anti-melanogenic activity in association with L-anserine and L-carnosine composition and biomolecular regulating ability. Therefore, further studies and development should be considered to support the utilization of anserine/carnosine-rich chicken extract in the cosmetic industry for economic value creation and sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karuntarat Teeravirote
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Khaetthareeya Sutthanut
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Unchalee Thonsri
- Faculty of Medicine, Bangkokthonburi University, Bangkok 10170, Thailand
| | - Panupong Mahalapbutr
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Wunchana Seubwai
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sukanya Luang
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sakawrat Kanthawong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Chonlatip Pipattanaboon
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Monchai Duangjinda
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Vibuntita Chankitisakul
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Atit Silsirivanit
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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Hemwaranon P, Srisrattakarn A, Lulitanond A, Tippayawat P, Tavichakorntrakool R, Wonglakorn L, Daduang J, Chanawong A. Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Combined with Lateral Flow Strip for Rapid Detection of OXA-48-like Carbapenemase Genes in Enterobacterales. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11111499. [PMID: 36358154 PMCID: PMC9686806 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11111499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) possessing various carbapenemases, particularly the OXA-48 group, are now rapidly spreading and becoming a major public health concern worldwide. Phenotypic detection of OXA-48-like carbapenemases is still suboptimal due to their weak carbapenemase activity, whereas highly sensitive and specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods take at least 3–4 h. We, therefore, developed a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) combined with lateral flow (LF) strip assay for the rapid detection of blaOXA-48-like in Enterobacterales. A total of 131 clinical isolates including 61 blaOXA-48-like-carrying Enterobacterales isolates and 70 Gram-negative bacilli isolates containing other bla genes were subjected to the RPA method performed under isothermal conditions at 37 °C within 10 min and visually inspected by LF strip within 5 min. The RPA-LF assay provided 100% sensitivity (95% confidence interval, 92.6–100%) and 100% specificity (93.5–100%) for detecting blaOXA-48-like genes from bacterial colonies. Its detection limit was 100 times less than that of the PCR method. This assay is rapid, easy to perform, and provides excellent performance without any special equipment. It may be applied for directly identifying the blaOXA-48-like genes in Enterobacterales obtained from blood culture. Rapid identification of carbapenemase types is essential for selecting appropriate antimicrobial options, particularly the β-lactams combined with novel β-lactamase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phatsarawadee Hemwaranon
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Arpasiri Srisrattakarn
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Aroonlug Lulitanond
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Ratree Tavichakorntrakool
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Lumyai Wonglakorn
- Clinical Microbiology Unit, Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Jureerut Daduang
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Aroonwadee Chanawong
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-(0)-4320-2086
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10
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Ngernpimai S, Srijampa S, Thongmee P, Teerasong S, Puangmali T, Maleewong W, Chompoosor A, Tippayawat P. Insight into the Covalently Oriented Immobilization of Antibodies on Gold Nanoparticle Probes to Improve Sensitivity in the Colorimetric Detection of Listeria monocytogenes. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:2103-2112. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sawinee Ngernpimai
- Center for Innovation and Standard for Medical Technology and Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sukanya Srijampa
- Biosensor Research Group for Non-Communicable Disease and Infectious Disease, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Patsara Thongmee
- Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Saowapak Teerasong
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Analytical Chemistry Research Unit, School of Science, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Theerapong Puangmali
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Wanchai Maleewong
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Mekong Health Science Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Apiwat Chompoosor
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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11
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Wandee R, Sutthanut K, Songsri J, Sonsena S, Krongyut O, Tippayawat P, Tukummee W, Rittirod T. Tamarind Seed Coat: A Catechin-Rich Source with Anti-Oxidation, Anti-Melanogenesis, Anti-Adipogenesis and Anti-Microbial Activities. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165319. [PMID: 36014557 PMCID: PMC9415986 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tamarindus indica L. or tamarind seed is an industrial by-product of interest to be investigated for its potential and value-added application. An ethanolic tamarind seed coat (TS) extract was prepared using the maceration technique and used to determine the phytochemical composition and bioactivities. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined using colorimetric methods; moreover, chemical constituents were identified and quantified compared to the standard compounds using the HPLC-UV DAD technique. Bioactivities were investigated using various models: antioxidative activity in a DPPH assay model, anti-melanogenesis in B16 melanoma cells, anti-adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, and anti-microbial activity against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, and C. albican using agar disc diffusion and microdilution methods. The results manifested a high content of catechin as a chemical constituent and multiple beneficiary bioactivities of TS extract, including superior antioxidation to ascorbic acid and catechin, comparable anti-melanogenesis to deoxyarbutin, and significant anti-adipogenesis through inhibition of pre-adipocyte differentiation and reduction of lipid and triglyceride accumulation, and a broad spectral anti-microbial activity with a selectively high susceptibility to S. aureus when compared to 1% Parabens. Conclusively, TS extract has been revealed as a potential bioactive agent as well as an alternative preservative for application in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical product development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roongrawee Wandee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Human High Performance & Health Promotion Research Institute: HHP&HP Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Khaetthareeya Sutthanut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Human High Performance & Health Promotion Research Institute: HHP&HP Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-43202378
| | - Jenjira Songsri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Human High Performance & Health Promotion Research Institute: HHP&HP Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Siriyakorn Sonsena
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Human High Performance & Health Promotion Research Institute: HHP&HP Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Ornnicha Krongyut
- Bachelor of Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Science, Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon Thani 41000, Thailand
| | | | - Wipawee Tukummee
- Human High Performance & Health Promotion Research Institute: HHP&HP Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Department of Physiology (Neuroscience Program), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Theera Rittirod
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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Lertpanprom M, Silsirivanit A, Tippayawat P, Proungvitaya T, Roytrakul S, Proungvitaya S. High expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor S (PTPRS) is an independent prognostic marker for cholangiocarcinoma. Front Public Health 2022; 10:835914. [PMID: 35991009 PMCID: PMC9387352 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.835914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive tumor of the bile duct with a high rate of mortality. Lymph node metastasis is an important factor facilitating the progression of CCA. A reliable biomarker for diagnosis, progression status, or prognosis of CCA is still lacking. To identify a novel and reliable biomarker for diagnosis/prognosis of CCA, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in combination with bioinformatics analysis were applied for the representative serum samples of patients with CCA. The proteome results showed that protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor S (PTPRS) had the highest potential candidate. Then, a dot blot assay was used to measure the level of serum PTPRS in patients with CCA (n = 80), benign biliary disease patients (BBD; n = 39), and healthy controls (HC; n = 55). PTPRS level of CCA sera (14.38 ± 9.42 ng/ml) was significantly higher than that of BBD (10.7 ± 5.05 ng/ml) or HC (6 ± 3.73 ng/ml) (P < 0.0001). PTPRS was associated with serum albumin (P = 0.028), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.038), and the survival time of patients (P = 0.011). Using a log-rank test, higher serum PTPRS level was significantly (P = 0.031) correlated with a longer overall survival time of patients with CCA, and PTPRS was an independent prognostic marker for CCA superior to carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) or alkaline phosphatase (ALP). High expression of PTPRS could be a good independent prognostic marker for CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muntinee Lertpanprom
