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Pandey A, Joseph R, Arumugham SS, Thirthalli J. Erroneous conclusions about the long-term cognitive effects of electroconvulsive therapy. Psychiatry Res 2024; 335:115864. [PMID: 38547602 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Pandey
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Rini Joseph
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Shyam Sundar Arumugham
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Jagadisha Thirthalli
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
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Jaumdally S, Tomasicchio M, Pooran A, Esmail A, Kotze A, Meier S, Wilson L, Oelofse S, van der Merwe C, Roomaney A, Davids M, Suliman T, Joseph R, Perumal T, Scott A, Shaw M, Preiser W, Williamson C, Goga A, Mayne E, Gray G, Moore P, Sigal A, Limberis J, Metcalfe J, Dheda K. Frequency, kinetics and determinants of viable SARS-CoV-2 in bioaerosols from ambulatory COVID-19 patients infected with the Beta, Delta or Omicron variants. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2003. [PMID: 38443359 PMCID: PMC10914788 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45400-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 aerosol remains contentious. Importantly, whether cough or breath-generated bioaerosols can harbor viable and replicating virus remains largely unclarified. We performed size-fractionated aerosol sampling (Andersen cascade impactor) and evaluated viral culturability in human cell lines (infectiousness), viral genetics, and host immunity in ambulatory participants with COVID-19. Sixty-one percent (27/44) and 50% (22/44) of participants emitted variant-specific culture-positive aerosols <10μm and <5μm, respectively, for up to 9 days after symptom onset. Aerosol culturability is significantly associated with lower neutralizing antibody titers, and suppression of transcriptomic pathways related to innate immunity and the humoral response. A nasopharyngeal Ct <17 rules-in ~40% of aerosol culture-positives and identifies those who are probably highly infectious. A parsimonious three transcript blood-based biosignature is highly predictive of infectious aerosol generation (PPV > 95%). There is considerable heterogeneity in potential infectiousness i.e., only 29% of participants were probably highly infectious (produced culture-positive aerosols <5μm at ~6 days after symptom onset). These data, which comprehensively confirm variant-specific culturable SARS-CoV-2 in aerosol, inform the targeting of transmission-related interventions and public health containment strategies emphasizing improved ventilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jaumdally
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - M Tomasicchio
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - A Pooran
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - A Esmail
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - A Kotze
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - S Meier
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - L Wilson
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - S Oelofse
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - C van der Merwe
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - A Roomaney
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - M Davids
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - T Suliman
- Department of Medical Biosciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - R Joseph
- Division of Medical Virology, Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases in Africa, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - T Perumal
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - A Scott
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - M Shaw
- Department of Medical Biosciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - W Preiser
- Division of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch Tygerberg Campus; Medical Virology, National Health Laboratory Service Tygerberg, Parow, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - C Williamson
- Division of Medical Virology, Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases in Africa, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
- National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS), Cape Town, South Africa
| | - A Goga
- HIV and Other Infectious Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - E Mayne
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - G Gray
- South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - P Moore
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
- SA MRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - A Sigal
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Limberis
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Centre, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - J Metcalfe
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Centre, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - K Dheda
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa.
- Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.
- Department of Infection Biology, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
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Blanco N, Lavoie MC, Ngeno C, Wangusi R, Jumbe M, Kimonye F, Ndaga A, Ndichu G, Makokha V, Awuor P, Momanyi E, Oyuga R, Nzyoka S, Mutisya I, Joseph R, Miruka F, Musingila P, Stafford KA, Lascko T, Ngunu C, Owino E, Kiplangat A, Abuya K, Koech E. Effects of Multi-Month Dispensing on Clinical Outcomes: Retrospective Cohort Analysis Conducted in Kenya. AIDS Behav 2024; 28:583-590. [PMID: 38127168 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-023-04247-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Multi-month dispensing (MMD) has been widely adopted by national HIV programs as a key strategy for improving the quality of HIV care and treatment services while meeting the unique needs of diverse client populations. We assessed the clinical outcomes of clients receiving MMD in Kenya by conducting a retrospective cohort study using routine programmatic data in 32 government health facilities in Kenya. We included clients who were eligible for multi-month antiretroviral therapy (ART) dispensing for ≥ 3 months (≥ 3MMD) according to national guidelines. The primary exposure was enrollment into ≥ 3MMD. The outcomes were lost to follow-up (LTFU) and viral rebound. Multilevel modified-Poisson regression models with robust standard errors were used to compare clinical outcomes between clients enrolled in ≥ 3MMD and those receiving ART dispensing for less than 3 months (< 3MMD). A total of 3,501 clients eligible for ≥ 3MMD were included in the analysis, of whom 65% were enrolled in ≥ 3MMD at entry into the cohort. There was no difference in LTFU of ≥ 180 days between the two types of care (aRR 1.1, 95% CI 0.7-1.6), while ≥ 3MMD was protective for viral rebound (aRR 0.1 95% CI 0.0-0.2). As more diverse client-focused service delivery models are being implemented, robust evaluations are essential to guide the implementation, monitor progress, and assess acceptability and effectiveness to deliver optimal people-centered care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Blanco
- Centre for International Health, Education, and Biosecurity (Ciheb), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - M C Lavoie
- Centre for International Health, Education, and Biosecurity (Ciheb), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Global Health Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - C Ngeno
- Center for International Health Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb), MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - R Wangusi
- Center for International Health Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb), MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - M Jumbe
- Center for International Health Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb), MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - F Kimonye
- Center for International Health Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb), MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - A Ndaga
- Center for International Health Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb), MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - G Ndichu
- Center for International Health Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb), MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - V Makokha
- Center for International Health Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb), MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - P Awuor
- Center for International Health Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb), MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - E Momanyi
- Center for International Health Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb), MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - R Oyuga
- Center for International Health Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb), MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - S Nzyoka
- Center for International Health Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb), MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - I Mutisya
- Division of Global HIV & TB (DGHT), U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - R Joseph
- Center for International Health Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb), MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - F Miruka
- Division of Global HIV & TB (DGHT), U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - P Musingila
- Division of Global HIV & TB (DGHT), U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - K A Stafford
- Centre for International Health, Education, and Biosecurity (Ciheb), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Global Health Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - T Lascko
- Centre for International Health, Education, and Biosecurity (Ciheb), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - C Ngunu
- Nairobi Metropolitan Services Health Management Team, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - E Owino
- Migori County Health Management Team, Western, Kenya
| | - A Kiplangat
- Nairobi Metropolitan Services Health Management Team, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - K Abuya
- Kisii County Health Management Team, Western, Kenya
| | - E Koech
- Center for International Health Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb), MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi, Kenya
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Menon V, Varadharajan N, Joseph R, Praharaj SK, Andrade C. Publication of studies registered in Clinical Trials Registry of India: An audit of mood disorder research protocols from 2009-2019. Indian J Psychiatry 2023; 65:68-74. [PMID: 36874515 PMCID: PMC9983460 DOI: 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_366_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selective publication of studies has important scientific, ethical, and public health implications. AIM We studied selective publication among mood disorder research protocols registered in the Clinical Trials Registry of India (CTRI) database. We also examined the frequency and nature of protocol deviations among the published articles. METHODS Using a systematic search strategy, we examined the publication status of all mood disorder-related research protocols registered in the CTRI database from inception till December 31, 2019. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify variables associated with selective publication. RESULTS Of 129 eligible protocols identified, only a third (n = 43, 33.3%) were published in literature; among those published, only 28 (21.7%) were placed in MEDLINE indexed journals. Protocol deviations were observed in more than half of the published papers (n = 25, 58.1%); many of these (41.9%) were related to sample size deviations, though, importantly, deviations in primary and secondary outcomes were also noted (16.2%). Retrospective registration of trials (odds ratio, 2.98, 95% confidence interval, 1.32-6.71) was significantly associated with publication; other variables, such as funding status or multicentric sampling, were not associated with eventual publication. CONCLUSIONS Two out of three mood disorder research protocols registered in India do not translate into published research. These findings from a low- and middle-income country with limited spending on health care research and development represent wastage of resources and raise scientific and ethical concerns about unpublished data and futile patient participation in research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Menon
- Department of Psychiatry, JIPMER, Puducherry, India
| | | | - Rini Joseph
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Samir Kumar Praharaj
- Department of Psychiatry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Chittaranjan Andrade
- Department of Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neurotoxicology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Biyyala D, Joseph R, Varadharajan N, Krishnamoorthy Y, Menon V. Incidence and prevalence of depressive, anxiety, and insomnia symptoms among adult liver transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2023; 80:26-34. [PMID: 36549018 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Psychological morbidity among transplant recipients may negatively impact post-transplantation outcomes. Our objectives were to compute pooled incidence and prevalence estimates for depressive, anxiety, and insomnia symptoms among adults who underwent liver transplant. METHODS Electronic searches of MEDLINE, PubMed Central, CINAHL, and Google Scholar were carried out from inception to October 2022 to identify observational studies conducted among adult liver transplant recipients which measured depression, anxiety, and/or insomnia. We used the Joanna-Briggs tool for study quality appraisal. RESULTS Sixty-five studies (pooled N = 12,183) provided data for meta-analysis. The one-year pooled point prevalence rate for depressive symptoms was 25% (95% Confidence Intervals [CI]: 20% to 30%; I2 = 94%; 37 studies; N = 6088) while that of anxiety and insomnia symptoms were 29% (95% CI: 21% to 38%; I2 = 96%; 28 studies; N = 4016) and 28% (95% CI: 16% to 43%; I2 = 98%; 14 studies; N = 1834), respectively. The findings remained robust across subgroup and sensitivity analyses. Most included studies had low or moderate risk of bias. CONCLUSIONS Depressive, anxiety, and insomnia symptoms are commonly prevalent following liver transplantation. Our findings, though limited by high heterogeneity across analyses, have important implications for screening, management, and prevention of psychological morbidity in this group. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION This protocol was submitted for registration with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (CRD 42021276008).
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Biyyala
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur 342005, India
| | - Rini Joseph
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru 560029, India
| | - Natarajan Varadharajan
- Department of Psychiatry, ESIC Medical College and PGIMSR, K.K.Nagar, Chennai 600078, India
| | - Yuvaraj Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Community Medicine, ESIC Medical College and PGIMSR, K.K. Nagar, Chennai 600078, India
| | - Vikas Menon
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry 605006, India.
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Mansur A, Casey J, Joseph R, Shi J, Karimi E, Tao B, Granzier H, Gupta V. FP.01 Novel disease pathways and therapeutic developments in Kelch-related congenital nemaline myopathy. Neuromuscul Disord 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2022.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Kattimani S, Joseph R, Mondal N, Johnson A. Predictive validity of ESSENCE Q screening tool for early detection of neurodevelopmental disorder in children. Asian J Psychiatr 2022; 73:103162. [PMID: 35605519 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2022.103162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) are a group of conditions that typically manifest early during the child's development with lifelong consequences. Early identification using efficient screening tools can positively modify the natural history of the disorder. ESSENCE Q is a simple questionnaire to detect ESSENCE (Early Symptomatic Syndromes Eliciting Neurodevelopmental Clinical Examinations to reflect the co-existence of NDDs in children less than five years). There are limited studies on the validity of ESSENCE Q in detecting NDDs in young children in India. METHODS We did a cross-sectional study in a tertiary care hospital to evaluate the validity of ESSENCE Q in detecting neurodevelopmental disorders. We translated the ESSENCE Q and subsequently used it to screen for NDD in 100 children aged 12-60 months. Clinical consensus diagnosis by two experienced experts was taken as the gold standard. RESULTS 23% were diagnosed as having NDD as per the clinical consensus diagnosis. Around half the children (46%) were "at-risk for NDD" based on the ESSENCE Q scale. We found an optimal cut-off for ESSENCE Q of more than or equal to 4 with a sensitivity of 96%, a specificity of 82%, and a Youden index of 0.77. CONCLUSION ESSENCE Q has good predictive validity to be used as a quick and easy screening tool to detect NDDs in young children under the age of 5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivanand Kattimani
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research(JIPMER), Puducherry, India.
| | - Rini Joseph
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research(JIPMER), Puducherry, India.
| | - Nivedita Mondal
- Department of Neonatology, Women and Children Hospital, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research(JIPMER), Puducherry, India.
| | - Allen Johnson
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences(AIIMS), Bhopal, India.
