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Sakuma I, Gaspar RC, Luukkonen PK, Kahn M, Zhang D, Zhang X, Murray S, Golla JP, Vatner DF, Samuel VT, Petersen KF, Shulman GI. Lysophosphatidic acid triggers inflammation in the liver and white adipose tissue in rat models of 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 2 deficiency and overnutrition. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2312666120. [PMID: 38127985 PMCID: PMC10756285 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2312666120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AGPAT2 (1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate-acyltransferase-2) converts lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) into phosphatidic acid (PA), and mutations of the AGPAT2 gene cause the most common form of congenital generalized lipodystrophy which leads to steatohepatitis. The underlying mechanism by which AGPAT2 deficiency leads to lipodystrophy and steatohepatitis has not been elucidated. We addressed this question using an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) to knockdown expression of Agpat2 in the liver and white adipose tissue (WAT) of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Agpat2 ASO treatment induced lipodystrophy and inflammation in WAT and the liver, which was associated with increased LPA content in both tissues, whereas PA content was unchanged. We found that a controlled-release mitochondrial protonophore (CRMP) prevented LPA accumulation and inflammation in WAT whereas an ASO against glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase, mitochondrial (Gpam) prevented LPA content and inflammation in the liver in Agpat2 ASO-treated rats. In addition, we show that overnutrition, due to high sucrose feeding, resulted in increased hepatic LPA content and increased activated macrophage content which were both abrogated with Gpam ASO treatment. Taken together, these data identify LPA as a key mediator of liver and WAT inflammation and lipodystrophy due to AGPAT2 deficiency as well as liver inflammation due to overnutrition and identify LPA as a potential therapeutic target to ameliorate these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikki Sakuma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06520
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University, Chiba260-8670, Japan
| | - Rafael C. Gaspar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06520
| | - Panu K. Luukkonen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06520
| | - Mario Kahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06520
| | - Dongyan Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06520
| | - Xuchen Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06520
| | | | - Jaya Prakash Golla
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06520
| | - Daniel F. Vatner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06520
| | - Varman T. Samuel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06520
| | - Kitt Falk Petersen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06520
| | - Gerald I. Shulman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06520
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06520
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD20815
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2
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Zhang X, Lee WD, Leitner BP, Zhu W, Fosam A, Li Z, Gaspar RC, Halberstam AA, Robles B, Rabinowitz JD, Perry RJ. Dichloroacetate as a novel pharmaceutical treatment for cancer-related fatigue in melanoma. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2023; 325:E363-E375. [PMID: 37646579 PMCID: PMC10642987 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00105.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is one of the most common complications in patients with multiple cancer types and severely affects patients' quality of life. However, there have only been single symptom-relieving adjuvant therapies but no effective pharmaceutical treatment for the CRF syndrome. Dichloroacetate (DCA), a small molecule inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, has been tested as a potential therapy to slow tumor growth, based largely on its effects in vitro to halt cell division. We found that although DCA did not affect rates of tumor growth or the efficacy of standard cancer treatment (immunotherapy and chemotherapy) in two murine cancer models, DCA preserved physical function in mice with late-stage tumors by reducing circulating lactate concentrations. In vivo liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry studies suggest that DCA treatment may preserve membrane potential, postpone proteolysis, and relieve oxidative stress in muscles of tumor-bearing mice. In all, this study provides evidence for DCA as a novel pharmaceutical treatment to maintain physical function and motivation in murine models of CRF.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We identify a new metabolic target for cancer-related fatigue, dichloroacetate (DCA). They demonstrate that in mice, DCA preserves physical function and protects against the detrimental effects of cancer treatment by reducing cancer-induced increases in circulating lactate. As DCA is already FDA approved for another indication, these results could be rapidly translated to clinical trials for this condition for which no pharmaceutical therapies exist beyond symptom management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
| | - Won D Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States
- Lewis Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States
| | - Brooks P Leitner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
| | - Wanling Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
| | - Andin Fosam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
| | - Zongyu Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
| | - Rafael C Gaspar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
| | - Alexandra A Halberstam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
| | - Briana Robles
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Joshua D Rabinowitz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States
- Lewis Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Princeton, New Jersey, United States
| | - Rachel J Perry
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
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3