- Centre of Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Atit Silsirivanit
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- Centre of Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Tanakorn Proungvitaya
- Centre of Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Siriporn Proungvitaya
- Centre of Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Siriporn Proungvitaya
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13
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Srisrattakarn A, Panpru P, Tippayawat P, Chanawong A, Tavichakorntrakool R, Daduang J, Wonglakorn L, Lulitanond A. Rapid detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in positive blood-cultures by recombinase polymerase amplification combined with lateral flow strip. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270686. [PMID: 35771885 PMCID: PMC9246191 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus, especially methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), is an important bacterium that causes community and healthcare-related infections throughout the world. However, the current conventional detection methods are time-consuming. We therefore developed and evaluated a recombinase polymerase amplification-lateral flow strip (RPA-LF) approach for detection of MRSA in positive blood-culture samples. Sixty positive blood-cultures from a hospital were tested directly without DNA extraction and purification before the amplification reaction. RPA primers and probes were designed for nuc (encoding thermonuclease) and mecA (encoding penicillin-binding protein 2a) genes to diagnose S. aureus and its methicillin-resistance status. The RPA reaction occurred under isothermal conditions (45°C) within 20 min and a result was provided by the LF strip in a further 5 min at room temperature. The evaluation of RPA-LF using blood-culture samples showed 93.3% (14/15) sensitivity for identifying S. aureus, and no cross-amplification was seen [100% (45/45) specificity]. For detection of methicillin resistance, the RPA-LF test provided 100% (16/16) sensitivity and 97.7% (43/44) specificity. The RPA-LF is rapid, highly sensitive, robust and easy to use. It can be used for direct detection of MRSA with no requirement for special equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpasiri Srisrattakarn
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Pimchanok Panpru
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Aroonwadee Chanawong
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Ratree Tavichakorntrakool
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Jureerut Daduang
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Lumyai Wonglakorn
- Clinical Microbiology Unit, Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Aroonlug Lulitanond
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- * E-mail:
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14
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Tippayawat P, Vongnarkpetch C, Papalee S, Srijampa S, Boonmars T, Meethong N, Phanthanawiboon S. Disinfection efficiency test for contaminated surgical mask by using Ozone generator. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:234. [PMID: 35255835 PMCID: PMC8900110 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07227-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ozone (O3) is an effective disinfectant agent that leaves no harmful residues. Due to the global health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, surgical masks are in high demand, with some needing to be reused in certain regions. This study aims to evaluate the effects of O3 for pathogen disinfection on reused surgical masks in various conditions. METHODS O3 generators, a modified PZ 2-4 for Air (2000 mg O3/L) and a modified PZ 7 -2HO for Air (500 mg O3/L), were used together with 1.063 m3 (0.68 × 0.68 × 2.3 m) and 0.456 m3 (0.68 × 0.68 × 1.15 m) acrylic boxes as well as a room-sized 56 m3 (4 × 4 × 3.5 m) box to provide 3 conditions for the disinfection of masks contaminated with enveloped RNA virus (105 FFU/mL), bacteria (103 CFU/mL) and fungi (102 spores/mL). RESULTS The virucidal effects were 82.99% and 81.70% after 15 min of treatment with 2000 mg/L O3 at 1.063 m3 and 500 mg/L O3 at 0.456 m3, respectively. The viral killing effect was increased over time and reached more than 95% after 2 h of incubation in both conditions. By using 2000 mg/L O3 in a 1.063 m3 box, the growth of bacteria and fungi was found to be completely inhibited on surgical masks after 30 min and 2 h of treatment, respectively. Using a lower-dose O3 generator at 500 mg O3/L in 0.456 m3 provided lower efficiency, although the difference was not significant. Using O3 at 2000 mg O3/L or 500 mg O3/L in a 56 m3 room is efficient for the disinfection of all pathogens on the surface of reused surgical masks. CONCLUSIONS This study provided the conditions for using O3 (500-2000 mg/L) to reduce pathogens and disinfect contaminated surgical masks, which might be applied to reduce the inappropriate usage of reused surgical masks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | | | - Saitharn Papalee
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases (RCEID), Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Sukanya Srijampa
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Thidarut Boonmars
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Nonglak Meethong
- Materials Science and Nanotechnology Program, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Supranee Phanthanawiboon
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand. .,Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases (RCEID), Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
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15
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Dobutr T, Kantamala W, Phimwapi S, Jangpromma N, Tippayawat P, Boonlue S, Daduang J, Klaynongsruang S, Poopornchai S, Daduang S. The effects of edible bird’s nest on T-lymphocyte proliferation, secondary lymphoid organs, and interleukin-2 production. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.104977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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16
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Praja RK, Wongwattanakul M, Tippayawat P, Phoksawat W, Jumnainsong A, Sornkayasit K, Leelayuwat C. Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) Spectroscopy Discriminates the Elderly with a Low and High Percentage of Pathogenic CD4+ T Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030458. [PMID: 35159268 PMCID: PMC8834052 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the aging process, the presence of interleukin (IL)-17-producing CD4+CD28-NKG2D+T cells (called pathogenic CD4+ T cells) is strongly associated with inflammation and the development of various diseases. Thus, their presence needs to be monitored. The emergence of attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy empowered with machine learning is a breakthrough in the field of medical diagnostics. This study aimed to discriminate between the elderly with a low percentage (LP; ≤3%) and a high percentage (HP; ≥6%) of pathogenic CD4+CD28-NKG2D+IL17+ T cells by utilizing ATR-FTIR coupled with machine learning algorithms. ATR spectra of serum, exosome, and HDL from both groups were explored in this study. Only exosome spectra in the 1700–1500 cm−1 region exhibited possible discrimination for the LP and HP groups based on principal component analysis (PCA). Furthermore, partial least square-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) could differentiate both groups using the 1700–1500 cm−1 region of exosome ATR spectra with 64% accuracy, 69% sensitivity, and 61% specificity. To obtain better classification performance, several spectral models were then established using advanced machine learning algorithms, including J48 decision tree, support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and neural network (NN). Herein, NN was considered to be the best model with an accuracy of 100%, sensitivity of 100%, and specificity of 100% using serum spectra in the region of 1800–900 cm−1. Exosome spectra in the 1700–1500 and combined 3000–2800 and 1800–900 cm−1 regions using the NN algorithm gave the same accuracy performance of 95% with a variation in sensitivity and specificity. HDL spectra with the NN algorithm also showed excellent test performance in the 1800–900 cm−1 region with 97% accuracy, 100% sensitivity, and 95% specificity. This study demonstrates that ATR-FTIR coupled with machine learning algorithms can be used to study immunosenescence. Furthermore, this approach can possibly be applied to monitor the presence of pathogenic CD4+ T cells in the elderly. Due to the limited number of samples used in this study, it is necessary to conduct a large-scale study to obtain more robust classification models and to assess the true clinical diagnostic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rian Ka Praja
- Biomedical Sciences Program, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
- The Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (M.W.); (P.T.); (A.J.); (K.S.)
| | - Molin Wongwattanakul
- The Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (M.W.); (P.T.); (A.J.); (K.S.)
| | - Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- The Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (M.W.); (P.T.); (A.J.); (K.S.)
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Wisitsak Phoksawat
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
- Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Amonrat Jumnainsong
- The Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (M.W.); (P.T.); (A.J.); (K.S.)
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Sciences, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Kanda Sornkayasit
- The Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (M.W.); (P.T.); (A.J.); (K.S.)
| | - Chanvit Leelayuwat
- The Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (M.W.); (P.T.); (A.J.); (K.S.)
