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Korover N, Etzion S, Cherniak A, Rabinski T, Levitas A, Etzion Y, Ofir R, Parvari R, Cohen S. Functional defects in hiPSCs-derived cardiomyocytes from patients with a PLEKHM2-mutation associated with dilated cardiomyopathy and left ventricular non-compaction. Biol Res 2023; 56:34. [PMID: 37349842 PMCID: PMC10288792 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-023-00442-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a primary myocardial disease, leading to heart failure and excessive risk of sudden cardiac death with rather poorly understood pathophysiology. In 2015, Parvari's group identified a recessive mutation in the autophagy regulator, PLEKHM2 gene, in a family with severe recessive DCM and left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC). Fibroblasts isolated from these patients exhibited abnormal subcellular distribution of endosomes, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes and had impaired autophagy flux. To better understand the effect of mutated PLEKHM2 on cardiac tissue, we generated and characterized induced pluripotent stem cells-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) from two patients and a healthy control from the same family. The patient iPSC-CMs showed low expression levels of genes encoding for contractile functional proteins (α and β-myosin heavy chains and 2v and 2a-myosin light chains), structural proteins integral to heart contraction (Troponin C, T and I) and proteins participating in Ca2+ pumping action (SERCA2 and Calsequestrin 2) compared to their levels in control iPSC-derived CMs. Furthermore, the sarcomeres of the patient iPSC-CMs were less oriented and aligned compared to control cells and generated slowly beating foci with lower intracellular calcium amplitude and abnormal calcium transient kinetics, measured by IonOptix system and MuscleMotion software. Autophagy in patient's iPSC-CMs was impaired as determined from a decrease in the accumulation of autophagosomes in response to chloroquine and rapamycin treatment, compared to control iPSC-CMs. Impairment in autophagy together with the deficiency in the expression of NKX2.5, MHC, MLC, Troponins and CASQ2 genes, which are related to contraction-relaxation coupling and intracellular Ca2+ signaling, may contribute to the defective function of the patient CMs and possibly affect cell maturation and cardiac failure with time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataly Korover
- Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
| | - Sharon Etzion
- Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Alexander Cherniak
- Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Tatiana Rabinski
- Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Aviva Levitas
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Yoram Etzion
- Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Rivka Ofir
- Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Dead Sea & Arava Science Center, 8691000, Masada, Israel
| | - Ruti Parvari
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Smadar Cohen
- Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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Levitas A, Aspit L, Lowenthal N, Shaki D, Krymko H, Slanovic L, Yagev R, Parvari R. A Novel Mutation in the ADAMTS10 Associated with Weil-Marchesani Syndrome with a Unique Presentation of Developed Membranes Causing Severe Stenosis of the Supra Pulmonic, Supramitral, and Subaortic Areas in the Heart. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8864. [PMID: 37240210 PMCID: PMC10219133 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS) is a rare genetic inherited disorder with autosomal recessive and dominant modes of inheritance. WMS is characterized by the association of short stature, brachydactyly, joint stiffness, eye anomalies, including microspherophakia and ectopia of the lenses, and, occasionally, heart defects. We investigated the genetic cause of a unique and novel presentation of heart-developed membranes in the supra-pulmonic, supramitral, and subaortic areas, creating stenosis that recurred after their surgical resection in four patients from one extended consanguineous family. The patients also presented ocular findings consistent with Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS). We used whole exome sequencing (WES) to identify the causative mutation and report it as a homozygous nucleotide change c. 232T>C causing p. Tyr78His in ADAMTS10. ADAMTS10 (ADAM Metallopeptidase with Thrombospondin Type 1 Motif 10) is a member of a family of zinc-dependent extracellular matrix protease family. This is the first report of a mutation in the pro-domain of ADAMTS10. The novel variation replaces a highly evolutionary conserved tyrosine with histidine. This change may affect the secretion or function of ADAMTS10 in the extracellular matrix. The compromise in protease activity may thus cause the unique presentation of the developed membranes in the heart and their recurrence after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviva Levitas
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel; (A.L.); (H.K.); (L.S.)
| | - Liam Aspit
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel;
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Neta Lowenthal
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel; (N.L.); (D.S.)
| | - David Shaki
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel; (N.L.); (D.S.)
| | - Hanna Krymko
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel; (A.L.); (H.K.); (L.S.)
| | - Leonel Slanovic
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel; (A.L.); (H.K.); (L.S.)