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Kouli O, Murray V, Bhatia S, Cambridge WA, Kawka M, Shafi S, Knight SR, Kamarajah SK, McLean KA, Glasbey JC, Khaw RA, Ahmed W, Akhbari M, Baker D, Borakati A, Mills E, Thavayogan R, Yasin I, Raubenheimer K, Ridley W, Sarrami M, Zhang G, Egoroff N, Pockney P, Richards T, Bhangu A, Creagh-Brown B, Edwards M, Harrison EM, Lee M, Nepogodiev D, Pinkney T, Pearse R, Smart N, Vohra R, Sohrabi C, Jamieson A, Nguyen M, Rahman A, English C, Tincknell L, Kakodkar P, Kwek I, Punjabi N, Burns J, Varghese S, Erotocritou M, McGuckin S, Vayalapra S, Dominguez E, Moneim J, Salehi M, Tan HL, Yoong A, Zhu L, Seale B, Nowinka Z, Patel N, Chrisp B, Harris J, Maleyko I, Muneeb F, Gough M, James CE, Skan O, Chowdhury A, Rebuffa N, Khan H, Down B, Fatimah Hussain Q, Adams M, Bailey A, Cullen G, Fu YXJ, McClement B, Taylor A, Aitken S, Bachelet B, Brousse de Gersigny J, Chang C, Khehra B, Lahoud N, Lee Solano M, Louca M, Rozenbroek P, Rozitis E, Agbinya N, Anderson E, Arwi G, Barry I, Batchelor C, Chong T, Choo LY, Clark L, Daniels M, Goh J, Handa A, Hanna J, Huynh L, Jeon A, Kanbour A, Lee A, Lee J, Lee T, Leigh J, Ly D, McGregor F, Moss J, Nejatian M, O'Loughlin E, Ramos I, Sanchez B, Shrivathsa A, Sincari A, Sobhi S, Swart R, Trimboli J, Wignall P, Bourke E, Chong A, Clayton S, Dawson A, Hardy E, Iqbal R, Le L, Mao S, Marinelli I, Metcalfe H, Panicker D, R HH, Ridgway S, Tan HH, Thong S, Van M, Woon S, Woon-Shoo-Tong XS, Yu S, Ali K, Chee J, Chiu C, Chow YW, Duller A, Nagappan P, Ng S, Selvanathan M, Sheridan C, Temple M, Do JE, Dudi-Venkata NN, Humphries E, Li L, Mansour LT, Massy-Westropp C, Fang B, Farbood K, Hong H, Huang Y, Joan M, Koh C, Liu YHA, Mahajan T, Muller E, Park R, Tanudisastro M, Wu JJG, Chopra P, Giang S, Radcliffe S, Thach P, Wallace D, Wilkes A, Chinta SH, Li J, Phan J, Rahman F, Segaran A, Shannon J, Zhang M, Adams N, Bonte A, Choudhry A, Colterjohn N, Croyle JA, Donohue J, Feighery A, Keane A, McNamara D, Munir K, Roche D, Sabnani R, Seligman D, Sharma S, Stickney Z, Suchy H, Tan R, Yordi S, Ahmed I, Aranha M, El Sabawy D, Garwood P, Harnett M, Holohan R, Howard R, Kayyal Y, Krakoski N, Lupo M, McGilberry W, Nepon H, Scoleri Y, Urbina C, Ahmad Fuad MF, Ahmed O, Jaswantlal D, Kelly E, Khan MHT, Naidu D, Neo WX, O'Neill R, Sugrue M, Abbas JD, Abdul-Fattah S, Azlan A, Barry K, Idris NS, Kaka N, Mc Dermott D, Mohammad Nasir MN, Mozo M, Rehal A, Shaikh Yousef M, Wong RH, Curran E, Gardner M, Hogan A, Julka R, Lasser G, Ní Chorráin N, Ting J, Browne R, George S, Janjua Z, Leung Shing V, Megally M, Murphy S, Ravenscroft L, Vedadi A, Vyas V, Bryan A, Sheikh A, Ubhi J, Vannelli K, Vawda A, Adeusi L, Doherty C, Fitzgerald C, Gallagher H, Gill P, Hamza H, Hogan M, Kelly S, Larry J, Lynch P, Mazeni NA, O'Connell R, O'Loghlin R, Singh K, Abbas Syed R, Ali A, Alkandari B, Arnold A, Arora E, Azam R, Breathnach C, Cheema J, Compton M, Curran S, Elliott JA, Jayasamraj O, Mohammed N, Noone A, Pal A, Pandey S, Quinn P, Sheridan R, Siew L, Tan EP, Tio SW, 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Carroll L, Goede A, Harbourne A, Lakhani A, Lami M, Larwood J, Martin J, Merchant J, Pattenden S, Pradhan A, Raafat N, Rothwell E, Shammoon Y, Sudarshan R, Vickers E, Wingfield L, Ashworth I, Azizi S, Bhate R, Chowdhury T, Christou A, Davies L, Dwaraknath M, Farah Y, Garner J, Gureviciute E, Hart E, Jain A, Javid S, Kankam HK, Kaur Toor P, Kaz R, Kermali M, Khan I, Mattson A, McManus A, Murphy M, Nair K, Ngemoh D, Norton E, Olabiran A, Parry L, Payne T, Pillai K, Price S, Punjabi K, Raghunathan A, Ramwell A, Raza M, Ritehnia J, Simpson G, Smith W, Sodeinde S, Studd L, Subramaniam M, Thomas J, Towey S, Tsang E, Tuteja D, Vasani J, Vio M, Badran A, Adams J, Anthony Wilkinson J, Asvandi S, Austin T, Bald A, Bix E, Carrick M, Chander B, Chowdhury S, Cooper Drake B, Crosbie S, D Portela S, Francis D, Gallagher C, Gillespie R, Gravett H, Gupta P, Ilyas C, James G, Johny J, Jones A, Kinder F, MacLeod C, Macrow C, Maqsood-Shah A, Mather J, McCann L, McMahon R, Mitham E, Mohamed M, Munton E, Nightingale K, O'Neill K, Onyemuchara I, Senior R, Shanahan A, Sherlock J, Spyridoulias A, Stavrou C, Stokes D, Tamang R, Taylor E, Trafford C, Uden C, Waddington C, Yassin D, Zaman M, Bangi S, Cheng T, Chew D, Hussain N, Imani-Masouleh S, Mahasivam G, McKnight G, Ng HL, Ota HC, Pasha T, Ravindran W, Shah K, Vishnu K S, Zaman S, Carr W, Cope S, Eagles EJ, Howarth-Maddison M, Li CY, Reed J, Ridge A, Stubbs T, Teasdaled D, Umar R, Worthington J, Dhebri A, Kalenderov R, Alattas A, Arain Z, Bhudia R, Chia D, Daniel S, Dar T, Garland H, Girish M, Hampson A, Kyriacou H, Lehovsky K, Mullins W, Omorphos N, Vasdev N, Venkatesh A, Waldock W, Bhandari A, Brown G, Choa G, Eichenauer CE, Ezennia K, Kidwai Z, Lloyd-Thomas A, Macaskill Stewart A, Massardi C, Sinclair E, Skajaa N, Smith M, Tan I, Afsheen N, Anuar A, Azam Z, Bhatia P, Davies-kelly N, Dickinson S, Elkawafi M, Ganapathy M, Gupta S, Khoury EG, Licudi D, Mehta V, Neequaye S, Nita G, Tay VL, Zhao S, Botsa E, Cuthbert H, Elliott J, Furlepa M, Lehmann J, Mangtani A, Narayan A, Nazarian S, Parmar C, Shah D, Shaw C, Zhao Z, Beck C, Caldwell S, Clements JM, French B, Kenny R, Kirk S, Lindsay J, McClung A, McLaughlin N, Watson S, Whiteside E, Alyacoubi S, Arumugam V, Beg R, Dawas K, Garg S, Lloyd ER, Mahfouz Y, Manobharath N, Moonesinghe R, Morka N, Patel K, Prashar J, Yip S, Adeeko ES, Ajekigbe F, Bhat A, Evans C, Farrugia A, Gurung C, Long T, Malik B, Manirajan S, Newport D, Rayer J, Ridha A, Ross E, Saran T, Sinker A, Waruingi D, Allen R, Al Sadek Y, Alves do Canto Brum H, Asharaf H, Ashman M, Balakumar V, Barrington J, Baskaran R, Berry A, Bhachoo H, Bilal A, Boaden L, Chia WL, Covell G, Crook D, Dadnam F, Davis L, De Berker H, Doyle C, Fox C, Gruffydd-Davies M, Hafouda Y, Hill A, Hubbard E, Hunter A, Inpadhas V, Jamshaid M, Jandu G, Jeyanthi M, Jones T, Kantor C, Kwak SY, Malik N, Matt R, McNulty P, Miles C, Mohomed A, Myat P, Niharika J, Nixon A, O'Reilly D, Parmar K, Pengelly S, Price L, Ramsden M, Turnor R, Wales E, Waring H, Wu M, Yang T, Ye TTS, Zander A, Zeicu C, Bellam S, Francombe J, Kawamoto N, Rahman MR, Sathyanarayana A, Tang HT, Cheung J, Hollingshead J, Page V, Sugarman J, Wong E, Chiong J, Fung E, Kan SY, Kiang J, Kok J, Krahelski O, Liew MY, Lyell B, Sharif Z, Speake D, Alim L, Amakye NY, Chandrasekaran J, Chandratreya N, Drake J, Owoso T, Thu YM, Abou El Ela Bourquin B, Alberts J, Chapman D, Rehnnuma N, Ainsworth K, Carpenter H, Emmanuel T, Fisher T, Gabrel M, Guan Z, Hollows S, Hotouras A, Ip Fung Chun N, Jaffer S, Kallikas G, Kennedy N, Lewinsohn B, Liu FY, Mohammed S, Rutherfurd A, Situ T, Stammer A, Taylor F, Thin N, Urgesi E, Zhang N, Ahmad MA, Bishop A, Bowes A, Dixit A, Glasson R, Hatta S, Hatt K, Larcombe S, Preece J, Riordan E, Fegredo D, Haq MZ, Li C, McCann G, Stewart D, Baraza W, Bhullar D, Burt G, Coyle J, Deans J, Devine A, Hird R, Ikotun O, Manchip G, Ross C, Storey L, Tan WWL, Tse C, Warner C, Whitehead M, Wu F, Court EL, Crisp E, Huttman M, Mayes F, Robertson H, Rosen H, Sandberg C, Smith H, Al Bakry M, Ashwell W, Bajaj S, Bandyopadhyay D, Browlee O, Burway S, Chand CP, Elsayeh K, Elsharkawi A, Evans E, Ferrin S, Fort-Schaale A, Iacob M, I K, Impelliziere Licastro G, Mankoo AS, Olaniyan T, Otun J, Pereira R, Reddy R, Saeed D, Simmonds O, Singhal G, Tron K, Wickstone C, Williams R, Bradshaw E, De Kock Jewell V, Houlden C, Knight C, Metezai H, Mirza-Davies A, Seymour Z, Spink D, Wischhusen S. Evaluation of prognostic risk models for postoperative pulmonary complications in adult patients undergoing major abdominal surgery: a systematic review and international external validation cohort study. Lancet Digit Health 2022; 4:e520-e531. [PMID: 35750401 DOI: 10.1016/s2589-7500(22)00069-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stratifying risk of postoperative pulmonary complications after major abdominal surgery allows clinicians to modify risk through targeted interventions and enhanced monitoring. In this study, we aimed to identify and validate prognostic models against a new consensus definition of postoperative pulmonary complications. METHODS We did a systematic review and international external validation cohort study. The systematic review was done in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We searched MEDLINE and Embase on March 1, 2020, for articles published in English that reported on risk prediction models for postoperative pulmonary complications following abdominal surgery. External validation of existing models was done within a prospective international cohort study of adult patients (≥18 years) undergoing major abdominal surgery. Data were collected between Jan 1, 2019, and April 30, 2019, in the UK, Ireland, and Australia. Discriminative ability and prognostic accuracy summary statistics were compared between models for the 30-day postoperative pulmonary complication rate as defined by the Standardised Endpoints in Perioperative Medicine Core Outcome Measures in Perioperative and Anaesthetic Care (StEP-COMPAC). Model performance was compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROCC). FINDINGS In total, we identified 2903 records from our literature search; of which, 2514 (86·6%) unique records were screened, 121 (4·8%) of 2514 full texts were assessed for eligibility, and 29 unique prognostic models were identified. Nine (31·0%) of 29 models had score development reported only, 19 (65·5%) had undergone internal validation, and only four (13·8%) had been externally validated. Data to validate six eligible models were collected in the international external validation cohort study. Data from 11 591 patients were available, with an overall postoperative pulmonary complication rate of 7·8% (n=903). None of the six models showed good discrimination (defined as AUROCC ≥0·70) for identifying postoperative pulmonary complications, with the Assess Respiratory Risk in Surgical Patients in Catalonia score showing the best discrimination (AUROCC 0·700 [95% CI 0·683-0·717]). INTERPRETATION In the pre-COVID-19 pandemic data, variability in the risk of pulmonary complications (StEP-COMPAC definition) following major abdominal surgery was poorly described by existing prognostication tools. To improve surgical safety during the COVID-19 pandemic recovery and beyond, novel risk stratification tools are required. FUNDING British Journal of Surgery Society.
