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Shen J, Kong R, Guo D, Chen S, Han T, Wang M, Lu G, Deng W, Ding R, Bu F. 58P Spectrum of germline pathogenic mutations in 1087 Chinese patients with biliary tract cancer. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Ingham M, Blay JY, Baird J, D'Silva D, O'Keefe K, Kong R, Spiegel R, Wahba M, Weetall M. 1528TiP A phase II/III study evaluating the efficacy and safety of unesbulin in advanced leiomyosarcoma (SUNRISELMS). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Wu Z, Kong R, Hillebrand G. LB944 Crowdsourcing for the rapid and accurate visual assessment of treatment efficacy in dermatology clinical trials: A case study in the treatment of eczema. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Patel A, Kong R, Sato T, Yoo S, Sinha A, Powell C, Zhu J, Watanabe H. FP12.11 Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Analyses Distinguishes Transcriptional Activity of c-Myc and L-Myc in Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Zhang Q, Li L, Lyu XJ, Chen HZ, Chen H, Kong R, Wang G, Jiang HC, Sun B. [Four-steps surgery for infected pancreatic necrosis based on "Step-up" strategy: a retrospective study]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2020; 58:858-863. [PMID: 33120449 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20200429-00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To examine the effect of the "four-steps" treatment on infectious pancreatic necrosis(IPN). Methods: The data of 207 patients who were diagnosed with IPN from January 2013 to December 2017 at Department of Pancreaticobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University were analyzed retrospectively. Among 207 patients, 132(63.8%) were males and 75(36.2%) were females. The median age was 45 years old (range: 19 to 80 years old). One hundred and fifty-eight patients(76.3%) suffered severe acute pancreatitis and 49 patients(23.7%) suffered moderately severe acute pancreatitis. Percutaneous catheter drainage(PCD) was performed on all the patients(Step 1). Patients received "four-steps" minimally invasive treatment strategy in step-up group(173 patients). The following steps after PCD were mini-incision access pancreatic necrosectomy(MIAPN) (Step 2), sinus tract endoscopic debridement and(or) PCD for residual infections(Step 3) and finally conventional open pancreatic necrosectomy(OPN) (Step 4). Patients(34 cases) received conventional open pancreatic necrosectomy after invalided PCD in OPN group. The perioperative parameters and prognosis were compared between Step-up group and OPN group. Normally distributed quantitative variables were analyzed by t-test, non-normally distributed quantitative variables were analyzed by Wilcoxon chi-square test and categorical variables were analyzed by χ(2) test or Fisher exact test, respectively. Results: The basic characteristics of the two groups of patients were similar, but the referral rate of patients and the rate of preoperative 3 days organ failure in the OPN group were significantly higher than those of step-up group patients(47.1% vs. 28.9%, χ(2)=4.313, P=0.038; 26.5% vs. 9.2%, χ(2)=2.819, P=0.011). The frequency of PCD and the number of PCD tube (root) were less than those in the step-up group(1(1) vs. 2(1), Z=-3.373, P=0.018; 2(1) vs. 3(2), Z=-2.208, P=0.027). Compared with the OPN group, the interval time from onset to surgery and the MIAPN operation time were significantly shorter in the step-up group(29(15) days vs. 36(17)days, Z=-0.567, P=0.008; 58(27)minutes vs. 90(56)minutes, Z=-3.908, P<0.01); postoperative mortality was lower(5.8% vs.17.6%, χ(2)=4.070, P=0.044); the overall incidence of postoperative complications was reduced(23.1% vs. 55.9%, χ(2)=14.960, P<0.01) and the incidence of new-onset organ failure was decreased after operation in the step-up group(37.5% vs.47.4%, χ(2)=7.133, P=0.007). The incidence of local abdominal complications (pancreatic fistula, intra-abdominal hemorrhage, gastrointestinal fistula) showed no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). Fewer patients required ICU treatment after operation in the step-up group compared with OPN group(22.0% vs. 44.1%, χ(2)=6.204, P=0.013). Patients in the Step-up group has shorter hospital stay than patients in OPN group (46(13) days vs. 52(13)days, Z=-1.993, P=0.046). Conclusions: The clinical effects of "four-steps" exhibited the superiority of minimally invasive treatment of IPN.And MIAPN is a simple, safe and effective procedure to remove pancreatic necrotic tissue and decrease complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - X J Lyu
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - H Z Chen
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - H Chen
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - R Kong
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - G Wang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - H C Jiang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - B Sun
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
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Duvel L, Herbal A, Daniels L, Kong R, Hillebrand GG. Age, lifestyle and self-perceptions of hair: Is there an association with hair diameter and tensile properties? Int J Cosmet Sci 2019; 41:509-515. [PMID: 31418888 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the association of age, lifestyle habits and the self-perception of hair condition with the objectively measured physical properties of hair in Caucasian females with brown hair. METHODS Hair biophysical properties, lifestyle habits data and self-perceptions of hair condition were collected on 110 Caucasian females with brown hair ranging in age from 17 to 78. Hair diameter (cross-sectional area) and tensile properties (elastic modulus, break strength and break extension) were measured at the root end of individual fibres (n = 100/subject) from the crown and frontal regions using objective instrumental methods. Other measures included body mass index (BMI) and Savin female pattern hair loss grades based on judging of standardized front, top and side view head images. Lifestyle habits and practices and self-perceived hair condition were obtained via a standardized self-assessment questionnaire. RESULTS Hair fibre diameter and break extension decreased significantly with age. Hair fibre elastic modulus and Savin hair loss scores increased significantly with age. No age-related change in hair fibre break stress was observed. A history of smoking or being overweight was significantly associated with having lower hair fibre cross-sectional area but was not associated with any of the measured tensile properties. Subjects who perceived their hair as fine, thinning or weak had significantly lower cross-sectional areas than subjects who did not. Subjects who perceived their hair to be healthy or strong had significantly higher cross-sectional areas than subjects who did not. CONCLUSION The biophysical properties of hair change significantly with age. A history of smoking or being overweight was significantly associated with having smaller hair cross-sectional area but was not associated with differences in hair tensile properties. The self-perception of having strong or healthy hair seems more associated with having a larger cross-sectional area than any real differences in hair strength.Abstrait.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Duvel
- Amway Corporation, Ada, MI, 49355, USA
| | - A Herbal
- Amway Corporation, Ada, MI, 49355, USA
| | - L Daniels
- Amway Corporation, Ada, MI, 49355, USA
| | - R Kong
- Amway Corporation, Ada, MI, 49355, USA