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Leitner BP, Lee WD, Zhu W, Zhang X, Gaspar RC, Li Z, Rabinowitz JD, Perry RJ. Tissue-specific reprogramming of glutamine metabolism maintains tolerance to sepsis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286525. [PMID: 37410734 PMCID: PMC10325078 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming metabolism is of great therapeutic interest for reducing morbidity and mortality during sepsis-induced critical illness. Disappointing results from randomized controlled trials targeting glutamine and antioxidant metabolism in patients with sepsis have begged a deeper understanding of the tissue-specific metabolic response to sepsis. The current study sought to fill this gap. We analyzed skeletal muscle transcriptomics of critically ill patients, versus elective surgical controls, which revealed reduced expression of genes involved in mitochondrial metabolism and electron transport, with increases in glutathione cycling, glutamine, branched chain, and aromatic amino acid transport. We then performed untargeted metabolomics and 13C isotope tracing to analyze systemic and tissue specific metabolic phenotyping in a murine polymicrobial sepsis model. We found an increased number of correlations between the metabolomes of liver, kidney, and spleen, with loss of correlations between the heart and quadriceps and all other organs, pointing to a shared metabolic signature within vital abdominal organs, and unique metabolic signatures for muscles during sepsis. A lowered GSH:GSSG and elevated AMP:ATP ratio in the liver underlie the significant upregulation of isotopically labeled glutamine's contribution to TCA cycle anaplerosis and glutamine-derived glutathione biosynthesis; meanwhile, the skeletal muscle and spleen were the only organs where glutamine's contribution to the TCA cycle was significantly suppressed. These results highlight tissue-specific mitochondrial reprogramming to support liver energetic demands and antioxidant synthesis, rather than global mitochondrial dysfunction, as a metabolic consequence of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooks P. Leitner
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Won D. Lee
- Lewis Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Wanling Zhu
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Rafael C. Gaspar
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Zongyu Li
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Joshua D. Rabinowitz
- Lewis Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Princeton Branch, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Rachel J. Perry
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
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Muñoz VR, Gaspar RC, Mancini MCS, de Lima RD, Vieira RFL, Crisol BM, Antunes GC, Trombeta JCS, Bonfante ILP, Simabuco FM, da Silva ASR, Cavaglieri CR, Ropelle ER, Cintra DE, Pauli JR. Short-term physical exercise controls age-related hyperinsulinemia and improves hepatic metabolism in aged rodents. J Endocrinol Invest 2023; 46:815-827. [PMID: 36318449 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01947-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aging is associated with changes in glucose homeostasis related to both decreased insulin secretion and/or impaired insulin action, contributing to the high prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the elderly population. Additionally, studies are showing that chronically high levels of circulating insulin can also lead to insulin resistance. In contrast, physical exercise has been a strategy used to improve insulin sensitivity and metabolic health. However, the molecular alterations resulting from the effects of physical exercise in the liver on age-related hyperinsulinemia conditions are not yet fully established. This study aimed to investigate the effects of 7 days of aerobic exercise on hepatic metabolism in aged hyperinsulinemic rats (i.e., Wistar and F344) and in Slc2a4+/- mice (hyperglycemic and hyperinsulinemic mice). RESULTS Both aged models showed alterations in insulin and glucose tolerance, which were associated with essential changes in hepatic fat metabolism (lipogenesis, gluconeogenesis, and inflammation). In contrast, 7 days of physical exercise was efficient in improving whole-body glucose and insulin sensitivity, and hepatic metabolism. The Slc2a4+/- mice presented significant metabolic impairments (insulin resistance and hepatic fat accumulation) that were improved by short-term exercise training. In this scenario, high circulating insulin may be an important contributor to age-related insulin resistance and hepatic disarrangements in some specific conditions. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our data demonstrated that short-term aerobic exercise was able to control mechanisms related to hepatic fat accumulation and insulin sensitivity in aged rodents. These effects could contribute to late-life metabolic health and prevent the development/progression of age-related T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- V R Muñoz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R C Gaspar
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M C S Mancini
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R D de Lima
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R F L Vieira
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - B M Crisol
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - G C Antunes
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J C S Trombeta
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory (FISEX), Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - I L P Bonfante
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory (FISEX), Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - F M Simabuco
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A S R da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C R Cavaglieri
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory (FISEX), Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - E R Ropelle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
- OCRC-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology of Obesity and Diabetes, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - D E Cintra
- OCRC-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J R Pauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.