| | - Ronit Yagev
- Ophthalmology Department, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel;
| | - Ruti Parvari
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel;
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
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Majdalani P, Yoel U, Nasasra T, Fraenkel M, Haim A, Loewenthal N, Zarivach R, Hershkovitz E, Parvari R. Novel Susceptibility Genes Drive Familial Non-Medullary Thyroid Cancer in a Large Consanguineous Kindred. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098233. [PMID: 37175943 PMCID: PMC10179265 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial non-medullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC) is a well-differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) of follicular cell origin in two or more first-degree relatives. Patients typically demonstrate an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern with incomplete penetrance. While known genes and chromosomal loci account for some FNMTC, the molecular basis for most FNMTC remains elusive. To identify the variation(s) causing FNMTC in an extended consanguineous family consisting of 16 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cases, we performed whole exome sequence (WES) analysis of six family patients. We demonstrated an association of ARHGEF28, FBXW10, and SLC47A1 genes with FNMTC. The variations in these genes may affect the structures of their encoded proteins and, thus, their function. The most promising causative gene is ARHGEF28, which has high expression in the thyroid, and its protein-protein interactions (PPIs) suggest predisposition of PTC through ARHGEF28-SQSTM1-TP53 or ARHGEF28-PTCSC2-FOXE1-TP53 associations. Using DNA from a patient's thyroid malignant tissue, we analyzed the possible cooperation of somatic variations with these genes. We revealed two somatic heterozygote variations in XRCC1 and HRAS genes known to implicate thyroid cancer. Thus, the predisposition by the germline variations and a second hit by somatic variations could lead to the progression to PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Majdalani
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Uri Yoel
- Endocrinology Unit, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Tayseer Nasasra
- Internal Medicine A, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Merav Fraenkel
- Endocrinology Unit, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Alon Haim
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Neta Loewenthal
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Raz Zarivach
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Eli Hershkovitz
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Ruti Parvari
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
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Majdalani P, Levitas A, Krymko H, Slanovic L, Braiman A, Hadad U, Dabsan S, Horev A, Zarivach R, Parvari R. A Missense Variation in PHACTR2 Associates with Impaired Actin Dynamics, Dilated Cardiomyopathy, and Left Ventricular Non-Compaction in Humans. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021388. [PMID: 36674904 PMCID: PMC9864900 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) with left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) is a primary myocardial disease leading to contractile dysfunction, progressive heart failure, and excessive risk of sudden cardiac death. Using whole-exome sequencing to investigate a possible genetic cause of DCM with LVNC in a consanguineous child, a homozygous nucleotide change c.1532G>A causing p.Arg511His in PHACTR2 was found. The missense change can affect the binding of PHACTR2 to actin by eliminating the hydrogen bonds between them. The amino acid change does not change PHACTR2 localization to the cytoplasm. The patient’s fibroblasts showed a decreased globular to fibrillary actin ratio compared to the control fibroblasts. The re-polymerization of fibrillary actin after treatment with cytochalasin D, which disrupts the actin filaments, was slower in the patient’s fibroblasts. Finally, the patient’s fibroblasts bridged a scar gap slower than the control fibroblasts because of slower and indirect movement. This is the first report of a human variation in this PHACTR family member. The knock-out mouse model presented no significant phenotype. Our data underscore the importance of PHACTR2 in regulating the monomeric actin pool, the kinetics of actin polymerization, and cell movement, emphasizing the importance of actin regulation for the normal function of the human heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Majdalani
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Marcus Campus, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Aviva Levitas
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Hanna Krymko
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Leonel Slanovic
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Alex Braiman
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Uzi Hadad
- The Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Marcus Campus, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Salam Dabsan
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Marcus Campus, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Amir Horev
- Pediatric Dermatology Service, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Raz Zarivach
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Marcus Campus, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Ruti Parvari
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Marcus Campus, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-8-647-9967
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Elsana B, Imtirat A, Yagev R, Gradstein L, Majdalani P, Iny O, Parvari R, Tsumi E. Ocular manifestations among patients with congenital insensitivity to pain due to variants in PRDM12 and SCN9A genes. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:3463-3468. [PMID: 36111846 PMCID: PMC9825954 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Congenital insensitivity to pain (CIP) is a group of rare genetic disorders with a common characteristic of absent sensation to nociceptive pain. Here we present a series of six patients; three had a novel variant in the PRDM12 gene (group A), and three had a missense variant in the SCN9A gene (group B). We compared the ocular manifestations between the two groups. Records of these patients from 2009 through 2018 were reviewed. The retrieved data included demographics, genetic analysis results, ocular history and ophthalmic findings including visual acuity, corneal sensitivity, tear production, ocular surface findings, cycloplegic refraction, and fundoscopy. We found that patients with PRDM12 variant had more severe manifestations of ocular surface disease, with more prevalent corneal opacities and worse visual acuity, compared to patients with SCN9A variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baker Elsana
- Ophthalmology DepartmentSoroka University Medical Center and Clalit Health Services (Affiliated with the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben‐Gurion University of the Negev)Beer ShevaIsrael
| | - Ahed Imtirat
- Ophthalmology DepartmentSoroka University Medical Center and Clalit Health Services (Affiliated with the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben‐Gurion University of the Negev)Beer ShevaIsrael
| | - Ronit Yagev
- Ophthalmology DepartmentSoroka University Medical Center and Clalit Health Services (Affiliated with the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben‐Gurion University of the Negev)Beer ShevaIsrael
| | - Libe Gradstein
- Ophthalmology DepartmentSoroka University Medical Center and Clalit Health Services (Affiliated with the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben‐Gurion University of the Negev)Beer ShevaIsrael
| | - Pierre Majdalani
