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Kugarajah V, Nisha KN, Jayakumar R, Sahabudeen S, Ramakrishnan P, Mohamed SB. Significance of microbial genome in environmental remediation. Microbiol Res 2023; 271:127360. [PMID: 36931127 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollutants seriously threaten the ecosystem and health of various life forms, particularly with the rapid industrialization and emerging population. Conventionally physical and chemical strategies are being opted for the removal of these pollutants. Bioremediation, through several advancements, has been a boon to combat the existing threat faced today. Microbes with enzymes degrade various pollutants and utilize them as a carbon and energy source. With the existing demand and through several research explorations, Genetically Engineered Microorganisms (GEMs) have paved to be a successful approach to abate pollution through bioremediation. The genome of the microbe determines its biodegradative nature. Thus, methods including pure culture techniques and metagenomics are used for analyzing the genome of microbes, which provides information about catabolic genes. The information obtained along with the aid of biotechnology helps to construct GEMs that are cost-effective and safer thereby exhibiting higher degradation of pollutants. The present review focuses on the role of microbes in the degradation of environmental pollutants, role of evolution in habitat and adaptation of microbes, microbial degenerative genes, their pathways, and the efficacy of recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology for creating GEMs for bioremediation. The present review also provides a gist of existing GEMs for bioremediation and their limitations, thereby providing a future scope of implementation of these GEMs for a sustainable environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaidhegi Kugarajah
- Department of Nanobiomaterials, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602015, India
| | | | - R Jayakumar
- Department of Nanobiomaterials, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602015, India
| | - S Sahabudeen
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kanchipuram Dist, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India; Medical Team, Doctoral Institute for Evidence Based Policy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - P Ramakrishnan
- Department of Nanobiomaterials, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602015, India.
| | - S B Mohamed
- Department of Materials Science, School of Technology, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur 610005, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Ganapathi SK, Subbiah R, Rudramurthy S, Kakkilaya H, Ramakrishnan P, Chinnusamy P. Laparoscopic posterior rectopexy for complete rectal prolapse: Is it the ideal procedure for males? J Minim Access Surg 2022; 18:295-301. [PMID: 35313438 PMCID: PMC8973478 DOI: 10.4103/jmas.jmas_323_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rectal prolapse is more common in elderly women worldwide, but in India, it predominantly occurs in young- and middle-aged males. While ventral mesh rectopexy is proposed as the preferred procedure in females, the debate on the best procedure in men is still wide open. Methods A retrospective review of all adult male patients operated for external rectal prolapse (ERP) between January 2005 and December 2019 was performed. Patients either underwent modified laparoscopic posterior mesh rectopexy (LPMR) or laparoscopic resection rectopexy (LRR). The outcome was analysed in terms of recurrence, post-operative constipation, sexual dysfunction and other complications. Results A total of 118 male patients were included (LPMR: 106, LRR: 12). The mean age was 46.2 years (standard deviation [SD] 11.8, range: 21-88). The mean operating time was 108 min (SD: 24). The mean length of hospital stay was 4.8 days (SD: 1.4, range: 3-11 days). There was no anastomotic leak in the LRR group. Other complications included wound infection (n = 2), mesh infection with sigmoid colon perforation (n = 1), constipation (n = 4), sexual dysfunction (n = 2), urinary urgency (n = 3) and retention of urine (n = 4). There was no mortality in both the groups. During a mean follow-up of 5.2 years, recurrent ERP was noted in one patient and partial mucosal prolapse was seen in three patients. Conclusion LPMR/LRR is a safe and effective treatment for ERP in men with very low recurrence rates. Randomised trials comparing modified LPMR with LVMR are needed to establish the better procedure in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senthil Kumar Ganapathi
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, GEM Hospital and Research Centre, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajapandian Subbiah
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, GEM Hospital and Research Centre, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sathiyamoorthy Rudramurthy
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, GEM Hospital and Research Centre, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Harish Kakkilaya
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, GEM Hospital and Research Centre, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Parthasarathi Ramakrishnan
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, GEM Hospital and Research Centre, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Palanivelu Chinnusamy
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, GEM Hospital and Research Centre, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Chittawadagi B, Nayak SK, Ramakrishnan P, Kumar S, Cumar B, Natarajan R, Palanivelu PR, Chinnusamy P. Laparoscopic D2 gastrectomy in advanced gastric cancer: Postoperative outcomes and long-term survival analysis. Asian J Endosc Surg 2021; 14:707-716. [PMID: 33605064 DOI: 10.1111/ases.12926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Data on laparoscopic treatment of operable gastric cancer from India is sparse. This study aims to document outcomes of laparoscopic D2 gastrectomy in an Indian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data of patients who underwent laparoscopic D2 gastrectomy for operable advanced gastric cancer between February 2012 and January 2017 were collected from electronic hospital records supplemented by telephonic interviews and analyzed. Survival was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis curves. RESULTS In total 121 patients were included. Conversion to open gastrectomy was 5.7%. One hundred and fourteen patients (73 laparoscopic subtotal gastrectomy and 41 laparoscopic total gastrectomy) were included for analysis. D2 lymphadenectomy was done in all cases; mean number of dissected lymph nodes was 23.12 ± 9.14 (12-45). Major complications (Clavien-Dindo Grade III and IV) was seen in 6.1% of cases with reoperation rate of 3.5% (4/114). Stage 3 disease was seen in 60.6% cases and stage 2 disease in 32.5%. Follow-up data were available for 76.3% of patients with mean follow-up of 29.5 months. Overall survival across all stages was 38.7 months. Five-year disease-free survival and overall survival were 36.7% and 55.9% respectively, across all stages. CONCLUSION Laparoscopic D2 gastrectomy is safe, feasible with similar postoperative complications and comparable survival outcomes across all stages when compared to available literature on open gastrectomy cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhushan Chittawadagi
- Division of Esophago-Gastric Surgery, GEM Hospital and Research Center, Coimbatore, India
| | - Sunil K Nayak
- Division of Esophago-Gastric Surgery, GEM Hospital and Research Center, Coimbatore, India
| | | | - Saravana Kumar
- Division of Esophago-Gastric Surgery, GEM Hospital and Research Center, Coimbatore, India
| | - Bharath Cumar
- Division of Esophago-Gastric Surgery, GEM Hospital and Research Center, Coimbatore, India
| | - Ramesh Natarajan
- Division of Esophago-Gastric Surgery, GEM Hospital and Research Center, Coimbatore, India
| | - Praveen R Palanivelu
- Division of Esophago-Gastric Surgery, GEM Hospital and Research Center, Coimbatore, India
| | - Palanivelu Chinnusamy
- Division of Esophago-Gastric Surgery, GEM Hospital and Research Center, Coimbatore, India