- OCRC-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
- National Institute of Science and Technology of Obesity and Diabetes, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Gaspar RC, Lyu K, Hubbard BT, Leitner BP, Luukkonen PK, Hirabara SM, Sakuma I, Nasiri A, Zhang D, Kahn M, Cline GW, Pauli JR, Perry RJ, Petersen KF, Shulman GI. Distinct subcellular localisation of intramyocellular lipids and reduced PKCε/PKCθ activity preserve muscle insulin sensitivity in exercise-trained mice. Diabetologia 2023; 66:567-578. [PMID: 36456864 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05838-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Athletes exhibit increased muscle insulin sensitivity, despite increased intramuscular triacylglycerol content. This phenomenon has been coined the 'athlete's paradox' and is poorly understood. Recent findings suggest that the subcellular distribution of sn-1,2-diacylglycerols (DAGs) in the plasma membrane leading to activation of novel protein kinase Cs (PKCs) is a crucial pathway to inducing insulin resistance. Here, we hypothesised that regular aerobic exercise would preserve muscle insulin sensitivity by preventing increases in plasma membrane sn-1,2-DAGs and activation of PKCε and PKCθ despite promoting increases in muscle triacylglycerol content. METHODS C57BL/6J mice were allocated to three groups (regular chow feeding [RC]; high-fat diet feeding [HFD]; RC feeding and running wheel exercise [RC-EXE]). We used a novel LC-MS/MS/cellular fractionation method to assess DAG stereoisomers in five subcellular compartments (plasma membrane [PM], endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, lipid droplets and cytosol) in the skeletal muscle. RESULTS We found that the HFD group had a greater content of sn-DAGs and ceramides in multiple subcellular compartments compared with the RC mice, which was associated with an increase in PKCε and PKCθ translocation. However, the RC-EXE mice showed, of particular note, a reduction in PM sn-1,2-DAG and ceramide content when compared with HFD mice. Consistent with the PM sn-1,2-DAG-novel PKC hypothesis, we observed an increase in phosphorylation of threonine1150 on the insulin receptor kinase (IRKT1150), and reductions in insulin-stimulated IRKY1162 phosphorylation and IRS-1-associated phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity in HFD compared with RC and RC-EXE mice, which are sites of PKCε and PKCθ action, respectively. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These results demonstrate that lower PKCθ/PKCε activity and sn-1,2-DAG content, especially in the PM compartment, can explain the preserved muscle insulin sensitivity in RC-EXE mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael C Gaspar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- School of Applied Science, University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Kun Lyu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Brandon T Hubbard
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Brooks P Leitner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Panu K Luukkonen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sandro M Hirabara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Institute of Physical Activity Science and Sports, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ikki Sakuma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ali Nasiri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Dongyan Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mario Kahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gary W Cline
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Rachel J Perry
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kitt F Petersen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gerald I Shulman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Luukkonen PK, Sakuma I, Gaspar RC, Mooring M, Nasiri A, Kahn M, Zhang XM, Zhang D, Sammalkorpi H, Penttilä AK, Orho-Melander M, Arola J, Juuti A, Zhang X, Yimlamai D, Yki-Järvinen H, Petersen KF, Shulman GI. Inhibition of HSD17B13 protects against liver fibrosis by inhibition of pyrimidine catabolism in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2217543120. [PMID: 36669104 PMCID: PMC9942818 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2217543120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, in which prognosis is determined by liver fibrosis. A common variant in hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 13 (HSD17B13, rs72613567-A) is associated with a reduced risk of fibrosis in NAFLD, but the underlying mechanism(s) remains unclear. We investigated the effects of this variant in the human liver and in Hsd17b13 knockdown in mice by using a state-of-the-art metabolomics approach. We demonstrate that protection against liver fibrosis conferred by the HSD17B13 rs72613567-A variant in humans and by the Hsd17b13 knockdown in mice is associated with decreased pyrimidine catabolism at the level of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase. Furthermore, we show that hepatic pyrimidines are depleted in two distinct mouse models of NAFLD and that inhibition of pyrimidine catabolism by gimeracil phenocopies the HSD17B13-induced protection against liver fibrosis. Our data suggest pyrimidine catabolism as a therapeutic target against the development of liver fibrosis in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panu K. Luukkonen
- aDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven06520, CT
- bAbdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki00290, Finland
- cMinerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki00290, Finland
| | - Ikki Sakuma
- aDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven06520, CT
| | - Rafael C. Gaspar
- aDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven06520, CT
| | - Meghan Mooring
- dDepartment of Pediatrics, The Yale Liver Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven06520, CT
| | - Ali Nasiri
- aDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven06520, CT
| | - Mario Kahn
- aDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven06520, CT
| | - Xian-Man Zhang
- aDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven06520, CT
| | - Dongyan Zhang
- aDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven06520, CT
| | - Henna Sammalkorpi
- eDepartment of Abdominal Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki00290, Finland
| | - Anne K. Penttilä
- eDepartment of Abdominal Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki00290, Finland
| | - Marju Orho-Melander
- fDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö21428, Sweden
| | - Johanna Arola
- gDepartment of Pathology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki00290, Finland
| | - Anne Juuti
- eDepartment of Abdominal Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki00290, Finland
| | - Xuchen Zhang
- hDepartment of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven06520, CT
| | - Dean Yimlamai
- dDepartment of Pediatrics, The Yale Liver Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven06520, CT
| | - Hannele Yki-Järvinen
- cMinerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki00290, Finland
- iDepartment of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki00290, Finland
| | - Kitt Falk Petersen
- aDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven06520, CT
| | - Gerald I. Shulman
- aDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven06520, CT
- jDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven06520, CT
- 1To whom correspondence may be addressed.