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Low JM, Tan MY, Joseph R. Authors’ reply: Comment on: Doctors and social media: knowledge gaps and unsafe practices. Singapore Med J 2022; 63:171. [DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2022049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Robinson M, Sayal K, Tunstall C, Padmanaban S, Watson R, Pretorius P, Joseph R, Jeyaretna S, Hobbs C. P14.85 Impact of the neuro-radiologist and neuro-surgeon in contouring with the neuro-oncologist on local relapse rates for brain metastases treated with stereotactic radiosurgery. Neuro Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab180.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
The audit evaluates the value of MDT, including neuro-radiologist and neuro-surgeon, review of contouring carried out by a clinical oncologist in stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS).
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A sequential audit was conducted of all patients receiving intracranial SRS at our local institution for the first 22 months of a new SRS service. Lesions were contoured first by clinical oncologist then reviewed/edited by the MDT. The initial contour was compared with final contour using Jaccard conformity and geographical miss indices. The dosimetric impact of a contouring change was assessed using plan metrics to both original and final contour. The impact of the contouring review on local relapse, overall survival and radio necrosis rate was evaluated with at least 24 months follow up (24–46 months).
RESULTS
113 patients and 142 lesions treated over 22 months were identified. Mean JCI was 0.92 (0.32–1.00) and 38% needed significant editing (JCI<0.95). Mean GMI was 0.03 (0.0–0.65) and 17% showed significant miss (GMI>0.05). Resection cavities showed more changes, with lower JCI and higher GMI (p<0.05). There was no significant improvement on JCI or GMI shown over time. Dosimetric analysis indicated a strong association of conformity metrics with PTV dose metrics; a 0.1 change in GTV conformity metric association with 6–17% change in dose to 95% of resulting PTV. Greater association was seen in resection cavity suggesting the geographical nature of a typical contouring error gives rise to greater potential change in dose. Clinical outcomes compared well with published series. Median survival was 20 months and local relapse free rate in the treated areas of 0.89 (0.8–0.94) at 40 months, and 0.9 (0.83–0.95) radio-necrosis free rate at 40 months with a median 17 months to developing radio-necrosis for those that did.
CONCLUSION
This work highlights that a MDT contour review adds significant value to SRS and the approach translates into reduced local recurrence rates at our local institution compared with previously published data. Radio-necrosis rates are below 10%. No improvement in clinical oncologist contouring over time was shown indicating a collaborative approach is needed regardless of experience of clinical oncologist. MDT input is recommended in particular in contouring of resection cavities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Robinson
- Oxford Cancer Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - K Sayal
- Oxford Cancer Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - C Tunstall
- Oxford Cancer Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - R Watson
- Oxford Cancer Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - P Pretorius
- Department of Neuro-Radiology, Oxford University Hospials NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - R Joseph
- Department of Neuro-Radiology, Oxford University Hospials NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - S Jeyaretna
- Department of Neuro-Surgery, Oxford University Hospials NHS Trus, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - C Hobbs
- Oxford Cancer Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Soman SK, TM A, Abraham M, Joseph R. 226P Elderly breast cancer treated with standard curative intent treatment: An analysis of predictors of disease-free survival (DFS). Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Joseph R, Nesemann S, Kadri N, Pham T, Kendrick Z, Solis-McCarthy J, Roka A, Sisson C, Foster M, Gelabert C. 70 Can 8-Point Lung Utrasound Be Used as a Risk Stratification Tool in Patients Under Investigation for COVID-19. Ann Emerg Med 2021. [PMCID: PMC8335529 DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2021.07.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Menon V, Kaliamoorthy C, Sridhar VK, Varadharajan N, Joseph R, Kattimani S, Kar SK, Arafat SY. Do Tamil newspapers educate the public about suicide? Content analysis from a high suicide Union Territory in India. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2020; 66:785-791. [PMID: 32571114 DOI: 10.1177/0020764020933296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Responsible media reporting of suicide is a key population-level suicide prevention strategy. Thus far, there has been no systematic analysis of media reporting of suicide in Puducherry, a consistently high suicide burden state in India. AIM To evaluate the adherence of media reports of suicide against the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines in Puducherry. METHOD We conducted a year-round content analysis of all suicide-related reports in the two most widely read vernacular dailies of Puducherry. We used a pre-defined data extraction form and coded each item based on the WHO reporting guidelines. RESULTS A total of 318 suicide reports were retrieved. Harmful reporting practices such as mentioning the method of suicide (99.1%), description of the steps involved (68.2%) and location of suicide (86.5%), monocausal explanations (91.8%), and inciting life events (52.5%) were common. Helpful practices such as mentioning warning signs (1.3%), recognizing links with mental health disorders (3.8%) and effects on bereaved persons (2.2%) were rare. Only one article (0.31%) included any content related to educational/preventive aspects of suicide. CONCLUSION Media reporting of suicide in Puducherry, India, does not adhere to reporting guidelines and there is very little focus on educating the public about preventive aspects of suicide. Urgent efforts are warranted to improve the quality of media reporting which should include the development of national guidelines on suicide reporting and collaborative efforts that take into account barriers and perspectives of media professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Menon
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Dhanvantri Nagar, India
| | - Charanya Kaliamoorthy
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Dhanvantri Nagar, India
| | - Vivekanandhan Kavanoor Sridhar
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Dhanvantri Nagar, India
| | - Natarajan Varadharajan
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Dhanvantri Nagar, India
| | - Rini Joseph
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Dhanvantri Nagar, India
| | - Shivanand Kattimani
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Dhanvantri Nagar, India
| | - Sujita Kumar Kar
- Department of Psychiatry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Sm Yasir Arafat
- Department of Psychiatry, Enam Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Sanjari MS, Dmytriiev D, Litvinov YA, Gumenyuk O, Hess R, Joseph R, Litvinov SA, Steck M, Stöhlker T. A 410 MHz resonant cavity pickup for heavy ion storage rings. Rev Sci Instrum 2020; 91:083303. [PMID: 32872954 DOI: 10.1063/5.0009094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An improved design of a longitudinally sensitive resonant Schottky cavity pickup for the heavy ion storage rings of the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research in Europe (FAIR) project is reported. The new detector has a higher measured Q value of ∼3000 and a higher simulated shunt impedance of 473.3 kΩ. It is possible to vary the sensitivity of the cavity with a motorized mechanism by inserting a dissipative blade during the operation based on experimental needs. Apart from a lower price tag, the new design features a more robust and production-friendly mechanical structure suitable for a series production in the future FAIR project. The manufactured cavity was built temporarily into the experimental storage ring and had delivered its first results using stored heavy ion beams. The structure, simulation results, and performance of this cavity are presented in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Sanjari
- GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - D Dmytriiev
- GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Yu A Litvinov
- GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - O Gumenyuk
- GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - R Hess
- GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - R Joseph
- GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - S A Litvinov
- GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Steck
- GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Th Stöhlker
- GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
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Segal U, Shani J, Zemer O, Joseph R. Evaluation of urethral orifice cross-section dimensions following perineal urethrostomy in male cats. J Small Anim Pract 2020; 61:475-479. [PMID: 32715476 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were: (1) To evaluate the urethral orifice cross-section size immediately and 12 days post-operatively following a perineal urethrostomy procedure. (2) To assess the correlation between the cross-section size and stricture formation during a 6-month period following the perineal urethrostomy. ANIMALS Twenty-four male cats with feline lower urinary tract disease that failed to respond to medical treatment and underwent perineal urethrostomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS The urethral orifice cross-section size was estimated by the largest size of the urinary catheter that was possible to insert facilely through the urethrostomy site. The urethral orifice cross-section size was measured in three different times: Pre-operative (LUCpr), immediately post-operative (LUCi) and 12 days post-operative (LUCp). Urinary obstruction recurrence and urethrostomy site stricture formation were documented for 6 months after the surgical procedure. The probabilities for obstruction recurrence in cases of LUCi ≤ 8Fr and LUCi > 8Fr were calculated. RESULTS Urinary obstruction and urethrostomy site stricture occurred in 5 of 24 (~20%) of the operated cats at an average of 92 ± 25 days post-perineal urethrostomy. LUCi ranged from 6 to 10 (median 10) Fr and the LUCp ranged from 4 to 10 (median 8) Fr. There was a significant decrease of 0.15 ± 0.09 mm2 of the urethral orifice cross-section area 12 days post-operative compared to the measurements taken immediately post-operative. The probabilities for post-operative urinary obstruction of the LUCi ≤ 8Fr cases (intra-operative urethral orifice cross-section area equal or larger than 5.5 mm2 ) and in the LUCi > 8Fr cases were 44 and 6%, respectively. Recurrence of obstruction was documented in all cases (three cats) in which LUCi was 6Fr. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The largest size of the urinary catheter that is possible to insert during surgery is a simple method to evaluate urethrostomy cross-section size. Contraction of the urethral orifice diameter is expected during the wound healing phase. Post-operative urinary obstruction is more likely in cases where LUCi < 8Fr.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Segal
