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Gabriel V, Lincoln A, Zdyrski C, Ralston A, Wickham H, Honold S, Ahmed BH, Paukner K, Feauto R, Merodio MM, Piñeyro P, Meyerholz D, Allenspach K, Mochel JP. Evaluation of different media compositions promoting hepatocyte differentiation in the canine liver organoid model. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28420. [PMID: 38590903 PMCID: PMC10999936 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Organoids are 3-dimensional (3D) self-assembled structures capable of replicating the microanatomy and physiology of the epithelial components of their organ of origin. Adult stem cell (ASC) derived organoids from the liver have previously been shown to differentiate into primarily mature cholangiocytes, and their partial differentiation into functional hepatocytes can be promoted using specific media compositions. While full morphological differentiation of mature hepatocytes from ASCs has not yet been reported for any species, the functional differentiation can be approximated using various media compositions. Six differentiation media formulations from published studies on hepatic organoids were used for the differentiation protocol. Target species for these protocols were humans, mice, cats, and dogs, and encompassed various combinations and concentrations of four major hepatocyte media components: Bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7), Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 (FGF19), Dexamethasone (Dex), and Gamma-Secretase Inhibitor IX (DAPT). Additionally, removing R-spondin from basic organoid media has previously been shown to drive the differentiation of ASC into mature hepatocytes. Differentiation media (N = 20) were designed to encompass combinations of the four major hepatocyte media components. The preferred differentiation of ASC-derived organoids from liver tissue into mature hepatocytes over cholangiocytes was confirmed by albumin production in the culture supernatant. Out of the twenty media compositions tested, six media resulted in the production of the highest amounts of albumin in the supernatant of the organoids. The cell lines cultured using these six media were further characterized via histological staining, transmission electron microscopy, RNA in situ hybridization, analysis of gene expression patterns, immunofluorescence, and label-free proteomics. The results indicate that preferential hepatocyte maturation from canine ADC-derived organoids from liver tissue is mainly driven by Dexamethasone and DAPT components. FGF19 did not enhance organoid differentiation but improved cell culture survival. Furthermore, we confirm that removing R-spondin from the media is crucial for establishing mature hepatic organoid cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtech Gabriel
- SMART Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Addison Lincoln
- SMART Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Christopher Zdyrski
- SMART Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- 3D Health Solutions Inc., Ames, IA, USA
- Precision One Health Initiative, Department of Pathology, University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, 30602, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | - Hannah Wickham
- SMART Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Sydney Honold
- SMART Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Basant H. Ahmed
- SMART Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Karel Paukner
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, CZ, Czech Republic
| | - Ryan Feauto
- SMART Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Maria M. Merodio
- SMART Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - David Meyerholz
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Karin Allenspach
- SMART Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- 3D Health Solutions Inc., Ames, IA, USA
- Precision One Health Initiative, Department of Pathology, University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, 30602, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Jonathan P. Mochel
- 3D Health Solutions Inc., Ames, IA, USA
- Precision One Health Initiative, Department of Pathology, University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, 30602, Athens, GA, USA
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Zdyrski C, Gabriel V, Gessler TB, Ralston A, Sifuentes-Romero I, Kundu D, Honold S, Wickham H, Topping NE, Sahoo DK, Bista B, Tamplin J, Ospina O, Piñeyro P, Arriaga M, Galan JA, Meyerholz DK, Allenspach K, Mochel JP, Valenzuela N. Establishment and characterization of turtle liver organoids provides a potential model to decode their unique adaptations. Commun Biol 2024; 7:218. [PMID: 38388772 PMCID: PMC10883927 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05818-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Painted turtles are remarkable for their freeze tolerance and supercooling ability along with their associated resilience to hypoxia/anoxia and oxidative stress, rendering them an ideal biomedical model for hypoxia-induced injuries (including strokes), tissue cooling during surgeries, and organ cryopreservation. Yet, such research is hindered by their seasonal reproduction and slow maturation. Here we developed and characterized adult stem cell-derived turtle liver organoids (3D self-assembled in vitro structures) from painted, snapping, and spiny softshell turtles spanning ~175My of evolution, with a subset cryopreserved. This development is, to the best of our knowledge, a first for this vertebrate Order, and complements the only other non-avian reptile organoids from snake venom glands. Preliminary characterization, including morphological, transcriptomic, and proteomic analyses, revealed organoids enriched in cholangiocytes. Deriving organoids from distant turtles and life stages demonstrates that our techniques are broadly applicable to chelonians, permitting the development of functional genomic tools currently lacking in herpetological research. Such platform could potentially support studies including genome-to-phenome mapping, gene function, genome architecture, and adaptive responses to climate change, with implications for ecological, evolutionary, and biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Zdyrski
- SMART Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
- 3D Health Solutions Inc., Ames, IA, USA.
- SMART Pharmacology, Precision One Health Initiative, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
| | - Vojtech Gabriel
- SMART Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Thea B Gessler
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | - Itzel Sifuentes-Romero
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Debosmita Kundu
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Sydney Honold
- SMART Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Hannah Wickham
- SMART Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Nicholas E Topping
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Dipak Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Basanta Bista
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Tamplin
- Department of Biology, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA, USA
| | - Oscar Ospina
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Marco Arriaga
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Jacob A Galan
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | | | - Karin Allenspach
- SMART Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- 3D Health Solutions Inc., Ames, IA, USA
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- SMART Pharmacology, Precision One Health Initiative, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Jonathan P Mochel
- SMART Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- 3D Health Solutions Inc., Ames, IA, USA
- SMART Pharmacology, Precision One Health Initiative, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Nicole Valenzuela
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
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Gabriel V, Zdyrski C, Sahoo DK, Ralston A, Wickham H, Bourgois-Mochel A, Ahmed B, Merodio MM, Paukner K, Piñeyro P, Kopper J, Rowe EW, Smith JD, Meyerholz D, Kol A, Viall A, Elbadawy M, Mochel JP, Allenspach K. Adult Animal Stem Cell-Derived Organoids in Biomedical Research and the One Health Paradigm. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:701. [PMID: 38255775 PMCID: PMC10815683 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Preclinical biomedical research is limited by the predictiveness of in vivo and in vitro models. While in vivo models offer the most complex system for experimentation, they are also limited by ethical, financial, and experimental constraints. In vitro models are simplified models that do not offer the same complexity as living animals but do offer financial affordability and more experimental freedom; therefore, they are commonly used. Traditional 2D cell lines cannot fully simulate the complexity of the epithelium of healthy organs and limit scientific progress. The One Health Initiative was established to consolidate human, animal, and environmental health while also tackling complex and multifactorial medical problems. Reverse translational research allows for the sharing of knowledge between clinical research in veterinary and human medicine. Recently, organoid technology has been developed to mimic the original organ's epithelial microstructure and function more reliably. While human and murine organoids are available, numerous other organoids have been derived from traditional veterinary animals and exotic species in the last decade. With these additional organoid models, species previously excluded from in vitro research are becoming accessible, therefore unlocking potential translational and reverse translational applications of animals with unique adaptations that overcome common problems in veterinary and human medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtech Gabriel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (H.W.); (B.A.); (J.P.M.)
| | | | - Dipak K. Sahoo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (D.K.S.); (A.B.-M.); (J.K.)
| | - Abigail Ralston
- 3D Health Solutions Inc., Ames, IA 50010, USA; (C.Z.); (A.R.); (M.M.M.)
| | - Hannah Wickham
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (H.W.); (B.A.); (J.P.M.)
| | - Agnes Bourgois-Mochel
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (D.K.S.); (A.B.-M.); (J.K.)
| | - Basant Ahmed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (H.W.); (B.A.); (J.P.M.)
| | - Maria M. Merodio
- 3D Health Solutions Inc., Ames, IA 50010, USA; (C.Z.); (A.R.); (M.M.M.)
| | - Karel Paukner
- Atherosclerosis Research Laboratory, Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (P.P.); (J.D.S.)
| | - Jamie Kopper
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (D.K.S.); (A.B.-M.); (J.K.)
| | - Eric W. Rowe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (H.W.); (B.A.); (J.P.M.)
| | - Jodi D. Smith
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (P.P.); (J.D.S.)
| | - David Meyerholz
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Amir Kol
- Department of Pathology, University of California, Davis, CA 94143, USA; (A.K.); (A.V.)
| | - Austin Viall
- Department of Pathology, University of California, Davis, CA 94143, USA; (A.K.); (A.V.)
| | - Mohamed Elbadawy
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30530, USA;
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh 13736, Egypt
| | - Jonathan P. Mochel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (H.W.); (B.A.); (J.P.M.)
