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Phillips TJ, Avigdor A, Gurion R, Patti C, Corradini P, Tani M, Mehta A, Lossos IS, Zinzani PL, Thieblemont C, Jurczak W, Zheng F, Rappold E, Zhao W, Jiang P, Johnson P. A phase 2 study of the PI3Kδ inhibitor parsaclisib in relapsed and refractory marginal zone lymphoma (CITADEL-204). Blood Adv 2024; 8:867-877. [PMID: 38113459 PMCID: PMC10875254 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Parsaclisib, a potent and highly selective PI3Kδ inhibitor, has shown clinical benefit in patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) B-cell lymphomas. The phase 2 CITADEL-204 study (NCT03144674, EudraCT 2017-000970-12) assessed efficacy and safety of parsaclisib in Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor-experienced (cohort 1) or BTK inhibitor-naive (cohort 2) patients with R/R marginal zone lymphoma (MZL). Patients aged ≥18 years with histologically confirmed R/R MZL, treated with ≥1 prior systemic therapy (including ≥1 anti-CD20 antibody) received parsaclisib 20 mg once daily for 8 weeks then 20 mg once weekly (weekly dosing group [WG]) or parsaclisib 20 mg once daily for 8 weeks then 2.5 mg once daily (daily dosing group [DG]); DG was selected for further assessment. Primary end point of the study was objective response rate (ORR). Owing to slower than expected recruitment, cohort 1 was closed with 10 patients (WG, n = 4; DG, n = 6) enrolled. Based on a planned interim analysis in cohort 2, the futility boundary was not crossed, and enrollment continued to study completion. At data cutoff (15 January 2021), 100 patients were enrolled and treated in cohort 2 (WG, n = 28; DG, n = 72). In the DG, the ORR was 58.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 46.1-69.8), with a complete response rate of 4.2% (95% CI, 0.9-11.7); the lower bound of the ORR 95% CI exceeded the protocol-defined threshold of 40%. The median duration of response was 12.2 months (95% CI, 8.1-17.5) and progression-free survival was 16.5 months (95% CI, 11.5-20.6); median overall survival was not reached. The most common treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) among all patients were diarrhea (47.0%), cough (23.0%), and rash (18.0%); the most common grade ≥3 TEAEs included diarrhea (12.0%), neutropenia, and pneumonia (9.0% each). TEAEs led to dose interruptions, reductions, and discontinuations in 56.0%, 16.0%, and 29.0% of all patients, respectively. Durable responses and an overall manageable safety profile were demonstrated in patients with R/R MZL treated with parsaclisib monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abraham Avigdor
- Institute of Hematology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ronit Gurion
- Institute of Hematology, Rabin Medical Center & Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Caterina Patti
- Department of Hematology I, Azienda Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello, Palermo, Italy
| | - Paolo Corradini
- University of Milano Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Tani
- Ospedale di Ravenna, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale della Romagna, Ravenna, Italy
| | | | - Izidore S. Lossos
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Pier Luigi Zinzani
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia “Seràgnoli,” Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Catherine Thieblemont
- Université de Paris; APHP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Hémato-oncologie, Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Wojciech Jurczak
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Kraków, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | - Peter Johnson
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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Johnson P. Response to GRAIL-Galleri: why the special treatment? Lancet 2024; 403:432-433. [PMID: 38253054 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)02829-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
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Johnson P, Cabacungan E, Yan K, Dasgupta M, Broad J, Kemp M, Ryan K. The Burden of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome, Opioids, and COVID-19 in Wisconsin. WMJ 2023; 122:456-463. [PMID: 38180945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Wisconsin experienced overlapping and accelerating epidemics of opioid use and COVID-19 after March 2020. We hypothesized that Wisconsin neonatal abstinence syndrome rates increased after March 2020 alongside other markers of opioid burden. METHODS Retrospective cohort analysis examined deidentified Wisconsin census, birth certificate, death certificate, hospital discharge, Prescription Drug Monitoring Program, emergency medical service run, and COVID-19 diagnosis records spanning January 1, 2019, through December 31, 2021. January 2019 through March 2020 was considered before the onset of COVID-19 (pre); April 2020 through December 2021 was considered post-onset of COVID-19 (post). Wisconsin Department of Health Services guidelines defined 5 Wisconsin regions. Rates pre- to post-onset were compared with P values < 0.05 considered statistically significant. RESULTS Of 1362 patients, 83.3% completed a COVID-19 vaccination series. Younger patients had increased odds of not completing a COVID-19 vaccination series (mean [SD] 46.7 [14.7] vs 54.3 [15.8]; OR 1.03; 95% CI, 1.02-1.04; P < 0.001). Those who identified as non-White (1.88; 95% CI, 1.16-3.04; P = 0.010) or current smoker (1.85, 95% CI, 1.85-2.79; P = 0.004) had increased odds of not completing a COVID-19 vaccination series. Those who resided in rural ZIP codes (1.81; 95% CI, 1.35-2.43; P < 0.001), had not received a 2019-2020 influenza vaccine (5.13; 95% CI, 3.79-6.96; P < 0.001), or had lower comorbidity scores (2.95; 95% CI, 1.98-4.41; P < 0.001) had higher odds of not completing a COVID-19 vaccination series. CONCLUSIONS Opioid-associated morbidity and mortality increased in Wisconsin during the study period, including among females age 15 to 44 years. Despite increased opioid burden, neonatal abstinence syndrome incidence decreased in the Southeastern Region. Ongoing neonatal abstinence syndrome and opioid analysis may benefit from region-based contextualization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erwin Cabacungan
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Ke Yan
- Quantititive Health Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Mahua Dasgupta
- Quantititive Health Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Jennifer Broad
- Wisconsin Department of Health Services, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Madeline Kemp
- Wisconsin Department of Health Services, Madison, Wisconsin
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/CSTE Applied Epidemiology Fellowship Program, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Kelsey Ryan
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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Xu D, Bourdakos KN, Crisford A, Johnson P, Abughazaleh I, Srisamran P, Oreffo ROC, Mahajan S, Richardson DJ, Xu L. All-fiberized 1840-nm femtosecond thulium fiber laser for label-free nonlinear microscopy. Biomed Opt Express 2023; 14:4520-4530. [PMID: 37791276 PMCID: PMC10545209 DOI: 10.1364/boe.495879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
We report an all-fiberized 1840-nm thulium-fiber-laser source, comprising a dissipative-soliton mode-locked seed laser and a chirped-pulse-amplification system for label-free biological imaging through nonlinear microscopy. The mode-locked thulium fiber laser generated dissipative-soliton pulses with a pre-chirped duration of 7 ps and pulse energy of 1 nJ. A chirped-pulse fiber-amplification system employing an in-house-fabricated, short-length, single-mode, high-absorption, thulium fiber delivered pulses with energies up to 105 nJ. The pulses were capable of being compressed to 416 fs by passing through a grating pair. Imaging of mouse tissue and human bone samples was demonstrated using this source via third-harmonic generation microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duanyang Xu
- Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Konstantinos N. Bourdakos
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Anna Crisford
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Peter Johnson
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
- Human Development Health, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Ibrahim Abughazaleh
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Panuwat Srisamran
- Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Richard O. C. Oreffo
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
- Human Development Health, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Sumeet Mahajan
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - David J. Richardson
- Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Lin Xu
- Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
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Warren N, Gresh A, Mkhonta NR, Kazembe A, Engelbrecht S, Feraud J, Patel K, Adandogou-d'Almeida H, Marole P, Reynolds N, Johnson P. Pre-service midwifery education in sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review. Nurse Educ Pract 2023; 71:103678. [PMID: 37413740 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In response to a global call for more midwives, maternal health stakeholders have called for increased investment in midwifery pre-service education. Given the already long list of challenges and the increasing burden on health care systems due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the need to prioritize investment is acute, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. An important first step is to examine the current evidence. METHODS We conducted a scoping review of the peer-reviewed literature about pre-service midwifery education in sub-Saharan Africa. A search of studies published between 2015 and 2021 in French or English was conducted using six databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and African Index Medicus). RESULTS The search yielded 3061 citations, of which 72 were included. Most were a mix of qualitative and quantitative cross-sectional, country-specific studies. Organized by pre-service educational domain, the literature reflected a misalignment between international standards for midwifery education and what schools and clinical sites and the larger administrative systems where they operate, reliably provide. Inadequate infrastructure, teaching capacity in school and clinical settings and clinical site environment were factors that commonly impede learning. Literature related to faculty development and deployment were limited. CONCLUSION Schools, faculty and clinical sites are overwhelmed yet recommendations by key stakeholders for change are substantive and complex. Efforts are needed to help schools map their current status by pre-service education domain and prioritize where scarce resources should be directed. These results can inform research and investments in pre-service midwifery education in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Warren
- Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, 525 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Ashley Gresh
- Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, 525 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | | | - Abigail Kazembe
- African Forum for Research and Education in Health, PMB, University Post Office, KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana.
| | | | - Jenna Feraud
- Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, 525 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Kalin Patel
- Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, 525 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Heloise Adandogou-d'Almeida
- La Fédération des Associations des Sages-Femmes d'Afrique Francophone (FASFAF), 229 Rue Sagouda Tokoin Wuiti, Lome, Togo.
| | - Phelelo Marole
- Jhpiego, Plot 155, Unit 4 Kgale Mews, Baborone International Financial Park, Baorone, Botswana.
| | - Nancy Reynolds
- Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, 525 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Peter Johnson
- Jhpiego, 1615 Thames Street, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
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Starkey T, Ionescu MC, Tilby M, Little M, Burke E, Fittall MW, Khan S, Liu JKH, Platt JR, Mew R, Tripathy AR, Watts I, Williams ST, Appanna N, Al-Hajji Y, Barnard M, Benny L, Burnett A, Bytyci J, Cattell EL, Cheng V, Clark JJ, Eastlake L, Gerrand K, Ghafoor Q, Grumett S, Harper-Wynne C, Kahn R, Lee AJX, Lomas O, Lydon A, Mckenzie H, Panneerselvam H, Pascoe JS, Patel G, Patel V, Potter VA, Randle A, Rigg AS, Robinson TM, Roylance R, Roques TW, Rozmanowski S, Roux RL, Shah K, Sheehan R, Sintler M, Swarup S, Taylor H, Tillett T, Tuthill M, Williams S, Ying Y, Beggs A, Iveson T, Lee SM, Middleton G, Middleton M, Protheroe A, Fowler T, Johnson P, Lee LYW. A population-scale temporal case-control evaluation of COVID-19 disease phenotype and related outcome rates in patients with cancer in England (UKCCP). Sci Rep 2023; 13:11327. [PMID: 37491478 PMCID: PMC10368624 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36990-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with cancer are at increased risk of hospitalisation and mortality following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. However, the SARS-CoV-2 phenotype evolution in patients with cancer since 2020 has not previously been described. We therefore evaluated SARS-CoV-2 on a UK populationscale from 01/11/2020-31/08/2022, assessing case-outcome rates of hospital assessment(s), intensive care admission and mortality. We observed that the SARS-CoV-2 disease phenotype has become less severe in patients with cancer and the non-cancer population. Case-hospitalisation rates for patients with cancer dropped from 30.58% in early 2021 to 7.45% in 2022 while case-mortality rates decreased from 20.53% to 3.25%. However, the risk of hospitalisation and mortality remains 2.10x and 2.54x higher in patients with cancer, respectively. Overall, the SARS-CoV-2 disease phenotype is less severe in 2022 compared to 2020 but patients with cancer remain at higher risk than the non-cancer population. Patients with cancer must therefore be empowered to live more normal lives, to see loved ones and families, while also being safeguarded with expanded measures to reduce the risk of transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Starkey
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Michael Tilby
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Emma Burke
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Sam Khan
- University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | - James R Platt
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, Leeds, UK
| | - Rosie Mew
- Torbay and South Devon NHS Foundation Trust, Torquay, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Youssra Al-Hajji
- Birmingham Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | | | | | - Jola Bytyci
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Qamar Ghafoor
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Simon Grumett
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | | | | | - Oliver Lomas
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Anna Lydon
- Torbay and South Devon NHS Foundation Trust, Torquay, UK
| | - Hayley Mckenzie
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Jennifer S Pascoe
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | | | - Vanessa A Potter
- University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | | | - Anne S Rigg
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Rebecca Roylance
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Tom W Roques
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK
| | | | - René L Roux
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Ketan Shah
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Remarez Sheehan
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Martin Sintler
- Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | | | | | - Mark Tuthill
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah Williams
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Yuxin Ying
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew Beggs
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Tim Iveson
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Siow Ming Lee
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Gary Middleton
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mark Middleton
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew Protheroe
- Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Tom Fowler
- UK Health Security Agency, London, UK
- William Harvey Research Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Lennard Y W Lee
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Pell R, Suvarna SK, Cooper N, Rutty G, Green A, Osborn M, Johnson P, Hayward A, Durno J, Estrin-Serlui T, Mafham M, Roberts ISD. Coronial postmortem reports and indirect COVID-19 pandemic-related mortality. J Clin Pathol 2023; 76:457-462. [PMID: 35039447 PMCID: PMC8783968 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2021-208003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Widespread disruption of healthcare services and excess mortality not directly attributed to COVID-19 occurred between March and May 2020. We undertook the first UK multicentre study of coroners' autopsies before and during this period using postmortem reports. METHODS We reviewed reports of non-forensic coroners' autopsies performed during the first COVID-19 lockdown (23 March to 8 May 2020), and the same period in 2018. Deaths were categorised as natural non-COVID-19, COVID-19-related, non-natural (suicide, drug and alcohol-related, traumatic, other). We provided opinion regarding whether delayed access to medical care or changes in behaviour due to lockdown were a potential factor in deaths. RESULTS Seven centres covering nine coronial jurisdictions submitted a total of 1100 coroners' autopsies (498 in 2018, 602 in 2020). In only 54 autopsies was death attributed to COVID-19 (9%). We identified a significant increase in cases where delays in accessing medical care potentially contributed to death (10 in 2018, 44 in 2020). Lockdown was a contributing factor in a proportion of suicides (24%) and drug and alcohol-related deaths (12%). CONCLUSIONS Postmortem reports have considerable utility in evaluating excess mortality due to healthcare and wider societal disruption during a pandemic. They provide information at an individual case level that is not available from assessment of death certification data. Detailed evaluation of coroners' autopsy reports, supported by appropriate regulatory oversight, is recommended to mitigate disruption and indirect causes of mortality in future pandemics. Maintaining access to healthcare, including substance misuse and mental health services, is an important consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Pell
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - S Kim Suvarna
- Department of Histopathology, Northern General Hospital, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Nigel Cooper
- School of Medical Education, Newcastle University School of Clinical Medical Sciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Guy Rutty
- East Midlands Forensic Pathology Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Anna Green
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Michael Osborn
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Peter Johnson
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, High Wycombe, UK
| | - Alison Hayward
