1
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Dzara M, Campello AC, Breidenbach AT, Strange NA, Park JE, Ambrosini A, Coker EN, Ginley DS, Lee YS, Bell RT, Smaha RW. Influence of the Rare Earth Cation on the Magnetic Properties of Layered 12R-Ba 4M 4+Mn 3O 12 (M = Ce, Pr) Perovskites. Chem Mater 2024; 36:2810-2818. [PMID: 38558918 PMCID: PMC10976642 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c03014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Material design is increasingly used to realize desired functional properties, and the perovskite structure family is one of the richest and most diverse: perovskites are employed in many applications due to their structural flexibility and compositional diversity. Hexagonal, layered perovskite structures with chains of face-sharing transition metal oxide octahedra have attracted great interest as quantum materials due to their magnetic and electronic properties. Ba4MMn3O12, a member of the "12R" class of hexagonal, layered perovskites, contains trimers of face-sharing MnO6 octahedra that are linked by a corner-sharing, bridging MO6 octahedron. Here, we investigate cluster magnetism in the Mn3O12 trimers and the role of this bridging octahedron on the magnetic properties of two isostructural 12R materials by systematically changing the M4+ cation from nonmagnetic Ce4+ (f0) to magnetic Pr4+ (f1). We synthesized 12R-Ba4MMn3O12 (M= Ce, Pr) with high phase purity and characterized their low-temperature crystal structures and magnetic properties. Using substantially higher purity samples than previously reported, we confirm the frustrated antiferromagnetic ground state of 12R-Ba4PrMn3O12 below TN ≈ 7.75 K and explore the cluster magnetism of its Mn3O12 trimers. Despite being atomically isostructural with 12R-Ba4CeMn3O12, the f1 electron associated with Pr4+ causes much more complex magnetic properties in 12R-Ba4PrMn3O12. In 12R-Ba4PrMn3O12, we observe a sharp, likely antiferromagnetic transition at T2 ≈ 12.15 K and an additional transition at T1 ≈ 200 K, likely in canted antiferromagnetic order. These results suggest that careful variation of composition within the family of hexagonal, layered perovskites can be used to tune material properties using the complex role of the Pr4+ ion in magnetism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael
J. Dzara
- National
Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Arthur C. Campello
- Stanford
Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
- Department
of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Aeryn T. Breidenbach
- Stanford
Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Nicholas A. Strange
- Stanford
Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC
National Accelerator, Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - James Eujin Park
- Sandia
National
Laboratories, PO Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | - Andrea Ambrosini
- Sandia
National
Laboratories, PO Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | - Eric N. Coker
- Sandia
National
Laboratories, PO Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | - David S. Ginley
- National
Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Young S. Lee
- Stanford
Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
- Department
of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Robert T. Bell
- National
Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Rebecca W. Smaha
- National
Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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2
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Sherbondy R, Smaha RW, Bartel CJ, Holtz ME, Talley KR, Levy-Wendt B, Perkins CL, Eley S, Zakutayev A, Brennecka GL. High-Throughput Selection and Experimental Realization of Two New Ce-Based Nitride Perovskites: CeMoN 3 and CeWN 3. Chem Mater 2022; 34:6883-6893. [PMID: 35965892 PMCID: PMC9367680 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c01282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitride perovskites have only been experimentally realized in very few cases despite the widespread existence and commercial importance of perovskite materials. From oxide perovskites used in ultrasonics to halide perovskites that have revolutionized the photovoltaics industry, the discovery of new perovskite materials has historically impacted a wide number of fields. Here, we add two new perovskites, CeWN3 and CeMoN3, to the list of experimentally realized perovskite nitrides using high-throughput computational screening and subsequent high-throughput thin film growth techniques. Candidate compositions are first down-selected using a tolerance factor and then thermochemical stability. A novel competing fluorite-family phase is identified for both material systems, which we hypothesize is a transient intermediate phase that crystallizes during the evolution from an amorphous material to a stable perovskite. Different processing routes to overcome the competing fluorite phase and obtain phase-pure nitride perovskites are demonstrated for the CeMoN3-x and CeWN3-x material systems, which provide a starting point for the development of future nitride perovskites. Additionally, we find that these new perovskite phases have interesting low-temperature magnetic behavior: CeMoN3-x orders antiferromagnetically below T N ≈ 8 K with indications of strong magnetic frustration, while CeWN3-x exhibits no long-range order down to T = 2 K but has strong antiferromagnetic correlations. This work demonstrates the importance and effectiveness of using high-throughput techniques, both computational and experimental: they are integral to optimize the process of realizing two entirely novel nitride perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Sherbondy