- 3D Health Solutions Inc., Ames, IA 50010, USA; (C.Z.); (A.R.); (M.M.M.)
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30530, USA;
| | - Karin Allenspach
- 3D Health Solutions Inc., Ames, IA 50010, USA; (C.Z.); (A.R.); (M.M.M.)
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (D.K.S.); (A.B.-M.); (J.K.)
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30530, USA;
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Silva APSP, Almeida M, Michael A, Rahe MC, Siepker C, Magstadt DR, Piñeyro P, Arruda BL, Macedo NR, Sahin O, Gauger PC, Krueger KM, Mugabi R, Streauslin JS, Trevisan G, Linhares DCL, Silva GS, Fano E, Main RG, Schwartz KJ, Burrough ER, Derscheid RJ, Sitthicharoenchai P, Clavijo MJ. Detection and disease diagnosis trends (2017-2022) for Streptococcus suis, Glaesserella parasuis, Mycoplasma hyorhinis, Actinobacillus suis and Mycoplasma hyosynoviae at Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:268. [PMID: 38087358 PMCID: PMC10714645 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03807-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate measurement of disease associated with endemic bacterial agents in pig populations is challenging due to their commensal ecology, the lack of disease-specific antemortem diagnostic tests, and the polymicrobial nature of swine diagnostic cases. The main objective of this retrospective study was to estimate temporal patterns of agent detection and disease diagnosis for five endemic bacteria that can cause systemic disease in porcine tissue specimens submitted to the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (ISU VDL) from 2017 to 2022. The study also explored the diagnostic value of specific tissue specimens for disease diagnosis, estimated the frequency of polymicrobial diagnosis, and evaluated the association between phase of pig production and disease diagnosis. RESULTS S. suis and G. parasuis bronchopneumonia increased on average 6 and 4.3%, while S. suis endocarditis increased by 23% per year, respectively. M. hyorhinis and A. suis associated serositis increased yearly by 4.2 and 12.8%, respectively. A significant upward trend in M. hyorhinis arthritis cases was also observed. In contrast, M. hyosynoviae arthritis cases decreased by 33% average/year. Investigation into the diagnostic value of tissues showed that lungs were the most frequently submitted sample, However, the use of lung for systemic disease diagnosis requires caution due to the commensal nature of these agents in the respiratory system, compared to systemic sites that diagnosticians typically target. This study also explored associations between phase of production and specific diseases caused by each agent, showcasing the role of S. suis arthritis in suckling pigs, meningitis in early nursery and endocarditis in growing pigs, and the role of G. parasuis, A. suis, M. hyorhinis and M. hyosynoviae disease mainly in post-weaning phases. Finally, this study highlighted the high frequency of co-detection and -disease diagnosis with other infectious etiologies, such as PRRSV and IAV, demonstrating that to minimize the health impact of these endemic bacterial agents it is imperative to establish effective viral control programs. CONCLUSIONS Results from this retrospective study demonstrated significant increases in disease diagnosis for S. suis, G. parasuis, M. hyorhinis, and A. suis, and a significant decrease in detection and disease diagnosis of M. hyosynoviae. High frequencies of interactions between these endemic agents and with viral pathogens was also demonstrated. Consequently, improved control programs are needed to mitigate the adverse effect of these endemic bacterial agents on swine health and wellbeing. This includes improving diagnostic procedures, developing more effective vaccine products, fine-tuning antimicrobial approaches, and managing viral co-infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Serafini Poeta Silva
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Marcelo Almeida
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Alyona Michael
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Michael C Rahe
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Christopher Siepker
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Drew R Magstadt
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Bailey L Arruda
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Ames, IA, USA
| | - Nubia R Macedo
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Orhan Sahin
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Philip C Gauger
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Karen M Krueger
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Robert Mugabi
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Jessica S Streauslin
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Giovani Trevisan
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Daniel C L Linhares
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Gustavo S Silva
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Eduardo Fano
- Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health USA Inc, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rodger G Main
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Kent J Schwartz
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Eric R Burrough
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Rachel J Derscheid
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Panchan Sitthicharoenchai
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Maria J Clavijo
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
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Welch M, Krueger K, Zhang J, Piñeyro P, Patterson A, Gauger P. Pathogenesis of an experimental coinfection of porcine parainfluenza virus 1 and influenza A virus in commercial nursery swine. Vet Microbiol 2023; 285:109850. [PMID: 37639899 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Porcine parainfluenza virus 1 (PPIV-1) is a recently characterized swine respirovirus. Previous experimental studies reported PPIV-1 replicates in the porcine respiratory tract causing minimal clinical disease or lesions. However, it is unknown if PPIV-1 co-infections with viral respiratory pathogens would cause respiratory disease consistent with natural infections reported in the field. The objective of this study was to evaluate if PPIV-1 increases the severity of influenza A virus respiratory disease in swine. Fifty conventional, five-week-old pigs were assigned to one of three challenge groups (n = 15) or a negative control group (n = 5). Pigs were challenged with a γ-cluster H1N2 influenza A virus in swine (IAV-S; A/Swine/North Carolina/00169/2006), PPIV-1 (USA/MN25890NS/2016), inoculum that contained equivalent titers of IAV-S and PPIV-1 (CO-IN), or negative control. Clinical scores representing respiratory disease and nasal swabs were collected daily and all pigs were necropsied five days post inoculation (DPI). The CO-IN group demonstrated a significantly lower percentage of pigs showing respiratory clinical signs relative to the IAV-S challenge group from 2 to 4 DPI. The IAV-S and CO-IN groups had significantly lower microscopic composite lesion scores in the upper respiratory tract compared to the PPIV-1 group although the IAV-S and CO-IN groups had significantly higher microscopic composite lung lesion scores. Collectively, PPIV-1 did not appear to influence severity of clinical disease, macroscopic lesions, or alter viral loads detected in nasal swabs or necropsy tissues when administered as a coinfection with IAV-S. Studies evaluating PPIV-1 coinfections with different strains of IAV-S, different respiratory pathogens or sequential exposure of PPIV-1 and IAV-S are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Welch
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, 1800 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Karen Krueger
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, 1800 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Jianqiang Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, 1800 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, 1800 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Abby Patterson
- Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health Inc., 2412 S. Loop Drive, Ames, IA 50010, USA
| | - Phillip Gauger
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, 1800 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
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Wang M, Yu Y, Wu J, Wang S, Giménez-Lirola LG, Piñeyro P, Wang Y, Cui H, He X, Zimmerman JJ, Tu Y, Cai X, Wang G. Genetic and In Vitro Characteristics of a Porcine Circovirus Type 3 Isolate from Northeast China. Vet Sci 2023; 10:517. [PMID: 37624304 PMCID: PMC10459391 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10080517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3) is an emerging virus first discovered in the United States in 2015, and since then, PCV3 has been found in many regions of the world, including America, Asia, and Europe. Although several PCV3 investigations have been carried out, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the pathogenicity of PCV3, mostly due to the limited number of PCV3 isolates that are readily available. In this study, PCV3-DB-1 was isolated in PK-15 cells and characterized in vitro. Electron microscopy revealed the presence of PCV-like particles, and in situ hybridization RNA analysis demonstrated the replication of PCV3 in PK-15 cell culture. Based on phylogenetic analysis of PCV3 isolates from the Heilongjiang province of China, PCV3-DB-1 with 24 alanine and 27 lysine in the Cap protein was originally isolated and determined to belong to the clade PCV3a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghang Wang
- Heilongjiang Research Center for Veterinary Biopharmaceutical Technology, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China; (M.W.)
| | - Ying Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Jianan Wu
- Heilongjiang Research Center for Veterinary Biopharmaceutical Technology, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China; (M.W.)
| | - Shujie Wang
- Heilongjiang Research Center for Veterinary Biopharmaceutical Technology, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China; (M.W.)
| | - Luis G Giménez-Lirola
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Heilongjiang Research Center for Veterinary Biopharmaceutical Technology, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China; (M.W.)
| | - Hongliang Cui
- Heilongjiang Research Center for Veterinary Biopharmaceutical Technology, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China; (M.W.)
| | - Xijun He
- Heilongjiang Research Center for Veterinary Biopharmaceutical Technology, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China; (M.W.)
| | - Jeffrey J. Zimmerman
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Yabin Tu
- Heilongjiang Research Center for Veterinary Biopharmaceutical Technology, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China; (M.W.)
| | - Xuehui Cai
- Heilongjiang Research Center for Veterinary Biopharmaceutical Technology, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China; (M.W.)
