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Katz MA, Harlev EB, Chazan B, Chowers M, Greenberg D, Peretz A, Tshori S, Levy J, Yacobi M, Hirsch A, Amichay D, Weinberger R, Dor AB, Taraday EK, Reznik D, Chayat CB, Sagas D, Zvi HB, Berdinstein R, Rashid G, Avni YS, Mandelboim M, Zuckerman N, Rainy N, Akriv A, Dagan N, Kepten E, Barda N, Balicer RD. Early effectiveness of BNT162b2 Covid-19 vaccine in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare personnel in six Israeli hospitals (CoVEHPI). Vaccine 2022; 40:512-520. [PMID: 34903372 PMCID: PMC8662353 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.11.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methodologically rigorous studies on Covid-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection are critically needed to inform national and global policy on Covid-19 vaccine use. In Israel, healthcare personnel (HCP) were initially prioritized for Covid-19 vaccination, creating an ideal setting to evaluate early real-world VE in a closely monitored population. METHODS We conducted a prospective study among HCP in 6 hospitals to estimate the effectiveness of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection. Participants filled out weekly symptom questionnaires, provided weekly nasal specimens, and three serology samples - at enrollment, 30 days and 90 days. We estimated VE against PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection using the Cox Proportional Hazards model and against a combined PCR/serology endpoint using Fisher's exact test. RESULTS Of the 1567 HCP enrolled between December 27, 2020 and February 15, 2021, 1250 previously uninfected participants were included in the primary analysis; 998 (79.8%) were vaccinated with their first dose prior to or at enrollment, all with Pfizer BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. There were four PCR-positive events among vaccinated participants, and nine among unvaccinated participants. Adjusted two-dose VE against any PCR-confirmed infection was 94.5% (95% CI: 82.6%-98.2%); adjusted two-dose VE against a combined endpoint of PCR and seroconversion for a 60-day follow-up period was 94.5% (95% CI: 63.0%-99.0%). Five PCR-positive samples from study participants were sequenced; all were alpha variant. CONCLUSIONS Our prospective VE study of HCP in Israel with rigorous weekly surveillance found very high VE for two doses of Pfizer BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection in recently vaccinated HCP during a period of predominant alpha variant circulation. FUNDING Clalit Health Services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Katz
- Clalit Research Institute, Innovation Division, Clalit Health Services, Ramat Gan, Israel; School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel; University of Michigan, School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Efrat Bron Harlev
- Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikvah, Israel
| | - Bibiana Chazan
- Infectious Diseases and Infection Control Unit, Ha'Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel; Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Michal Chowers
- Infectious Diseases, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - David Greenberg
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit the Pediatric Division, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel; Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Alon Peretz
- Occupational Medicine Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Sagi Tshori
- Research Authority, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel; The Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Joseph Levy
- Clalit Research Institute, Innovation Division, Clalit Health Services, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Mili Yacobi
- Clalit Research Institute, Innovation Division, Clalit Health Services, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Avital Hirsch
- Clalit Research Institute, Innovation Division, Clalit Health Services, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Doron Amichay
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel; Clalit Central Laboratory, Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ronit Weinberger
- Clalit Central Laboratory, Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anat Ben Dor
- Clalit Central Laboratory, Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Dana Reznik
- Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikvah, Israel
| | - Chen Barazani Chayat
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikvah, Israel
| | - Dana Sagas
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Ha'Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - Haim Ben Zvi
- Microbiology Department, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Rita Berdinstein
- The Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; Microbiology Department, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gloria Rashid
- Department of Clinical Laboratories, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
| | | | - Michal Mandelboim
- Central Virology Laboratory, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ministry of Health, Ramat Gan, Israel; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Neta Zuckerman
- Central Virology Laboratory, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ministry of Health, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Nir Rainy
- Laboratory Division, Shamir Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Amichay Akriv
- Clalit Research Institute, Innovation Division, Clalit Health Services, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Noa Dagan
- Clalit Research Institute, Innovation Division, Clalit Health Services, Ramat Gan, Israel; Software and Information Systems Engineering, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Ivan and Francesca Berkowitz Family Living Laboratory at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eldad Kepten
- Clalit Research Institute, Innovation Division, Clalit Health Services, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Noam Barda
- Clalit Research Institute, Innovation Division, Clalit Health Services, Ramat Gan, Israel; Software and Information Systems Engineering, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Ivan and Francesca Berkowitz Family Living Laboratory at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ran D Balicer
- Clalit Research Institute, Innovation Division, Clalit Health Services, Ramat Gan, Israel; School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