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Hubbard BT, LaMoia TE, Goedeke L, Gaspar RC, Galsgaard KD, Kahn M, Mason GF, Shulman GI. Q-Flux: A method to assess hepatic mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase, methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, and glutaminase fluxes in vivo. Cell Metab 2023; 35:212-226.e4. [PMID: 36516861 PMCID: PMC9887731 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) complex has recently been shown as capable of operating bidirectionally. Here, we develop a method (Q-Flux) capable of measuring absolute rates of both forward (VSDH(F)) and reverse (VSDH(R)) flux through SDH in vivo while also deconvoluting the amount of glucose derived from four discreet carbon sources in the liver. In validation studies, a mitochondrial uncoupler increased net SDH flux by >100% in awake rodents but also increased SDH cycling. During hyperglucagonemia, attenuated pyruvate cycling enhances phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase efficiency to drive increased gluconeogenesis, which is complemented by increased glutaminase (GLS) flux, methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MUT) flux, and glycerol conversion to glucose. During hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, both pyruvate carboxylase and GLS are suppressed, while VSDH(R) is increased. Unstimulated MUT is a minor anaplerotic reaction but is readily induced by small amounts of propionate, which elicits glucagon-like metabolic rewiring. Taken together, Q-Flux yields a comprehensive picture of hepatic mitochondrial metabolism and should be broadly useful to researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon T Hubbard
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Traci E LaMoia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Leigh Goedeke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Rafael C Gaspar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Katrine D Galsgaard
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Mario Kahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Graeme F Mason
- Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Departments of Psychiatry & Biomedical Engineering, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Gerald I Shulman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
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8
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Brícola RS, Cordeiro AV, Crisol BM, Braga RR, de Melo DG, Rocha MB, Gaspar RC, Nakandakari SCBR, Silva VRR, Anaruma CP, Katashima CK, Canciglieri RDS, Munõz VR, Pavan ICB, Pinto AP, Simabuco FM, Silva ASRD, Moura LP, Pauli JR, Cintra DE, Ropelle ER. Aging reduces ABHD5 protein content in the adipose tissue of mice: The reversal effect of exercise. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:128-137. [PMID: 36515301 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunction of the adipose tissue metabolism is considered as a significant hallmark of aging. It has been proposed that α-β hydrolase domain containing 5 (ABHD5) plays a critical role in the control of lipolysis. However, the role of ABHD5 in the control of lipolysis during aging or exercise is unknown. Here we combined the experimental mouse model with transcriptomic analyzes by using murine and human databases to explore the role of ABHD5 in the adipose tissue during aging and in response to exercise. Transcriptomic data revealed a downregulation of Abhd5 messenger RNA levels in the subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT) over time in individuals from 20 to 69 years old. Aged mice displayed dramatic reduction of ABHD5 protein content and lipolytic-related proteins in the scWAT. Interestingly, 4 weeks of high-intensity interval training increased ABHD5 protein level and restored the lipolytic pathway in the scWAT of aged mice. Altogether, our findings demonstrated that aging affects ABHD5 content in the adipose tissue of mice and humans. Conversely, exercise increases ABHD5 activity, recovering the lipolytic activity in aged mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael S Brícola
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André V Cordeiro
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Barbara M Crisol
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata R Braga
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diego G de Melo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Matheus B Rocha
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael C Gaspar
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Susana C B R Nakandakari
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics (LabGeN), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vagner R R Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Chadi P Anaruma
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos K Katashima
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raphael D S Canciglieri
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vitor R Munõz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isadora C B Pavan
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana P Pinto
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando M Simabuco
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adelino S R da Silva
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro P Moura
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.,CEPECE-Center of Research in Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José R Pauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.,CEPECE-Center of Research in Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cell Signaling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dennys E Cintra
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics (LabGeN), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cell Signaling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo R Ropelle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.,CEPECE-Center of Research in Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cell Signaling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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9