| | - Gang Wang
- Heilongjiang Research Center for Veterinary Biopharmaceutical Technology, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China; (M.W.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271002, China
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7
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Caserta LC, Zhang J, Piñeyro P, Diel DG. Rapid genotyping of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) using MinION nanopore sequencing. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282767. [PMID: 37220122 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The global distribution and constant evolution are challenges for the control of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), one of the most important viruses affecting swine worldwide. Effective control of PRRSV benefits from genotyping, which currently relies on Sanger sequencing. Here we developed and optimized procedures for real-time genotyping and whole genome sequencing of PRRSV directly from clinical samples based on targeted amplicon- and long amplicon tiling sequencing using the MinION Oxford Nanopore platform. Procedures were developed and tested on 154 clinical samples (including lung, serum, oral fluid and processing fluid) with RT-PCR Ct values ranging from 15 to 35. The targeted amplicon sequencing (TAS) approach was developed to obtain sequences of the complete ORF5 (main target gene for PRRSV genotyping) and partial ORF4 and ORF6 sequences of both PRRSV-1 and PRRSV-2 species. After only 5 min of sequencing, PRRSV consensus sequences with identities to reference sequences above 99% were obtained, enabling rapid identification and genotyping of clinical PRRSV samples into lineages 1, 5 and 8. The long amplicon tiling sequencing (LATS) approach targets type 2 PRRSV, the most prevalent viral species in the U.S. and China. Complete PRRSV genomes were obtained within the first hour of sequencing for samples with Ct values below 24.9. Ninety-two whole genome sequences were obtained using the LATS procedure. Fifty out of 60 sera (83.3%) and 18 out of 20 lung samples (90%) had at least 80% of genome covered at a minimum of 20X sequence depth per position. The procedures developed and optimized in this study here are valuable tools with potential for field application during PRRSV elimination programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Cardia Caserta
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Animal Health Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
| | - Jianqiang Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Diego G Diel
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Animal Health Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
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8
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Piñeyro P, Ramamoorthy S. Circoviridae. Vet Microbiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119650836.ch48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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9
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Welch M, Krueger K, Zhang J, Piñeyro P, Magtoto R, Wang C, Giménez-Lirola L, Strait E, Mogler M, Gauger P. Detection of porcine parainfluenza virus type-1 antibody in swine serum using whole-virus ELISA, indirect fluorescence antibody and virus neutralizing assays. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:110. [PMID: 35313864 PMCID: PMC8935814 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03196-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Porcine parainfluenza virus 1 (PPIV-1) is a respiratory virus in the family Paramyxoviridae and genus Respirovirus. It is closely related to bovine parainfluenza virus 3, human parainfluenza virus 1, and Sendai virus. Recent reports suggest PPIV-1 is widespread in swine herds in the United States and abroad. However, seroprevalence studies and the ability to evaluate cross neutralization between heterologous strains is not possible without validated antibody assays. This study describes the development of an indirect fluorescence antibody (IFA) assay, a whole virus enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (wv-ELISA) and a serum virus neutralization (SVN) assay for the detection of PPIV-1 antibodies using 521 serum samples collected from three longitudinal studies and two different challenge strains in swine. RESULTS The area under the curve (AUC) of the wv-ELISA (95% CI, 0.93-0.98) was significantly higher (p = 0.03) compared to the IFA (95% CI, 0.90-0.96). However, no significant difference was observed between the IFA and wv-ELISA when compared to the SVN (95% CI, 0.92-0.97). All three assays demonstrated relatively uniform results at a 99% true negative rate, with only 11 disagreements observed between the IFA, wv-ELISA and SVN. CONCLUSIONS All three serology assays detected PPIV-1 antibody in swine serum of known status that was collected from experimental studies. The SVN detected seroconversion earlier compared to the IFA and the wv-ELISA. Both the wv-ELISA and the SVN had similar diagnostic performance, while the IFA was not as sensitive as the wv-ELISA. All three assays are considered valid for routine diagnostic use. These assays will be important for future studies to screen seronegative swine for research, determine PPIV-1 seroprevalence, and to evaluate vaccine efficacy against PPIV-1 under experimental and field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Welch
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1800 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Karen Krueger
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1800 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Jianqiang Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1800 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1800 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Ronaldo Magtoto
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1800 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Chong Wang
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1800 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.,Department of Statistics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Iowa State University, 2438 Osborn Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Luis Giménez-Lirola
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1800 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Erin Strait
- Merck Animal Health, Ames, IA, USA.,Ceva Animal Health, LLC, 8901 Rosehill Road, Lenexa, KS, 66215, USA
| | | | - Phillip Gauger
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1800 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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10
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Joshi LR, Knudsen D, Piñeyro P, Dhakal S, Renukaradhya GJ, Diel DG. Protective Efficacy of an Orf Virus-Vector Encoding the Hemagglutinin and the Nucleoprotein of Influenza A Virus in Swine. Front Immunol 2021; 12:747574. [PMID: 34804030 PMCID: PMC8602839 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.747574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Swine influenza is a highly contagious respiratory disease of pigs caused by influenza A viruses (IAV-S). IAV-S causes significant economic losses to the swine industry and poses challenges to public health given its zoonotic potential. Thus effective IAV-S vaccines are needed and highly desirable and would benefit both animal and human health. Here, we developed two recombinant orf viruses, expressing the hemagglutinin (HA) gene (OV-HA) or the HA and the nucleoprotein (NP) genes of IAV-S (OV-HA-NP). The immunogenicity and protective efficacy of these two recombinant viruses were evaluated in pigs. Both OV-HA and OV-HA-NP recombinants elicited robust virus neutralizing antibody response in pigs, with higher levels of neutralizing antibodies (NA) being detected in OV-HA-NP-immunized animals pre-challenge infection. Although both recombinant viruses elicited IAV-S-specific T-cell responses, the frequency of IAV-S-specific proliferating CD8+ T cells upon re-stimulation was higher in OV-HA-NP-immunized animals than in the OV-HA group. Importantly, IgG1/IgG2 isotype ELISAs revealed that immunization with OV-HA induced Th2-biased immune responses, whereas immunization with OV-HA-NP virus resulted in a Th1-biased immune response. While pigs immunized with either OV-HA or OV-HA-NP were protected when compared to non-immunized controls, immunization with OV-HA-NP resulted in incremental protection against challenge infection as evidenced by a reduced secondary antibody response (NA and HI antibodies) following IAV-S challenge and reduced virus shedding in nasal secretions (lower viral RNA loads and frequency of animals shedding viral RNA and infectious virus), when compared to animals in the OV-HA group. Interestingly, broader cross neutralization activity was also observed in serum of OV-HA-NP-immunized animals against a panel of contemporary IAV-S isolates representing the major genetic clades circulating in swine. This study demonstrates the potential of ORFV-based vector for control of swine influenza virus in swine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lok R Joshi
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Animal Health Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States.,Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Animal Disease Research And Diagnostic Laboratory, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
| | - David Knudsen
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Animal Disease Research And Diagnostic Laboratory, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Santosh Dhakal
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Center for Food Animal Health, Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Gourapura J Renukaradhya
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Center for Food Animal Health, Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Diego G Diel
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Animal Health Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States.,Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Animal Disease Research And Diagnostic Laboratory, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
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11
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Mora-Díaz JC, Temeeyasen G, Magtoto R, Rauh R, Nelson W, Carrillo-Ávila JA, Zimmerman J, Piñeyro P, Giménez-Lirola L. Infection and immune response to porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus in grower pigs. Vet Microbiol 2020; 253:108958. [PMID: 33387911 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (PHEV) is the cause of acute outbreaks of vomiting and wasting disease and/or encephalomyelitis in neonatal pigs, with naïve herds particularly vulnerable to clinical episodes. PHEV infections in older pigs are generally considered to be subclinical, but are poorly characterized in the refereed literature. In this study, twelve 7-week-old pigs were oronasally inoculated with 0.5 mL (1:128 HA titer) PHEV (Mengeling strain) and then followed through 42 days post inoculation (dpi). Fecal and oral fluid specimens were collected daily to evaluate viral shedding. Serum samples were tested for viremia, isotype-specific antibody responses, cytokine, and chemokine responses. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated to evaluate phenotype changes in immune cell subpopulations. No clinical signs were observed in PHEV inoculated pigs, but virus was detected in oral fluid (1-28 dpi) and feces (1-10 dpi). No viremia was detected, but a significant IFN-α response was observed in serum at 3 dpi, followed by the detection of IgM (dpi 7), and IgA/IgG (dpi 10). Flow cytometry revealed a one-off increase in cytotoxic T cells at 21 dpi. This study demonstrated that exposure of grower pigs to PHEV results in subclinical infection characterized by active viral replication and shedding followed by an active humoral and cell-mediated immune response that attenuates the course of the infection and results in viral clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Mora-Díaz
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Gun Temeeyasen
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Ronaldo Magtoto