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Ziv-Baran T, Dubov Y, Weinberger R, Guz-Mark A, Shamir R, Assa A. Anti-tissue transglutaminase titers are associated with endoscopic findings and severity of mucosal damage in children with celiac disease. Eur J Pediatr 2021; 180:263-269. [PMID: 32772154 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-020-03770-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to assess the correlation between clinical findings, serology, endoscopic findings, and histology in children diagnosed with celiac disease. Medical records of children diagnosed with celiac disease (2010-2017) at the Schneider Children's Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. Correlation between serologic measures anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG)/anti-endomysial antibodies (EMA) and other variables including mucosal damage, endoscopic findings (scalloping of duodenal folds), and clinical findings (abdominal pain, diarrhea, and anemia) was assessed. Out of 686 patients, 432 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria (females 262, 61%; median age 6.0; interquartile range 4.0-9.0 years). Distribution of histopathology findings was Marsh IIIa 4%, Marsh IIIb 25%, and Marsh IIIc 71% with 313 (73%) patients having anti-tTG titer of ≥ 10 times the upper normal limit. Anti-tTG titer (but not EMA) positively correlated with Marsh grades, scalloping of duodenal folds and anemia. Anti-tTG ≥ 10 times the upper normal limit was associated with Marsh IIIc changes with an adjusted odds ratio of 4.5 (95% confidence interval, 1.7-12.1). Diarrhea and abdominal pain were not associated with serologic, endoscopic, or histologic markers of disease severity.Conclusion: Anti-tTG titers correlated with macroscopic and microscopic mucosal damage, with anemia but not with diarrhea or abdominal pain in children with celiac disease. What is Known: • Tissue transglutaminase antibody titers were shown to correlate with the degree of mucosal damage in patients with celiac disease. • There is a limited evidence regarding the association of celiac serologies with endoscopic and clinical measures. What is New: • Higher titers of tissue transglutaminase but not anti-endomysial antibodies are associated with more severe histologic and endoscopic damage and with the presence of anemia. • Symptoms do not correlate with the severity of mucosal damage such as scalloping of duodenal folds and histopathology changes according to Marsh classification or with serologic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomer Ziv-Baran
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yulia Dubov
- Immunology Laboratory, Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Anat Guz-Mark
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Disease, Schneider Children's Medical Center, 14 Kaplan St., 4920235, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Raanan Shamir
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Disease, Schneider Children's Medical Center, 14 Kaplan St., 4920235, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Amit Assa
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. .,Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Disease, Schneider Children's Medical Center, 14 Kaplan St., 4920235, Petah Tikva, Israel.
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Weinberger R, Warken B, König H, Vill K, Gerstl L, Borggraefe I, Heinen F, von Kries R, Schroeder AS. Three by three weeks of robot-enhanced repetitive gait therapy within a global rehabilitation plan improves gross motor development in children with cerebral palsy - a retrospective cohort study. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2019; 23:581-588. [PMID: 31155454 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess the improvement in gross motor function following three blocks of a three-week, intensive robot-enhanced treadmill therapy (ROBERT-Program). METHOD retrospective chart review in a before-after interventional trial in children with cerebral palsy attending a university hospital outpatient rehabilitation centre. Patients received three blocks of a three-week, 12 sessions ROBERT-Program over a mean period of 24 months. Outcome measures were block specific and cumulative improvement in GMFM 66, D and E. Longterm GMFM 66 improvements were compared to the individuals' expected increment as derived from previously published GMFM-66 percentiles. 95% confidence intervals (CI) and paired t-test were calculated. RESULTS 20 children (8 GMFCS Level II; 12 GMFCS Level III, mean age 5.9 years (CI: [5.0; 6.7])) were treated. For each block a significant increase in motor performance in similar size could be observed without deterioration between blocks. The cumulative improvement during 21 months observation period was: 6.5 (CI: [4.8; 8.2]) in GMFM 66, which represents a clinically meaningful effect size of 3.6 (CI: [1.4; 5.8]) above the expected improvement. INTERPRETATION Progressive clinically meaningful improvement in motor performance for three blocks of ROBERT-Program was observed. Cumulative GMFM 66 improvements exceeded the individuals' age-specific expected course.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Weinberger
- Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Hauner Children's Hospital, Department of Paediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Lindwurmstr. 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany; Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Haydnstraße 5/IV. Stock, D-80336 Munich, Germany
| | - B Warken
- Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Hauner Children's Hospital, Department of Paediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Lindwurmstr. 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - H König
- Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Hauner Children's Hospital, Department of Paediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Lindwurmstr. 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - K Vill
- Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Hauner Children's Hospital, Department of Paediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Lindwurmstr. 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - L Gerstl
- Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Hauner Children's Hospital, Department of Paediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Lindwurmstr. 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - I Borggraefe
- Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Hauner Children's Hospital, Department of Paediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Lindwurmstr. 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - F Heinen
- Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Hauner Children's Hospital, Department of Paediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Lindwurmstr. 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - R von Kries
- Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Haydnstraße 5/IV. Stock, D-80336 Munich, Germany
| | - A S Schroeder
- Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Hauner Children's Hospital, Department of Paediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Lindwurmstr. 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany.
