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Langley B, Halloran PR, Power A, Rickaby REM, Chana P, Diver P, Thornalley D, Hacker C, Love J. A new method for isolating and analysing coccospheres within sediment. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20727. [PMID: 33244023 PMCID: PMC7692543 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77473-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Size is a fundamental cellular trait that is important in determining phytoplankton physiological and ecological processes. Fossil coccospheres, the external calcite structure produced by the excretion of interlocking plates by the phytoplankton coccolithophores, can provide a rare window into cell size in the past. Coccospheres are delicate however and are therefore poorly preserved in sediment. We demonstrate a novel technique combining imaging flow cytometry and cross-polarised light (ISX+PL) to rapidly and reliably visually isolate and quantify the morphological characteristics of coccospheres from marine sediment by exploiting their unique optical and morphological properties. Imaging flow cytometry combines the morphological information provided by microscopy with high sample numbers associated with flow cytometry. High throughput imaging overcomes the constraints of labour-intensive manual microscopy and allows statistically robust analysis of morphological features and coccosphere concentration despite low coccosphere concentrations in sediments. Applying this technique to the fine-fraction of sediments, hundreds of coccospheres can be visually isolated quickly with minimal sample preparation. This approach has the potential to enable rapid processing of down-core sediment records and/or high spatial coverage from surface sediments and may prove valuable in investigating the interplay between climate change and coccolithophore physiological/ecological response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Langley
- Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4RJ, UK
| | - Paul R Halloran
- Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4RJ, UK.
| | - Ann Power
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Rosalind E M Rickaby
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3AN, UK
| | - Prabhjoat Chana
- Luminex B.V., Het Zuiderkruis 1, 5215 MV, 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
| | - Poppy Diver
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3AN, UK
| | - David Thornalley
- Department of Geography, University College London, London, WC1H 9LG, UK
| | - Christian Hacker
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - John Love
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
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Nova-Lamperti E, Fanelli G, Becker PD, Chana P, Elgueta R, Dodd PC, Lord GM, Lombardi G, Hernandez-Fuentes MP. IL-10-produced by human transitional B-cells down-regulates CD86 expression on B-cells leading to inhibition of CD4+T-cell responses. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20044. [PMID: 26795594 PMCID: PMC4726240 DOI: 10.1038/srep20044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel subset of human regulatory B-cells has recently been described. They arise from within the transitional B-cell subpopulation and are characterised by the production of IL-10. They appear to be of significant importance in regulating T-cell immunity in vivo. Despite this important function, the molecular mechanisms by which they control T-cell activation are incompletely defined. Here we show that transitional B-cells produced more IL-10 and expressed higher levels of IL-10 receptor after CD40 engagement compared to other B-cell subsets. Furthermore, under this stimulatory condition, CD86 expressed by transitional B-cells was down regulated and T-cell proliferation was reduced. We provide evidence to demonstrate that the down-regulation of CD86 expression by transitional B-cells was due to the autocrine effect of IL-10, which in turn leads to decreased T-cell proliferation and TNF-α production. This analysis was further extended to peripheral B-cells in kidney transplant recipients. We observed that B-cells from patients tolerant to the graft maintained higher IL-10 production after CD40 ligation, which correlates with lower CD86 expression compared to patients with chronic rejection. Hence, the results obtained in this study shed light on a new alternative mechanism by which transitional B-cells inhibit T-cell proliferation and cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giorgia Fanelli
- King's College London, MRC Centre for Transplantation, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pablo D Becker
- King's College London, MRC Centre for Transplantation, London, United Kingdom
| | - Prabhjoat Chana
- BRC Flow Cytometry Laboratory, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Raul Elgueta
- King's College London, MRC Centre for Transplantation, London, United Kingdom
| | - Philippa C Dodd
- King's College London, MRC Centre for Transplantation, London, United Kingdom
| | - Graham M Lord
- King's College London, MRC Centre for Transplantation, London, United Kingdom.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giovanna Lombardi
- King's College London, MRC Centre for Transplantation, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria P Hernandez-Fuentes
- King's College London, MRC Centre for Transplantation, London, United Kingdom.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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Nedbal J, Visitkul V, Ortiz-Zapater E, Weitsman G, Chana P, Matthews DR, Ng T, Ameer-Beg SM. Time-domain microfluidic fluorescence lifetime flow cytometry for high-throughput Förster resonance energy transfer screening. Cytometry A 2015; 87:104-18. [PMID: 25523156 PMCID: PMC4440390 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Sensing ion or ligand concentrations, physico-chemical conditions, and molecular dimerization or conformation change is possible by assays involving fluorescent lifetime imaging. The inherent low throughput of imaging impedes rigorous statistical data analysis on large cell numbers. We address this limitation by developing a fluorescence lifetime-measuring flow cytometer for fast fluorescence lifetime quantification in living or fixed cell populations. The instrument combines a time-correlated single photon counting epifluorescent microscope with microfluidics cell-handling system. The associated computer software performs burst integrated fluorescence lifetime analysis to assign fluorescence lifetime, intensity, and burst duration to each passing cell. The maximum safe throughput of the instrument reaches 3,000 particles per minute. Living cells expressing spectroscopic rulers of varying peptide lengths were distinguishable by Förster resonant energy transfer measured by donor fluorescence lifetime. An epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulation assay demonstrated the technique's capacity to selectively quantify EGF receptor phosphorylation in cells, which was impossible by measuring sensitized emission on a standard flow cytometer. Dual-color fluorescence lifetime detection and cell-specific chemical environment sensing were exemplified using di-4-ANEPPDHQ, a lipophilic environmentally sensitive dye that exhibits changes in its fluorescence lifetime as a function of membrane lipid order. To our knowledge, this instrument opens new applications in flow cytometry which were unavailable due to technological limitations of previously reported fluorescent lifetime flow cytometers. The presented technique is sensitive to lifetimes of most popular fluorophores in the 0.5-5 ns range including fluorescent proteins and is capable of detecting multi-exponential fluorescence lifetime decays. This instrument vastly enhances the throughput of experiments involving fluorescence lifetime measurements, thereby providing statistically significant quantitative data for analysis of large cell populations. © 2014 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Nedbal