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Lu J, Zheng M, Kong R, Pang J, Zhu X. Enhancing Solubility of Candesartan Cilexetil by Co-milling; Preparation of Candesartan Cilexetil-glycyrrhizic Acid Composite. Indian J Pharm Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Kong R, Andharia N, Greenstein J, Cioe E. 236 Low Fidelity Model for Chest Tube Thoracostomy. Ann Emerg Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2018.08.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lyu XJ, Sun B, Li L, Chen H, Kong R. [Clinical analysis of small incision minimally invasive approach in treatment of infected pancreatic necrosis]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 56:687-692. [PMID: 30157575 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5815.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the safety and efficiency of small incision minimally invasive approach pancreatic necrosectomy in the treatment of infected pancreatic necrosis. Methods: The data of 164 patients who underwent small incision minimally invasive approach pancreatic necrosectomy for infected pancreatic necrosis at Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from January 2012 to December 2016 were analyzed retrospectively.Among 164 patients, there were 102 male and 62 female patients.The median age was 46 years(ranging from 19 to 79 years). One hundred and one patients(61.6%) suffered from severe acute pancreatitis and 63 patients(38.4%) suffered from moderately severe acute pancreatitis.Following step-up approach principle, the surgical procedures were performed for 131 patients(79.9%) who suffered from sepsis which could not be alleviated via percutaneous catheter drainage(PCD). The other 33 patients(20.1%) who did not undergo PCD directly took small incision minimally invasive approach pancreatic necrosectomy.Preoperative CT images were used to determine the location of the lesion.The PCD puncture points or the points where the abscess was closest to the skin were chosen as the incision.Gradually, the small incision minimally invasive approach pancreatic necrosectomy were performed via cutting all layers into the abscess. Results: The median time from the onset of symptom to first operation was 32 days(ranging from 23 to 45 days). The average hospital stay was 46 days(ranging from 29 to 103 days). The average number of drainage tubes placed was 4 pieces(ranging from 2 to 8 pieces). Ninety-two patients(56.0%) underwent minimal access retroperitoneal pancreatic necrosectomy. Thirty-six patients(22.0%) underwent minimal invasive approach lesser omentum sac pancreatic necrosectomy.Thirty-six patients(22.0%) underwent minimal invasive approach lesser omentum sac pancreatic necrosectomy combined with minimal access retroperitoneal pancreatic necrosectomy.A total of 148 cases(90.2%) were cured via minimally invasive approach pancreatic necrosectomy, 8 cases(4.9%) were cured after transfering to open pancreatic necrosectomy.The cure rate was 95.1%(156/164). The mainly postoperative complications included pancreatic fistula(25 cases), intra-abdominal hemorrhage(10 cases), gastric fistula (2 cases), duodenal fistula(4 cases) and colonic fistula(3 cases). The overall incidence rate of complications was 26.8%(44/164). Eight cases were dead after surgery and the in-hospital mortality was 4.9%(8/164). Conclusion: In summary, small incision minimally invasive approach pancreatic necrosectomy is an effective way to clean up necrotic tissue, improve the drainage, reduce complications in dealing with infected pancreatic necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- X J Lyu
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
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Kong R, Wang N, Luo H, Lu J. Hesperetin Mitigates Bile Duct Ligation-Induced Liver Fibrosis by Inhibiting Extracellular Matrix and Cell Apoptosis via the TGF-β1/Smad Pathway. Curr Mol Med 2018; 18:15-24. [PMID: 29879887 DOI: 10.2174/1566524018666180608084947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People`s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - N. Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People`s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - H. Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People`s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - J. Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People`s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
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Sun GM, Kong R, Yang SF, Sun B. [Advances in diagnosis and treatment of undifferentiated pancreatic carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 56:548-550. [PMID: 30032538 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5815.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Undifferentiated pancreatic carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cell(UOC) published to date, and most have been in Asia, is a rare occurrence making up 1% of all pancreatic malignancies.With the increasing number of reported cases of the disease, the degree of awareness of the disease also gradually deepened, but there are few summary articles for the clinical features, imaging features, pathological features, treatment programs, prognosis and other aspects of UOC.Hence, this article is going to introduce pathological features, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of adjuvant advances of UOC in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Sun
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
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Zhu C, Shang XF, Kong R, Wu KR, Wang YM, Ma RX, Chen M, Luo ZL. [Minimally invasive small incision direct anterior total hip arthroplasty in the lateral decubitus position: complications and early outcome]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 98:1679-1685. [PMID: 29925146 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.21.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the feasibility, perioperative complications and early outcomes of minimally invasive small incision in direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty in lateral decubitus position. Methods: From January 2015 to January 2017, 212 patients (228 hips) received minimally invasive small incision (approximately 8 cm in length) direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty in modified lateral decubitus position and approach. Sixteen cases underwent bilateral hip arthroplasty separately. All procedures were performed by the same surgeon in the Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital. Twenty-eight patients (28 hips) were set as the complicated case group. The rest 184 patients (200 hips) had no previous hip surgeries, severe deformity and limited motion of the hip, were set as the standard group, and were divided into the first 100 cases group and the second 100 cases group in sequence. The difference between the standard group and complicated case group were analyzed. Also we compared the difference between the first 100 cases and the second 100 cases. Perioperative complications, postoperative function and radiological evaluation were recorded and statistically analyzed. The t test was applied to compare the data between groups. Results: All the patients were followed-up for 13 to 25 months[(18±5) months]. Intraoperative complications and postoperative complications happened in 9 and 34 patients respectively. The anterior dislocation occurred in 2 cases. The standard group showed significant superior outcomes when compared with complicated case group in the surgical time[(42±19) vs (67±16) min, t=-2.628, P=0.027], blood loss[(222±94) vs (579±120) ml, t=-8.371, P=0.000], postoperative Harris hip score[90±5 vs 83±7, t=2.390, P=0.024]and the rate of surgical complication (15.0% vs 46.4%, χ(2)=15.854, P=0.000). The complication rate tended to decrease in the second 100 cases when compared with that in the first 100 cases (11.0% vs 19.0%, χ(2)=3.922, P=0.037). Meanwhile, the second 100 cases showed significant excellent outcomes when compared with the first 100 cases in the mean surgical time[(34±15) vs (48±10) min, t=4.217, P=0.002]and blood loss[(182±52) vs (254±40) ml, t=2.889, P=0.018]. Conclusions: It suggests that there is a learning curve with the minimally invasive small incision direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty in lateral decubitus position. The risk of intraoperative femoral fractures is slightly high, especially for cases with osteoporosis, stiffness and limited range of movement. Surgeons in early learning curve period should grasp the surgical indications and master the technical points.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei 230001, China