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, Faculty of Health SciencesBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐ShevaIsrael,The National Institute for Biotechnology in the NegevBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐ShevaIsrael
| | - Oren Iny
- Ophthalmology DepartmentSoroka University Medical Center and Clalit Health Services (Affiliated with the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben‐Gurion University of the Negev)Beer ShevaIsrael
| | - Ruti Parvari
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, Faculty of Health SciencesBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐ShevaIsrael,The National Institute for Biotechnology in the NegevBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐ShevaIsrael
| | - Erez Tsumi
- Ophthalmology DepartmentSoroka University Medical Center and Clalit Health Services (Affiliated with the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben‐Gurion University of the Negev)Beer ShevaIsrael
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Faingelernt Y, Hershkovitz E, Abu-Libdeh B, Abedrabbo A, Abu-Rmaileh Amro S, Zarivach R, Zangen D, Lavi E, Haim A, Parvari R, Abu-Libdeh A. Aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) deficiency among Palestinian infants: Three novel variants and genetic heterogeneity. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:1033-1038. [PMID: 33438832 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Aldosterone synthase deficiency (ASD) is a rare potentially life-threatening genetic disorder that usually presents during infancy due to pathogenic variants in the CYP11B2 gene. Knowledge about CYP11B2 variants in the Arab population is scarce. Here, we present and analyze five Palestinian patients and their different novel pathogenic variants. Data on clinical presentation, electrolytes, plasma renin activity, and steroid hormone levels of five patients diagnosed with ASD were summarized. Sequencing of the CYP11B2 gene exons was followed by evolutionary conservation analysis and structural modeling of the variants. All patients were from highly consanguineous Palestinian families. The patients presented at 1-4 months of age with recurrent vomiting, poor weight gain, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and low aldosterone levels. Genetic analysis of the CYP11B2 gene revealed three homozygous pathogenic variants: p.Ser344Profs*9, p.G452W in two patients from an extended family, and p.Q338stop. A previously described pathogenic variant was found in one patient: p.G288S. We described four different CYP11B2 gene pathogenic variants in a relatively small population. Our findings may contribute to the future early diagnosis and therapy for patients with ASD among Arab patients who present with failure to thrive and compatible electrolyte disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaniv Faingelernt
- Department of Pediatrics, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Eli Hershkovitz
- Department of Pediatrics, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Bassam Abu-Libdeh
- Department of Pediatrics, Makassed Hospital & Al-Quds Medical School, East Jerusalem, Palestine.,Genetics Department, Makassed Hospital & Al-Quds Medical School, East Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Amal Abedrabbo
- Department of Pediatrics, Makassed Hospital & Al-Quds Medical School, East Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Sara Abu-Rmaileh Amro
- Department of Pediatrics, Makassed Hospital & Al-Quds Medical School, East Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Raz Zarivach
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.,Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - David Zangen
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eran Lavi
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Alon Haim
- Department of Pediatrics, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ruti Parvari
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.,Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Abdulsalam Abu-Libdeh
- Department of Pediatrics, Makassed Hospital & Al-Quds Medical School, East Jerusalem, Palestine.,Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Aspit L, Arwas N, Levitas A, Krymko H, Etzion Y, Parvari R. Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and Early Onset Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy associated with Mutations in Dystrophin and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy-Associated Genes. J Pediatr Genet 2020; 11:304-308. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1718724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDuchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive muscular damage disorder caused by mutations in dystrophin gene. Cardiomyopathy may first be evident after 10 years of age and increases in incidence with age. We present a boy diagnosed at 18 months with a rare phenotype of DMD in association with early-onset hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). The cause of DMD is a deletion of exons 51–54 of dystrophin gene. The cause of HCM was verified by whole exome sequencing. Novel missense variations in two genes: MAP2K5 inherited from the mother and ACTN2 inherited from the father, or de novo. The combination of MAP2K5, ACTN2, and dystrophin mutations, could be causing the HCM in our patient. This is the second patient diagnosed, at relatively young age, with DMD and HCM, with novel variations in genes known to cause HCM. This study demonstrates the need for genetic diagnosis to elucidate the underlying pathology of HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Aspit
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Noga Arwas
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Aviva Levitas
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Hanna Krymko
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Yoram Etzion
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences and Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Ruti Parvari
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
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Arafat M, Harlev A, Har-Vardi I, Levitas E, Priel T, Gershoni M, Searby C, Sheffield VC, Lunenfeld E, Parvari R. Mutation in CATIP (C2orf62) causes oligoteratoasthenozoospermia by affecting actin dynamics. J Med Genet 2020; 58:jmedgenet-2019-106825. [PMID: 32503832 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2019-106825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oligoteratoasthenozoospermia (OTA) combines deteriorated quantity, morphology and motility of the sperm, resulting in male factor infertility. METHODS We used whole genome genotyping and exome sequencing to identify the mutation causing OTA in four men in a consanguineous Bedouin family. We expressed the normal and mutated proteins tagged with c-Myc at the carboxy termini by transfection with pCDNA3.1 plasmid constructs to evaluate the effects on protein stability in HEK293 cells and on the kinetics of actin repolymerisation in retinal pigment epithelium cells. Patients' sperm samples were visualised by transmission electron microscopy to determine axoneme structures and were stained with fluorescent phalloidin to visualise the fibrillar (F)-actin. RESULTS A homozygous missense mutation in Ciliogenesis Associated TTC17 Interacting Protein (CATIP): c. T103A, p. Phe35Ile, a gene encoding a protein important in actin organisation and ciliogenesis, was identified as the causative mutation with a LOD score of 3.25. The mutation reduces the protein stability compared with the normal protein. Furthermore, overexpression of the normal protein, but not the mutated protein, inhibits repolymerisation of actin after disruption with cytochalasin D. A high percentage of spermatozoa axonemes from patients have abnormalities, as well as disturbances in the distribution of F-actin. CONCLUSION This is the first report of a recessive mutation in CATIP in humans. The identified mutation may contribute to asthenozoospermia by its involvement in actin polymerisation and on the actin cytoskeleton. A mouse knockout homozygote for CATIP was reported to demonstrate male infertility as the sole phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maram Arafat