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Ferreri AJ, Tarantino V, Cabras G, Ferrara F, Zinzani PL, Arcaini L, Castellino A, Tucci A, Cocito F, Davies A, Salvador Chalup MM, Cwynarski K, Nogueira FL, Petrucci L, Muzi C, Onofrillo D, Ferrario A, Ramakrishnan P, Scalzulli PR, Tani M, Tisi MC, Papageorgiou SG, Calimeri T, Angelillo P, Foppoli M, Dimou M, Ponzoni M, Iannitto E, Vassilakopoulos TP. PROGNOSTIC FACTORS, MANAGEMENT AND OUTCOME OF AN INTERNATIONAL SERIES OF 41 PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY MEDIASTINAL LARGE B‐CELL LYMPHOMA (PMLBCL) AND CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS) INVOLVEMENT. Hematol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.66_2880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. J.M. Ferreri
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Lymphoma Unit Dept. of Onco‐Hematology Milano Italy
| | - V. Tarantino
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia PhD Program in Clinical and Experimental Medicine Modena Italy
| | - G. Cabras
- Ospedale Oncologico Struttura Complessa di Ematologia e CTMO Cagliari Italy
| | - F. Ferrara
- AORN Cardarelli Hospital Division of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Program Naples Italy
| | - P. L. Zinzani
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero‐Universitaria di Bologna Istituto di Ematologia “Seràgnoli Bologna Italy
| | - L. Arcaini
- Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo & Department of Molecular Medicine University of Pavia Division of Hematology Pavia Italy
| | | | - A. Tucci
- ASST Spedali Civili Hematology Department Brescia Italy
| | - F. Cocito
- ASST‐Monza UC di Ematologia Monza Italy
| | - A. Davies
- CRUK Centre University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine Southampton Experimental Cancer Medicines Centre Southampton UK
| | - M. M.B Salvador Chalup
- Hematológica Oncoclínicas, Hematological Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - K. Cwynarski
- University College London Hospitals Department of Haematology London UK
| | - F. L. Nogueira
- Gurpo Oncoclínicas Clínica Hematologica Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - L. Petrucci
- University Sapienza Hematology Department of Translation and Precision Medicine Rome Italy
| | - C. Muzi
- ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda Division of Haematology Milan Italy
| | - D. Onofrillo
- Spirito Santo Hospital Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Unit Department of Hematology Pescara Italy
| | | | - P. Ramakrishnan
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center UT Southwestern Medical Center Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy Dallas Texas USA
| | - P. R. Scalzulli
- Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza” Division of Hematology San Giovanni Rotondo Italy
| | - M. Tani
- Santa Maria delle Croci Hospital Hematology Unit Ravenna Italy
| | - M. C. Tisi
- San Bortolo Hospital Cell Therapy and Hematology Vicenza Italy
| | - S. G. Papageorgiou
- University General Hospital "Attikon" National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Second Department of Internal Medicine Propaedeutic Hematology Unit Athens Greece
| | - T. Calimeri
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Lymphoma Unit Dept. of Onco‐Hematology Milano Italy
| | - P. Angelillo
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Lymphoma Unit Dept. of Onco‐Hematology Milano Italy
| | - M. Foppoli
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Lymphoma Unit Dept. of Onco‐Hematology Milano Italy
| | - M. Dimou
- General Hospital National and Kapodistrian University of Athens First Department of Internal Medicine, Propaedeutic Haematology Clinical Trial Unit Athens Greece
| | - M. Ponzoni
- Università Vita‐salute San Raffaele Milano, Italy Pathology Unit Milan Italy
| | - E. Iannitto
- Casa di Cura "La Maddalena" Hematology and BMT Department of Oncology Palermo Italy
| | - T. P. Vassilakopoulos
- Laikon General Hospital National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Department of Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Athens Greece
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Iyer M, Tiwari S, Renu K, Pasha MY, Pandit S, Singh B, Raj N, Krothapalli S, Kwak HJ, Balasubramanian V, Jang SB, G DK, Uttpal A, Narayanasamy A, Kinoshita M, Subramaniam MD, Nachimuthu SK, Roy A, Valsala Gopalakrishnan A, Ramakrishnan P, Cho SG, Vellingiri B. Environmental survival of SARS-CoV-2 - A solid waste perspective. Environ Res 2021; 197:111015. [PMID: 33775678 PMCID: PMC7997151 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The advent of COVID-19 has kept the whole world on their toes. Countries are maximizing their efforts to combat the virus and to minimize the infection. Since infectious microorganisms may be transmitted by variety of routes, respiratory and facial protection is required for those that are usually transmitted via droplets/aerosols. Therefore this pandemic has caused a sudden increase in the demand for personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, masks, and many other important items since, the evidence of individual-to-individual transmission (through respiratory droplets/coughing) and secondary infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). But the disposal of these personal protective measures remains a huge question mark towards the environmental impact. Huge waste generation demands proper segregation according to waste types, collection, and recycling to minimize the risk of infection spread through aerosols and attempts to implement measures to monitor infections. Hence, this review focuses on the impact of environment due to improper disposal of these personal protective measures and to investigate the safe disposal methods for these protective measures by using the safe, secure and innovative biological methods such as the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Ultraviolet (UV) lights for killing such deadly viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahalaxmi Iyer
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, 600- 006, India
| | - Sushmita Tiwari
- Computational Toxicology Facility, Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, Environmental Monitoring and Intervention Hub (DSIR-CRTDH), CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, M. G. Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kaviyarasi Renu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Md Younus Pasha
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, School of Medical and Allied Health Science, Sanskriti University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281401, India
| | - Shraddha Pandit
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bhupender Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Neethu Raj
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641-046, India
| | - Saikrishna Krothapalli
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641-046, India
| | - Hee Jeong Kwak
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Venkatesh Balasubramanian
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641-046, India
| | - Soo Bin Jang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dileep Kumar G
- Department of Seed Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anand Uttpal
- Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Arul Narayanasamy
- Disease Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Masako Kinoshita
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Utano National Hospital, 8 Ondoyama-Cho, Narutaki, Ukyo-Ku, Kyoto, 616-8255, Japan
| | - Mohana Devi Subramaniam
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, 600- 006, India
| | - Senthil Kumar Nachimuthu
- Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University (A Central University), Aizawl, 796 004, Mizoram, India
| | - Ayan Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Parthasarathi Ramakrishnan
- Computational Toxicology Facility, Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, Environmental Monitoring and Intervention Hub (DSIR-CRTDH), CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, M. G. Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ssang-Goo Cho
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641-046, India.
