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Kamal N, Nizam S, Abdul Aziz A. The effects of nuclear level density model and alpha optical model potential to the excitation functions of novel therapeutic radionuclides. Appl Radiat Isot 2024; 203:111085. [PMID: 37924626 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.111085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the theoretical cross sections of 209Bi(α,2n)211At, 65Cu(α,n)68Ga, 100Ru(α,n)103Pd, and 121Sb(α,n)124I are calculated using TALYS 1.96, incorporating the effects of the alpha optical model potential and nuclear level density models. The validation process involves comparing the calculated cross sections with experimental data and utilizing statistical deviation factors. This comparison allows us to determine the optimal combination of nuclear model parameters for each reaction. The result shows that theoretical calculations which utilized semi microscopic level density models and alpha OMP managed to describe the excitation functions close to the experimental data. The comparison of nuclear model calculations with experimental data plays a crucial role in ensuring the reliability of the data, making it an essential aspect of modern evaluation procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kamal
- Department of Physics, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - S Nizam
- Department of Physics, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - A Abdul Aziz
- Department of Physics, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, 25200, Pahang, Malaysia.
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2
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Farag MA, Elmetwally F, Elghanam R, Kamal N, Hellal K, Hamezah HS, Zhao C, Mediani A. Metabolomics in tea products; a compile of applications for enhancing agricultural traits and quality control analysis of Camellia sinensis. Food Chem 2023; 404:134628. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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3
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Ibrahim NNA, Kamal N, Mediani A, Sajak AAB, Lee SY, Shaari K, Abdul Rahman H. 1H NMR-Based Metabolomics Approach Revealing Metabolite Variation of Black Turmeric (Curcuma caesia) Extracts and Correlation with Its Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities. Food Technol Biotechnol 2023; 61:107-117. [DOI: 10.17113/ftb.61.01.23.7711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Research background. Curcuma species (Zingiberaceae) are well known medicinal herbs in India and Southeast Asia. Despite various findings reporting their beneficial biological activities, very little information has been recorded on the Curcuma caesia. Thus, this study aims to determine the phenolic content, antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of both rhizome and leaves of C. caesia.
Experimental approach. Rhizome and leaves of C. caesia were dried with oven (OD) and freeze (FD) drying methods, and extracted with different ethanol/water ratios of 0/100, 50/50, 80/20 and 100/0. The bioactivities of C. caesia extracts were evaluated using in-vitro tests; total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant (DPPH and FRAP) and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR)-based metabolomics approach was employed to differentiate the most active extracts based on their metabolite profiles and correlation with bioactivities.
Results and conclusions. The 100/0 FD rhizome extract was observed to have potent TPC, FRAP and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with values of (45.38±2.10) mg GAE/g extract, (147.73±8.26) mg TAE/g extract and (265.46±38.62) µg/mL (IC50), respectively. Meanwhile, for DPPH scavenging activity, the 80/20 and 100/0 extracts of FD rhizome showed the highest activity with no significant difference between them. Hence, the FD rhizome extracts were selected for further metabolomics analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed clear discrimination among the different extracts. Partial least square (PLS) analysis showed positive correlations between the metabolites, including xanthorrhizol derivative, l-hydroxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-(6E)-6-heptene-3,4-dione, valine, luteolin, zedoardiol, β-turmerone, selina-4(15),7(11)-dien-8-one, zedoalactone B and germacrone, with the antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibition activities. Meanwhile, curdione and 1-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-(lE,6E)-1,6-heptadiene3,4-dione were correlated with α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.
Novelty and scientific contribution. C. caesia rhizome and leaves extracts contained phenolic compounds and had varies antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory capacities. These findings strongly suggests that the rhizomes of C. caesia are an invaluable natural source of active ingredients for applications in pharmaceutical and food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Najiha Ain Ibrahim
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurkhalida Kamal
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmed Mediani
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Azliana Abu Bakar Sajak
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Soo Yee Lee
- Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Products (NaturMeds) Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Khozirah Shaari
- Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Products (NaturMeds) Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hafeedza Abdul Rahman
- Centre of Excellence, Innovation Centre for Confectionery Technology (MANIS), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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4
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Abdel Rahman R, Kamal N, Mediani A, Farag MA. How Do Herbal Cigarettes Compare To Tobacco? A Comprehensive Review of Their Sensory Characters, Phytochemicals, and Functional Properties. ACS Omega 2022; 7:45797-45809. [PMID: 36570239 PMCID: PMC9773184 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Herbal cigarettes, known as tobacco-free or nicotine-free cigarettes, are those recognized as being-tobacco free, being composed of a mixture of various herbs claimed to lessen the smoking habit hazards. However, controversial data regarding its properties occur in the literature with no comprehensive overview or analysis of its effects. Like herbal smokeless tobacco, they are often used to substitute for tobacco products (primarily cigarettes) regarded as a "nonsmoking" aid. This review capitalizes on herbal cigarettes with regard to their quality characteristics, sensory attributes, chemical composition, and health properties to rationalize their choice as a nonsmoking aid. Furthermore, the impacts of heat and/or pyrolysis that occur during smoking on its chemical composition are presented for the first time. Some herbal smokes may produce notable metabolic problems that increase the risk of several chronic metabolic diseases. In general, burning substances from plants can have a variety of negative effects on the body attributed to toxic chemicals such as carbon monoxide, polyaromatics, nicotine, and N-nitrosamines. This review compiles and discusses the phytochemical compositions detected in various herbal cigarettes alongside sensory and quality attributes and health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania
T. Abdel Rahman
- Phytochemistry
and National Products Department, Technical Office of Central Administration
of Drug Control, Egyptian Drug Authority
(EDA), Giza 12553, Egypt
| | - Nurkhalida Kamal
- Institute
of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmed Mediani
- Institute
of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohamed A. Farag
- Pharmacognosy
Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Safar HF, Ali AH, Zakaria NH, Kamal N, Hassan NI, Agustar HK, Talip N, Latip J. Steroids from Diplazium esculentum: Antiplasmodial activity and molecular docking studies to investigate their binding modes. Trop Biomed 2022; 39:552-558. [PMID: 36602215 DOI: 10.47665/tb.39.4.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Diplazium esculentum is an edible fern commonly consumed by the local community in Malaysia either as food or medicine. Isolation work on the ethyl acetate extract of the stem of D. esculentum resulted in the purification of two steroids, subsequently identified as stigmasterol (compound 1) and ergosterol5,8-endoperoxide (compound 2). Upon further testing, compound 2 displayed strong inhibitory activity against the Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 (chloroquine-sensitive) strain, with an IC50 of 4.27±1.15 µM, while compound 1 was inactive. In silico data revealed that compound 2 showed good binding affinity to P. falciparum-Sarco endoplasmic reticulum calcium-dependent ATPase (PfATP6); however, compound 1 did not show an antiplasmodial effect due to the lack of a peroxide moiety in the chemical structure. Our data suggested that the antiplasmodial activity of compound 2 from D. esculentum might be due to the inhibition of PfATP6, which resulted in both in vitro and in silico inhibitory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Safar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - A H Ali