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Avi Harlev
- Fertility and IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Iris Har-Vardi
- Fertility and IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Eliahu Levitas
- Fertility and IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- The Center of Advanced Research and Education in Reproduction (CARER), Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Tsvia Priel
- Fertility and IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Moran Gershoni
- ARO- The Volcani Center, Institute of Animal Science, Rehovot - Faculty of Agriculture Bet Dagan, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Charles Searby
- Department of Pediatrics and Ophthalmology, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Val C Sheffield
- Department of Pediatrics and Ophthalmology, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Eitan Lunenfeld
- Fertility and IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- The Center of Advanced Research and Education in Reproduction (CARER), Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Ruti Parvari
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
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9
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Arafat M, Zeadna A, Levitas E, Har Vardi I, Samueli B, Shaco-Levy R, Dabsan S, Lunenfeld E, Huleihel M, Parvari R. Novel mutation in USP26 associated with azoospermia in a Sertoli cell-only syndrome patient. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1258. [PMID: 32410375 PMCID: PMC7336752 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ubiquitin‐Specific Peptidase 26 (USP26), located on the X chromosome, encodes a deubiquitinating enzyme expressed mainly in testis, where it regulates protein turnover during spermatogenesis and modulates the ubiquitination levels of the Androgen Receptor (AR), and as a consequence, affects AR signaling. Methods The patient was thoroughly characterized clinically. He was genetically tested by chromosome analysis and whole exome sequencing (WES). Results The patient was diagnosed with Sertoli cell‐only syndrome pattern (SCOS). The WES analysis revealed only the variation in USP26: causing p.P469S in a highly evolutionary conserved amino acid as the possible cause for SCOS. The literature search identified 34 single variations and 14 clusters of variations in USP26 that were associated with male infertility. Only one of the 22 variations and of one cluster of three mutations tested for ubiquitination activity was found as damaging. Only one out of six variations tested for effect on AR function was found as damaging. Thus, the association of USP26 with male fertility was questioned. Conclusions The finding in our patient and the discussion on the reviewed literature support a possible role for USP26 in male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maram Arafat
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Atif Zeadna
- Fertility and IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,The Center of Advanced Research and Education in Reproduction (CARER), Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Eliahu Levitas
- Fertility and IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,The Center of Advanced Research and Education in Reproduction (CARER), Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Iris Har Vardi
- Fertility and IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,The Center of Advanced Research and Education in Reproduction (CARER), Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Benzion Samueli
- Department of Pathology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ruth Shaco-Levy
- Department of Pathology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Salam Dabsan
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Eitan Lunenfeld
- Fertility and IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,The Center of Advanced Research and Education in Reproduction (CARER), Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Mahmoud Huleihel
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,The Center of Advanced Research and Education in Reproduction (CARER), Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ruti Parvari
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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10
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Pikovsky O, Arafat M, Ovadia H, Sharoni Y, Al-Athamen K, Kanengisser-Pines B, Keren-Politansky A, Levi I, Erez O, Parvari R, Rabinovich A. Congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in a large cohort of patients carrying a novel mutation in ADAMTS13 gene. Thromb Res 2020; 185:167-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Parvari R, Lei KJ, Szonyi L, Narkis G, Moses S, Chou JY. Two New Mutations in the Glucose-6-Phosphatase Gene Cause Glycogen Storage Disease in Hungarian Patients. Eur J Hum Genet 2019. [DOI: 10.1159/000484762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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12
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Parvari R, Moses S, Shen J, Hershkovitz E, Lerner A, Chen YT. A Single-Base Deletion in the 3'-Coding Region of Glycogen-Debranching Enzyme Is Prevalent in Glycogen Storage Disease Type IIIA in a Population of North African Jewish Patients. Eur J Hum Genet 2019. [DOI: 10.1159/000484776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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13
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Aspit L, Levitas A, Etzion S, Krymko H, Slanovic L, Zarivach R, Etzion Y, Parvari R. CAP2 mutation leads to impaired actin dynamics and associates with supraventricular tachycardia and dilated cardiomyopathy. J Med Genet 2018; 56:228-235. [DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2018-105498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundDilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a primary myocardial disease leading to contractile dysfunction, progressive heart failure and excessive risk of sudden cardiac death. Around half of DCM cases are idiopathic, and genetic factors seem to play an important role.AimWe investigated a possible genetic cause of DCM in two consanguineous children from a Bedouin family.Methods and resultsUsing exome sequencing and searching for rare homozygous variations, we identified a nucleotide change in the donor splice consensus sequence of exon 7 in CAP2 as the causative mutation. Using patient-derived fibroblasts, we demonstrated that the mutation causes skipping of exons 6 and 7. The resulting protein is missing 64 amino acids in its N-CAP domain that should prevent its correct folding. CAP2 protein level was markedly reduced without notable compensation by the homolog CAP1. However, β-actin mRNA was elevated as demonstrated by real-time qPCR. In agreement with the essential role of CAP2 in actin filament polymerization, we demonstrate that the mutation affects the kinetics of repolymerization of actin in patient fibroblasts.ConclusionsThis is the first report of a recessive deleterious mutation in CAP2 and its association with DCM in humans. The clinical phenotype recapitulates the damaging effects on the heart observed in Cap2 knockout mice including DCM and cardiac conduction disease, but not the other effects on growth, viability, wound healing and eye development. Our data underscore the importance of the proper kinetics of actin polymerization for normal function of the human heart.