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Balasubramanian S, Chittawadagi B, Misra S, Ramakrishnan P, Chinnusamy P. Propensity matched analysis of short term oncological and perioperative outcomes following robotic and thoracolaparoscopic esophagectomy for carcinoma esophagus- the first Indian experience. J Robot Surg 2021; 16:97-105. [PMID: 33609251 PMCID: PMC7896161 DOI: 10.1007/s11701-021-01211-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Thoracolaparoscopic esophagectomy (TLE) for carcinoma esophagus has better short-term outcomes compared to open esophagectomy. The precise role of robot-assisted laparoscopic esophagectomy (RALE) is still evolving. Single center retrospective analysis of TLE and RALE performed for carcinoma esophagus between January 2015 and September 2018. Propensity score matching was done between the groups for age, gender, BMI, ASA grade, tumor location, neoadjuvant therapy, the extent of surgical resection (Ivor Lewis or McKeown’s), histopathological type (squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma), clinical T and N stages. The primary outcome parameter was lymph node yield. Secondary outcome parameters were resection margin status, duration of surgery, blood loss, conversion to open procedure, length of hospital stay, length of ICU stay, complications, 90-day mortality and cost. There were 90 patients in TLE and 25 patients in RALE group. After propensity matching, there were 22 patients in each group. The lymph node yield was similar in both the groups (23.95 ± 8.23 vs 22.73 ± 11.63; p = 0.688). There were no conversions or positive resection margins in either group. RALE was associated with longer operating duration (513.18 ± 91.23 min vs 444.77 ± 64.91 min; p = 0.006) and higher cost ($5271.75 ± 456.46 vs $4243.01 ± 474.64; p < 0.001) than TLE. Both were comparable in terms of blood loss (138.86 ± 31.20 ml vs 133.18 ± 34.80 ml; p = 0.572), Clavien-Dindo grade IIIa and above complications (13.64% vs 9.09%; p = 0.634), hospital stay (12.18 ± 6.35 days vs 12.73 ± 7.83 days; p = 0.801), ICU stay (4.91 ± 5.22 days vs 4.77 ± 4.81 days; p = 0.929) and mortality (0 vs 4.55%; p = 0.235). RALE is comparable to TLE in terms of short-term oncological and perioperative outcomes except for longer operating duration when performed for carcinoma esophagus. RALE is costlier than TLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankar Balasubramanian
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, GEM Hospital and Research Center, Coimbatore, India.
| | - Bhushan Chittawadagi
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, GEM Hospital and Research Center, Coimbatore, India
| | - Shivanshu Misra
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, GEM Hospital and Research Center, Coimbatore, India
| | | | - Palanivelu Chinnusamy
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, GEM Hospital and Research Center, Coimbatore, India
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Ganapathi SK, Subbiah R, Rudramurthy S, Kakkilaya H, Ramakrishnan P, Chinnusamy P. Laparoscopic anterior resection: Analysis of technique over 1000 cases. J Minim Access Surg 2021; 17:356-362. [PMID: 33605924 PMCID: PMC8270051 DOI: 10.4103/jmas.jmas_132_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Laparoscopic rectal surgery has moved from being experimental to getting established as a mainstream procedure. We aimed at analysing how rectal cancer surgery has evolved at our institute. Methods: A retrospective review of 1000 consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic anterior resection for rectal adenocarcinoma over a period of 15 years (January 2005 to December 2019) was performed. Technical modifications were made with splenic flexure mobilisation, intersphincteric dissection and anastomotic technique. The data collected included type of surgery, duration of surgery, conversion to open, anastomotic leak, defunctioning stoma and duration of hospital stay. The first 500 and the next 500 cases were compared. Results: The study patients were predominantly males comprising 68% (n = 680). The mean age of the patients was 58.3 years (range: 28–92 years). Majority of the procedures performed were high anterior resection (n = 402) and low anterior resection (LAR) (n = 341) followed by ultra-LAR (ULAR) (n = 208) and ULAR + colo-anal anastomosis (n = 49). A total of 42 patients who were planned for laparoscopic surgery needed conversion to open procedure. Forty-one patients (4.1%) had an anastomotic leak. The mean duration of stay was 5.3 + 2.8 days. The rate of conversion to open procedure had reduced from 5.4% to 3.0%. The rate of defunctioning stoma had reduced by >50% in the recent group. The anastomotic leak rate had reduced from 5.0% to 3.2%. The average duration of stay had reduced from 5.8 days to 4.9 days. Conclusion: This is one of the largest single-centre experiences of laparoscopic anterior resection. We have shown the progressive benefits of an evolving approach to laparoscopic anterior resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senthil Kumar Ganapathi
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, GEM Hospital and Research Centre, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajapandian Subbiah
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, GEM Hospital and Research Centre, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sathiyamoorthy Rudramurthy
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, GEM Hospital and Research Centre, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Harish Kakkilaya
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, GEM Hospital and Research Centre, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Parthasarathi Ramakrishnan
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, GEM Hospital and Research Centre, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Palanivelu Chinnusamy
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, GEM Hospital and Research Centre, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Palanivelu C, Dey S, Sabnis S, Gupta R, Cumar B, Kumar S, Natarajan R, Ramakrishnan P. Robotic-assisted minimally invasive oesophagectomy for cancer: An initial experience. J Minim Access Surg 2019; 15:234-241. [PMID: 29737322 PMCID: PMC6561075 DOI: 10.4103/jmas.jmas_7_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The morbidity related to radical oesophagectomy can be reduced by adopting minimally invasive techniques. Over 250 thoraco-laparoscopic oesophagectomy (TLE) was done in our centre over the last 15 years, before adopting robotic surgery as the latest innovation in the field of minimally invasive surgery. Here, we share our initial experience of robotic-assisted minimally invasive oesophagectomy (RAMIE) for carcinoma oesophagus. Methods: A prospective observational study conducted from February to December 2017. A total of 15 patients underwent RAMIE in this period. Data regarding demography, clinical characteristics, investigations, operating techniques, and post-operative outcome were collected in detail. Results: There were 10 (66.7%) male patients and the median age of all patients was 62.9 (range 36–78) years. The median body mass index was 24.4 (range 15–32.8) kg/m2. Twelve (80.0%) patients had squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oesophagus and 3 (20%) patients had adenocarcinoma (AC). Five (33.3%) patients received neoadjuvant therapy. All 15 patients underwent RAMIE. Patients with SCC underwent McKeown's procedure, and those with AC underwent Ivor Lewis procedure. Extended two-field lymphadenectomy (including total mediastinal lymphadenectomy) was done for all the patients. The median operating time was 558 (range 390–690) min and median blood loss was 145 (range 90–230) ml. There were no intra-operative adverse events, and none of them required conversion to open or total thoracolaparoscopic procedure. The most common post-operative complications were recurrent laryngeal nerve paresis (3 patients, 20.0%) and pneumonia (2 patients, 13.3%). The median hospital stay was 9 (range 7–33) days. In total, 9 (60%) patients required adjuvant treatment. Conclusion: Adequate experience in TLE can help minimally invasive surgeons in easy adoption of RAMIE with satisfactory outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinnusamy Palanivelu
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Minimal Access Surgery, GEM Hospital and Research Centre, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sumanta Dey
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Minimal Access Surgery, GEM Hospital and Research Centre, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sandeep Sabnis
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Minimal Access Surgery, GEM Hospital and Research Centre, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raghavendra Gupta
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Minimal Access Surgery, GEM Hospital and Research Centre, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bharath Cumar
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Minimal Access Surgery, GEM Hospital and Research Centre, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saravana Kumar
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Minimal Access Surgery, GEM Hospital and Research Centre, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramesh Natarajan
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Minimal Access Surgery, GEM Hospital and Research Centre, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Parthasarathi Ramakrishnan
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Minimal Access Surgery, GEM Hospital and Research Centre, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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de Jesus T, Ramakrishnan P. LB982 Novel mechanism of self inhibition by NF-κB c-Rel. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Ramakrishnan
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8202; and Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, North Carolina 27706
| | - G. E. Mitchell
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8202; and Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, North Carolina 27706
| | - C. R. Gould
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8202; and Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, North Carolina 27706
| | - S. A. Wender
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Ramakrishnan
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8202 and Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, North Carolina 27706
| | - G. E. Mitchell
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8202 and Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, North Carolina 27706
| | - C. R. Gould
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8202 and Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, North Carolina 27706
| | - S. A. Wender
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | | | - R. C. Little
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
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Zaidat OO, Castonguay A, Haussen D, English J, Farid H, Veznedaroglu E, Binning M, Puri AS, Hou SY, Janardhan V, Vora N, Budzik RF, Alshekhlee A, Abraham MG, Edgell R, Taqi A, Lin E, Khoury R, Mokin M, Majjhoo AQ, Kabbani MR, Froehler MT, Finch I, Prabhakaran S, Novakovic R, Nguyen T, Mehta S, Quadri SA, Ramakrishnan P, Nogueira RG. Abstract WMP8: Results of Trevo Acute Ischemic Stroke Thrombectomy Registry: Predictors of Clinical Outcome. Stroke 2016. [DOI: 10.1161/str.47.suppl_1.wmp8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose:
Recent randomized clinical trial (RCTs) demonstrated efficacy of mechanical thrombectomy using stent-retrievers in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. The main purpose of TRevo ACute Ischemic StroKe (TRACK) stent-retriever thrombectomy multicenter registry is to demonstrate safety and efficacy in real life clinical practice.