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N H Zakaria
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N Kamal
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N I Hassan
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - H K Agustar
- Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N Talip
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - J Latip
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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Mediani A, Hamezah HS, Jam FA, Mahadi NF, Chan SXY, Rohani ER, Che Lah NH, Azlan UK, Khairul Annuar NA, Azman NAF, Bunawan H, Sarian MN, Kamal N, Abas F. A comprehensive review of drying meat products and the associated effects and changes. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1057366. [PMID: 36518998 PMCID: PMC9742493 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1057366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Preserving fresh food, such as meat, is significant in the effort of combating global food scarcity. Meat drying is a common way of preserving meat with a rich history in many cultures around the globe. In modern days, dried meat has become a well enjoyed food product in the market because of its long shelf-life, taste and health benefits. This review aims to compile information on how the types of meat, ingredients and the used drying technologies influence the characteristics of dried meat in physicochemical, microbial, biochemical and safety features along with technological future prospects in the dried meat industry. The quality of dried meat can be influenced by a variety of factors, including its production conditions and the major biochemical changes that occur throughout the drying process, which are also discussed in this review. Additionally, the sensory attributes of dried meat are also reviewed, whereby the texture of meat and the preference of the market are emphasized. There are other aspects and concerning issues that are suggested for future studies. It is well-known that reducing the water content in meat helps in preventing microbial growth, which in turn prevents the presence of harmful substances in meat. However, drying the meat can change the characteristics of the meat itself, making consumers concerned on whether dried meat is safe to be consumed on a regular basis. It is important to consider the role of microbial enzymes and microbes in the preservation of their flavor when discussing dried meats and dried meat products. The sensory, microbiological, and safety elements of dried meat are also affected by these distinctive changes, which revolve around customer preferences and health concerns, particularly how drying is efficient in eliminating/reducing hazardous bacteria from the fish. Interestingly, some studies have concentrated on increasing the efficiency of dried meat production to produce a safer range of dried meat products with less effort and time. This review compiled important information from all available online research databases. This review may help the food sector in improving the efficiency and safety of meat drying, reducing food waste, while maintaining the quality and nutritional content of dried meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mediani
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | | | | | - Sharon Xi Ying Chan
- Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | | | - Noor Hanini Che Lah
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ummi Kalthum Azlan
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Nur Aida Fatin Azman
- Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Multimedia University, Malacca, Malaysia
| | - Hamidun Bunawan
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Murni Nazira Sarian
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurkhalida Kamal
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Faridah Abas
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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7
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Fitri N, Chan SXY, Che Lah NH, Jam FA, Misnan NM, Kamal N, Sarian MN, Mohd Lazaldin MA, Low CF, Hamezah HS, Rohani ER, Mediani A, Abas F. A Comprehensive Review on the Processing of Dried Fish and the Associated Chemical and Nutritional Changes. Foods 2022; 11:foods11192938. [PMID: 36230013 PMCID: PMC9562176 DOI: 10.3390/foods11192938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish is a good source of nutrients, although it is easily spoiled. As such, drying is a common method of preserving fish to compensate for its perishability. Dried fish exists in different cultures with varying types of fish used and drying methods. These delicacies are not only consumed for their convenience and for their health benefits, as discussed in this review. Most commonly, salt and spices are added to dried fish to enhance the flavours and to decrease the water activity (aw) of the fish, which further aids the drying process. For fish to be dried effectively, the temperature, drying environment, and time need to be considered along with the butchering method used on the raw fish prior to drying. Considering the various contributing factors, several physicochemical and biochemical changes will certainly occur in the fish. In this review, the pH, water activity (aw), lipid oxidation, and colour changes in fish drying are discussed as well as the proximate composition of dried fish. With these characteristic changes in dried fish, the sensory, microbial and safety aspects of dried fish are also affected, revolving around the preferences of consumers and their health concerns, especially based on how drying is efficient in eliminating/reducing harmful microbes from the fish. Interestingly, several studies have focused on upscaling the efficiency of dried fish production to generate a safer line of dried fish products with less effort and time. An exploratory approach of the published literature was conducted to achieve the purpose of this review. This evaluation gathers important information from all available library databases from 1990 to 2022. In general, this review will benefit the fishery and food industry by enabling them to enhance the efficiency and safety of fish drying, hence minimising food waste without compromising the quality and nutritional values of dried fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nursyah Fitri
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
| | - Sharon Xi Ying Chan
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
| | - Noor Hanini Che Lah
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Faidruz Azura Jam
- Faculty of Medicine, Manipal University College Malaysia (MUCM), Jalan Padang Jambu, Bukit Baru 75150, Malaysia
| | - Norazlan Mohmad Misnan
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Nurkhalida Kamal
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Murni Nazira Sarian
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | | | - Chen Fei Low
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Hamizah Shahirah Hamezah
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Emelda Rosseleena Rohani
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +603-8921-4546
| | - Ahmed Mediani
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Faridah Abas
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
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Pauzi A, Muhammad N, Abdullah N, Kamal N. Current authentication methods of herbs and herbal products: a systematic
review. Food Res 2022. [DOI: 10.26656/fr.2017.6(4).468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The authentication of herbal species is of great concern for the quality control of herbal
products. Hence, many authentication methods have been developed for the accurate
identification of herbal species. This systematic review aimed to gather information and
provide evidence about the current authentication methods for several herbs and herbal
products. In this study, the methodological quality was also evaluated using the Preferred
Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement
checklist method. As a result, a total of seventeen articles were found to suit the inclusion
criteria of this study, which include molecular-based analysis, chemical fingerprinting, as
well as macroscopic and analogical analysis. All of these methods have different
approaches to the authentication of herbal-related products, and it also depends on the
specific needs. This review also asserts that the combination methods might be a useful
alternative for authentication purposes that produce better results. The multivariate
analysis combined with analytical methods could be a great combination due to its great
performance in authentication and suitability for routine screening.