- Materials
Science Center, National Renewable Energy
Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
- Metallurgical
and Materials Engineering Department, Colorado
School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Rebecca W. Smaha
- Materials
Science Center, National Renewable Energy
Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Christopher J. Bartel
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Megan E. Holtz
- Metallurgical
and Materials Engineering Department, Colorado
School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Kevin R. Talley
- Materials
Science Center, National Renewable Energy
Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Ben Levy-Wendt
- SLAC
National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94305, United States
| | - Craig L. Perkins
- Materials
Science Center, National Renewable Energy
Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Serena Eley
- Department
of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Andriy Zakutayev
- Materials
Science Center, National Renewable Energy
Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Geoff L. Brennecka
- Metallurgical
and Materials Engineering Department, Colorado
School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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3
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Greenaway AL, Ke S, Culman T, Talley KR, Mangum JS, Heinselman KN, Kingsbury RS, Smaha RW, Gish MK, Miller EM, Persson KA, Gregoire JM, Bauers SR, Neaton JB, Tamboli AC, Zakutayev A. Zinc Titanium Nitride Semiconductor toward Durable Photoelectrochemical Applications. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13673-13687. [PMID: 35857885 PMCID: PMC9354241 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Photoelectrochemical fuel generation is a promising route
to sustainable
liquid fuels produced from water and captured carbon dioxide with
sunlight as the energy input. Development of these technologies requires
photoelectrode materials that are both photocatalytically active and
operationally stable in harsh oxidative and/or reductive electrochemical
environments. Such photocatalysts can be discovered based on co-design
principles, wherein design for stability is based on the propensity
for the photocatalyst to self-passivate under operating conditions
and design for photoactivity is based on the ability to integrate
the photocatalyst with established semiconductor substrates. Here,
we report on the synthesis and characterization of zinc titanium nitride
(ZnTiN2) that follows these design rules by having a wurtzite-derived
crystal structure and showing self-passivating surface oxides created
by electrochemical polarization. The sputtered ZnTiN2 thin
films have optical absorption onsets below 2 eV and n-type electrical
conduction of 3 S/cm. The band gap of this material is reduced from
the 3.36 eV theoretical value by cation-site disorder, and the impact
of cation antisites on the band structure of ZnTiN2 is
explored using density functional theory. Under electrochemical polarization,
the ZnTiN2 surfaces have TiO2- or ZnO-like character,
consistent with Materials Project Pourbaix calculations predicting
the formation of stable solid phases under near-neutral pH. These
results show that ZnTiN2 is a promising candidate for photoelectrochemical
liquid fuel generation and demonstrate a new materials design approach
to other photoelectrodes with self-passivating native operational
surface chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann L Greenaway
- Materials Chemical and Computational Science Directorate, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Sijia Ke
- Materials and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Theodore Culman
- Materials Chemical and Computational Science Directorate, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Kevin R Talley
- Materials Chemical and Computational Science Directorate, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - John S Mangum
- Materials Chemical and Computational Science Directorate, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Karen N Heinselman
- Materials Chemical and Computational Science Directorate, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Ryan S Kingsbury
- Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Rebecca W Smaha
- Materials Chemical and Computational Science Directorate, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Melissa K Gish
- Materials Chemical and Computational Science Directorate, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Elisa M Miller
- Materials Chemical and Computational Science Directorate, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Kristin A Persson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - John M Gregoire
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Sage R Bauers
- Materials Chemical and Computational Science Directorate, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Jeffrey B Neaton
- Materials and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Kavli Energy Nanosciences Institute at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Adele C Tamboli
- Materials Chemical and Computational Science Directorate, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States.,Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Andriy Zakutayev
- Materials Chemical and Computational Science Directorate, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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4