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Muñoz VR, Gaspar RC, Severino MB, Macêdo APA, Simabuco FM, Ropelle ER, Cintra DE, da Silva ASR, Kim YB, Pauli JR. Exercise Counterbalances Rho/ROCK2 Signaling Impairment in the Skeletal Muscle and Ameliorates Insulin Sensitivity in Obese Mice. Front Immunol 2021; 12:702025. [PMID: 34234788 PMCID: PMC8256841 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.702025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise is considered a fundamental strategy in improving insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this regulation, primarily on skeletal muscle glucose uptake, are not fully understood. Recent evidence has shown that Rho-kinase (ROCK) isoforms play a pivotal role in regulating skeletal muscle glucose uptake and systemic glucose homeostasis. The current study evaluated the effect of physical exercise on ROCK2 signaling in skeletal muscle of insulin-resistant obese animals. Physiological (ITT) and molecular analysis (immunoblotting, and RT-qPCR) were performed. The contents of RhoA and ROCK2 protein were decreased in skeletal muscle of obese mice compared to control mice but were restored to normal levels in response to physical exercise. The exercised animals also showed higher phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1 Serine 632/635) and protein kinase B (Akt) in the skeletal muscle. However, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and protein-tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP-1B), both inhibitory regulators for insulin action, were increased in obesity but decreased after exercise. The impact of ROCK2 action on muscle insulin signaling is further underscored by the fact that impaired IRS1 and Akt phosphorylation caused by palmitate in C2C12 myotubes was entirely restored by ROCK2 overexpression. These results suggest that the exercise-induced upregulation of RhoA-ROCK2 signaling in skeletal muscle is associated with increased systemic insulin sensitivity in obese mice and further implicate that muscle ROCK2 could be a potential target for treating obesity-linked metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor R Muñoz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Rafael C Gaspar
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Matheus B Severino
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Ana P A Macêdo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Fernando M Simabuco
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Eduardo R Ropelle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Dennys E Cintra
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Adelino S R da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Young-Bum Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - José Rodrigo Pauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
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10
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Gaspar RC, Nakandakari SCBR, Muñoz VR, Vieira RFL, da Silva ASR, Cintra DE, de Moura LP, Ropelle ER, Pauli JR. Acute physical exercise increases PI3K-p110α protein content in the hypothalamus of obese mice. J Anat 2021; 238:743-750. [PMID: 33094520 PMCID: PMC7855078 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The anatomy of the hypothalamus includes many nuclei and a complex network of neurocircuits. In this context, some hypothalamic nuclei reside closer to the blood-brain barrier, allowing communication with the peripheral organs through some molecules, such as leptin. Leptin is considered the main adipokine for energy homeostasis control. Furthermore, leptin signalling in the hypothalamus can communicate with insulin signalling through the activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3k). Previous data suggest that isoforms of PI3k are necessary to mediate insulin action in the hypothalamus. However, obese animals show impairment in the central signalling of these hormones. Thus, in the current study, we evaluated the role of acute exercise in the leptin and insulin pathways in the hypothalamus, as well as in food intake control in obese mice. Although acute physical exercise was not able to modulate leptin signalling, this protocol suppressed the increase in the suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 (SOCS3) protein levels. In addition, acute exercise increased the content of PI3k-p110α protein in the hypothalamus. The exercised animals showed a strong tendency to reduction in cumulative food intake. For the first time, our results indicate physical exercise can increase PI3k-p110α protein content in the hypothalamus of obese mice and regulate food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael C. Gaspar
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of ExerciseUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP)LimeiraBrazil
| | | | - Vitor R. Muñoz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of ExerciseUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP)LimeiraBrazil
| | - Renan F. L. Vieira
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of ExerciseUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP)LimeiraBrazil
| | - Adelino S. R. da Silva
- Post‐graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional PerformanceRibeirão Preto Medical SchoolUSPRibeirão PretoBrazil
| | - Dennys E. Cintra
- Laboratory of Nutritional GenomicsUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP)LimeiraBrazil,Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC)University of CampinasCampinasBrazil
| | - Leandro P. de Moura
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of ExerciseUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP)LimeiraBrazil,Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC)University of CampinasCampinasBrazil,CEPECE ‐ Center of Research in Sport Sciences. School of Applied SciencesUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP)LimeiraBrazil
| | - Eduardo R. Ropelle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of ExerciseUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP)LimeiraBrazil,Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC)University of CampinasCampinasBrazil,CEPECE ‐ Center of Research in Sport Sciences. School of Applied SciencesUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP)LimeiraBrazil
| | - José Rodrigo Pauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of ExerciseUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP)LimeiraBrazil,Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC)University of CampinasCampinasBrazil,CEPECE ‐ Center of Research in Sport Sciences. School of Applied SciencesUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP)LimeiraBrazil
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11
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Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has been encouraged as a potential treatment for obesity and comorbidities due to its thermogenic activity capacity and contribution to energy expenditure. Some interventions such as cold and β-adrenergic drugs are able to activate BAT thermogenesis as well as promote differentiation of white adipocytes into brown-like cells (browning), enhancing the thermogenic activity of these cells. In this mini-review, we discuss new mechanisms related to BAT and energy expenditure. In this regard, we will also discuss recent studies that have revealed the existence of important secretory molecules from BAT "batokines" that act in autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine mechanisms, which in turn may explain some of the beneficial roles of BAT on whole body glucose and fat metabolism. Finally, we will discuss new insights related to BAT thermogenesis with an additional focus on the distinct features of BAT metabolism between rodents and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael C Gaspar
- Department of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - José R Pauli
- Department of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- OCRC-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gerald I Shulman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Vitor R Muñoz
- Department of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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12