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Kamal N, Mio Asni NS, Rozlan INA, Mohd Azmi MAH, Mazlan NW, Mediani A, Baharum SN, Latip J, Assaw S, Edrada-Ebel RA. Traditional Medicinal Uses, Phytochemistry, Biological Properties, and Health Applications of Vitex sp. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:plants11151944. [PMID: 35893648 PMCID: PMC9370779 DOI: 10.3390/plants11151944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The genus Vitex is also known as a chaste tree, in which it is a large shrub native to the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. A diverse range of species is distributed throughout Southern Europe, the Mediterranean, and Central Asia. The Vitex tree, including its leaves and fruits, has been used for herbal remedies in the form of pastes, decoctions, and dried fruits since ancient times. This article aimed to prepare a comprehensive review of traditional uses and secondary metabolites derived from Vitex sp., including the chemical compounds, biological activities, application of Vitex in human clinical trials, toxicology and safety, marketed products, and patents. The scientific findings were obtained using a number of search engines and databases, including Google Scholar, PMC, and ScienceDirect. Vitex species are well known in pharmacology to have medicinal values, such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. Previous studies reported that some species are proven to be effective in treating diseases, such as diabetes, and improving female health. A total of 161 compounds from different Vitex species are reported, covering the literature from 1982 to 2022. A chemical analysis report of various studies identified that Vitex exhibited a wide range of phytoconstituents, such as iridoid, diterpenoid, ecdysteroid, and flavonoid and phenolic compounds. Apart from that, the review will also discuss the application of Vitex in human clinical trials, toxicology and safety, marketed products, and patents of the genus. While the extracts of the genus have been made into many commercial products, including supplements and essential oils, most of them are made to be used by women to improve menstrual conditions and relieve premenstrual syndrome. Among the species, Vitex agnus-castus L. is the only one that has been reported to undergo clinical trials, mainly related to the use of the genus for the treatment of mastalgia, menstrual bleeding problems, amenorrhea, menorrhagia, luteal insufficiency, and premenstrual syndrome. Overall, the review addresses recent therapeutic breakthroughs and identifies research gaps that should be explored for prospective research work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurkhalida Kamal
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia; (N.S.M.A.); (I.N.A.R.); (A.M.); (S.N.B.)
| | - Nurul Syahidah Mio Asni
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia; (N.S.M.A.); (I.N.A.R.); (A.M.); (S.N.B.)
| | - Ivana Nur Allisya Rozlan
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia; (N.S.M.A.); (I.N.A.R.); (A.M.); (S.N.B.)
| | - Muhammad Aniq Hamzah Mohd Azmi
- Analytical and Environmental Chemistry Unit, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Malaysia;
| | - Noor Wini Mazlan
- Analytical and Environmental Chemistry Unit, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Malaysia;
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Malaysia;
| | - Ahmed Mediani
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia; (N.S.M.A.); (I.N.A.R.); (A.M.); (S.N.B.)
| | - Syarul Nataqain Baharum
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia; (N.S.M.A.); (I.N.A.R.); (A.M.); (S.N.B.)
| | - Jalifah Latip
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia;
| | - Suvik Assaw
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Malaysia;
- Marine Biology Unit, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Malaysia
| | - Ru Angelie Edrada-Ebel
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde (SIPBS), The John Arbuthnott Building, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK;
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Kamal N, Ilowefah MA, Hilles AR, Anua NA, Awin T, Alshwyeh HA, Aldosary SK, Jambocus NGS, Alosaimi AA, Rahman A, Mahmood S, Mediani A. Genesis and Mechanism of Some Cancer Types and an Overview on the Role of Diet and Nutrition in Cancer Prevention. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27061794. [PMID: 35335158 PMCID: PMC8955916 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major disease with a high mortality rate worldwide. In many countries, cancer is considered to be the second most common cause of death after cardiovascular disease. The clinical management of cancer continues to be a challenge as conventional treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy, have limitations due to their toxicity profiles. Unhealthy lifestyle and poor dietary habits are the key risk factors for cancer; having a healthy diet and lifestyle may minimize the risk. Epidemiological studies have shown that a high fruit and vegetable intake in our regular diet can effectively reduce the risk of developing certain types of cancers due to the high contents of antioxidants and phytochemicals. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that phytochemicals exert significant anticancer effects due to their free radical scavenging capacity potential. There has been extensive research on the protective effects of phytochemicals in different types of cancers. This review attempts to give an overview of the etiology of different types of cancers and assesses the role of phytonutrients in the prevention of cancers, which makes the present review distinct from the others available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurkhalida Kamal
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia; (N.K.); (N.A.A.)
| | - Muna Abdulsalam Ilowefah
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Sabha University, Sabha 00218, Libya;
| | - Ayah Rebhi Hilles
- Institute for Halal Research and Training (INHART), International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 53100, Malaysia;
| | - Nurul Adlina Anua
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia; (N.K.); (N.A.A.)
| | - Tahani Awin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Benghazi, Qar Yunis, Benghazi 5341, Libya;
| | - Hussah Abdullah Alshwyeh
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.A.); (S.K.A.); (A.A.A.)
- Basic & Applied Scientific Research Centre, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahar Khamees Aldosary
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.A.); (S.K.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Najla Gooda Sahib Jambocus
- Ministry of Education, Tertiary Education, Science and Technology, MITD House, Phoenix 73544, Mauritius;
| | - Areej A. Alosaimi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.A.); (S.K.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Azizur Rahman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Syed Mahmood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (A.M.); Tel.: +603-7967-4909 (S.M.); +601-7357-0420 (A.M.)
| | - Ahmed Mediani
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia; (N.K.); (N.A.A.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (A.M.); Tel.: +603-7967-4909 (S.M.); +601-7357-0420 (A.M.)
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11
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Mediani A, Kamal N, Lee SY, Abas F, Farag MA. Green Extraction Methods for Isolation of Bioactive Substances from Coffee Seed and Spent. Separation & Purification Reviews 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2022.2027444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mediani
- Metabolomics Research Laboratory, Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, 43600, Malaysia
| | - Nurkhalida Kamal
- Metabolomics Research Laboratory, Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, 43600, Malaysia
| | - Soo Yee Lee
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory (NaturMeds), Institute of Bioscience Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Faridah Abas
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory (NaturMeds), Institute of Bioscience Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Mohamed A. Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Alshwyeh HA, Aldosary SK, Ilowefah MA, Shahzad R, Shehzad A, Bilal S, Lee IJ, Mater JAA, Al-Shakhoari FN, Alqahtani WA, Kamal N, Mediani A. Biological Potentials and Phytochemical Constituents of Raw and Roasted Nigella arvensis and Nigella sativa. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27020550. [PMID: 35056865 PMCID: PMC8779992 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nigella species are widely used to cure various ailments. Their health benefits, particularly from the seed oils, could be attributed to the presence of a variety of bioactive components. Roasting is a critical process that has historically been used to facilitate oil extraction and enhance flavor; it may also alter the chemical composition and biological properties of the Nigella seed. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the roasting process on the composition of the bioactive components and the biological activities of Nigella arvensis and Nigella sativa seed extracts. Our preliminary study showed that seeds roasted at 50 °C exhibited potent antimicrobial activities; therefore, this temperature was selected for roasting Nigella seeds. For extraction, raw and roasted seed samples were macerated in methanol. The antimicrobial activities against Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Klebsiella oxytoca were determined by measuring the diameter of the zone of inhibition. The cell viability of extracts was tested in a colon carcinoma cell line, HCT-116, by using a microculture tetrazolium technique (MTT) assay. Amino acids were extracted and quantified using an automatic amino acid analyzer. Then, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis was performed to identify the chemical constituents and fatty acids. As a result, the extracts of raw and roasted seeds in both Nigella species showed strong inhibition against Klebsiella oxytoca, and the raw seed extract of N.arvensis demonstrated moderate inhibition against S. pyogenes. The findings of the MTT assay indicated that all the extracts significantly decreased cancer cell viability. Moreover, N. sativa species possessed higher contents of the measured amino acids, except tyrosine, cystine, and methionine. The GC–MS analysis of extracts showed the presence of 22 and 13 compounds in raw and roasted N. arvensis, respectively, and 9 and 11 compounds in raw and roasted N. sativa, respectively. However, heat treatment decreased the detectable components to 13 compounds in roasted N. arvensis and increased them in roasted N. sativa. These findings indicate that N. arvensis and N. sativa could be potential sources of anticancer and antimicrobials, where the bioactive compounds play a pivotal role as functional components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussah Abdullah Alshwyeh
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441-1982, Saudi Arabia; (S.K.A.); (J.A.A.M.); (F.N.A.-S.); (W.A.A.)
