1
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Kowalik P, Bujak P, Penkala M, Iuliano A, Wielgus I, Peret K, Pron A. Ag-In-Zn-S alloyed nanocrystals as photocatalysts of controlled light-mediated radical polymerization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4326-4329. [PMID: 38536064 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc06088h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
We report on the first case of the use of nonstoichiometric ternary (Ag-In-Zn-S) semiconductor nanocrystals as photoinitiators and photocatalysts of methyl methacrylate (MMA) polymerization. Two types of nanocrystals were tested, differing in their composition and characterized by red (λmax = 731 nm) and green (λmax = 528 nm) photoluminescence, respectively. Exploiting their reducing properties and capability of free radical generation we demonstrate that under ultraviolet (UV) radiation they effectively photoinitiate radical polymerization of MMA whereas under visible light (blue or green) they act as photocatalysts of living radical polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Kowalik
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Noakowskiego 3, Warsaw 00-664, Poland.
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Science, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw 01-224, Poland
| | - Piotr Bujak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Noakowskiego 3, Warsaw 00-664, Poland.
| | - Mateusz Penkala
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, Katowice 40-007, Poland
| | - Anna Iuliano
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Noakowskiego 3, Warsaw 00-664, Poland.
| | - Ireneusz Wielgus
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Noakowskiego 3, Warsaw 00-664, Poland.
| | - Karolina Peret
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Noakowskiego 3, Warsaw 00-664, Poland.
| | - Adam Pron
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Noakowskiego 3, Warsaw 00-664, Poland.
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2
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Kowalik P, Bujak P, Penkala M, Maroń AM, Ostrowski A, Kmita A, Gajewska M, Lisowski W, Sobczak JW, Pron A. Indium(II) Chloride as a Precursor in the Synthesis of Ternary (Ag-In-S) and Quaternary (Ag-In-Zn-S) Nanocrystals. Chem Mater 2022; 34:809-825. [PMID: 35095188 PMCID: PMC8794001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.1c03800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A new indium precursor, namely, indium(II) chloride, was tested as a precursor in the synthesis of ternary Ag-In-S and quaternary Ag-In-Zn-S nanocrystals. This new precursor, being in fact a dimer of Cl2In-InCl2 chemical structure, is significantly more reactive than InCl3, typically used in the preparation of these types of nanocrystals. This was evidenced by carrying out comparative syntheses under the same reaction conditions using these two indium precursors in combination with the same silver (AgNO3) and zinc (zinc stearate) precursors. In particular, the use of indium(II) chloride in combination with low concentrations of the zinc precursor yielded spherical-shaped (D = 3.7-6.2 nm) Ag-In-Zn-S nanocrystals, whereas for higher concentrations of this precursor, rodlike nanoparticles (L = 9-10 nm) were obtained. In all cases, the resulting nanocrystals were enriched in indium (In/Ag = 1.5-10.3). Enhanced indium precursor conversion and formation of anisotropic, longitudinal nanoparticles were closely related to the presence of thiocarboxylic acid type of ligands in the reaction mixture. These ligands were generated in situ and subsequently bound to surfacial In(III) cations in the growing nanocrystals. The use of the new precursor of enhanced reactivity facilitated precise tuning of the photoluminescence color of the resulting nanocrystals in the spectral range from ca. 730 to 530 nm with photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) varying from 20 to 40%. The fabricated Ag-In-S and Ag-In-Zn-S nanocrystals exhibited the longest, reported to date, photoluminescence lifetimes of ∼9.4 and ∼1.4 μs, respectively. It was also demonstrated for the first time that ternary (Ag-In-S) and quaternary (Ag-In-Zn-S) nanocrystals could be applied as efficient photocatalysts, active under visible light (green) illumination, in the reaction of aldehydes reduction to alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Kowalik
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1 Street, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Bujak
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Penkala
- Institute
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna M. Maroń
- Institute
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Andrzej Ostrowski
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Angelika Kmita
- Academic
Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marta Gajewska
- Academic
Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Wojciech Lisowski
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of
Science, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz W. Sobczak
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of
Science, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Pron
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
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3
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Pilch J, Kowalik P, Kowalczyk A, Bujak P, Kasprzak A, Paluszkiewicz E, Augustin E, Nowicka AM. Foliate-Targeting Quantum Dots- β-Cyclodextrin Nanocarrier for Efficient Delivery of Unsymmetrical Bisacridines to Lung and Prostate Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031261. [PMID: 35163186 PMCID: PMC8835877 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted drug delivery by nanocarriers molecules can increase the efficiency of cancer treatment. One of the targeting ligands is folic acid (FA), which has a high affinity for the folic acid receptors, which are overexpressed in many cancers. Herein, we describe the preparation of the nanoconjugates containing quantum dots (QDs) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) with foliate-targeting properties for the delivery of anticancer compound C-2028. C-2028 was bound to the nanoconjugate via an inclusion complex with β-CD. The effect of using FA in QDs-β-CD(C-2028)-FA nanoconjugates on cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, and the mechanism of internalization in cancer (H460, Du-145, and LNCaP) and normal (MRC-5 and PNT1A) cells was investigated. The QDs-β-CD(C-2028)-FA were characterized using DLS (dynamic light scattering), ZP (zeta potential), quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D), and UV-vis spectroscopy. The conjugation of C-2028 with non-toxic QDs or QDs-β-CD-FA did not change the cytotoxicity of this compound. Confocal microscopy studies proved that the use of FA in nanoconjugates significantly increased the amount of delivered compound, especially to cancer cells. QDgreen-β-CD(C-2028)-FA enters the cells through multiple endocytosis pathways in different levels, depending on the cell line. To conclude, the use of FA is a good self-navigating molecule in the QDs platform for drug delivery to cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Pilch
- Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland; (E.P.); (E.A.)
