1
|
Ferrari SM, Antonelli A, Guidi P, Bernardeschi M, Scarcelli V, Fallahi P, Frenzilli G. Genotoxicity Evaluation of the Soybean Isoflavone Genistein in Human Papillary Thyroid Cancer Cells. Study of Its Potential Use in Thyroid Cancer Therapy. Nutr Cancer 2019; 71:1335-1344. [PMID: 31017483 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1604004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Genistein is one of the several known isoflavonic phytoestrogens found in a number of plants, with soybeans and soy products being the primary food source. The aim of the study is to evaluate if genistein is able to exert antineoplastic action in primary human papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) cells. Thyroid tissues were treated with genistein (1-10-50-100 µM). Cell viability, proliferation, DNA primary damage and chromosomal damage were evaluated. An antiproliferative effect was induced by the highest doses of genistein, and such an effect was synergistically enhanced by the cotreatment with the antineoplastic drug sorafenib. Comet assay did not show any genotoxic effect in terms of primary DNA damage at all the times (4 and 24 h) and tested doses. A reduction of hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA primary damage in primary thyrocytes from PTC cells pretreated with genistein was observed. Data suggest that genistein exerts antineoplastic action, does not induce genotoxic effects while reduces oxidative-induced DNA damage in primary thyrocytes from PTC cells, supporting its possible use in therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Ferrari
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine - Section of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - A Antonelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine - Section of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - P Guidi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine - Section of Applied Biology and Genetics, University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - M Bernardeschi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine - Section of Applied Biology and Genetics, University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - V Scarcelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine - Section of Applied Biology and Genetics, University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - P Fallahi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine - Section of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - G Frenzilli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine - Section of Applied Biology and Genetics, University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nigro M, Bernardeschi M, Costagliola D, Della Torre C, Frenzilli G, Guidi P, Lucchesi P, Mottola F, Santonastaso M, Scarcelli V, Monaci F, Corsi I, Stingo V, Rocco L. n-TiO2 and CdCl2 co-exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles and cadmium: Genomic, DNA and chromosomal damage evaluation in the marine fish European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Aquat Toxicol 2015; 168:72-77. [PMID: 26448269 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Due to the large production and growing use of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (n-TiO2), their release in the marine environment and their potential interaction with existing toxic contaminants represent a growing concern for biota. Different end-points of genotoxicity were investigated in the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax exposed to n-TiO2 (1mgL(-1)) either alone and combined with CdCl2 (0.1mgL(-1)) for 7 days. DNA primary damage (comet assay), apoptotic cells (diffusion assay), occurrence of micronuclei and nuclear abnormalities (cytome assay) were assessed in peripheral erythrocytes and genomic stability (random amplified polymorphism DNA-PCR, RAPD assay) in muscle tissue. Results showed that genome template stability was reduced after CdCl2 and n-TiO2 exposure. Exposure to n-TiO2 alone was responsible for chromosomal alteration but ineffective in terms of DNA damage; while the opposite was observed in CdCl2 exposed specimens. Co-exposure apparently prevents the chromosomal damage and leads to a partial recovery of the genome template stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Nigro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Bernardeschi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - D Costagliola
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Caserta, Italy
| | - C Della Torre
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - G Frenzilli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy.
| | - P Guidi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - P Lucchesi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Mottola
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Caserta, Italy
| | - M Santonastaso
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Caserta, Italy
| | - V Scarcelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Monaci
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - I Corsi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - V Stingo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Caserta, Italy
| | - L Rocco
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Caserta, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rocco L, Santonastaso M, Nigro M, Mottola F, Costagliola D, Bernardeschi M, Guidi P, Lucchesi P, Scarcelli V, Corsi I, Stingo V, Frenzilli G. Genomic and chromosomal damage in the marine mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis: Effects of the combined exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles and cadmium chloride. Mar Environ Res 2015; 111:144-148. [PMID: 26392349 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) continuously released into waters, may cause harmful effects to marine organisms and their potential interaction with conventional toxic contaminants represents a growing concern for biota. We investigated the genotoxic potential of nanosized titanium dioxide (n-TiO2) (100 μg L(-1)) alone and in combination with CdCl2 (100 μg L(-1)) in Mytilus galloprovincialis after 4 days of in vivo exposure. RAPD-PCR technique and Micronucleus test were used to study genotoxicity. The results showed genome template stability (GTS) being markedly reduced after single exposure to n-TiO2 and CdCl2. Otherwise, co-exposure resulted in a milder reduction of GTS. Exposure to n-TiO2 was responsible for a significant increase of micronucleated cell frequency in gill tissue, while no chromosomal damage was observed after CdCl2 exposure as well as after combined exposure to both substances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Rocco
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Caserta, Italy.