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Kong R, O’Mara E, Luo X, Trifillis P, Werner C, McIntosh J. A phase 2 trial of the safety and pharmacokinetics of ataluren in patients aged ≥2 to <5 years with nonsense mutation Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Neuromuscul Disord 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-8966(18)30325-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Lyu XJ, Li L, Kong R, Sun B. [Research advances in anatomical study on the diffusion routs of acute pancreatitis]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018. [PMID: 29534421 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5815.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The retroperitoneum space comprises anterior pararenal space, perirenal space and posterior pararenal space. Pancreas is a retroperitoneal organ and located in the anterior pararenal space of the retroperitoneum. Left and right sides anterior pararenal space are potentially communicated, which contains many adipose tissues and a little connective tissues. The exacerbation of acute pancreatitis results in the lesion spreading into adjacent area of pancreas in the retroperitoneal space. In addition, the lesion could spread into bare area of stomach, posterior colonic region, subperitoneal space and pelvic retroperitoneal space through the same anatomical space or communicating space. Due to the fascia destruction by pancreatic enzymes or the lesion directly diffuse through the weak fascia, the lesion could also diffuse across fascia to perirenal space, posterior pararenal space, the peritoneal cavity and abdominal wall. Finally, a series of complications are developed. The diffusion paths of acute pancreatitis are complex and diverse. Familiarity with these diffusion paths is useful for determining the severity and guiding therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- X J Lyu
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
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Mesalam A, Kong R, Choi BH, Lee KL, Park BY, Son MJ, Jin JI, Kong IK. 75 Improvement of Developmental Competence of Bovine In Vitro-Produced Embryos by Using Charcoal:Dextran-Stripped Fetal Bovine Serum on In Vitro Culture Media. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv30n1ab75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum has widely been used as a main supplement to embryo in vitro culture media as it contains embryotrophic factors. Charcoal:dextran treatment of fetal bovine serum (FBS) removes lipophilic chemicals and certain steroid hormones and growth factors. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of charcoal:dextran-stripped fetal bovine serum (CDS FBS) and heat-inactivated FBS (HI FBS) in embryo culture medium (SOF-BE1 medium supplemented with 10% of serum) on their ability to support in vitro development of bovine embryos. The developmental ability and quality of bovine embryos were determined by assessing their cell number, lipid content, mitochondrial activity, gene expression, and cryo-tolerance. The experiment was conducted in 6 replicates (350 oocytes per group). The differences in embryo development, integrated optical intensity, and expression levels of the various genes between experimental groups were analysed by one-way ANOVA. Duncan’s multiple range tests were used to test the differences between the treatments. The level of statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. The percentages of embryos that underwent cleavage and formed a blastocyst were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in medium containing CDS FBS than in medium containing HI FBS (42.84 ± 0.78% v. 36.85 ± 0.89%, respectively). The total number of cells per Day 8 blastocyst was not significantly different (P > 0.05) between the CDS FBS group (208.40 ± 14.77) and the HI FBS group (195.11 ± 19.15). Furthermore, the beneficial effects of CDS FBS on embryos were associated with a significantly increased mitochondrial activity, as identified by MitoTracker Green, and reduced intracellular lipid content, as identified by Nile red staining, which increased their cryo-tolerance. The post-thaw survival rate of blastocysts was significantly (P < 0.05) higher after 24 h in the CDS FBS than in the HI FBS group (85.33 ± 4.84% v. 68.67 ± 1.20%). Quantitative reverse transcription PCR showed that the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes, acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 3, acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase long-chain, and the cholesterol metabolism related gene hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase were significantly increased upon culture with CDS FBS. Moreover, the mRNA levels of survival gene sirtuin 1, antioxidant gene superoxide dismutase 2, and anti-apoptotic associated gene B-cell lymphoma 2 in frozen–thawed blastocysts were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the CDS FBS group than in the HI FBS group; however, the mRNA level of the pro-apoptotic gene BCL2-associated X protein was significantly reduced. In conclusion, these data suggest that supplementation of in vitro culture medium with CDS FBS improves in vitro bovine embryo developmental competence and the quality of blastocysts in terms of their crytolerance and gene expression.
This research was supported by grant from the Next-Generation BiogGeen21 (No. PJ01107703), IPET (No. 315017-5 and 117029-3), Allergy free cat (Co.. Felix Pets), BK21plus, and KGSP.
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Zhu C, Fang SY, Kong R, Wu KR, Xia R, Shang XF. The significance of HBD-3 and fluorescent composite carriers in the processof bone formation in rats infected with Staphylococcus aureus. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2017; 21:4263-4269. [PMID: 29077172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the present study was to explore the significance of human β-defensin 3 (HBD-3) through establishment and evaluation of the model of implant-related biofilm infection of the femoral condyle of the outer knee using Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Age-matched SD rats were divided into three groups, the HBD-3 group, HBD-3 fluorescent liposome group, and the HBD-3 liposome-microbubble fluorescent composite carrier group. After biofilm infection for 24 h, the fluorescent composite vector was injected intraperitoneally 2 times/day. After the first injection, rats in each group were sacrificed on the 7th, 14th, and 28th day. The lower end of the femur bone was harvested after removing the surrounding soft tissue. H&E and immunohistochemical staining were applied and light microscopy was used for observation. Fluorescent markers including tetracycline and calcein were used to follow the formation of new bone in vivo. Undecalcified specimens were embedded in epoxy resin (thickness of roughly 150 m), and confocal microscopy was used for observation. RESULTS By assessing cell proliferation with cell counting kit-8, the proliferation ability of cells in the HBD-3 liposome-microbubble fluorescent composite carrier group was significantly increased compared with the other groups (p<0.05). qPCR was used to measure the levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), type I collagen, osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN), and bone sialoprotein (BSP) in each group. The levels of these genes in the HBD-3 liposome-microbubble fluorescent composite carrier group were significantly higher than those in other groups (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The application of the HBD-3 liposome-microbubble fluorescent composite carrier can significantly promote osteogenesis in rats infected with Staphylococcus aureus, and increase the expression levels of ALP, type I collagen, OCN, OPN, and BSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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Riebling P, Kong R, O'Mara E, Luo X, Trifillis P, Ong T. A phase 2 trial of the safety and pharmacokinetics of ataluren in patients aged 2 to 5 years with nonsense mutation Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Neuromuscul Disord 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.06.446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zheng M, Tang W, Kong R, Zhu X. Inclusion Complex of alpha-Lipoic Acid Containing Alkalizer for Improving the Solubility and Stability Prepared by Co-grinding. Indian J Pharm Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.4172/pharmaceutical-sciences.1000261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Ji L, Sun B, Cheng CD, Bai XW, Wang G, Kong R, Chen H, Jiang HC. [Clinical experience on the employment of the staged step-up approach in the treatment of local complications secondary to severe acute pancreatitis]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2016; 54:839-843. [PMID: 27806777 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5815.