- Correspondence: (J.P.); (A.M.N.); Tel.: +48-58-347-12-97 (J.P.); +48-22-552-63-61 (A.M.N.)
| | - Patrycja Kowalik
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura Street 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (P.K.); (A.K.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego Street 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (P.B.); (A.K.)
| | - Agata Kowalczyk
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura Street 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (P.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Piotr Bujak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego Street 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (P.B.); (A.K.)
| | - Artur Kasprzak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego Street 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (P.B.); (A.K.)
| | - Ewa Paluszkiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland; (E.P.); (E.A.)
| | - Ewa Augustin
- Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland; (E.P.); (E.A.)
| | - Anna M. Nowicka
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura Street 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (P.K.); (A.K.)
- Correspondence: (J.P.); (A.M.N.); Tel.: +48-58-347-12-97 (J.P.); +48-22-552-63-61 (A.M.N.)
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4
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Kowalik P, Bujak P, Penkala M, Pron A. Organic-to-Aqueous Phase Transfer of Alloyed AgInS 2-ZnS Nanocrystals Using Simple Hydrophilic Ligands: Comparison of 11-Mercaptoundecanoic Acid, Dihydrolipoic Acid and Cysteine. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:nano11040843. [PMID: 33806242 PMCID: PMC8066034 DOI: 10.3390/nano11040843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The exchange of primary hydrophobic ligands for hydrophilic ones was studied for two types of alloyed AgInS2-ZnS nanocrystals differing in composition and by consequence exhibiting two different emission colors: red (R) and green (G). Three simple hydrophilic ligands were tested, namely, 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid, dihydrolipoic acid and cysteine. In all cases, stable aqueous colloidal dispersions were obtained. Detailed characterization of the nanocrystal surface before and after the ligand exchange by NMR spectroscopy unequivocally showed that the exchange process was the most efficient in the case of dihydrolipoic acid, leading to the complete removal of the primary ligands with a relatively small photoluminescence quantum yield drop from 68% to 40% for nanocrystals of the R type and from 48% to 28% for the G ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Kowalik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (P.K.); (A.P.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1 Str., PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Bujak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (P.K.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mateusz Penkala
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Adam Pron
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (P.K.); (A.P.)
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5
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Ruzycka-Ayoush M, Kowalik P, Kowalczyk A, Bujak P, Nowicka AM, Wojewodzka M, Kruszewski M, Grudzinski IP. Correction to: Quantum dots as targeted doxorubicin drug delivery nanosystems in human lung cancer cells. Cancer Nanotechnol 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s12645-021-00080-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
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6
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Pilch J, Kowalik P, Bujak P, Nowicka AM, Augustin E. Quantum Dots as a Good Carriers of Unsymmetrical Bisacridines for Modulating Cellular Uptake and the Biological Response in Lung and Colon Cancer Cells. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:462. [PMID: 33670297 PMCID: PMC7917955 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology-based drug delivery provides a promising area for improving the efficacy of cancer treatments. Therefore, we investigate the potential of using quantum dots (QDs) as drug carriers for antitumor unsymmetrical bisacridine derivatives (UAs) to cancer cells. We examine the influence of QD-UA hybrids on the cellular uptake, internalization (Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope), and the biological response (flow cytometry and light microscopy) in lung H460 and colon HCT116 cancer cells. We show the time-dependent cellular uptake of QD-UA hybrids, which were more efficiently retained inside the cells compared to UAs alone, especially in H460 cells, which could be due to multiple endocytosis pathways. In contrast, in HCT116 cells, the hybrids were taken up only by one endocytosis mechanism. Both UAs and their hybrids induced apoptosis in H460 and HCT116 cells (to a greater extent in H460). Cells which did not die underwent senescence more efficiently following QDs-UAs treatment, compared to UAs alone. Cellular senescence was not observed in HCT116 cells following treatment with both UAs and their hybrids. Importantly, QDgreen/red themselves did not provoke toxic responses in cancer or normal cells. In conclusion, QDs are good candidates for targeted UA delivery carriers to cancer cells while protecting normal cells from toxic drug activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Pilch
- Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza Str. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Patrycja Kowalik
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura Str. 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (P.K.); (A.M.N.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego Str. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Piotr Bujak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego Str. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Anna M. Nowicka
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura Str. 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (P.K.); (A.M.N.)