- Division of Cancer Studies, King's College LondonUnited Kingdom
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College LondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Viput Visitkul
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College LondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Elena Ortiz-Zapater
- Division of Asthma, Allergy & Lung Biology, King's College LondonUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Prabhjoat Chana
- Immune Monitoring Laboratory, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College LondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Daniel R Matthews
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of QueenslandSt Lucia, Australia
| | - Tony Ng
- Division of Cancer Studies, King's College LondonUnited Kingdom
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College LondonUnited Kingdom
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College LondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Simon M Ameer-Beg
- Division of Cancer Studies, King's College LondonUnited Kingdom
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College LondonUnited Kingdom
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Abstract
We describe a rare case of a leiomyosarcoma in the inguinal canal in a patient presenting clinically with an inguinal hernia. The clinical details, histological findings and surgical management are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Patel
- Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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Blencowe NS, Chana P, Whistance RN, Stevens D, Wong NACS, Falk SJ, Blazeby JM. Outcome Reporting in Neoadjuvant Surgical Trials: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Proposals for New Standards. J Natl Cancer Inst 2014; 106:dju217. [DOI: 10.1093/jnci/dju217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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Pardoi Camps F, García Carrión C, Beneit Montesinos J, Lázaro Martínez. J, Gomez F, Valero R, Chana P. Efficacy of a platelet-rich plasma treatment in subjects with plantar fasciosis. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2014.03.711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Valero R, Atín M, Ballestero R, Martin P, Gomez F, Gómez S, Chana P. Effectiveness of exercise to reduce falls and injuries in elderly people. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2014.03.552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Gatto E, Chana P, Etcheverry JL, Gallin E, Miranda M, Parisi V, Sanguinetti A, Rodriguez Violante M, Litvan I. Pan-American Consortium of Multiple System Atrophy. Preliminary Report (P06.079). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p06.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Chana P, Chadwick MA, Pullyblank AM. Achieving abdominal closure following emergency laparotomy in patients with connective tissue disorders. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2012. [PMID: 22507734 DOI: 10.1308/003588412x13171221589694d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P Chana
- Frenchay Hospital, Bristol, UK.
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Chana P, Chadwick MA, Pullyblank AM. Achieving abdominal closure following emergency laparotomy in patients with connective tissue disorders. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2012; 94:212-3. [DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2012.94.3.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P Chana
- Frenchay Hospital Bristol, UK
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Filby A, Perucha E, Summers H, Rees P, Chana P, Heck S, Lord GM, Davies D. An imaging flow cytometric method for measuring cell division history and molecular symmetry during mitosis. Cytometry A 2011; 79:496-506. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.21091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2011] [Revised: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 05/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Dong R, Moulding D, Himoudi N, Adams S, Bouma G, Eddaoudi A, Basu BP, Derniame S, Chana P, Duncan A, Anderson J. Cells with dendritic cell morphology and immunophenotype, binuclear morphology, and immunosuppressive function in dendritic cell cultures. Cell Immunol 2011; 272:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2011.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2011] [Revised: 09/13/2011] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Chana P, Ktori E, Nowicki M, Best J, Herbert A, Kubba AA. Proffered Papers
16.00-16.30 Monday 15 September 2003 7 Papillomavirus testing using Hybrid capture II in a community-based primary screening setting: preliminary results and potential clinical applications. Cytopathology 2003. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2303.14.s1.1_12.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Obeso JA, Rodriguez-Oroz MC, Chana P, Lera G, Rodriguez M, Olanow CW. The evolution and origin of motor complications in Parkinson's disease. Neurology 2001; 55:S13-20; discussion S21-3. [PMID: 11147505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Levodopa is the major symptomatic therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD), having revolutionized the treatment of PD and provided benefit to virtually all patients. However, after 5-10 years of treatment, levodopa therapy is complicated by the development of motor complications, which include dyskinesia and motor fluctuations. The initial long duration response to a dose of levodopa becomes progressively shorter, and periods in which the patient responds to the drug become complicated by involuntary dyskinetic movements. Thus, patients may cycle between "on" periods that are complicated by dyskinesia and "off" periods in which they are severely parkinsonian. As a consequence they may experience profound disability despite the fact that levodopa remains an effective anti-parkinson agent throughout the course of the disease. In this article we review the various motor complications associated with the treatment of PD and present current concepts on the origin of these problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Obeso
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Clinica Universitaria and Medical School, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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