- Surgery department, Knowledge Farm Specialists Referral Center, Beit Berl, 444904, Israel
| | - J Shani
- Surgery department, Knowledge Farm Specialists Referral Center, Beit Berl, 444904, Israel
| | - O Zemer
- Specialists Surgical Services, 4 Simtat bethakneset, 7317000, Nofech
| | - R Joseph
- Specialists Surgical Services, Levin Epstain St 38/6, Rehovot, 7646118, Israel
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McLean KA, Ahmed WUR, Akhbari M, Claireaux HA, English C, Frost J, Henshall DE, Khan M, Kwek I, Nicola M, Rehman S, Varghese S, Drake TM, Bell S, Nepogodiev D, McLean KA, Drake TM, Glasbey JC, Borakati A, Drake TM, Kamarajah S, McLean KA, Bath MF, Claireaux HA, Gundogan B, Mohan M, Deekonda P, Kong C, Joyce H, Mcnamee L, Woin E, Burke J, Khatri C, Fitzgerald JE, Harrison EM, Bhangu A, Nepogodiev D, Arulkumaran N, Bell S, Duthie F, Hughes J, Pinkney TD, Prowle J, Richards T, Thomas M, Dynes K, Patel M, Patel P, Wigley C, Suresh R, Shaw A, Klimach S, Jull P, Evans D, Preece R, Ibrahim I, Manikavasagar V, Smith R, Brown FS, Deekonda P, Teo R, Sim DPY, Borakati A, Logan AE, Barai I, Amin H, Suresh S, Sethi R, Bolton W, Corbridge O, Horne L, Attalla M, Morley R, Robinson C, Hoskins T, McAllister R, Lee S, Dennis Y, Nixon G, Heywood E, Wilson H, Ng L, Samaraweera S, Mills A, Doherty C, Woin E, Belchos J, Phan V, Chouari T, Gardner T, Goergen N, Hayes JDB, MacLeod CS, McCormack R, McKinley A, McKinstry S, Milligan W, Ooi L, Rafiq NM, Sammut T, Sinclair E, Smith M, Baker C, Boulton APR, Collins J, Copley HC, Fearnhead N, Fox H, Mah T, McKenna J, Naruka V, Nigam N, Nourallah B, Perera S, Qureshi A, Saggar S, Sun L, Wang X, Yang DD, Caroll P, Doyle C, Elangovan S, Falamarzi A, Perai KG, Greenan E, Jain D, Lang-Orsini M, Lim S, O'Byrne L, Ridgway P, Van der Laan S, Wong J, Arthur J, Barclay J, Bradley P, Edwin C, Finch E, Hayashi E, Hopkins M, Kelly D, Kelly M, McCartan N, Ormrod A, Pakenham A, Hayward J, Hitchen C, Kishore A, Martins T, Philomen J, Rao R, Rickards C, Burns N, Copeland M, Durand C, Dyal A, Ghaffar A, Gidwani A, Grant M, Gribbon C, Gruhn A, Leer M, Ahmad K, Beattie G, Beatty M, Campbell G, Donaldson G, Graham S, Holmes D, Kanabar S, Liu H, McCann C, Stewart R, Vara S, Ajibola-Taylor O, Andah EJE, Ani C, Cabdi NMO, Ito G, Jones M, Komoriyama A, Patel P, Titu L, Basra M, Gallogly P, Harinath G, Leong SH, Pradhan A, Siddiqui I, Zaat S, Ali A, Galea M, Looi WL, Ng JCK, Atkin G, Azizi A, Cargill Z, China Z, Elliot J, Jebakumar R, Lam J, Mudalige G, Onyerindu C, Renju M, Babu VS, Hussain M, Joji N, Lovett B, Mownah H, Ali B, Cresswell B, Dhillon AK, Dupaguntla YS, Hungwe C, Lowe-Zinola JD, Tsang JCH, Bevan K, Cardus C, Duggal A, Hossain S, McHugh M, Scott M, Chan F, Evans R, Gurung E, Haughey B, Jacob-Ramsdale B, Kerr M, Lee J, McCann E, O'Boyle K, Reid N, Hayat F, Hodgson S, Johnston R, Jones W, Khan M, Linn T, Long S, Seetharam P, Shaman S, Smart B, Anilkumar A, Davies J, Griffith J, Hughes B, Islam Y, Kidanu D, Mushaini N, Qamar I, Robinson H, Schramm M, Tan CY, Apperley H, Billyard C, Blazeby JM, Cannon SP, Carse S, Göpfert A, Loizidou A, Parkin J, Sanders E, Sharma S, Slade G, Telfer R, Huppatz IW, Worley E, Chandramoorthy L, Friend C, Harris L, Jain P, Karim MJ, Killington K, McGillicuddy J, Rafferty C, Rahunathan N, Rayne T, Varathan Y, Verma N, Zanichelli D, Arneill M, Brown F, Campbell B, Crozier L, Henry J, McCusker C, Prabakaran P, Wilson R, Asif U, Connor M, Dindyal S, Math N, Pagarkar A, Saleem H, Seth I, Sharma S, Standfield N, Swartbol T, Adamson R, Choi JE, El Tokhy O, Ho W, Javaid NR, Kelly M, Mehdi AS, Menon D, Plumptre I, Sturrock S, Turner J, Warren O, Crane E, Ferris B, Gadsby C, Smallwood J, Vipond M, Wilson V, Amarnath T, Doshi A, Gregory C, Kandiah K, Powell B, Spoor H, Toh C, Vizor R, Common M, Dunleavy K, Harris S, Luo C, Mesbah Z, Kumar AP, Redmond A, Skulsky S, Walsh T, Daly D, Deery L, Epanomeritakis E, Harty M, Kane D, Khan K, Mackey R, McConville J, McGinnity K, Nixon G, Ang A, Kee JY, Leung E, Norman S, Palaniappan SV, Sarathy PP, Yeoh T, Frost J, Hazeldine P, Jones L, Karbowiak M, Macdonald C, Mutarambirwa A, Omotade A, Runkel M, Ryan G, Sawers N, Searle C, Suresh S, Vig S, Ahmad A, McGartland R, Sim R, Song A, Wayman J, Brown R, Chang LH, Concannon K, Crilly C, Arnold TJ, Burgin A, Cadden F, Choy CH, Coleman M, Lim D, Luk J, Mahankali-Rao P, Prudence-Taylor AJ, Ramakrishnan D, Russell J, 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Patil P, Peck FS, Reza N, Swan I, Whyte M, Chaudhry S, Hernon J, Khawar H, O'Brien J, Pullinger M, Rothnie K, Ujjal S, Bhatte S, Curtis J, Green S, Mayer A, Watkinson G, Chapple K, Hawthorne T, Khaliq M, Majkowski L, Malik TAM, Mclauchlan K, En BNW, Parton S, Robinson SD, Saat MI, Shurovi BN, Varatharasasingam K, Ward AE, Behranwala K, Bertelli M, Cohen J, Duff F, Fafemi O, Gupta R, Manimaran M, Mayhew J, Peprah D, Wong MHY, Farmer N, Houghton C, Kandhari N, Khan K, Ladha D, Mayes J, McLennan F, Panahi P, Seehra H, Agrawal R, Ahmed I, Ali S, Birkinshaw F, Choudhry M, Gokani S, Harrogate S, Jamal S, Nawrozzadeh F, Swaray A, Szczap A, Warusavitarne J, Abdalla M, Asemota N, Cullum R, Hartley M, Maxwell-Armstrong C, Mulvenna C, Phillips J, Yule A, Ahmed L, Clement KD, Craig N, Elseedawy E, Gorman D, Kane L, Livie J, Livie V, Moss E, Naasan A, Ravi F, Shields P, Zhu Y, Archer M, Cobley H, Dennis R, Downes C, Guevel B, Lamptey E, Murray H, Radhakrishnan A, Saravanabavan S, Sardar M, Shaw C, Tilliridou V, Wright R, Ye W, Alturki N, Helliwell R, Jones E, Kelly D, Lambotharan S, Scott K, Sivakumar R, Victor L, Boraluwe-Rallage H, Froggatt P, Haynes S, Hung YMA, Keyte A, Matthews L, Evans E, Haray P, John I, Mathivanan A, Morgan L, Oji O, Okorocha C, Rutherford A, Spiers H, Stageman N, Tsui A, Whitham R, Amoah-Arko A, Cecil E, Dietrich A, Fitzpatrick H, Guy C, Hair J, Hilton J, Jawad L, McAleer E, Taylor Z, Yap J, Akhbari M, Debnath D, Dhir T, Elbuzidi M, Elsaddig M, Glace S, Khawaja H, Koshy R, Lal K, Lobo L, McDermott A, Meredith J, Qamar MA, Vaidya A, Acquaah F, Barfi L, Carter N, Gnanappiragasam D, Ji C, Kaminski F, Lawday S, Mackay K, Sulaiman SK, Webb R, Ananthavarathan P, Dalal F, Farrar E, Hashemi R, Hossain M, Jiang J, Kiandee M, Lex J, Mason L, Matthews JH, McGeorge E, Modhwadia S, Pinkney T, Radotra A, Rickard L, Rodman L, Sales A, Tan KL, Bachi A, Bajwa DS, Battle J, Brown LR, Butler A, Calciu A, Davies E, Gardner I, Girdlestone T, Ikogho O, Keelan G, O'Loughlin P, Tam J, Elias J, Ngaage M, Thompson J, Bristow S, Brock E, Davis H, Pantelidou M, Sathiyakeerthy A, Singh K, Chaudhry A, Dickson G, Glen P, Gregoriou K, Hamid H, Mclean A, Mehtaji P, Neophytou G, Potts S, Belgaid DR, Burke J, Durno J, Ghailan N, Hanson M, Henshaw V, Nazir UR, Omar I, Riley BJ, Roberts J, Smart G, Van Winsen K, Bhatti A, Chan M, D'Auria M, Green S, Keshvala C, Li H, Maxwell-Armstrong C, Michaelidou M, Simmonds L, Smith C, Wimalathasan A, Abbas J, Cairns C, Chin YR, Connelly A, Moug S, Nair A, Svolkinas D, Coe P, Subar D, Wang H, Zaver V, Brayley J, Cookson P, Cunningham L, Gaukroger A, Ho M, Hough A, King J, O'Hagan D, Widdison A, Brown R, Brown B, Chavan A, Francis S, Hare L, Lund J, Malone N, Mavi B, McIlwaine A, Rangarajan S, Abuhussein N, Campbell HS, Daniels J, Fitzgerald I, Mansfield S, Pendrill A, Robertson D, Smart YW, Teng T, Yates J, Belgaumkar A, Katira A, Kossoff J, Kukran S, Laing C, Mathew B, Mohamed T, Myers S, Novell R, Phillips BL, Thomas M, Turlejski T, Turner S, Varcada M, Warren L, Wynell-Mayow W, Church R, Linley-Adams L, Osborn G, Saunders M, Spencer R, Srikanthan M, Tailor S, Tullett A, Ali M, Al-Masri S, Carr G, Ebhogiaye O, Heng S, Manivannan S, Manley J, McMillan LE, Peat C, Phillips B, Thomas S, Whewell H, Williams G, Bienias A, Cope EA, Courquin GR, Day L, Garner C, Gimson A, Harris C, Markham K, Moore T, Nadin T, Phillips C, Subratty SM, Brown K, Dada J, Durbacz M, Filipescu T, Harrison E, Kennedy ED, Khoo E, Kremel D, Lyell I, Pronin S, Tummon R, Ventre C, Walls L, Wootton E, Akhtar A, Davies E, El-Sawy D, Farooq M, Gaddah M, Griffiths H, Katsaiti I, Khadem N, Leong K, Williams I, Chean CS, Chudek D, Desai H, Ellerby N, Hammad A, Malla S, Murphy B, Oshin O, Popova P, Rana S, Ward T, Abbott TEF, Akpenyi O, Edozie F, El Matary R, English W, Jeyabaladevan S, Morgan C, Naidu V, Nicholls K, Peroos S, Prowle J, Sansome S, Torrance HD, Townsend D, Brecher J, Fung H, Kazmi Z, Outlaw P, Pursnani K, Ramanujam N, Razaq A, Sattar M, Sukumar S, Tan TSE, Chohan K, Dhuna S, Haq T, Kirby S, Lacy-Colson J, Logan P, Malik Q, McCann J, Mughal Z, Sadiq S, Sharif I, Shingles C, Simon A, Burnage S, Chan SSN, Craig ARJ, Duffield J, Dutta A, Eastwood M, Iqbal F, Mahmood F, Mahmood W, Patel C, Qadeer A, Robinson A, Rotundo A, Schade A, Slade RD, De Freitas M, Kinnersley H, McDowell E, Moens-Lecumberri S, Ramsden J, Rockall T, Wiffen L, Wright S, Bruce C, Francois V, Hamdan K, Limb C, Lunt AJ, Manley L, Marks M, Phillips CFE, Agnew CJF, Barr CJ, Benons N, Hart SJ, Kandage D, Krysztopik R, Mahalingam P, Mock J, Rajendran S, Stoddart MT, Clements B, Gillespie H, Lee S, McDougall R, Murray C, O'Loane R, Periketi S, Tan S, Amoah R, Bhudia R, Dudley B, Gilbert A, Griffiths B, Khan H, McKigney N, Roberts B, Samuel R, Seelarbokus A, Stubbing-Moore A, Thompson G, Williams P, Ahmed N, Akhtar R, Chandler