| | - Ewa Augustin
- Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza Str. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
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7
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Kowalik P, Mucha SG, Matczyszyn K, Bujak P, Mazur LM, Ostrowski A, Kmita A, Gajewska M, Pron A. Heterogeneity induced dual luminescence properties of AgInS 2 and AgInS 2–ZnS alloyed nanocrystals. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi00566a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the PL spectra of heterogeneous nanocrystals (In2S3–AgInS2 and In2S3–AgInS2–ZnS) two distinctly different peaks could be found at 430 and 710–515 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Kowalik
- Warsaw University of Technology
- Faculty of Chemistry
- 00-664 Warsaw
- Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry
| | - Sebastian G. Mucha
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C)
- UMR5221
- University of Montpellier
- CNRS
- 34095 Montpellier
| | - Katarzyna Matczyszyn
- Advanced Materials Engineering and Modelling Group
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
- 50-370 Wroclaw
- Poland
| | - Piotr Bujak
- Warsaw University of Technology
- Faculty of Chemistry
- 00-664 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - Leszek M. Mazur
- Advanced Materials Engineering and Modelling Group
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
- 50-370 Wroclaw
- Poland
| | - Andrzej Ostrowski
- Warsaw University of Technology
- Faculty of Chemistry
- 00-664 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - Angelika Kmita
- AGH University of Science and Technology
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology
- 30-059 Kraków
- Poland
| | - Marta Gajewska
- AGH University of Science and Technology
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology
- 30-059 Kraków
- Poland
| | - Adam Pron
- Warsaw University of Technology
- Faculty of Chemistry
- 00-664 Warsaw
- Poland
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8
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Kowalik P, Bujak P, Wróbel Z, Penkala M, Kotwica K, Maroń A, Pron A. From Red to Green Luminescence via Surface Functionalization. Effect of 2-(5-Mercaptothien-2-yl)-8-(thien-2-yl)-5-hexylthieno[3,4- c]pyrrole-4,6-dione Ligands on the Photoluminescence of Alloyed Ag-In-Zn-S Nanocrystals. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:14594-14604. [PMID: 32941018 PMCID: PMC7586334 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A semiconducting molecule containing a thiol anchor group, namely 2-(5-mercaptothien-2-yl)-8-(thien-2-yl)-5-hexylthieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione (abbreviated as D-A-D-SH), was designed, synthesized, and used as a ligand in nonstoichiometric quaternary nanocrystals of composition Ag1.0In3.1Zn1.0S4.0(S6.1) to give an inorganic/organic hybrid. Detailed NMR studies indicate that D-A-D-SH ligands are present in two coordination spheres in the organic part of the hybrid: (i) inner in which the ligand molecules form direct bonds with the nanocrystal surface and (ii) outer in which the ligand molecules do not form direct bonds with the inorganic core. Exchange of the initial ligands (stearic acid and 1-aminooctadecane) for D-A-D-SH induces a distinct change of the photoluminescence. Efficient red luminescence of nanocrystals capped with initial ligands (λmax = 720 nm, quantum yield = 67%) is totally quenched and green luminescence characteristic of the ligand appears (λmax = 508 nm, quantum yield = 10%). This change of the photoluminescence mechanism can be clarified by a combination of electrochemical and spectroscopic investigations. It can be demonstrated by cyclic voltammetry that new states appear in the hybrid as a consequence of D-A-D-SH binding to the nanocrystals surface. These states are located below the nanocrystal LUMO and above its HOMO, respectively. They are concurrent to deeper donor and acceptor states governing the red luminescence. As a result, energy transfer from the nanocrystal HOMO and LUMO levels to the ligand states takes place, leading to effective quenching of the red luminescence and appearance of the green one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Kowalik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.,Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1 Str., PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Bujak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Wróbel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Penkala
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Kamil Kotwica
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Maroń
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Adam Pron
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
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9
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Jaroch T, Maranda-Niedbała A, Krzyżewska K, Kotwica K, Bujak P, Skórka Ł, Zagórska M, Proń A, Nowakowski R. Self-Assembly Properties of Solution Processable, Electroactive Alkoxy, and Alkylthienylene Derivatives of Fused Benzoacridines: A Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Study. Langmuir 2020; 36:5417-5427. [PMID: 32340450 PMCID: PMC7588136 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Self-organization in mono- and bilayers on HOPG of two groups of benz[5,6]acridino[2,1,9,8-klmna]acridine derivatives, namely, 8,16-dialkoxybenzo[h]benz[5,6]acridino[2,1,9,8-klmna]acridines with an increasing alkoxy substituent length and 8,16-bis(3- or 4- or 5-octylthiophen-2-yl)benzo[h]benz[5,6]acridino[2,1,9,8-klmna]acridines, i.e., three positional isomers of the same benzoacridine, is investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy. The layers were deposited from a solution of the adsorbate (in hexane or dichloromethane) and imaged ex situ at molecular resolution. In all cases, the resulting two-dimensional (2D) supramolecular organization is governed by the interactions between large, fused heteroaromatic cores that form densely packed rows separated by areas covered by substituents. In 8,16-dialkoxybenzo[h]benz[5,6]acridino[2,1,9,8-klmna]acridines, the alkoxy substituents, separating the rows of densely packed cores, are interdigitated. An increasing substituent length leads to an intuitively expected increase in this 2D unit cell parameter that corresponds to the orientation of the substituent in the monolayer. In the case of 8,16-bis(3- or 4- or 5-octylthiophen-2-yl)benzo[h]benz[5,6]acridino[2,1,9,8-klmna]acridine positional isomers, the self-assembly processes are more complex. Although the determined 2D unit cell is in all cases essentially the same, the role of alkylthienylene substituents in layer formation is distinctly different. Thus, the formation of monolayers and bilayers is very sensitive to isomerism. 8,16-Bis(5-octylthiophen-2-yl)benzo[h]benz[5,6]acridino[2,1,9,8-klmna]acridine is capable of forming the most stable monolayer and the most labile bilayer. In the case of 8,16-bis(3-octylthiophen-2-yl)benzo[h]benz[5,6]acridino[2,1,9,8-klmna]acridine, an inverse phenomenon is observed leading to the most labile monolayer and the most stable bilayer. These differences are rationalized in terms of dissimilar molecular geometries of the studied isomers and different interdigitation patterns in their 2D supramolecular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Jaroch