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jeffrey Zimmerman
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Luis Giménez-Lirola
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
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12
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Serena MS, Cappuccio JA, Barrales H, Metz GE, Aspitia CG, Lozada I, Perfumo CJ, Quiroga MA, Piñeyro P, Echeverría MG. First detection and genetic characterization of porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) in Argentina and its association with reproductive failure. Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 68:1761-1766. [PMID: 33108006 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) is considered a new circovirus and since it first description has been widely reported in most of the swine-producing countries. Multisystemic inflammation and reproductive failure are consistent and concerning issues associated with PCV3 infection. This report describes the clinical and pathological features of a chronic reproductive disorder in a swine herd in Argentina associated with the presence of PCV3. Mummified (n = 42) and stillborn piglets (n = 20) from a case of chronic reproductive disorder (Study A) and mummified and stillborn piglets (n = 141) from normal deliveries (Study B) were retrospectively assessed for the presence of multiple reproductive pathogens (PCV3, PCV2, ADV, PPV, Leptospira spp. and Brucella spp). On study, A PCV3 and PPV were detected in 15 and 8 pools, respectively, with a coinfection rate of 100% in all PPV-positive cases. Three out of 131 foetuses from three different sows from Study B were positive only for PCV3. Histological evaluation of hearts from stillborn also showed lesions similar to those previously described in the literature for PCV3-reproductive disease. Partial genome of PCV3 was amplified and phylogenetic analysis showed that strains of Study A and B clustered within the PCV3a and PCV3b clades, respectively. This study demonstrates, for the first time, the PCV3 has been circulating in Argentina at least since 2016 and its potential role in reproductive disorders. Further studies are warranted to determine the role of PCV3 in the reproductive disease complex and its prevalence in the swine industry in Argentina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Soledad Serena
- Laboratorio de Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, CONICET, Argentina
| | - Javier Alejandro Cappuccio
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, CONICET, Argentina.,Grupo Sanidad Animal, EEA Marcos Juarez, INTA, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Hernán Barrales
- Cátedra de Medicina Porcina, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - German E Metz
- Laboratorio de Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, CONICET, Argentina
| | - Carolina G Aspitia
- Laboratorio de Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.,Laboratorio de Patología Especial Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Inés Lozada
- Cátedra de Medicina Porcina, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Carlos J Perfumo
- Laboratorio de Patología Especial Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - María Alejandra Quiroga
- Laboratorio de Patología Especial Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Maria Gabriela Echeverría
- Laboratorio de Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, CONICET, Argentina
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13
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Cheng TY, Buckley A, Van Geelen A, Lager K, Henao-Díaz A, Poonsuk K, Piñeyro P, Baum D, Ji J, Wang C, Main R, Zimmerman J, Giménez-Lirola L. Detection of pseudorabies virus antibody in swine oral fluid using a serum whole-virus indirect ELISA. J Vet Diagn Invest 2020; 32:535-541. [PMID: 32450768 DOI: 10.1177/1040638720924386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the detection of pseudorabies virus (PRV) antibodies in swine oral fluid. Oral fluid and serum samples were obtained from 40 pigs allocated to 4 treatment groups (10 pigs/group): negative control (NC); wild-type PRV inoculation (PRV 3CR Ossabaw; hereafter PRV); PRV vaccination (Ingelvac Aujeszky MLV; Boehringer Ingelheim; hereafter MLV); and PRV vaccination followed by PRV inoculation at 21 d post-vaccination (MLV-PRV). Using a serum PRV whole-virus indirect IgG ELISA (Idexx Laboratories) adapted to the oral fluid matrix, PRV antibody was detected in oral fluid samples from treatment groups PRV, MLV, and MLV-PRV in a pattern similar to serum. Vaccination alone produced a low oral fluid antibody response (groups MLV and MLV-PRV), but a strong anamnestic response was observed following challenge with wild-type virus (group PRV). Analyses of the oral fluid PRV indirect IgG ELISA results showed good binary diagnostic performance (area under ROC curve = 93%) and excellent assay repeatability (intra-class correlation coefficient = 99.3%). The demonstrable presence of PRV antibodies in swine oral fluids suggests the possible use of oral fluids in pseudorabies surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yu Cheng
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine (Cheng, Henao-Díaz, Poonsuk, Piñeyro, Baum, Main, Zimmerman, Giménez-Lirola), Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Department of Statistics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Ji, Wang), Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA (Buckley, Van Geelen, Lager)
| | - Alexandra Buckley
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine (Cheng, Henao-Díaz, Poonsuk, Piñeyro, Baum, Main, Zimmerman, Giménez-Lirola), Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Department of Statistics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Ji, Wang), Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA (Buckley, Van Geelen, Lager)
| | - Albert Van Geelen
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine (Cheng, Henao-Díaz, Poonsuk, Piñeyro, Baum, Main, Zimmerman, Giménez-Lirola), Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Department of Statistics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Ji, Wang), Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA (Buckley, Van Geelen, Lager)
| | - Kelly Lager
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine (Cheng, Henao-Díaz, Poonsuk, Piñeyro, Baum, Main, Zimmerman, Giménez-Lirola), Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Department of Statistics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Ji, Wang), Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA (Buckley, Van Geelen, Lager)
| | - Alexandra Henao-Díaz
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine (Cheng, Henao-Díaz, Poonsuk, Piñeyro, Baum, Main, Zimmerman, Giménez-Lirola), Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Department of Statistics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Ji, Wang), Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA (Buckley, Van Geelen, Lager)
| | - Korakrit Poonsuk
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine (Cheng, Henao-Díaz, Poonsuk, Piñeyro, Baum, Main, Zimmerman, Giménez-Lirola), Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Department of Statistics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Ji, Wang), Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA (Buckley, Van Geelen, Lager)
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine (Cheng, Henao-Díaz, Poonsuk, Piñeyro, Baum, Main, Zimmerman, Giménez-Lirola), Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Department of Statistics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Ji, Wang), Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA (Buckley, Van Geelen, Lager)
| | - David Baum
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine (Cheng, Henao-Díaz, Poonsuk, Piñeyro, Baum, Main, Zimmerman, Giménez-Lirola), Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Department of Statistics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Ji, Wang), Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA (Buckley, Van Geelen, Lager)
| | - Ju Ji
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine (Cheng, Henao-Díaz, Poonsuk, Piñeyro, Baum, Main, Zimmerman, Giménez-Lirola), Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Department of Statistics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Ji, Wang), Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA (Buckley, Van Geelen, Lager)
| | - Chong Wang
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine (Cheng, Henao-Díaz, Poonsuk, Piñeyro, Baum, Main, Zimmerman, Giménez-Lirola), Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Department of Statistics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Ji, Wang), Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA (Buckley, Van Geelen, Lager)
| | - Rodger Main
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine (Cheng, Henao-Díaz, Poonsuk, Piñeyro, Baum, Main, Zimmerman, Giménez-Lirola), Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Department of Statistics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Ji, Wang), Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA (Buckley, Van Geelen, Lager)
| | - Jeffrey Zimmerman
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine (Cheng, Henao-Díaz, Poonsuk, Piñeyro, Baum, Main, Zimmerman, Giménez-Lirola), Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Department of Statistics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Ji, Wang), Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA (Buckley, Van Geelen, Lager)
| | - Luis Giménez-Lirola
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine (Cheng, Henao-Díaz, Poonsuk, Piñeyro, Baum, Main, Zimmerman, Giménez-Lirola), Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Department of Statistics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Ji, Wang), Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA (Buckley, Van Geelen, Lager)
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14
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Arruda B, Piñeyro P, Derscheid R, Hause B, Byers E, Dion K, Long D, Sievers C, Tangen J, Williams T, Schwartz K. PCV3-associated disease in the United States swine herd. Emerg Microbes Infect 2019; 8:684-698. [PMID: 31096848 PMCID: PMC6534263 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2019.1613176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Porcine circovirus-associated disease encompasses multiple disease syndromes including porcine circovirus 2 systemic diseases, reproductive failure, and porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome. Until recently, porcine circovirus 2 was the only species associated with the porcine circovirus-associated disease. In this report, diagnostic investigations of thirty-six field cases submitted from multiple production systems, numerous sites and varied geographic locations demonstrated porcine circovirus 3 within lesions by in situ hybridization including fetuses with myocarditis, weak-born neonatal piglets with encephalitis and myocarditis, from cases of porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome, and in weaned pigs with systemic periarteritis. Porcine circovirus 3 was detected by PCR in numerous fetuses and perinatal piglets at high viral loads (trillions of genome copies per mL of tissue homogenate). Samples from all cases in this study were assayed and found negative for porcine circovirus 2 by PCR. Metagenomic sequencing was performed on a subset of reproductive cases, consisting of sixteen fetuses/fetal sample pools. PCV3 was identified in all pools and the only virus identified in fourteen pools. Based on these data, porcine circovirus 3 is considered a putative cause of reproductive failure, encephalitis and myocarditis in perinatal piglets, porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome, and periarteritis in swine in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailey Arruda
- a Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine , Iowa State University , Ames , IA , USA
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- a Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine , Iowa State University , Ames , IA , USA
| | - Rachel Derscheid
- a Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine , Iowa State University , Ames , IA , USA