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Weinberger R, Weisman O, Guri Y, Harel T, Weizman A, Gothelf D. The interaction between neurocognitive functioning, subthreshold psychotic symptoms and pharmacotherapy in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: A longitudinal comparative study. Eur Psychiatry 2018; 48:20-26. [PMID: 29331595 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is the most common genetic syndrome associated with schizophrenia. The goal of this study was to evaluate longitudinally the interaction between neurocognitive functioning, the presence of subthreshold psychotic symptoms (SPS) and conversion to psychosis in individuals with 22q11DS. In addition, we attempted to identify the specific neurocognitive domains that predict the longitudinal evolution of positive and negative SPS, as well as the effect of psychiatric medications on 22q11DS psychiatric and cognitive developmental trajectories. METHODS Forty-four participants with 22q11DS, 19 with Williams syndrome (WS) and 30 typically developing (TD) controls, age range 12-35years, were assessed at two time points (15.2±2.1months apart). Evaluation included the Structured Interview for Prodromal Symptoms (SIPS), structured psychiatric evaluation and the Penn Computerized Neurocognitive Battery (CNB). RESULTS 22q11DS individuals with SPS had a yearly conversion rate to psychotic disorders of 8.8%, compared to none in both WS and TD controls. Baseline levels of negative SPS were associated with global neurocognitive performance (GNP), executive function and social cognition deficits, in individuals with 22q11DS, but not in WS. Deficits in GNP predicted negative SPS in 22q11DS and the emergence or persistence of negative SPS. 22q11DS individuals treated with psychiatric medications showed significant improvement in GNP score between baseline and follow-up assessments, an improvement that was not seen in untreated 22q11DS. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the time-dependent interplay among positive and negative SPS symptoms, neurocognition and pharmacotherapy in the prediction of the evolution of psychosis in 22q11DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Weinberger
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - O Weisman
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel; The Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Y Guri
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - T Harel
- The Behavioral Neurogenetics Center, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - A Weizman
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel; Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel; Research Unit, Geha Mental Health Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - D Gothelf
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel; The Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel; The Behavioral Neurogenetics Center, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.
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Herishanu Y, Polliack A, Shenhar-Tsarfaty S, Weinberger R, Gelman R, Ziv-Baran T, Zeltser D, Shapira I, Berliner S, Rogowski O. Increased serum C-reactive protein levels are associated with shorter survival and development of second cancers in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Ann Med 2017; 49:75-82. [PMID: 27595291 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2016.1232860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by a heterogeneous clinical course, ranging from stable to more aggressive disease. Herein, we determined the prognostic significance of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in patients with CLL Methods: A retrospective cohort study reviewing the records of 107 consecutive treatment naïve patients with CLL and a control group comprised of apparently healthy individuals attending for periodic health examinations. RESULTS The median CRP level of patients with CLL was 0.19 mg/dL (0-2.9). In univariate analysis, high-CRP levels (≥0.4 mg/dL) were significantly associated with an increased risk of mortality (HR = 3.97, 95%CI 1.64-9.62, p = .002) and development of second solid cancers (HR = 4.54, 95%CI 1.57-13.11, p = .005), compared to low-CRP values (<0.4 mg/dL). In multivariate analysis, high-CRP retained statistical significance for all-cause mortality (HR = 2.81, 95%CI 1.04-7.57, p = .04) and the development of second solid malignancies (HR = 4.54, 95%CI 1.57-13.11, p = .005). Moreover, when compared to an apparently healthy population, CLL patients with high CRP levels had more than an eightfold risk of cancer. CONCLUSIONS Elevated baseline CRP levels are associated with shorter survival and development of second cancers in patients with CLL. We suggest that increased CRP in patients with CLL may justify a more rigorous search for second cancers. KEY MESSAGES Elevated CRP levels are associated with a shorter overall survival in CLL. Elevated CRP levels are associated with an increased risk of second cancers in CLL. Increased CRP in patients with CLL may justify a more rigorous search for second cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yair Herishanu
- a The Department of Hematology , Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center , Tel Aviv , Israel.,b Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel
| | | | - Shani Shenhar-Tsarfaty
- d Internal Medicine "C" Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center , Tel Aviv , Israel.,e Internal Medicine "E" Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center , Tel Aviv , Israel
| | - Ronit Weinberger
- f The Immunology Laboratory at Clalit Health Services , Tel-Aviv , Israel
| | - Ram Gelman
- e Internal Medicine "E" Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center , Tel Aviv , Israel
| | - Tomer Ziv-Baran
- g The Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine , School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel
| | - David Zeltser
- b Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel.,h Internal Medicine "D" Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center , Tel Aviv , Israel
| | - Itzhak Shapira
- b Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel
| | - Sholomo Berliner
- b Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel.,e Internal Medicine "E" Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center , Tel Aviv , Israel
| | - Ori Rogowski
- b Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel.,d Internal Medicine "C" Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center , Tel Aviv , Israel