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of
Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland
| | | | - Klaudyna Krzyżewska
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of
Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Kamil Kotwica
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of
Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland
- Warsaw
University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Piotr Bujak
- Warsaw
University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Łukasz Skórka
- Warsaw
University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Zagórska
- Warsaw
University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Adam Proń
- Warsaw
University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Robert Nowakowski
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of
Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland
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10
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Pilch J, Matysiak-Brynda E, Kowalczyk A, Bujak P, Mazerska Z, Nowicka AM, Augustin E. New Unsymmetrical Bisacridine Derivatives Noncovalently Attached to Quaternary Quantum Dots Improve Cancer Therapy by Enhancing Cytotoxicity toward Cancer Cells and Protecting Normal Cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:17276-17289. [PMID: 32208730 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c02621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The use of nanoparticles for the controlled drug delivery to cells has emerged as a good alternative to traditional systemic delivery. Quantum dots (QDs) offer potentially invaluable societal benefits such as drug targeting and in vivo biomedical imaging. In contrast, QDs may also pose risks to human health and the environment under certain conditions. Here, we demonstrated that a unique combination of nanocrystals core components (Ag-In-Zn-S) would eliminate the toxicity problem and increase their biomedical applications. The alloyed quaternary nanocrystals Ag-In-Zn-S (QDgreen, Ag1.0In1.2Zn5.6S9.4; QDred, Ag1.0In1.0Zn1.0S3.5) were used to transport new unsymmetrical bisacridine derivatives (UAs, C-2028 and C-2045) into lung H460 and colon HCT116 cancer cells for improving the cytotoxic and antitumor action of these compounds. UAs were coupled with QD through physical adsorption. The obtained results clearly indicate that the synthesized nanoconjugates exhibited higher cytotoxic activity than unbound compounds, especially toward lung H460 cancer cells. Importantly, unsymmetrical bisacridines noncovalently attached to QD strongly protect normal cells from the drug action. It is worth pointing out that QDgreen or QDred without UAs did not influence the growth of cancer and normal cells, which is consistent with in vivo results. In noncellular systems, at pH 5.5 and 4.0, which relates to the conditions of endosomes and lysosomes, the UAs were released from QD-UAs nanoconjugates. An increase of total lysosomes content was observed in H460 cells treated with QDs-UAs which can affect the release of the UAs from the conjugates. Moreover, confocal laser scanning microscopy analyses revealed that QD-UAs nanoconjugates enter H460 cells more efficiently than to HCT116 and normal cells, which may be the reason for their higher cytotoxicity against lung cancer. Summarizing, the noncovalent attachment of UAs to QDs increases the therapeutic efficiency of UAs by improving cytotoxicity toward lung H460 cancer cells and having protecting effects on normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Pilch
- Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza Str. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Edyta Matysiak-Brynda
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura Str. 1, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Kowalczyk
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura Str. 1, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Bujak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego Str. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zofia Mazerska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza Str. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna M Nowicka
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura Str. 1, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Augustin
- Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza Str. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
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11
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Sobiech M, Bujak P, Luliński P, Pron A. Semiconductor nanocrystal-polymer hybrid nanomaterials and their application in molecular imprinting. Nanoscale 2019; 11:12030-12074. [PMID: 31204762 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr02585e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are attractive semiconductor fluorescent nanomaterials with remarkable optical and electrical properties. The broad absorption spectra and high stability of QD transducers are advantageous for sensing and bioimaging. Molecular imprinting is a technique for manufacturing synthetic polymeric materials with a high recognition ability towards a target analyte. The high selectivity of the molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) is a result of the fabrication process based on the template-tailored polymerization of functional monomers. The three-dimensional cavities formed in the polymer network can serve as the recognition elements of sensors because of their specificity and stability. Appending specific molecularly imprinted layers to QDs is a promising strategy to enhance the stability, sensitivity, and selective fluorescence response of the resulting sensors. By merging the benefits of MIPs and QDs, inventive optical sensors are constructed. In this review, the recent synthetic strategies used for the fabrication of QD nanocrystals emphasizing various approaches to effective functionalization in aqueous environments are discussed followed by a detailed presentation of current advances in QD conjugated MIPs (MIP-QDs). Frontiers in manufacturing of specific imprinted layers of these nanomaterials are presented and factors affecting the specific behaviour of an MIP shell are identified. Finally, current limitations of MIP-QDs are defined and prospects are outlined to amplify the capability of MIP-QDs in future sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Sobiech