| | - Ben Hause
- b Cambridge Technologies , Worthington , MN , USA
| | | | - Kate Dion
- d The Hanor Company of Wisconsin, LLC , Enid , OK , USA
| | | | | | - Jon Tangen
- d The Hanor Company of Wisconsin, LLC , Enid , OK , USA
| | | | - Kent Schwartz
- a Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine , Iowa State University , Ames , IA , USA
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15
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Zhang J, Nfon C, Tsai CF, Lee CH, Fredericks L, Chen Q, Sinha A, Bade S, Harmon K, Piñeyro P, Gauger P, Tsai YL, Wang HTT, Lee PYA. Development and evaluation of a real-time RT-PCR and a field-deployable RT-insulated isothermal PCR for the detection of Seneca Valley virus. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:168. [PMID: 31126297 PMCID: PMC6534938 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-1927-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Seneca Valley virus (SVV) has emerged in multiple countries in recent years. SVV infection can cause vesicular lesions clinically indistinguishable from those caused by other vesicular disease viruses, such as foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV), vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), and vesicular exanthema of swine virus (VESV). Sensitive and specific RT-PCR assays for the SVV detection is necessary for differential diagnosis. Real-time RT-PCR (rRT-PCR) has been used for the detection of many RNA viruses. The insulated isothermal PCR (iiPCR) on a portable POCKIT™ device is user friendly for on-site pathogen detection. In the present study, SVV rRT-PCR and RT-iiPCR were developed and validated. Results Neither the SVV rRT-PCR nor the RT-iiPCR cross-reacted with any of the vesicular disease viruses (20 FMDV, two SVDV, six VSV, and two VESV strains), classical swine fever virus (four strains), and 15 other common swine viruses. Analytical sensitivities of the SVV rRT-PCR and RT-iiPCR were determined using serial dilutions of in vitro transcribed RNA as well as viral RNA extracted from a historical SVV isolate and a contemporary SVV isolate. Diagnostic performances were further evaluated using 125 swine samples by two approaches. First, nucleic acids were extracted from the 125 samples using the MagMAX™ kit and then tested by both RT-PCR methods. One sample was negative by the rRT-PCR but positive by the RT-iiPCR, resulting in a 99.20% agreement (124/125; 95% CI: 96.59–100%, κ = 0.98). Second, the 125 samples were tested by the taco™ mini extraction/RT-iiPCR and by the MagMAX™ extraction/rRT-PCR system in parallel. Two samples were positive by the MagMAX™/rRT-PCR system but negative by the taco™ mini/RT-iiPCR system, resulting in a 98.40% agreement (123/125; 95% CI: 95.39–100%, κ = 0.97). The two samples with discrepant results had relatively high CT values. Conclusions The SVV rRT-PCR and RT-iiPCR developed in this study are very sensitive and specific and have comparable diagnostic performances for SVV RNA detection. The SVV rRT-PCR can be adopted for SVV detection in laboratories. The SVV RT-iiPCR in a simple field-deployable system could serve as a tool to help diagnose vesicular diseases in swine at points of need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1850 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Charles Nfon
- National Center for Foreign Animal Diseases, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | | | | | - Lindsay Fredericks
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1850 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1850 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Avanti Sinha
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1850 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Sarah Bade
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1850 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Karen Harmon
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1850 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1850 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Phillip Gauger
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1850 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
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16
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Rivera-Velez SM, Broughton-Neiswanger LE, Suarez M, Piñeyro P, Navas J, Chen S, Hwang J, Villarino NF. Repeated administration of the NSAID meloxicam alters the plasma and urine lipidome. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4303. [PMID: 30867479 PMCID: PMC6416286 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40686-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs), such as meloxicam, are the mainstay for treating painful and inflammatory conditions in animals and humans; however, the repeated administration of NSAIDs can cause adverse effects, limiting the long-term administration of these drugs to some patients. The primary aim of this study was to determine the effects of repeated meloxicam administration on the feline plasma and urine lipidome. Cats (n = 12) were treated subcutaneously with either saline solution or 0.3 mg/kg body weight of meloxicam daily for up to 31 days. Plasma and urine lipidome were determined by LC-MS before the first treatment and at 4, 9 and 13 and 17 days after the first administration of meloxicam. The repeated administration of meloxicam altered the feline plasma and urine lipidome as demonstrated by multivariate statistical analysis. The intensities of 94 out of 195 plasma lipids were altered by the repeated administration of meloxicam to cats (p < 0.05). Furthermore, we identified 12 lipids in plasma and 10 lipids in urine that could serve as biomarker candidates for discriminating animals receiving NSAIDs from healthy controls. Expanding our understanding about the effects of NSAIDs in the body could lead to the discovery of mechanism(s) associated with intolerance to NSAIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol M Rivera-Velez
- Program in Individualized Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, 99164, WA, United States
| | - Liam E Broughton-Neiswanger
- Program in Individualized Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, 99164, WA, United States
| | - Martin Suarez
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, 99164, WA, United States
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, 1134, IA, United States
| | - Jinna Navas
- Program in Individualized Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, 99164, WA, United States
| | - Sandy Chen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, 99164, WA, United States
| | - Julianne Hwang
- Program in Individualized Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, 99164, WA, United States
| | - Nicolas F Villarino
- Program in Individualized Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, 99164, WA, United States.
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17
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Molina-Barrios R, Luevano-Adame J, Henao-Díaz YA, Giménez-Lirola L, Piñeyro P, Magtoto R, Cedillo-Cobián J, Díaz-Rayo C, Hernández J, Zimmerman J. Collared peccary (Pecari tajacu) are susceptible to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Transbound Emerg Dis 2018; 65:1712-1719. [PMID: 29964321 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Collared peccary (Pecari tajacu) and pigs (Sus scrofa) are two members of superfamily Suoidea that coexist in the Americas and share some of the same viral infections. Although porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is among the most impactful pathogens of swine on a worldwide basis, the susceptibility of peccaries to PRRSV has not been investigated. In this study, three peccaries were intramuscularly inoculated with a PRRSV-2 field virus. One PRRSV-inoculated pig served as a positive control and two pigs and one peccary as negative controls. Serum samples were collected at regular intervals over a 23-day observation period and tested by PRRSV rtRT-PCR and isotype-specific (IgM, IgA, IgG) PRRSV ELISAs. The detection of viremia (DPI 3-23) and a PRRSV-specific humoural immune response (≥DPI 10) supported the conclusion that collared peccary are susceptible to PRRSV. The results raise questions regarding the natural history of PRRSV in non-Sus members of superfamily Suoidea and, more broadly, their role in the evolution and ecology of PRRSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Molina-Barrios
- Departamento de Ciencias Agronómicas y Veterinarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora (ITSON), Cd. Obregón, Sonora, México
| | - José Luevano-Adame
- Departamento de Ciencias Agronómicas y Veterinarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora (ITSON), Cd. Obregón, Sonora, México
| | - Yuly Alexandra Henao-Díaz
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Luis Giménez-Lirola
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Ronaldo Magtoto
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Jesús Cedillo-Cobián
- Departamento de Ciencias Agronómicas y Veterinarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora (ITSON), Cd. Obregón, Sonora, México
| | - Concepción Díaz-Rayo
- Departamento de Ciencias Agronómicas y Veterinarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora (ITSON), Cd. Obregón, Sonora, México
| | - Jesús Hernández
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C (CIAD), Hermosillo, Sonora, México
| | - Jeffrey Zimmerman
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
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18
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Subramaniam S, Piñeyro P, Derscheid RJ, Madson DM, Magstadt DR, Meng XJ. Dendritic cell-targeted porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) antigens adjuvanted with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly (I:C)) induced non-protective immune responses against heterologous type 2 PRRSV challenge in pigs. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2017; 190:18-25. [PMID: 28778318 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) is an economically important swine viral disease worldwide. Current modified live-attenuated vaccines are ineffective against heterologous strains of PRRS virus (PRRSV) circulating in the field. In this study, we evaluated three dendritic cell (DC)-targeted vaccine candidates for their protective efficacy against heterologous PRRSV challenge. Ectodomain regions of DNA-shuffled structural proteins GP3, GP4, GP5 and M of PRRSV were fused together to form the vaccine antigen which was in turn fused with one of three recombinant antibodies each specific to a DC receptor: DC-SIGN, Langerin, and DEC205. The recombinant antibody-fused vaccine antigens were co-administered with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly (I:C)) adjuvant and subsequently challenged with a heterologous type 2 PRRSV strain (NADC20) in pigs. Our results demonstrate that pigs in DC-SIGN- and DEC205-targeted, but not Langerin- and non-targeted, vaccine groups showed significant IFN-γ- and IL-4-specific CD4T cell immune responses against the vaccine antigen in 7days post-challenge. Pigs in DC-SIGN- and Langerin-targeted vaccine groups showed greatly reduced IgG responses as compared to the DEC205- and non-targeted vaccine groups. The immune responses induced by DC-targeted vaccines did not reduce viremia and lung pathological lesions in type 2 PRRSV-challenged pigs. In contrast, pigs in Langerin-targeted vaccine group showed significantly increased serum viral titers and viral antigen in lung tissues at 7 and 14days post-challenge respectively. In conclusion, specific targeting of PRRSV antigen through DC-SIGN or DEC205 or Langerin-specific antibodies in the presence of poly (I:C) adjuvant induced immune responses that failed to protect pigs against heterologous type 2 PRRSV challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakthivel Subramaniam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Rachel J Derscheid
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Darin M Madson
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Drew R Magstadt
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Xiang-Jin Meng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA.