- Correspondence: (H.A.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Sahar Khamees Aldosary
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441-1982, Saudi Arabia; (S.K.A.); (J.A.A.M.); (F.N.A.-S.); (W.A.A.)
| | - Muna Abdulsalam Ilowefah
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Sabha University, Sabha, Libya;
| | - Raheem Shahzad
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan;
| | - Adeeb Shehzad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (SMME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Bolan Road, H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Saqib Bilal
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman;
| | - In-Jung Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Jannah Ahmed Al Mater
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441-1982, Saudi Arabia; (S.K.A.); (J.A.A.M.); (F.N.A.-S.); (W.A.A.)
| | - Fatima Najf Al-Shakhoari
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441-1982, Saudi Arabia; (S.K.A.); (J.A.A.M.); (F.N.A.-S.); (W.A.A.)
| | - Waad Abdulrahman Alqahtani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441-1982, Saudi Arabia; (S.K.A.); (J.A.A.M.); (F.N.A.-S.); (W.A.A.)
| | - Nurkhalida Kamal
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Ahmed Mediani
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: (H.A.A.); (A.M.)
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Azman AA, Nadiah N, Rosandy AR, Alwi A, Kamal N, Mohd Khalid R, Abu Bakar M. Antimicrobial Activity and LC-MS Data Comparison from Lichen Parmotrema praesorediosum in Malaysia. SAINS MALAYS 2021. [DOI: 10.17576/jsm-2021-5002-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The research study regarding antimicrobial activity of pure compounds and LCMS data comparison from extract of lichen Parmotrema praesorediosum in Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. Antimicrobial activity of acetone, ethanol, and methanol extracts as well as five compounds, namely methyl divaricatinate, methyl haematommate, methyl chlorohaematommate, methyl β-orsellinate, and vinapraesorediosic acid from methanol extract were identified for the microbial activity against four bacterial species, Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogens, and Escerichia coli as well as two fungal species, Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosisbased on standards. The determination of IC50 using minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) by broth microdilution method was carried out. For acetone extract, 201 μg/mL concentration was required to inhibit 50% (IC50) growth of positive gram bacteria, S. aureus while the concentrations of 430 and 480 μg/mL were able to inhibit 50% (IC50) growth of C. albicans and C. parapsilosis, respectively. Ethanol and methanol extract as well as five pure compounds did not inhibit 50% (IC50) of bacterial and yeast growths. Five pure compounds were first reported to determine IC50 of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) from lichen, Parmotrema praesorediosum in Malaysia. The comparison of LC-MS data between ethanol and acetone extracts showed that there was a peak of the main compound, atranorin in the acetone extract, but was invisible in the ethanol extract where the main bond broke down and produced other compounds. Result of pure compounds from antimicrobial activity and LCMS data comparison from extract of lichen Parmotrema praesorediosum were first reported in Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. Data produced from this study will be used to show the comparison and latest result that will provide ongoing body of research into the issue of natural product.
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Kamal N, Tarafdar A, Sinha A, Kumar V. Effect of Glucose Cometabolism on Biodegradation of Gabapentin (an Anticonvulsant Drug) by Gram-Positive Bacteria Micrococcus luteus N.ISM.1. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683820040067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Boulhen F, Aatfaoui S, Zinoune M, Kamal N. A giant lymphedema revealing a congenital analbuminemia. Clin Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Rozila I, Abdul Manap N, Ghazali L, Kamal N, Abdul Hakeem W, Mohd Manzor NF, Chowdhury S, Abdul Rahman S. The antioxidant properties and anticancer effect of Medjool dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.) on human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells: in vitro study. Front Pharmacol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/conf.fphar.2019.63.00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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17
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Azad AK, Laboni FR, Rashid H, Ferdous S, Rashid SS, Kamal N, Labu ZK, Islam MS, Islam Sarker Z. In vitro evaluation of Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. for thrombolytic, antioxidant, membrane stabilizing and antimicrobial activities. Nat Prod Res 2018; 34:2394-2397. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1538216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abul Kalam Azad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | | | - Harun Rashid
- Department of Pharmacy, World University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sahena Ferdous
- Faculty of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Shah Samiur Rashid
- Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, University Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Nurkhalida Kamal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Cyberjaya University College of Medical Sciences, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zubair Khalid Labu
- Department of Pharmacy, World University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M. S. Islam
- Faculty of Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Zaidul Islam Sarker
- Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
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18
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Boulanger JM, Lindsay MP, Gubitz G, Smith EE, Stotts G, Foley N, Bhogal S, Boyle K, Braun L, Goddard T, Heran MKS, Kanya-Forster N, Lang E, Lavoie P, McClelland M, O’Kelly C, Pageau P, Pettersen J, Purvis H, Shamy M, Tampieri D, vanAdel B, Verbeek R, Blacquiere D, Casaubon L, Ferguson D, Hegedus Y, Jacquin GJ, Kelly M, Kamal N, Linkewich B, Lum C, Mann B, Milot G, Newcommon N, Poirier P, Simpkin W, Snieder E, Trivedi A, Whelan R, Eustace M, Smitko E, Butcher K. Canadian Stroke Best Practice Recommendations for Acute Stroke Management: Prehospital, Emergency Department, and Acute Inpatient Stroke Care, 6th Edition, Update 2018. Int J Stroke 2018; 13:949-984. [DOI: 10.1177/1747493018786616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The 2018 update of the Canadian Stroke Best Practice Recommendations for Acute Stroke Management, 6th edition, is a comprehensive summary of current evidence-based recommendations, appropriate for use by healthcare providers and system planners caring for persons with very recent symptoms of acute stroke or transient ischemic attack. The recommendations are intended for use by a interdisciplinary team of clinicians across a wide range of settings and highlight key elements involved in prehospital and Emergency Department care, acute treatments for ischemic stroke, and acute inpatient care. The most notable changes included in this 6th edition are the renaming of the module and its integration of the formerly separate modules on prehospital and emergency care and acute inpatient stroke care. The new module, Acute Stroke Management: Prehospital, Emergency Department, and Acute Inpatient Stroke Care is now a single, comprehensive module addressing the most important aspects of acute stroke care delivery. Other notable changes include the removal of two sections related to the emergency management of intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage. These topics are covered in a new, dedicated module, to be released later this year. The most significant recommendation updates are for neuroimaging; the extension of the time window for endovascular thrombectomy treatment out to 24 h; considerations for treating a highly selected group of people with stroke of unknown time of onset; and recommendations for dual antiplatelet therapy for a limited duration after acute minor ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack. This module also emphasizes the need for increased public and healthcare provider’s recognition of the signs of stroke and immediate actions to take; the important expanding role of paramedics and all emergency medical services personnel; arriving at a stroke-enabled Emergency Department without delay; and launching local healthcare institution code stroke protocols. Revisions have also been made to the recommendations for the triage and assessment of risk of recurrent stroke after transient ischemic attack/minor stroke and suggested urgency levels for investigations and initiation of management strategies. The goal of this updated guideline is to optimize stroke care across Canada, by reducing practice variations and reducing the gap between current knowledge and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- JM Boulanger