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Salbach NM, Brooks D, Foster C(D, Liu J, Weinberger R, Kumar R, McVicar L. The Authors Respond. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2008.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Liu J, Drutz C, Kumar R, McVicar L, Weinberger R, Brooks D, Salbach NM. Use of the Six-Minute Walk Test Poststroke: Is There a Practice Effect? Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2008; 89:1686-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2008.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2007] [Revised: 02/15/2008] [Accepted: 02/17/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Yechieli Y, Kafri U, Wollman S, Lyakhovsky V, Weinberger R. On the relation between steep monoclinal flexure zones and steep hydraulic gradients. Ground Water 2007; 45:616-26. [PMID: 17760587 DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2007.00327.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Steep hydraulic gradients are found in association with steep monoclinal flexures. However, the physics of the reduction of the hydraulic conductivity, which is responsible for the steep gradients, has seldom been studied. We present results of hydrological and mechanical modeling aiming to study the effect of such steep hydraulic gradients demonstrated in the Judea Group Aquifer system, Israel. The hydrological configuration of steep dips and anisotropy between flows parallel and perpendicular to the bedding planes was simulated using the FEFLOW code. It exhibited a situation whereby part of the flow is oblique to the bedding planes and therefore some steepening of the hydraulic gradients occurred due to actual conductivity reduction. However, this reduction is not enough to account for the steeper gradients observed. The effect of a deep-seated reverse fault under the monocline on the permeability distribution within the structure was examined by numerical mechanical simulations. It exhibited a compressional stress distribution in the steep part of the monocline, which, due to shortening and closure of joints and voids, is presumably responsible for a significant pressure-induced permeability reduction. This process by itself in a layered structure, including interlayering of thin marl layers, could be responsible for the steep hydraulic gradients in the steep part of the monocline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yechieli
- Geological Survey of Israel, Jerusalem 95501, Israel.
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Weinberger R, Appel B, Stein A, Metz Y, Neheman A, Barak M. The pyruvate kinase isoenzyme M2 (Tu M2-PK) as a tumour marker for renal cell carcinoma. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2007; 16:333-7. [PMID: 17587357 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2354.2006.00753.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The M2 isoenzyme of pyruvate kinase (M2-PK) is specially expressed by tumour cells (Tu M2-PK) and has been detected in the peripheral blood of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We analysed the benefit of using Tu M2-PK as a tumour marker for primary detection of RCC by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The area under the curve was 0.674, and the sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) were 44.4%, 87.5% and 88%, respectively, at the ROC optimal cut-off of 28.2 kU/L. We examined 71 patients. Since the marker sensitivity for detection of the early stages T1 and T2 was only 47% it is not suggested to use this marker for primary diagnosis of RCC. Its use as part of the confirmatory preoperative evaluation might be considered in view of its high PPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Weinberger
- Central Laboratory of Haifa and Western Galilee, Clalit Health Services, Nesher, Israel.
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Barak M, Weinberger R, Marcusohn J, Froom P. Harmonization of the Bayer ADVIA Centaur and Abbott AxSYM automated B-type natriuretic peptide assay in patients on hemodialysis. Clin Chem Lab Med 2005; 43:554-6. [PMID: 15899679 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2005.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThere are two fully automated high-throughput clinical instruments for brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) assays, the Bayer ADVIA Centaur assay, and the Abbott AxSYM assay. Although both recommend a cut-off value of 100pg/mL, we are unaware of previous studies that have compared the unadjusted results of the two methods, required for proper evaluation of patients undergoing this test on different platforms. From 43 hemodialysis patients, 80 paired samples were collected by venipuncture into plastic evacuated tubes containing EDTA. The Bayer assay yielded lower values than the Abbott assay, with linear regression of 0.53×Abbott assay (95% confidence interval, 0.50–0.56) being forced through 0, demonstrating an r
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Barak
- Central Laboratory of Haifa and Western Galilee, Clalit Health Services, Nesher, Israel
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Barak M, Weinberger R. Outcome of IgM- and IgG-seropositive cases of varicella zoster in pregnancy. J Reprod Med 2004; 49:38-40. [PMID: 14976794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the outcome of IgG- and IgM-seropositive cases of varicella zoster virus (VZV) in pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN The VZV immune status of 120 pregnant women who had been exposed to VZV and did not recall a history of VZV infection was determined, and 109 were VZV immune. Eleven women were both IgG and IgM seropositive, and the outcomes of their pregnancies were studied. RESULTS Nine of the 11 VZV IgM-, IgG-seropositive pregnant women were asymptomatic, without fetal damage. CONCLUSION The majority of the women were asymptomatic, but no statement about the relative risk of being affected by the virus can be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Barak
- Central Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
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Abstract
A review of capillary electrophoresis of venoms and toxins is presented. Emphasis is placed on the analysis of real samples in complex matrices. The structures of some of the complex toxins are presented to illustrate the remarkable diversity and complexity of these materials.