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Milton Keynes University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Milton Keynes, UK
| | - Justine Durno
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Marion Mafham
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ian S D Roberts
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
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Kaushik K, Krishna K, Johnson P, Gupta PSP, Nandi S, Mondal SS, Suganthi RU, Nikhil Kumar Tej J. Effect of α-Tocopherol in the vitrification medium on the viability, lipid peroxidation, expression of key developmental, apoptotic and stress-related genes in ovine secondary follicles. Reprod Domest Anim 2023. [PMID: 37086264 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of α-tocopherol on viability, lipid peroxidation, and the expression of apoptosis, stress, and development related genes in the vitrified sheep secondary follicles. Ovarian secondary follicles (200-300 μm) were isolated and distributed separately to the vitrification treatment and supplemented with 5 mM, 10 mM, 20 mM and 30 mM of α-tocopherol (while the control fresh group was without vitrification and supplementation of α-tocopherol). After a week, the follicles were thawed and evaluated for follicular viability by trypan blue dye exclusion method, lipid peroxidation and gene expression studies. The results showed that the vitrification with 10 and 20 mM of α-tocopherol positively affected (P<0.05) the viability of vitrified follicles in comparison with vitrified ones without α-tocopherol but the higher concentration of α-tocopherol, i.e., 30 mM negatively affected the viability (P<0.05) in comparison with the 10 and 20 mM of α-tocopherol groups. The malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the vitrified without α-tocopherol group in comparison to the vitrified with 20 mM of α-tocopherol group. The expression of apoptotic-related gene, BCL2L1 was significantly higher in 10 mM α-tocopherol group compared to the control fresh and CASPASE 3, 9 expressions were significantly higher in the vitrified group when compared to the vitrified with 10 mM α-tocopherol group. Expressions of BAX, BAD, BAK, BMP-15 and GDF-9 showed no significant difference among the groups. The mRNA expression of SOD1 was significantly higher in the vitrified without α-tocopherol group when compared to other groups. We conclude that the supplementation of 10 and 20 mM α-tocopherol in vitrification solution was the efficient vitrification procedure for the vitrification of ovine secondary follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Kaushik
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Jain University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Kavya Krishna
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - P Johnson
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - P S P Gupta
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - S Nandi
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - S S Mondal
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - R U Suganthi
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - J Nikhil Kumar Tej
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Rodday AM, Parsons SK, Upshaw JN, Friedberg JW, Gallamini A, Hawkes E, Hodgson D, Johnson P, Link BK, Mou E, Savage KJ, Zinzani PL, Maurer M, Evens AM. The Advanced-Stage Hodgkin Lymphoma International Prognostic Index: Development and Validation of a Clinical Prediction Model From the HoLISTIC Consortium. J Clin Oncol 2023; 41:2076-2086. [PMID: 36495588 PMCID: PMC10082254 DOI: 10.1200/jco.22.02473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The International Prognostic Score (IPS) has been used in classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) for 25 years. However, analyses have documented suboptimal performance of the IPS among contemporarily treated patients. Harnessing multisource individual patient data from the Hodgkin Lymphoma International Study for Individual Care consortium, we developed and validated a modern clinical prediction model. METHODS Model development via Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis guidelines was performed on 4,022 patients with newly diagnosed advanced-stage adult cHL from eight international phase III clinical trials, conducted from 1996 to 2014. External validation was performed on 1,431 contemporaneously treated patients from four real-world cHL registries. To consider association over a full range of continuous variables, we evaluated piecewise linear splines for potential nonlinear relationships. Five-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS The median age in the development cohort was 33 (18-65) years; nodular sclerosis was the most common histology. Kaplan-Meier estimators were 0.77 for 5-year PFS and 0.92 for 5-year OS. Significant predictor variables included age, sex, stage, bulk, absolute lymphocyte count, hemoglobin, and albumin, with slight variation for PFS versus OS. Moreover, age and absolute lymphocyte count yielded nonlinear relationships with outcomes. Optimism-corrected c-statistics in the development model for 5-year PFS and OS were 0.590 and 0.720, respectively. There was good discrimination and calibration in external validation and consistent performance in internal-external validation. Compared with the IPS, there was superior discrimination for OS and enhanced calibration for PFS and OS. CONCLUSION We rigorously developed and externally validated a clinical prediction model in > 5,000 patients with advanced-stage cHL. Furthermore, we identified several novel nonlinear relationships and improved the prediction of patient outcomes. An online calculator was created for individualized point-of-care use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angie Mae Rodday
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Susan K. Parsons
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Jenica N. Upshaw
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
- The CardioVascular Center and Advanced Heart Failure Program, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Jonathan W. Friedberg
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Andrea Gallamini
- Research and Clinical Innovation Department, Antoine Lacassagne Cancer Center, Nice, France
| | - Eliza Hawkes
- Australasian Lymphoma and Related Diseases Registry, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David Hodgson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Johnson
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Brian K. Link
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Eric Mou
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Kerry J. Savage
- Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Pier Luigi Zinzani
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia “Seragnoli” Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica Sperimentale Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matthew Maurer
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Andrew M. Evens
- Division of Blood Disorders, Rutgers Cancer Institute New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ
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10
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Bewicke-Copley F, Korfi K, Araf S, Hodkinson B, Kumar E, Cummin T, Ashton-Key M, Barrans S, van Hoppe S, Burton C, Elshiekh M, Rule S, Crosbie N, Clear A, Calaminici M, Runge H, Hills RK, Scott DW, Rimsza LM, Menon G, Sha C, Davies JR, Nagano A, Davies A, Painter D, Smith A, Gribben J, Naresh KN, Westhead DR, Okosun J, Steele A, Hodson DJ, Balasubramanian S, Johnson P, Wang J, Fitzgibbon J. Longitudinal expression profiling identifies a poor risk subset of patients with ABC-type diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Blood Adv 2023; 7:845-855. [PMID: 35947123 PMCID: PMC9986713 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022007536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the effectiveness of immuno-chemotherapy, 40% of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) experience relapse or refractory disease. Longitudinal studies have previously focused on the mutational landscape of relapse but fell short of providing a consistent relapse-specific genetic signature. In our study, we have focused attention on the changes in GEP accompanying DLBCL relapse using archival paired diagnostic/relapse specimens from 38 de novo patients with DLBCL. COO remained stable from diagnosis to relapse in 80% of patients, with only a single patient showing COO switching from activated B-cell-like (ABC) to germinal center B-cell-like (GCB). Analysis of the transcriptomic changes that occur following relapse suggest ABC and GCB relapses are mediated via different mechanisms. We developed a 30-gene discriminator for ABC-DLBCLs derived from relapse-associated genes that defined clinically distinct high- and low-risk subgroups in ABC-DLBCLs at diagnosis in datasets comprising both population-based and clinical trial cohorts. This signature also identified a population of <60-year-old patients with superior PFS and OS treated with ibrutinib-R-CHOP as part of the PHOENIX trial. Altogether this new signature adds to the existing toolkit of putative genetic predictors now available in DLBCL that can be readily assessed as part of prospective clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Findlay Bewicke-Copley
- Centre for Cancer Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University, London, UK
| | - Koorosh Korfi
- Centre for Cancer Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University, London, UK
| | - Shamzah Araf
- Centre for Cancer Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University, London, UK
| | - Brendan Hodkinson
- Oncology Translational Research, Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, PA
| | - Emil Kumar
- Centre for Cancer Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University, London, UK
| | - Thomas Cummin
- Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Margaret Ashton-Key
- Cellular Pathology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Sharon Barrans
- Haematological Malignancy Diagnostic Service, St. James’s Institute of Oncology, Leeds, UK
| | - Suzan van Hoppe
- Haematological Malignancy Diagnostic Service, St. James’s Institute of Oncology, Leeds, UK
| | - Cathy Burton
- Haematological Malignancy Diagnostic Service, St. James’s Institute of Oncology, Leeds, UK
| | - Mohamed Elshiekh
- Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Imperial College NHS Trust & Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Simon Rule
- Department of Haematology, Derriford Hospital, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Nicola Crosbie
- Department of Haematology, University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust, Plymouth, UK
| | - Andrew Clear
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University, London, UK
| | - Maria Calaminici
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University, London, UK
| | - Hendrik Runge
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Robert K. Hills
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David W. Scott
- BC Cancer Centre for Lymphoid Cancer and Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Lisa M. Rimsza
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix AZ
| | - Geetha Menon
- Haemato-Oncology Diagnostic Service, Liverpool Clinical Laboratories, Liverpool, UK
| | - Chulin Sha
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - John R. Davies
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Ai Nagano
- Centre for Cancer Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University, London, UK
| | - Andrew Davies
- Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Daniel Painter
- Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Alexandra Smith
- Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - John Gribben
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University, London, UK
| | - Kikkeri N. Naresh
- Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Imperial College NHS Trust & Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - David R. Westhead
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Jessica Okosun
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University, London, UK
| | - Andrew Steele
- Oncology Translational Research, Janssen Research & Development, San Diego, CA
| | - Daniel J. Hodson
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Peter Johnson
- Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Jun Wang
- Centre for Cancer Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University, London, UK
| | - Jude Fitzgibbon
- Centre for Cancer Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University, London, UK
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11
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Bickford DD, Johnson P, Brahmbhatt N, Kroft S. Cervical Syphilitic Lymphadenitis in a 29-Year-Old Female: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e36065. [PMID: 37056520 PMCID: PMC10092898 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.36065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical lymphadenopathy is a common condition characterized by the enlargement of lymph nodes. It can have various causes, including infections, inflammatory conditions, and neoplastic processes. Syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease that progresses through multiple stages, can also be a rare cause of cervical lymphadenopathy, particularly in HIV-positive individuals. In this case report, we describe a patient presenting with throat pain, systemic symptoms, and cervical lymphadenopathy, initially clinically suggestive of lymphoma but ultimately determined to be caused by syphilis of unknown duration. This case highlights the importance of considering syphilis in the differential diagnosis of cervical lymphadenitis, particularly in patients with risk factors, such as intravenous drug use and HIV infection, and the need for a thorough evaluation of the patient's social and medical histories to diagnose and treat the condition accurately.
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12
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Nicholas B, Bailey A, McCann KJ, Wood O, Walker RC, Parker R, Ternette N, Elliott T, Underwood TJ, Johnson P, Skipp P. Identification of neoantigens in oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Immunology 2023; 168:420-431. [PMID: 36111495 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) has a relatively poor long-term survival and limited treatment options. Promising targets for immunotherapy are short peptide neoantigens containing tumour mutations, presented to cytotoxic T-cells by human leucocyte antigen (HLA) molecules. Despite an association between putative neoantigen abundance and therapeutic response across cancers, immunogenic neoantigens are challenging to identify. Here we characterized the mutational and immunopeptidomic landscapes of tumours from a cohort of seven patients with OAC. We directly identified one HLA-I presented neoantigen from one patient, and report functional T-cell responses from a predicted HLA-II neoantigen in a second patient. The predicted class II neoantigen contains both HLA I and II binding motifs. Our exploratory observations are consistent with previous neoantigen studies in finding that neoantigens are rarely directly observed, and an identification success rate following prediction in the order of 10%. However, our identified putative neoantigen is capable of eliciting strong T-cell responses, emphasizing the need for improved strategies for neoantigen identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Nicholas
- Centre for Proteomic Research, Biological Sciences and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
- Centre for Cancer Immunology and Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
| | - Alistair Bailey
- Centre for Proteomic Research, Biological Sciences and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
- Centre for Cancer Immunology and Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
| | - Katy J McCann
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
| | - Oliver Wood
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
| | - Robert C Walker
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
| | - Robert Parker
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicola Ternette
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tim Elliott
- Centre for Cancer Immunology and Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
- Centre for Immuno-oncology, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Tim J Underwood
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
| | - Peter Johnson
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
| | - Paul Skipp
- Centre for Proteomic Research, Biological Sciences and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
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13
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Ramchandren R, Johnson P, Ghosh N, Ruan J, Ardeshna KM, Johnson R, Verhoef G, Cunningham D, de Vos S, Kassam S, Fayad L, Radford J, Bailly S, Offner F, Morgan D, Munoz J, Ping J, Szafer-Glusman E, Eckert K, Neuenburg JK, Goy A. The iR 2 regimen (ibrutinib plus lenalidomide and rituximab) for relapsed/refractory DLBCL: A multicentre, non-randomised, open-label phase 2 study. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 56:101779. [PMID: 36618900 PMCID: PMC9813677 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This phase 1b/2 PCYC-1123-CA study evaluated efficacy and safety of the combination of ibrutinib, lenalidomide, and rituximab (iR2 regimen) in patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) ineligible for stem cell transplantation. METHODS In phase 2, patients with relapsed/refractory non-germinal centre B-cell-like DLBCL received oral ibrutinib 560 mg once daily and oral lenalidomide 20 mg or 25 mg once daily on Days 1-21 of each 28-day cycle until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity and intravenous rituximab 375 mg/m2 on Day 1 of Cycles 1-6. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR) in the response-evaluable population (received any study treatment and had ≥1 post-baseline disease assessment). The study was done at 24 academic and community hospitals in Belgium, Germany, United Kingdom, and USA. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02077166. FINDINGS Between March 13, 2014 and October 2, 2018, 89 patients were enrolled with a median time on study of 35.0 months. Best ORR in the response-evaluable population (n = 85) was 49% (95% confidence interval [CI], 38-61) across dose cohorts and 53% (95% CI, 39-67) and 44% (95% CI, 26-62) in the 20 mg and 25 mg lenalidomide cohorts, respectively, with complete responses in 24/85 (28%), 17/53 (32%), and 7/32 (22%) patients, respectively. Grade 3/4 adverse events (AEs) occurred in 81/89 patients (91%), most frequently neutropenia (36/89; 40%), maculopapular rash (16/89; 18%), anaemia (12/89; 13%), and diarrhoea (9/89; 10%). Serious adverse events occurred in 57/89 patients (64%). Fatal AEs occurred in 12/89 patients (13%); causes of death were worsening of DLBCL (n = 7), pneumonia (n = 3), sepsis (n = 1), and cardiac arrest (n = 1). INTERPRETATION The most frequent AEs (diarrhoea, neutropenia, fatigue, cough, anaemia, peripheral oedema, and maculopapular rash) were consistent with known safety profiles of the individual drugs. The iR2 regimen demonstrated antitumour activity with durable responses in patients with relapsed/refractory DLBCL. FUNDING Pharmacyclics LLC, an AbbVie Company.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhakrishnan Ramchandren
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Knoxville, TN, USA
- Corresponding author. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 1926 Alcoa Highway, Building F, Suite 410, Knoxville, TN 37920, USA.