Methods:
The investigator-initiated TRACK multicenter registry recruited 24 sites in north America to submit demographic, clinical, site-adjudicated angiographic, and outcome data on consecutive AIS patients treated with Trevo stent-retriever device as the first treatment option. Standard clinical safety (symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), and mortality) and efficacy (revascularization and disability) outcomes and predictors of clinical outcome were analyzed.
Results:
624 patients were enrolled in the TRACK registry. Median age was 68 years (range 16-94, 118 (18.1%) >80), male gender was 51.4%, and 67.7% were white. The median National Institutes of Health Stroke Severity Scale (NIHSS) was 17 (IQR 13-22). Transfer cases were 50.6% with IV-rtPA use in 318 cases (51.3%). Median onset to groin puncture (OTG) time was 283 min (IQR 198.5-443), and groin puncture to revascularization was 66 min (IQR 37.5-103). Anterior circulation occlusion was 86.2% (MCA/M2 in 55.2% followed by ICA in 15.9% and M2 in 12.7%). Use of GA was in 389 cases (62.3%), number of passes were ≤ 3 in 92% of the cases (1: 45.2%, 2:28%, and 3:18.7%), 291 (46.7%) had BGC use. Rescue use was seen in 21.7%. Revascularization of ≥ TIMI 2 was 81.8% and ≥ TICI 2b was 70%. The primary outcome of mRS of ≥ 2 was 48.3% in the full cohort, and 50.6% in TREVO-2 like group. sICH and mortality were 7.2%, and 20.1% in the full cohort vs 6.9% and 17.5% in the TREVO-2 like group, respectively. The independent predictors of clinical outcome were lower baseline NIHSS, younger age, use of BGC, successful recanalization, and no general anesthesia (GA).
Conclusions:
The real life clinical practice Trevo registry demonstrated good clinical outcome and high rate of recanalization. Younger age, lower baseline NIHSS, use of balloon guide catheter, successful recanalization, and avoiding endotrachaeal GA independent predictors of good clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - N Vora
- Riverside Radiology, Columbus, OH
| | | | | | | | | | | | - E Lin
- St Vincent Mercy Hosp, Toledo, OH
| | | | - M Mokin
- Univ of S Florida, Tampa, FL
| | | | | | | | - I Finch
- John Muir Med Cntr, Walnut Creek, CA
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Zaidat O, Castonguay A, Nogueira R, Ramakrishnan P, Haussen D, Lima A, English J, Farid H, Veznedaroglu E, Binning M, Puri A, Hou S, Janardhan V, Vora N, Budzik R, Alshekhlee A, Abraham M, Edgell R, Taqi M, Lin E, Khoury R, Mokin M, Majjhoo A, Kabbani M, Froehler M, Finch I, Prabhakaran S, Novakovic R, Nguyen T, Wesley J. O-008 final revascularization and clinical outcome results from the multicenter trevo stent-retriever acute stroke (track) post-marketing registry. J Neurointerv Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2015-011917.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Castonguay A, Zaidat O, Nogueira R, Ramakrishnan P, Haussen D, Lima A, English J, Farid H, Veznedaroglu E, Binning M, Puri A, Hou S, Janardhan V, Vora N, Budzik R, Alshekhlee A, Abraham M, Edgell R, Taqi M, Lin E, Khoury R, Mokin M, Majjhoo A, Kabbani M, Froehler M, Finch I, Prabhakaran S, Novakovic R, Nguyen T. E-055 analysis of a mr clean-like group in the multicenter track registry. J Neurointerv Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2015-011917.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Ramakrishnan P, Karimah A, Kuntaman K, Shukla A, Ansari BKM, Rao PH, Ahmed M, Tribulato A, Agarwal AK, Koenig HG, Murthy P. Religious/spiritual characteristics of indian and indonesian physicians and their acceptance of spirituality in health care: a cross-cultural comparison. J Relig Health 2015; 54:649-663. [PMID: 24944165 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-014-9906-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Religious/spiritual (r/s) characteristics of physicians influence their attitude toward integrative medicine and spiritual care. Indonesia physicians collaborate with traditional, complementary, and alternative medicine (TCAM) professionals within modern healthcare system, while Indian physicians are not reported to do so. The aim of the study was to understand the r/s characteristics and their influence on Indian and Indonesian physicians' acceptance of TCAM/spirituality in modern healthcare system. An exploratory, pilot, cross-cultural, cross-sectional study, using Religion and Spirituality in Medicine, and Physician Perspectives (RSMPP) survey questionnaire, compared r/s characteristics and perspectives on integrative medicine of 169 physicians from two allopathic, Sweekar-Osmania University (Sweekar-OU), India, University of Airlanga (UNAIR), Indonesia, and a TCAM/Central Research Institute of Unani Medicine (CRIUM) institute from India. More physicians from UNAIR and CRIUM (89.1 %) described themselves as "very"/"moderately" religious, compared to 63.5 % Sweekar-OU (p = 0.0000). Greater number of (84.6 %) UNAIR physicians described themselves as "very" spiritual and also significantly high (p < 0.05) in intrinsic religiosity as compared to Sweekar-OU and TCAM physicians; 38.6 % of UNAIR and 32.6 % of CRIUM participants reported life-changing spiritual experiences in clinical settings as against 19.7 % of Sweekar-OU; 92.3 % of UNAIR, compared to CRIUM (78.3 %) and Sweekar-OU (62 %), felt comfortable attending to patients' spiritual needs, (p = 0.0001). Clinical comfort and not r/s characteristics of participants was the significant (p = 0.05) variable in full regression models, predictive of primary outcome criteria; "TCAM or r/s healing as complementary to allopathic treatment." In conclusion, mainstreaming TCAM into healthcare system may be an initial step toward both integrative medicine and also improving r/s care interventions by allopathic physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ramakrishnan
- Center for Development of Spirituality as Medical Subject, AdhiBhat Foundation India, R-80 Greater, Kailaish, New Delhi, India,
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Senthilnathan P, Srivatsan Gurumurthy S, Gul SI, Sabnis S, Natesan AV, Palanisamy NV, Praveen Raj P, Subbiah R, Ramakrishnan P, Palanivelu C. Long-term results of laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic and periampullary cancer-experience of 130 cases from a tertiary-care center in South India. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2015; 25:295-300. [PMID: 25789541 DOI: 10.1089/lap.2014.0502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD), although an advanced surgical procedure, is being increasingly used for pancreatic head and periampullary tumors. We present our experience of 15 years with the largest series in total LPD for periampullary and pancreatic head tumors with data on oncological outcome and long-term survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS Prospective and retrospective data of patients undergoing LPD from March 1998 to April 2013 were reviewed. Of the 150 cases, 20 cases of LPD (7 cases done for chronic pancreatitis and 13 cases for benign cystic tumors of the pancreas) have been excluded, which leaves us with 130 cases of LPD performed for malignant indications. RESULTS In total, 130 patients were chosen for the study. The male:female ratio was 1:1.6, with a median age of 54 years. We had one conversion to open surgery in our series, the overall postoperative morbidity was 29.7%, and the mortality rate was 1.53%. The pancreatic fistula rate was 8.46%. The mean operating time was 310±34 minutes, and the mean blood loss was 110±22 mL. The mean hospital stay was 8±2.6 days. Resected margins were positive in 9.23% of cases. The mean tumor size was 3.13±1.21 cm, and the mean number of retrieved lymph nodes was 18.15±4.73. The overall 5-year actuarial survival was 29.42%, and the median survival was 33 months. CONCLUSIONS LPD has evolved over a period of two decades and has the potential to become the standard of care for select periampullary and pancreatic head tumors with acceptable oncological outcomes, especially in high-volume centers. Randomized controlled trials are needed to establish the advantages of LPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palanisamy Senthilnathan