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Lyu K, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Kahn M, Ter Horst KW, Rodrigues MRS, Gaspar RC, Hirabara SM, Luukkonen PK, Lee S, Bhanot S, Rinehart J, Blume N, Rasch MG, Serlie MJ, Bogan JS, Cline GW, Samuel VT, Shulman GI. A Membrane-Bound Diacylglycerol Species Induces PKCϵ-Mediated Hepatic Insulin Resistance. Cell Metab 2020; 32:654-664.e5. [PMID: 32882164 PMCID: PMC7544641 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is strongly associated with hepatic insulin resistance (HIR); however, the key lipid species and molecular mechanisms linking these conditions are widely debated. We developed a subcellular fractionation method to quantify diacylglycerol (DAG) stereoisomers and ceramides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), mitochondria, plasma membrane (PM), lipid droplets, and cytosol. Acute knockdown (KD) of diacylglycerol acyltransferase-2 in liver induced HIR in rats. This was due to PM sn-1,2-DAG accumulation, which promoted PKCϵ activation and insulin receptor kinase (IRK)-T1160 phosphorylation, resulting in decreased IRK-Y1162 phosphorylation. Liver PM sn-1,2-DAG content and IRK-T1160 phosphorylation were also higher in humans with HIR. In rats, liver-specific PKCϵ KD ameliorated high-fat diet-induced HIR by lowering IRK-T1160 phosphorylation, while liver-specific overexpression of constitutively active PKCϵ-induced HIR by promoting IRK-T1160 phosphorylation. These data identify PM sn-1,2-DAGs as the key pool of lipids that activate PKCϵ and that hepatic PKCϵ is both necessary and sufficient in mediating HIR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Lyu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Dongyan Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Mario Kahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Kasper W Ter Horst
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marcos R S Rodrigues
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; School of Medicine, State University of Ponta Grossa, Avenida General Carlos Cavalcanti, Ponta Grossa, PR 84030-900, Brazil
| | - Rafael C Gaspar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, School of Applied Science, University of Campinas, Limeira, SP 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Sandro M Hirabara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Postgraduate Interdisciplinary Program of Health Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, Sao Paulo, SP 01506-000, Brazil
| | - Panu K Luukkonen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Seohyuk Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | | | - Jesse Rinehart
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Niels Blume
- CV Research, Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park, 2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | | | - Mireille J Serlie
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jonathan S Bogan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Gary W Cline
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Varman T Samuel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Gerald I Shulman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
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13
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Crisol BM, Veiga CB, Braga RR, Lenhare L, Baptista IL, Gaspar RC, Muñoz VR, Cordeiro AV, da Silva ASR, Cintra DE, Moura LP, Pauli JR, Ropelle ER. NAD + precursor increases aerobic performance in mice. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:2427-2437. [PMID: 31494696 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02089-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nicotinamide riboside (NR) acts as a potent NAD+ precursor and improves mitochondrial oxidative capacity and mitochondrial biogenesis in several organisms. However, the effects of NR supplementation on aerobic performance remain unclear. Here, we evaluated the effects of NR supplementation on the muscle metabolism and aerobic capacity of sedentary and trained mice. METHODS Male C57BL/6 J mice were supplemented with NR (400 mg/Kg/day) over 5 and 10 weeks. The training protocol consisted of 5 weeks of treadmill aerobic exercise, for 60 min a day, 5 days a week. Bioinformatic and physiological assays were combined with biochemical and molecular assays to evaluate the experimental groups. RESULTS NR supplementation by itself did not change the aerobic performance, even though 5 weeks of NR supplementation increased NAD+ levels in the skeletal muscle. However, combining NR supplementation and aerobic training increased the aerobic performance compared to the trained group. This was accompanied by an increased protein content of NMNAT3, the rate-limiting enzyme for NAD + biosynthesis and mitochondrial proteins, including MTCO1 and ATP5a. Interestingly, the transcriptomic analysis using a large panel of isogenic strains of BXD mice confirmed that the Nmnat3 gene in the skeletal muscle is correlated with several mitochondrial markers and with different phenotypes related to physical exercise. Finally, NR supplementation during aerobic training markedly increased the amount of type I fibers in the skeletal muscle. CONCLUSION Taken together, our results indicate that NR may be an interesting strategy to improve mitochondrial metabolism and aerobic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara M Crisol
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, SP, 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Camilla B Veiga
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics (LabGeN), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata R Braga
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, SP, 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Luciene Lenhare
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, SP, 13484-350, Brazil.,Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Igor L Baptista
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael C Gaspar
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, SP, 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Vitor R Muñoz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, SP, 13484-350, Brazil
| | - André V Cordeiro
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, SP, 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Adelino S R da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,Medical School, and Postgraduate Program in Physical Education and Sport, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Dennys E Cintra
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics (LabGeN), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Leandro P Moura
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, SP, 13484-350, Brazil.,CEPECE-Center of Research in Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - José R Pauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, SP, 13484-350, Brazil.,CEPECE-Center of Research in Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo R Ropelle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, SP, 13484-350, Brazil. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil. .,CEPECE-Center of Research in Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, SP, Brazil.