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Lurie IS, Bethea MJ, McKibben TD, Hays PA, Pellegrini P, Sahai R, Garcia AD, Weinberger R. Use of dynamically coated capillaries for the routine analysis of methamphetamine, amphetamine, MDA, MDMA, MDEA, and cocaine using capillary electrophoresis. J Forensic Sci 2001; 46:1025-32. [PMID: 11569540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
A rapid, accurate, precise, reproducible, economical, and environmentally gentle method using capillary electrophoresis (CE) is presented for the routine analysis of methamphetamine, amphetamine, MDA, MDMA, MDEA, and cocaine in seized drugs. The methodology uses a 32 cm by 50 microm capillary (length to detector 23.5 cm) with a commercially available buffer kit and diode array UV detection. Dynamic coating of the capillary surface is accomplished by flushing with base for 1 min, a proprietary polycation for 1 min, and then a proprietary polyanion for 2 min. This approach provides a relatively high and stable electroosmotic flow (EOF), even at low pHs. The background electrolyte (BGE) contains 75 mM phosphate buffer (pH 2.5) with the same polyanion as above. Using this methodology, amphetamine, methamphetamine, MDA, MDMA, MDEA, and an internal standard (n-butylamphetamine) are baseline resolved in less than 5 min. The run-to-run migration time %RSDs and peak area %RSDs are typically <0.3% and <2.1%, respectively. The day-to-day and capillary-to-capillary migration time %RSDs are <1.5% and <2.1%, respectively. The %RSDs of the relative migration times compared with the internal standard on a day-to-day and capillary-to-capillary basis are <0.2% and <0.06%, respectively. The linear dynamic range using peak areas range from 0.003 to 0.10 mg/mL. The correlation coefficients are >0.9998, with all calibration curves passing at or near the origin. Similar data are obtained for cocaine and its internal standard henyltoloxamine. None of the compounds usually encountered in illicit samples interfere with the target compound (e.g., methamphetamine and cocaine) or the internal standard. Quantitative results for synthetic mixtures and seized exhibits are in good agreement with actual values, and also with results obtained from other techniques. The relatively high EOF for the dynamically coated capillary system allows for the screening of basic, acidic, and neutral adulterants in drug seizures; identification is facilitated by the use of automated UV library searches.
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Affiliation(s)
- I S Lurie
- US Drug Enforcement Administration, Special Testing and Research Laboratory, Chantilly, VA 20151, USA
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14
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Mills M, Yang N, Weinberger R, Vander Woude DL, Beggs AH, Easteal S, North K. Differential expression of the actin-binding proteins, alpha-actinin-2 and -3, in different species: implications for the evolution of functional redundancy. Hum Mol Genet 2001; 10:1335-46. [PMID: 11440986 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/10.13.1335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The alpha-actinins are a multigene family of four actin-binding proteins related to dystrophin. The two skeletal muscle isoforms of alpha-actinin (ACTN2 and ACTN3) are major structural components of the Z-line involved in anchoring the actin-containing thin filaments. In humans, ACTN2 is expressed in all muscle fibres, while ACTN3 expression is restricted to a subset of type 2 fibres. We have recently demonstrated that alpha-actinin-3 is absent in approximately 18% of individuals in a range of human populations, and that homozygosity for a premature stop codon (577X) accounts for most cases of true alpha-actinin-3 deficiency. Absence of alpha-actinin-3 is not associated with an obvious disease phenotype, raising the possibility that ACTN3 is functionally redundant in humans, and that alpha-actinin-2 is able to compensate for alpha-actinin-3 deficiency. We now present data concerning the expression of ACTN3 in other species. Genotyping of non-human primates indicates that the 577X null mutation has likely arisen in humans. The mouse genome contains four orthologues which all map to evolutionarily conserved syntenic regions for the four human genes. Murine Actn2 and Actn3 are differentially expressed, spatially and temporally, during embryonic development and, in contrast to humans, alpha-actinin-2 expression does not completely overlap alpha-actinin-3 in postnatal skeletal muscle, suggesting independent function. Furthermore, sequence comparison of human, mouse and chicken alpha-actinin genes demonstrates that ACTN3 has been conserved over a long period of evolutionary time, implying a constraint on evolutionary rate imposed by continued function of the gene. These observations provide a real framework in which to test theoretical models of genetic redundancy as they apply to human populations. In addition we highlight the need for caution in making conclusions about gene function from the phenotypic consequences of loss-of-function mutations in animal knockout models.