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the experience and prognostic factors associated with the employment of the step-up approach in the treatment of local complications secondary to severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods: The clinical data of 279 patients admitted to the Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from January 2011 to December 2015, whose local complications secondary to SAP were treated in a staged step-up framework, were retrospectively analyzed.For patients with documented or suspected infected pancreatic necrosis or gastrointestinal tract obstruction, some non-surgical interventions were initialed with the aim of postponing the timing of surgery to the forth week from the onset of SAP.The first-step intervention was a percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD) under the guidance of ultrasound. A minimal access retroperitoneal pancreatic necrosectomy, representing the second-step intervention, was conducted when PCD had failed. Finally, an open necrosectomy (the third-step intervention) was immediately resorted to when all of previous minimal invasive interventions had failed.Normally distributed quantitative variables were analyzed by t-test, non-normally distributed quantitative variables were analyzed by Wilcoxon chi-square test and categorical variables were analyzed by χ2 test or Fisher's exact test.A multivariable Logistic regression analytic model was established to figure out the prognostic factors that were independently associated with the requirement of debridement in addition to drainage procedure during the staged step-up framework of patients with local complications secondary to SAP. Results: The initial interventions in this series were performed at 12 d (9-22 d) from the on-set of SAP and 104 cases (37.3%) were cured with ultrasound guided PCD alone.There were 152 cases (54.5%) cured by debridement in addition to PCD with the time interval of 30 d (25 to 44 d) since the on-set of the disease.The overall incidence of postoperative complications was 22.6% (63 cases) and in-hospital mortality was 8.2% (23 cases) in the present series.Multiple organ failures(MOF)(P<0.01, OR=3.15), heterogeneous collections (P<0.01, OR=2.40) and tertiary transfer (P=0.03, OR=1.80) were verified as the prognostic factors that were independently associated with the requirement of debridement in addition to PCD during the staged step-up framework of patients with local complications secondary to SAP. Conclusions: The staged step-up framework is a promising innovation that complies well with the era of minimal invasive surgery and is optimally suitable for the surgical interventions against SAP.MOF, heterogeneous collections and tertiary transfer are the prognostic factors that are independently associated with the requirement of debridement in addition to PCD during the staged step-up framework of patients with local complications secondary to SAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ji
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
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Song Y, Zou H, Zhao Y, Yu L, Tan Z, Kong R. Activation of p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase contributes to ischemia reperfusion in rat brain. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr8492. [DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15038492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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21
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Xu TP, Liu XX, Xia R, Yin L, Kong R, Chen WM, Huang MD, Shu YQ. SP1-induced upregulation of the long noncoding RNA TINCR regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis by affecting KLF2 mRNA stability in gastric cancer. Oncogene 2015; 34:5648-61. [PMID: 25728677 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The long noncoding RNA TINCR shows aberrant expression in human squamous carcinomas. However, its expression and function in gastric cancer remain unclear. We report that TINCR is strongly upregulated in human gastric carcinoma (GC), where it was found to contribute to oncogenesis and cancer progression. We also revealed that TINCR overexpression is induced by nuclear transcription factor SP1. Silencing TINCR expression inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, tumorigenicity and apoptosis promotion, whereas TINCR overexpression promoted cell growth, as documented in the SGC7901 and BGC823 cell lines. Mechanistic analyses indicated that TINCR could bind to STAU1 (staufen1) protein, and influence KLF2 mRNA stability and expression, then KLF2 regulated cyclin-dependent kinase genes CDKN1A/P21 and CDKN2B/P15 transcription and expression, thereby affecting the proliferation and apoptosis of GC cells. Together, our findings suggest that TINCR contributes to the oncogenic potential of GC and may constitute a potential therapeutic target in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- T-P Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - X-X Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical School, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - R Xia
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - L Yin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - R Kong
- Clinical Medical Examination Center, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical School, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - W-M Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - M-D Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Y-Q Shu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Hu L, Kong R, Xu X. Autumnal increase in proportion of toxic Microcystis
in Lake Taihu depends more on temperature adaptability than on effects of toxigenicity. J Appl Microbiol 2015; 119:744-52. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.12868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan Hubei China
| | - R. Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan Hubei China
| | - X. Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan Hubei China
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Kong R, Trimmings A, Hutchinson N, Gill R, Agarwal S, Davidson S, Arcari M. Consensus recommendations for using the Multiplate®for platelet function monitoring before cardiac surgery. Int J Lab Hematol 2014; 37:143-7. [DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Kong
- Royal Sussex County Hospital; Brighton UK
| | | | | | - R. Gill
- University Hospital Southampton; Southampton UK
| | - S. Agarwal
- Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital; Liverpool UK
| | - S. Davidson
- Royal Brompton and Harefield NHSFT; London UK
| | - M. Arcari
- UPMC Beacon Hospital; Dublin Ireland
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24
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Sun M, Liu XH, Lu KH, Nie FQ, Xia R, Kong R, Yang JS, Xu TP, Liu YW, Zou YF, Lu BB, Yin R, Zhang EB, Xu L, De W, Wang ZX. EZH2-mediated epigenetic suppression of long noncoding RNA SPRY4-IT1 promotes NSCLC cell proliferation and metastasis by affecting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1298. [PMID: 24967960 PMCID: PMC4611729 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have a critical role in the regulation of cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, and metastasis. These lncRNAs are dysregulated in a variety of cancers and many function as tumor suppressors; however, the regulatory factors involved in silencing lncRNA transcription are poorly understood. In this study, we showed that epigenetic silencing of lncRNA SPRY4 intronic transcript 1 (SPRY4-IT1) occurs in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells through direct transcriptional repression mediated by the Polycomb group protein enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2). SPRY4-IT1 is derived from an intron within SPRY4, and is upregulated in melanoma cells; knockdown of its expression leads to cell growth arrest, invasion inhibition, and elevated rates of apoptosis. Upon depletion of EZH2 by RNA interference, SPRY4-IT1 expression was restored, and transfection of SPRY4-IT1 into NSCLC cells resulted in a significant antitumoral effect, both in culture and in xenografted nude mice. Moreover, overexpression of SPRY4-IT1 was found to have a key role in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition through the regulation of E-cadherin and vimentin expression. In EZH2-knockdown cells, which characteristically showed impaired cell proliferation and metastasis, the induction of SPRY4-IT1 depletion partially rescued the oncogenic phenotype, suggesting that SPRY4-IT1 repression has an important role in EZH2 oncogenesis. Of most relevance, translation of these findings into human NSCLC tissue samples demonstrated that patients with low levels of SPRY4-IT1 expression had a shorter overall survival time, suggesting that SPRY4-IT1 could be a biomarker for poor prognosis of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - X-H Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - K-H Lu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - F-Q Nie