E, Chappelow I, Gil H, Gower T, Kale A, Lingam G, Rutler L, Sellahewa C, Sheikh A, Stringer H, Taylor R, Aglan H, Ashraf MR, Choo S, Das E, Epstein J, Gentry R, Mills D, Poolovadoo Y, Ward N, Bull K, Cole A, Hack J, Khawari S, Lake C, Mandishona T, Perry R, Sleight S, Sultan S, Thornton T, Williams S, Arif T, Castle A, Chauhan P, Chesner R, Eilon T, Kamarajah S, Kambasha C, Lock L, Loka T, Mohammad F, Motahariasl S, Roper L, Sadhra SS, Sheikh A, Toma T, Wadood Q, Yip J, Ainger E, Busti S, Cunliffe L, Flamini T, Gaffing S, Moorcroft C, Peter M, Simpson L, Stokes E, Stott G, Wilson J, York J, Yousaf A, Borakati A, Brown M, Goaman A, Hodgson B, Ijeomah A, Iroegbu U, Kaur G, Lowe C, Mahmood S, Sattar Z, Sen P, Szuman A, Abbas N, Al-Ausi M, Anto N, Bhome R, Eccles L, Elliott J, Hughes EJ, Jones A, Karunatilleke AS, Knight JS, Manson CCF, Mekhail I, Michaels L, Noton TM, Okenyi E, Reeves T, Yasin IH, Banfield DA, Harris R, Lim D, Mason-Apps C, Roe T, Sandhu J, Shafiq N, Stickler E, Tam JP, Williams LM, Ainsworth P, Boualbanat Y, Doull C, Egan E, Evans L, Hassanin K, Ninkovic-Hall G, Odunlami W, Shergill M, Traish M, Cummings D, Kershaw S, Ong J, Reid F, Toellner H, Alwandi A, Amer M, George D, Haynes K, Hughes K, Peakall L, Premakumar Y, Punjabi N, Ramwell A, Sawkins H, Ashwood J, Baker A, Baron C, Bhide I, Blake E, De Cates C, Esmail R, Hosamuddin H, Kapp J, Nguru N, Raja M, Thomson F, Ahmed H, Aishwarya G, Al-Huneidi R, Ali S, Aziz R, Burke D, Clarke B, Kausar A, Maskill D, Mecia L, Myers L, Smith ACD, Walker G, Wroe N, Donohoe C, Gibbons D, Jordan P, Keogh C, Kiely A, Lalor P, McCrohan M, Powell C, Foley MP, Reynolds J, Silke E, Thorpe O, Kong JTH, White C, Ali Q, Dalrymple J, Ge Y, Khan H, Luo RS, Paine H, Paraskeva B, Parker L, Pillai K, Salciccioli J, Selvadurai S, Sonagara V, Springford LR, Tan L, Appleton S, Leadholm N, Zhang Y, Ahern D, Cotter M, Cremen S, Durrigan T, Flack V, Hrvacic N, Jones H, Jong B, Keane K, O'Connell PR, O'sullivan J, Pek G, Shirazi S, Barker C, Brown A, Carr W, Chen Y, Guillotte C, Harte J, Kokayi A, Lau K, McFarlane S, Morrison S, Broad J, Kenefick N, Makanji D, Printz V, Saito R, Thomas O, Breen H, Kirk S, Kong CH, O'Kane A, Eddama M, Engledow A, Freeman SK, Frost A, Goh C, Lee G, Poonawala R, Suri A, Taribagil P, Brown H, Christie S, Dean S, Gravell R, Haywood E, Holt F, Pilsworth E, Rabiu R, Roscoe HW, Shergill S, Sriram A, Sureshkumar A, Tan LC, Tanna A, Vakharia A, Bhullar S, Brannick S, Dunne E, Frere M, Kerin M, Kumar KM, Pratumsuwan T, Quek R, Salman M, Van Den Berg N, Wong C, Ahluwalia J, Bagga R, Borg CM, Calabria C, Draper A, Farwana M, Joyce H, Khan A, Mazza M, Pankin G, Sait MS, Sandhu N, Virani N, Wong J, Woodhams K, Croghan N, Ghag S, Hogg G, Ismail O, John N, Nadeem K, Naqi M, Noe SM, Sharma A, Tan S, Begum F, Best R, Collishaw A, Glasbey J, Golding D, Gwilym B, Harrison P, Jackman T, Lewis N, Luk YL, Porter T, Potluri S, Stechman M, Tate S, Thomas D, Walford B, Auld F, Bleakley A, Johnston S, Jones C, Khaw J, Milne S, O'Neill S, Singh KKR, Smith R, Swan A, Thorley N, Yalamarthi S, Yin ZD, Ali A, Balian V, Bana R, Clark K, Livesey C, McLachlan G, Mohammad M, Pranesh N, Richards C, Ross F, Sajid M, Brooke M, Francombe J, Gresly J, Hutchinson S, Kerrigan K, Matthews E, Nur S, Parsons L, Sandhu A, Vyas M, White F, Zulkifli A, Zuzarte L, Al-Mousawi A, Arya J, Azam S, Yahaya AA, Gill K, Hallan R, Hathaway C, Leptidis I, McDonagh L, Mitrasinovic S, Mushtaq N, Pang N, Peiris GB, Rinkoff S, Chan L, Christopher E, Farhan-Alanie MMH, Gonzalez-Ciscar A, Graham CJ, Lim H, McLean KA, Paterson HM, Rogers A, Roy C, Rutherford D, Smith F, Zubikarai G, Al-Khudairi R, Bamford M, Chang M, Cheng J, Hedley C, Joseph R, Mitchell B, Perera S, Rothwell L, Siddiqui A, Smith J, Taylor K, Wright OW, Baryan HK, Boyd G, Conchie H, Cox L, Davies J, Gardner S, Hill N, Krishna K, Lakin F, Scotcher S, Alberts J, Asad M, Barraclough J, Campbell A, Marshall D, Wakeford W, Cronbach P, D'Souza F, Gammeri E, Houlton J, Hall M, Kethees A, Patel R, Perera M, Prowle J, Shaid M, Webb E, Beattie S, Chadwick M, El-Taji O, Haddad S, Mann M, Patel M, Popat K, Rimmer L, Riyat H, Smith H, Anandarajah C, Cipparrone M, Desai K, Gao C, Goh ET, Howlader M, Jeffreys N, Karmarkar A, Mathew G, Mukhtar H, Ozcan E, Renukanthan A, Sarens N, Sinha C, Woolley A, Bogle R, Komolafe O, Loo F, Waugh D, Zeng R, Crewe A, Mathias J, Mills A, Owen A, Prior A, Saunders I, Baker A, Crilly L, McKeon J, Ubhi HK, Adeogun A, Carr R, Davison C, Devalia S, Hayat A, Karsan RB, Osborne C, Scott K, Weegenaar C, Wijeyaratne M, Babatunde F, Barnor-Ahiaku E, Beattie G, Chitsabesan P, Dixon O, Hall N, Ilenkovan N, Mackrell T, Nithianandasivam N, Orr J, Palazzo F, Saad M, Sandland-Taylor L, Sherlock J, Ashdown T, Chandler S, Garsaa T, Lloyd J, Loh SY, Ng S, Perkins C, Powell-Chandler A, Smith F, Underhill R. Perioperative intravenous contrast administration and the incidence of acute kidney injury after major gastrointestinal surgery: prospective, multicentre cohort study. Br J Surg 2020; 107:1023-1032. [PMID: 32026470 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to determine the impact of preoperative exposure to intravenous contrast for CT and the risk of developing postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery. METHODS This prospective, multicentre cohort study included adults undergoing gastrointestinal resection, stoma reversal or liver resection. Both elective and emergency procedures were included. Preoperative exposure to intravenous contrast was defined as exposure to contrast administered for the purposes of CT up to 7 days before surgery. The primary endpoint was the rate of AKI within 7 days. Propensity score-matched models were adjusted for patient, disease and operative variables. In a sensitivity analysis, a propensity score-matched model explored the association between preoperative exposure to contrast and AKI in the first 48 h after surgery. RESULTS A total of 5378 patients were included across 173 centres. Overall, 1249 patients (23·2 per cent) received intravenous contrast. The overall rate of AKI within 7 days of surgery was 13·4 per cent (718 of 5378). In the propensity score-matched model, preoperative exposure to contrast was not associated with AKI within 7 days (odds ratio (OR) 0·95, 95 per cent c.i. 0·73 to 1·21; P = 0·669). The sensitivity analysis showed no association between preoperative contrast administration and AKI within 48 h after operation (OR 1·09, 0·84 to 1·41; P = 0·498). CONCLUSION There was no association between preoperative intravenous contrast administered for CT up to 7 days before surgery and postoperative AKI. Risk of contrast-induced nephropathy should not be used as a reason to avoid contrast-enhanced CT.
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Allemailem K, Alrasheedi D, Joseph R, Elbehiry A, Almatroudi A. A prevalence study of microbial contamination on the surfaces of Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) in Qassim region, Saudi Arabia. J Infect Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.01.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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McDermott D, Vaishampayan U, Matrana M, Rha S, Saavedra AZ, Ho T, Keam B, Lee JL, Joseph R, Ali S, Stadler W, Haas N, Sundararajan S, Park S, Mowat R, Picus J, Dudek A, Zakharia Y, Gan L, Atkins M. Safety and efficacy of the oral CXCR4 inhibitor X4P-001 + axitinib in advanced renal cell carcinoma patients: An analysis of subgroup responses by prior treatment. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz253.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Hamid O, Robert C, Daud A, Hodi FS, Hwu WJ, Kefford R, Wolchok JD, Hersey P, Joseph R, Weber JS, Dronca R, Mitchell TC, Patnaik A, Zarour HM, Joshua AM, Zhao Q, Jensen E, Ahsan S, Ibrahim N, Ribas A. Five-year survival outcomes for patients with advanced melanoma treated with pembrolizumab in KEYNOTE-001. Ann Oncol 2019; 30:582-588. [PMID: 30715153 PMCID: PMC6503622 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 547] [Impact Index Per Article: 109.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pembrolizumab demonstrated robust antitumor activity and safety in the phase Ib KEYNOTE-001 study (NCT01295827) of advanced melanoma. Five-year outcomes in all patients and treatment-naive patients are reported herein. Patients whose disease progressed following initial response and who received a second course of pembrolizumab were also analyzed. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients aged ≥18 years with previously treated or treatment-naive advanced/metastatic melanoma received pembrolizumab 2 mg/kg every 3 weeks, 10 mg/kg every 3 weeks, or 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks until disease progression, intolerable toxicity, or patient/investigator decision to withdraw. Kaplan-Meier estimates of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were calculated. Objective response rate and PFS were based on immune-related response criteria by investigator assessment (data cut-off, September 1, 2017). RESULTS KEYNOTE-001 enrolled 655 patients with melanoma; median follow-up was 55 months. Estimated 5-year OS was 34% in all patients and 41% in treatment-naive patients; median OS was 23.8 months (95% CI, 20.2-30.4) and 38.6 months (95% CI, 27.2-not reached), respectively. Estimated 5-year PFS rates were 21% in all patients and 29% in treatment-naive patients; median PFS was 8.3 months (95% CI, 5.8-11.1) and 16.9 months (95% CI, 9.3-35.5), respectively. Median response duration was not reached; 73% of all responses and 82% of treatment-naive responses were ongoing at data cut-off; the longest response was ongoing at 66 months. Four patients [all with prior response of complete response (CR)] whose disease progressed during observation subsequently received second-course pembrolizumab. One patient each achieved CR and partial response (after data cut-off). Treatment-related AEs (TRAEs) occurred in 86% of patients and resulted in study discontinuation in 7.8%; 17% experienced grade 3/4 TRAE. CONCLUSIONS This 5-year analysis of KEYNOTE-001 represents the longest follow-up for pembrolizumab to date and confirms the durable antitumor activity and tolerability of pembrolizumab in advanced melanoma. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01295827.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Hamid
- Medical Oncology, The Angeles Clinic and Research Institute, Los Angeles, USA.