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14
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Pinto AP, da Rocha AL, Kohama EB, Gaspar RC, Simabuco FM, Frantz FG, de Moura LP, Pauli JR, Cintra DE, Ropelle ER, de Freitas EC, da Silva ASR. Exhaustive acute exercise-induced ER stress is attenuated in IL-6-knockout mice. J Endocrinol 2019; 240:181-193. [PMID: 30400033 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and inflammation relationship occurs at different levels and is essential for the adequate homeostatic function of cellular systems, becoming harmful when chronically engaged. Intense physical exercise enhances serum levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6). In response to a chronic exhaustive physical exercise protocol, our research group verified an increase of the IL-6 concentration and ER stress proteins in extensor digitorium longus (EDL) and soleus. Based on these results, we hypothesized that IL-6-knockout mice would demonstrate a lower modulation in the ER stress proteins compared to the wild-type mice. To clarify the relationship between exercise-induced IL-6 increased and ER stress, we studied the effects of an acute exhaustive physical exercise protocol on the levels of ER stress proteins in the skeletal muscles of IL-6-knockout (KO) mice. The WT group displayed a higher exhaustion time compared to the IL-6 KO group. After 1 h of the acute exercise protocol, the serum levels of IL-6 and IL-10 were enhanced in the WT group. Independent of the experimental group, the CHOP and cleaved caspase 12/total caspase 12 ratio in EDL as well as ATF6 and CHOP in soleus were sensitive to the acute exercise protocol. Compared to the WT group, the oscillation patterns over time of BiP in EDL and soleus as well as of peIF2-alpha/eIF2-alpha ratio in soleus were attenuated for the IL-6 KO group. In conclusion, IL-6 seems to be related with the ER stress homeostasis, once knockout mice presented attenuation of BiP in EDL and soleus as well as of pEiF2-alpha/EiF2-alpha ratio in soleus after the acute exhaustive physical exercise protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Pinto
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alisson L da Rocha
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eike B Kohama
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael C Gaspar
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando M Simabuco
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiani G Frantz
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological, and Bromatological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro P de Moura
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José R Pauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dennys E Cintra
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo R Ropelle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ellen C de Freitas
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adelino S R da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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15
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Muñoz VR, Gaspar RC, Kuga GK, Nakandakari SCBR, Baptista IL, Mekary RA, da Silva ASR, de Moura LP, Ropelle ER, Cintra DE, Pauli JR. Exercise decreases CLK2 in the liver of obese mice and prevents hepatic fat accumulation. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:5885-5892. [PMID: 29575149 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The accumulation of fatty acids in the liver associated with obesity condition is also known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The impaired fat oxidation in obesity condition leads to increased hepatic fat accumulation and increased metabolic syndrome risk. On the other hand, physical exercise has been demonstrated as a potent strategy in the prevention of NAFLD. Also, these beneficial effects of exercise occur through different mechanisms. Recently, the Cdc2-like kinase (CLK2) protein was associated with the suppression of fatty acid oxidation and hepatic ketogenesis. Thus, obese animals demonstrated elevated levels of hepatic CLK2 and decreased fat acid oxidation. Here, we explored the effects of chronic physical exercise in the hepatic metabolism of obese mice. Swiss mice were distributed in Lean, Obese (fed with high-fat diet during 16 weeks) and Trained Obese group (fed with high-fat diet during 16 weeks and exercised (at 60% exhaustion velocity during 1 h/5 days/week) during 8 weeks. In our results, the obese animals showed insulin resistance, increased hepatic CLK2 content and increased hepatic fat accumulation compared to the Lean group. Otherwise, the chronic physical exercise improved insulin resistance state, prevented the increased CLK2 in the liver and attenuated hepatic fat accumulation. In summary, these data reveal a new protein involved in the prevention of hepatic fat accumulation after chronic physical exercise. More studies can evidence the negative role of CLK2 in the control of liver metabolism, contributing to the improvement of insulin resistance, obesity, and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor R Muñoz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael C Gaspar
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel K Kuga
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Susana C B R Nakandakari
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Igor L Baptista
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rania A Mekary
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Social and Administrative Sciences, MCPHS University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Adelino S R da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro P de Moura
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.,OCRC-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.,CEPECE-Center of Research in Sport Sciences. School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo R Ropelle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.,OCRC-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.,CEPECE-Center of Research in Sport Sciences. School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dennys E Cintra
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.,OCRC-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José R Pauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.,OCRC-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.,CEPECE-Center of Research in Sport Sciences. School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
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16
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Crisol BM, Lenhare L, Gaspar RS, Gaspar RC, Muñoz VR, da Silva AS, Cintra DE, de Moura LP, Pauli JR, Ropelle ER. The role of physical exercise on Sestrin1 and 2 accumulations in the skeletal muscle of mice. Life Sci 2018; 194:98-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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17
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Muñoz VR, Gaspar RC, Kuga GK, da Rocha AL, Crisol BM, Botezelli JD, Baptista IL, Mekary RA, da Silva ASR, Cintra DE, de Moura LP, Ropelle ER, Pauli JR. Exercise increases Rho-kinase activity and insulin signaling in skeletal muscle. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:4791-4800. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vitor R. Muñoz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise; University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Limeira São Paulo Brazil
| | - Rafael C. Gaspar
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise; University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Limeira São Paulo Brazil
| | - Gabriel K. Kuga
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise; University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Limeira São Paulo Brazil
| | - Alisson L. da Rocha
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance,; Ribeirão Preto Medical School, USP; Ribeirão Preto São Paulo Brazil
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo (USP); Ribeirão Preto São Paulo Brazil
| | - Barbara M. Crisol