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14
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Segal L, Etzion S, Elyagon S, Numa M, Livitas A, Muhammad E, Kapiloff M, Parvari R, Etzion Y. DOCK10 is vital for normal cardiac function under neurohormonal activation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Arafat M, Har-Vardi I, Harlev A, Levitas E, Zeadna A, Abofoul-Azab M, Dyomin V, Sheffield VC, Lunenfeld E, Huleihel M, Parvari R. Mutation in TDRD9 causes non-obstructive azoospermia in infertile men. J Med Genet 2017; 54:633-639. [PMID: 28536242 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2017-104514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Azoospermia is diagnosed when sperm cells are completely absent in the ejaculate even after centrifugation. It is identified in approximately 1% of all men and in 10%-20% of infertile males. Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is characterised by the absence of sperm due to either a Sertoli cell-only pattern, maturation arrest, hypospermatogenesis or mixed patterns. NOA is a severe form of male infertility, with limited treatment options and low fertility success rates. In the majority of patients, the cause for NOA is not known and mutations in only a few genes were shown to be causative. AIM We investigated the cause of maturation arrest in five azoospermic infertile men of a large consanguineous Bedouin family. METHODS AND RESULTS Using whole genome genotyping and exome sequencing we identified a 4 bp deletion frameshift mutation in TDRD9 as the causative mutation with a Lod Score of 3.42. We demonstrate that the mutation results in a frameshift as well as exon skipping. Immunofluorescent staining with anti-TDRD9 antibody directed towards the N terminus demonstrated the presence of the protein in testicular biopsies of patients with an intracellular distribution comparable to a control biopsy. The mutation does not cause female infertility. CONCLUSION This is the first report of a recessive deleterious mutation in TDRD9 in humans. The clinical phenotype recapitulates that observed in the Tdrd9 knockout mice where this gene was demonstrated to participate in long interspersed element-1 retrotransposon silencing. If this function is preserved in human, our data underscore the importance of maintaining DNA stability in the human male germ line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maram Arafat
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Iris Har-Vardi
- Fertility and IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Avi Harlev
- Fertility and IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Eliahu Levitas
- Fertility and IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,The Center of Advanced Research and Education in Reproduction (CARER), Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Atif Zeadna
- Fertility and IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,The Center of Advanced Research and Education in Reproduction (CARER), Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Maram Abofoul-Azab
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,The Center of Advanced Research and Education in Reproduction (CARER), Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Victor Dyomin
- The Center of Advanced Research and Education in Reproduction (CARER), Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,Institute of Pathology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Val C Sheffield
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA
| | - Eitan Lunenfeld
- Fertility and IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,The Center of Advanced Research and Education in Reproduction (CARER), Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Mahmoud Huleihel
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,The Center of Advanced Research and Education in Reproduction (CARER), Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ruti Parvari
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,The Center of Advanced Research and Education in Reproduction (CARER), Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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16
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Erez O, Menashe I, Parvari R, Staretz-Chacham O, Muglia LJ. 405: Phenotypic clustering of families with recurrent preterm deliveries. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2016.11.663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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17
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Reish O, Aspit L, Zouella A, Roth Y, Polak-Charcon S, Baboushkin T, Benyamini L, Scheetz TE, Mussaffi H, Sheffield VC, Parvari R. A Homozygous Nme7 Mutation Is Associated with Situs Inversus Totalis. Hum Mutat 2016; 37:727-31. [PMID: 27060491 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the cause of situs inversus totalis (SIT) in two siblings from a consanguineous family. Genotyping and whole-exome analysis revealed a homozygous change in NME7, resulting in deletion of an exon causing an in-frame deletion of 34 amino acids located in the second NDK domain of the protein and segregated with the defective lateralization in the family. NME7 is an important developmental gene, and NME7 protein is a component of the γ-tubulin ring complex. This mutation is predicted to affect the interaction of NME7 protein with this complex as it deletes the amino acids crucial for the binding. SIT associated with homozygous deletion in our patients is in line with Nme7(-/-) mutant mice phenotypes consisting of congenital hydrocephalus and SIT, indicating a novel human laterality patterning role for NME7. Further cases are required to elaborate the full human phenotype associated with NME7 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orit Reish
- Genetic Institute, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel.,The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Liam Aspit
- Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Arielle Zouella
- Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Yehudah Roth
- The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel
| | - Sylvie Polak-Charcon
- Department of Pathology, The Sheba Medical Center at Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Tatiana Baboushkin
- The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Pathology, The Sheba Medical Center at Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Lilach Benyamini
- Genetic Institute, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Todd E Scheetz
- Stephen A Wynn Institute for Vision Research and Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Huda Mussaffi
- The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Pediatric Pulmunology Institute, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Val C Sheffield
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Ruti Parvari
- Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.,National Institute of Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
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18
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Hong JH, Muhammad E, Zheng C, Hershkovitz E, Alkrinawi S, Loewenthal N, Parvari R, Muallem S. Essential role of carbonic anhydrase XII in secretory gland fluid and HCO3 (-) secretion revealed by disease causing human mutation. J Physiol 2015; 593:5299-312. [PMID: 26486891 DOI: 10.1113/jp271378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Fluid and HCO3 (-) secretion is essential for all epithelia; aberrant secretion is associated with several diseases. Carbonic anhydrase XII (CA12) is the key carbonic anhydrase in epithelial fluid and HCO3 (-) secretion and works by activating the ductal Cl(-) -HCO3 (-) exchanger AE2. Delivery of CA12 to salivary glands increases salivation in mice and of the human mutation CA12(E143K) markedly inhibits it. The human mutation CA12(E143K) causes disease due to aberrant CA12 glycosylation, and misfolding resulting in loss of AE2 activity. ABSTRACT Aberrant epithelial fluid and HCO3 (-) secretion is associated with many diseases. The activity of HCO3 (-) transporters depends of HCO3 (-) availability that is determined by carbonic anhydrases (CAs). Which CAs are essential for epithelial function is unknown. CA12 stands out since the CA12(E143K) mutation causes salt wasting in sweat and dehydration in humans. Here, we report that expression of CA12 and of CA12(E143K) in mice salivary glands respectively increased and prominently inhibited ductal fluid secretion and salivation in vivo. CA12 markedly increases the activity and is the major HCO3 (-) supplier of ductal Cl(-) -HCO3 (-) exchanger AE2, but not of NBCe1-B. The E143K mutation alters CA12 glycosylation at N28 and N80, resulting in retention of the basolateral CA12 in the ER. Knockdown of AE2 and of CA12 inhibited pancreatic and salivary gland ductal AE2 activity and fluid secretion. Accordingly, patients homozygous for the CA12(E143K) mutation have a dry mouth, dry tongue phenotype. These findings reveal an unsuspected prominent role of CA12 in epithelial function, explain the disease and call for caution in the use of CA12 inhibitors in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hee Hong