| | - Peter Johnson
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Centre, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Nilanjan Ghosh
- Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Jia Ruan
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kirit M. Ardeshna
- University College London/UCL Hospitals, Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Roderick Johnson
- Leeds Cancer Centre at St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Gregor Verhoef
- Department of Haematology, UZ Leuven – Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - David Cunningham
- Gastrointestinal and Lymphoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust – Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sven de Vos
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shireen Kassam
- Haematology Department, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Luis Fayad
- Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John Radford
- Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester and the Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Sarah Bailly
- Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fritz Offner
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Gent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - David Morgan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Javier Munoz
- Department of Hematology, Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center, Gilbert, AZ, USA
| | - Jerry Ping
- Pharmacyclics LLC, an AbbVie Company, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Karl Eckert
- Pharmacyclics LLC, an AbbVie Company, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Andre Goy
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, John Theurer Cancer Center at Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
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14
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He AR, Chung FL, Aggarwal M, Zhu Z, Gould S, Zhang K, Kuo M, Johnson P, Beheshtian S, Kuhlman L, Zhao Z, Fang H, Kallakury B, Creswell K, Kroemer A. Detection of DNA adduct γ-OHPdG in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and its use as a prognostic biomarker in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). J Clin Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2023.41.4_suppl.594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
594 Background: A blood-based biomarker to predict the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and its recurrence is needed. Previously, we showed that γ-OHPdG, a mutagenic DNA adduct formed by lipid peroxidation, in liver biopsies from HCC patients, as detected by IHC, is inversely associated with overall survival (p<0.0001) and recurrence-free survival (p<0.007) after surgical resection. This finding suggests that γ-OHPdG may serve as a prognostic biomarker of HCC and its recurrence. A non-invasive method to detect γ-OHPdG is needed. Liquid biopsy is preferred over tissue biopsy because it is non-invasive, allows repeated sampling, lower risk to patient, and lower medical care cost. We developed a non-invasive method for detecting and quantifying γ-OHPdG using CTCs from HCC patient. Methods: The method involved following steps. First, CTCs from blood samples were isolated using a RosetteSep CD45 Depletion Cocktail and Ficoll Paque-based method. Isolated cells were identified as liver CTCs using asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 (ASGPR1), a cell surface protein expressed solely on the surface of hepatic cells, and γ-OHPdG by immunocytochemistry. The percentage of ASGPR1 and γ-OHPdG-positive stained CTCs and γ-OHPdG staining intensity was quantified using Metamorph software. The staining intensities in livers CTCs will be compared with that found in liver biopsies by IHC. Results: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of testing -γ-OHPdG level in circulating tumor cells using an-anti γ-OHPdG antibody, we showed that the proportion of γ-OHPdG-positively stained cells and staining intensity increased in HepG2 liver cancer cells upon acrolein treatment at increasing concentration. Furthermore, when the HepG2 was used to spike blood of healthy volunteers’, the recovery rate of γ-OHPdG positivity was > 50-60%. CTCs from 32 HCC patients, detected at a positivity rate of ~97%, were tested for γ-OHPdG levels using the method developed in this project. The clinical factors including demographics, risk factors, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), HCC size, multifocality, vascular invasion, extrahepatic metastasis have been correlated with the levels of γ-OHPdG in CTCs. Conclusions: The CTC method developed for detecting and quantifying γ-OHPdG warrant validations as a prognostic biomarker for predicting HCC risk and recurrence in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiwu Ruth He
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mark Kuo
- Georgetown University, Washington, DC
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15
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Lee LYW, Tilby M, Starkey T, Ionescu MC, Burnett A, Hattersley R, Khan S, Little M, Liu JKH, Platt JR, Tripathy A, Watts I, Williams ST, Appanna N, Al-Hajji Y, Barnard M, Benny L, Buckley A, Cattell E, Cheng V, Clark J, Eastlake L, Gerrand K, Ghafoor Q, Grumett S, Harper-Wynne C, Kahn R, Lee AJX, Lydon A, McKenzie H, Panneerselvam H, Pascoe J, Patel G, Patel V, Potter V, Randle A, Rigg AS, Robinson T, Roylance R, Roques T, Rozmanowski S, Roux RL, Shah K, Sintler M, Taylor H, Tillett T, Tuthill M, Williams S, Beggs A, Iveson T, Lee SM, Middleton G, Middleton M, Protheroe AS, Fittall MW, Fowler T, Johnson P. Association of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Antibody Vaccine Response With Infection Severity in Patients With Cancer: A National COVID Cancer Cross-sectional Evaluation. JAMA Oncol 2023; 9:188-196. [PMID: 36547970 PMCID: PMC9936347 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2022.5974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Importance Accurate identification of patient groups with the lowest level of protection following COVID-19 vaccination is important to better target resources and interventions for the most vulnerable populations. It is not known whether SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing has clinical utility for high-risk groups, such as people with cancer. Objective To evaluate whether spike protein antibody vaccine response (COV-S) following COVID-19 vaccination is associated with the risk of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection or hospitalization among patients with cancer. Design, Setting, and Participants This was a population-based cross-sectional study of patients with cancer from the UK as part of the National COVID Cancer Antibody Survey. Adults with a known or reported cancer diagnosis who had completed their primary SARS-CoV-2 vaccination schedule were included. This analysis ran from September 1, 2021, to March 4, 2022, a period covering the expansion of the UK's third-dose vaccination booster program. Interventions Anti-SARS-CoV-2 COV-S antibody test (Elecsys; Roche). Main Outcomes and Measures Odds of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection and COVID-19 hospitalization. Results The evaluation comprised 4249 antibody test results from 3555 patients with cancer and 294 230 test results from 225 272 individuals in the noncancer population. The overall cohort of 228 827 individuals (patients with cancer and the noncancer population) comprised 298 479 antibody tests. The median age of the cohort was in the age band of 40 and 49 years and included 182 741 test results (61.22%) from women and 115 737 (38.78%) from men. There were 279 721 tests (93.72%) taken by individuals identifying as White or White British. Patients with cancer were more likely to have undetectable anti-S antibody responses than the general population (199 of 4249 test results [4.68%] vs 376 of 294 230 [0.13%]; P < .001). Patients with leukemia or lymphoma had the lowest antibody titers. In the cancer cohort, following multivariable correction, patients who had an undetectable antibody response were at much greater risk for SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection (odds ratio [OR], 3.05; 95% CI, 1.96-4.72; P < .001) and SARS-CoV-2-related hospitalization (OR, 6.48; 95% CI, 3.31-12.67; P < .001) than individuals who had a positive antibody response. Conclusions and Relevance The findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that COV-S antibody testing allows the identification of patients with cancer who have the lowest level of antibody-derived protection from COVID-19. This study supports larger evaluations of SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing. Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 transmission to patients with cancer should be prioritized to minimize impact on cancer treatments and maximize quality of life for individuals with cancer during the ongoing pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennard Y. W. Lee
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Tilby
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Starkey
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Alex Burnett
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Rosie Hattersley
- Torbay and South Devon NHS Foundation Trust, Torquay, United Kingdom
| | - Sam Khan
- University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Little
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - James R. Platt
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James’s, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Arvind Tripathy
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Youssra Al-Hajji
- Birmingham Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Liza Benny
- UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Vinton Cheng
- University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom
| | - James Clark
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Kate Gerrand
- UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom
| | - Qamar Ghafoor
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Grumett
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Anna Lydon
- Torbay and South Devon NHS Trust, Torquay, United Kingdom
| | - Hayley McKenzie
- University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jennifer Pascoe
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Vanessa Potter
- University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | | | - Anne S. Rigg
- Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Rebecca Roylance
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Roques
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norfolk, United Kingdom
| | | | - René L. Roux
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ketan Shah
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Sintler
- Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Harriet Taylor
- Oxford Medical School, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mark Tuthill
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Williams
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Beggs
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Iveson
- Department of Oncology, Southampton University Hospitals, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Siow Ming Lee
- UCLH/CRUK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gary Middleton
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Middleton
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew S. Protheroe
- Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | | | - Tom Fowler
- William Harvey Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
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16
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Cerone MA, Mills TC, Sharpe R, McBride D, MacDonald M, MacMahon S, Mugalaasi H, Rehal P, Rettino A, Roberts H, Ross M, White DE, Peden J, Rawlinson J, Ho SN, Hollingsworth S, Popat S, Middleton G, Johnson P, Swanton C. The Cancer Research UK Stratified Medicine Programme as a model for delivering personalised cancer care. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:161-164. [PMID: 36599918 PMCID: PMC9902467 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-02107-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic screening is routinely used to guide the treatment of cancer patients in many countries. However, several multi-layered factors make this effort difficult to deliver within a clinically relevant timeframe. Here we share the learnings from the CRUK-funded Stratified Medicine Programme for advanced NSCLC patients, which could be useful to better plan future studies.