| | - C Robert
- Department of Dermatology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Department of Medicine, University of Paris-Sud, Paris, France
| | - A Daud
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco
| | - F S Hodi
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston
| | - W J Hwu
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - R Kefford
- Medical Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead; Medical Oncology, Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney; Medical Oncology, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park; Medical Oncology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - J D Wolchok
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - P Hersey
- Medical Oncology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Medicine, Centenary Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - R Joseph
- Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center-Florida, Jacksonville
| | - J S Weber
- Department of Medicine, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York
| | - R Dronca
- Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center-Florida, Jacksonville
| | - T C Mitchell
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - A Patnaik
- Medical Oncology, South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics, San Antonio
| | - H M Zarour
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - A M Joshua
- Medical Oncology, Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney; Medical Oncology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Kinghorn Cancer Centre, St. Vincent's Hospital, Medical Oncology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney; Medical Oncology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Q Zhao
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth
| | | | - S Ahsan
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth
| | | | - A Ribas
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
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Segal U, Shani J, Joseph R. Minimally invasive technique for coxofemoral luxation stabilisation using transarticular toggle system: a cadaveric study. J Small Anim Pract 2017; 59:154-160. [PMID: 29105095 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present a novel, semi-closed, surgical technique for coxofemoral luxation stabilisation using a transarticular toggle rod. STUDY DESIGN Cadaveric study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Craniodorsal luxation was generated by transecting the ligamentum teres in 12 coxofemoral joints and was then reduced using a closed technique. Anteversion and inclination angles were measured using fluoroscopic projections. An arthroscope was inserted through a bone tunnel drilled from the third trochanter through the femoral neck. Following retraction of the arthroscope, a hole was drilled through the acetabular fossa via the femoral bone tunnel. A standard Arthrex® TightRope toggle button was pushed through the femoral bone tunnel into the acetabular fossa hole and tied over the oval metallic button above the third trochanter site. The exit point of the drill hole over the femoral head and that in the acetabular fossa were evaluated by surgical exposure of the coxofemoral articular surfaces. RESULTS The TightRope entrance point into the acetabular fossa was accurate in all joints, with a mean distance from the acetabular fossa centre of 0·06 ±0·1 mm. The measured distance of the TightRope exit point from the femoral head to the fovea capitis was 2·04 ±1·7 mm. Femoral head cartilage damage was detected in nine of 12 joints. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Closed reduction and stabilisation of coxofemoral luxations can be achieved using this minimally invasive technique. Refinements to the technique may be needed for its application in clinical cases due to relative high incidence of femoral head cartilage damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Segal
- Knowledge Farm Specialist Referral Center, Beit Berl 44905, Israel
| | - J Shani
- Knowledge Farm Specialist Referral Center, Beit Berl 44905, Israel
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Dholaria B, Ailawadhi S, Soyano A, Hodge D, Manochakian R, Menefee M, Johnson E, Thomas M, Ko S, Miller R, Johnson M, Patel N, Mody K, Joseph R, Lou Y. OA 06.07 Survival Trends Among Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Patients Over A Decade: Impact of Initial Therapy at Academic Centers. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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D'andrea G, Ferro-Milone F, Welch K, Toldo M, Joseph R, Crivellaro C, Morra M, Cananzi A. Platelet Tyrosine Levels In Classic Migraine Sufferers. Cephalalgia 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/03331024870070s692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. D'andrea
- Department of Neuroloqy, Ospedale “San Bortolo”, 36100 Vicenza, Italy
| | - F. Ferro-Milone
- Department of Neuroloqy, Ospedale “San Bortolo”, 36100 Vicenza, Italy
| | - K.M.A. Welch
- Department of Neuroloqy, “Henry Ford” Hospital, Detroit, Michigan 48224, U.S.A
| | - M. Toldo
- Department of Neuroloqy, Ospedale “San Bortolo”, 36100 Vicenza, Italy
| | - R. Joseph
- Department of Neuroloqy, “Henry Ford” Hospital, Detroit, Michigan 48224, U.S.A
| | - C. Crivellaro
- Department of Neuroloqy, Ospedale “San Bortolo”, 36100 Vicenza, Italy
| | - M. Morra
- Department of Neuroloqy, Ospedale “San Bortolo”, 36100 Vicenza, Italy
| | - A.R. Cananzi
- Department of Neuroloqy, Ospedale “San Bortolo”, 36100 Vicenza, Italy
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Joseph R, Anandan SK, Melemadathil S. Effect of improved periodontal health in renal recipients. Indian J Nephrol 2015; 25:186-7. [PMID: 26060374 PMCID: PMC4446929 DOI: 10.4103/0971-4065.153333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Daud A, Hamid O, Robert C, Hodi F, Wolchok J, Hwu W, Weber J, Kefford R, Hersey P, Joshua A, Joseph R, Gangadhar T, Dronca R, Patnaik A, Zarour H, Gerigich K, Lunceford J, Emancipator K, Dolled-Filhart M, Li X, Kang P, Ebbinghaus S, Ribas A. 140 Relationship between programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and clinical outcome in patients (pts) with melanoma (MEL) treated with pembrolizumab (pembro; MK-3475). Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)70266-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Kannan V, Misra BK, Kapadia A, Bajpai R, Deshpande S, Almel S, Sankhe M, Desai K, Shaikh M, Anand V, Kannan A, Teo WY, Ross J, Bollo R, Seow WT, Tan AM, Kang SG, Kim DS, Li XN, Lau CC, Mohila CA, Adesina A, Su J, Ichimura K, Fukushima S, Matsushita Y, Tomiyama A, Niwa T, Suzuki T, Nakazato Y, Mukasa A, Kumabe T, Nagane M, Iuchi T, Mizoguchi M, Tamura K, Sugiyama K, Nakada M, Kanemura Y, Yokogami K, Matsutani M, Shibata T, Nishikawa R, Takami H, Fukushima S, Fukuoka K, Yanagisawa T, Nakamura T, Arita H, Narita Y, Shibui S, Nishikawa R, Ichimura K, Matsutani M, Sands S, Guerry W, Kretschmar C, Donahue B, Allen J, Matsutani M, Nishikawa R, Kumabe T, Sugiyama K, Nakamura H, Sawamura Y, Fujimaki T, Hattori E, Arakawa Y, Kawabata Y, Aoki T, Miyamoto S, Kagawa N, Hirayama R, Fujimoto Y, Chiba Y, Kinoshita M, Takano K, Eino D, Fukuya S, Nakanishi K, Yamamoto F, Hashii Y, Hashimoto N, Hara J, Yoshimine T, Murray M, Bartels U, Nishikawa R, Fangusaro J, Matsutani M, Nicholson J, Sumerauer D, Zapotocky M, Churackova M, Cyprova S, Zamecnik J, Malinova B, Kyncl M, Tichy M, Stary J, Lassen-Ramshad Y, von Oettingen G, Agerbaek M, Ohnishi T, Kohno S, Inoue A, Ohue S, Kohno S, Iwata S, Inoue A, Ohue S, Kumon Y, Ohnishi T, Acharya S, DeWees T, Shinohara E, Perkins S, Kato H, Fuji H, Nakasu Y, Ishida Y, Okawada S, Yang Q, Guo C, Chen Z, Alapetite C, Faure-Conter C, Verite C, Pagnier A, Laithier V, Entz-Werle N, Gorde-Grosjean S, Palenzuela G, Lemoine P, Frappaz D, Nguyen HA, Bui L, Ngoc, Cerbone M, Ederies A, Losa L, Moreno C, Sun K, Spoudeas HA, Nakano Y, Okada K, Kosaka Y, Nagashima T, Hashii Y, Kagawa N, Soejima T, Osugi Y, Sakamoto H, Hara J, Nicholson J, Alapetite C, Kortmann RD, Garre ML, Ricardi U, Saran F, Frappaz D, Calaminus G, Muda Z, Menon B, Ibrahim H, Rahman EJA, Muhamad M, Othman IS, Thevarajah A, Cheng S, Kilday JP, Laperriere N, Drake J, Bouffet E, Bartels U, Sakamoto H, Matsusaka Y, Watanabe Y, Umaba R, Hara J, Osugi Y, Alapetite C, Ruffier-Loubiere A, De Marzi L, Bolle S, Claude L, Habrand JL, Brisse H, Frappaz D, Doz F, Bourdeaut F, Dendale R, Mazal A, Fournier-Bidoz N, Fujimaki T, Fukuoka K, Shirahata M, Suzuki T, Adachi JI, Mishima K, Wakiya K, Matsutani M, Nishikawa R, Fukushima S, Yamashita S, Kato M, Nakamura H, Takami H, Suzuki T, Yanagisawa T, Mukasa A, Kumabe T, Nagane M, Sugiyama K, Tamura K, Narita Y, Shibui S, Shibata T, Ushijima T, Matsutani M, Nishikawa R, Ichimura K, Consortium IGA, Calaminus G, Kortmann RD, Frappaz D, Alapetite C, Garre ML, Ricardi U, Saran FH, Nicholson J, Calaminus G, Kortmann RD, Frappaz D, Alapetite C, Garre ML, Ricardi U, Saran FH, Nicholson J, Czech T, Nicholson J, Frappaz D, Kortmann RD, Alapetite C, Garre ML, Ricardi U, Saran F, Calaminus G, Hayden J, Bartels U, Calaminus G, Joseph R, Nicholson J, Hale J, Lindsay H, Kogiso M, Qi L, Yee TW, Huang Y, Mao H, Lin F, Baxter P, Su J, Terashima K, Perlaky L, Lau C, Parsons D, Chintagumpala M, Li XAN, Osorio D, Vaughn D, Gardner S, Mrugala M, Ferreira M, Keene C, Gonzalez-Cuyar L, Hebb A, Rockhill J, Wang L, Yamaguchi S, Burstein M, Terashima K, Ng HK, Nakamura H, He Z, Suzuki T, Nishikawa R, Natsume A, Terasaka S, Dauser R, Whitehead W, Adesina A, Sun J, Munzy D, Gibbs R, Leal S, Wheeler D, Lau C, Dhall G, Robison N, Judkins A, Krieger M, Gilles F, Park J, Lee SU, Kim T, Choi Y, Park HJ, Shin SH, Kim JY, Robison N, Dhir N, Khamani J, Margol A, Wong K, Britt B, Evans A, Nelson M, Grimm J, Finlay J, Dhall G. GERM CELL TUMOURS. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Joseph R, Srivastava O, Pfister R. Downregulation of β-actin and its regulatory gene HuR affect cell migration of human corneal fibroblasts. Mol Vis 2014; 20:593-605. [PMID: 24826067 PMCID: PMC4016806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In an earlier study, we showed that human antigen R (HuR) and β-actin expression levels were downregulated in fibroblasts isolated from human keratoconus stroma compared to normal corneal stroma. To further extend the finding, we determined whether HuR expression affects β-actin gene expression and in turn affects corneal fibroblast migration and wound healing. METHODS Stromal keratocytes from normal human corneas were cultured in the presence of serum. Cells were transfected with siRNA specific for β-actin or HuR. SiRNAs specific for GAPDH or a scrambled sequence were used as positive and negative controls (siCTR) for transfection, respectively. The effects of gene silencing were analyzed at the transcriptional and translational levels. Specific proteins were immunohistochemically localized using confocal imaging. The effects of gene silencing on cell migration and cell proliferation were analyzed using a modified Boyden chamber and with a wound healing assay, respectively. RESULTS Reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and western blot analyses showed that when the HuR gene was silenced, β-actin expression was significantly downregulated. This was further confirmed at the translational level with immunohistochemical-confocal analysis. However, when the β-actin gene was silenced, its expression was significantly decreased but showed no effect on HuR gene expression. When the β-actin or HuR gene was individually silenced, the motility and proliferation of corneal fibroblasts were significantly reduced. CONCLUSIONS The results show that downregulation of the HuR gene results in decreased β-actin gene expression, which in turn results in decreased motility and proliferation of corneal fibroblasts. We conclude that decreased β-actin expression in normal corneal stroma clearly disrupts the cytoskeletal structure and functions, including keratocyte motility and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Joseph
- Department of Vision Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - O.P. Srivastava
- Department of Vision Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - R.R. Pfister
- Eye Research Laboratory, Eye Research Foundation, Birmingham, AL
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Abstract
Human papillomavirus-driven verruca vulgaris infection is common in solid organ transplant recipients and increases the risk for squamous cell carcinoma. The available treatment modalities have limited response. We report a renal allograft recipient who presented with multiple warts not responding to cryotherapy and radiosurgery with one turning malignant, needing amputation of the finger. An extract from Thuja occidentalis (White cedar tree) cured the resistant warts on the other fingers, leaving only superficial scars and without affecting allograft function. We have reviewed the pharmacological and clinical properties of T. occidentalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Joseph
- Department of Nephrology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