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - R Xia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - R Kong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - J-S Yang
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - T-P Xu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Y-W Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Y-F Zou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - B-B Lu
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - R Yin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - E-B Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - L Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - W De
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Z-X Wang
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Kong R, Wang C, Ma X, Liu J, Chen W. Peptides design based on the interfacial helix of integrase dimer. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2012; 2005:4743-6. [PMID: 17281301 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2005.1615531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
HIV-I integrase (IN) plays a crucial role in the retroviral life cycle. The peptides derived from the helix of IN were reported to have the potency of inhibition. We designed a series of peptides based on interface helices alpha1 and alpha5 with the aim of increasing their inhibitory activity. The helix-forming tendency and the affinity with IN were essential for interfacial peptide inhibitors. The MD simulation and AGADIR prediction both showed favorable results for the designed peptides. The binding mode and binding free energy of peptide and IN were investigated subsequently to test our design. The improvement in binding free energy compared with that of alpha1 and alpha5 indicates that some of the designed peptides may have a higher potency for inhibiting the dimerization of IN. This study provides some useful information for rational design of IN peptide inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kong
- Coll. of Life Sci. & Bioeng., Beijing Univ. of Technol
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Kwon B, Schulmerich MV, Elgass LJ, Kong R, Holton SE, Bhargava R, King WP. Infrared microspectroscopy combined with conventional atomic force microscopy. Ultramicroscopy 2012; 116:56-61. [PMID: 22537743 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2012.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Revised: 02/07/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports nanotopography and mid infrared (IR) microspectroscopic imaging coupled within the same atomic force microscope (AFM). The reported advances are enabled by using a bimaterial microcantilever, conventionally used for standard AFM imaging, as a detector of monochromatic IR light. IR light intensity is recorded as thermomechanical bending of the cantilever measured upon illumination with intensity-modulated, narrowband radiation. The cantilever bending is then correlated with the sample's IR absorption. Spatial resolution was characterized by imaging a USAF 1951 optical resolution target made of SU-8 photoresist. The spatial resolution of the AFM topography measurement was a few nanometers as expected, while the spatial resolution of the IR measurement was 24.4 μm using relatively coarse spectral resolution (25-125 cm(-1)). In addition to well-controlled samples demonstrating the spatial and spectral properties of the setup, we used the method to map engineered skin and three-dimensional cell culture samples. This research combines modest IR imaging capabilities with the exceptional topographical imaging of conventional AFM to provide advantages of both in a facile manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kwon
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Liu R, Tewari M, Kong R, Zhang R, Ingravallo P, Ralston R. A peptide derived from hepatitis C virus E2 envelope protein inhibits a post-binding step in HCV entry. Antiviral Res 2010; 86:172-9. [PMID: 20156485 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2010.02.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2009] [Revised: 02/05/2010] [Accepted: 02/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The HCV envelope proteins E1 and E2 are required for virus binding to cellular receptors and pH-dependent fusion with endosomal membranes. Envelope protein interactions within this multistep process may provide novel targets for development of antiviral agents. To identify E1 and E2 regions involved in critical steps of HCV entry, we screened an E1E2 overlapping peptide library for inhibition of infection using a lentiviral reporter vector pseudotyped with E1E2 envelope proteins. A 16-residue polypeptide containing a portion of the E2 transmembrane domain (Peptide 75) inhibited HCV pseudoparticle infection with an IC50 of approximately 0.3microM and did not inhibit infection by VSV-g pseudoparticles at concentrations up to 50microM. Structure-activity analysis of Peptide 75 showed that antiviral activity was dependent upon L-configuration and hydrophobic character, and that the native sequence was required for maximal activity. Peptide 75 did not show virocidal activity against HCV pseudoparticles or other viruses. Temperature-shift experiments showed that the peptide acted at a post-binding step and that inhibition was further increased when used in combination with an anti-CD81 antibody previously shown to inhibit pseudoparticle entry at a post-binding step. These data suggest that interactions involving the C terminal region of E2 may play an important role in the HCV entry process.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Liu
- Department of Virology, Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
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28
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Malcolm BA, Liu R, Lahser F, Agrawal S, Belanger B, Butkiewicz N, Chase R, Gheyas F, Hart A, Hesk D, Ingravallo P, Jiang C, Kong R, Lu J, Pichardo J, Prongay A, Skelton A, Tong X, Venkatraman S, Xia E, Girijavallabhan V, Njoroge FG. SCH 503034, a mechanism-based inhibitor of hepatitis C virus NS3 protease, suppresses polyprotein maturation and enhances the antiviral activity of alpha interferon in replicon cells. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2006; 50:1013-20. [PMID: 16495264 PMCID: PMC1426438 DOI: 10.1128/aac.50.3.1013-1020.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cleavage of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) polyprotein by the viral NS3 protease releases functional viral proteins essential for viral replication. Recent studies by Foy and coworkers strongly suggest that NS3-mediated cleavage of host factors may abrogate cellular response to alpha interferon (IFN-alpha) (E. Foy, K. Li, R. Sumpter, Jr., Y.-M. Loo, C. L. Johnson, C. Wang, P. M. Fish, M. Yoneyama, T. Fujita, S. M. Lemon, and M. Gale, Jr., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102:2986-2991, 2005, and E. Foy, K. Li, C. Wang, R. Sumpter, Jr., M. Ikeda, S. M. Lemon, and M. Gale, Jr., Science 300:1145-1148, 2003). Blockage of NS3 protease activity therefore is expected to inhibit HCV replication by both direct suppression of viral protein production as well as by restoring host responsiveness to IFN. Using structure-assisted design, a ketoamide inhibitor, SCH 503034, was generated which demonstrated potent (overall inhibition constant, 14 nM) time-dependent inhibition of the NS3 protease in cell-free enzyme assays as well as robust in vitro activity in the HCV replicon system, as monitored by immunofluorescence and real-time PCR analysis. Continuous exposure of replicon-bearing cell lines to six times the 90% effective concentration of SCH 503034 for 15 days resulted in a greater than 4-log reduction in replicon RNA. The combination of SCH 503034 with IFN was more effective in suppressing replicon synthesis than either compound alone, supporting the suggestion of Foy and coworkers that combinations of IFN with protease inhibitors would lead to enhanced therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Malcolm
- Virology, Schering-Plough Research Institute, 2015 Galloping Hill Rd., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, USA