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19
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Arruda PHE, Stevenson GW, Killian ML, Burrough ER, Gauger PC, Harmon KM, Magstadt DR, Yoon KJ, Zhang J, Madson DM, Piñeyro P, Derscheid RJ, Schwartz KJ, Cooper VL, Halbur PG, Main RG, Sato Y, Arruda BL. Outbreak of H5N2 highly pathogenic avian Influenza A virus infection in two commercial layer facilities: lesions and viral antigen distribution. J Vet Diagn Invest 2016; 28:568-73. [PMID: 27423731 DOI: 10.1177/1040638716658929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The largest outbreak of highly pathogenic avian Influenza A virus (HPAIV) infection in U.S. history began in December 2014 resulting in the euthanasia of millions of birds and collateral economic consequences to the U.S. poultry industry. We describe 2 cases of H5N2 HPAIV infection in laying hens in Iowa. Following a sharp increase in mortality with minimal clinical signs, 15 dead birds, from 2 unrelated farms, were submitted to the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. Common lesions included diffuse edema and multifocal hemorrhage of the comb, catarrhal exudate in the oropharynx, and multifocal tracheal hemorrhage. Less common lesions included epicardial petechiae, splenic hemorrhage, and pancreatic necrosis. Influenza A virus nucleoprotein was detected by immunohistochemistry in multiple cell types including ependymal cells, the choroid plexus, neurons, respiratory epithelium and macrophages in the lung, cardiac myocytes, endothelial cells, necrotic foci in the spleen, Kupffer cells in the liver, and necrotic acinar cells in the pancreas. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and sequencing confirmed H5N2 HPAIV with molecular characteristics similar to other contemporary U.S. H5N2 HPAIVs in both cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo H E Arruda
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Gregory W Stevenson
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Mary L Killian
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Eric R Burrough
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Phillip C Gauger
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Karen M Harmon
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Drew R Magstadt
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Kyoung-Jin Yoon
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Jianqiang Zhang
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Darin M Madson
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Rachel J Derscheid
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Kent J Schwartz
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Vickie L Cooper
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Patrick G Halbur
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Rodger G Main
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Yuko Sato
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Bailey L Arruda
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
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Tian D, Ni YY, Zhou L, Opriessnig T, Cao D, Piñeyro P, Yugo DM, Overend C, Cao Q, Lynn Heffron C, Halbur PG, Pearce DS, Calvert JG, Meng XJ. Chimeric porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus containing shuffled multiple envelope genes confers cross-protection in pigs. Virology 2015; 485:402-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2015.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Richmond O, Cecere T, Erdogan E, Meng X, Piñeyro P, Subramaniam S, Todd S, LeRoith T. PD-L1 expression is increased in monocyte derived dendritic cells in response to porcine circovirus type 2 and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infections. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2015; 168:24-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2015.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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22
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Richmond O, Cecere T, Erdogan E, Meng X, Piñeyro P, Subramaniam S, Todd S, LeRoith T. The PD-L1/CD86 ratio is increased in dendritic cells co-infected with porcine circovirus type 2 and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, and the PD-L1/PD-1 axis is associated with anergy, apoptosis, and the induction of regulatory T-cells in porcine lymphocytes. Vet Microbiol 2015; 180:223-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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23
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Piñeyro P, Sponenberg DP, Pancotto T, King RHM, Jortner BS. Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy with cholesterol deposits in a dog. J Vet Diagn Invest 2015; 27:762-6. [PMID: 26450833 DOI: 10.1177/1040638715610379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy occurred in an 11-year-old Labrador Retriever dog. Spinal cord compression resulted from massive radiculitis with prominent cholesterol granulomas. Cholesterol deposition and associated granuloma formation is unique in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, in both its human and canine expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Piñeyro
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology (Piñeyro, Sponenberg, Jortner), Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VASmall Animal Clinical Sciences (Pancotto), Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VADepartment of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, UK (King)
| | - D Philip Sponenberg
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology (Piñeyro, Sponenberg, Jortner), Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VASmall Animal Clinical Sciences (Pancotto), Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VADepartment of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, UK (King)
| | - Theresa Pancotto
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology (Piñeyro, Sponenberg, Jortner), Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VASmall Animal Clinical Sciences (Pancotto), Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VADepartment of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, UK (King)
| | - Rosalind H M King
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology (Piñeyro, Sponenberg, Jortner), Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VASmall Animal Clinical Sciences (Pancotto), Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VADepartment of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, UK (King)
| | - Bernard S Jortner
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology (Piñeyro, Sponenberg, Jortner), Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VASmall Animal Clinical Sciences (Pancotto), Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VADepartment of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, UK (King)
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Cossaboom CM, Huang YW, Yugo DM, Kenney SP, Piñeyro P, Matzinger SR, Heffron CL, Pierson FW, Meng XJ. RNA transcripts of full-length cDNA clones of rabbit hepatitis E virus are infectious in rabbits. J Gen Virol 2015; 96:1190. [DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.000114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Subramaniam S, Piñeyro P, Tian D, Overend C, Yugo DM, Matzinger SR, Rogers AJ, Haac MER, Cao Q, Heffron CL, Catanzaro N, Kenney SP, Huang YW, Opriessnig T, Meng XJ. In vivo targeting of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus antigen through porcine DC-SIGN to dendritic cells elicits antigen-specific CD4T cell immunity in pigs. Vaccine 2014; 32:6768-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Piñeyro P, Vieson MD, Ramos-Vara JA, Moon-Larson M, Saunders G. Histopathological and immunohistochemical findings of primary and metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma in a young dog. J Vet Sci 2014; 15:449-53. [PMID: 24690600 PMCID: PMC4178149 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2014.15.3.449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This report describes the gross, histological, and immunohistochemical features of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) with pulmonary metastases in a young dog. Sheets of pleomorphic cells supported by fibrous stroma characterized the primary mass, while metastatic nodules had a neuroendocrine pattern. Despite differing histologic features, all masses showed marked immunoreactivity against calcitonin and multiple neuroendocrine markers consistent with MTC. Although MTC is a well-recognized entity, it may be difficult to distinguish this mass from other thyroid neoplasms, necessitating immunohistochemical characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Piñeyro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology and 3Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061,
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Zhou L, Ni YY, Piñeyro P, Cossaboom CM, Subramaniam S, Sanford BJ, Dryman BA, Huang YW, Meng XJ. Broadening the heterologous cross-neutralizing antibody inducing ability of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by breeding the GP4 or M genes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66645. [PMID: 23826108 PMCID: PMC3691207 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is one of the most economically important swine pathogens, which causes reproductive failure in sows and respiratory disease in piglets. A major hurdle to control PRRSV is the ineffectiveness of the current vaccines to confer protection against heterologous strains. Since both GP4 and M genes of PRRSV induce neutralizing antibodies, in this study we molecularly bred PRRSV through DNA shuffling of the GP4 and M genes, separately, from six genetically different strains of PRRSV in an attempt to identify chimeras with improved heterologous cross-neutralizing capability. The shuffled GP4 and M genes libraries were each cloned into the backbone of PRRSV strain VR2385 infectious clone pIR-VR2385-CA. Three GP4-shuffled chimeras and five M-shuffled chimeras, each representing sequences from all six parental strains, were selected and further characterized in vitro and in pigs. These eight chimeric viruses showed similar levels of replication with their backbone strain VR2385 both in vitro and in vivo, indicating that the DNA shuffling of GP4 and M genes did not significantly impair the replication ability of these chimeras. Cross-neutralization test revealed that the GP4-shuffled chimera GP4TS14 induced significantly higher cross-neutralizing antibodies against heterologous strains FL-12 and NADC20, and similarly that the M-shuffled chimera MTS57 also induced significantly higher levels of cross-neutralizing antibodies against heterologous strains MN184B and NADC20, when compared with their backbone parental strain VR2385 in infected pigs. The results suggest that DNA shuffling of the GP4 or M genes from different parental viruses can broaden the cross-neutralizing antibody-inducing ability of the chimeric viruses against heterologous PRRSV strains. The study has important implications for future development of a broadly protective vaccine against PRRSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Agribiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Yan Ni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Caitlin M. Cossaboom