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Bujak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Piotr Luliński
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Pron
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
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12
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Bujak P, Wróbel Z, Penkala M, Kotwica K, Kmita A, Gajewska M, Ostrowski A, Kowalik P, Pron A. Highly Luminescent Ag–In–Zn–S Quaternary Nanocrystals: Growth Mechanism and Surface Chemistry Elucidation. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:1358-1370. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Bujak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Wróbel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Penkala
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Kamil Kotwica
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Angelika Kmita
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Gajewska
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Andrzej Ostrowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Patrycja Kowalik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1 Str., PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Pron
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
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13
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Matysiak-Brynda E, Bujak P, Augustin E, Kowalczyk A, Mazerska Z, Pron A, Nowicka AM. Stable nanoconjugates of transferrin with alloyed quaternary nanocrystals Ag-In-Zn-S as a biological entity for tumor recognition. Nanoscale 2018; 10:1286-1296. [PMID: 29293251 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr07819f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
One way to limit the negative effects of anti-tumor drugs on healthy cells is targeted therapy employing functionalized drug carriers. Here we present a biocompatible and stable nanoconjugate of transferrin anchored to Ag-In-Zn-S quantum dots modified with 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (Tf-QD) as a drug carrier versus typical anticancer drug, doxorubicin. Detailed investigations of Tf-QD nanoconjugates without and with doxorubicin by fluorescence studies and cytotoxic measurements showed that the biological activity of both the transferrin and doxorubicin was fully retained in the nanoconjugate. In particular, the intercalation capabilities of free doxorubicin versus ctDNA remained essentially intact upon its binding to the nanoconjugate. In order to evaluate these capabilities, we studied the binding constant of doxorubicin attached to Tf-QDs with ctDNA as well as the binding site size on the ctDNA molecule. The binding constant slightly decreased compared to that of free doxorubicin while the binding site size, describing the number of consecutive DNA lattice residues involved in the binding, increased. It was also demonstrated that the QDs alone and in the form of a nanoconjugate with Tf were not cytotoxic towards human non-small cell lung carcinoma (H460 cell line) and the tumor cell sensitivity of the DOX-Tf-QD nanoconjugate was comparable to that of doxorubicin alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Matysiak-Brynda
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1 Str., PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
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14
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Gabka G, Bujak P, Żukrowski J, Zabost D, Kotwica K, Malinowska K, Ostrowski A, Wielgus I, Lisowski W, Sobczak JW, Przybylski M, Pron A. Non-injection synthesis of monodisperse Cu-Fe-S nanocrystals and their size dependent properties. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 18:15091-101. [PMID: 27197089 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp01887d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
It is demonstrated that ternary Cu-Fe-S nanocrystals differing in composition (from Cu-rich to Fe-rich), structure (chalcopyrite or high bornite) and size can be obtained from a mixture of CuCl, FeCl3, thiourea and oleic acid (OA) in oleylamine (OLA) using the heating up procedure. This new preparation method yields the smallest Cu-Fe-S nanocrystals ever reported to date (1.5 nm for the high bornite structure and 2.7 nm for the chalcopyrite structure). A comparative study of nanocrystals of the same composition (Cu1.6Fe1.0S2.0) but different in size (2.7 nm and 9.3 nm) revealed a pronounced quantum confinement effect, confirmed by three different techniques: UV-vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The optical band gap increased from 0.60 eV in the bulk material to 0.69 eV in the nanocrystals of 9.3 nm size and to 1.39 eV in nanocrystals of 2.7 nm size. The same trend was observed in the electrochemical band gaps, derived from cyclic voltammetry studies (band gaps of 0.74 eV and 1.54 eV). The quantum effect was also manifested in Mössbauer spectroscopy by an abrupt change in the spectrum from a quadrupole doublet to a Zeeman sextet below 10 K, which could be interpreted in terms of the well defined energy states in these nanoparticles, resulting from quantum confinement. The Mössbauer spectroscopic data confirmed, in addition to the results of XPS spectroscopy, the co-existence of Fe(iii) and Fe(ii) in the synthesized nanocrystals. The organic shell composition was investigated by NMR (after dissolution of the inorganic core) and IR spectroscopy. Both methods identified oleylamine (OLA) and 1-octadecene (ODE) as surfacial ligands, the latter being formed in situ via an elimination-hydrogenation reaction occurring between OLA and the nanocrystal surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Gabka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Piotr Bujak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jan Żukrowski
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Damian Zabost
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Kamil Kotwica
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Karolina Malinowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Ostrowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Ireneusz Wielgus
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Lisowski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Science, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz W Sobczak
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Science, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Przybylski
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Kraków, Poland and Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Adam Pron
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