- Minimal Access and HPB Surgery, Gem Hospital and Research Centre , Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Ramakrishnan P, Rane A, Dias A, Bhat J, Shukla A, Lakshmi S, Ansari BK, Ramaswamy RS, Reddy RA, Tribulato A, Agarwal AK, SatyaPrasad N, Mushtaq A, Rao PH, Murthy P, Koenig HG. Indian health care professionals' attitude towards spiritual healing and its role in alleviating stigma of psychiatric services. J Relig Health 2014; 53:1800-1814. [PMID: 24430129 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-014-9822-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Persons with mental illnesses in India and rest of developing world continue to consult religious/spiritual (R/S) healers or traditional, complementary and alternative medicine (TCAM) professionals prior to seeking psychiatric services that are devoid of spiritual components of care. We aim to understand TCAM and allopathic professionals' perspectives on patients' R/S needs within mental health services, cross-sectional study was conducted at five TCAM and two allopathic tertiary care hospitals in three different Indian states; 393 participants completed RSMPP, a self-administered, semi-structured survey questionnaire. Perspectives of TCAM and allopathic health professionals on role of spirituality in mental health care were compared. Substantial percentage, 43.7 % TCAM and 41.3 % allopathic, of participants believe that their patients approach R/S or TCAM practitioners for severe mental illness; 91.2 % of TCAM and 69.7 % of allopaths were satisfied with R/S healers (p = 0.0019). Furthermore, 91.1 % TCAM and 73.1 % allopaths (p = 0.000) believe that mental health stigma can be minimized by integrating with spiritual care services. Overall, 87 % of TCAM and 73 % of allopaths agreed to primary criterion variable: 'spiritual healing is beneficial and complementary to psychiatric care.' A quarter of allopaths (24.4 %) and 38 % of TCAM physicians reportedly cross-refer their grieving patients to religious/TCAM healer and psychiatrist/psychologist, respectively; on logistic regression, significant (p < 0.05) predictors were clinical interactions/references to r/s healers. Providing spiritual care within the setup of psychiatric institution will not only complement psychiatric care but also alleviate stigma against mental health services. Implications on developing spiritual care services like clinical chaplaincy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ramakrishnan
- AdiBhat Foundation, R-90, Greater Kailash-I, New Delhi, 110048, India,
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Ramakrishnan P, Dias A, Rane A, Shukla A, Lakshmi S, Ansari BKM, Ramaswamy RS, Reddy AR, Tribulato A, Agarwal AK, Bhat J, SatyaPrasad N, Mushtaq A, Rao PH, Murthy P, Koenig HG. Perspectives of Indian traditional and allopathic professionals on religion/spirituality and its role in medicine: basis for developing an integrative medicine program. J Relig Health 2014; 53:1161-1175. [PMID: 23625126 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-013-9721-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Allopathic medical professionals in developed nations have started to collaborate with traditional, complementary, and alternative medicine (TCAM) to enquire on the role of religion/spirituality (r/s) in patient care. There is scant evidence of such movement in the Indian medical community. We aim to understand the perspectives of Indian TCAM and allopathic professionals on the influence of r/s in health. Using RSMPP (Religion, Spirituality and Medicine, Physician Perspectives) questionnaire, a cross-sectional survey was conducted at seven (five TCAM and two allopathic) pre-selected tertiary care medical institutes in India. Findings of TCAM and allopathic groups were compared. Majority in both groups (75% of TCAM and 84.6% of allopathic practitioners) believed that patients' spiritual focus increases with illness. Up to 58% of TCAM and allopathic respondents report patients receiving support from their religious communities; 87% of TCAM and 73% of allopaths believed spiritual healing to be beneficial and complementary to allopathic medical care. Only 11% of allopaths, as against 40% of TCAM, had reportedly received 'formal' training in r/s. Both TCAM (81.8%) and allopathic (63.7%) professionals agree that spirituality as an academic subject merits inclusion in health education programs (p = 0.0003). Inclusion of spirituality in the health care system is a need for Indian medical professionals as well as their patients, and it could form the basis for integrating TCAM and allopathic medical systems in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ramakrishnan
- AdiBhat Foundation, R-90, Greater Kailash-I, New Delhi, 110048, India,
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Wee LE, Koh GCH, Auyong LS, Cheong A, Myo TT, Lin J, Lim E, Tan S, Sundaramurthy S, Koh CW, Ramakrishnan P, Aariyapillai-Rajagopal R, Vaidynathan-Selvamuthu H, Ma-Ma K. Screening for cardiovascular disease risk factors at baseline and post intervention among adults with intellectual disabilities in an urbanised Asian society. J Intellect Disabil Res 2014; 58:255-268. [PMID: 23279280 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) face significant barriers to screening participation. We determined predictors for regular cardiovascular health screening at baseline among adults with ID in Singapore, and evaluated the effectiveness of a 3-month screening intervention. METHODS The study population involved all adults with ID aged ≥40 years receiving services from the Movement for the Intellectually Disabled of Singapore (MINDS), the largest such provider in Singapore. Over 3 months in 2011, adult clients not screened regularly at baseline for hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia were offered free and convenient blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and lipid testing; data on other cardiovascular disease risk factors were also collected. Chi-square and logistic regression identified predictors of regular screening at baseline. RESULTS Participation was 95.0% (227/239). At baseline, among adults with ID, 61.8% (118/191), 24.8% (52/210) and 18.2% (34/187) had gone for regular hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia screening respectively; post intervention, rates rose to 96.9%, 89.5% and 88.8% respectively. Prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors (22.5% with hypertension, 10.6% with diabetes, 34.8% with dyslipidaemia, 10.7% obese and 90.6% lacking regular exercise) was high compared against the general population. While receiving residential services was associated with regular hypertension screening, receiving non-residential services and being independently mobile were associated with regular participation in fasting blood tests (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Cardiovascular disease risk factors are common among adults with ID and clinicians should proactively screen such populations. Provision of free and convenient screening for cardiovascular disease risk improved screening participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Wee
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore