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Wang J, Yuan W, Singer PM, Smaha RW, He W, Wen J, Lee YS, Imai T. Freezing of the Lattice in the Kagome Lattice Heisenberg Antiferromagnet Zn-Barlowite ZnCu_{3}(OD)_{6}FBr. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:157202. [PMID: 35499891 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.157202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We use ^{79}Br nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) to demonstrate that ultraslow lattice dynamics set in below the temperature scale set by the Cu-Cu superexchange interaction J (≃160 K) in the kagome lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnet Zn-barlowite. The lattice completely freezes below 50 K, and ^{79}Br NQR line shapes become twice broader due to increased lattice distortions. Moreover, the frozen lattice exhibits an oscillatory component in the transverse spin echo decay, a typical signature of pairing of nuclear spins by indirect nuclear spin-spin interaction. This indicates that some Br sites form structural dimers via a pair of kagome Cu sites prior to the gradual emergence of spin singlets below ∼30 K. Our findings underscore the significant roles played by subtle structural distortions in determining the nature of the disordered magnetic ground state of the kagome lattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Weishi Yuan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Philip M Singer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Rebecca W Smaha
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Wei He
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Jiajia Wen
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Young S Lee
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Takashi Imai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
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5
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Connor BA, Smaha RW, Li J, Gold-Parker A, Heyer AJ, Toney MF, Lee YS, Karunadasa HI. Alloying a single and a double perovskite: a Cu +/2+ mixed-valence layered halide perovskite with strong optical absorption. Chem Sci 2021; 12:8689-8697. [PMID: 34257867 PMCID: PMC8246118 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01159f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introducing heterovalent cations at the octahedral sites of halide perovskites can substantially change their optoelectronic properties. Yet, in most cases, only small amounts of such metals can be incorporated as impurities into the three-dimensional lattice. Here, we exploit the greater structural flexibility of the two-dimensional (2D) perovskite framework to place three distinct stoichiometric cations in the octahedral sites. The new layered perovskites AI 4[CuII(CuIInIII)0.5Cl8] (1, A = organic cation) may be derived from a CuI-InIII double perovskite by replacing half of the octahedral metal sites with Cu2+. Electron paramagnetic resonance and X-ray absorption spectroscopy confirm the presence of Cu2+ in 1. Crystallographic studies demonstrate that 1 represents an averaging of the CuI-InIII double perovskite and CuII single perovskite structures. However, whereas the highly insulating CuI-InIII and CuII perovskites are colorless and yellow, respectively, 1 is black, with substantially higher electronic conductivity than that of either endmember. We trace these emergent properties in 1 to intervalence charge transfer between the mixed-valence Cu centers. We further propose a tiling model to describe how the Cu+, Cu2+, and In3+ coordination spheres can pack most favorably into a 2D perovskite lattice, which explains the unusual 1 : 2 : 1 ratio of these cations found in 1. Magnetic susceptibility data of 1 further corroborate this packing model. The emergence of enhanced visible light absorption and electronic conductivity in 1 demonstrates the importance of devising strategies for increasing the compositional complexity of halide perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget A Connor
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA
| | - Rebecca W Smaha
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California 94025 USA
| | - Jiayi Li
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA
| | - Aryeh Gold-Parker
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California 94025 USA
| | - Alexander J Heyer
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA
| | - Michael F Toney
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California 94025 USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO 80309 USA
| | - Young S Lee
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California 94025 USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA
| | - Hemamala I Karunadasa
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California 94025 USA
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6
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Nespolo M, Smaha RW, Parkin S. Zero-obliquity twin lattice quasi-symmetry threefold twinning in 1-{(R)-1-[(3-oxo-2-isoindolinoyl)methyl]-2-propenyl}-5-methyl-2,3-indolinedione. Acta Crystallogr B Struct Sci Cryst Eng Mater 2020; 76:643-649. [PMID: 32831282 DOI: 10.1107/s2052520620008021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Threefold twinning in 1-{(R)-1-[(3-oxo-2-isoindolinoyl)methyl]-2-propenyl}-5-methyl-2,3-indolinedione, C21H16N2O4, has been reported recently [Trost et al. (2020). Org. Lett. 22, 2584-2589] but the twin characterization was not published. This twinning presents several interesting features. The crystal structure is monoclinic, but its lattice is metrically strongly pseudo-orthorhombic and underpins a strongly pseudo-hexagonal sublattice. Several possible twin laws are compatible with these metric specializations, among which the one found experimentally corresponds to a trichromatic point group. Twinning is by reticular pseudo-merohedry with twin index 2 and zero obliquity but a non-zero twin misfit. The twin lattice coincides with the pseudo-hexagonal sublattice of the individual domain, which justifies the adoption of the unconventional setting B21 of the space group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca W Smaha