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15
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Gabka G, Zybała R, Bujak P, Ostrowski A, Chmielewski M, Lisowski W, Sobczak JW, Pron A. Facile Gram-Scale Synthesis of the First n-Type CuFeS2
Nanocrystals for Thermoelectric Applications. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Gabka
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Rafał Zybała
- Faculty of Materials Science Engineering; Warsaw University of Technology; Wołoska 141 02-507 Warsaw Poland
| | - Piotr Bujak
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Andrzej Ostrowski
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Marcin Chmielewski
- Institute of Electronic Materials Technology; Wolczyńska 133 01-919 Warsaw Poland
| | - Wojciech Lisowski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; Polish Academy of Science; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Janusz W. Sobczak
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; Polish Academy of Science; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Adam Pron
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
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16
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Gabka G, Bujak P, Kotwica K, Ostrowski A, Lisowski W, Sobczak JW, Pron A. Luminophores of tunable colors from ternary Ag–In–S and quaternary Ag–In–Zn–S nanocrystals covering the visible to near-infrared spectral range. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:1217-1228. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp07008f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report an efficient synthesis of Ag–In–S and Ag–In–Zn–S nanocrystals with strong photoluminescence (QY = 59%) in the visible to near-infrared range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Gabka
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Warsaw University of Technology
- 00-664 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - Piotr Bujak
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Warsaw University of Technology
- 00-664 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - Kamil Kotwica
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Warsaw University of Technology
- 00-664 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - Andrzej Ostrowski
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Warsaw University of Technology
- 00-664 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - Wojciech Lisowski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry
- Polish Academy of Science
- 01-224 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - Janusz W. Sobczak
- Institute of Physical Chemistry
- Polish Academy of Science
- 01-224 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - Adam Pron
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Warsaw University of Technology
- 00-664 Warsaw
- Poland
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17
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Gabka G, Bujak P, Ostrowski A, Tomaszewski W, Lisowski W, Sobczak JW, Pron A. Cu–Fe–S Nanocrystals Exhibiting Tunable Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance in the Visible to NIR Spectral Ranges. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:6660-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Gabka
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Bujak
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Ostrowski
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Waldemar Tomaszewski
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Lisowski
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Science, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz W. Sobczak
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Science, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Pron
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
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18
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Kotwica K, Bujak P, Data P, Krzywiec W, Wamil D, Gunka PA, Skorka L, Jaroch T, Nowakowski R, Pron A, Monkman A. Soluble Flavanthrone Derivatives: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application to Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. Chemistry 2016; 22:7978-86. [PMID: 27106658 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Simple modification of benzo[h]benz[5,6]acridino[2,1,9,8-klmna]acridine-8,16-dione, an old and almost-forgotten vat dye, by reduction of its carbonyl groups and subsequent O-alkylation, yields solution-processable, electroactive, conjugated compounds of the periazaacene type, suitable for the use in organic electronics. Their electrochemically determined ionization potential and electron affinity of about 5.2 and -3.2 eV, respectively, are essentially independent of the length of the alkoxyl substituent and in good agreement with DFT calculations. The crystal structure of 8,16-dioctyloxybenzo[h]benz[5,6]acridino[2,1,9,8-klmna]acridine (FC-8), the most promising compound, was solved. It crystallizes in space group P1‾ and forms π-stacked columns held together in the 3D structure by dispersion forces, mainly between interdigitated alkyl chains. Molecules of FC-8 have a strong tendency to self-organize in monolayers deposited on a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite surface, as observed by STM. 8,16-Dialkoxybenzo[h]benz[5,6]acridino[2,1,9,8-klmna]acridines are highly luminescent, and all have photoluminescence quantum yields of about 80 %. They show efficient electroluminescence, and can be used as guest molecules with a 4,4'-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1'-biphenyl host in guest/host-type organic light-emitting diodes. The best fabricated diodes showed a luminance of about 1900 cd m(-12) , a luminance efficiency of about 3 cd A(-1) , and external quantum efficiencies exceeding 0.9 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Kotwica
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Bujak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Przemyslaw Data
- Physics Department, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.,Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Wojciech Krzywiec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Damian Wamil
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr A Gunka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lukasz Skorka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Jaroch
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Science, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Robert Nowakowski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Science, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Pron
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrew Monkman
- Physics Department, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.