- Epithelial Signalling and Transport Section, Molecular Physiology and Therapeutics Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmeoro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 406-799, South Korea
| | - Emad Muhammad
- Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences and National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Changyu Zheng
- Epithelial Signalling and Transport Section, Molecular Physiology and Therapeutics Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Eli Hershkovitz
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Soroka Medical Centre and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Soliman Alkrinawi
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Soroka Medical Centre and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Neta Loewenthal
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Soroka Medical Centre and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Ruti Parvari
- Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences and National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Shmuel Muallem
- Epithelial Signalling and Transport Section, Molecular Physiology and Therapeutics Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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Muhammad E, Levitas A, Singh SR, Braiman A, Ofir R, Etzion S, Sheffield VC, Etzion Y, Carrier L, Parvari R. PLEKHM2 mutation leads to abnormal localization of lysosomes, impaired autophagy flux and associates with recessive dilated cardiomyopathy and left ventricular noncompaction. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:7227-40. [PMID: 26464484 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene mutations, mostly segregating with a dominant mode of inheritance, are important causes of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a disease characterized by enlarged ventricular dimensions, impaired cardiac function, heart failure and high risk of death. Another myocardial abnormality often linked to gene mutations is left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) characterized by a typical diffuse spongy appearance of the left ventricle. Here, we describe a large Bedouin family presenting with a severe recessive DCM and LVNC. Homozygosity mapping and exome sequencing identified a single gene variant that segregated as expected and was neither reported in databases nor in Bedouin population controls. The PLEKHM2 cDNA2156_2157delAG variant causes the frameshift p.Lys645AlafsTer12 and/or the skipping of exon 11 that results in deletion of 30 highly conserved amino acids. PLEKHM2 is known to interact with several Rabs and with kinesin-1, affecting endosomal trafficking. Accordingly, patients' primary fibroblasts exhibited abnormal subcellular distribution of endosomes marked by Rab5, Rab7 and Rab9, as well as the Golgi apparatus. In addition, lysosomes appeared to be concentrated in the perinuclear region, and autophagy flux was impaired. Transfection of wild-type PLEKHM2 cDNA into patient's fibroblasts corrected the subcellular distribution of the lysosomes, supporting the causal effect of PLEKHM2 mutation. PLEKHM2 joins LAMP-2 and BAG3 as a disease gene altering autophagy resulting in an isolated cardiac phenotype. The association of PLEKHM2 mutation with DCM and LVNC supports the importance of autophagy for normal cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad Muhammad
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Aviva Levitas
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Sonia R Singh
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alex Braiman
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Rivka Ofir
- Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Sharon Etzion
- Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Val C Sheffield
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics and Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Yoram Etzion
- Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel and
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ruti Parvari
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel, National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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Hershkovitz E, Arafat M, Loewenthal N, Haim A, Parvari R. Combined adrenal failure and testicular adrenal rest tumor in a patient with nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase deficiency. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2015; 28:1187-90. [PMID: 25879317 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2015-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT) enzyme is the main generator of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase in the mitochondrion. Mutations of the NNT gene have been recently implicated in familial glucocorticoid deficiency. We describe the long-term clinical course of a NNT-deficient 20-year-old patient with combined adrenal failure who had developed a testicular adrenal rest tumor and precocious puberty. METHODS The patient's medical records were reviewed. Whole-exome sequencing was performed on DNA obtained from the patient and family members. RESULTS The patient experienced Addisonian crisis at 10 months of age. Enlarged testicular volume and precocious puberty, accompanied by increased testosterone levels, were noted at 6 years. Testicular biopsy revealed a adrenal rest tumor, which regressed after intensification of glucocorticoid treatment. Genetic studies disclosed a c.1163A>C, p.Tyr388Ser substitution on the NNT gene. This mutation is predicted to be damaging to NNT function. CONCLUSION We demonstrated for the first time that the clinical spectrum of NNT deficiency may consist of mineralocorticoid deficiency and testicular involvement as well.
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Loewenthal N, Haim A, Parvari R, Hershkovitz E. Phosphoglucomutase-1 deficiency: Intrafamilial clinical variability and common secondary adrenal insufficiency. Am J Med Genet A 2015; 167A:3139-43. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neta Loewenthal
- Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes Unit; Soroka Medical University Center Faculty of Health Sciences; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer Sheva Israel
| | - Alon Haim
- Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes Unit; Soroka Medical University Center Faculty of Health Sciences; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer Sheva Israel
| | - Ruti Parvari
- Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology; Immunology and Genetics; Faculty of Health Sciences; National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer Sheva Israel
| | - Eli Hershkovitz
- Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes Unit; Soroka Medical University Center Faculty of Health Sciences; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer Sheva Israel
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22