- Charles-LeMoyne Hospital, Neurology, Longueuil, Quebec, Canada
- Université de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - MP Lindsay
- Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - G Gubitz
- Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Center, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Canadian Stroke Consortium, Oakville, Ontario, Canada
| | - EE Smith
- Calgary Stroke Program, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - G Stotts
- Canadian Stroke Consortium, Oakville, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Stroke Program, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - N Foley
- workHORSE Consulting Services, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Bhogal
- workHORSE Consulting Services, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - K Boyle
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - L Braun
- Emergency Medical Services, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - T Goddard
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Valley Regional Hospital, Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - MKS Heran
- Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - N Kanya-Forster
- Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
- Timmins & District Hospital, Timmins, Ontario, Canada
| | - E Lang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - P Lavoie
- Department of Surgery, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - M McClelland
- Interior Health Research Department, Kelowna General Hospital, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - C O’Kelly
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - P Pageau
- Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Pettersen
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - H Purvis
- Cancer Care Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - M Shamy
- Ottawa Stroke Program, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Tampieri
- Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - B vanAdel
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - R Verbeek
- Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Blacquiere
- Canadian Stroke Consortium, Oakville, Ontario, Canada
- Saint John Regional Health Centre, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - L Casaubon
- Canadian Stroke Consortium, Oakville, Ontario, Canada
- University Health Network (Toronto Western Hospital) Stroke Program, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Ferguson
- Saint John Regional Health Centre, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Y Hegedus
- Vancouver Island Health Authority, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - GJ Jacquin
- Centre hospitalier de l’université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - M Kelly
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - N Kamal
- Calgary Stroke Program, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - B Linkewich
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Lum
- Ottawa Stroke Program, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - B Mann
- Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - G Milot
- CHU de Québec, Laval University, Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - N Newcommon
- Calgary Stroke Program, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - P Poirier
- Paramedic Association of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - W Simpkin
- Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Center, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - E Snieder
- Ottawa Stroke Program, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Trivedi
- Section of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - R Whelan
- University Hospital, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - M Eustace
- Health Sciences Centre, St. Johns, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - E Smitko
- Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - K Butcher
- Division of Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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19
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Alshaibani M, Zin NM, Jalil J, Sidik N, Ahmad SJ, Kamal N, Edrada-Ebel R. Isolation, Purification, and Characterization of Five Active Diketopiperazine Derivatives from Endophytic Streptomyces SUK 25 with Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 27:1249-1256. [PMID: 28535606 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1608.08032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
In our search for new sources of bioactive secondary metabolites from Streptomyces sp., the ethyl acetate extracts from endophytic Streptomyces SUK 25 afforded five active diketopiperazine (DKP) compounds. The aim of this study was to characterize the bioactive compounds isolated from endophytic Streptomyces SUK 25 and evaluate their bioactivity against multiple drug resistance (MDR) bacteria such as Enterococcus raffinosus, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumanii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp., and their cytotoxic activities against the human hepatoma (HepaRG) cell line. The production of secondary metabolites by this strain was optimized through Thornton's medium. Isolation, purification, and identification of the bioactive compounds were carried out using high-performance liquid chromatography, high-resolution mass liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance, and cryopreserved HepaRG cells were selected to test the cytotoxicity. The results showed that endophytic Streptomyces SUK 25 produces four active DKP compounds and an acetamide derivative, which were elucidated as cyclo-(L-Val-L-Pro), cyclo-(L-Leu-L-Pro), cyclo-(L-Phe-L-Pro), cyclo-(L-Val-L-Phe), and N-(7-hydroxy-6-methyl-octyl)-acetamide. These active compounds exhibited activity against methicillin-resistant S. aureus ATCC 43300 and Enterococcus raffinosus, with low toxicity against human hepatoma HepaRG cells. Endophytic Streptomyces SUK 25 has the ability to produce DKP derivatives biologically active against some MDR bacteria with relatively low toxicity against HepaRG cells line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhanna Alshaibani
- Programme of Biomedical Science, School of Diagnostic and Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noraziah Mohamad Zin
- Programme of Biomedical Science, School of Diagnostic and Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Juriyati Jalil
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nik Sidik
- Faculty of Ago-based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, 17600 Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Siti Junaidah Ahmad
- Programme of Biomedical Science, School of Diagnostic and Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nurkhalida Kamal
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cyberjaya University College of Medical Sciences, 63000 Cyberjaya, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Ruangelie Edrada-Ebel
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland
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Goyal M, Wilson AT, Mayank D, Kamal N, Robinson DH, Turkel-Parrella D, Hirsch JA. John Nash and the Organization of Stroke Care. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2017; 39:217-218. [PMID: 29191869 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The concept of Nash equilibrium, developed by John Forbes Nash Jr, states that an equilibrium in noncooperative games is reached when each player takes the best action for himself or herself, taking into account the actions of the other players. We apply this concept to the provision of endovascular thrombectomy in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke and suggest that collaboration among hospitals in a health care jurisdiction could result in practices such as shared call pools for neurointervention teams, leading to better patient care through streamlined systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Goyal
- From the Department of Radiology and Clinical Neurosciences (M.G., A.T.W., N.K.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - A T Wilson
- From the Department of Radiology and Clinical Neurosciences (M.G., A.T.W., N.K.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - D Mayank
- Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering (D.M.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - N Kamal
- From the Department of Radiology and Clinical Neurosciences (M.G., A.T.W., N.K.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - D H Robinson
- Department of Radiology (D.H.R.), Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - D Turkel-Parrella
- Department of Neurology (D.T.-P.), Division of Neurointerventional Radiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - J A Hirsch