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Kumar S, Joseph R, Moore E, Phadnis S, Padwick M, Sanusi A. M320 FIVE YEAR FOLLOW UP FOR WOMEN WITH INCOMPLETE ENDOCERVICAL MARGIN FOLLOWING LLETZ. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(12)61511-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Moore E, Kumar S, Joseph R, Phadnis S, Padwick M, Sanusi A. M319 COLPOSCOPY IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN: A NINE YEAR REVIEW. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(12)61510-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Doijad RC, Manvi FV, Godhwani DM, Joseph R, Deshmukh NV. Formulation and targeting efficiency of Cisplatin engineered solid lipid nanoparticles. Indian J Pharm Sci 2011; 70:203-7. [PMID: 20046713 PMCID: PMC2792476 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.41456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2007] [Revised: 01/28/2008] [Accepted: 03/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study is aimed at the overall improvement in the efficacy, reduced toxicity and enhancement of therapeutic index of cisplatin. Solid lipid nanoparticulate delivery system of cisplatin has been developed by microemulsification method by using stearic acid, soy lecithin 95% and sodium glycolate. The formulations were then characterized with respect to size and its surface morphology, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, in vitro drug release profile, in vivo drug targeting studies and its stability under specific conditions. The formulated solid lipid nanoparticles were oval with a diameter ranging from 250 nm to 500 nm. The lowest entrapment efficiency was found to be 47.59% and highest was found to be 74.53%. The zeta potential was in the range of -9.8 to -11.2 mv. In vitro release study was analyzed using various mathematical models. Highest cumulative percent drug release was observed with F-1 (97.22 %) and lowest with F-4 (78.43%) in 16 h. The in vivo result of formulated solid lipid nanoparticles of cisplatin reveals that the drug is preferentially targeting to liver followed by brain and lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Doijad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, K. L. E. S's College of Pharmacy, JNMC Campus, Nehru Nagar, Belguam-590 010, India
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Joseph R, Srivastava OP, Pfister RR. Differential epithelial and stromal protein profiles in keratoconus and normal human corneas. Exp Eye Res 2011; 92:282-98. [PMID: 21281627 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2011.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Revised: 01/18/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to identify epithelial and stromal proteins that exhibit up- or down-regulation in keratoconus (KC) vs. normal human corneas. Because previous proteomic studies utilized whole human corneas or epithelium alone, thereby diluted the specificity of the proteome of each tissue, we selectively analyzed the epithelium and stromal proteins. Individual preparations of epithelial and stromal proteins from KC and age-matched normal corneas were analyzed by two independent methods, i.e., a shotgun proteomic using a Nano-Electrospray Ionization Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry [Nano-ESI-LC-MS (MS)(2)] and two-dimensional-difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) coupled with mass spectrometric methods. The label-free Nano-ESI-LC-MS (MS)(2) method identified 104 epithelial and 44 stromal proteins from both normal and KC corneas, and also quantified relative changes in levels of selected proteins, in both the tissues using spectral counts in a proteomic dataset. Relative to normal corneal epithelial proteins, six KC epithelial proteins (lamin-A/C, keratin type I cytoskeletal 14, tubulin beta chain, heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein, keratin type I cytoskeletal 16 and protein S100-A4) exhibited up-regulation and five proteins (transketolase, pyruvate kinase, 14-3-3 sigma isoform, phosphoglycerate kinase 1, and NADPH dehydrogenase (quinone) 1) showed down-regulation. A similar relative analysis showed that three KC stromal proteins (decorin, vimentin and keratocan) were up-regulated and five stromal proteins (TGF-betaig h3 (Bigh3), serotransferrin, MAM domain-containing protein 2 and isoforms 2C2A of collagen alpha-2[VI] chain) were down-regulated. The 2D-DIGE-mass spectrometry followed by Decyder software analysis showed that relative to normal corneas, the KC corneal epithelium exhibited up-regulation of four proteins (serum albumin, keratin 5, L-lactate dehydrogenase and annexin A8) and down-regulation of four proteins (FTH1 [Ferritin heavy chain protein 1], calpain small subunit 1, heat shock protein beta 1 and annexin A2). A similar relative analysis of stroma by this method also showed up-regulation of aldehyde dehydrogenase 3A1 (ALDH3A1), keratin 12, apolipoprotein A-IV precursor, haptoglobin precursor, prolipoprotein and lipoprotein Gln in KC corneas. Together, the results suggested that the Nano-ESI-LC-MS(MS)(2) method was superior than the 2D-DIGE method as it identified a greater number of proteins with altered levels in KC corneas. Further, the epithelial and stromal structural proteins of KC corneas exhibited altered levels compared to normal corneas, suggesting that they are affected due to structural remodeling during KC development and progression. Additionally, because several epithelial and stromal enzymes exhibited up- or down-regulation in the KC corneas relative to normal corneas, the two layers of KC corneas were under metabolic stress to adjust their remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Joseph
- Department of Vision Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 924 18th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35294-4390, USA
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Mwambete KD, Joseph R. Knowledge and perception of mothers and caregivers on childhood diarrhoea and its management in Temeke municipality, Tanzania. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 12:47-54. [PMID: 20737828 DOI: 10.4314/thrb.v12i1.56278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Diarrhoea is an increase in volume of stool or frequency of defecation. It is one of the most common clinical signs of gastrointestinal diseases, but also can reflect primary disorders outside of the digestive system. This cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted in Temeke Municipality, Dar es Salaam over a 4-month period to investigate on knowledge and perception of mothers/caregivers of underfives on childhood diarrhoea. Specifically, the study focused on frequency of diarrhoeal episodes and their risk factors as well as effectiveness of traditional remedies used for its management prior to seeking medical attention. A semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection, through which a total of 161 mothers were interviewed. Of those, 74 (46%) had female and 87 (54%) had male underfives with median age of 2-years. Frequency of diarrhoeal episodes was high among the underfives and was comparable between females and males (87 vs 74; P<0.05). Medicinal plants were the most common traditional remedies employed by majority (71%) of the interviewees, which have been purported to be effective in management of childhood diarrhoea. Guava (leaves and fruits) was the most commonly used remedy in the treatment of diarrhoea. Mothers' knowledge on predisposing factors of childhood diarrhoea was poor, which was directly correlated with education level. Only about one-third of the respondents (31%) were aware of risk factors for childhood diarrhoea that cited poor sanitation and water as the main factors. Diarrhoeal episodes were perceived wrongly as normal growth stage and that were caused by several other "illnesses". It is important that further studies on traditional remedies should be carried out to validate their usefulness in the treatment of childhood diarrhoea.
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Affiliation(s)
- K D Mwambete
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Health & Allied Sciences, School of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 65013, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
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Joseph R, Coker M. Postpartum complete heart block in a healthy patient. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2010; 30:314. [PMID: 20373942 DOI: 10.3109/01443610903576274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Joseph
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Watford General Hospital, London, UK.
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Horowitz T, Wolfe J, Keehn B, Connolly C, Joseph R. Is superior visual search in autism due to memory in search? J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/7.9.712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Wildemauwe C, De Brouwer D, Godard C, Buyssens P, Dewit J, Joseph R, Vanhoof R. The use of spa and phage typing for characterization of a MRSA population in a Belgian hospital: Comparison between 2002 and 2007. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 58:70-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.patbio.2009.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2009] [Accepted: 07/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ahmed I, Joseph R, Olagundoye V, Shahid J. An unusual presentation of yolk sac tumour (endodermal sinus tumour) in a pre-menarche girl with uncombable hair syndrome. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2009; 29:159-60. [PMID: 19274561 DOI: 10.1080/01443610802646868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I Ahmed
- Department of Women and Children Services, Alexandra Hospital, Redditch, Worcestershire, UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Joseph
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Watford General Hospital, Watford, UK.
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Kamm MA, Lichtenstein GR, Sandborn WJ, Schreiber S, Lees K, Barrett K, Joseph R. Randomised trial of once- or twice-daily MMX mesalazine for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis. Gut 2008; 57:893-902. [PMID: 18272546 PMCID: PMC2564831 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2007.138248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Maintenance treatment in ulcerative colitis should be as convenient as possible, to increase the chance of compliance. MMX mesalazine is a once-daily, high-strength (1.2 g/tablet) formulation of 5-aminosalicylic acid. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of MMX mesalazine dosed once or twice daily as maintenance therapy in patients with ulcerative colitis. METHODS This multicentre, randomised, open-label trial enrolled patients with strictly defined clinical and endoscopic remission, immediately following an episode of mild to moderate ulcerative colitis. Patients were randomised to MMX mesalazine 2.4 g/day as a single (2x1.2 g tablet) or divided dose (1x1.2 g tablet twice daily) for 12 months. RESULTS 174 patients (37.9%; safety population n = 459) experienced 384 adverse events, the majority of which were mild or moderate in intensity. Eighteen patients (3.9%), nine in each group, experienced a total of 22 serious adverse events (10 in the once-daily and 12 in the twice-daily group). Most serious adverse events were gastrointestinal, experienced by 5 patients in the once-daily and 4 in the twice-daily group. At month 12, 64.4% (efficacy population, n = 451) of patients in the once-daily and 68.5% of patients in the twice-daily group were in clinical and endoscopic remission (p = 0.351). At month 12, 88.9% and 93.2% in each group, respectively, had maintained clinical remission (were relapse free). CONCLUSIONS MMX mesalazine 2.4 g/day administered as a single or divided dose demonstrated a good safety profile, was well tolerated and was effective as maintenance treatment. High clinical and endoscopic remission rates can be achieved with once-daily dosing. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT00151944.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Kamm
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - G R Lichtenstein
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - W J Sandborn
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinic, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - S Schreiber
- First Department of Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Kiel, Germany
| | - K Lees
- Shire Pharmaceuticals Inc., Wayne, Philadelphia, USA
| | - K Barrett
- Shire Pharmaceuticals Inc., Basingstoke, Hampshire, UK
| | - R Joseph
- Shire Pharmaceuticals Inc., Wayne, Philadelphia, USA
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Abstract
A newborn with homozygous alpha-thalassemia presented with intrauterine growth retardation and presumed persistent pulmonary hypertension. He also had moderate anemia, hepatomegaly and hypospadias. Correlating the newborn's clinical presentation with an underlying cause of anemia was helpful for early diagnosis. Prenatal blood tests must include red cell indices and a mean corpuscular volume value below 80 fL should prompt thalassemia screening in an at-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y P M Ng
- Department of Neonatology, National University Hospital, Singapore.