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Sciences, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Correspondence:
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17
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Wongthong S, Kamonsutthipaijit N, Kaewhan C, Chanawong A, Tippayawat P, Lulitanond A. Preliminary study on small angle X-ray scattering patterns of intact vancomycin susceptible and non-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus cells. ScienceAsia 2022. [DOI: 10.2306/scienceasia1513-1874.2022.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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18
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Panpru P, Srisrattakarn A, Panthasri N, Tippayawat P, Chanawong A, Tavichakorntrakool R, Daduang J, Wonglakorn L, Lulitanond A. Rapid detection of Enterococcus and vancomycin resistance using recombinase polymerase amplification. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12561. [PMID: 34966584 PMCID: PMC8663621 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), especially Enterococcus faecium, have been a global concern, often causing serious healthcare-associated infections. We established a rapid approach for detecting E. faecium and vancomycin-resistance genes (vanA and vanB) in clinical samples using isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) combined with a lateral-flow (LF) strip. Specific RPA primer sets and probes for ddl (to identify the presence of E. faecium) vanA and vanB genes were designed. The RPA reaction was performed under isothermal condition at 37 °C within 20 min and read using the LF strip within a further 5 min. A total of 141 positive blood-cultures and 136 stool/rectal swab samples were tested using RPA-LF method compared to the conventional PCR method. The RPA-LF method exhibited 100% sensitivity in both blood-culture (60 E. faecium; 35 vanA type and two vanB type) and stool/rectal-swab samples (63 E. faecium and 36 vanA type) without cross-reaction (100% specificity). The lower detection limit of the RPA-LF was approximately 10 times better than that of the conventional PCR method. The RPA-LF method is an alternative rapid method with excellent sensitivity and specificity for detecting E. faecium, vanA, and vanB, and it has the potential to be used as a point-of-care device for VRE therapy and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pimchanok Panpru
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Arpasiri Srisrattakarn
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Aroonwadee Chanawong
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Ratree Tavichakorntrakool
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Jureerut Daduang
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Lumyai Wonglakorn
- Clinical Microbiology Unit, Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Aroonlug Lulitanond
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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19
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Wongthong S, Taron W, Chanawong A, Tippayawat P, Pongdontri P, Srisrattakarn A, Panpru P, Lulitanond A. Effect of Vancomycin on Cellular Fatty Acid Profiles of Vancomycin-Susceptible and Nonsusceptible Staphylococcus aureus. Microb Drug Resist 2021; 28:267-273. [PMID: 34748415 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2021.0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vancomycin is widely used for treatment of infection caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) leading to an increasing appearance of low-level vancomycin-resistant isolates called heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (hVISA). The mechanism of vancomycin tolerance in hVISA is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the fatty acid compositions of S. aureus isolates under the stress environment with vancomycin. The different responses of hVISA and vancomycin-susceptible S. aureus (VSSA) may lead to more understanding the mechanism. The bacterial lipid profiles were tested three times from three extractions of each isolate cultured on tryptic soy agar (TSA) and TSA with vancomycin. Of the 30 MRSA isolates studied, 13, 12, and 5 isolates were VSSA, hVISA, and VISA, respectively. The analysis of bacterial lipid profiles showed that under vancomycin stress, there was a reduction of straight chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in VSSA isolates but an increase in branched chain fatty acids (BCFAs). In contrast, the hVISA group exhibited an increase only in the BCFAs but not in SCFAs. Of interest, vancomycin had no effect on either BCFAs or SCFAs of the VISA cells. This study provided information of bacterial adaptation during stress with vancomycin that may be helpful to overcome the resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujintana Wongthong
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Faculty of Medical Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima College, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Wichit Taron
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Aroonwadee Chanawong
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Paweena Pongdontri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Arpasiri Srisrattakarn
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Pimchanok Panpru
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Aroonlug Lulitanond
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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20
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Sranujit RP, Noysang C, Tippayawat P, Kooltheat N, Luetragoon T, Usuwanthim K. Phytochemicals and Immunomodulatory Effect of Nelumbo nucifera Flower Extracts on Human Macrophages. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:2007. [PMID: 34685815 PMCID: PMC8537166 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This research characterizes phytochemicals inherent in lotus flower and investigates the antioxidant and immunomodulatory activity of ethyl acetate (EA) and ethyl alcohol (ET) lotus petal extracts. In the experiment, human monocytes-derived macrophages were stimulated by lipopoly-saccharide to mimic bacteria-induced inflammation. The results showed that ferulic acid, couma-rin, and chlorogenic acid were three dominant polyphenols. The EA and ET lotus petal extracts also possessed high antioxidant capability. Furthermore, the extracts exhibited immunomodulatory properties by suppressing TNF-α secretion in inflammatory-induced human macrophages by in-hibiting NF-κB-dependent inflammatory response. In essence, the lotus petal extracts possess reme-dial attributes beneficial to individuals afflicted with declined immune functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rungnapa Pankla Sranujit
- Faculty of Integrative Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani 12130, Thailand;
| | - Chanai Noysang
- Faculty of Integrative Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani 12130, Thailand;
| | - Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Nateelak Kooltheat
- Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand;
| | - Thitiya Luetragoon
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Research Unit, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand; (T.L.); (K.U.)
| | - Kanchana Usuwanthim
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Research Unit, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand; (T.L.); (K.U.)
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21
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Srisrattakarn A, Chaiyapoke C, Booncharoen S, Wongthong S, Chanawong A, Tippayawat P, Tavichakorntrakool R, Lulitanond A. Synergistic effect of vancomycin combined with cefotaxime, imipenem, or meropenem against Staphylococcus aureus with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin. Turk J Med Sci 2021; 51:2150-2158. [PMID: 33705643 PMCID: PMC8569772 DOI: 10.3906/sag-1910-166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aim We investigated the synergistic effect between vancomycin and β-lactams against vancomycin-susceptible (VSSA) and nonsusceptible MRSA isolates [heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (hVISA) and VISA]. Materials and methods A total of 29 MRSA, including 6 VISA, 14 hVISA, and 9 VSSA isolates, were subjected to a microbroth dilution-minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) checkerboard using vancomycin combined with cefotaxime, imipenem, or meropenem. To confirm synergistic activity, the representative strains of VISA, hVISA, and VSSA were then selected for the time-kill curve method. Results The combination of vancomycin with imipenem, meropenem, or cefotaxime exhibited synergistic effects against 17 (2 VISA, 9 hVISA, and 6 VSSA), 14 (3 VISA, 9 hVISA and 2 VSSA), and 5 (3 VISA and 2 hVISA) isolates, respectively. Additive and indifferent effects were found in the remaining isolates, but no antagonistic effect was observed. Using time-kill assay, the vancomycin combined with either imipenem or cefotaxime demonstrated synergism against both VISA and hVISA isolates, while the synergistic effect with meropenem was obtained only in the VISA isolates. Conclusion This study demonstrated in vitro enhanced antibacterial activity of vancomycin plus β-lactams against clinical hVISA or VISA isolates. These combinations may be an alternative treatment for MRSA infections in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpasiri Srisrattakarn
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chonthicha Chaiyapoke
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sirikarn Booncharoen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sujintana Wongthong
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand,Faculty of Medical Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima College, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Aroonwadee Chanawong
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand,Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand,Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Ratree Tavichakorntrakool
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand,Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Aroonlug Lulitanond
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand,Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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22
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Oo T, Saiboonjan B, Srijampa S, Srisrattakarn A, Sutthanut K, Tavichakorntrakool R, Chanawong A, Lulitanond A, Tippayawat P. Inhibition of Bacterial Efflux Pumps by Crude Extracts and Essential Oil from Myristica fragrans Houtt. (Nutmeg) Seeds against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Molecules 2021; 26:4662. [PMID: 34361815 PMCID: PMC8348620 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Myristicafragrans Houtt. (Nutmeg) is a widely known folk medicine across several parts of Asia, particularly used in antimicrobial treatment. Bacterial resistance involves the expression of efflux pump systems (chromosomal norA and mepA) in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Crude extract (CE) and essential oil (EO) obtained from nutmeg were applied as efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs), thereby enhancing the antimicrobial activity of the drugs they were used in. The major substances in CE and EO, which function as EPIs, in a descending order of % peak area include elemicin, myristicin, methoxyeugenol, myristicin, and asarone. Here, we investigated whether the low amount of CE and EO used as EPIs was sufficient to sensitize MRSA killing using the antibiotic ciprofloxacin, which acts as an efflux system. Interestingly, synergy between ciprofloxacin and CE or EO revealed the most significant viability of MRSA, depending on norA and mepA, the latter being responsible for EPI function of EO. Therefore, CE and EO obtained from nutmeg can act as EPIs in combination with substances that act as efflux systems, thereby ensuring that the MRSA strain is susceptible to antibiotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thidar Oo
- Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
- Faculty of Medicine, Research Institute for Human High Performance and Health Promotion, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Bhanubong Saiboonjan
- Center for Innovation and Standard for Medical Technology and Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Sukanya Srijampa
- Biosensor Research Group for Non-Communicable Disease and Infectious Disease, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Arpasiri Srisrattakarn
- Biosensor Research Group for Non-Communicable Disease and Infectious Disease, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.S.); (A.S.)
| | | | - Ratree Tavichakorntrakool
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (R.T.); (A.C.); (A.L.)