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19
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Kotwica K, Bujak P, Wamil D, Materna M, Skorka L, Gunka PA, Nowakowski R, Golec B, Luszczynska B, Zagorska M, Pron A. Indanthrone dye revisited after sixty years. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:11543-6. [PMID: 25133516 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc04778h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Indanthrone, an old, insoluble dye can be converted into a solution processable, self-assembling and electroluminescent organic semiconductor, namely tetraoctyloxydinaptho[2,3-a:2',3'-h]phenazine (P-C8), in a simple one-pot process consisting of the reduction of the carbonyl group by sodium dithionite followed by the substitution with solubility inducing groups under phase transfer catalysis conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Kotwica
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
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20
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Gabka G, Bujak P, Gryszel M, Ostrowski A, Malinowska K, Zukowska GZ, Agnese F, Pron A, Reiss P. Synthesis and surface chemistry of high quality wurtzite and kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 nanocrystals using tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate as a new tin source. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:12985-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc04151a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel synthesis method for the preparation of Cu2ZnSnS4 nanocrystals is presented using a liquid precursor of tin, namely tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate, which yields small and nearly monodisperse NCs either in the kesterite or in the wurtzite phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Gabka
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Warsaw University of Technology
- Poland
| | - Piotr Bujak
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Warsaw University of Technology
- Poland
| | - Maciej Gryszel
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Warsaw University of Technology
- Poland
| | | | | | | | - Fabio Agnese
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes
- 38000 Grenoble
- France
- CEA-INAC-SP2M
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Matériaux par Microscopie Avancée
| | - Adam Pron
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Warsaw University of Technology
- Poland
| | - Peter Reiss
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes
- 38000 Grenoble
- France
- CEA-INAC-SPrAM
- Laboratoire d'Electronique Moléculaire
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21
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Gabka G, Bujak P, Giedyk K, Ostrowski A, Malinowska K, Herbich J, Golec B, Wielgus I, Pron A. A Simple Route to Alloyed Quaternary Nanocrystals Ag–In–Zn–S with Shape and Size Control. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:5002-12. [DOI: 10.1021/ic500046m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Gabka
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Bujak
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamila Giedyk
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Ostrowski
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Malinowska
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Herbich
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Golec
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ireneusz Wielgus
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Pron
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
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22
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Gabka G, Bujak P, Giedyk K, Kotwica K, Ostrowski A, Malinowska K, Lisowski W, Sobczak JW, Pron A. Ligand exchange in quaternary alloyed nanocrystals – a spectroscopic study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:23082-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp03850a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Detailed NMR and XPS studies of the exchange of initial ligands for pyridine in quaternary nanocrystals enabled us to demonstrate, for the first time, direct binding of this labile ligand to the nanocrystal surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Gabka
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Warsaw University of Technology
- 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Bujak
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Warsaw University of Technology
- 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamila Giedyk
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Warsaw University of Technology
- 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamil Kotwica
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Warsaw University of Technology
- 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Ostrowski
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Warsaw University of Technology
- 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Wojciech Lisowski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry
- Polish Academy of Science
- 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz W. Sobczak
- Institute of Physical Chemistry
- Polish Academy of Science
- 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Pron
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Warsaw University of Technology
- 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
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23
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Wojnarowska Z, Grzybowska K, Hawelek L, Dulski M, Wrzalik R, Gruszka I, Paluch M, Pienkowska K, Sawicki W, Bujak P, Paluch KJ, Tajber L, Markowski J. Molecular Dynamics, Physical Stability and Solubility Advantage from Amorphous Indapamide Drug. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:3612-27. [DOI: 10.1021/mp400116q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Z. Wojnarowska
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, ul. Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - K. Grzybowska
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, ul. Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - L. Hawelek
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, ul. Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
- Institute of Non-Ferrous Metals, ul. Sowinskiego 5, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - M. Dulski
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, ul. Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - R. Wrzalik
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, ul. Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - I. Gruszka
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, ul. Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - M. Paluch
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, ul. Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
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24
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Abstract
This critical review is devoted to semiconducting and high spin polymers which are of great scientific interest in view of further development of the organic electronics and the emerging organic spintronic fields. Diversified synthetic strategies are discussed in detail leading to high molecular mass compounds showing appropriate redox (ionization potential (IP), electron affinity (EA)), electronic (charge carrier mobility, conductivity), optoelectronic (electroluminescence, photoconductivity) and magnetic (magnetization, ferromagnetic spin interactions) properties and used as active components of devices such as n- and p-channel field effect transistors, ambipolar light emitting transistors, light emitting diodes, photovoltaic cells, photodiodes, magnetic photoswitches, etc. Solution processing procedures developed with the goal of depositing highly ordered and oriented films of these polymers are also described. This is completed by the description of principal methods that are used for characterizing these macromolecular compounds both in solution and in the solid state. These involve various spectroscopic methods (UV-vis-NIR, UPS, pulse EPR), electrochemistry and spectroelectrochemistry, magnetic measurements (SQUID), and structural and morphological investigations (X-ray diffraction, STM, AFM). Finally, four classes of polymers are discussed in detail with special emphasis on the results obtained in the past three years: (i) high IP, (ii) high |EA|, (iii) low band gap and (iv) high spin ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Bujak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
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25
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Krompiec S, Bujak P, Malarz J, Krompiec M, Skórka Ł, Pluta T, Danikiewicz W, Kania M, Kusz J. An isomerization—1,3-dipolar cycloaddition tandem reaction towards the synthesis of 3-aryl-4-methyl-5-O-substituted isoxazolines from O-allyl compounds. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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26
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Wojnarowska Z, Grzybowska K, Hawelek L, Swiety-Pospiech A, Masiewicz E, Paluch M, Sawicki W, Chmielewska A, Bujak P, Markowski J. Molecular dynamics studies on the water mixtures of pharmaceutically important ionic liquid lidocaine HCl. Mol Pharm 2012; 9:1250-61. [PMID: 22424553 DOI: 10.1021/mp2005609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this paper the molecular dynamics of a common local-anesthetic drug, lidocaine hydrochloride (LD-HCl), and its water mixtures were investigated. By means of broadband dielectric spectroscopy and calorimetric measurements it was shown that even a small addition of water causes a significant effect on the relaxation dynamics of analyzed protic ionic liquid. Apart from the two well-resolved relaxations (σ- and γ-processes) and the β-mode, identified as the JG-process, observed for anhydrous LD-HCl, a new relaxation peak (υ) is visible in the dielectric spectra of aqueous mixtures of this drug. Additionally, the significant effect of the water on the glass transition temperature of LD-HCl was found. The sample characterized with mole fraction of water X(w) = 0.44 reveals the glass transition temperature T(g), 42 K lower than that of anhydrous material (307 K). Finally, it was shown that by amorphization of the hydrochloride salt of lidocaine it is possible to obtain its room temperature ionic liquid form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Wojnarowska
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, ul Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland.