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Grants
- 25354 Cancer Research UK
- A22792 Cancer Research UK
- A22803 Cancer Research UK
- A26796 Cancer Research UK
- 22209 Cancer Research UK
- A22788 Cancer Research UK
- A22795 Cancer Research UK
- 19363 Cancer Research UK
- A26792 Cancer Research UK
- A22798 Cancer Research UK
- A22800 Cancer Research UK
- A22793 Cancer Research UK
- A22801 Cancer Research UK
- A22786 Cancer Research UK
- A22802 Cancer Research UK
- A26790 Cancer Research UK
- A26797 Cancer Research UK
- A22790 Cancer Research UK
- A22808 Cancer Research UK
- A22791 Cancer Research UK
- A22796 Cancer Research UK
- A22787 Cancer Research UK
- A26798 Cancer Research UK
- Each Principal Investigators at the hospitals involved in the study received a yearly grant from CRUK throughout the programme; all the reference numbers are listed here: CRUK - A26798, A22801, A22802, A22786, A22787, A26796, A22792, A22793, A22788, A22790, A26794, A22791, A26792, A22808, A26790, A22796, A22795, A22803, A26797, A22797, A22798, A22794, A22800, A31319, A31320, A31318
- Cancer Research UK (CRUK)
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rowena Sharpe
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Moira MacDonald
- All Wales Medical Genomics Service, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Suzanne MacMahon
- The Centre for Molecular Pathology, The Royal Marsden, Sutton, UK
| | - Hood Mugalaasi
- The Centre for Molecular Pathology, The Royal Marsden, Sutton, UK
| | - Pauline Rehal
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Laboratory, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alessandro Rettino
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Laboratory, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Helen Roberts
- All Wales Medical Genomics Service, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Mark Ross
- Illumina Cambridge, Great Abington, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | - Steffan N Ho
- Pfizer, Global Product Development Oncology, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Sanjay Popat
- The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Gary Middleton
- Institute of Immunology & Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Peter Johnson
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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17
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Cerone MA, Mills TC, Sharpe R, McBride D, MacDonald M, MacMahon S, Mugalaasi H, Rehal P, Rettino A, Roberts H, Ross M, White DE, Peden J, Rawlinson J, Ho SN, Hollingsworth S, Popat S, Middleton G, Johnson P, Swanton C. Correction to: The Cancer Research UK Stratified Medicine Programme as a model for delivering personalised cancer care. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:399. [PMID: 36697967 PMCID: PMC9902544 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02160-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rowena Sharpe
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Moira MacDonald
- All Wales Medical Genomics Service, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Suzanne MacMahon
- The Centre for Molecular Pathology, The Royal Marsden, Sutton, UK
| | - Hood Mugalaasi
- The Centre for Molecular Pathology, The Royal Marsden, Sutton, UK
| | - Pauline Rehal
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Laboratory, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alessandro Rettino
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Laboratory, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Helen Roberts
- All Wales Medical Genomics Service, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Mark Ross
- Illumina Cambridge, Great Abington, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | - Steffan N Ho
- Pfizer, Global Product Development Oncology, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Sanjay Popat
- The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Gary Middleton
- Institute of Immunology & Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Peter Johnson
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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18
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Robertson A, Makris A, Johnson P, Middleton S, Norman M, Sullivan C, Hennessy A. Delivery outcomes as a result of snoring as determined by standard sleep surveys. Obstet Med 2022; 15:253-259. [PMID: 36523878 PMCID: PMC9745590 DOI: 10.1177/1753495x211064107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), is an umbrella term that encompasses obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), central sleep apnea (CSA) and hypoventilation. is common but studies in the pregnant population are limited. Data suggests relationships between OSA and preeclampsia, but the relationship between snoring and pregnancy outcomes is unknown. Methods A prospective study of 2224 singleton pregnancies was undertaken. Women were questioned using the Berlin Questionnaire (BQ- 2 or more categories where the score is positive.) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS >10/24), the results compared with pregnancy outcomes with regard to hypertension in pregnancy. Results Women having symptoms raising the possibility of OSA defined by the BQ with a score >7 was 45.5%, and using ESS with a score >10, was 36%. The birth and neonatal outcomes for self-reported snoring and increased daytime sleepiness showed increased adverse outcomes notably increased caesarean section rates and low APGAR scores but not birth before 37 weeks of gestation. Conclusion Using questionnaires designed for the general population, the prevalence of possible undiagnosed OSA is high in the pregnant population. The increased adverse delivery and neonatal outcomes for self-reported snoring and increased daytime sleepiness with these tools indicated the need for further investigation of the links between snoring SDB and pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Robertson
- Western Sydney University
NSW, Australia
- Campbelltown Hospital, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Campbelltown, NSW,
Australia
| | - A Makris
- Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - P Johnson
- David Reid Laboratory, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - S Middleton
- Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - M Norman
- David Reid Laboratory, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - C Sullivan
- David Reid Laboratory, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - A Hennessy
- Western Sydney University
NSW, Australia
- Campbelltown Hospital, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Campbelltown, NSW,
Australia
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19
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Kananen L, Eriksdotter M, Boström A, Kivipelto M, Annetorp M, Metzner C, Bäck Jerlardtz V, Engström M, Johnson P, Lundberg L, Åkesson E, Sühl Öberg C, Hägg S, Religa D, Jylhävä J, Cederholm T. Body mass index and Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form as predictors of in-geriatric hospital mortality in older adults with COVID-19. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:2973-2979. [PMID: 34389208 PMCID: PMC8318666 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Overweight and obesity have been consistently reported to carry an increased risk for poorer outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in adults. Existing reports mainly focus on in-hospital and intensive care unit mortality in patient cohorts usually not representative of the population with the highest mortality, i.e. the very old and frail patients. Accordingly, little is known about the risk patterns related to body mass and nutrition in very old patients. Our aim was to assess the relationship between body mass index (BMI), nutritional status and in-geriatric hospital mortality among geriatric patients treated for COVID-19. As a reference, the analyses were performed also in patients treated for other diagnoses than COVID-19. METHODS We analyzed up to 10,031 geriatric patients with a median age of 83 years of which 1409 (14%) were hospitalized for COVID-19 and 8622 (86%) for other diagnoses in seven geriatric hospitals in the Stockholm region, Sweden during March 2020-January 2021. Data were available in electronic hospital records. The associations between 1) BMI and 2) nutritional status, assessed using the Mini-Nutritional Assessment - Short Form (MNA-SF) scale, and short-term in-geriatric hospital mortality were analyzed using logistic regression. RESULTS After adjusting for age, sex, comorbidity, polypharmacy, frailty and the wave of the pandemic (first vs. second), underweight defined as BMI<18.5 increased the risk of in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients (odds ratio [OR] = 2.30; confidence interval [CI] = 1.17-4.31). Overweight and obesity were not associated with in-hospital mortality. Malnutrition; i.e. MNA-SF 0-7 points, increased the risk of in-hospital mortality in patients treated for COVID-19 (OR = 2.03; CI = 1.16-3.68) and other causes (OR = 6.01; CI = 2.73-15.91). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that obesity is not a risk factor for very old patients with COVID-19, but emphasize the role of underweight and malnutrition for in-hospital mortality in geriatric patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Kananen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Faculty of Social Sciences (Health Sciences), Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,Corresponding author. Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M. Eriksdotter
- Division Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - A.M. Boström
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden,Division of Nursing, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Research and Development Unit, Stockholms Sjukhem, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M. Kivipelto
- Division Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden,Research and Development Unit, Stockholms Sjukhem, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M. Annetorp
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - C. Metzner
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - V. Bäck Jerlardtz
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Jakobsbergsgeriatriken, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M. Engström
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Sabbatsbergsgeriatriken, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P. Johnson
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Capio Geriatrik Nacka AB, Nacka, Sweden
| | - L.G. Lundberg
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Dalengeriatriken Aleris Närsjukvård AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E. Åkesson
- Research and Development Unit, Stockholms Sjukhem, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C. Sühl Öberg
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Handengeriatriken, Aleris Närsjukvård AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S. Hägg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - D. Religa
- Division Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - J. Jylhävä
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Faculty of Social Sciences (Health Sciences), Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - T. Cederholm
- Division Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden,Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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20
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Mak JKL, Eriksdotter M, Annetorp M, Kuja-Halkola R, Kananen L, Boström AM, Kivipelto M, Metzner C, Bäck Jerlardtz V, Engström M, Johnson P, Lundberg LG, Åkesson E, Sühl Öberg C, Olsson M, Cederholm T, Hägg S, Religa D, Jylhävä J. Two Years with COVID-19: The Electronic Frailty Index Identifies High-Risk Patients in the Stockholm GeroCovid Study. Gerontology 2022; 69:396-405. [PMID: 36450240 PMCID: PMC9747746 DOI: 10.1159/000527206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Frailty, a measure of biological aging, has been linked to worse COVID-19 outcomes. However, as the mortality differs across the COVID-19 waves, it is less clear whether a medical record-based electronic frailty index (eFI) that we have previously developed for older adults could be used for risk stratification in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The aim of the study was to examine the association of frailty with mortality, readmission, and length of stay in older COVID-19 patients and to compare the predictive accuracy of the eFI to other frailty and comorbidity measures. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This was a retrospective cohort study using electronic health records (EHRs) from nine geriatric clinics in Stockholm, Sweden, comprising 3,980 COVID-19 patients (mean age 81.6 years) admitted between March 2020 and March 2022. Frailty was assessed using a 48-item eFI developed for Swedish geriatric patients, the Clinical Frailty Scale, and the Hospital Frailty Risk Score. Comorbidity was measured using the Charlson Comorbidity Index. We analyzed in-hospital mortality and 30-day readmission using logistic regression, 30-day and 6-month mortality using Cox regression, and the length of stay using linear regression. Predictive accuracy of the logistic regression and Cox models was evaluated by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and Harrell’s C-statistic, respectively. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Across the study period, the in-hospital mortality rate decreased from 13.9% in the first wave to 3.6% in the latest (Omicron) wave. Controlling for age and sex, a 10% increment in the eFI was significantly associated with higher risks of in-hospital mortality (odds ratio = 2.95; 95% confidence interval = 2.42–3.62), 30-day mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.39; 2.08–2.74), 6-month mortality (HR = 2.29; 2.04–2.56), and a longer length of stay (β-coefficient = 2.00; 1.65–2.34) but not with 30-day readmission. The association between the eFI and in-hospital mortality remained robust across the waves, even after the vaccination rollout. Among all measures, the eFI had the best discrimination for in-hospital (AUC = 0.780), 30-day (Harrell’s C = 0.733), and 6-month mortality (Harrell’s C = 0.719). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> An eFI based on routinely collected EHRs can be applied in identifying high-risk older COVID-19 patients during the continuing pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan K L Mak
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,
| | - Maria Eriksdotter
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Martin Annetorp
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Ralf Kuja-Halkola
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura Kananen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Faculty of Social Sciences (Health Sciences) and Gerontology Research Center (GEREC), University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anne-Marie Boström
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
- Division of Nursing, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Research and Development Unit, Stockholms Sjukhem, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Miia Kivipelto
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Carina Metzner
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | | | - Malin Engström
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Sabbatsbergsgeriatriken, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Johnson
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Capio Geriatrik Nacka AB, Nacka, Sweden
| | - Lars Göran Lundberg
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Dalengeriatriken Aleris Närsjukvård AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Åkesson
- Research and Development Unit, Stockholms Sjukhem, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carina Sühl Öberg
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Handengeriatriken, Aleris Närsjukvård AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Olsson
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Capio Geriatrik Löwet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Capio Geriatrik Sollentuna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tommy Cederholm
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sara Hägg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dorota Religa
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Juulia Jylhävä
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Faculty of Social Sciences (Health Sciences) and Gerontology Research Center (GEREC), University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
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21
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Lee LYW, Ionescu MC, Starkey T, Little M, Tilby M, Tripathy AR, Mckenzie HS, Al-Hajji Y, Appanna N, Barnard M, Benny L, Burnett A, Cattell EL, Clark JJ, Khan S, Ghafoor Q, Panneerselvam H, Illsley G, Harper-Wynne C, Hattersley RJ, Lee AJ, Lomas O, Liu JK, McCauley A, Pang M, Pascoe JS, Platt JR, Patel G, Patel V, Potter VA, Randle A, Rigg AS, Robinson TM, Roques TW, Roux RL, Rozmanowski S, Taylor H, Tuthill MH, Watts I, Williams S, Beggs A, Iveson T, Lee SM, Middleton G, Middleton M, Protheroe A, Fittall MW, Fowler T, Johnson P. COVID-19: Third dose booster vaccine effectiveness against breakthrough coronavirus infection, hospitalisations and death in patients with cancer: A population-based study. Eur J Cancer 2022; 175:1-10. [PMID: 36084618 PMCID: PMC9276646 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE People living with cancer and haematological malignancies are at an increased risk of hospitalisation and death following infection with acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Coronavirus third dose vaccine boosters are proposed to boost waning immune responses in immunocompromised individuals and increase coronavirus protection; however, their effectiveness has not yet been systematically evaluated. METHODS This study is a population-scale real-world evaluation of the United Kingdom's third dose vaccine booster programme for cancer patients from 8th December 2020 to 7th December 2021. The cancer cohort comprises individuals from Public Health England's national cancer dataset, excluding individuals less than 18 years. A test-negative case-control design was used to assess the third dose booster vaccine effectiveness. Multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to compare risk in the cancer cohort relative to the general population. RESULTS The cancer cohort comprised of 2,258,553 tests from 361,098 individuals. Third dose boosters were evaluated by reference to 87,039,743 polymerase chain reaction coronavirus tests. Vaccine effectiveness against breakthrough infections, symptomatic infections, coronavirus hospitalisation and death in cancer patients were 59.1%, 62.8%, 80.5% and 94.5%, respectively. Lower vaccine effectiveness was associated with a cancer diagnosis within 12 months, lymphoma, recent systemic anti-cancer therapy (SACT) or radiotherapy. Patients with lymphoma had low levels of protection from symptomatic disease. In spite of third dose boosters, following multivariable adjustment, individuals with cancer remain at an increased risk of coronavirus hospitalisation and death compared to the population control (OR 3.38, 3.01, respectively. p < 0.001 for both). CONCLUSIONS Third dose boosters are effective for most individuals with cancer, increasing protection from coronavirus. However, their effectiveness is heterogenous and lower than the general population. Many patients with cancer will remain at the increased risk of coronavirus infections even after 3 doses. In the case of patients with lymphoma, there is a particularly strong disparity of vaccine effectiveness against breakthrough infection and severe disease. Breakthrough infections will disrupt cancer care and treatment with potentially adverse consequences on survival outcomes. The data support the role of vaccine boosters in preventing severe disease, and further pharmacological intervention to prevent transmission and aid viral clearance to limit the disruption of cancer care as the delivery of care continues to evolve during the coronavirus pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennard Y W Lee
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford; Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham; Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham.
| | | | - Thomas Starkey
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham
| | - Martin Little
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Michael Tilby
- Department of Oncology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Arvind R Tripathy
- Department of Oncology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Hayley S Mckenzie
- Oncology Department, University Hospitals Southampton NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Emma L Cattell
- Department of Cancer, Taunton and Somerset NHS Foundation Trust
| | - James J Clark
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London
| | - Sam Khan
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester
| | - Qamar Ghafoor
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | | | | | - Alvin Jx Lee
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London; University College London Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - Oliver Lomas
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Justin Kh Liu
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds
| | | | | | - Jennifer S Pascoe
- Department of Oncology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
| | - James R Platt
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds
| | - Grisma Patel
- Cancer Division, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London
| | | | - Vanessa A Potter
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire
| | | | - Anne S Rigg
- Department of Oncology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | - Tom W Roques
- Cancer Services, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - René L Roux
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | - Mark H Tuthill
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | - Sarah Williams
- Department of Oncology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Andrew Beggs
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham
| | - Tim Iveson
- Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton
| | - Siow M Lee
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London; University College London Hospitals NHS Trust; CRUK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London
| | - Gary Middleton
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham; Department of Oncology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | - Andrew Protheroe
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | - Peter Johnson
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire; Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton
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22
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Carter R, Hardway H, Johnson P, Douglass E, Adedinsewo D. Multi-category classification of left ventricle ejection fraction using a convolutional neural network. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Screening for left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction (defined as ejection fraction ≤35%) based on data from a standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) has become well established when standard digital ECGs are available–8 independent leads sampled at least 250 hertz for 10 seconds. As the algorithm has been incorporated into various clinical scenarios and ancillary research projects, a limitation of the binary classification at 35% has become apparent.
Purpose
The objective of this study was to develop and validate a deep learning-based algorithm that would classify LVEF into three categories based on only the digital ECG input.
Methods
After IRB approval, native digital resting ECGs acquired between 1/1/2010 and 12/31/2021 on patients seen in Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville were extracted from the institutional electronic ECG database management system (MUSE, GE Healthcare). These ECGs were matched with transthoracic echocardiograms obtained up to four days prior or 30 days after the ECGs acquisition. A convolutional neural network consisting of 8 layers of convolutions, batch normalization and pooling was trained using Keras and Tensorflow with hyper-parameter optimization for L1 and L2 regularization, learning rate adjustments, and class weights to predict three classes of LVEF: ≤35%, 36–51%, and ≥52% based on clinical relevance. The primary measure of overall performance was the detection of LVEF ≤35%; however, the triad of model predictions was also considered in translating the model output to human interpretable findings.