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Sakthivel Subramaniam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Brenton J. Sanford
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Barbara A. Dryman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Yao-Wei Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Xiang-Jin Meng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, USA
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Zhou L, Ni YY, Piñeyro P, Sanford BJ, Cossaboom CM, Dryman BA, Huang YW, Cao DJ, Meng XJ. DNA shuffling of the GP3 genes of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) produces a chimeric virus with an improved cross-neutralizing ability against a heterologous PRRSV strain. Virology 2012; 434:96-109. [PMID: 23051709 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2012.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Revised: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is an important swine pathogen. Here we applied the DNA shuffling approaches to molecularly breed the PRRSV GP3 gene, a neutralizing antibodies inducer, in an attempt to improve its heterologous cross-neutralizing ability. The GP3 genes of six different PRRSV strains were bred by traditional DNA shuffling. Additionally, synthetic DNA shuffling of the GP3 gene was also performed using degenerate oligonucleotides. The shuffled-GP3-libraries were cloned into the backbone of a DNA-launched PRRSV infectious clone pIR-VR2385-CA. Four traditional-shuffled chimeras each representing all 6 parental strains and four other synthetic-shuffled chimeras were successfully rescued. These chimeras displayed similar levels of replication both in vitro and in vivo, compared to the backbone parental virus, indicating that the GP3 shuffling did not impair the replication capability of the chimeras. One chimera GP3TS22 induced significantly higher levels of cross-neutralizing antibodies in pigs against a heterologous PRRSV strain FL-12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA 24061-0913, USA
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Abstract
Numerous infectious agents are responsible for causing primary or secondary respiratory disease in dogs. These agents can cause upper or lower respiratory infections commonly observed in veterinary practices. Clinical signs might vary from mild dyspnea, sneezing, and coughing to severe pneumonia with systemic manifestations. Depending on the etiologic agent, the gross and microscopic changes observed during these infections can be rather unspecific or have highly characteristic patterns. While histopathology and cytology are not always required for diagnosis of respiratory infections, they are often useful for establishing a definitive diagnosis and identifying specific etiologic agents. Research regarding epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostics, and clinical manifestations related to these infectious pathogens provides valuable information that has improved treatments and management of the diseases they cause. This review discusses the epidemiology, general clinical characteristics, and pathologic lesions for some of the important viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic etiologies of canine respiratory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda D Vieson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg, VA, USA,
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg, VA, USA,
| | - Tanya LeRoith
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg, VA, USA,
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Rossmeisl JH, Piñeyro P, Sponenberg DP, Garman RH, Jortner BS. Clinicopathologic features of intracranial central neurocytomas in 2 dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2012; 26:186-91. [PMID: 22233345 DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2011.00862.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In humans, central neurocytomas are rare and typically benign intracranial tumors found within the lateral ventricles, although extraventricular variants have been reported. Intracranial central neurocytomas have not been previously recognized in domestic animals. OBJECTIVES To describe the clinicopathologic features of canine intracranial central neurocytomas. ANIMALS Two dogs with spontaneous intracranial and intraventricular neoplasms. RESULTS Both dogs experienced seizures, rapid neurological deterioration, and death from tumor-associated complications within 5 days of the onset of clinical signs, and had neoplastic masses within the lateral ventricles. A brain MRI was performed in 1 dog, which revealed a T1-isointense, heterogeneously T2 and FLAIR hyperintense, and markedly and heterogeneously contrast-enhancing mass lesions within both lateral ventricles. Histologically, the neoplasms resembled oligodendrogliomas. The diagnosis of central neurocytoma was supported by documenting expression of multiple neuronal markers, including neuron-specific enolase, synaptophysin, neural-cell adhesion molecule, and neuronal nuclear antigen within the tumors, and ultrastructural evidence of neuronal differentiation of neoplastic cells. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Central neurocytoma should be a differential diagnosis for dogs with intraventricular brain masses. Morphologic differentiation of central neurocytoma from other intraventricular neoplasms, such as ependymoma or oligdendroglioma, can be difficult, and definitive diagnosis often requires immunohistochemical or ultrastructural confirmation of the neural origin of the neoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Rossmeisl
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg,VA 24061, USA.
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Cossaboom CM, Córdoba L, Sanford BJ, Piñeyro P, Kenney SP, Dryman BA, Wang Y, Meng XJ. Cross-species infection of pigs with a novel rabbit, but not rat, strain of hepatitis E virus isolated in the United States. J Gen Virol 2012; 93:1687-1695. [PMID: 22535776 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.041509-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important human pathogen. In addition to humans, HEV has also been identified in pig, chicken, mongoose, deer, rat, rabbit and fish. There are four recognized and two putative genotypes of mammalian HEV. Genotypes 1 and 2 are restricted to humans, while genotypes 3 and 4 are zoonotic. The recently identified rabbit HEV is a distant member of genotype 3. Here, we first expressed and purified the recombinant capsid protein of rabbit HEV and showed that the capsid protein of rabbit HEV cross-reacted with antibodies raised against avian, rat, swine and human HEV. Conversely, we showed that antibodies against rabbit HEV cross-reacted with capsid proteins derived from chicken, rat, swine and human HEV. Since pigs are the natural host of genotype 3 HEV, we then determined if rabbit HEV infects pigs. Twenty pigs were divided into five groups of four each and intravenously inoculated with PBS, US rabbit HEV, Chinese rabbit HEV, US rat HEV and swine HEV, respectively. Results showed that only half of the pigs inoculated with rabbit HEV had low levels of viraemia and faecal virus shedding, indicative of active but not robust HEV infection. Infection of pigs by rabbit HEV was further verified by transmission of the virus recovered from pig faeces to naïve rabbits. Pigs inoculated with rat HEV showed no evidence of infection. Preliminary results suggest that rabbit HEV is antigenically related to other HEV strains and infects pigs and that rat HEV failed to infect pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin M Cossaboom
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Laura Córdoba
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Brenton J Sanford
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Scott P Kenney
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Barbara A Dryman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Youchun Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiang-Jin Meng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
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Cappuccio JA, Pena L, Dibárbora M, Rimondi A, Piñeyro P, Insarralde L, Quiroga MA, Machuca M, Craig MI, Olivera V, Chockalingam A, Perfumo CJ, Perez DR, Pereda A. Outbreak of swine influenza in Argentina reveals a non-contemporary human H3N2 virus highly transmissible among pigs. J Gen Virol 2011; 92:2871-2878. [PMID: 21849519 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.036590-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sporadic outbreaks of human H3N2 influenza A virus (IAV) infections in swine populations have been reported in Asia, Europe and North America since 1970. In South America, serological surveys in pigs indicate that IAVs of the H3 and H1 subtypes are currently in circulation; however, neither virus isolation nor characterization has been reported. In November 2008, an outbreak of respiratory disease in pigs consistent with swine influenza virus (SIV) infection was detected in Argentina. The current study describes the clinical epidemiology, pathology, and molecular and biological characteristics of the virus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the virus isolate shared nucleotide identities of 96-98 % with H3N2 IAVs that circulated in humans from 2000 to 2003. Antigenically, sera from experimentally inoculated animals cross-reacted mainly with non-contemporary human-origin H3N2 influenza viruses. In an experimental infection in a commercial swine breed, the virus was of low virulence but was transmitted efficiently to contact pigs and caused severe disease when an infected animal acquired a secondary bacterial infection. This is the first report of a wholly human H3N2 IAV associated with clinical disease in pigs in South America. These studies highlight the importance of two-way transmission of IAVs and SIVs between pigs and humans, and call for enhanced influenza surveillance in the pig population worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier A Cappuccio