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sean Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
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7
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Abstract
A new ruthenium-based catalytic system for branched-selective asymmetric allylic alkylation is disclosed and applied to the synthesis of chiral isatin derivatives. The catalyst, which is generated in situ from commercially available CpRu(MeCN)3PF6 and a BINOL-derived phosphoramidite, is both highly active (TON up to 180) and insensitive to air and moisture. Additionally, the N-alkylated isatins accessible using this methodology are versatile building blocks that are readily transformed into chiral analogs of achiral drug molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry M Trost
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | | | - Divya Ramakrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Michael C Ryan
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Rebecca W Smaha
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Sean Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
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8
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Smaha RW, Boukahil I, Titus CJ, Jiang JM, Sheckelton JP, He W, Wen J, Vinson J, Wang SG, Chen YS, Teat SJ, Devereaux TP, Pemmaraju CD, Lee YS. Site-Specific Structure at Multiple Length Scales in Kagome Quantum Spin Liquid Candidates. Phys Rev Mater 2020; 4:10.1103/physrevmaterials.4.124406. [PMID: 34095744 PMCID: PMC8174140 DOI: 10.1103/physrevmaterials.4.124406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Realizing a quantum spin liquid (QSL) ground state in a real material is a leading issue in condensed matter physics research. In this pursuit, it is crucial to fully characterize the structure and influence of defects, as these can significantly affect the fragile QSL physics. Here, we perform a variety of cutting-edge synchrotron X-ray scattering and spectroscopy techniques, and we advance new methodologies for site-specific diffraction and L-edge Zn absorption spectroscopy. The experimental results along with our first-principles calculations address outstanding questions about the local and long-range structures of the two leading kagome QSL candidates, Zn-substituted barlowite (Cu3Zn x Cu1-x (OH)6FBr) and herbertsmithite (Cu3Zn(OH)6Cl2). On all length scales probed, there is no evidence that Zn substitutes onto the kagome layers, thereby preserving the QSL physics of the kagome lattice. Our calculations show that antisite disorder is not energetically favorable and is even less favorable in Zn-barlowite compared to herbertsmithite. Site-specific X-ray diffraction measurements of Zn-barlowite reveal that Cu2+ and Zn2+ selectively occupy distinct interlayer sites, in contrast to herbertsmithite. Using the first measured Zn L-edge inelastic X-ray absorption spectra combined with calculations, we discover a systematic correlation between the loss of inversion symmetry from pseudo-octahedral (herbertsmithite) to trigonal prismatic coordination (Zn-barlowite) with the emergence of a new peak. Overall, our measurements suggest that Zn-barlowite has structural advantages over herbertsmithite that make its magnetic properties closer to an ideal QSL candidate: its kagome layers are highly resistant to nonmagnetic defects while the interlayers can accommodate a higher amount of Zn substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca W. Smaha
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Idris Boukahil
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Theory Institute for Materials and Energy Spectroscopies, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Charles J. Titus
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Jack Mingde Jiang
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - John P. Sheckelton
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Wei He
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Jiajia Wen
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - John Vinson
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
| | - Suyin Grass Wang
- NSF’s ChemMatCARS, Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, c/o Advanced Photon Source/ANL, The University of Chicago, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Yu-Sheng Chen
- NSF’s ChemMatCARS, Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, c/o Advanced Photon Source/ANL, The University of Chicago, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Simon J. Teat
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Thomas P. Devereaux
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - C. Das Pemmaraju
- Theory Institute for Materials and Energy Spectroscopies, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Young S. Lee
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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9