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Yang J, Peng RX, Kong R, Yu JP. [Effects of 18 alpha-glycyrrhizic acid on rat liver cytochrome P450 isoenzymes and phase II transferase]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2001; 36:321-4. [PMID: 12584850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM To study the effect of 18 alpha-glycyrrhizic acid (18 alpha-GL) on hepatic microsomal drug metabolizing enzymes in rats. METHODS 18 alpha-GL (12.5, 50.0 mg.kg-1.d-1) were given i.p. to male Wistar rats for 3, 6 or 12 consecutive days. The rats were sacrificed 24 h after the last dose and the liver microsomes were prepared for analysis of cytochrome P450 (CYP) isozymes and phase II transferase activites. RESULTS Aniline hydroxylase (CYP2E1) activities in the rats treated with 18 alpha-GL (12.5, 50.0 mg.kg-1) for 6 days decreased dose-dependently by up to 53.2%; For 3, 6 or 12 days 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (CYP1A1) activities in the rats of 50 mg.kg-1 dose group decreased time-dependently by 17.6%, 38.3% and 47.3%, respectively; Erythromycin N-demethylase (CYP3A) activities was significantly inhibited from 23.1% to 34.3%. UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activities toward 7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin significantly increased ranging from 19.3% to 29.9%. UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activities toward 4-phenylphenol in the rats treated with 18 alpha-GL (12.5, 50.0 mg.kg-1) for 6 days increased by 45.9% and 70.3%. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities in the rats treated with 18 alpha-GL (12.5, 50.0 mg.kg-1) for 6 days increased by 13.7% and 48.3% in dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION 18 alpha-GL inhibited rat liver microsomal cytochrome P450 while induced phase II transferase.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, First Affiliated Hospital, Wuhan University Medical School, Wuhan 430071, China.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, Tardiff and colleagues have suggested that the presence of the apolipoprotein E, epsilon4 allele was associated with increased likelihood of cognitive decline after coronary artery bypass grafting. The objective of the current study was to replicate this earlier work using an increased sample size. The increased sample also enabled an analysis by individual genotype in cognitive decline after coronary artery bypass grafting. METHODS Apolipoprotein E genotyping was performed on 111 individuals undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Each participant underwent a battery of nine neuropsychological tests before operation and 4 to 7 weeks after operation. RESULTS Cognitive decline, assessed by both continuous Z change scores and two categoric measures of cognitive deficit, was not significantly associated with either individual apolipoprotein E genotypes or categorization by the presence or absence of the epsilon4 allele. The examination of potential moderating factors did not alter this finding. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that the epsilon4 allele is not associated with cognitive decline in the weeks after coronary artery bypass grafting.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Steed
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Centre for Cardiovascular Genetics, University College London, England
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31
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Kodakat S, Delaguila M, Trivedi U, Kong R. Crit Care 2001; 5:8. [DOI: 10.1186/cc1440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Xu X, Yan G, Kong R, Liu X, Yu L. Analysis of expression of the binary toxin genes from Bacillus sphaericus in Anabaena and the potential in mosquito control. Curr Microbiol 2000; 41:352-6. [PMID: 11014873 DOI: 10.1007/s002840010148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Anabaena strains expressing the binary toxin genes of Bacillus sphaericus produce high larvicidal activity with living cells. Western blot analysis showed that the 51-kDa and 42-kDa toxin proteins were stable in Anabaena. When a DNA fragment upstream of the 51-kDa protein gene was deleted, the toxicity was reduced by over a hundred-fold, whereas deletions at the coding regions showed that the cooperation of the two proteins expressed in Anabaena is essential for the larvicidal activity. Outdoor tests showed that the genetically altered Anabaena could keep containers with natural water from being inhabited by Culex larvae for over 2 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Xu
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Jining, Shandong 272133, P. R. China.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cerebral embolism with clinical sequelae may rarely complicate cardioversion and cardiac catheterization. Transcranial Doppler sonography has recently been introduced to monitor microemboli entering the middle cerebral artery in cardiac and carotid surgery. We therefore used this technique to evaluate the risk of asymptomatic embolism during common cardiac procedures. METHODS Patients were monitored by transcranial Doppler while undergoing direct current cardioversion (n=15) and cardiac catheterization (n=17). RESULTS Microemboli were detected in all patients having cardiac catheterization but in only 1 patient after cardioversion. CONCLUSIONS Microembolism occurred frequently during cardiac catheterization and rarely during cardioversion. It is not yet known whether this has clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stygall
- Departments of Neurological Studies, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University College London Hospitals and Medical School, London, United Kingdom
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Price B, Adamidis T, Kong R, Champness W. A Streptomyces coelicolor antibiotic regulatory gene, absB, encodes an RNase III homolog. J Bacteriol 1999; 181:6142-51. [PMID: 10498729 PMCID: PMC103644 DOI: 10.1128/jb.181.19.6142-6151.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/1999] [Accepted: 07/19/1999] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces coelicolor produces four genetically and structurally distinct antibiotics in a growth-phase-dependent manner. S. coelicolor mutants globally deficient in antibiotic production (Abs(-) phenotype) have previously been isolated, and some of these were found to define the absB locus. In this study, we isolated absB-complementing DNA and show that it encodes the S. coelicolor homolog of RNase III (rnc). Several lines of evidence indicate that the absB mutant global defect in antibiotic synthesis is due to a deficiency in RNase III. In marker exchange experiments, the S. coelicolor rnc gene rescued absB mutants, restoring antibiotic production. Sequencing the DNA of absB mutants confirmed that the absB mutations lay in the rnc open reading frame. Constructed disruptions of rnc in both S. coelicolor 1501 and Streptomyces lividans 1326 caused an Abs(-) phenotype. An absB mutation caused accumulation of 30S rRNA precursors, as had previously been reported for E. coli rnc mutants. The absB gene is widely conserved in streptomycetes. We speculate on why an RNase III deficiency could globally affect the synthesis of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Price
- Department of Microbiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1101, USA
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35
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Wang H, Peng R, Kong R, Li Y. [Serum glutathione S-transferase activity as an early marker of thioacetimide-induced acute hepatotoxicity in mice]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 1999; 28:179-80. [PMID: 12712728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this paper was to evaluate serum glutathione S-transferasethe (GST) in thioacetimide (TAA)-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. The results showed that intraperitoneal injection of TAA (25-100 mg/kg) increased serum GST activity. The activity of GST was dose- and time-related to TAA. There was a good positive correlation between serum GST and serum alanine transaminase(ALT) activities. The content of reduced glutathione(GSH) and activities of GST, glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) were significantly decreased while serum GST activity induced by TAA was high. The results suggested that the reduced hepatic antioxidative function is one of the mechanism of TAA-induced hepatotoxicity, and serum GST activity is a sensitive and early marker in detecting TAA-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hubei Medical University, Wuhan 430071, China
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36