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Pidigue RS, Chinnusamy P, Jategaonkar PA, Ramakrishnan P, Subbiah R, Palanisamy S, Natesan AVS, Palanivelu PR. Laparoendoscopic approach for refractory Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy stricture in an acute setting: a unique case and technique. Asian J Endosc Surg 2014; 7:67-70. [PMID: 24450348 DOI: 10.1111/ases.12065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Revised: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy stricture is a substantial problem that develops in 10%-30% of patients and requires frequent intervention. Although endoscopic/percutaneous approaches are preferred, especially for refractory stricture, open surgical reconstruction remains the gold standard. However, such an operation may be highly challenging. The recently developed covered, self-expanding metallic stent is a useful option for such difficult cases. We present a case of recurrent Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy stricture complicated by densely packed intrahepatic stones and suppurative cholangitis with failed percutaneous biliary draining. Enteroscopic manipulations were unfeasible, and the case was successfully managed by the laparoendoscopic approach. If treating surgeons have the necessary expertise, this technique may be considered in such difficult scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajan Seshiyer Pidigue
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, GEM Hospital and Postgraduate Institute, Coimbatore, India
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Raghu T, Malhotra SN, Ramakrishnan P. Corrosion behaviour of sintered austenitic stainless steel filters in sulphuric acid solutions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1179/000705988798270992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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McDonald RS, Gupta S, Maclean M, Ramakrishnan P, Anderson JG, MacGregor SJ, Meek RMD, Grant MH, Grant MH. 405 nm Light exposure of osteoblasts and inactivation of bacterial isolates from arthroplasty patients: potential for new disinfection applications? Eur Cell Mater 2013; 25:204-14. [PMID: 23471732 DOI: 10.22203/ecm.v025a15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection rates after arthroplasty surgery are between 1-4 %, rising significantly after revision procedures. To reduce the associated costs of treating these infections, and the patients' post-operative discomfort and trauma, a new preventative method is required. High intensity narrow spectrum (HINS) 405 nm light has bactericidal effects on a wide range of medically important bacteria, and it reduced bacterial bioburden when used as an environmental disinfection method in a Medical Burns Unit. To prove its safety for use for environmental disinfection in orthopaedic theatres during surgery, cultured osteoblasts were exposed to HINS-light of intensities up to 15 mW/cm2 for 1 h (54 J/cm2). Intensities of up to 5 mW/cm2 for 1 h had no effect on cell morphology, activity of alkaline phosphatase, synthesis of collagen or osteocalcin expression, demonstrating that under these conditions this dose is the maximum safe exposure for osteoblasts; after exposure to 15 mW/cm2 all parameters of osteoblast function were significantly decreased. Viability (measured by protein content and Crystal Violet staining) of the osteoblasts was not influenced by exposure to 5 mW/cm2 for at least 2 h. At 5 mW/cm2 HINS-light is an effective bactericide. It killed 98.1 % of Staphylococcus aureus and 83.2 % Staphylococcus epidermis populations seeded on agar surfaces, and is active against both laboratory strains and clinical isolates from infected hip and knee arthroplasties. HINS-light could have potential for development as a method of disinfection to reduce transmission of bacteria during arthroplasty, with wider applications in diverse surgical procedures involving implantation of a medical device.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S McDonald
- University of Strathclyde, Bioengineering Unit, Wolfson Centre, 06 Rottenrow, Glasgow, Strathclyde G4 0NW UK
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Ramakrishnan P, Kahn DA, Baltimore D. Erratum: Anti-apoptotic effect of hyperglycemia can allow survival of potentially autoreactive T cells. Cell Death Differ 2012. [DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2012.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Abraham MK, Viswanath N, Ramakrishnan P, Bindu S, Kedari P, Naaz A, Rahman LOA, Nasir AA, Sharon M, Shivji R, Sasidharan P. Intravesical pressure: A new prognostic indicator in congenital diaphragmatic hernia. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2012; 16:129-31. [PMID: 22121309 PMCID: PMC3221153 DOI: 10.4103/0971-9261.86864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the usefulness of intravesical pressure as a prognostic indicator in congenital diaphragmatic hernia. MATERIAL AND METHODS In 25 cases, bladder pressure was measured intraoperatively during repair. RESULTS Cases were divided into three groups according to the intravesical pressure. Group 1: pressure <10 cm (n.9), Group 2: 10-15 cm (n.11) and Group 3: >15 cm (n.5). Number of ventilated days was tabulated against these groups. Median number of ventilated days for Group 1, with the lowest pressure, was 3 days, while that for Group 2 was 5 and for Group 3, with the highest pressure, was 10 days. This was significant, with a P-value of 0.016. CONCLUSION Measurement of intravesical pressure is a reliable prognostic indicator in newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. It also helps in predicting postoperative ventilatory requirement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan K Abraham
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Neonatology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi, Kerala, India
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Abraham MK, Viswanath N, Bindu S, Kedari P, Ramakrishnan P, Naaz A, Mohan S. A simple and safe technique for trocar positioning in vesicoscopic ureteric reimplantation. Pediatr Surg Int 2011; 27:1223-6. [PMID: 21853299 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-011-2966-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Anchoring of the urinary bladder to the anterior abdominal wall is essential to prevent perivesical gas leak and dislodgement of trocar. Existing techniques have the risk of going through the peritoneal cavity and injuring the bowel. Our aim was to find a safe technique to anchor the bladder wall to the abdominal wall. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nineteen cases were studied prospectively. A curved urethral dilator was introduced and made to point on the anterior abdominal wall. Abdominal wall was incised over the tip of the dilator till the bladder was seen which was then sutured to the anterior abdominal wall. The bladder was then incised and the trocars were railroaded on the dilator into the bladder. Cohen's reimplantation was then done. RESULTS Out of the 19 cases, conversion to open was done in two early cases. In one case, the trocar got pulled out, but was easily reintroduced. Mean operating time was 210 min. Mean follow up was 20.9 months. There was a resolution of reflux in 13, reduction in the grade of reflux in 1 and no failures. In five cases, post op MCU is awaited. CONCLUSION This technique of fixing the bladder to the anterior abdominal wall is safe and easy to perform. It is recommended while doing vesicoscopic reimplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan K Abraham
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India.