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Aroonwadee Chanawong
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (R.T.); (A.C.); (A.L.)
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Aroonlug Lulitanond
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (R.T.); (A.C.); (A.L.)
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- Faculty of Medicine, Research Institute for Human High Performance and Health Promotion, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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23
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Uthaiwat P, Priprem A, Chio-Srichan S, Settasatian C, Lee YC, Mahakunakorn P, Boonsiri P, Leelayuwat C, Tippayawat P, Puthongking P, Daduang J. Oral Administration of Melatonin or Succinyl Melatonin Niosome Gel Benefits 5-FU-Induced Small Intestinal Mucositis Treatment in Mice. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:200. [PMID: 34212283 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-01941-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucositis is one of the most adverse effects of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and had no standard drug for treatment. Melatonin is a neurohormone, and can ameliorate radiotherapy-induced small intestinal mucositis. Melatonin encapsulated in niosomes improved its poor bioavailability. Succinyl melatonin, a melatonin derivative, showed prolonged release compared with melatonin. This study investigated the efficacy of melatonin niosome gel (MNG) and succinyl melatonin niosome gel (SNG) in 5-FU-induced small intestinal mucositis treatment in mice. MNG and SNG with particle sizes of 293 and 270 nm were shown to have mucoadhesive potentials. The effect of a daily oral application of MNG, SNG, or fluocinolone acetonide gel (FAG, positive control) was compared to that of the normal group. The body weight, food consumption, histology, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the small intestine were monitored. The results showed decreased %body weight and food consumption in all 5-FU-injected groups compared with the normal group. The MNG and SNG treatments maintained the food consumption and the normal integrity of the small intestines, as evidenced by villus length and crypt depth, similar to the observations in the normal groups. The FTIR spectra showed no change in lipids of the MNG and SNG groups compared with the normal group. Moreover, SNG could reduce IL-1β content to a level that was not different from the level in the normal groups. Therefore, the oral application of MNG and SNG could protect against 5-FU-induced small intestinal mucositis in mice.
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24
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Ngudsuntia A, Lunha K, Lulitanond A, Tippayawat P, Sukkasem C, Charoensri N, Chanawong A. Colistin Susceptibility Testing by Rapid Colistin Disk Elution Test Among Enterobacteriaceae in Low-Resource Setting. Microb Drug Resist 2021; 27:1685-1691. [PMID: 34129391 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2020.0613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We modified rapid polymyxin Nordmann-Poirel (RPNP) test, called rapid colistin disk elution (RCDE) test, for detecting colistin resistance in Gram-negative bacilli and evaluated its performance compared with colistin broth disk elution (CBDE) test recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The RCDE test was performed by using a 10-μg colistin disk in 2.7 mL volume (final colistin concentration of 3.7 μg/mL) of either cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth or phenol red broth base media with bacterial inoculum of 1-μL loop, and 1-4 and 16-20 hr incubation for Enterobacteriaceae and Acinetobacter baumannii isolates, respectively. Both tests were evaluated in 236 Enterobacteriaceae and 49 A. baumannii isolates using broth microdilution as reference method. Among the Enterobacteriaceae isolates, categorical agreement and very major error (VME or false intermediate susceptibility) rate were 98.3% and 5.4%, respectively, for the RCDE test, compared with 97.9% and 7.1%, respectively, for the CBDE test. Both tests had major error (ME or false resistance) rate of 0.6%. For the A. baumannii isolates, the RCDE and CBDE tests gave high VME rates of 8.3% and 16.7%, respectively. The RCDE test showed good performance comparable with the CBDE test but is cheaper and more rapid (3 hr) and convenient, thus suggesting as an alternative for detecting colistin resistance among Enterobacteriaceae in low-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arisa Ngudsuntia
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kamonwan Lunha
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Aroonlug Lulitanond
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chutipapa Sukkasem
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Srinagarind Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Nicha Charoensri
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Aroonwadee Chanawong
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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25
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Chatchawal P, Wongwattanakul M, Tippayawat P, Jearanaikoon N, Jumniansong A, Boonmars T, Jearanaikoon P, Wood BR. Monitoring the Progression of Liver Fluke-Induced Cholangiocarcinoma in a Hamster Model Using Synchrotron FTIR Microspectroscopy and Focal Plane Array Infrared Imaging. Anal Chem 2020; 92:15361-15369. [PMID: 33170647 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a bile duct cancer that originates in the bile duct epithelium. Northeastern Thailand has the highest incidence of CCA, and there is a direct correlation with liver fluke (Opisthorchis viverrini) infection. The high mortality rate of CCA is a consequence of delayed diagnosis. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is a powerful technique that detects the absorbance of molecular vibrations and is perfectly suited for the interrogation of biological samples. In this study, we applied synchrotron radiation-FTIR (SR-FTIR) microspectroscopy and focal plane array (FPA-FTIR) microspectroscopy to characterize periductal fibrosis and bile duct cells progressing to CCA induced by inoculating O. viverrini metacercariae into hamsters. SR-FTIR and FPA-FTIR measurements were performed in liver sections harvested from 1-, 2-, 3-, and 6-month post-infected hamsters compared to uninfected liver tissues. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the tissue samples showed a clear discrimination among uninfected and early-stage (1 and 2 months) and cancerous-stage (3 and 6 months) tissues. The discrimination is based on intensity changes in the phosphodiester band (1081 cm-1), amino acid residue (∼1396 cm-1), and C═O stretching carboxylic esters (1745 cm-1). Infected tissues also show definitive bands at ∼1280, 1234, and 1201 cm-1 characteristic of the collagen triplet and indicative of fibrosis. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was performed on the FPA data and showed a classification into specific cell types. Hepatocyte, fibrotic lesion, and bile duct (cancer) were classified and HCA mapping showed similar cellular distribution pattern compared to Sirius red staining. This study was also extended to less invasive sample analysis using attenuated total reflectance-FTIR (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. Sera from O. viverrini-infected and uninfected hamsters were analyzed using multivariate analysis, including principal component analysis (PCA), and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). PCA was able to classify spectra of normal, early-stage CCA, and CCA, while the PLS-DA gave 100% accuracy for the validation. The model was established from 17 samples (11 normal, 6 cancer) in the calibration set and 9 samples in the validation set (4 normal, 2 cancer, 3 precancerous). These results indicate that FTIR-based technology is a potential tool to detect the progression of CCA, especially in the early stages of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patutong Chatchawal
- Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnosis Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen40002, Thailand
| | - Molin Wongwattanakul
- Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnosis Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen40002, Thailand
| | - Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnosis Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | | | - Amonrat Jumniansong
- Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnosis Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Thidarat Boonmars
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen40002, Thailand.,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Patcharee Jearanaikoon
- Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnosis Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen40002, Thailand
| | - Bayden R Wood
- Center for Biospectroscopy, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia
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26
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Kaewsarabhumi S, Proungvitaya T, Limpaiboon T, Tippayawat P, Tummanatsakun D, Titapun A, Sa-Ngaimwibool P, Proungvitaya S. Interleukin 25 (IL-25) expression in cholangiocarcinoma. Mol Clin Oncol 2020; 13:84. [PMID: 33163180 PMCID: PMC7642803 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2020.2154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Various cytokines are involved in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Some tumor cells produce cytokines by themselves. Using secretome analysis, a high expression of APEX-1 was found in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cell lines. During this secretome analysis, it was found that CCA cell lines overexpressed some cytokines and related molecules, including interleukin 25 (IL-25). In the present study, we first performed precise secretome analysis on cytokines and related molecules in CCA cell lines and identified that IL-25 was overexpressed in CCA cell lines. Then, using immunohistochemical methods, we investigated the expression of IL-25 in the cancer tissues from 20 CCA patients in Northeast Thailand. Correlation between IL-25 expression levels and patients' clinical parameters were analyzed. The results showed that IL-25 expression was significantly (P<0.0001) higher in cancerous tissues than in the normal bile ducts and in the adjacent tissues. Overexpression of IL-25 protein in CCA tissue was confirmed using western blot analysis. Moreover, IL-25 expression in cancerous tissues was significantly (P<0.0015) higher in CCA patients with metastasis than in CCA patients without metastasis. Survival analysis revealed that a high expression of IL-25 was correlated with shorter survival time of CCA patients (P=0.0260). Aberrant expression of IL-25 in CCA tissue was associated with tumor metastasis and poor prognosis, suggesting that IL-25 is a potential prognostic biomarker. Biological roles of IL-25 in CCA genesis and progression should be explored in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supakit Kaewsarabhumi