- Department of Neurointerventional Radiology (J.A.H.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Alshaibani MM, Mohamad Zin N, Jalil J, Sidik NM, Ahmad SJ, Kamal N, Edrada-Ebel R. Erratum to: Isolation, Purification, and Characterization of Five Active Diketopiperazine Derivatives from Endophytic Streptomyces SUK 25 with Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 27:2074. [PMID: 29169008 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2017.2711.2074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
This erratum is being published to correct the 2nd author's name of above manuscript by Alshaibani et al. that was published in Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology (2017, 27: 1249-1256). The 2nd author name(Noraziah MohamadZin) should appear as 'Noraziah Mohamad Zin'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhanna M Alshaibani
- Programme of Biomedical Science, School of Diagnostic and Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan, Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noraziah Mohamad Zin
- Programme of Biomedical Science, School of Diagnostic and Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan, Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Juriyati Jalil
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nik Marzuki Sidik
- Faculty of Ago-based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, 17600 Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Siti Junaidah Ahmad
- Programme of Biomedical Science, School of Diagnostic and Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan, Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nurkhalida Kamal
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cyberjaya University College of Medical Sciences, 63000 Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - RuAngelie Edrada-Ebel
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland
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Kamal N, Viegelmann CV, Clements CJ, Edrada-Ebel R. Metabolomics-Guided Isolation of Anti-trypanosomal Metabolites from the Endophytic Fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae. Planta Med 2017; 83:565-573. [PMID: 27760442 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-118601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Fungal endophytes offer diverse and unique secondary metabolites, making these organisms potential sources of promising drug leads. The application of high-resolution-liquid chromatography mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics to fungal endophytes is practical in terms of dereplication studies and the mining of bioactive compounds. In this paper, we report the application of metabolomics in parallel with anti-trypanosomal assays to determine the ideal conditions for the medium-scale fermentation of the endophyte Lasiodiplodia theobromae. The 1H NMR comparison between the active versus inactive fractions identified several unique chemical fingerprints belonging to the active fractions. Furthermore, by integrating high-resolution-liquid chromatography mass spectrometry data with multivariate data analysis, such as orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and the bioactivity results of the fractions of L. theobromae, the anti-trypanosomal agents were easily discerned. With available databases such as Antibase and Dictionary of Natural Products coupled to MZmine through in-house algorithms optimized in our laboratory, the predicted metabolites were readily identified prior to isolation. Fractionation was performed on the active fractions and three known compounds were isolated, namely, cladospirone B, desmethyl-lasiodiplodin, and R-(-)-mellein. Cladospirone B and desmethyl-lasiodiplodin were among the predicted compounds generated by the OPLS-DA S-plot, and these compounds exhibited good activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 17.8 µM and 22.5 µM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurkhalida Kamal
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Christina V Viegelmann
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Carol J Clements
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - RuAngelie Edrada-Ebel
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Mandal P, Sarkar R, Mandal A, Patel P, Kamal N. Study on Airborne Heavy Metals in Industrialized Urban Area of Delhi, India. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2016; 97:798-805. [PMID: 27743040 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-016-1944-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the concentrations of airborne heavy metals (HMs) in particulate matter with a cutoff size of 10 µm (i.e., PM10) in an industrialized urban area (Naraina Industrial Area) of New Delhi, India. The samples were collected from January to December, 2011. The annual mean concentrations of selected HMs were as follows As (0.002 ± 0.002), Cd (0.030 ± 0.020), Co (0.003 ± 0.002), Cr (0.170 ± 0.081), Cu (0.183 ± 0.120), Fe (4.774 ± 1.889), Mn (0.258 ± 0.145), Ni (0.170 ± 0.146), Pb (0.345 ± 0.207) and Zn (1.806 ± 1.042) µg/m3. The seasonal trend for HMs followed the order postmonsoon > winter > premonsoon > monsoon. Principal component analysis-multiple linear regression (PCA-MLR) suggested the three major emission sources: industrial emission (70 %), mobile and stationary combustion sources (16 %), and suspended/re-suspended dust (14 %). Mean seasonal concentrations of PM10 exceeded both the 24-hour and annual Indian National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) of 60 and 100 µg/m3, respectively, in all four seasons. Mean seasonal Ni concentrations in Delhi ambient air also exceeded the 24-h annual NAAQS of 0.020 µg/m3 during all four seasons. Mean Pb concentrations exceeded the annual NAAQS of 0.50 µg/m3 only during the post monsoon season. The high levels of Ni- and Pb-contaminated PM10 would appear to present the possibility of significant health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Papiya Mandal
- CSIR-NEERI, Delhi Zonal Laboratory, New Delhi, 110028, India.
- Department of Civil Engineering, Delhi Technological University, New Delhi, 110042, India.
| | - R Sarkar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Delhi Technological University, New Delhi, 110042, India
| | - A Mandal
- Department of Civil Engineering, Delhi Technological University, New Delhi, 110042, India
| | - P Patel
- CSIR-NEERI, Delhi Zonal Laboratory, New Delhi, 110028, India
| | - N Kamal
- CSIR-NEERI, Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440020, India
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Polosina E, Keltz M, Kamal N, McGovern P. Low BMI and Chlamydia Infection Are Additional Risk Factors for the Development of Intrauterine Adhesions. Fertil Steril 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.11.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Al-Zifzaf D, Kamel NS, Kamal N, El-Ganzoury A, Omar AN, Abdel-Kader AAL. AB0653 Auditory evoked potentials in diagnosis of fibromyalgia. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.2975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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El-Shabrawi MHF, El Din ZE, Isa M, Kamal N, Hassanin F, El-Koofy N, El-Batran G, El-Makarem SA, El-Hennawy A. Colorectal polyps: a frequently-missed cause of rectal bleeding in Egyptian children. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 31:213-8. [PMID: 21781415 DOI: 10.1179/1465328111y.0000000014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Colorectal polyps are important causes of rectal bleeding but they have been infrequently reported in Egyptian children. The prevalence and characteristics of colorectal polyps in a consecutive cohort of Egyptian children with rectal bleeding are presented. METHODS A total of 174 children aged 2-12 years [mean (SD) 6.4 (3.7)] with fresh rectal bleeding were enrolled prospectively. Rectal examination, laboratory investigations and fibre-optic colonoscopy were performed in all patients. RESULTS The source of bleeding was diagnosed as colorectal polyps in 100 patients (57.4%) and was owing to other causes in 74. The interval between onset of symptoms and presentation ranged from 2 to 48 months [mean (SD) 18.3 (16)]. In patients with other causes, rectal bleeding was attributed to intestinal amoebiasis (42), diarrhoea/dysentery (18), severe constipation (2) and intestinal schistosomiasis (2). Polyps were solitary in 56 children (56%) and ranged from 2 to 5 in 34 (34%) and >5 in 10 (10%). Polyps were confined to the rectum in 68 children, were rectosigmoid in 20, in the descending colon in 8, and splenic flexure in 4. Polyps were juvenile in 84 children (84%), inflammatory in 10 (10%) and hyperplastic, schistosomal or adenomatous in 2 each (6%). Colonoscopic polypectomy was successful and arrested the bleeding in all cases. CONCLUSION In Egyptian children, colorectal polyps are relatively common and an easily treatable cause of fresh rectal bleeding. They should be high on the list of differential diagnoses.