| | - M Santonastaso
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Caserta, Italy
| | - M Nigro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Mottola
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Caserta, Italy
| | - D Costagliola
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Caserta, Italy
| | - M Bernardeschi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - P Guidi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - P Lucchesi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - V Scarcelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - I Corsi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - V Stingo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Caserta, Italy
| | - G Frenzilli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Guidi P, Nigro M, Bernardeschi M, Lucchesi P, Scarcelli V, Frenzilli G. Does the crystal habit modulate the genotoxic potential of silica particles? A cytogenetic evaluation in human and murine cell lines. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen 2015; 792:46-52. [PMID: 26433261 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Crystalline silica inhaled from occupational sources has been classified by IARC as carcinogenic to humans; in contrast, for amorphous silica, epidemiological and experimental evidence remains insufficient. The genotoxicity of crystalline silica is still debated because of the inconsistency of experimental results ("variability of silica hazard"), often related to the features of the particle surfaces. We have assessed the role of crystal habit in the genotoxicity of silica powders. Pure quartz (crystalline) and vitreous silica (amorphous), sharing the same surface features, were used in an in vitro study with human pulmonary epithelial (A549) and murine macrophage (RAW264.7) cell lines, representative of occupational and environmental exposures. Genotoxicity was evaluated by the comet and micronucleus assays, and cytotoxicity by the trypan blue method. Cells were treated with silica powders for 4 and 24h. Quartz but not vitreous silica caused cell death and DNA damage in RAW264.7 cells. A549 cells were relatively resistant to both powders. Our results support the view that crystal habit per se plays a pivotal role in modulating the biological responses to silica particles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Guidi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Volta 4, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Nigro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Volta 4, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - M Bernardeschi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Volta 4, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - P Lucchesi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Volta 4, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - V Scarcelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Volta 4, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - G Frenzilli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Volta 4, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Silvestri F, Pasca S, Labombarda A, Barbi A, Desideri M, Guidi P, Rogato A, Zaramella M, Bergamo M, Ageno W, Barillari G. Safety of fondaparinux in the prevention of venous thromboembolism in elderly medical patients: results of a single-center, retrospective study. Minerva Med 2014; 105:221-228. [PMID: 24988087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in acutely ill medical patients. Fondaparinux is recommended for the prevention of VTE in this setting, but little information is available on its safety and effectiveness in unselected, "real world" patients. The aim of this paper was to assess the safety and efficacy of fondaparinux in elderly acutely ill medical patients. METHODS Single center, retrospective study. All patients >60 years, admitted for acute medical disease, bedridden for at least four days and treated with fondaparinux were evaluated. Occurrence of objectively documented, symptomatic VTE, and of bleeding events during the treatment period and follow-up were reported. RESULTS Two hundred and ten patients (median age 81 years) were treated with fondaparinux. Seventy patients received fondaparinux 1.5 mg daily, 140 received the 2.5 mg daily dose. However, 29 patients in the first group (with a CrCl≥50 mL/min) and 84 patients in the last group (with a CrCl<50 mL/min) did not receive the correct dose of fondaparinux. During treatment, one episode (0.48%, 95% CI 0.1% to 2.6%) of major bleeding and 6 episodes (2.86%, 95% CI 1.3% to 6.1%) of clinically relevant non major bleeding were recorded. Only one thromboembolic event (0.48%, 95% CI 0.1% to 2.6%) was documented. Thirty-nine patients died; no death was related to VTE, unlike one death was due to major bleeding. Cancer was the only significant predictor of bleeding at statistical analysis. CONCLUSION In elderly acutely ill hospitalized medical patients, thromboprophylaxis with fondaparinux 2.5 or 1.5mg daily is safe and effective in preventing VTE without increasing bleeding risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Silvestri