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Quah HM, Joseph R, Schrag D, Shia J, Guillem JG, Paty PB, Temple LK, Wong WD, Weiser MR. Young age influences treatment but not outcome of colon cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2007; 14:2759-65. [PMID: 17593332 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-007-9465-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2007] [Accepted: 05/04/2007] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early age at onset is often considered a poor prognostic factor for colon cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the association between age, clinicopathologic features, adjuvant therapy, and outcomes following colon cancer resection. METHODS A prospective database of 1,327 surgical stage I-III colon cancer patients operated on from 1990-2001 was evaluated, and patients grouped by age. RESULTS Sixty-eight patients (5%) were diagnosed at age <or=40 years (younger) compared with 1,259 patients diagnosed at age >40 (older). Younger patients were more likely to have left-sided tumors (66% vs 51%, P = .02), but no more likely to present with symptomatic lesions, more advanced tumors, or have worse pathologic features. Younger patients were noted to have more nodes retrieved in their surgical specimens than older patients (median 18 vs 14, P = .001), although the numbers of total colectomies were similar in both groups. Younger patients were also more likely to receive adjuvant chemotherapy, and this was most pronounced in the stage II cohort: 39% vs 14%, P = .003. With a median follow-up of 55 months, 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) was similar in both study groups: 86% vs 87%, but 5-year overall survival (OS) was significantly higher in the younger patient cohort (84% vs 73%, P = .001). CONCLUSION Younger patients undergoing complete resection of stage I-III colon cancer had DSS similar to older patients. However, younger patients had more nodes retrieved from their specimens and were more likely to receive adjuvant therapy, especially for node-negative disease. These factors may have contributed to their overall favorable outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Quah
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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Oettel KR, Joseph R, George B, Lee J, Mathiason M, Meyer L, Go R. Compliance to National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines in patients with newly diagnosed small cell lung cancer at a community cancer center. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.17064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
17064 Background: The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) provides yearly updated guidelines for the management of patients diagnosed with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Compliance to clinical guidelines may improve patient care and outcome, but this may vary among institutions. In this study, we determined the compliance of our community cancer center to the NCCN guidelines in patients with SCLC. Methods: We identified patients with newly diagnosed SCLC in 2004 and 2005 using our cancer registry database. Using the NCCN guideline for the corresponding years, we determined the compliance rate for the following phases of cancer care: initial evaluation (pathology review, imaging, smoking cessation counseling, mediastinal staging for T1-T2 limited disease), and treatment (chemotherapy, radiation). Results: There were 39 new patients with SCLC, 14 (35.9%) of which had limited stage disease. The overall compliance rates for initial evaluation and treatment were 33.3%, and 92.3%, respectively. A total of 32 deviations were identified: 21 (65.6%) for neglecting smoking cessation counseling, 7 (21.9%) for not performing recommended imaging, 3 (9.4%) for not giving recommended chemotherapy and/or radiation and 1 (3.1%) for not reviewing outside pathology. In all of the imaging and treatment deviations, there were medically appropriate reasons for doing so: 7 patients with limited disease had PET/CT scan instead of CT/bone scan (PET/CT scan now incorporated into the 2006 guidelines); 2 patients with limited disease did not receive concurrent chemoradiotherapy due to poor performance status and co-morbidity; 1 patient with extensive disease refused chemotherapy. Conclusion: Our compliance with NCCN guidelines for SCLC was poor for initial evaluation, but better for treatment. The primary reasons for this outcome were the lack of a perceived benefit in smoking cessation counseling and the use of PET/CT scanning as the initial imaging modality of choice. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R. Joseph
- Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse, WI
| | - B. George
- Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse, WI
| | - J. Lee
- Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse, WI
| | | | - L. Meyer
- Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse, WI
| | - R. Go
- Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse, WI
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Abstract
Lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LYG) is a rare multisystemic angiocentric lymphoproliferative disease, which can masquerade as necrotic tissue. There is a paucity of reports of LYG in renal transplant recipients. Herein, we describe LYG in a 56-year-old renal allograft recipient 11 years after transplantation, on azathioprine and prednisolone maintenance immunosuppression, presenting to us with fever, weight loss, and nodular and patchy opacities in both lung fields. Initial percutaneous samples showed necrotic tissue while open biopsy revealed characteristic histopathology with evidence of Epstein-Barr virus. We have reviewed the radiological and pathological findings, and discussed clinical features, differential diagnosis, and treatment of LYG.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Joseph
- Department of Nephrology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
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Chen B, Kapturczak MH, Joseph R, George JF, Campbell-Thompson M, Wasserfall CH, Atkinson MA, Tisher CC, Flotte TR, Agarwal A, Chen S. Adeno-associated viral vector-mediated interleukin-10 prolongs allograft survival in a rat kidney transplantation model. Am J Transplant 2007; 7:1112-20. [PMID: 17456199 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2007.01772.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays a pivotal role in the regulation of immune responses. Hence, we evaluated the effects of a recombinant adeno-associated viral vector 1 (rAAV1) encoding rat IL-10 (rAAV1-IL-10) in a rat model of kidney allograft rejection. Dark Agouti rat kidneys were transplanted into Wistar-Furth (WF) rats 8 weeks following a single intramuscular administration of either rAAV1-IL-10 or rAAV1-green fluorescence protein (GFP). Isografts (WF-WF) served as an additional experimental control. Both allograft and isograft recipients received daily cyclosporine (10 mg/kg) for 14 days after transplantation. Serum IL-10 levels increased at 8, 12 and 16 weeks following vector administration in rAAV1-IL-10-treated animals, but not in rAAV1-GFP and isograft groups. rAAV1-IL-10 treatment resulted in lower BUN and creatinine levels (p<0.001), as well as increased allograft survival rates from 22% to 90%. Allograft histological abnormalities were significantly attenuated in the rAAV1-IL-10-treated rats compared with those of rAAV1-GFP controls. Serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as growth-related oncogene were also significantly higher in the rAAV1-GFP group than in the rAAV1-IL-10 group. These data suggest delivery of IL-10 using a rAAV1 vector improves renal function and prolongs graft survival in a rat model of kidney transplant rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Chen
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Research and Training Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Dierkes WK, Rajan VV, Noordermeer JWM, Joseph R. Application of NR-Based Latex Reclaim: The Link Between Structure and Properties. Rubber Chemistry and Technology 2007. [DOI: 10.5254/1.3548168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Natural rubber based waste latex rubber (WLR) that is reclaimed with diphenyldisulphide by a thermo-mechanical process is blended with virgin rubber in different proportion to study the change in mechanical and viscoelastic properties. Two types of WLR differing mainly in the amount of polysulfidic linkages are reclaimed and blended with a virgin rubber compound with and without adjustment of the curing system, the former in order to compensate for the extra input of sulfur and accelerators due to the addition of reclaim. The cure behavior, final crosslink density and distribution, mechanical properties and dynamic viscoelastic properties of the blends with reclaimed WLR are compared to the property profile of the virgin material. The morphology of the blends as well as sulfur distribution between the matrix and the reclaim particle is analyzed. With increasing concentrations of WLR reclaim, tensile strength, tear strength and elongation at break decrease, whereas modulus at 100% elongation, compression set and hardness show an increase. The storage modulus of the vulcanized rubber blends decreases with increasing WLR reclaim content in the blend. Swelling measurements show that the crosslink density is reduced for the adjusted cure system but increased for a fixed cure system. These influences of reclaimed WLR on the property profile of a virgin compound will be discussed fundamentally in terms of morphology and crosslink distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. K. Dierkes
- 1University of Twente, Faculty of Science and Technology, Dept. of Rubber Technology P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands;
| | - V. V. Rajan
- 1University of Twente, Faculty of Science and Technology, Dept. of Rubber Technology P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands;
| | - J. W. M. Noordermeer
- 1University of Twente, Faculty of Science and Technology, Dept. of Rubber Technology P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands;
| | - R. Joseph
- 2Cochin University of Science and Technology, Dept. of Polymer Science & Rubber Technology Kochi - 22, Kerala, India
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Glupczynski Y, Behrin C, Allemeersch D, André M, De Beenhouwer H, Cartuyvels R, Frans J, Govaerts D, Joseph R, Phillipart I, Surmont I, Van den Abeele AM, Verhaegen J, Nonhoff C, Denis O, Struelens M. P1827 Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with reduced susceptibility to glycopeptides in Belgian hospitals: results of a multicentre survey. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(07)71666-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Walker CA, Gregori A, O'Connor P, Jaques K, Joseph R. Sick notes, general practitioners, emergency departments and fracture clinics. Emerg Med J 2007; 24:31-2. [PMID: 17183039 PMCID: PMC2658149 DOI: 10.1136/emj.2006.042960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND General practitioner waiting times are increasing. The two national surveys regarding general practice showed that the number of patients waiting for >or=2 days for an appointment rose from 63% to 72% between 1998 and 2002, with 25% waiting for >or=4 days. The Department of Health recognised that many patients discharged from hospitals and outpatient clinics required to visit their general practitioner for the sole purpose of obtaining a sick note. The report entitled Making a difference: reducing general practitioner paperwork estimated that 518 000 appointments (and 42 000 GP h) could be saved by ensuring that these patients were issued with a sick note directly from hospital rather than being referred to their general practitioner. This practice was to be adopted from July 2001 and included patients discharged from wards as well as those seen in outpatient departments. METHOD 50 emergency departments and fracture clinics in Scotland and England were contacted to assess whether these guidelines had been adopted. Only hospitals with both accident and emergency and fracture clinics were included; nurse-led and paediatric departments were excluded. RESULTS Of the 25 Scottish emergency hospitals contacted, 4 (16%) accident and emergency departments and 8 (32%) fracture clinics issued sick notes. This was compared with 5 of 25 (20%) accident and emergency departments and 12 of 25 (48%) fracture clinics in England. Four Scottish and five English accident and emergency departments stated that it was policy to give sick notes, three Scottish and four English departments said that it was policy not to give them and the rest (72% in Scotland and 64% in England) stated that they had no clear policy but "just don't give them". CONCLUSION The 2001 guidance from the joint Cabinet Office/Department of Health has not been fully incorporated into standard practice in Scotland and England. If all emergency departments and fracture clinics were to issue sick notes to patients requiring >7 days absence from work, this could reduce general practitioner consultations and improve waiting times.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Walker
- Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Glasgow, UK.
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Rajan VV, Dierkes WK, Joseph R, Noordermeer JWM. Effect of diphenyldisulfides with different substituents on the reclamation of NR based latex products. J Appl Polym Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/app.25925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Abraham EK, Ramesh P, Joseph R. Determination of zinc diethyldithiocarbamate released into artificial sweat from natural rubber latex vulcanizates by HPLC. J Chromatogr Sci 2007; 45:1-5. [PMID: 17254376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A simple high-performance liquid chromatography method is adopted in order to quantitate the amount of zinc diethyldithiocarbamate (ZDEC) released into artificial sweat from natural rubber latex vulcanizates. The artificial sweat is extracted with dichloromethane, and the residue is recovered and re-dissolved in a known quantity of dichloromethane. ZDEC is quantitated as its copper complex by reacting with copper(II) sulphate. A reversed-phase C18 column and detection wavelength of 435 nm are used to measure the copper-dithiocarbamate complex. The procedure is repeated with cobalt(II) chloride, and the amount of ZDEC obtained by both the methods is compared. It is found that the recovery of ZDEC from the artificial sweat is high when copper(II) sulphate is used, indicating that the copper(II) sulphate is a better complexing agent than cobalt(II) chloride under the conditions used in the present study. The limits of detection and the quantitation of ZDEC are found to be 0.25 and 0.86 microg/mL, respectively. The present method, based on precolumn derivatization using copper(II) sulphate, facilitates the quantitation of ZDEC in latex products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth K Abraham
- Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram-695 012, Kerala, India
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