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Cheeks M, Kamal N, Sorrell A, Darling D, Farzaneh F, Slater N. Immobilized metal affinity chromatography of histidine-tagged lentiviral vectors using monolithic adsorbents. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:2705-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2008] [Revised: 08/07/2008] [Accepted: 08/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kamal N, Sabaratnam V, Abdullah N, Ho ASH, Teo SH, Lee HB. Light-activated cytotoxic compounds from Malaysian microorganisms for photodynamic therapy of cancer. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2009; 95:179-88. [PMID: 19125347 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-008-9301-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2008] [Accepted: 12/18/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising cancer treatment which involves activation of a photosensitizing drug with light to produce reactive oxygen species that kill tumors without causing damage to unirradiated normal tissues. To date, only Photofrin, Foscan and Levulan have been approved for clinical treatment of cancer. Tropical habitats such as those found in Malaysia are attractive sources of new therapeutic compounds as tremendous chemical diversity is found in a large number of plants, animals, marine- and micro-organisms. In our screening program for novel photosensitizers from nature, colorful strains of fungi (from Aspergillus and Penicillium genus) and bacteria (including actinomycetes and photosynthetic bacteria) were collected from various habitats in Peninsular Malaysia, such as coastal soil, peat soil, marine sponges and wastewater ponds. Methanolic extracts from a total of 85 different species were evaluated with a short-term cell viability assay for photo-cytotoxicity, where a promyelocytic leukemia cell-line, HL60 incubated with 20 microg/ml of extracts was irradiated with 9.6 J/cm(2) of a broad spectrum light. Two of these extracts, one from Rhodobacter sphaeroides (PBUM003) and one from Rhodopseudomonas palustris (PBUM001) showed moderate to strong photo-cytotoxicity. Subsequent bioassay guided isolation of the PBUM001 extract yielded known photosensitisers that are based on bacteriochlorophyll-a by comparing their molecular weight data, HPLC profiles and UV-vis absorption spectra with literature values, thereby demonstrating the validity of our screening approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurkhalida Kamal
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation (CARIF), Level 2 Outpatient Centre, Subang Jaya Medical Centre, No 1 Jalan SS12/1A, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Kamal N, Joarder AH, Chowdhury AA, Khan AW. Prevalence of chronic suppurative otitis media among the children living in two selected slums of Dhaka City. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2004; 30:95-104. [PMID: 16240980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is one of the important health problems in our country. Serious complications may arise from it. As such the study was aimed to find out the prevalence of CSOM among the children of two-selected slum dwellers in Dhaka City. This was a descriptive type of cross-sectional study. A total of 203 samples were interviewed and examined. Altogether 7.39% of children were observed to have CSOM. Among CSOM cases, 60% had hearing impairment. Ear discharge and perforation were observed in 26.7% in right ear, 46.7% in left ear and 26.7% in both ears. Central perforation was present in 93% cases. Cholesteatoma was present in 6.7% cases. Among CSOM cases, 53.3% children were in 2-5 years age group, 80% were dependent, 53.3% cleaned ear by cotton buds, 93.3% lived in Kutcha house, 73.3% had a monthly income of TK. 1001-2000 and 46.7% belonged to families having 6 members. Out of 15 CSOM, 11 cases were seen among children of 141 illiterate mothers. Four cases of CSOM were found among children of 62 literate mothers. Among the 203 mothers, 65.52% were found aware, and 34.48% were not aware about the disease and sequel of CSOM. Here 39.9% mothers had knowledge and 60.01% had no knowledge about the treatment of CSOM. Among the CSOM cases 46.67% cases did not receive any treatment. In treatment receiving group, only 3(20%) children received it from MBBS doctor or Hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kamal
- Lalkuthi Maternity and Child Health Sub Center, Dhaka
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Abstract
This study uses the 1993-94 Bangladesh DHS to evaluate the effect of the woman's perception of her husband's approval of family planning on her current and future use of modern contraception, after controlling for selected socioeconomic and demographic factors. While most husbands support family planning, contraceptive use among those whose husbands do not approve of family planning is much lower. In some areas of Bangladesh, however, husband's disapproval of family planning is still a major deterrent factor for woman's fertility control. As husband's approval does appear to be a major determinant of contraceptive uptake in similar developing countries in the region, more effective male targeting may be necessary for maintaining the success of the family planning programme in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kamal
- School of Environmental Science and Management, Independent University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
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Abstract
This study in Bangladesh found that inter-cluster variation in the use of modern reversible methods of contraception was significantly attributable to the educational levels of the female family planning workers working in the clusters. Women belonging to clusters served by educated workers had a higher probability of being contraceptive users than those whose workers had only completed primary education. At the household level, important determinants of use were socioeconomic status and religion. At the individual level, the woman being the wife of the household head and having some education were positively related to her being a user. The model also found that inter-household variation was significantly greater than inter-cluster variation. Finally, the study concludes that after controlling for various covariates at all three levels, the clusters do not have significantly different levels of use of modern reversible methods of contraception. There are, however, some special areas where contraceptive use is dramatically low, and these contribute significantly to the observed inter-cluster variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kamal
- Department of Population-Environment, Independent University, Bangladesh
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Abstract
This study was conducted on 34 children with chronic renal failure: 27 on regular haemodialysis and seven on conservative treatment. Twenty normal healthy children served as controls. They were subjected to clinical examination including otoscopic examination, basic audiological assessment and transient otoacoustic emission testing (TOAE). Four patients had a conductive hearing loss and five had a bilateral moderately severe high frequency sensory neural hearing loss. TOAE testing was carried out for the rest whose ears displayed normal hearing. No response (fail) was obtained in 8% of them but in none of the controls and a partial pass response in 38% versus 10% of controls (P < 0.001). Cochlear dysfunction was significant only at low frequency levels. The mean overall echo-level and reproducibility were significantly lower in patients than in controls. The same holds true for the subgroup of patients on haemodialysis but not for those on conservative treatment. The overall echo-levels did not correlate with serum urea, creatinine, sodium or potassium.