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Haziza S, Magnani R, Lan D, Keinan O, Saada A, Hershkovitz E, Yanay N, Cohen Y, Nevo Y, Houtz RL, Sheffield VC, Golan H, Parvari R. Calmodulin Methyltransferase Is Required for Growth, Muscle Strength, Somatosensory Development and Brain Function. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005388. [PMID: 26247364 PMCID: PMC4527749 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Calmodulin lysine methyl transferase (CaM KMT) is ubiquitously expressed and highly conserved from plants to vertebrates. CaM is frequently trimethylated at Lys-115, however, the role of CaM methylation in vertebrates has not been studied. CaM KMT was found to be homozygously deleted in the 2P21 deletion syndrome that includes 4 genes. These patients present with cystinuria, severe intellectual disabilities, hypotonia, mitochondrial disease and facial dysmorphism. Two siblings with deletion of three of the genes included in the 2P21 deletion syndrome presented with cystinuria, hypotonia, a mild/moderate mental retardation and a respiratory chain complex IV deficiency. To be able to attribute the functional significance of the methylation of CaM in the mouse and the contribution of CaM KMT to the clinical presentation of the 2p21deletion patients, we produced a mouse model lacking only CaM KMT with deletion borders as in the human 2p21deletion syndrome. No compensatory activity for CaM methylation was found. Impairment of complexes I and IV, and less significantly III, of the mitochondrial respiratory chain was more pronounced in the brain than in muscle. CaM KMT is essential for normal body growth and somatosensory development, as well as for the proper functioning of the adult mouse brain. Developmental delay was demonstrated for somatosensory function and for complex behavior, which involved both basal motor function and motivation. The mutant mice also had deficits in motor learning, complex coordination and learning of aversive stimuli. The mouse model contributes to the evaluation of the role of methylated CaM. CaM methylation appears to have a role in growth, muscle strength, somatosensory development and brain function. The current study has clinical implications for human patients. Patients presenting slow growth and muscle weakness that could result from a mitochondrial impairment and mental retardation should be considered for sequence analysis of the CaM KMT gene. Calmodulin (CaM) is a highly abundant, ubiquitous, small protein, which plays a major role in the transmission of calcium signals to target proteins in eukaryotes. Hundreds of CaM targets are known, and their respective cellular functions include signaling, metabolism, cytoskeletal regulation, and ion channel regulation, to name but a few. CaM is frequently modified after translation, including frequently trimethylation at a single amino acid, however, the role of this methylation is not known. Human patients with a homozygous deletion of the gene that methylates CaM, CaM-KMT, are known, but they also have a deletion of additional genes. Thus, to study the role of CaM–KMT, we produced a mouse model in which CaM-KMT is the only deleted gene, with the deletion constructed as in the human patients. The model proved to reveal the function of methylation of CaM, since CaM was found to be non-methylated and the methylation of CaM found to be important in growth, muscle strength, somatosensory development and brain function. The current study also has clinical implications for human patients. Patients presenting slow growth and muscle weakness that could result from a mitochondrial impairment and mental retardation should be considered for sequence analysis of the CaM KMT gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitvanit Haziza
- Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Roberta Magnani
- Department of Horticulture, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Dima Lan
- Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Omer Keinan
- Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Ann Saada
- Department of Genetic and Metabolic Diseases, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eli Hershkovitz
- Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism Unit, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Nurit Yanay
- Pediatric Neuromuscular Laboratory and Pediatric Neurology Unit Hadassah, Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yoram Cohen
- Pesticides and Mycotoxins Division, Aminolab, Weizmann Science Park, Ness Ziona, Israel
| | - Yoram Nevo
- Pediatric Neuromuscular Laboratory and Pediatric Neurology Unit Hadassah, Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
- Institute of Neurology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Robert L. Houtz
- Department of Horticulture, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Val C. Sheffield
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics and Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Hava Golan
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ruti Parvari
- Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- National Institute of Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- * E-mail:
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Feinstein Y, Yerushalmi B, Loewenthal N, Alkrinawi S, Birk OS, Parvari R, Hershkovitz E. Natural history and clinical manifestations of hyponatremia and hyperchlorhidrosis due to carbonic anhydrase XII deficiency. Horm Res Paediatr 2015; 81:336-42. [PMID: 24714577 DOI: 10.1159/000358327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We identified patients of Bedouin origin with a mutation in carbonic anhydrase XII (CA XII) leading to hyponatremia due to excessive salt loss via sweat. METHODS The medical records of patients were reviewed for clinical and laboratory data. RESULTS A total of 11 subjects were identified; 7 symptomatic patients presented with hyponatremic dehydration in infancy. Screening of the entire kindred identified 4 asymptomatic individuals with elevated sweat chloride. All symptomatic patients had failure to thrive and moderate-severe hyponatremia (106-124 mmol·l(-1)); 6 had hypochloremia (79-94 mmol·l(-1)). All asymptomatic subjects had normal or near-normal serum sodium and chloride concentrations. Both symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects had normal renal functions and normal cortisol response on low-dose ACTH test. All symptomatic patients were treated by dietary salt, which prevents episodes of hyponatremic dehydration and promotes growth. At follow-up, the chief complaints remained heat intolerance, accumulation of salt precipitates on the face and hyperhidrosis. No evidence for chronic renal, respiratory, gastrointestinal or fertility abnormalities was found. CONCLUSION Recognizing this newly described entity and differentiating it from cystic fibrosis and pseudohypoaldosteronism are important. Patients with CA XII mutations should be followed even after early childhood, especially in hot temperatures and intense physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Feinstein
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beer Sheva, Israel
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24
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Shorer Z, Wajsbrot E, Liran TH, Levy J, Parvari R. A novel mutation in SCN9A in a child with congenital insensitivity to pain. Pediatr Neurol 2014; 50:73-6. [PMID: 24188911 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2013.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2013] [Revised: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND [corrected] Congenital insensitivity to pain (CIP) is a rare condition in which patients have no pain perception and anosmia but are otherwise essentially normal (OMIM 243000). The recent discovery of the genetic defects underlying 3 monogenic pain disorders has provided additional and important insights about some components of human pain. Genetic studies in families demonstrating recessively inherited channelopathy-associated insensitivity to pain have identified nonsense mutations that result in truncation of the voltage-gated sodium channel type IX subunit (SCN9A), a 113.5-kb gene comprising coding 26 exons. Here we describe a patient with CIP with a new mutation in SCN9A not described yet. METHODS All exons were sequenced. RESULT All 26 coding exons were sequenced and two changes were identified in homozygosity in exon 10: c.1126 A > C causing K376Q and c.1124delG causing p.G375Afs* frame shift. CONCLUSION We report a novel, loss-of-function mutation in homozygosity that causes congenital insensitivity to pain and provide a comprehensive clinical description of the patient. This contributes to the clinical and neurophysiological characteristic of the sodium channel Nav1.7 channelopathy and expand our genetic knowledge which might provide more accurate and comprehensive clinical electrophysiological and genetic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zamir Shorer