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Smaha RW, He W, Jiang JM, Wen J, Jiang YF, Sheckelton JP, Titus CJ, Wang SG, Chen YS, Teat SJ, Aczel AA, Zhao Y, Xu G, Lynn JW, Jiang HC, Lee YS. Materializing rival ground states in the barlowite family of kagome magnets: quantum spin liquid, spin ordered, and valence bond crystal states. NPJ Quantum Mater 2020; 5:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41535-020-0222-8. [PMID: 33072886 PMCID: PMC7558222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The spin- 1 2 kagome antiferromagnet is considered an ideal host for a quantum spin liquid (QSL) ground state. We find that when the bonds of the kagome lattice are modulated with a periodic pattern, new quantum ground states emerge. Newly synthesized crystalline barlowite (Cu4(OH)6FBr) and Zn-substituted barlowite demonstrate the delicate interplay between singlet states and spin order on the spin- 1 2 kagome lattice. Comprehensive structural measurements demonstrate that our new variant of barlowite maintains hexagonal symmetry at low temperatures with an arrangement of distorted and undistorted kagome triangles, for which numerical simulations predict a pinwheel valence bond crystal (VBC) state instead of a QSL. The presence of interlayer spins eventually leads to an interesting pinwheel q = 0 magnetic order. Partially Zn-substituted barlowite (Cu3.44Zn0.56(OH)6FBr) has an ideal kagome lattice and shows QSL behavior, indicating a surprising robustness of the QSL against interlayer impurities. The magnetic susceptibility is similar to that of herbertsmithite, even though the Cu2+ impurities are above the percolation threshold for the interlayer lattice and they couple more strongly to the nearest kagome moment. This system is a unique playground displaying QSL, VBC, and spin order, furthering our understanding of these highly competitive quantum states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca W Smaha
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Rebecca W. Smaha, Wei He
| | - Wei He
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Rebecca W. Smaha, Wei He
| | - Jack Mingde Jiang
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jiajia Wen
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Yi-Fan Jiang
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - John P Sheckelton
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Charles J Titus
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Suyin Grass Wang
- NSF's ChemMatCARS, Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, c/o Advanced Photon Source/ANL, The University of Chicago, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Yu-Sheng Chen
- NSF's ChemMatCARS, Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, c/o Advanced Photon Source/ANL, The University of Chicago, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Simon J Teat
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Adam A Aczel
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Yang Zhao
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-6102, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Guangyong Xu
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-6102, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Lynn
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-6102, USA
| | - Hong-Chen Jiang
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Young S Lee
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Slavney AH, Smaha RW, Smith IC, Jaffe A, Umeyama D, Karunadasa HI. Chemical Approaches to Addressing the Instability and Toxicity of Lead-Halide Perovskite Absorbers. Inorg Chem 2016; 56:46-55. [PMID: 27494338 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The impressive rise in efficiencies of solar cells employing the three-dimensional (3D) lead-iodide perovskite absorbers APbI3 (A = monovalent cation) has generated intense excitement. Although these perovskites have remarkable properties as solar-cell absorbers, their potential commercialization now requires a greater focus on the materials' inherent shortcomings and environmental impact. This creates a challenge and an opportunity for synthetic chemists to address these issues through the design of new materials. Synthetic chemistry offers powerful tools for manipulating the magnificent flexibility of the perovskite lattice to expand the number of functional analogues to APbI3. To highlight improvements that should be targeted in new materials, here we discuss the intrinsic instability and toxicity of 3D lead-halide perovskites. We consider possible sources of these instabilities and propose methods to overcome them through synthetic design. We also discuss new materials developed for realizing the exceptional photophysical properties of lead-halide perovskites in more environmentally benign materials. In this Forum Article, we provide a brief overview of the field with a focus on our group's contributions to identifying and addressing problems inherent to 3D lead-halide perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam H Slavney
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Rebecca W Smaha
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Ian C Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Adam Jaffe
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Daiki Umeyama
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Hemamala I Karunadasa
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
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Smaha RW, Roudebush JH, Herb JT, Seibel EM, Krizan JW, Fox GM, Huang Q, Arnold CB, Cava RJ. Tuning Sodium Ion Conductivity in the Layered Honeycomb Oxide Na3–xSn2–xSbxNaO6. Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Qingzhen Huang
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6102, United States
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