- Centre of Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Tanakorn Proungvitaya
- Centre of Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute (CARI), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Temduang Limpaiboon
- Centre of Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute (CARI), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- Centre of Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute (CARI), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Doungdean Tummanatsakun
- Centre of Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute (CARI), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Attapol Titapun
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute (CARI), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Prakasit Sa-Ngaimwibool
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute (CARI), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Siriporn Proungvitaya
- Centre of Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute (CARI), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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Nitrosetein T, Wongwattanakul M, Chonanant C, Leelayuwat C, Charoensri N, Jearanaikoon P, Lulitanond A, Wood BR, Tippayawat P, Heraud P. Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy combined with chemometric modelling for the classification of clinically relevant Enterococci. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 130:982-993. [PMID: 32780423 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FT-IR) Spectroscopy and chemometric modelling, including soft independent modelling by class analogy (SIMCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and support vector machine (SVM), were applied to attempt to discriminate 60 clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis and hence evaluate the performance of the spectroscopic approach in identifying enterococci infections. METHODS AND RESULTS The bacterial samples were identified by polymerize chain reaction (PCR) amplification and their ATR-FT-IR spectra acquired. Spectra were processed to the second derivative using the Savitzky-Golay algorithm and normalized using extended multiplicative signal correction employing the UnscramblerX (CAMO, Norway) software package. Multivariate classification models and their performance were evaluated using Cohen's Kappa coefficient. Principal component analysis (PCA) score plots showed separate clusters of spectra related to membership to E. faecium and E. faecalis, with this explained by bands assigned to PO2 (1230 cm-1 ), P-O-C (1114 cm-1 ), monosubstituted alkene (997, 987 cm-1 ) and C-O (1070, 1055, 1036 cm-1 ) corresponding to teichoic acids, polysaccharides and peptidoglycan from the cell wall in PCA and PLS-DA loading plots. The best classification model for E. faecium and E. faecalis is SVM, indicating via highest Kappa score. The classification coefficient between SIMCA, PLS-DA, SVM and PCR as reference method were 0·59, 0·9 and 1, respectively, shown as the Kappa scores. CONCLUSIONS The main spectral differences observed between the two clinically relevant enterococci species were associated with changes in the teichoic acid content of cell walls. With regard to the binary classification method, SVM was found to be the best performing classification model, providing the highest correlation with the PCR results. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The study shows that ATR-FT-IR spectroscopy in combination with chemometric modelling can be applied for the phenotypic identification and discrimination of clinically relevant and similar enterococcal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nitrosetein
- Biomedical Science Program, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CDML), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - M Wongwattanakul
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CDML), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - C Chonanant
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand
| | - C Leelayuwat
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CDML), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - N Charoensri
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CDML), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - P Jearanaikoon
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CDML), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - A Lulitanond
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CDML), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - B R Wood
- Centre for Biospectroscopy, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - P Tippayawat
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CDML), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - P Heraud
- Centre for Biospectroscopy, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Microbiology and the Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
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Srijampa S, Buddhisa S, Ngernpimai S, Leelayuwat C, Proungvitaya S, Chompoosor A, Tippayawat P. Influence of Gold Nanoparticles with Different Surface Charges on Localization and Monocyte Behavior. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:1133-1143. [PMID: 32208651 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The use of gold nanoparticles (AuNP) has been established in nanocarriers, diagnostics, and biosensors. Access to the targeted sites of these nanomaterials could directly involve the first line of defense, the innate immune system. Charges of nanomaterials play a critical role in a number of aspects such as stabilization, cellular uptake, modulation, and function of cells. Interactions and modulations of the charged nanomaterials against the innate immune system may occur even at very low concentration. To understand the effects of charges on monocyte behavior, in this study, the positively and negatively charged AuNP (AuNP+ve and AuNP-ve) of the similar size and shape on cytotoxicity, recognition, cellular behavior, and function were evaluated in vitro using U937 human monocyte cells as an innate immunity model. Both types of AuNP at various concentrations (0-5 nM) exhibited low toxicity. In addition, the cellular internalization of the AuNP+ve and AuNP-ve, as determined by TEM, occurred by different mechanisms, and the internalization had no effect on cellular destruction, as implied by the low levels of %LDH. Interestingly, the AuNP+ve recognition and internalization seemingly entered cells through receptor dependence and strongly affected cellular response to express both pro-inflammatory (IL-1β) and anti-inflammatory (TGF-β) cytokines, while the AuNP-ve stimulated TNF-α expression. Nevertheless, the AuNP-treated cells maintained normal function when exposed to planktonic bacteria. Thus, these results indicated that one part of the immune system interacted with different surface-charged AuNP, suggesting appropiate immunomodulation in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Srijampa
- Biosensor Research Group for Non-Communicable Disease and Infectious Disease, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Surachat Buddhisa
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Sawinee Ngernpimai
- Materials Science and Nanotechnology Program, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Chanvit Leelayuwat
- Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Siriporn Proungvitaya
- Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Apiwat Chompoosor
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Ramkhamhaeng Road, Hua mak, Bangkapi, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- Biosensor Research Group for Non-Communicable Disease and Infectious Disease, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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Phutim-Mangkhalthon A, Teerakapong A, Tippayawat P, Morales NP, Morkmued S, Puasiri S, Priprem A, Damrongrungruang T. Anti-inflammatory effect of photodynamic therapy using guaiazulene and red lasers on peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 31:101747. [PMID: 32200021 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Photodynamic therapy improves oral mucositis treatment. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from this reaction could contribute to an anti-inflammatory effect by suppressing inflammatory cells. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of photodynamic therapy using guaiazulene and a red laser in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). METHODS Guaiazulene solutions (1, 2, 5, 25, 35, and 100 μM in 99.8 % methanol) were irradiated with red laser light (625 nm, 146.2 mW/cm2) in continuous mode at 0, 4, and 8 J/cm2 in black 96-well plates. ROS were measured using spin trapping technique with electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy and fluorescence. The two highest concentrations were tested using cell viability (PrestoBlue®) and anti-inflammation (RANTES and PGE2 ELISA) assay kits. Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn Bonferroni tests were used for statistical analyses with significant differences at p-value < 0.05. RESULTS Guaiazulene solutions between 2 and 5 μM exposed to red laser light at 4-8 J/cm2 generated significantly more singlet oxygen compared to the no guaiazulene group (p < 0.01) and reduced RANTES and PGE2 levels in TNF-α-inflamed peripheral blood mononuclear cells without affecting cell viability. CONCLUSION Photodynamic activation of guaiazulene generated singlet oxygen and suppressed inflammatory markers in PBMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ampika Phutim-Mangkhalthon
- Division of Paediatric Dentistry, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, 40002, Thailand.
| | - Aroon Teerakapong
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, 40002, Thailand; Lasers in Dentistry Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
| | - Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, 40002, Thailand.
| | | | - Supawich Morkmued
- Division of Paediatric Dentistry, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, 40002, Thailand.
| | - Subin Puasiri
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, 40002, Thailand.
| | - Aroonsri Priprem
- Melatonin Research Group and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, 40002, Thailand.
| | - Teerasak Damrongrungruang
- Division of Oral Diagnosis, Department of Oral Biomedical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, 40002, Thailand; Lasers in Dentistry Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.