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MESH Headings
- Acoustic Impedance Tests
- Acoustic Stimulation
- Adolescent
- Audiometry, Pure-Tone
- Audiometry, Speech
- Case-Control Studies
- Child
- Cochlear Diseases/diagnosis
- Cochlear Diseases/etiology
- Female
- Hearing Loss, Conductive/diagnosis
- Hearing Loss, Conductive/etiology
- Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/diagnosis
- Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/etiology
- Humans
- Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications
- Kidney Failure, Chronic/physiopathology
- Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy
- Male
- Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous
- Renal Dialysis
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Affiliation(s)
- M Samir
- Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Kamal N, Sloggett A. The effect of female family planning workers on the use of modern contraception in Bangladesh. Asia Pac Popul J 1996; 11:15-26. [PMID: 12320512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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Kamal N. Influence of family head's reproductive behaviour on the use of modern contraceptive methods by other members of the family in rural Bangladesh. J Biosoc Sci 1996; 28:297-303. [PMID: 8698709 DOI: 10.1017/s0021932000022367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A study in Bangladesh showed that the probability of use of modern contraception by eligible family members of a household increases significantly if the household head himself is a user. Multinomial logistic regression showed that contraceptive use was also significantly related with maternal age, parity, education, socioeconomic status and experience of child mortality. Inclusion of ever use of modern contraceptives by the family head or his wife, showed family head's religiosity to be a significant predictor of use, apart from his age and parity, and after controlling for socioeconomic correlates.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kamal
- Centre for Population Studies, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanisms of constipation and the effect of fiber supplementation on physiology, mechanisms, stool parameters, and colonic transit times in a group of constipated older patients. DESIGN Single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled fiber intervention with crossover. SETTING A university-based outpatient center. PATIENTS Ten community-living older men and women, healthy except for chronic constipation. INTERVENTIONS Patients were given either 24 g psyllium fiber or placebo fiber daily for 1 month, then crossed over to the other arm for an additional month. Structured testing, including total gut transit time and rectal and colonic manometry, was performed at the end of each intervention month. Patients recorded stool frequency, consistency, and weights daily. RESULTS The predominant mechanism for constipation in these patients was outlet delay caused by pelvic dyssynergia. Fiber decreased total gut transit time from 53.9 hours (placebo condition) to 30.0 hours (P < .05). Stool weights and consistency were not significantly improved by fiber, though there was a trend toward an increase in stool frequency (1.3 vs 0.8 bowel movements per day.) Pelvic floor dyssynergia was not remedied by fiber, even when constipation was clinically improved. CONCLUSIONS Fiber supplementation appeared to benefit constipated older patients clinically, and it improved colonic transit time, but it did not rectify the most frequent underlying abnormality, pelvic floor dyssynergia.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Cheskin
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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Kamal N. Role of government family planning workers and health centres as determinants of contraceptive use in Bangladesh. Asia Pac Popul J 1994; 9:59-65. [PMID: 12289003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
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Abstract
Auditory brain stem response (ABR) and middle latency response (MLR) were recorded in 49 epileptic patients. Responses were evoked and recorded at 90 dB nHL down to threshold. A statistically significant number of epileptic patients showed elevated ABR (30.1%) and MLR (40.7%) thresholds, even though their pure-tone audiograms showed normal hearing sensitivity. Threshold elevation was more frequent in subjects with grand mal epilepsy compared to subjects with temporal lobe epilepsy reflecting poorer response in the former subgroup. Furthermore, chronicity of illness was significantly related to the elevated ABR and MLR thresholds in grand mal patients in contrast to patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. On the other hand, the effect of antiepileptic drugs did not seem to be significantly related to the elevated thresholds in both subgroups. Threshold elevation was attributed to a disturbance in the neurotransmitters of the brain stem as well as other subcortical structures. The inhibitory effect of the efferent auditory pathway on the incoming neural signals was also suggested to explain such elevated thresholds.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Soliman
- Ear, Nose, and Throat Department, AinShams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Abstract
To determine if there are racial differences in the prevalence of spontaneous otoacoustic emissions (SOAEs), both ears of 20 Negro, 20 Asian and 20 Caucasian subjects were examined for the presence of SOAEs. Within each racial group, equal numbers of normally hearing males and females were tested. Significant differences in the occurrence of SOAEs were found between the three racial groups, with Negroes expressing more SOAEs than Caucasians, and Asians demonstrating an intermediate number of these emissions. In support of previous observations, more emissions were recorded from female than from male ears, and a significant correlation of the number of emissions in the two ears of an individual was also noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Whitehead
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Ear Institute, Florida
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Abstract
Anorectic and bulimic patients frequently report symptoms of constipation, bloating, and abdominal pain suggestive of abnormal gastrointestinal motility or transit. However, except for studies of gastric emptying, gastrointestinal motility and transit in these eating disorders have not been investigated. Ten anorectic and 18 bulimic inpatients were compared with 10 healthy controls. Whole-gut transit was tested by the radiopaque marker technique, and mouth-to-cecum transit time was assessed by the lactulose breath test. All anorectics and 67% of bulimics complained of constipation. Whole-gut transit time was significantly delayed in both anorectics (66.6 +/- 29.6 hours) and bulimics (70.2 +/- 32.4 hours) compared with controls (38.0 +/- 19.6 hours). Mouth-to-cecum transit time also tended to be longer in anorectics (109.0 +/- 33.5 minutes) and bulimics (106.2 +/- 24.5 minutes) than in controls (84.0 +/- 27.7 minutes), but these differences were not statistically significant. Delayed transit could contribute to or perpetuate the eating disorders by (a) causing the patient to feel bloated, thereby exacerbating fear of fatness, or (b) causing rectal distention, which may reflexly inhibit gastric emptying.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kamal
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Chami TN, Schuster MM, Bohlman ME, Pulliam TJ, Kamal N, Whitehead WE. A simple radiologic method to estimate the quantity of bowel gas. Am J Gastroenterol 1991; 86:599-602. [PMID: 2028951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Patients with functional bowel disorders frequently complain of bloating and abdominal pain, but no practical method is available to measure intestinal gas objectively. To evaluate a new technique, we evaluated 54 abdominal radiographs from 19 patients. A gastroenterologist and a radiologist independently outlined the intestinal gas bubbles in these films. Areas of gas bubbles were measured with a computer digitizing board. Bowel gas was also measured in 24 healthy controls, and in five emergency room patients, supine and erect radiographs were compared to evaluate the effects of position on bowel gas patterns. The two evaluators agreed well on the measured areas of bowel gas (r = 0.96), showing that this is a reliable method. Bowel gas was significantly greater in patients than in controls but did not correlate with symptoms. Bowel gas was significantly greater in supine than upright films, showing that the position of the patient must be standardized.
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Affiliation(s)
- T N Chami
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Abstract
An estrogen binding protein has been demonstrated in the cytosol of the epididymis and caudal lobe of prostate of immature rhesus monkey. Scatchard plot analyses were linear, suggesting a single class of high affinity binding sites for the synthetic estrogen, R-2858 (Moxestrol) with a Kd of 5.88 X 10(-10) mol/l and a concentration of binding sites of 17.0 +/- 4.4 fmol/mg cytosol protein in the epididymis. In the prostate, the concentration of binding sites was 19.7 +/- 3.6 fmol/mg cytosol protein with a Kd of 5.42 X 10(-10) mol/l. In immature castrated monkeys, administration of estradiol dipropionate caused a significant increase in the weight, total protein and sialic acid content of the epididymis. This biological action of estrogen on the epididymis is presumably mediated via estrogen receptor.
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Kamal N, Srivastava A, Setty BS. Studies on uptake and retention of (3H) estradiol-17 beta by accessory genital organs of male rat. Indian J Exp Biol 1984; 22:629-34. [PMID: 6534852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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