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Ramakrishnan P, Kahn DA, Baltimore D. Anti-apoptotic effect of hyperglycemia can allow survival of potentially autoreactive T cells. Cell Death Differ 2011; 18:690-9. [PMID: 21164518 PMCID: PMC3131907 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2010.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2010] [Revised: 11/08/2010] [Accepted: 11/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymocyte development is a tightly controlled multi-step process involving selective elimination of self-reactive and non-functional T cells by apoptosis. This developmental process depends on signaling by Notch, IL-7 and active glucose metabolism. In this study, we explored the requirement of glucose for thymocyte survival and found that in addition to metabolic regulation, glucose leads to the expression of anti-apoptotic genes. Under hyperglycemic conditions, both mouse and human thymocytes demonstrate enhanced survival. We show that glucose-induced anti-apoptotic genes are dependent on NF-κB p65 because high glucose is unable to attenuate normal ongoing apoptosis of thymocytes isolated from p65 knockout mice. Furthermore, we demonstrate that in vivo hyperglycemia decreases apoptosis of thymocytes allowing for survival of potentially self-reactive thymocytes. These results imply that hyperglycemic conditions could contribute to the development of autoimmunity through dysregulated thymic selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ramakrishnan
- Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, 1200 California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - D A Kahn
- Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, 1200 California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of OB/GYN, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, BOX 951740, 22-168 CHS, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1740, USA
| | - D Baltimore
- Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, 1200 California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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Abraham MK, Nasir ARA, Bindu S, Ramakrishnan P, Kedari PM, Unnithan GR, Damisetti KRP. Experience with laparoscopy-assisted retroperitoneal pyeloplasty in children. Pediatr Surg Int 2009; 25:601-5. [PMID: 19517124 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-009-2394-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/26/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe a laparoscopy-assisted retroperitoneal pyeloplasty (LARP) and results of initial experience. METHODS Port placement used by Farhat in retroperitoneal-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty was modified for better cosmetic results. Surgery was done using 2-cm incision for 5-mm camera port and two 3-mm working ports. Dissection was done anterior to the kidney. The ureteropelvic junction was brought out through the 2-cm trocar site and the pyeloplasty was performed extracorporeally. Between January 2004 and February 2008, a total of 39 kidneys in 38 children with mean age of 4.1 months underwent LARP. The operative time, hospital stay, functional outcome and follow-up renogram studies were reviewed. RESULTS The mean operative time was 147 min. 2-cm incision was extended in one patient with malrotated kidney. There was improvement in function in 37 (95%) with no failure. The mean split renal function, preoperative and at follow-up were 35.7 and 44.2%, respectively (P = 0.000). The mean glomerular filtration rate (ml/min), preoperative and at follow-up were 27.4 and 39.1%, respectively (P = 0.000). Mean follow-up period was 24 months. CONCLUSION LARP is safe in treating UPJ obstruction in infants. It is recommended especially in small babies where laparoscopic pyeloplasty is difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan K Abraham
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Lane, Elamakkara P.O., Kochi, India.
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Mukherjee AK, Reddy VS, Shah S, Jhingan AK, Ramakrishnan P, Prusty V, Singh NS. Quality of life as a key indicator of patient satisfaction and treatment compliance in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the IMPROVE study: a multicentre, open label, non-randomised, observational trial. J Indian Med Assoc 2009; 107:464-470. [PMID: 20112854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a debilitating chronic illness having multiple impacts on physical and mental well-being of patients. When treating chronic conditions like diabetes, psychosocial aspects and quality of life (QoL) have to be considered; however, these receive less attention due to various reasons. Patients with diabetic complications have increased levels of depression and decreased QoL This necessitates evaluating QoL of patient which now is used as a primary or secondary end point in clinical trials eg, Diab-MedSat QoL questionnaire used in diabetes. At some point all diabetic patients may require insulin to control hyperglycaemia and disease progression. The traditional insulin syringe and needle delivery system has been the principal barrier in the treatment of diabetes as it was not well accepted among the patients due to various reasons. A success over this approach has been pen like devices like FlexPen and Novopen3 which are becoming more popular than the conventional syringe-and-needles as they have several advantages like, easy to carry, use, maintain and also reduces administrative errors ensuring accurate doses are delivered. The objective of IMPROVE study is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of biphasic insulin aspart (NovoMix 30) in normal clinical practice conditions, in India. This is an open label, non-randomised, non-interventional, observational, safety and effectiveness study in approximately 17,995 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A cohort of Indian patients (n = 349) from all 4 geographical locations (North, West, East and South of India) were administered QoL instrument Diab-MedSat at baseline and 346 patients at final visit (n = 346) to assess their satisfaction with the treatment they received. The results were included in the final statistical analysis as additional outcome variables. The Diab-MedSat Novo Nordisk June 2004 English (UK) version is used. The Diab-MedSat has 21 items that need to be answered and it is scored as an overall score (all 21 items) as well as three subscale scores regarding burden (11 items), symptoms (5 items), efficacy (5 items). The complete analysis took into account all 21 items of Diab-MedSat questionnaire with their subscales. Analyses of the cohort showed higher patient satisfaction among the patients administered Diab-MedSat questionnaire from baseline (n = 349) to final visit (n = 346). The mean of overall score was 52.33 (baseline visit) versus 79.03 (final visit). The difference in the overall score and sub parameters like burden, symptoms and efficacy between the baseline and final visits were statistically significant (p-value < 0.001). The mean value of difference in overall score between the baseline visit and final visit was 26.73 +/- 20.83; while the difference for burden, symptoms and efficacy were respectively 27.86 +/- 20.81, 19.75 +/- 20.94 and 32.87 +/- 28.08. A fairly clear picture emerged that the use of biphasic insulin aspart resulted in improved QoL of the patients substantially. This is demonstrated in the results for all the parameters that were used like symptoms, efficacy and burden. The overall number of extremely satisfied patients had increased from 5.4% in the baseline visit to 91% in the final visit. This unambiguously proves that the satisfaction of patients on biphasic insulin aspart (NovoMix 30) is beyond question.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Pneumatic reduction has a higher success rate and lower incidence of complications compared to barium enema and hydrostatic reductions. What is deterrent to its common use is the cumbersome technique. Our aim is to develop a simple technique that can be used in any hospital with locally available facilities. METHODS An intercostal drainage bottle and an enema can were used to pass air into the rectum at a controlled pressure determined by the height of the enema can. Water running in from the enema can displaces the air in the intercostal drainage bottle into the rectum effecting the reduction of intussusception. RESULTS This system was tried in 12 patients. Successful air delivery was obtained in all cases. In two cases, the intussusception could not be reduced. Laparotomy revealed these to be ileoileal intussusceptions. CONCLUSION The technique described is easy to assemble, safe and effective. We recommend it for regular use in pneumatic reduction of intussusception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan K Abraham
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India.