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27
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Wojnarowska Z, Paluch M, Wlodarczyk P, Hawelek L, Wrzalik R, Zioło J, Wygledowska-Kania M, Bergler-Czop B, Brzezinska-Wcislo L, Bujak P. Nanoscale domains with nematic order in supercooled vitamin-A acetate: molecular dynamics studies. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2011; 83:051502. [PMID: 21728535 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.83.051502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2010] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin-A acetate is one of the most versatile vitamins. It is applied in medicine because of its antioxidative properties, in tumor therapy because of its cytostatic activity, and in cosmetics because of its nutritional additives. Herein, using broadband dielectric spectroscopy, the molecular dynamics of supercooled and glassy vitamin-A acetate was investigated. It was shown that dielectric measurements carried out at ambient and elevated pressures reveal a number of relaxation processes associated with different types of molecular motions: α, δ, and ν processes-observed above the glass transition temperature and the next two modes: β and γ identified in the glassy state. The occurrence of the δ mode in the dielectric spectrum may imply the existence of nanoscale domains with nematic order. This hypothesis is further checked by atomic force microscopy measurements. Finally, we have determined the value of the glass transition temperature (T(g)) as well as the steepness index (m(P)) at various T-P conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Wojnarowska
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
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28
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Bujak P, Krompiec S, Malarz J, Krompiec M, Filapek M, Danikiewicz W, Kania M, Gębarowska K, Grudzka I. Synthesis of 5-aminoisoxazolines from N-allyl compounds and nitrile oxides via tandem isomerization-1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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29
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Matlengiewicz M, Pasich M, Bujak P, Henzel N. Microstructure Analysis of Acrylate-Methacrylate Copolymers by13C NMR Spectroscopy. International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10236660903289581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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30
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Bujak P, Henzel N, Matlengiewicz M. Microstructure Study of Methyl Methacrylate/n-Butyl Acrylate Copolymer by13C NMR Spectroscopy. International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10236660802070561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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31
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Bujak P, Henzel N, Matlengiewicz M. Microstructure Study of Poly(tert-butyl acrylate) by13C NMR Spectroscopy. International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10236660701635936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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32
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Bujak P, Matlengiewicz M, Henzel N. Incremental Calculation of Sequence Distribution of Poly(Butyl Acrylate). International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10236660601136233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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33
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Pobozniak M, Bujak P, Rataj S. The occurrence and composition of thrips (Thysanoptera) species on leek. Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci 2006; 71:585-90. [PMID: 17385528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present research work was to investigate the population density and species composition of thrips infesting crops of leek in south Poland. The flight activity of thrips was monitored using blue sticky traps and plant samples were taken to record the number of adult and larvae of thrips on leek. In 2004, the thrips were caught into blue sticky traps from the middle of June to the end of second decade of October. The first peak flight activity was noticed on the beginning of the third decade of July. The next peak flight activity was recorded in the middle and at the end of August. In 2004 the rapid growth of the numerousness of adult thrips was recorded at the third decade of September. The evident growth of the number of the adult thrips was continued until the third decade of October. Thrips larvae were observed from the second decade of September to the third decade of October. In 2005 the highest number of adult thrips on both cultivars was noticed at the third decade of July and this corresponded to a period of intensive flight activity. 2004, the most numerous species was Thrips tabaci Lindeman, which amounted to the 98.5% of the total number of collected thrips. The second most numerous species was Frankliniella intonsa Trybom (1.1%). In 2005, the most dominant was Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom) (78.3%). The percentage participation of Thrips tabaci Lindeman was 9.8%.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pobozniak
- Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural University Al. 29 Listopada 54, PL-31-425 Cracow, Poland
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