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MESH Headings
- Actinin/genetics
- Actinin/metabolism
- Alleles
- Animals
- Blotting, Northern
- Chromosome Mapping
- Cloning, Molecular
- Codon, Terminator/genetics
- DNA, Complementary/chemistry
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Embryo, Mammalian/metabolism
- Evolution, Molecular
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Gene Frequency
- Genetic Variation
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Microfilament Proteins/genetics
- Microfilament Proteins/metabolism
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Muridae
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Mutation
- Polymorphism, Genetic
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Sarcoma/metabolism
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Tissue Distribution
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mills
- Neurogenetics Research Unit, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
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15
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Heimann K, Percival JM, Weinberger R, Gunning P, Stow JL. Specific isoforms of actin-binding proteins on distinct populations of Golgi-derived vesicles. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:10743-50. [PMID: 10196146 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.16.10743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Golgi membranes and Golgi-derived vesicles are associated with multiple cytoskeletal proteins and motors, the diversity and distribution of which have not yet been defined. Carrier vesicles were separated from Golgi membranes, using an in vitro budding assay, and different populations of vesicles were separated using sucrose density gradients. Three main populations of vesicles labeled with beta-COP, gamma-adaptin, or p200/myosin II were separated and analyzed for the presence of actin/actin-binding proteins. beta-Actin was bound to Golgi cisternae and to all populations of newly budded vesicles. Centractin was selectively associated with vesicles co-distributing with beta-COP-vesicles, while p200/myosin II (non-muscle myosin IIA) and non-muscle myosin IIB were found on different vesicle populations. Isoforms of the Tm5 tropomyosins were found on selected Golgi-derived vesicles, while other Tm isoforms did not colocalize with Tm5 indicating the association of specialized actin filaments with Golgi-derived vesicles. Golgi-derived vesicles were shown to bind to F-actin polymerized from cytosol with Jasplakinolide. Thus, newly budded, coated vesicles derived from Golgi membranes can bind to actin and are customized for differential interactions with microfilaments by the presence of selective arrays of actin-binding proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Heimann
- Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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16
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Abstract
The generation of isoforms via gene duplication and alternative splicing has been a valuable evolutionary tool for the creation of biological diversity. In addition to the formation of molecules with related but different functional characteristics, it is now apparent that isoforms can be segregated into different intracellular sites within the same cell. Sorting has been observed in a wide range of genes, including those encoding structural molecules, receptors, channels, enzymes, and signaling molecules. This results in the creation of intracellular compartments that (a) can be independently controlled and (b) have different functional properties. The sorting mechanisms are likely to operate at the level of both proteins and mRNAs. Isoform sorting may be an important consequence of the evolution of isoforms and is likely to have contributed to the diversity of functional properties within groups of isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gunning
- Oncology Research Unit, New Children's Hospital, Parramatta, NSW, Australia.
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17
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Abstract
Actin microfilaments play a direct role in a variety of cell processes. Distinct populations of microfilaments are associated with different cellular compartments, such as growth cones, filipodia, stress fibers, and lamellipodia. It is becoming clear that these different populations are often composed of different isoforms of the two core microfilament components, actin and tropomyosin. This is particularly true in neurons, where actin and tropomyosin isoforms are segregated into different intracellular compartments which correspond to functionally distinct regions of the neuron. Developmental regulation of this isoform sorting suggests a specific role for some isoforms in growth and for others in stabilization of neuronal structure. This provides a mechanism by which a neuron can create and independently regulate intracellular domains composed of microfilaments with different functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gunning
- Oncology Research Unit, New Children's Hospital, Parramatta, New South Wales, Australia.