- Department of Special Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, La Plata National University, CC296, A1900 VW, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Lindomar Pena
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, 8075 Greenmead Drive, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Marina Dibárbora
- Institute of Virology, National Institute of Agriculture Technology (INTA), CC25, 1712 Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Agustina Rimondi
- Institute of Virology, National Institute of Agriculture Technology (INTA), CC25, 1712 Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Department of Special Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, La Plata National University, CC296, A1900 VW, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Lucas Insarralde
- Department of Special Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, La Plata National University, CC296, A1900 VW, La Plata, Argentina
| | - María A Quiroga
- Department of Special Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, La Plata National University, CC296, A1900 VW, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Mariana Machuca
- Department of Special Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, La Plata National University, CC296, A1900 VW, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Maria I Craig
- Institute of Virology, National Institute of Agriculture Technology (INTA), CC25, 1712 Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Valeria Olivera
- Institute of Virology, National Institute of Agriculture Technology (INTA), CC25, 1712 Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ashok Chockalingam
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, 8075 Greenmead Drive, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Carlos J Perfumo
- Department of Special Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, La Plata National University, CC296, A1900 VW, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Daniel R Perez
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, 8075 Greenmead Drive, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Ariel Pereda
- Institute of Virology, National Institute of Agriculture Technology (INTA), CC25, 1712 Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Pereda A, Piñeyro P, Bratanich A, Quiroga MA, Bucafusco D, Craig MI, Cappuccio J, Machuca M, Rimondi A, Dibárbora M, Sanguinetti HR, Perfumo CJ. Genetic characterization of porcine circovirus type 2 from pigs with porcine circovirus associated diseases in Argentina. ISRN Vet Sci 2011; 2011:560905. [PMID: 23738099 PMCID: PMC3658546 DOI: 10.5402/2011/560905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2011] [Accepted: 04/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) has been associated with syndromes grouped by the term porcine circovirus associated diseases (PCVAD). The PCV-2 isolates have been grouped into two major groups or genotypes according to their nucleotide sequence of whole genomes and/or ORF-2: PCV-2b, which have, in turn, been subdivided into three clusters (1A-1C), and PCV-2a, which has been subdivided into five clusters (2A-2E). In the present study, we obtained 16 sequences of PCV-2 from different farms from 2003 to 2008, from animals with confirmatory diagnosis of PCVAD. Since results showed an identity of 99.8% among them, they were grouped within a common cluster 1A-B. This preliminary study suggests a stable circulation of PCV-2b among the Argentinean pig population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Pereda
- Laboratorio Aves y Porcinos, Instituto de Virologia CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA), CC25, 1712 Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Ibar MP, Vigo G, Piñeyro P, Caffer MI, Quiroga P, Perfumo C, Centrón D, Giacoboni G. [Serovars of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica and its antimicrobial resistance in slaughterhouse pigs]. Rev Argent Microbiol 2009; 41:156-162. [PMID: 19831314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A study was carried out in order to determine the prevalence of Salmonella and its serovars among porcine slaughterhouses, to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance profiles and to know the presence of class 1 integrons as possible reservoir of resistance. From a total of 386 samples from four porcine slaughterhouses of Buenos Aires and Santa Fe Provinces (Argentina), 93 (24.1%) Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica strains were identified, 52 (55.9%) from cecal contents and 41 (44.1%) from ileocecal lymph nodes. Thirteen serovars of S. enterica were found, the most prevalent were: S. Schwarzengrund, S. Heidelberg, S. subspecie I 6,8:e,h:-, S. Derby and S. Bredeney. Fifteen antimicrobials by the agar dilution method were tested: amikacin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, cephalotin, cefotaxime, enrofloxacin, fosfomycin, polimixin-B, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin, nitrofurantoin, and nalidixic acid. According to the CIM determination, 73% Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica strains were sensible to all the antimicrobials tested. Antimicrobial resistance was observed to tetracycline in 24 (25.8%) of 93 strains, to chloramphenicol in 22 (23.7%), to streptomycin in 22 (23.7%), to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in 20 (21.5%), to ampicillin in 18 (19.4%), to nitrofurantoin in 3 (3.2%) and to nalidixic acid in 3 (3.2%). Some isolates of S. Typhimurium, S. Heidelberg, S. Derby, S. Orion showed multidrug resistance and carried the class 1 integrase gene. The highest percentage of resistance corresponded to the antimicrobials currently used in veterinary and porcine farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Ibar
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico e Investigaciones Bacteriológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 60 y 118 (1900) La Plata.
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Quiroga MA, Cappuccio J, Piñeyro P, Basso W, Moré G, Kienast M, Schonfeld S, Cáncer JL, Arauz S, Pintos ME, Nanni M, Machuca M, Hirano N, Perfumo CJ. Hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis coronavirus infection in pigs, Argentina. Emerg Infect Dis 2008; 14:484-6. [PMID: 18325268 PMCID: PMC2570804 DOI: 10.3201/eid1403.070825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe an outbreak of vomiting, wasting, and encephalomyelitis syndrome in piglets in Argentina, caused by porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis coronavirus (PHE-CoV) infection. Diagnosis was made by epidemiologic factors, pathologic features, immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription–PCR, and genomic sequencing. This study documents PHE-CoV infection in South America.
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36
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Williams SI, Piñeyro P, de la Sota RL. Accuracy of pregnancy diagnosis in swine by ultrasonography. Can Vet J 2008; 49:269-273. [PMID: 18390099 PMCID: PMC2249720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Early and accurate diagnosis of nonpregnant sows and gilts has the potential to increase reproductive efficiency and the financial income in pig production by reducing non-productive days per sow per year. The objectives of this study were to compare the efficiency of pregnancy diagnosis between Doppler Echo+ and real time ultrasonography (RTU) and to compare the efficiency by using RTU at different days post-mating (days 17 to 24) under commercial conditions. In the 1st study, using crossbreed sows and gilts (n=107), pregnancy diagnoses were done with Doppler Echo+ and then with RTU. Between 28 and 65 days of gestation, Doppler Echo+ had 85% sensitivity and 32% specificity, and efficiency was 73%. In the 2nd study, sows (n=142) were scanned for pregnancy diagnosis between 17 and 24 d post-mating (PD1) and reconfirmed between 38 and 45 days of gestation (PD2). After 21 days of gestation, RTU had over 90% sensitivity and 45% specificity, and 70% efficiency. Accuracy between PD1-farrowing was 75.5% and between PD1 and PD2 was 80.6%. In the 3rd study, sows were diagnosed pregnant by RTU (n=151) at 17 to 24 days of gestation or A-mode ultrasound (n=172) at 28 to 30 days of gestation. There were no significant differences in conception rate (P > 0.09) and farrowing rate (P > 0.67) between both groups. Hence, there was no improvement in fertility and farrowing rate by using RTU instead of A-mode ultrasound under commercial conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara I Williams
- Instituto de Teriogenología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 60 y 118, B1900AVW, La Plata, Argentina.
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Moredo FA, Vigo GB, Cappuccio JA, Piñeyro P, Perfumo CJ, Giacoboni GI. [Antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from pigs in Argentina]. Rev Argent Microbiol 2007; 39:227-229. [PMID: 18390159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coil isolated from pigs in Argentina. Sixty-nine Escherichia coli isolates from healthy pigs or with clinical signs non-compatible with diarrhea caused by this microorganism, were studied. The purpose was to determine the resistance profile against antimicrobials frequently used in veterinary and human medicine. The agar diffusion method was used. High resistance percentages against antimicrobials used in swine farms such as ampicillin, streptomycin and tetracycline were observed, as well as against trimetoprim-sulfametoxazole and chloramphenicol, compounds that were stopped being used several years ago. Sixty two percent of isolates showed multidrug-resistance. The results obtained in this work corroborate the hypothesis that the phenotypic distribution of resistance and possibly that of its genetic determinants, are directly influenced by the antimicrobial treatments used.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Moredo
- Cátedra de Microbiología, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Pcia. de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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