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Panthasri N, Chaimanee P, Kenprom S, Tippayawat P, Charoensri N, Chanawong A, Tavichakorntrakool R, Lulitanond A. Evaluation of 3 (4, 5 dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide method for rapid detection of vancomycin-resistant enterococci. ScienceAsia 2020. [DOI: 10.2306/scienceasia1513-1874.2020.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Heraud P, Chatchawal P, Wongwattanakul M, Tippayawat P, Doerig C, Jearanaikoon P, Perez-Guaita D, Wood BR. Infrared spectroscopy coupled to cloud-based data management as a tool to diagnose malaria: a pilot study in a malaria-endemic country. Malar J 2019; 18:348. [PMID: 31619246 PMCID: PMC6794904 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-019-2945-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Widespread elimination of malaria requires an ultra-sensitive detection method that can detect low parasitaemia levels seen in asymptomatic carriers who act as reservoirs for further transmission of the disease, but is inexpensive and easy to deploy in the field in low income settings. It was hypothesized that a new method of malaria detection based on infrared spectroscopy, shown in the laboratory to have similar sensitivity to PCR based detection, could prove effective in detecting malaria in a field setting using cheap portable units with data management systems allowing them to be used by users inexpert in spectroscopy. This study was designed to determine whether the methodology developed in the laboratory could be translated to the field to diagnose the presence of Plasmodium in the blood of patients presenting at hospital with symptoms of malaria, as a precursor to trials testing the sensitivity of to detect asymptomatic carriers. Methods The field study tested 318 patients presenting with suspected malaria at four regional clinics in Thailand. Two portable infrared spectrometers were employed, operated from a laptop computer or a mobile telephone with in-built software that guided the user through the simple measurement steps. Diagnostic modelling and validation testing using linear and machine learning approaches was performed against the gold standard qPCR. Sample spectra from 318 patients were used for building calibration models (112 positive and 110 negative samples according to PCR testing) and independent validation testing (39 positive and 57 negatives samples by PCR). Results The machine learning classification (support vector machines; SVM) performed with 92% sensitivity (3 false negatives) and 97% specificity (2 false positives). The Area Under the Receiver Operation Curve (AUROC) for the SVM classification was 0.98. These results may be better than as stated as one of the spectroscopy false positives was infected by a Plasmodium species other than Plasmodium falciparum or Plasmodium vivax, not detected by the PCR primers employed. Conclusions In conclusion, it was demonstrated that ATR-FTIR spectroscopy could be used as an efficient and reliable malaria diagnostic tool and has the potential to be developed for use at point of care under tropical field conditions with spectra able to be analysed via a Cloud-based system, and the diagnostic results returned to the user’s mobile telephone or computer. The combination of accessibility to mass screening, high sensitivity and selectivity, low logistics requirements and portability, makes this new approach a potentially outstanding tool in the context of malaria elimination programmes. The next step in the experimental programme now underway is to reduce the sample requirements to fingerprick volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Heraud
- Centre for Biospectroscopy, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.,Department of Microbiology and the Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Patutong Chatchawal
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Molin Wongwattanakul
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Christian Doerig
- Department of Microbiology and the Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Patcharee Jearanaikoon
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - David Perez-Guaita
- Centre for Biospectroscopy, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.
| | - Bayden R Wood
- Centre for Biospectroscopy, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.
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Srijampa S, Buddhisa S, Ngernpimai S, Sangiamdee D, Chompoosor A, Tippayawat P. Effects of Gold Nanoparticles with Different Surface Charges on Cellular Internalization and Cytokine Responses in Monocytes. BioNanoSci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-019-00638-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tippayawat P, Wongwattanakul M, Boueroy P, Hahnvajanawong C, Boonmars T, Wood B, Heraud P, Jearanaikoon P. AB037. P-05. Evaluation of infrared spectral signature associated with pathology as biomarker for cancer progression in cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2019. [DOI: 10.21037/hbsn.2019.ab037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Prasongdee P, Tippayawat P, Limpaiboon T, Leelayuwat C, Wongwattanakul M, Jearanaikoon P. The development of simultaneous measurement of viral load and physical status for human papillomavirus 16 and 18 co-infection using multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:6977-6987. [PMID: 30546431 PMCID: PMC6256370 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 and 18 is known to be a major risk factor for cervical cancer. Increased prevalence of co-infection with these high-risk types has been observed in pre-cancerous and cancerous tissues. The determination of physical status and copy numbers of viruses is therefore useful in clinical settings. A simple multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for HPV16/HPV18 co-infection in one tube reaction was established in the present study using TaqMan®-based PCR for E2 and E6 viral DNA. The detection range was up to 106 copies with 100% specificity and high precision (CV of cycle time <0.5%). The analytical accuracy and robustness were verified by competitive assay using an unequal mixture of HPV16/HPV18 DNA. No significant effect was demonstrated when compared with the simplex qPCR. The detection of physical status was evaluated in cervical samples, including 5 pre-cancerous and 15 cancerous samples. No significant difference was observed between simplex and multiplex qPCR (P=0.372). In conclusion, the developed multiplex qPCR method successfully demonstrated the viral status of the common HPV types in one tube. This assay will facilitate viral assessment and monitoring of cervical cancer associated with HPV16 and HPV18 co-infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prinya Prasongdee
- Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Clinical Chemistry Unit of Srinagarind Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Temduang Limpaiboon
- Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Chanvit Leelayuwat
- Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Molin Wongwattanakul
- Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Patcharee Jearanaikoon
- Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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Damrongrungruang T, Kitchindaopat N, Thanasothon P, Theeranut K, Tippayawat P, Ruangsuwan C, Suwannee B. Effects of photodynamic therapy with azulene on peripheral blood mononuclear cell viability and singlet oxygen formation. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 24:318-323. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Tippayawat P, Sapa V, Srijampa S, Boueroy P, Chompoosor A. d-Maltose coated silver nanoparticles and their synergistic effect in combination with ampicillin. Monatsh Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-017-2004-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Wongwattanakul M, Hahnvajanawong C, Tippayawat P, Chio-Srichan S, Leelayuwat C, Limpaiboon T, Jearanaikoon P, Heraud P. Classification of Gemcitabine resistant Cholangiocarcinoma cell lines using synchrotron FTIR microspectroscopy. J Biophotonics 2017; 10:367-376. [PMID: 26996159 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201500253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a cancer of bile duct epithelium, is a major health problem in Thailand especially in the northeast. Overall treatment outcomes have not shown much improvement because the disease is usually detected at an advanced stage and often shows chemotherapeutic resistance. High-throughput Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy can be used for cell classification and has the potential to diagnose cancer and possibly predict chemo-response. This study was aimed to differentiate gemcitabine-sensitive and gemcitabine-resistant induction in two CCA cell lines (KKU-M139 and KKU-M214) and xenograft tissues using synchrotron-FTIR microspectroscopy. Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) could discriminate between chemo-sensitive and chemo-resistant cells in the FTIR fingerprint spectral region (1800-1000 cm-1 ) with more than 90% sensitivity and specificity. The chemo-resistant and chemo-sensitive phenotypes were different in protein (amide I, amide II), lipids (carbonyl group and CH3 deformation) and phosphodiester from nucleic acids. Additionally, spectra from xenograft tissues showed similar results to the cell line study with marked differences between chemo-resistant and chemo-sensitive CCA tissues, and PLS-DA could discriminate the chemotherapeutic response with 98% sensitivity and specificity. This is the first study to demonstrate the use of FTIR microspectroscopy to assess chemo-response both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molin Wongwattanakul
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School,, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chariya Hahnvajanawong
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Sirinart Chio-Srichan
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization), Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Chanvit Leelayuwat
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Temduang Limpaiboon
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Patcharee Jearanaikoon
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Philip Heraud
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Biospectroscopy, School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