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18
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Abstract
Planetary nebulae are one of the few classes of celestial objects that are active in every part of the electromagnetic spectrum. These fluorescing and often dusty expanding gaseous envelopes were recently found to be quite complex in their dynamics and morphology, but refined theoretical models can account for these discoveries. Great progress was also made in understanding the mechanisms that shape the nebulae and the spectra of their central stars. In addition, applications for planetary nebulae have been worked out; for example, they have been used as standard candles for long-range distances and as tracers of the enigmatic dark matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Weinberger
- Institut für Astronomie der Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25/8, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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19
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Abstract
The major components of the actin microfilament system, actin and tropomyosin (Tm), are encoded by multigene families. There are at least 6 actin and over 20 Tm isoforms in mammals. The observation that isoforms are expressed in a tissue-specific manner has encouraged the hypothesis that they contribute to the formation of cell type-specific structures. Recent studies have indicated that certain specific isoforms do play unique structural roles. One nonmuscle actin isoform, beta, is implicated in the regulation of cell spreading and membrane organisation. The intracellular location of beta-actin mRNA has been shown to be regulated by growth factor stimulation of signal transduction pathways. Actin isoforms have also been shown to differ in their contractile properties in both muscle and non-muscle cells. Tropomyosins have been found to show isoform specific regulation in response to cell transformation. This has correlated with the view that some isoforms of tropomyosin promote filament stability whereas others are associated with more dynamic structures. Neuronal development and maturation are accompanied by dynamic spatial sorting of tropomyosin isoforms into different cellular compartments. It is now apparent that isoforms of these proteins perform different structural tasks. The challenge is now to link the significance of spatial sorting to the different physicochemical properties of these isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gunning
- Cell Biology Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Wentworthville, NSW, Australia
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20
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Weinberger R, Schevzov G, Jeffrey P, Gordon K, Hill M, Gunning P. The molecular composition of neuronal microfilaments is spatially and temporally regulated. J Neurosci 1996; 16:238-52. [PMID: 8613790 PMCID: PMC6578702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The actin-based microfilament system is thought to play a critical role in neuronal development. We have determined specific changes in the composition of microfilaments accompanying neuronal morphogenesis. By using specific antibodies against the isoforms for tropomyosin (Tm) (Tm-5 and TmBr-1/-3) and actin (beta- and gamma-actin), we found that during early morphogenesis in vivo immature growing axons contain beta- and gamma-actin and Tm-5. In particular, Tm-5 is exclusively located in the immature axonal processes relative to the neuronal cell body. In contrast, beta-actin and Tm-5 are absent in mature, quiescent axons. This developmental loss from axons is associated with an approximately twofold downregulation of beta-actin and Tm-5 levels in the brain; gamma-actin levels do not change, and this molecule is widely distributed throughout neurons during development. The loss of beta-actin and Tm-5 from axons is accompanied by a progressive appearance of TmBr-1/-3. This apparent replacement of Tm-5 with TmBr-1/-3 occurs over a 2 d time period during rat embryonic hindbrain development and is conserved in evolution between birds and mammals. The loss of Tm-5 from axons involves a redistribution of this molecule to the cell soma and dendrites. These findings suggest that specialized microfilament domains are associated with the development and maintenance of neuronal polarity. We conclude that these Tm isoforms and beta-actin are subject to specific patterns of segregation associated with axonal development and neuronal differentiation. This provides a potential molecular basis for the temporal and spatial specificity of microfilament function during neuronal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Weinberger
- Developmental Neurobiology Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Wentworthville, New South Wales, Australia
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21
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Tews G, Weinberger R, Hartl J, Sadoghi H, Tulzer G, Arzt W. [Prostaglandin instillation versus tubotomy. Results of a prospective study]. Gynakol Geburtshilfliche Rundsch 1994; 34:54-5. [PMID: 7517243 DOI: 10.1159/000272673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G Tews
- Landesfrauenklinik, Linz, Osterreich
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22
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Abstract
1. Psychological or physiological stressors cause changes within the body through the action of the hypothalamus. 2. There are several techniques for stress management, including progressive muscle relaxation and guided imagery. 3. The nurse can teach stress management techniques to the elderly using teaching modifications to respond to changes due to aging. 4. The nurse can teach stress management in various settings to clients who have a nursing diagnosis such as anxiety, alteration in comfort, or sleep pattern disturbance.
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23
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24
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Fell AF, Castledine JB, Sellberg B, Modin R, Weinberger R. Post-column continuous-flow analysis combined with reversed-phase liquid chromatography and computer-aided detection for the characterisation of peptides. J Chromatogr A 1990; 535:33-9. [PMID: 2089063 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)88933-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Peptide mapping is a key technique for structural identification of new proteins or the products of recombinant gene technology. The recognition of oligopeptides, separated by reversed-phase liquid chromatography, is limited by the conventional reliance on the correlation of retention times with standards, supported by dual-wavelength chromatograms. It has been reported that the recognition of phenolic compounds can be achieved by a novel technique, based on computer-aided photodiode-array detection of the pH-shifted solutes after post-column continuous-flow analysis. This work describes how the generation of the pH-shifted difference spectra for dipeptides, containing a tyrosyl residue, may be used to enhance peak recognition, when used in conjunction with absorbance ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Fell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford, U.K
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25
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Abstract
Urinary porphyrins are separated in a 72 cm x 50 microns I.D. fused-silica capillary by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography with 100 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate and 20 mM 3-(cyclohexylamino)-1-propanesulfonic acid at pH 11. Detection is accomplished by absorbance at 400 nm or fluorescence with excitation at 400 nm and emission at wavelengths above 550 nm. Substantial trace enrichment is found for porphyrins in urine samples or for porphyrin standards prepared without surfactant in the injection buffer. Limits of detection are in the 100 pmol/ml concentration range with an optimized fluorescence system. The method is shown suitable for the determination of porphyrins in clinical urine specimens. Comparisons are made between electrophoretic and chromatographic methods for the separation and detection of urinary porphyrins.