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise; University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Limeira São Paulo Brazil
| | - José D. Botezelli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise; University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Limeira São Paulo Brazil
| | - Igor L. Baptista
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology; University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Limeira São Paulo Brazil
| | - Rania A. Mekary
- Department of Nutrition; Harvard T. Chan School of Public Health; Boston Massachusetts
- Department of Pharmaceutical Business and Administrative Sciences; MCPHS University; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Adelino S. R. da Silva
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology; University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Limeira São Paulo Brazil
| | - Dennys E. Cintra
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics; University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Limeira São Paulo Brazil
- OCRC - Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center; University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Leandro P. de Moura
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise; University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Limeira São Paulo Brazil
- OCRC - Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center; University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Campinas São Paulo Brazil
- CEPECE - Center of Research in Sport Sciences. School of Applied Sciences; University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Limeira São Paulo Brazil
| | - Eduardo R. Ropelle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise; University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Limeira São Paulo Brazil
- OCRC - Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center; University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Campinas São Paulo Brazil
- CEPECE - Center of Research in Sport Sciences. School of Applied Sciences; University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Limeira São Paulo Brazil
| | - José R. Pauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise; University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Limeira São Paulo Brazil
- OCRC - Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center; University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Campinas São Paulo Brazil
- CEPECE - Center of Research in Sport Sciences. School of Applied Sciences; University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Limeira São Paulo Brazil
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18
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Rodrigues BDA, Muñoz VR, Kuga GK, Gaspar RC, Nakandakari SCBR, Crisol BM, Botezelli JD, Pauli LSS, da Silva ASR, de Moura LP, Cintra DE, Ropelle ER, Pauli JR. Obesity Increases Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphatase-3 Levels in the Hypothalamus of Mice. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:313. [PMID: 29062272 PMCID: PMC5640777 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Phosphatase 3 (MKP-3) has been involved in the negative regulation of insulin signaling. The absence of MKP-3 is also associated with reduced adiposity, increased energy expenditure and improved insulin sensitivity. The MKP-3 is known as the main Erk1/2 phosphatase and FoxO1 activator, which has repercussions on the gluconeogenesis pathway and hyperglycemia in obese mice. Recently, we showed that MKP-3 overexpression decreases FoxO1 phosphorylation in the hypothalamus of lean mice. However, the hypothalamic interaction between MKP-3 and FoxO1 during obesity was not investigated yet. Here, the MKP-3 expression and the effects on food intake and energy expenditure, were investigated in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. The results indicate that obesity in mice increased the MKP-3 protein content in the hypothalamus. This hypothalamic upregulation led to an increase of food intake, adiposity, and body weight. Furthermore, the obese mice with increased MKP-3 showed an insulin signaling impairment with reduction of insulin-induced FoxO1 and Erk1/2 phosphorylation in the hypothalamus. Moreover, a bioinformatics analysis of data demonstrated that hypothalamic MKP-3 mRNA levels were positively correlated with body weight and negatively correlated to oxygen consumption (VO2) in BXD mice. Taken together, our study reports that obesity is associated with increased protein levels of hypothalamic MKP-3, which is related to the reduction of FoxO1 and Erk1/2 phosphorylation in the hypothalamus as well as to an increase in body weight and a reduction in energy expenditure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara de A Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vitor R Muñoz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel K Kuga
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Post-Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael C Gaspar
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Susana C B R Nakandakari
- OCRC-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Barbara M Crisol
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José D Botezelli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana S S Pauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adelino S R da Silva
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro P de Moura
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil.,OCRC-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil.,CEPECE-Center of Research in Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dennys E Cintra
- OCRC-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo R Ropelle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil.,OCRC-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil.,CEPECE-Center of Research in Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José R Pauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil.,OCRC-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil.,CEPECE-Center of Research in Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Silva VRR, Katashima CK, Lenhare L, Silva CGB, Camargo RL, Cordeiro AV, Forte LDM, Gaspar RC, Muñoz VR, Cintra DE, Pauli JR, Blouet C, Vidal-Puig A, Ropelle ER. Hypoxia-inducible Factor 2 Alpha Mediates Exercise-induced Hypothalamic Glucose Sensing. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000519709.07040.00] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Gaspar RC, Muñoz VR, Mekary RA, Moura LP, Sant’Ana MR, Quaresma P, Prada PO, Marinho R, Pauli JR. Exercise Reduces Hepatic Gluconeogenesis in Obese and Insulin Resistant Animals Through CLK2 Protein (Cdc2-Like Kinase). Med Sci Sports Exerc 2016. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000486577.47720.6c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Muñoz VR, Lima IS, Moura LP, Gaspar RC, Mekary RA, Silva VR, Ropelle ER, Kim YB, Pauli JR. Acute Physical Exercise Increases Glucose Uptake in Skeletal Muscle of Old Rats Through Rho-Kinase Metabolism. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2016. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000486736.86250.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Moura LP, Muñoz VR, Lima IS, Gaspar RC, Veiga CB, Ropelle ER, Cintra DE, Silva ASR, Botezelli JD, Mekary RA, Kang MC, Kim YB, Pauli JR. Physical Exercise Increases Glucose Uptake in Skeletal Muscle of Obese Mice Through Rho-Kinase Metabolism. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2016. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000487245.71186.cd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Lenhare L, Silva VR, Katashima CK, Micheletti TO, Botezelli JD, Gaspar RC, Gaspar RS, Muñoz VR, Marinho R, Moura LP, Cintra DE, Pauli JR, Ropelle ER. Chronic Exercise Reduces The Sirt1 S-nitrosation In The Liver Of Old Mice. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2016. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000487713.37980.b9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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