- Division of Internal Medicine General Hospital, Latisana, Udine, Italy -
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Guidi P, Scarcelli V, Bernardeschi M, Lucchesi P, Nigro M, Frenzilli G. Potential genotoxic effects induced by different superficial morphologies and different dimensions of amorphous silica powders evaluated in murine alveolar macrophages (Raw 264.7) cell lines. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
7
|
Nimis R, Tozzoli R, Masiero M, Fantin O, Gavardi M, Abriola L, Guidi P. [Thyroid function in the euthyroid elderly subject: evidence of low T3 syndrome]. Minerva Med 1987; 78:43-8. [PMID: 3808400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The presence of a low T3 syndrome was confirmed in elderly euthyroid patients. The condition is characterised by lower circulating total (TT3) and free triiodothyronin (FT3) than in adults with no clinical symptoms of hypothyroidism. A total of 133 subjects over 65 were studied as we used 204 adult controls aged 18-65. Among the indices of thyroid function studied only TT3 and FT3 were founded to be statistically reduced among the elderly.
Collapse
|
8
|
Guidi P. [Complementary colpopexy after total hysterectomy]. Minerva Ginecol 1982; 34:87-9. [PMID: 7078829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
9
|
Barbiera P, Beltrame D, Bloch K, Guidi P, Passerini N, Tamassia V. [Characteristics of the action of nitrimidazine (Nimorazole), a new systemic trichomonacidal agent. II. Pharmaco-toxicological part]. Boll Chim Farm 1972; 111:541-54. [PMID: 4641724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
10
|
De Franceschi L, Gentili A, Gremigni G, Guidi P. [Discovery of 181 W and 185 W in the fallout]. Minerva Fisiconucl 1971; 15:20-7. [PMID: 5566449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
11
|
Guidi P. [Subcutaneous laceration of the long abductor tendon of the thumb]. Minerva Ortop 1970; 21:480-4. [PMID: 5509049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
12
|
Guidi P, Mennella G. [Myeloplaxic tumor of tendon sheaths]. Minerva Ortop 1970; 21:180-8. [PMID: 5478434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
13
|
Pellizzari C, Guidi P. [On the relations between plasmatic osmolarity and globular volume]. Riv Patol Clin Sper 1968; 9:275-85. [PMID: 5738418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
14
|
Guidi P, Pinelli G. [The osseous mycoses]. Minerva Ortop 1967; 18:827-35. [PMID: 5607021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
15
|
Canepa G, Pinelli G, Guidi P. [Tumors in children. Clinico-statistical considerations]. Minerva Ortop 1967; 18:134-6. [PMID: 4884899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
16
|
Guidi P. [Lemaire's phenomenon in the pathognomy and therapy of gynaecological syndromes]. Minerva Ginecol 1966; 18:724-8. [PMID: 5981930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
17
|
Carlon G, Rampinelli L, Guidi P, Caburlotto L. [Thrombelastographic evaluation of blood coagulation during treatment with hormonal inhibitors of ovulation]. Riv Patol Clin Sper 1966; 7:239-47. [PMID: 5960683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
18
|
Guidi P. [Histochemical aspects of the mucosa of the vesical trigone (in patients with neoplasms of the cervix)]. Minerva Ginecol 1966; 18:143-50. [PMID: 5934703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
19
|
Guidi P. [Treatment of a case of vesical paralysis with chronic urinary retention by means of forced urethral dilation]. Minerva Urol 1965; 17:263-4. [PMID: 5893949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
20
|
Lanzani GA, Guidi P, Sequi P. [On the ribonucleoproteins with peroxidase activity. Ribonucleoproteins obtained by separation of ribosomes from wheat germ]. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1964; 40:1573-5. [PMID: 5878042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|