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26
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Posluszny JV, Weinberger R, Woolf E. Optimization of multidimensional high-performance liquid chromatography for the determination of drugs in plasma by direct injection, micellar cleanup and photodiode array detection. J Chromatogr A 1990; 507:267-76. [PMID: 2380297 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)84204-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Improvements in a multidimensional liquid chromatography system for the direct determination of drug substances in blood plasma are reported. The system employs an on-line micellar chromatographic cleanup followed by a reversed-phase analytical separation. The limit of detection of propranolol is improved by a factor 10 compared to previously reported work. The technique is applied towards the determination of a multicomponent mixture of tricyclic anti-depressants in blood plasma. A protocol for optimization is described.
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27
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Patel BM, Moye HA, Weinberger R. Ultraviolet Photolysis and Ortho-Phthalaldehyde-Mercaptoethanol Derivatization of Pharmaceuticals for Enhanced Fluorescence Detection in HPLC. ANAL LETT 1989. [DOI: 10.1080/00032718908052416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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28
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Grobovschek M, Geretsegger C, Weinberger R, Fartacek R. [Computed tomography and the clinical picture of suicidal CO poisoning]. Rontgenblatter 1988; 41:497-503. [PMID: 3062751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cranial CT is important to exclude the presence of a mass in the cavum cranii in case of an unclear suicide attempt, particularly a traumatic mass. It can be helpful also in cases of carbon monoxide intoxications.
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29
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Posluszny JV, Weinberger R. Determination of drug substances in biological fluids by direct injection multidimensional liquid chromatography with a micellar cleanup and reversed-phase chromatography. Anal Chem 1988; 60:1953-8. [PMID: 3228198 DOI: 10.1021/ac00169a023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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30
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Femia RA, Weinberger R. Determination of reducing and non-reducing carbohydrates in food products by liquid chromatography with post-column catalytic hydrolysis and derivatization. Comparison with refractive index detection. J Chromatogr A 1987; 402:127-34. [PMID: 3654860 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(87)80011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Post-column catalytic hydrolysis combined with 4-aminobenzoic acid hydrazide derivatization is employed for the determination of both reducing and non-reducing carbohydrates in a variety of complex sample matrices such as dairy products, processed foods and tobaccos. Comparison with refractive index detection shows the post-column method to be superior from the standpoint of selectivity, sensitivity and simplicity of sample preparation. Limits of detection are in the low-nanogram range. Quantitative results are presented for the determination of sugars in potato extracts. The method is also applicable for the separation and detection of carbohydrate oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Femia
- ABI Analytical, Kratos Division, Ramsey, NJ 07446
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31
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Koziol T, Grayeski ML, Weinberger R. Determination of trace levels of steroids in blood plasma by liquid chromatography with peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence detection. J Chromatogr A 1984; 317:355-66. [PMID: 6530443 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)91675-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A highly sensitive and specific liquid chromatographic procedure with peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence detection has been developed for the determination of fluocortin butyl, a 3 alpha-ketocorticosteroid, in blood plasma. The technique employs dansylation of the steroid to provide a highly chemiluminescent derivative. After separation by reversed-phase liquid chromatography, reagents necessary for chemiluminescence are added, followed by detection in a conventional fluorimetric detector in which the excitation source is deactivated. The precision is 2.5% relative standard deviation at the 10 ng/ml level, and the response is linear up to at least 4 ng injected steroid. The procedure requires only 1 ml blood plasma and has a limit of detection of 100 pg/ml or 7.5 pg injected steroid. The system is reliably used for routine pharmacokinetic studies and with modifications, is applicable to other steroids as well.
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Weinberger R, Mannan C, Cerchio M, Grayeski M. Noise and background in peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence detection for liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)93720-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Weinberger R, Mann B, Posluszny J. High-pressure liquid chromatographic analysis of pramoxine hydrochloride in high lipoid aerosol foam dosage form. J Pharm Sci 1980; 69:475-7. [PMID: 7373553 DOI: 10.1002/jps.2600690433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A rapid and quantitative method for the determination of pramoxine hydrochloride by high-pressure liquid chromatography is presented. The drug is extracted as the salt from a preparation with a high lipoid composition by partitioning it to the aqueous phase of an ether-methanol-water-acetic acid system. The extract is chromatographed on an octadecylsilane bonded packing with a methanol-water-acetic acid-methanesulfonic acid mobile phase. The time required for each separation is approximately 6 min. Analytical recoveries of 100.4 +/- 1.5% were obtained.
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