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Abstract
Milk producers in Malaysia make extensive use of crossbred Sahiwal Friesian dairy cattle. These animals have, however, been found susceptible to lactation failure. A survey of cows in an experimental herd of F1 Sahiwal Friesian animals indicated that, in 30% of animals, milk yield decreased to negligible levels within the first 8 weeks post partum. Lactation failure was associated with a progressive increase in the amount of residual milk left in the udder after normal milking. By week 3 of lactation, residual milk volume was significantly greater than that in animals that, based on previous lactation history were not susceptible to lactation failure, and accounted for up to 30% of milk available at the morning milking. The cellular consequences of residual milk accumulation were evident in the activities of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthetase and galactosyltransferase, key enzyme markers of cellular differentiation, which decreased in glands undergoing lactation failure and were lower than values measured in tissue of control cows. Mammary cell number, estimated by tissue DNA content, was also reduced in animals undergoing lactation failure. These indices of mammary development indicate that lactation failure is the result of premature involution in susceptible animals. Premature involution is a predictable consequence of progressive milk stasis in failing lactation, and attributable to an increase in autocrine feedback by inhibitory milk constituents. The progressive increase in residual milk is, on the other hand, unlikely to be attributable to impaired mammary development. Measurements of milk storage during milk accumulation showed no differences between control and lactation failure cows in the distribution of milk between alveolar and cisternal storage compartments. We conclude that lactation failure in Sahiwal Friesian cows is due to a failure of milk removal, and probably the result of an impaired milk ejection reflex rather than to the glands' milk storage characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Murugaiyah
- Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute, Kuala Lumpur.
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Amarchand S, Rama Mohan T, Ramakrishnan P. A novel chemical solution technique for the preparation of nano size titanium powders from titanium dioxide. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2000. [DOI: 10.1163/156855200750172033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Yang WP, Levesque PC, Little WA, Conder ML, Ramakrishnan P, Neubauer MG, Blanar MA. Functional expression of two KvLQT1-related potassium channels responsible for an inherited idiopathic epilepsy. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:19419-23. [PMID: 9677360 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.31.19419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Benign familial neonatal convulsions (BFNC), a class of idiopathic generalized epilepsy, is an autosomal dominantly inherited disorder of newborns. BFNC has been linked to mutations in two putative K+ channel genes, KCNQ2 and KCNQ3. Amino acid sequence comparison reveals that both genes share strong homology to KvLQT1, the potassium channel encoded by KCNQ1, which is responsible for over 50% of inherited long QT syndrome. Here we describe the cloning, functional expression, and characterization of K+ channels encoded by KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 cDNAs. Individually, expression of KCNQ2 or KCNQ3 in Xenopus oocytes elicits voltage-gated, rapidly activating K+-selective currents similar to KCNQ1. However, unlike KCNQ1, KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 currents are not augmented by coexpression with the KCNQ1 beta subunit, KCNE1 (minK, IsK). Northern blot analyses reveal that KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 exhibit similar expression patterns in different regions within the brain. Interestingly, coexpression of KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 results in a substantial synergistic increase in current amplitude. Coexpression of KCNE1 with the two channels strongly suppressed current amplitude and slowed kinetics of activation. The pharmacological and biophysical properties of the K+ currents observed in the coinjected oocytes differ somewhat from those observed after injecting either KCNQ2 or KCNQ3 by itself. The functional interaction between KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 provides a framework for understanding how mutations in either channel can cause a form of idiopathic generalized epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- W P Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, USA
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Joshi P, Patel R, Krishnan PS, Gadgeel V, Kaushik V, Ramakrishnan P. Powder metallurgical silver–metal oxide electrical contacts by an electroless coating process. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0921-8831(08)60507-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Shanthi VP, Ramakrishnan P. Mechanism of the antioxidant effect of Bordetella pertussis extract. Indian J Biochem Biophys 1994; 31:398-402. [PMID: 7851940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In order to gain insight into the antioxidant effect of the cell extract from Bordetella pertussis (strain 18-323, phase I) pancreatic antioxidant enzymes, glutathione (GSH), lipid conjugated dienes, DNA strand breaks in islet cells and the in vitro ROM scavenging potential of the extract were studied in 18 hr-fasted mice after administration (i.v.) of the extract (1 mg/kg body wt) 1 hr before alloxan treatment. The antioxidant enzymes activities as well as the glutathione content, which were severely depleted in the alloxan group, were found to be significantly restored in the extract treated group at the end of 48 hr. Moreover, the extract arrested the two-fold increase in lipid conjugated dienes, the primary products of lipid peroxidation, and afforded significant protection against DNA strand breakage in islet cells of pancreas in alloxan diabetic mice. In addition, it caused a six-fold increase in serum insulin levels of normal mice in 15 min and also demonstrated an unique in vitro superoxide anion radical scavenging activity at a dose of 37.5 micrograms/ml in 10 min. B. pertussis extract thus appears to exert its antioxidant protection through stimulation of insulin release from pancreas and hitherto unobserved intrinsic superoxide anion radical scavenging ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- V P Shanthi
- Department of Biochemistry, Haffkine Institute, Parel, Bombay
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Shyamala S, Sengupta SR, Ramakrishnan P. Bordetella pertussis extract induces increase in the activities of glycolytic enzymes in mouse liver. Indian J Biochem Biophys 1992; 29:445-7. [PMID: 1289237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The hypoglycemic effect of Bordetella pertussis (Challenge strain No.18323) purified cell extract (protein with traces of carbohydrates, 2 mg%) administered (0.1 mg/100 g body wt. i.v.) into mice on the activities of the key regulatory enzymes, viz. glucokinase, phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase, glyceraldehyde phosphodehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) and lactate dehydrogenase, of glycolytic pathway in liver has been studied at varying intervals after injection. The maximum hypoglycaemic effect was observed at the end of 12 hr, while activities of all the enzymes studied showed significant enhancement after 18 hr, thus suggesting increased glucose utilization towards the formation of pyruvate. Actinomycin D is found to inhibit stimulation of G-6-PD activity in B. pertussis treated animals, thereby indicating the role of B. pertussis in synthesis of this enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shyamala
- Department of Biochemistry, Haffkine Institute, Parel, Bombay
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Kala A, Mitra AG, Ramakrishnan P. Elevation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase levels in alloxan diabetic mice by Bordetella pertussis cell extract. Indian J Biochem Biophys 1988; 25:413-5. [PMID: 3243559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Kishore M, Baxi AJ, Ramakrishnan P. Purification of a protein with hypoglycaemic effect from Bordetella pertussis cell extracts. Indian J Med Res 1986; 83:139-47. [PMID: 2872158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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Srivastava RC, Ramakrishnan P. Network thermodynamic modelling of an active transport system. Indian J Biochem Biophys 1985; 22:193-6. [PMID: 4077095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Gautham N, Ramakrishnan P, Seshadri TP, Viswamitra MA, Salisbury SA, Brown DM. Structure of a thionucleoside: 5'-deoxy-5',6-epithio-5,6-dihydro-2',3'-O-isopropylidene-3-methyluridine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1982. [DOI: 10.1107/s0567740882009704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Ramakrishnan P, Sheth UK. Serum flavin levels and urinary excretion of riboflavin and riboflavin tetrabutyrate--a comparative evaluation. Indian J Med Res 1977; 66:618-26. [PMID: 608729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Morrison P, Ramakrishnan P, Duffy LK, Genaux CT. A comparison of the tryptic peptides of hemoglobin from two cricetine genera: Peromyscus and Calomys. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 1977. [DOI: 10.1016/0305-1978(77)90031-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ramakrishnan P, Barnabas J. Species similarity and variation in haemoglobins. Indian J Biochem 1967; 4:103-6. [PMID: 4233779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Ramakrishnan P, Barnabas J. Comparative structural analysis of vertebrate haemoglobins. Indian J Biochem 1967; 4:106-10. [PMID: 4233780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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