Results
A total of 30,153 patients (60,169 ECG pairings; mean age 63 years; 48% male) were randomly split at the patient level into training (24,172 patients), validation (2,973 patients) and testing (3,008 patients). The trained model provided robust discrimination in the withheld testing data – AUROC of 0.941 (95% CI: 0.931 to 0.950). Using the optimal model threshold based on Youden's index from the validation data (0.186), sensitivity and specificity were estimated to be 87.9% (95% CI: 83.8% to 91.2%) and 86.3% (95% CI: 85.4% to 87.2%) in the testing data. In instances where discordant predictions were observed, the posterior distribution of model probabilities provide additional insights into the possible underlying value of LVEF (Figure 1).
Conclusions
The utilization of a multi-category deep learning classification model for the detection of reduced ejection fraction adds new dimensions to the use of AI technologies on digital ECGs. This work shows high discrimination can still be obtained when using three classes of LVEF.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Carter
- Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville , United States of America
| | - H Hardway
- Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville , United States of America
| | - P Johnson
- Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville , United States of America
| | - E Douglass
- Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville , United States of America
| | - D Adedinsewo
- Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville , United States of America
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Adedinsewo D, Hardway H, Morales-Lara CA, Johnson P, Douglass E, Dangott B, Nakhleh R, Narula T, Patel P, Goswami R, Heckman A, Lopez-Jimenez F, Noseworthy P, Yamani M, Carter R. Screening for cardiac allograft rejection among heart transplant recipients using an electrocardiogram-based deep learning model. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Current approaches utilizing non-invasive methods to screen for cardiac allograft rejection (gene expression profiling and cell free DNA) have yet to be broadly integrated into heart transplant management and have shown limited discrimination (AUCs of 0.68 and 0.77, respectively). Changes in the electrocardiogram (ECG) have been reported at the time of severe cardiac rejection, including low voltages and conduction abnormalities. It remains unknown if subtle ECG changes correlating with cardiac allograft rejection can be detected earlier using machine learning methods.
Purpose
We sought to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) model to detect cardiac allograft rejection based on the 12 lead ECG.
Methods
We identified all patients who underwent a heart transplant at 3 hospital sites within a single health system from Jan 1998 through Apr 2021 and extracted digital 12-lead ECG data as well as endomyocardial biopsy pathology results from the electronic medical record. We partitioned our data into a training (80%), validation (10%), and test set (10%) based on a group stratification sampling. Each patient was present in only one set and each set had a positivity rate of 2.6% with 6,074/758/758 ECGs belonging to 1,146/140/141 unique patients in each set respectively. Cardiac allograft rejection was defined as moderate or severe acute cellular rejection based on International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) guidelines. A convolutional neural network, using the 12-lead ECG data as input, was trained with hyperparameter optimization for regularization, learning rate adjustments, and class weights. Model performance metrics were based on the test data and estimated using the final model architecture.
Results
1,587 heart transplant recipients who had at least one endomyocardial biopsy were evaluated for inclusion. We limited our sample to ECGs performed within 30 days of the biopsy date (7,590 ECGs, representing 1,425 unique patients). Our study population had a median age of 55.8 years and 28.7% were female. The median number of ECG-biopsy pairs per patient was 5. The majority of endomyocardial biopsy results were classified as none or mild rejection (97.1%), and 2.9% had moderate/severe rejection. The ECG-based AI model detected cardiac allograft rejection with an area under the receiver operative curve (AUC) of 0.84 in the test set. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were 95%, 52.6%. 5.2% and 99.7% respectively.
Conclusions
An AI-ECG model appears to outperform novel non-invasive laboratory tests (gene expression profiling and cell free DNA) for detecting cardiac allograft rejection and does not require a blood draw or the additional complexities surrounding sample processing. This model relies on a readily available and relatively inexpensive test, the ECG. In addition, AI predictions can be made available within a few minutes following ECG acquisition.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Private hospital(s). Main funding source(s): Mayo Clinic
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Affiliation(s)
- D Adedinsewo
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiovascular Medicine , Jacksonville , United States of America
| | - H Hardway
- Mayo Clinic, Quantitative Health Sciences , Jacksonville , United States of America
| | - C A Morales-Lara
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiovascular Medicine , Jacksonville , United States of America
| | - P Johnson
- Mayo Clinic, Quantitative Health Sciences , Jacksonville , United States of America
| | - E Douglass
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiovascular Medicine , Jacksonville , United States of America
| | - B Dangott
- Mayo Clinic, Laboratory Medicine and Pathology , Jacksonville , United States of America
| | - R Nakhleh
- Mayo Clinic, Laboratory Medicine and Pathology , Jacksonville , United States of America
| | - T Narula
- Mayo Clinic, Transplant Medicine , Jacksonville , United States of America
| | - P Patel
- Mayo Clinic, Transplant Medicine , Jacksonville , United States of America
| | - R Goswami
- Mayo Clinic, Transplant Medicine , Jacksonville , United States of America
| | - A Heckman
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiovascular Medicine , Jacksonville , United States of America
| | - F Lopez-Jimenez
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiovascular Medicine , Rochester , United States of America
| | - P Noseworthy
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiovascular Medicine , Rochester , United States of America
| | - M Yamani
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiovascular Medicine , Jacksonville , United States of America
| | - R Carter
- Mayo Clinic, Quantitative Health Sciences , Jacksonville , United States of America
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Neal RD, Johnson P, Clarke CA, Hamilton SA, Zhang N, Kumar H, Swanton C, Sasieni P. Cell-Free DNA-Based Multi-Cancer Early Detection Test in an Asymptomatic Screening Population (NHS-Galleri): Design of a Pragmatic, Prospective Randomised Controlled Trial. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4818. [PMID: 36230741 PMCID: PMC9564213 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the design of the NHS-Galleri trial (ISRCTN91431511), aiming to establish whether a multi-cancer early detection (MCED) test that screens asymptomatic individuals for cancer can reduce late-stage cancer incidence. This randomised controlled trial has invited approximately 1.5 million persons and enrolled over 140,000 from the general population of England (50-77 years; ≥3 years without cancer diagnosis or treatment; not undergoing investigation for suspected cancer). Blood is being collected at up to three annual visits. Following baseline blood collection, participants are randomised 1:1 to the intervention (blood tested by MCED test) or control (blood stored) arm. Only participants in the intervention arm with a cancer signal detected have results returned and are referred for urgent investigations and potential treatment. Remaining participants in both arms stay blinded and return for their next visit. Participants are encouraged to continue other NHS cancer screening programmes and seek help for new or unusual symptoms. The primary objective is to demonstrate a statistically significant reduction in the incidence rate of stage III and IV cancers diagnosed in the intervention versus control arm 3-4 years after randomisation. NHS-Galleri will help determine the clinical utility of population screening with an MCED test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard D. Neal
- Department of Health and Community Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4PY, UK
| | | | | | | | - Nan Zhang
- GRAIL, LLC, a Subsidiary of Illumina, Inc., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Harpal Kumar
- GRAIL, LLC, a Subsidiary of Illumina, Inc., London, WC1V 7HP, UK
| | - Charles Swanton
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Peter Sasieni
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
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Johnson P, Pedersen J, Peskir G, Zucca C. Detecting the presence of a random drift in Brownian motion. Stoch Process Their Appl 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.spa.2021.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Counter C, Owen R, Sinha S, Muthusamy A, Drage M, Callaghan C, Elker D, Harper S, Sutherland A, Van Dellen D, Johnson P, Manas D, Shaw J, Forsythe J, Wilson C, Hughes S, Casey J, White S. O007 Pancreas and islet transplantation in the United Kingdom during the COVID-19 era. Br J Surg 2022; 109:znac242.007. [PMCID: PMC9384530 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac242.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion Take-home message
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R Owen
- NHSBT Pancreas Advisory Group
| | - S Sinha
- NHSBT Pancreas Advisory Group
| | | | - M Drage
- NHSBT Pancreas Advisory Group
| | | | - D Elker
- NHSBT Pancreas Advisory Group
| | | | | | | | | | - D Manas
- NHSBT Pancreas Advisory Group
| | - J Shaw
- NHSBT Pancreas Advisory Group
| | | | | | | | - J Casey
- NHSBT Pancreas Advisory Group
| | - S White
- NHSBT Pancreas Advisory Group
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Aggarwal M, Zhu Z, Gould S, Johnson P, Beheshtian S, Fang H, Kallakury B, Mueller SC, He AR, Chung FL. Abstract 6235: Detection of γ-OHPdG in circulating liver cells and its potential use as a prognostic biomarker in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-6235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Primary liver cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death. Resection is the most widely used potentially curative treatment for patients with early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recurrence within 2 years occurs in 30-50% of patients and is a major cause of mortality. A biomarker to predict the risk of HCC and its recurrence is urgently needed. Our studies showed that hepatic levels of γ-OHPdG, an endogenous adduct from lipid peroxidation, closely correlate with hepatocarcinogenesis in various independent animal models, including an obesity model. Importantly, we observed that higher levels of γ-OHPdG in liver specimens from HCC patients who underwent surgical resection were strongly associated with poor survival (p < 0.0001) as well as with poor recurrence-free survival (RFS) (p = 0.007). These finding suggest that γ-OHPdG may serve as a prognostic biomarker of HCC and its recurrence. A non-invasive method to detect γ-OHPdG is highly desirable. There is a surge of interest in using circulating liver cells (CLCs) from patient blood to diagnose cancer stages and predict treatment outcomes, metastatic potential, and recurrence. We developed a non-invasive method for detecting and quantifying γ-OHPdG using CLCs from patient blood.
Method: The method was developed by following steps: (i) isolate CLCs from blood samples using a RosetteSep™ Human CD45 Depletion Cocktail and Ficoll Paque, (ii) detect γ-OHPdG by immunocytochemistry, (iii) quantify the images of γ-OHPdG-positive stained CLCs, and (iv) compare with that found in liver biopsies by immunohistochemistry.
Results: To determine the specificity of the anti-γ-OHPdG antibody developed previously in our laboratory, we showed that the proportion of γ-OHPdG-positively stained cells and staining intensity increased in HepG2 liver cancer cells upon acrolein treatment. Liver cells were co-stained with asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 (ASGPR1), a cell surface protein expressed solely on the surface of hepatic cells. CLC γ-OHPdG was quantified using Metamorph (BioVision)-based journal software, developed to quantify the percentage of ASGPR1-stained cells that also stain positively, and with what level of intensity, for γ-OHPdG. We then applied this method to 35 HCC patients’ blood samples. This method detects the number of ASGPR1 stained CLC and determines the cellular localization of γ-OHPdG, allowing the quantification of γ-OHPdG in these cells. While the nuclear γ-OHPdG reflects DNA damage, adducts in both the nucleus and the cytosol will be evaluated against IHC staining using biopsies and other clinical endpoints, such as disease stage and recurrence.
Conclusion: The CLC method descried above for detecting and quantifying γ-OHPdG can be potentially used to validate this adduct as a prognostic biomarker for predicting HCC risk and recurrence in clinical trials.