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Wang H, Peng RX, Zhang YH, Chen JH, Li QX, Kong R, Ding H, Yu JP. Demethylation capacity of human fetal adrenal mitochondrial cytochrome P-450 in vitro. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao 1999; 20:358-62. [PMID: 10452125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM To explore the capacity and characteristics of adrenal mitochondria to metabolize xenobiotics in vitro in human fetus. METHODS Subcellular fractions of fetal adrenal were prepared by differential centrifugation. Mitochondrial P-450 system was proved by spectral analyses and SDS-PAGE. The formaldehyde formation contents were measured with Nash reagent. RESULTS The erythromycin N-demethylation linearly increased in the protein concentration (1-4 mg)- and incubation time (10-30 min)-dependent manners. A typical concentration-effect relationship appeared with erythromycin 0.067-1 mmol.L-1 and a positive correlation (r = 0.641, P < 0.05) existed between erythromycin N-demethylation and gestation months. The N-demethylation values (nmol.s-1/g protein) of erythromycin (2.7 +/- 0.8), benzfetamine (1.1 +/- 0.5), and aminophenazone (0.9 +/- 0.4) in mitochondria were 89% (P > 0.05), 162% (P < 0.01), and 62% (P < 0.01), respectively, of those in microsomes. There was correlation between mitochondria and microsomes in the N-demethylation of erythromycin (r = 0.708, P < 0.05) and benzfetamine (r = 0.707, P < 0.05). Troleandomycin stimulated erythromycin N-demethylation in adrenal mitochondria as well as in adrenal and liver microsomes in vitro. CONCLUSION Fetal adrenal mitochondria, with multiple P-450 isoforms and greater capacity of demethylation, play a role in drug-metabolism during fetal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hubei Medical University, Wuhan, China
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Wang H, Peng R, Kong R, Zeng H. [Effect of allicin on ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity in mice]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 1998; 27:415-7. [PMID: 11939034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
To study the effect of allicin, an effective component of garlic, on ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. The results showed that allicin (10 mg/kg ig, qd x 10) could reverse the higher activities of serum ALT and glutathione s-transferase (GST) in ethanol-treated mice. Furthermore, allicin could significantly enhance the content of hepatic reduced glutathione (GSH), and the activities of hepatic glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSH-Re) and GST in ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity mice. There were no remarkable changes in the hepatic catalase (Cat) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activities. These results suggested that allicin have the effective hepato-protection on ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity, which is related to its selective effect on the glutathione-related enzyme system.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hubei Medical University, Wuhan 430071, China
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Wu X, Wang W, Kong R. [Correlation noise detection in encephaloblood-fluidity signal]. Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi 1998; 15:246-9. [PMID: 12553247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to remove random white noise which mixes with encephaloblood fluidity signal. Based on the principles of correlation detection and a priori knowledge of encephaloblood fluidity, the authors adopted the coherent averaging method and obtained pure encephaloblood fluidity signal. The result of practical use has demonstrated that the more times the averaging progresses, the more distinctly the wave shows up.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Wu
- Dept. of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, Anhui University, Hefei 230039
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Ricard-Hibon A, Losser MR, Kong R, Beloucif S, Teisseire B, Payen D. Systemic pressure-flow reactivity to norepinephrine in rabbits: impact of endotoxin and fluid loading. Intensive Care Med 1998; 24:959-66. [PMID: 9803333 DOI: 10.1007/s001340050696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the impact of fluid loading on hemodynamics and vascular hypocontractility to norepinephrine (NE) in an endotoxic shock model. DESIGN Mean arterial pressure (MAP), aortic blood flow velocity (AoV, 20 MHz Doppler) and aortic conductance (AoC = AoV/MAP) were studied during 180 min (T0-T180) in 41 anesthetized and ventilated rabbits. INTERVENTIONS Shock was induced by a 600 micrograms/kg bolus injection of endotoxin. Fluid loading (20 ml/kg colloids) was infused from T90 to T120. Dose-response curves to NE were performed at T0, T60 and T120 in endotoxic and non-endotoxic animals with or without fluid loading. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Endotoxin decreased pressure (-23%, p < 0.05) and flow (-42%, p < 0.05) corresponding to a decrease in conductance (-19%, p < 0.05). Fluid loading did not improve hypotension but markedly increased systemic flow (+51%, p < 0.01), corresponding to a hyperkinetic syndrome. Vascular reactivity to NE was impaired after endotoxin at T60 since the pressure response to NE was depressed (p < 0.01) and flow did not decrease. In non-fluid-loaded groups, the pressure response to NE recovered at T120, with no reduction in flow. In fluid-loaded endotoxic animals, however, the pressure response to NE was still impaired at T120 (p < 0.05), but with a decrease in flow. CONCLUSIONS Fluid loading transformed the hypodynamic profile of endotoxic shock into a hyperdynamic state without improving blood pressure. Depressed vascular reactivity to NE was observed in both hyperdynamic and hypodynamic states, suggesting that a reduced vascular reactivity does not necessarily imply systemic vasodilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ricard-Hibon
- Département d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lariboisière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, France
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Abstract
In Anabaena spp., synthesis of the heterocyst envelope polysaccharide, required if the cell is to fix dinitrogen under aerobic conditions, is dependent on the gene hepA. A transcriptional start site of hepA was localized 104 bp 5' from its translational initiation codon. A 765-bp open reading frame, denoted hepC, was found farther upstream. Inactivation of hepC led to constitutive expression of hepA and prevented the synthesis of heterocyst envelope polysaccharide. However, the glycolipid layer of the heterocyst envelope was synthesized. A hepK mutation blocked both the synthesis of the heterocyst envelope polysaccharide and induction of hepA. The predicted product of hepK resembles a sensory protein-histidine kinase of a two-component regulatory system. Analysis of the region between hepC and hepA indicated that DNA sequences required for the induction of hepA upon nitrogen deprivation are present between bp -574 and -440 and between bp -340 and -169 relative to the transcriptional start site of hepA. Gel mobility shift assays provided evidence that one or more proteins bind specifically to the latter sequence. The Fox box sequence downstream from hepA appeared inessential for the induction of hepA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhu
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
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Kong R, Mebazaa A, Heitz B, De Briel DA, Kiredjian M, Raskine L, Payen D. Case of triple endocarditis caused by Rothia dentocariosa and results of a survey in France. J Clin Microbiol 1998; 36:309-10. [PMID: 9431976 PMCID: PMC124863 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.36.1.309-310.1998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This is the first case of endocarditis in which Rothia dentocariosa was cultured from three affected valves. In addition, the records of two microbiology laboratories in France showed that R. dentocariosa was rarely involved in severe infection and that positive blood cultures were not associated with endocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care and Service de Bactériologie-Virologie, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