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Tippayawat P, Phromviyo N, Boueroy P, Chompoosor A. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles in aloe vera plant extract prepared by a hydrothermal method and their synergistic antibacterial activity. PeerJ 2016; 4:e2589. [PMID: 27781173 PMCID: PMC5075710 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is worldwide interest in silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized by various chemical reactions for use in applications exploiting their antibacterial activity, even though these processes exhibit a broad range of toxicity in vertebrates and invertebrates alike. To avoid the chemical toxicity, biosynthesis (green synthesis) of metal nanoparticles is proposed as a cost-effective and environmental friendly alternative. Aloe vera leaf extract is a medicinal agent with multiple properties including an antibacterial effect. Moreover the constituents of aloe vera leaves include lignin, hemicellulose, and pectins which can be used in the reduction of silver ions to produce as AgNPs@aloe vera (AgNPs@AV) with antibacterial activity. Methods AgNPs were prepared by an eco-friendly hydrothermal method using an aloe vera plant extract solution as both a reducing and stabilizing agent. AgNPs@AV were characterized using XRD and SEM. Additionally, an agar well diffusion method was used to screen for antimicrobial activity. MIC and MBC were used to correlate the concentration of AgNPs@AV its bactericidal effect. SEM was used to investigate bacterial inactivation. Then the toxicity with human cells was investigated using an MTT assay. Results The synthesized AgNPs were crystalline with sizes of 70.70 ± 22-192.02 ± 53 nm as revealed using XRD and SEM. The sizes of AgNPs can be varied through alteration of times and temperatures used in their synthesis. These AgNPs were investigated for potential use as an antibacterial agent to inhibit pathogenic bacteria. Their antibacterial activity was tested on S. epidermidis and P. aeruginosa. The results showed that AgNPs had a high antibacterial which depended on their synthesis conditions, particularly when processed at 100 oC for 6 h and 200 oC for 12 h. The cytotoxicity of AgNPs was determined using human PBMCs revealing no obvious cytotoxicity. These results indicated that AgNPs@AV can be effectively utilized in pharmaceutical, biotechnological and biomedical applications. Discussion Aloe vera extract was processed using a green and facile method. This was a hydrothermal method to reduce silver nitrate to AgNPs@AV. Varying the hydrothermal temperature provided the fine spherical shaped nanoparticles. The size of the nanomaterial was affected by its thermal preparation. The particle size of AgNPs could be tuned by varying both time and temperature. A process using a pure AG phase could go to completion in 6 h at 200 oC, whereas reactions at lower temperatures required longer times. Moreover, the antibacterial effect of this hybrid nanomaterial was sufficient that it could be used to inhibit pathogenic bacteria since silver release was dependent upon its particle size. The high activity of the largest AgNPs might have resulted from a high concentration of aloe vera compounds incorporated into the AgNPs during hydrothermal synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- Division of Clinical Microbiology/Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; The Center for Research & Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories/Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Nutthakritta Phromviyo
- Materials Science and Nanotechnology Program/Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University , Khon Kaen , Thailand
| | - Parichart Boueroy
- Department of Microbiology/Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University , Khon Kaen , Thailand
| | - Apiwat Chompoosor
- Department of Chemistry/Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand; Integrated Nanotechnology Research Center (INRC), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Chaiittianan R, Chayopas P, Rattanathongkom A, Tippayawat P, Sutthanut K. Anti-obesity potential of corn silks: Relationships of phytochemicals and antioxidation, anti-pre-adipocyte proliferation, anti-adipogenesis, and lipolysis induction. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Saengmuang P, Kewcharoenwong C, Tippayawat P, Nithichanon A, Buddhisa S, Lertmemongkolchai G. Effect of host factors on neutrophil functions in response to Burkholderia pseudomallei in healthy Thai subjects. Jpn J Infect Dis 2015; 67:436-40. [PMID: 25410558 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.67.436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Burkholderia pseudomallei is an intracellular pathogenic bacterium that causes melioidosis in humans. On infection, neutrophils eliminate the majority of intracellular B. pseudomallei. Previous reports on the risk factors for melioidosis have shown that host factors, particularly age and diabetes mellitus, increase susceptibility to B. pseudomallei; however, whether these factors influence neutrophil functions in response to infection remains unknown. In this study, whole blood samples were collected from healthy Thai blood donors and co-cultured with B. pseudomallei, and phagocytic and respiratory burst functions of neutrophils were then measured by flow cytometry. The results show reduced neutrophil functions in older donors or those with poor glycemic control. Furthermore, the levels of antibody against B. pseudomallei showed a positive correlation with neutrophil functions. This study therefore indicated the importance of age, glycemic control, and antibody levels in the activity of neutrophils in melioidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pornpun Saengmuang
- The Centre for Research & Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University
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Tippayawat P, Pinsiri M, Rinchai D, Riyapa D, Romphruk A, Gan YH, Houghton RL, Felgner PL, Titball RW, Stevens MP, Galyov EE, Bancroft GJ, Lertmemongkolchai G. Burkholderia pseudomallei proteins presented by monocyte-derived dendritic cells stimulate human memory T cells in vitro. Infect Immun 2011; 79:305-13. [PMID: 21041491 PMCID: PMC3019888 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00803-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2010] [Revised: 08/25/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Melioidosis is a severe infectious disease caused by the saprophytic facultative intracellular pathogen Burkholderia pseudomallei. The disease is endemic in Southeast Asia and Northern Australia, and no effective vaccine exists. To describe human cell-mediated immune responses to B. pseudomallei and to identify candidate antigens for vaccine development, the ability of antigen-pulsed monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) to trigger autologous T-cell responses to B. pseudomallei and its products was tested. moDCs were prepared from healthy individuals exposed or not exposed to B. pseudomallei, based on serological evidence. These were pulsed with heat-killed B. pseudomallei or purified antigens, including ABC transporters (LolC, OppA, and PotF), Bsa type III secreted proteins (BipD and BopE), tandem repeat sequence-containing proteins (Rp1 and Rp2), flagellin, and heat shock proteins (Hsp60 and Hsp70), prior to being mixed with autologous T-cell populations. After pulsing of cells with either heat-killed B. pseudomallei, LolC, or Rp2, coculturing the antigen-pulsed moDCs with T cells elicited gamma interferon production from CD4(+) T cells from seropositive donors at levels greater than those for seronegative donors. These antigens also induced granzyme B (cytotoxic) responses from CD8(+) T cells. Activation of antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells required direct contact with moDCs and was therefore not dependent on soluble mediators. Rp peptide epitopes recognized by T cells in healthy individuals were identified. Our study provides valuable novel data on the induction of human cell-mediated immune responses to B. pseudomallei and its protein antigens that may be exploited in the rational development of vaccines to combat melioidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- The Centre for Research & Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Blood Transfusion Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore, InBios International Inc., Seattle, Washington, University of California, Irvine, California, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom, Division of Microbiology, Institute of Animal Health, Compton Laboratory, Compton, United Kingdom, Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, Immunology Unit, Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maneerat Pinsiri
- The Centre for Research & Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Blood Transfusion Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore, InBios International Inc., Seattle, Washington, University of California, Irvine, California, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom, Division of Microbiology, Institute of Animal Health, Compton Laboratory, Compton, United Kingdom, Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, Immunology Unit, Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Darawan Rinchai
- The Centre for Research & Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Blood Transfusion Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore, InBios International Inc., Seattle, Washington, University of California, Irvine, California, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom, Division of Microbiology, Institute of Animal Health, Compton Laboratory, Compton, United Kingdom, Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, Immunology Unit, Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Donporn Riyapa
- The Centre for Research & Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Blood Transfusion Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore, InBios International Inc., Seattle, Washington, University of California, Irvine, California, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom, Division of Microbiology, Institute of Animal Health, Compton Laboratory, Compton, United Kingdom, Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, Immunology Unit, Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amornrat Romphruk
- The Centre for Research & Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Blood Transfusion Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore, InBios International Inc., Seattle, Washington, University of California, Irvine, California, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom, Division of Microbiology, Institute of Animal Health, Compton Laboratory, Compton, United Kingdom, Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, Immunology Unit, Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yunn-Hwen Gan
- The Centre for Research & Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Blood Transfusion Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore, InBios International Inc., Seattle, Washington, University of California, Irvine, California, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom, Division of Microbiology, Institute of Animal Health, Compton Laboratory, Compton, United Kingdom, Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, Immunology Unit, Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Raymond L. Houghton