Citation Format: Monika Aggarwal, Zizhao Zhu, Sophie Gould, Peter Johnson, Samira Beheshtian, Hongbin Fang, Bhaskar Kallakury, Susette C. Mueller, Aiwu Ruth He, Fung-Lung Chung. Detection of γ-OHPdG in circulating liver cells and its potential use as a prognostic biomarker in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 6235.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Aggarwal
- 1Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Zizhao Zhu
- 1Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Sophie Gould
- 1Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Peter Johnson
- 1Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Samira Beheshtian
- 2Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Hongbin Fang
- 1Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Bhaskar Kallakury
- 2Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Susette C. Mueller
- 1Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Aiwu Ruth He
- 2Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Fung-Lung Chung
- 1Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
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Lee LYW, Starkey T, Ionescu MC, Little M, Tilby M, Tripathy AR, Mckenzie HS, Al-Hajji Y, Barnard M, Benny L, Burnett A, Cattell EL, Charman J, Clark JJ, Khan S, Ghafoor Q, Illsley G, Harper-Wynne C, Hattersley RJ, Lee AJX, Leonard PC, Liu JKH, Pang M, Pascoe JS, Platt JR, Potter VA, Randle A, Rigg AS, Robinson TM, Roques TW, Roux RL, Rozmanowski S, Tuthill MH, Watts I, Williams S, Iveson T, Lee SM, Middleton G, Middleton M, Protheroe A, Fittall MW, Fowler T, Johnson P. Vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19 breakthrough infections in patients with cancer (UKCCEP): a population-based test-negative case-control study. Lancet Oncol 2022; 23:748-757. [PMID: 35617989 PMCID: PMC9126559 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(22)00202-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with cancer are at increased risk of hospitalisation and death following infection with SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, we aimed to conduct one of the first evaluations of vaccine effectiveness against breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections in patients with cancer at a population level. METHODS In this population-based test-negative case-control study of the UK Coronavirus Cancer Evaluation Project (UKCCEP), we extracted data from the UKCCEP registry on all SARS-CoV-2 PCR test results (from the Second Generation Surveillance System), vaccination records (from the National Immunisation Management Service), patient demographics, and cancer records from England, UK, from Dec 8, 2020, to Oct 15, 2021. Adults (aged ≥18 years) with cancer in the UKCCEP registry were identified via Public Health England's Rapid Cancer Registration Dataset between Jan 1, 2018, and April 30, 2021, and comprised the cancer cohort. We constructed a control population cohort from adults with PCR tests in the UKCCEP registry who were not contained within the Rapid Cancer Registration Dataset. The coprimary endpoints were overall vaccine effectiveness against breakthrough infections after the second dose (positive PCR COVID-19 test) and vaccine effectiveness against breakthrough infections at 3-6 months after the second dose in the cancer cohort and control population. FINDINGS The cancer cohort comprised 377 194 individuals, of whom 42 882 had breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections. The control population consisted of 28 010 955 individuals, of whom 5 748 708 had SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections. Overall vaccine effectiveness was 69·8% (95% CI 69·8-69·9) in the control population and 65·5% (65·1-65·9) in the cancer cohort. Vaccine effectiveness at 3-6 months was lower in the cancer cohort (47·0%, 46·3-47·6) than in the control population (61·4%, 61·4-61·5). INTERPRETATION COVID-19 vaccination is effective for individuals with cancer, conferring varying levels of protection against breakthrough infections. However, vaccine effectiveness is lower in patients with cancer than in the general population. COVID-19 vaccination for patients with cancer should be used in conjunction with non-pharmacological strategies and community-based antiviral treatment programmes to reduce the risk that COVID-19 poses to patients with cancer. FUNDING University of Oxford, University of Southampton, University of Birmingham, Department of Health and Social Care, and Blood Cancer UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennard Y W Lee
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Thomas Starkey
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Martin Little
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Michael Tilby
- Department of Oncology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Arvind R Tripathy
- Department of Oncology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Hayley S Mckenzie
- Oncology Department, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Youssra Al-Hajji
- Birmingham Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | | | | | - Emma L Cattell
- Department of Cancer, Taunton and Somerset NHS Foundation Trust, Taunton, UK
| | - Jackie Charman
- National Disease Registration Service, NHS Digital, London, UK
| | - James J Clark
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sam Khan
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Qamar Ghafoor
- Department of Oncology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Catherine Harper-Wynne
- Kent Oncology Centre, University of Kent and Kent and Medway Medical School, Maidstone, UK
| | - Rosie J Hattersley
- Department of Oncology, Torbay Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Torquay, UK
| | - Alvin J X Lee
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust and University College London, London, UK
| | - Pauline C Leonard
- Cancer Services, Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Romford, UK
| | - Justin K H Liu
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Matthew Pang
- Department of Health and Social Care, London, UK
| | - Jennifer S Pascoe
- Department of Oncology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - James R Platt
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Vanessa A Potter
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, UK
| | | | - Anne S Rigg
- Department of Oncology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Tim M Robinson
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Tom W Roques
- Cancer Services, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - René L Roux
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Mark H Tuthill
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Isabella Watts
- Department of Academic Oncology, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sarah Williams
- Department of Oncology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Tim Iveson
- Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Siow Ming Lee
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust and University College London, London, UK; CRUK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust and University College London, London, UK
| | - Gary Middleton
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Department of Oncology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mark Middleton
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew Protheroe
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Peter Johnson
- NHS England, London, UK; Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Fernandes P, Bennett K, Storrar N, Johnson P. 164 Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) following autologous periph- eral blood stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma. J Neurol Psychiatry 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2022-abn.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A 67-year-old man presented with unilateral weakness and reduced dexterity four months after autolo- gous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma. The weakness progressed over the following months, with accompanying cognitive and sensory symptoms. Brain MRI showed numerous hyper- intense T2 lesions within the subcortical white matter of both cerebral hemispheres suggestive of demy- elination, progressing rapidly on interval imaging. His CSF tested positive for JC virus, diagnostic of PML.This diagnosis was unexpected as the patient did not appear to be significantly immunocompromised and PML is extremely rare in patients with multiple myeloma. Treatment for progressive multifocal leukoen- cephalopathy is via restoring immune function; in our patient no reversible cause of immuno-suppression was present. At the time of our patient’s diagnosis no treatments had been shown to be effective against PML in clinical trials. However, in the last year both pembrolizumab and BK virus specific T-cell therapy have demonstrated efficacy against PML in published clinical trials, offering new hope for patients.Clinicians should consider a diagnosis of PML when assessing patients with neurological symptoms and signs following treatment for multiple myeloma and in other haematological conditions, particularly as efficacious treatments can now be given if PML is diagnosed early.peter.fernandes@ed.ac.uk
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Kumar S, Santos RJ, McGuigan AJ, Singh U, Johnson P, Kunzmann AT, Turkington RC. The Role of Circulating Protein and Metabolite Biomarkers in the Development of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC): A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022; 31:1090-1102. [PMID: 34810209 PMCID: PMC9377754 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-0616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a poor prognosis, and this is attributed to it being diagnosed at an advanced stage. Understanding the pathways involved in initial development may improve early detection strategies. This systematic review assessed the association between circulating protein and metabolite biomarkers and PDAC development. METHODS A literature search until August 2020 in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science was performed. Studies were included if they assessed circulating blood, urine, or salivary biomarkers and their association with PDAC risk. Quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for cohort studies. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to calculate pooled relative risk. RESULTS A total of 65 studies were included. Higher levels of glucose were found to be positively associated with risk of developing PDAC [n = 4 studies; pooled relative risk (RR): 1.61; 95% CI: 1.16-2.22]. Additionally, an inverse association was seen with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) levels (n = 4 studies; RR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.44-0.87). Meta-analyses showed no association between levels of C-peptide, members of the insulin growth factor signaling pathway, C-reactive protein, adiponectin, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and folate/homocysteine and PDAC risk. Four individual studies also reported a suggestive positive association of branched-chain amino acids with PDAC risk, but due to differences in measures reported, a meta-analysis could not be performed. CONCLUSIONS Our pooled analysis demonstrates that higher serum glucose levels and lower levels of PLP are associated with risk of PDAC. IMPACT Glucose and PLP levels are associated with PDAC risk. More prospective studies are required to identify biomarkers for early detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Kumar
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Ralph J. Santos
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J. McGuigan
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Urvashi Singh
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Johnson
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew T. Kunzmann
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Richard C. Turkington
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
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Manik SMN, Quamruzzaman M, Zhao C, Johnson P, Hunt I, Shabala S, Zhou M. Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Marker Trait Associations (MTA) for Waterlogging-Triggered Adventitious Roots and Aerenchyma Formation in Barley. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063341. [PMID: 35328762 PMCID: PMC8954902 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Waterlogging is an environmental stress, which severely affects barley growth and development. Limited availability of oxygen in the root zone negatively affects the metabolism of the whole plant. Adventitious roots (AR) and root cortical aerenchyma (RCA) formation are the most important adaptive traits that contribute to a plant's ability to survive in waterlogged soil conditions. This study used a genome-wide association (GWAS) approach using 18,132 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a panel of 697 barley genotypes to reveal marker trait associations (MTA) conferring the above adaptive traits. Experiments were conducted over two consecutive years in tanks filled with soil and then validated in field experiments. GWAS analysis was conducted using general linear models (GLM), mixed linear models (MLM), and fixed and random model circulating probability unification models (FarmCPU model), with the FarmCPU showing to be the best suited model. Six and five significant (approximately -log10 (p) ≥ 5.5) MTA were identified for AR and RCA formation under waterlogged conditions, respectively. The highest -log10 (p) MTA for adventitious root and aerenchyma formation were approximately 9 and 8 on chromosome 2H and 4H, respectively. The combination of different MTA showed to be more effective in forming RCA and producing more AR under waterlogging stress. Genes from major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporter and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) families for AR formation, and ethylene responsive factor (ERF) family genes and potassium transporter family genes for RCA formation were the potential candidate genes involved under waterlogging conditions. Several genotypes, which performed consistently well under different conditions, can be used in breeding programs to develop waterlogging-tolerant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Nuruzzaman Manik
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia; (S.M.N.M.); (M.Q.); (C.Z.); (P.J.); (I.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Md Quamruzzaman
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia; (S.M.N.M.); (M.Q.); (C.Z.); (P.J.); (I.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Chenchen Zhao
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia; (S.M.N.M.); (M.Q.); (C.Z.); (P.J.); (I.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Peter Johnson
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia; (S.M.N.M.); (M.Q.); (C.Z.); (P.J.); (I.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Ian Hunt
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia; (S.M.N.M.); (M.Q.); (C.Z.); (P.J.); (I.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia; (S.M.N.M.); (M.Q.); (C.Z.); (P.J.); (I.H.); (S.S.)
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Meixue Zhou
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia; (S.M.N.M.); (M.Q.); (C.Z.); (P.J.); (I.H.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence:
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32
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Mak JKL, Hägg S, Eriksdotter M, Annetorp M, Kuja-Halkola R, Kananen L, Boström AM, Kivipelto M, Metzner C, Bäck Jerlardtz V, Engström M, Johnson P, Lundberg LG, Åkesson E, Öberg CS, Olsson M, Cederholm T, Jylhävä J, Religa D. Development of an electronic frailty index for hospitalized older adults in Sweden. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2022; 77:2311-2319. [PMID: 35303746 PMCID: PMC9678204 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frailty assessment in the Swedish health system relies on the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), but it requires training, in-person evaluation, and is often missing in medical records. We aimed to develop an electronic frailty index (eFI) from routinely collected electronic health records (EHRs) and assess its association with adverse outcomes in hospitalized older adults. METHODS EHRs were extracted for 18,225 patients with unplanned admissions between 1 March 2020 and 17 June 2021 from nine geriatric clinics in Stockholm, Sweden. A 48-item eFI was constructed using diagnostic codes, functioning and other health indicators, and laboratory data. The CFS, Hospital Frailty Risk Score, and Charlson Comorbidity Index were used for comparative assessment of the eFI. We modelled in-hospital mortality and 30-day readmission using logistic regression; 30-day and 6-month mortality using Cox regression; and length of stay using linear regression. RESULTS 13,188 patients were included in analyses (mean age 83.1 years). A 0.03 increment in the eFI was associated with higher risks of in-hospital (odds ratio: 1.65; 95% confidence interval: 1.54-1.78), 30-day (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.43; 1.38-1.48), and 6-month mortality (HR: 1.34; 1.31-1.37) adjusted for age and sex. Of the frailty and comorbidity measures, the eFI had the highest area under receiver operating characteristic curve for in-hospital mortality of 0.813. Higher eFI was associated with longer length of stay, but had a rather poor discrimination for 30-day readmission. CONCLUSIONS An EHR-based eFI has robust associations with adverse outcomes, suggesting that it can be used in risk stratification in hospitalized older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan K L Mak
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Hägg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Eriksdotter
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Martin Annetorp
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Ralf Kuja-Halkola
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura Kananen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Faculty of Social Sciences (Health Sciences) and Gerontology Research Center (GEREC), University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anne-Marie Boström
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden.,Division of Nursing, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Research and Development Unit, Stockholms Sjukhem, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Miia Kivipelto
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Carina Metzner
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | | | - Malin Engström
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Sabbatsbergsgeriatriken, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Johnson
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Capio Geriatrik Nacka AB, Nacka, Sweden
| | - Lars Göran Lundberg
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Dalengeriatriken Aleris Närsjukvård AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Åkesson
- Research and Development Unit, Stockholms Sjukhem, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carina Sühl Öberg
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Handengeriatriken, Aleris Närsjukvård AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Olsson
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Capio Geriatrik Löwet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, Capio Geriatrik Sollentuna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tommy Cederholm
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Juulia Jylhävä
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Faculty of Social Sciences (Health Sciences) and Gerontology Research Center (GEREC), University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Dorota Religa
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
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Johnson P, Chan JK, Vavasour IM, Abel S, Lee LE, Yong H, Laule C, Li DKB, Tam R, Traboulsee A, Carruthers RL, Kolind SH. Quantitative MRI findings indicate diffuse white matter damage in Susac Syndrome. Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin 2022; 8:20552173221078834. [PMID: 35186315 PMCID: PMC8851927 DOI: 10.1177/20552173221078834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Susac Syndrome (SuS) is an autoimmune endotheliopathy impacting the brain, retina and cochlea that can clinically mimic multiple sclerosis (MS). Objective To evaluate non-lesional white matter demyelination changes in SuS compared to MS and healthy controls (HC) using quantitative MRI. Methods 3T MRI including myelin water imaging and diffusion basis spectrum imaging were acquired for 7 SuS, 10 MS and 10 HC participants. Non-lesional white matter was analyzed in the corpus callosum (CC) and normal appearing white matter (NAWM). Groups were compared using ANCOVA with Tukey correction. Results SuS CC myelin water fraction (mean 0.092) was lower than MS(0.11, p = 0.01) and HC(0.11, p = 0.04). Another myelin marker, radial diffusivity, was increased in SuS CC(0.27μm2/ms) compared to HC(0.21μm2/ms, p = 0.008) and MS(0.23μm2/ms, p = 0.05). Fractional anisotropy was lower in SuS CC(0.82) than HC(0.86, p = 0.04). Fiber fraction (reflecting axons) did not differ from HC or MS. In NAWM, radial diffusivity and apparent diffusion coefficient were significantly increased in SuS compared to HC(p < 0.001 for both measures) and MS(p = 0.003, p < 0.001 respectively). Conclusions Our results provided evidence of myelin damage in SuS, particularly in the CC, and more extensive microstructural injury in NAWM, supporting the hypothesis that there are widespread microstructural changes in SuS syndrome including diffuse demyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - JK Chan
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - IM Vavasour
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Canada
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD)
| | | | | | - H Yong
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - C Laule
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Canada
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - DKB Li
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - R Tam
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - RL Carruthers
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - SH Kolind
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Canada
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD)
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Canada
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34
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Burnett A, Johnson P, Locke I, Illidge T. The Radiotherapy Learning Healthcare System - Working Together to Improve the Quality of Radiotherapy Nationally. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2022; 34:411-414. [PMID: 35120791 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2021.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Burnett
- NHS England and NHS Improvement, London, UK.