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Le WD, Xie WJ, Kong R, Appel SH. Beta-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity of a hybrid septal cell line associated with increased tau phosphorylation and expression of beta-amyloid precursor protein. J Neurochem 1997; 69:978-85. [PMID: 9282919 DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.69030978.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that beta-amyloid peptide (beta-AP) may induce tau protein phosphorylation, resulting in loss of microtubule binding capacity and formation of paired helical filaments. The mechanism by which beta-AP increases tau phosphorylation, however, is unclear. Using a hybrid septal cell line, SN56, we demonstrate that aggregated beta-AP(1-40) treatment caused cell injury. Accompanying the cell injury, the levels of phosphorylated tau as well as total tau were enhanced as detected immunochemically by AT8, PHF-1, Tau-1, and Tau-5 antibodies. Alkaline phosphatase treatment abolished AT8 and PHF-1 immunoreactivity, confirming that the tau phosphorylation sites were at least at Ser(199/202) and Ser396. In association with the increase in tau phosphorylation, the immunoreactivity of cell-associated and secreted beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta-APP) was markedly elevated. Application of antisense oligonucleotide to beta-APP reduced expression of beta-APP and immunoreactivity of phosphorylated tau. Control peptide beta-AP(1-28) did not produce significant effects on tau phosphorylation, although it slightly increased cell-associated beta-APP. These results suggest that betaAP(1-40)-induced tau phosphorylation may be associated with increased beta-APP expression in degenerated neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- W D Le
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, U.S.A
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Ding H, Peng R, Kong R, Li Y. [Effects of high dietary zinc on mice (II)--Influence on growth, blood composition and immune function]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 1997; 26:325-6. [PMID: 10325647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
The effects of high-dietary-zinc (HZ, 1.5 g/kg) on growth, blood composition and immune function were studied with a high-dietary-zinc model of mice. By 3 weeks, the body weight and food consumption of mice were significantly lower in HZ group than those in control group. The concentrations of hemoglobin and blood calcium decreased significantly and the platelet and cholesterol levels increased significantly in HZ group. The HZ group showed a spleen swelling and depressed immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, Hubei Medical University, Wuhan, China
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Wang H, Peng RX, Wang RK, Kong R. [Antagonizing effect of sodium ferulate on the changes of hepatic antioxidative function induced by ethanol in mice]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 1997; 32:511-4. [PMID: 11596276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Effects of ethanol at different dosages on hepatic antioxidative and detoxicating functions and the antagonizing effect of sodium ferulate have been investigated in mice. The data showed that ethanol (11.4 g.kg-1, ig) could induce the increase of hepatic glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and decreases of hepatic glutathione reductase (GSH-Re), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities and reduce glutathione (GSH) content. At the same time, serum GST activity was increased. Pretreatment with sodium ferulate (100 mg.kg-1 ig, qd x 10 d) completely reversed these changes induced by ig ethanol in mice, indicating that sodium ferulate could protect mice from ethanol-induced acute hepatotoxicity. The hepato-protective mechanism of sodium ferulate may be related to intensification of the function of glutathione oxidative-reductive enzymes, enhancement of SOD activity and promotion of glutathione conjugation. The results also indicate that the serum GST level is a sensitive indicator in ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hubei Medical University, Wuhan 430071
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Kong R, Singer M. Insertion of a pulmonary artery flotation catheter: how to do it. Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 1997; 57:432-5. [PMID: 9274676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This article outlines a safe and successful technique of inserting the pulmonary artery catheter. Readers should regard it as a supplement, not a substitute, to bedside instruction by an experienced and competent clinician.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kong
- Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University College London Medical School
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Le W, Jankovic J, Xie W, Kong R, Appel SH. (-)-Deprenyl protection of 1-methyl-4 phenylpyridium ion (MPP+)-induced apoptosis independent of MAO-B inhibition. Neurosci Lett 1997; 224:197-200. [PMID: 9131670 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(97)00170-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Selective loss of central dopaminergic neurons in vitro and in vivo can be initiated by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) through its metabolite phenylpyridium ion (MPP+). Such MPTP-mediated cytotoxicity can be blocked by (-)-Deprenyl, a monoamine oxidase (MAO)-B inhibitor, but the exact mechanisms of MPP(+)-induced cytotoxicity and (-)-Deprenyl's protection against such neurotoxicity are not fully understood. Using a hybrid clone MES 23.5, a dopaminergic cell line that does not contain MAO-B, we document that MPP+ induces apoptotic cell death. Application of (-)-Deprenyl at concentrations of 0.1-10 microM significantly reduces MPP(+)-induced apoptosis in MES 23.5 cells; (-)-Deprenyl at higher concentrations (> 100 microM) that completely inhibit MAO-B activity, however, induces apoptosis. Pretreatment with N-(2-aminoethyl)-p-chlorobenzamide (Ro 16-6491), a selective MAO-B inhibitor, does not protect MES 23.5 cells against MPP(+)-induced cell death. These results suggest that the protective action of (-)-Deprenyl against MPP+ neuro-toxicity in dopaminergic cell line may be independent of the inhibition of MAO-B.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Le
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Gatecel C, Mebazaa A, Kong R, Guinard N, Kermarrec N, Matéo J, Payen D. Inhaled nitric oxide improves hepatic tissue oxygenation in right ventricular failure: value of hepatic venous oxygen saturation monitoring. Anesthesiology 1995; 82:588-90. [PMID: 7856920 DOI: 10.1097/00000542-199502000-00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Gatecel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
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Kong R, Payen D. Controlling sedation rather than sedation controlling you. Clin Intensive Care 1993; 5:5-7. [PMID: 10150552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Sedation in the intensive care unit (ICU) aims to improve patient comfort and facilitate treatment procedures. Most units still rely on a combination of opioid and benzodiazepines with the addition of other drugs for specific requirements. However, the effect of sedative agents in critically ill patients is often unpredictable, so frequent assessment of the depth of sedation is essential to match the depth to patient requirements. In the 1990s, heavy sedation and paralysis is not considered appropriate for many ICU patients; a minimum sedation approach limits cardiovascular or respiratory depression and enables earlier weaning and extubation of patients. Administering sedative agents by continuous infusion is convenient but, unless the level of sedation is reassessed regularly, many patients may become over-sedated. The use of propofol for short-term sedation in ICUs has allowed the maintenance of sedation to continue until just a few hours before extubation but the benefits of propofol for longer-term indications are more debatable. Closer titration of dose and desired effects could also be achieved by a patient-controlled system. The technique may not be suitable for a large number of patients, particularly early in their ICU stay but, for long-term sedation and in the weaning phase--of sedation as well as ventilation--the utility of a drug delivery system truly controlled by the patient should be further explored. The ICU has been succinctly described as an environment in which 'anxiety is prevalent, pain frequent, rest difficult and sleep impossible'. Sedation in the ICU has the double objective of relieving patient distress as well as facilitating treatment procedures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kong
- Hôpital Universitaire Lariboisière, Paris, France
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