- The Centre for Research & Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Blood Transfusion Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore, InBios International Inc., Seattle, Washington, University of California, Irvine, California, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom, Division of Microbiology, Institute of Animal Health, Compton Laboratory, Compton, United Kingdom, Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, Immunology Unit, Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Philip L. Felgner
- The Centre for Research & Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Blood Transfusion Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore, InBios International Inc., Seattle, Washington, University of California, Irvine, California, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom, Division of Microbiology, Institute of Animal Health, Compton Laboratory, Compton, United Kingdom, Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, Immunology Unit, Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard W. Titball
- The Centre for Research & Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Blood Transfusion Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore, InBios International Inc., Seattle, Washington, University of California, Irvine, California, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom, Division of Microbiology, Institute of Animal Health, Compton Laboratory, Compton, United Kingdom, Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, Immunology Unit, Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark P. Stevens
- The Centre for Research & Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Blood Transfusion Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore, InBios International Inc., Seattle, Washington, University of California, Irvine, California, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom, Division of Microbiology, Institute of Animal Health, Compton Laboratory, Compton, United Kingdom, Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, Immunology Unit, Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Edouard E. Galyov
- The Centre for Research & Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Blood Transfusion Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore, InBios International Inc., Seattle, Washington, University of California, Irvine, California, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom, Division of Microbiology, Institute of Animal Health, Compton Laboratory, Compton, United Kingdom, Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, Immunology Unit, Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gregory J. Bancroft
- The Centre for Research & Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Blood Transfusion Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore, InBios International Inc., Seattle, Washington, University of California, Irvine, California, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom, Division of Microbiology, Institute of Animal Health, Compton Laboratory, Compton, United Kingdom, Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, Immunology Unit, Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ganjana Lertmemongkolchai
- The Centre for Research & Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Blood Transfusion Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore, InBios International Inc., Seattle, Washington, University of California, Irvine, California, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom, Division of Microbiology, Institute of Animal Health, Compton Laboratory, Compton, United Kingdom, Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, Immunology Unit, Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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Chu KK, Tippayawat P, Walker NJ, Harding SV, Atkins HS, Maillere B, Bancroft GJ, Lertmemongkolchai G, Altmann DM. CD4+ T-cell immunity to the Burkholderia pseudomallei ABC transporter LolC in melioidosis. Eur J Immunol 2010; 41:107-15. [PMID: 21182082 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201040881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2010] [Revised: 09/30/2010] [Accepted: 10/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Burkholderia pseudomallei causes melioidosis, a disease with a wide range of possible outcomes, from seroconversion and dormancy to sepsis and death. This spectrum of host-pathogen interactions poses challenging questions about the heterogeneity in immunity to B. pseudomallei. Models show protection to be dependent on CD4(+) cells and IFN-γ, but little is known about specific target antigens. Having previously implicated the ABC transporter, LolC, in protective immunity, we here use epitope prediction, HLA-binding studies, HLA-transgenic models and studies of T cells from seropositive individuals to characterize HLA-restricted LolC responses. Immunized mice showed long-lasting memory to the protein, whereas predictive algorithms identified epitopes within LolC that subsequently demonstrated strong HLA class II binding. Immunization of HLA-DR transgenics with LolC stimulated T-cell responses to four of these epitopes. Furthermore, the responsiveness of HLA transgenics to LolC revealed a hierarchy supportive of HLA polymorphism-determined differential susceptibility. Seropositive human donors of diverse HLA class II types showed T-cell responses to LolC epitopes, which are conserved among Burkholderia species including Burkholderia cenocepacia, associated with life-threatening cepacia complex in cystic fibrosis patients and Burkholderia mallei, which causes glanders. These findings suggest a role for LolC epitopes in multiepitope vaccine design for melioidosis and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen K Chu
- Human Disease Immunogenetics Group, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Imperial College, London, UK
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43
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Tippayawat P, Saenwongsa W, Mahawantung J, Suwannasaen D, Chetchotisakd P, Limmathurotsakul D, Peacock SJ, Felgner PL, Atkins HS, Titball RW, Bancroft GJ, Lertmemongkolchai G. Phenotypic and functional characterization of human memory T cell responses to Burkholderia pseudomallei. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2009; 3:e407. [PMID: 19352426 PMCID: PMC2660609 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2008] [Accepted: 03/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Infection with the Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei is an important cause of community-acquired lethal sepsis in endemic regions in southeast Asia and northern Australia and is increasingly reported in other tropical areas. In animal models, production of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is critical for resistance, but in humans the characteristics of IFN-γ production and the bacterial antigens that are recognized by the cell-mediated immune response have not been defined. Methods Peripheral blood from 133 healthy individuals who lived in the endemic area and had no history of melioidosis, 60 patients who had recovered from melioidosis, and 31 other patient control subjects were stimulated by whole bacteria or purified bacterial proteins in vitro, and IFN-γ responses were analyzed by ELISPOT and flow cytometry. Findings B. pseudomallei was a potent activator of human peripheral blood NK cells for innate production of IFN-γ. In addition, healthy individuals with serological evidence of exposure to B. pseudomallei and patients recovered from active melioidosis developed CD4+ (and CD8+) T cells that recognized whole bacteria and purified proteins LolC, OppA, and PotF, members of the B. pseudomallei ABC transporter family. This response was primarily mediated by terminally differentiated T cells of the effector–memory (TEMRA) phenotype and correlated with the titer of anti-B. pseudomallei antibodies in the serum. Conclusions Individuals living in a melioidosis-endemic region show clear evidence of T cell priming for the ability to make IFN-γ that correlates with their serological status. The ability to detect T cell responses to defined B. pseudomallei proteins in large numbers of individuals now provides the opportunity to screen candidate antigens for inclusion in protein or polysaccharide–conjugate subunit vaccines against this important but neglected disease. The Gram-negative bacterium, Burkholderia pseudomallei, is a public health problem in southeast Asia and northern Australia and a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention listed Category B potential bioterrorism agent. It is the causative agent of melioidosis, and clinical manifestations vary from acute sepsis to chronic localized and latent infection, which can reactivate decades later. B. pseudomallei is the major cause of community-acquired pneumonia and septicemia in northeast Thailand. In spite of the medical importance of B. pseudomallei, little is known about the mechanisms of pathogenicity and the immunological pathways of host defense. There is no available vaccine, and the mortality rate in acute cases can exceed 40% with 10–15% of survivors relapsing or being reinfected despite prolonged and complete treatments. In this article, we describe cell-mediated immune responses to B. pseudomallei in humans living in northeast Thailand and demonstrate clear evidence of T cell priming in healthy seropositive individuals and patients who recovered from melioidosis. This is the most detailed study yet performed on the cell types that produce interferon-gamma to B. pseudomallei in humans and the antigens that they recognize and the first to study large sample numbers in the primary endemic focus of melioidosis in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- The Centre for Research & Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Wipawee Saenwongsa
- The Centre for Research & Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Jirawan Mahawantung
- The Centre for Research & Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Duangchan Suwannasaen
- The Centre for Research & Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Direk Limmathurotsakul
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sharon J. Peacock
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Philip L. Felgner
- Department of Medicine/Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Helen S. Atkins
- Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, United Kingdom
| | | | - Gregory J. Bancroft
- Immunology Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ganjana Lertmemongkolchai
- The Centre for Research & Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- * E-mail:
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