| | - P Johnson
- NHS England and NHS Improvement, London, UK
| | - I Locke
- NHS England and NHS Improvement, London, UK
| | - T Illidge
- The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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35
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Gupta PSP, Kaushik K, Johnson P, Krishna K, Nandi S, Mondal S, Nikhil Kumar Tej J, Somoskoi B, Cseh S. Effect of different vitrification protocols on post thaw viability and gene expression of ovine preantral follicles. Theriogenology 2022; 178:1-7. [PMID: 34735977 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to establish a vitrification protocol for ovine preantral follicles, which can retain viability after thawing and to evaluate the impact of different vitrification treatments on apoptosis and development-related gene expression. Preantral follicles were isolated from cortical slices of ovaries by the mechanical method of isolation. The isolated preantral follicles (200-300 μm) were randomly assigned into four groups. Group1 - Control Fresh preantral follicles (256 follicles); Group 2- Vitrification treatment A (259 follicles) (Vitrification solution 1 (VS1) - Fetal bovine serum (FBS)10%, Ethylene glycol (EG):1.8 M, Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO): 1.4 M, Sucrose-0.3 M for 4 min; VS2- FBS10%, EG:4.5 M, DMSO: 3.5 M, Sucrose:0.3 M for 45 s), Group 3 - Vitr. treatment B (235 follicles) (VS1-FBS 20%, EG:1.3 M, DMSO1.05 M for 15 min, VS2- FBS 20%, EG:2.7 M, DMSO:2.1 M for 5 min) and Group 4-Vitrification treatment C (248 follicles) (VS1-Glycerol(Gly):1.2 M for 3 min, VS2- Gly:1.2 M, EG:3.6 M for 3 min, VS3- Gly3M, EG: 4.5 M for 1 min). Preantral follicles were placed in corresponding vitrification treatments and later plunged immediately into liquid nitrogen (-196 °C). After a week, the follicles were thawed and analyzed for follicular viability by trypan blue dye exclusion method as well as for gene expression. The results showed that the low concentration of cryoprotectants (vitrification treatment B) negatively affected the viability of preantral follicles in comparison with control follicles. There was no significant difference in the viability rates among the Control (87%), Treatment A (79%) and Treatment C (75%). The percentage of viable preantral follicles (73%) derived from Treatment B was significantly decreased (P<0.05%) in comparison to that of control. The expression of apoptotic gene BAK was higher in the vitrification treatment B group. Expressions of the other apoptosis-related genes i.e. Bcl2L1, BAD, BAX, Caspase 3, and Annexin showed no significant difference among the groups. The expression pattern of development competence genes GDF-9 and BMP-15 were higher (P < 0.05) in vitrification treatment A and C, respectively. Expression of NOBOX gene was significantly increased in preantral follicles with Vitrification treatment B compared to the control group. We conclude that both the Vitrification treatment A and Treatment C were the efficient vitrification treatment methods for the vitrification of ovine preantral follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S P Gupta
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India.
| | - Kalpana Kaushik
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - P Johnson
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - Kavya Krishna
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - S Nandi
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - S Mondal
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - J Nikhil Kumar Tej
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - B Somoskoi
- Dept. and Clinic of Obstetrics & Reproduction, University of Veterinary Science, Budapest, Hungary
| | - S Cseh
- Dept. and Clinic of Obstetrics & Reproduction, University of Veterinary Science, Budapest, Hungary
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36
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Combes AJ, Samad B, Tsui J, Chew NW, Yan P, Reeder GC, Kushnoor D, Shen A, Davidson B, Barczak AJ, Adkisson M, Edwards A, Naser M, Barry KC, Courau T, Hammoudi T, Argüello RJ, Rao AA, Olshen AB, Cai C, Zhan J, Davis KC, Kelley RK, Chapman JS, Atreya CE, Patel A, Daud AI, Ha P, Diaz AA, Kratz JR, Collisson EA, Fragiadakis GK, Erle DJ, Boissonnas A, Asthana S, Chan V, Krummel MF, Fong L, Nelson A, Kumar R, Lee J, Burra A, Hsu J, Hackett C, Tolentino K, Sjarif J, Johnson P, Shao E, Abrau D, Lupin L, Shaw C, Collins Z, Lea T, Corvera C, Nakakura E, Carnevale J, Alvarado M, Loo K, Chen L, Chow M, Grandis J, Ryan W, El-Sayed I, Jablons D, Woodard G, Meng MW, Porten SP, Okada H, Tempero M, Ko A, Kirkwood K, Vandenberg S, Guevarra D, Oropeza E, Cyr C, Glenn P, Bolen J, Morton A, Eckalbar W. Discovering dominant tumor immune archetypes in a pan-cancer census. Cell 2022; 185:184-203.e19. [PMID: 34963056 PMCID: PMC8862608 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cancers display significant heterogeneity with respect to tissue of origin, driver mutations, and other features of the surrounding tissue. It is likely that individual tumors engage common patterns of the immune system-here "archetypes"-creating prototypical non-destructive tumor immune microenvironments (TMEs) and modulating tumor-targeting. To discover the dominant immune system archetypes, the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Immunoprofiler Initiative (IPI) processed 364 individual tumors across 12 cancer types using standardized protocols. Computational clustering of flow cytometry and transcriptomic data obtained from cell sub-compartments uncovered dominant patterns of immune composition across cancers. These archetypes were profound insofar as they also differentiated tumors based upon unique immune and tumor gene-expression patterns. They also partitioned well-established classifications of tumor biology. The IPI resource provides a template for understanding cancer immunity as a collection of dominant patterns of immune organization and provides a rational path forward to learn how to modulate these to improve therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis J. Combes
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,Correspondence: and
| | - Bushra Samad
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jessica Tsui
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Nayvin W. Chew
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Peter Yan
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Gabriella C. Reeder
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Divyashree Kushnoor
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Alan Shen
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Brittany Davidson
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Andrea J. Barczak
- UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Michael Adkisson
- UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Austin Edwards
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Mohammad Naser
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Kevin C. Barry
- Translational Research Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tristan Courau
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Taymour Hammoudi
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Rafael J Argüello
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, FRANCE
| | - Arjun Arkal Rao
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Adam B. Olshen
- UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | | | - Cathy Cai
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jenny Zhan
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Katelyn C. Davis
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Robin K. Kelley
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jocelyn S. Chapman
- UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Chloe E. Atreya
- UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Amar Patel
- UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Adil I. Daud
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Patrick Ha
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Aaron A. Diaz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Johannes R. Kratz
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Eric A. Collisson
- UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Gabriela K Fragiadakis
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,Department of Medicine Division of Rheumatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - David J. Erle
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,Lung Biology Center, Department of Medicine and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Alexandre Boissonnas
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses - CIMI, Paris, France
| | - Saurabh Asthana
- UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Vincent Chan
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Matthew F. Krummel
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,Correspondence: and
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Means K, Townsend K, Johnson P. Multicavitary septic effusions associated with actinobacillosis in an adult Tennessee Walking Horse with weight loss. EQUINE VET EDUC 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.13549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Means
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery College of Veterinary Medicine University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA
| | - K. Townsend
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery College of Veterinary Medicine University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA
| | - P. Johnson
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery College of Veterinary Medicine University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA
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Kaushik K, Gupta P, Johnson P, Krishna K, Nandi S, Mondal S, Kumar Tej JN, Bence S, Cseh S. Effect of retinol in the vitrification medium on viability of vitrified ovine preantral follicles and expression of key developmental and apoptosis related genes. Cryo Letters 2022; 43:10-17. [PMID: 35315865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitrification increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidants in the vitrification solution may be beneficial by reducing excessive ROS production. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of retinol supplementation in vitrification solution on viability, apoptosis and development-related gene expression in vitrified sheep preantral follicles. MATERIALS AND METHODS Preantral follicles were isolated and randomly assigned into one of five groups: Group1, control fresh preantral follicles; Group 2, vitrification treatment; Group 3, vitrification + 2 μM retinol; Group 4, vitrification + 5 μM retinol; Group 5, vitrification + 10 μM retinol. Preantral follicles were placed in vitrification solutions and then plunged into liquid nitrogen (-196°C). After a week, the follicles were thawed and analyzed for follicular viability by trypan blue exclusion method and for gene expression. RESULTS Vitrification with 5 μM retinol positively affected viability in comparison with vitrification without retinol (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in viability among the Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 and Group 5. Expression of apoptotic genes BAX and Casp 3 were higher in the vitrified group, and vitrification with 5 μM retinol (Group 4) is comparable to the control fresh. Expressions of other apoptosis-related genes (i.e., BCL2L1, BAD and BAK) showed significant difference between the control fresh group and the vitrification group with 5 μM retinol. Expression of Annexin5 was also significantly different among various groups. The expression of development competence genes GDF-9 and BMP-15 were higher (P < 0.05) in the Group vitrified with 5 μM retinol. CONCLUSION The supplementation of 5 μM retinol in vitrification solution was beneficial for the vitrification of ovine preantral follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kaushik
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - Psp Gupta
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India.
| | - P Johnson
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - K Krishna
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - S Nandi
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - S Mondal
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - J N Kumar Tej
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - S Bence
- Department and Clinic of Obstetrics and Reproduction, University of Veterinary Science, Budapest, Hungary
| | - S Cseh
- Department and Clinic of Obstetrics and Reproduction, University of Veterinary Science, Budapest, Hungary
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Gupta PSP, Kaushik K, Krishna K, Nikhil Kumar Tej J, Nandi S, Mondal S, Johnson P. Regulatory role of Wnt signal in the estradiol synthesis of different size categories of ovarian follicles in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Reprod Domest Anim 2021; 57:368-380. [PMID: 34967467 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to understand the role of Wnt signal in ovarian estradiol synthesis in various size categories of ovarian follicles. A six- day cell culture system was adopted to test the effect of a Wnt inhibitor i.e. Inhibitor of Wnt response (IWR) on the ovarian granulosa cell estradiol synthesis and associated genes related to estradiol synthesis and Wnt signaling (CYP19A1, CCND2, WNT2, FZD6, DVL1, APC, AXIN2, CTNNB1) in buffalo. It was conducted with four groups: Group 1:control, Group 2: control + FSH, Group 3: IWR, Group 4:IWR + FSH. No significant effect of IWR was observed on the ovarian granulosa cell proliferation. No significant difference in the estradiol levels was found in the spent media harvested after six days of in vitro culture among different groups in small and large-sized ovarian follicles. However, the estradiol level varied significantly (P < 0.05) among different treatment groups in medium-sized follicles. The estradiol level was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in IWR group compared to the control group and was also significantly lower in IWR+FSH group compared to the FSH group. The Wnt inhibitor had significantly (P< 0.05) reduced the gene expression of CYP19A1 in large ovarian follicles. Varied effects of IWR-1 and FSH on the expression of other genes were observed. The results indicated that there is a positive role of Wnt signal in estradiol synthesis in buffalo but the positive role was more discernable in medium and large-sized follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S P Gupta
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - Kalpana Kaushik
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - Kavya Krishna
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - J Nikhil Kumar Tej
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - S Nandi
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - S Mondal
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - P Johnson
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
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Tsou B, Fliotsos M, Zafar S, Smith K, Johnson P, Schein O, Woreta F. 380 Evaluating the Use of Advanced Neuroimaging in the Emergency Department for Ocular Complaints. Ann Emerg Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2021.09.395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hutchings M, Mous R, Clausen MR, Johnson P, Linton KM, Chamuleau MED, Lewis DJ, Sureda Balari A, Cunningham D, Oliveri RS, Elliott B, DeMarco D, Azaryan A, Chiu C, Li T, Chen KM, Ahmadi T, Lugtenburg PJ. Dose escalation of subcutaneous epcoritamab in patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: an open-label, phase 1/2 study. Lancet 2021; 398:1157-1169. [PMID: 34508654 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(21)00889-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma have few treatment options. We aimed to establish the safety and recommended phase 2 dose of epcoritamab, a novel bispecific antibody that targets CD3 and CD20 and induces T-cell-mediated cytotoxic activity against CD20+ malignant B cells. METHODS For the dose-escalation part of this phase 1/2 study, we enrolled adults (aged ≥18 years) with relapsed or refractory CD20+ B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma at ten sites across four countries (Denmark, the Netherlands, the UK, and Spain). Eligible patients received priming and intermediate doses followed by full doses of subcutaneous epcoritamab administered in 28-day cycles; each subsequent cohort involved escalation of the priming, intermediate, or full dose (0·0128-60 mg). The primary objectives were to determine the maximum tolerated dose and the recommended phase 2 dose. Safety, antitumour activity, pharmacokinetics, and immune biomarkers were also assessed. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03625037, with the dose-expansion part ongoing. FINDINGS Between June 26, 2018, and July 14, 2020, we enrolled 73 patients with relapsed, progressive, or refractory CD20+ mature B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. 68 patients received escalating full doses (0·0128-60 mg) of subcutaneous epcoritamab. No dose-limiting toxic effects were observed, and the maximum tolerated dose was not reached; the full dose of 48 mg was identified as the recommended phase 2 dose. All 68 patients received at least one dose of epcoritamab and were included in safety analyses: common adverse events were pyrexia (47 patients [69%]), primarily associated with cytokine release syndrome (CRS; 40 [59%], all grade 1-2), and injection site reactions (32 [47%]; 31 grade 1). There were no grade 3 or higher CRS events. No discontinuations occurred due to treatment-related adverse events or treatment-related deaths. Overall response rate in patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was 68% (95% CI 45-86), with 45% achieving a complete response at full doses of 12-60 mg. At 48 mg, the overall response rate was 88% (47-100), with 38% achieving a complete response. Patients with relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma had an overall response rate of 90% (55-100), with 50% achieving a complete response at full doses of 0·76-48 mg. Epcoritamab induced robust and sustained B-cell depletion, and CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell activation and expansion, with modest increases in cytokine levels. INTERPRETATION Single-agent subcutaneous epcoritamab for treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma merits investigation in ongoing phase 2 and phase 3 studies. FUNDING Genmab and AbbVie.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rogier Mous
- Lunenburg Lymphoma Phase I/II Consortium-HOVON/LLPC, Universitair Medisch Centrum Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Peter Johnson
- Cancer Research UK, Cancer Services, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Kim M Linton
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Martine E D Chamuleau
- Lunenburg Lymphoma Phase I/II Consortium-HOVON/LLPC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Anna Sureda Balari
- Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospital Duran i Reynals, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Pieternella J Lugtenburg
- Lunenburg Lymphoma Phase I/II Consortium-HOVON/LLPC, Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Gupta P, Johnson P, Kaushik K, Krishna K, Nandi S, Mondal S, Nikhil Kumar Tej J, Somoskoi B, Cseh S. Effect of retinol as antioxidant on the post-thaw viability and the expression of apoptosis and developmental competence-related genes of vitrified preantral follicles in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Reprod Domest Anim 2021; 56:1446-1455. [PMID: 34449946 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the effect of supplementation of retinol in the vitrification solution on the viability, apoptosis and development-related gene expression in vitrified buffalo preantral follicles. Preantral follicles isolated from cortical slices of ovaries were randomly assigned into three groups: Group1-Control fresh preantral follicles; Group 2-Vitrification treatment (Vitrification solution 1 (VS1) -TCM-199 + 25 mM HEPES + Foetal bovine serum (FBS) 10%, Ethylene glycol (EG): 10%, Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO): 10%, Sucrose-0.3 M for 4 min; VS2- TCM-199 + 25 mM HEPES + FBS10%, EG:25%, DMSO: 25%, Sucrose:0.3 M for 45 s); Group3-vitrification treatment +5 μM of Retinol. Preantral follicles were placed in corresponding vitrification medium and plunged into liquid nitrogen (-196°C). After a week, the follicles were thawed and analysed for follicular viability and gene expression. There was no significant difference in the viability rates among the Group 1(Fresh preantral follicles) (91.46 ± 2.39%), Group 2 (89.59 ± 2.46%) and Group 3 (87.19 ± 4.05%). There was a significantly (p < .05) higher mRNA expression of BCL2L1, GDF-9 and BMP-15 in the vitrification + retinol group compared with the control group. There was a significantly (p < .05) higher expression of Caspase-3 and Annexin-5 in the vitrification group and Vitrification + retinol group compared with control group of follicles. It is concluded that the supplementation of 5 μM of Retinol in Vitrification solution was an efficient vitrification procedure for the vitrification of buffalo preantral follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Psp Gupta
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - P Johnson
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - K Kaushik
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - K Krishna
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - S Nandi
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - S Mondal
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - J Nikhil Kumar Tej
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - B Somoskoi
- Department and Clinic of Obstetrics & Reproduction, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - S Cseh
- Department and Clinic of Obstetrics & Reproduction, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
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Heward J, Konali L, D'Avola A, Close K, Yeomans A, Philpott M, Dunford J, Rahim T, Al Seraihi AF, Wang J, Korfi K, Araf S, Iqbal S, Bewicke-Copley F, Kumar E, Barisic D, Calaminici M, Clear A, Gribben J, Johnson P, Neve R, Cutillas P, Okosun J, Oppermann U, Melnick A, Packham G, Fitzgibbon J. KDM5 inhibition offers a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of KMT2D mutant lymphomas. Blood 2021; 138:370-381. [PMID: 33786580 PMCID: PMC8351530 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020008743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in KMT2D are a striking feature of germinal center (GC) lymphomas, resulting in decreased histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methylation and altered gene expression. We hypothesized that inhibition of the KDM5 family, which demethylates H3K4me3/me2, would reestablish H3K4 methylation and restore the expression of genes repressed on loss of KMT2D. KDM5 inhibition increased H3K4me3 levels and caused an antiproliferative response in vitro, which was markedly greater in both endogenous and gene-edited KMT2D mutant diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cell lines, whereas tumor growth was inhibited in KMT2D mutant xenografts in vivo. KDM5 inhibition reactivated both KMT2D-dependent and -independent genes, resulting in diminished B-cell signaling and altered expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) family members, including BCL2 itself. KDM5 inhibition may offer an effective therapeutic strategy for ameliorating KMT2D loss-of-function mutations in GC lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Heward
- Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lola Konali
- Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Annalisa D'Avola
- Cancer Research UK Centre, Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Karina Close
- Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Yeomans
- Cancer Research UK Centre, Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Philpott
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - James Dunford
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tahrima Rahim
- Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ahad F Al Seraihi
- Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jun Wang
- Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Koorosh Korfi
- Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shamzah Araf
- Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sameena Iqbal
- Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Findlay Bewicke-Copley
- Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emil Kumar
- Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Darko Barisic
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; and
| | - Maria Calaminici
- Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Clear
- Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Gribben
- Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Johnson
- Cancer Research UK Centre, Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Pedro Cutillas
- Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica Okosun
- Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Udo Oppermann
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ari Melnick
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; and
| | - Graham Packham
- Cancer Research UK Centre, Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jude Fitzgibbon
- Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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Rogasch JMM, Boellaard R, Pike L, Borchmann P, Johnson P, Wolf J, Barrington SF, Kobe C. Moving the goalposts while scoring-the dilemma posed by new PET technologies. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021; 48:2696-2710. [PMID: 33990846 PMCID: PMC8263433 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-021-05403-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julian M M Rogasch
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Ronald Boellaard
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lucy Pike
- King's College London and Guy's and St Thomas' PET Centre, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, King's Health Partners, London, UK
| | - Peter Borchmann
- German Hodgkin Study Group, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter Johnson
- Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Jürgen Wolf
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University Hospital Cologne and University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sally F Barrington
- King's College London and Guy's and St Thomas' PET Centre, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, King's Health Partners, London, UK
| | - Carsten Kobe
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
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Hutchings M, Mous R, Clausen MR, Johnson P, Linton KM, Chamuleau ME, Lewis DJ, Balari AS, Cunningham D, Oliveri RS, DeMarco D, Elliott B, Chen KM, Lugtenburg PJ. O17-1 Subcutaneous (SC) epcoritamab induces complete responses across R/R B-cell NHL subtypes: Updated dose-escalation data. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.05.546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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46
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Balasubramanian S, Wang S, Major C, Hodkinson B, Schaffer M, Sehn LH, Johnson P, Zinzani PL, Carey J, Shreeve SM, Sun S, Gerecitano J, Vermeulen J, Staudt LM, Wilson W. Comparison of immunohistochemistry and gene expression profiling subtyping for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the phase III clinical trial of R-CHOP ± ibrutinib. Br J Haematol 2021; 194:83-91. [PMID: 33942292 PMCID: PMC9969735 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We assessed the concordance between immunohistochemistry (IHC) and gene expression profiling (GEP) for determining diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cell of origin (COO) in the phase III PHOENIX trial of rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone (R-CHOP) with or without ibrutinib. Among 910 of 1114 screened patients with non-germinal centre B cell-like (non-GCB) DLBCL by IHC, the concordance with GEP for non-GCB calls was 82·7%, with 691 (75·9%) identified as activated B cell-like (ABC), and 62 (6·8%) as unclassified. Among 746 of 837 enrolled patients with verified non-GCB DLBCL by IHC, the concordance with GEP was 82·8%, with 567 (76·0%) identified as ABC and 51 (6·8%) unclassified; survival outcomes were similar regardless of COO or treatment, whereas among patients with ABC DLBCL aged <60 years, the overall and event-free survival were substantially better with ibrutinib versus placebo plus R-CHOP [hazard ratio (HR) 0·365, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·147-0·909, P = 0·0305; HR 0·561, 95% CI 0·326-0·967, P = 0·0348, respectively]. IHC and GEP showed high concordance and consistent survival outcomes among tested patients, indicating centralised IHC may be used to enrich populations for response to ibrutinib plus R-CHOP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Songbai Wang
- Clinical Oncology, Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ
| | - Christopher Major
- Oncology Translational Research, Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA, USA
| | - Brendan Hodkinson
- Oncology Translational Research, Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA, USA
| | - Michael Schaffer
- Oncology Translational Research, Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA, USA
| | - Laurie H. Sehn
- BC Cancer Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Peter Johnson
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Pier Luigi Zinzani
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna,Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Istituto di Ematologia “Serágnoli”, Diagnostica e Sperimentale Universitá degli Studi, Bologna, Italia
| | - Jodi Carey
- Clinical Oncology, Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA
| | | | - Steven Sun
- Clinical Oncology, Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ
| | - John Gerecitano
- Experimental Medicine and Early Development, Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ, USA
| | - Jessica Vermeulen
- Clinical Oncology, Janssen Research and Development, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Louis M. Staudt
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Wyndham Wilson
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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47
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Edeline J, Lamarca A, McNamara M, Jacobs T, Hubner R, Palmer D, Johnson P, Guiu B, Valle J. P-229 Systematic review and pooled analysis of locoregional therapies in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.05.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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48
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Abstract
The validation of diagnostic methods (and the subsequent results generated by a laboratory) are improved through participation in inter-laboratory comparisons (IC), such as proficiency-testing (PT) programmes and other exercises referred to as 'ring tests' or 'ring trials' (RTs). This is a requirement to comply with international quality standards. Validating a method is a continuous process and taking part in ongoing PT programmes supports the management of a method's life cycle, providing continuing assessment of fitness (sometimes referred to as the 'validation retention status'). Proficiency-testing panel designs ensure that the methods used, particularly diagnostic specificity and sensitivity, are suitably challenged. Appraising PT results over time can illustrate whether the laboratory's performance is stable, improving or worsening, and proficiency tests can also highlight variations in the performance of assays. The development of new proficiency tests can support the implementation of novel diagnostics technologies, such as whole genome sequencing and point-of-care testing, and assist in cross-sectoral partnerships focusing on One Health approaches, which are high on the agenda for infectious disease control. For example, the rapid design and distribution of emergency exempted assays for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) means that these assays were not as rigorously evaluated as assays for established infectious diseases. Therefore, participation in PT programmes for SARS-CoV-2 is essential to understand the performance of these assays. While other mechanisms help to underpin laboratory activities, PT has been, and should remain, an integral part of laboratory quality assurance. Resources must be directed towards increasing and improving the quality of PT (for example, availability and accessibility of suitable biological and reference materials are essential for a PT provider to execute its duties), to support established and novel methods such as genomic and point-of-care tests.
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49
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Hutchings M, Mous R, Clausen MR, Johnson P, Linton K, Lewis DJ, Chamuleau ME, Balari AS, Cunningham D, DeMarco D, Chen K, Elliott B, Lugtenburg P. SUBCUTANEOUS EPCORITAMAB IN PATIENTS WITH RELAPSED/REFRACTORY B‐CELL NON‐HODGKIN LYMPHOMA: SAFETY PROFILE AND ANTI‐TUMOR ACTIVITY. Hematol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.16_2879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Hutchings
- Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital Department of Hematology Copenhagen Denmark
| | - R Mous
- On behalf of the Lunenburg Lymphoma Phase I/II Consortium‐HOVON/LLPC Universitair Medisch Centrum Utrecht Department of Hematology Utrecht Netherlands
| | - M. R Clausen
- Vejle Hospital Department of Hematology Veile Denmark
| | - P Johnson
- Cancer Research UK, Cancer Services University of Southampton Department of Hematology Southampton UK
| | - K Linton
- Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust Division of Cancer Services Manchester UK
| | - D. J Lewis
- Plymouth University Medical School Department of Hematology Plymouth UK
| | - M. E.D Chamuleau
- On behalf of the Lunenburg Lymphoma Phase I/II Consortium‐HOVON/LLPC VU University Medical Center Department of Hematology Amsterdam Netherlands
| | - A. S Balari
- Institut Català d'Oncologia‐Hospital Duran i Reynals, Hospitalet del Llobregat Department of Hematology Barcelona Spain
| | - D Cunningham
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust Department of Hematology Sutton UK
| | - D DeMarco
- Genmab Clinical Research and Development Princeton, New Jersey USA
| | - K.‐M Chen
- Genmab Clinical Research and Development Princeton, New Jersey USA
| | - B Elliott
- Genmab Clinical Research and Development Princeton, New Jersey USA
| | - P Lugtenburg
- On behalf of the Lunenburg Lymphoma Phase I/II Consortium‐HOVON/LLPC Erasmus MC Cancer Institute Department of Hematology Rotterdam Netherlands
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50
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Booth S, Kirkwood A, Johnson P, Barrington S, Gallop‐Evans E, Peggs K, Warbey V, Burton C, Ardavan A, Phillips B, Lawrie E, Pike L, Northend M, Clifton‐Hadley L, Jenner R, Collins GP. ANIMATE: A PHASE II STUDY OF NIVOLUMAB IN TRANSPLANT ELIGIBLE PATIENTS WITH RELAPSED/REFRACTORY CLASSIC HODGKIN LYMPHOMA. Hematol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.159_2880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Booth
- Oxford University Hospitals Department of Haematology Oxford UK
| | - A. Kirkwood
- UCL Cancer Institute CR UK and UCL Cancer Trials Centre London UK
| | - P. Johnson
- University of Southampton Department of Medicine London UK
| | - S. Barrington
- King’s College London King’s College London and Guys’ & St Thomas PET Imaging Centre London UK
| | - E. Gallop‐Evans
- Velindre University NHS Trust Department of Oncology Cardiff UK
| | - K. Peggs
- University College London Hospitals Haematology London UK
| | - V. Warbey
- King’s College London King’s College London and Guys’ & St Thomas PET Imaging Centre London UK
| | - C. Burton
- Leeds Cancer Centre Haematology Leeds UK
| | - A. Ardavan
- University of Oxford Department of Physics Oxford UK
| | - B. Phillips
- University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Division of Cancer Science Manchester UK
| | - E. Lawrie
- UCL Cancer Institute CR UK and UCL Cancer Trials Centre London UK
| | - L. Pike
- King’s College London King’s College London and Guys’ & St Thomas PET Imaging Centre London UK
| | - M. Northend
- UCL Cancer Institute CR UK and UCL Cancer Trials Centre London UK
| | | | - R. Jenner
- UCL Cancer Institute CR UK and UCL Cancer Trials Centre London UK
| | - G. P. Collins
- Oxford University Hospitals Department of Haematology Oxford UK
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