- Department of Pediatrics, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel; Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
| | - Einav Wajsbrot
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel; National Institute of Biotechnology, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Tamir-Hostovsky Liran
- Department of Pediatrics, Edmond & Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Jacov Levy
- Department of Pediatrics, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel; Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Ruti Parvari
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel; National Institute of Biotechnology, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
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25
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Muhammad E, Reish O, Ohno Y, Scheetz T, Deluca A, Searby C, Regev M, Benyamini L, Fellig Y, Kihara A, Sheffield VC, Parvari R. Congenital myopathy is caused by mutation of HACD1. Hum Mol Genet 2013; 22:5229-36. [PMID: 23933735 PMCID: PMC3842179 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital myopathies are heterogeneous inherited diseases of muscle characterized by a range of distinctive histologic abnormalities. We have studied a consanguineous family with congenital myopathy. Genome-wide linkage analysis and whole-exome sequencing identified a homozygous non-sense mutation in 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase 1 (HACD1) in affected individuals. The mutation results in non-sense mediated decay of the HACD1 mRNA to 31% of control levels in patient muscle and completely abrogates the enzymatic activity of dehydration of 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA, the third step in the elongation of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs). We describe clinical findings correlated with a deleterious mutation in a gene not previously known to be associated with congenital myopathy in humans. We suggest that the mutation in the HACD1 gene causes a reduction in the synthesis of VLCFAs, which are components of membrane lipids and participants in physiological processes, leading to congenital myopathy. These data indicate that HACD1 is necessary for muscle function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad Muhammad
- Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences and
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26
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Mazor M, Alkrinawi S, Chalifa-Caspi V, Manor E, Sheffield V, Aviram M, Parvari R. Primary ciliary dyskinesia caused by homozygous mutation in DNAL1, encoding dynein light chain 1. Am J Hum Genet 2011; 88:599-607. [PMID: 21496787 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2011] [Revised: 03/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/23/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), genetic defects affecting motility of cilia and flagella cause chronic destructive airway disease, randomization of left-right body asymmetry, and, frequently, male infertility. The most frequent defects involve outer and inner dynein arms (ODAs and IDAs) that are large multiprotein complexes responsible for cilia-beat generation and regulation, respectively. Although it has long been suspected that mutations in DNAL1 encoding the ODA light chain1 might cause PCD such mutations were not found. We demonstrate here that a homozygous point mutation in this gene is associated with PCD with absent or markedly shortened ODA. The mutation (NM_031427.3: c.449A>G; p.Asn150Ser) changes the Asn at position150, which is critical for the proper tight turn between the β strand and the α helix of the leucine-rich repeat in the hydrophobic face that connects to the dynein heavy chain. The mutation reduces the stability of the axonemal dynein light chain 1 and damages its interactions with dynein heavy chain and with tubulin. This study adds another important component to understanding the types of mutations that cause PCD and provides clinical information regarding a specific mutation in a gene not yet known to be associated with PCD.
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27
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Amir EAD, Bartal O, Morad E, Nagar T, Sheynin J, Parvari R, Chalifa-Caspi V. KinSNP software for homozygosity mapping of disease genes using SNP microarrays. Hum Genomics 2011; 4:394-401. [PMID: 20846928 PMCID: PMC3525221 DOI: 10.1186/1479-7364-4-6-394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Consanguineous families affected with a recessive genetic disease caused by homozygotisation of a mutation offer a unique advantage for positional cloning of rare diseases. Homozygosity mapping of patient genotypes is a powerful technique for the identification of the genomic locus harbouring the causing mutation. This strategy relies on the observation that in these patients a large region spanning the disease locus is also homozygous with high probability. The high marker density in single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays is extremely advantageous for homozygosity mapping. We present KinSNP, a user-friendly software tool for homozygosity mapping using SNP arrays. The software searches for stretches of SNPs which are homozygous to the same allele in all ascertained sick individuals. User-specified parameters control the number of allowed genotyping 'errors' within homozygous blocks. Candidate disease regions are then reported in a detailed, coloured Excel file, along with genotypes of family members and healthy controls. An interactive genome browser has been included which shows homozygous blocks, individual genotypes, genes and further annotations along the chromosomes, with zooming and scrolling capabilities. The software has been used to identify the location of a mutated gene causing insensitivity to pain in a large Bedouin family. KinSNP is freely available from http://bioinfo.bgu.ac.il/bsu/software/kinSNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- El-Ad David Amir
- Department of Computer Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
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Muhammad E, Leventhal N, Parvari G, Hanukoglu A, Hanukoglu I, Chalifa-Caspi V, Feinstein Y, Weinbrand J, Jacoby H, Manor E, Nagar T, Beck JC, Sheffield VC, Hershkovitz E, Parvari R. Autosomal recessive hyponatremia due to isolated salt wasting in sweat associated with a mutation in the active site of Carbonic Anhydrase 12. Hum Genet 2010; 129:397-405. [PMID: 21184099 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-010-0930-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2010] [Accepted: 12/04/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Genetic disorders of excessive salt loss from sweat glands have been observed in pseudohypoaldosteronism type I (PHA) and cystic fibrosis that result from mutations in genes encoding epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) subunits and the transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), respectively. We identified a novel autosomal recessive form of isolated salt wasting in sweat, which leads to severe infantile hyponatremic dehydration. Three affected individuals from a small Bedouin clan presented with failure to thrive, hyponatremic dehydration and hyperkalemia with isolated sweat salt wasting. Using positional cloning, we identified the association of a Glu143Lys mutation in carbonic anhydrase 12 (CA12) with the disease. Carbonic anhydrase is a zinc metalloenzyme that catalyzes the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide to form a bicarbonate anion and a proton. Glu143 in CA12 is essential for zinc coordination in this metalloenzyme and lowering of the protein-metal affinity reduces its catalytic activity. This is the first presentation of an isolated loss of salt from sweat gland mimicking PHA, associated with a mutation in the CA12 gene not previously implicated in human disorders. Our data demonstrate the importance of bicarbonate anion and proton production on salt concentration in sweat and its significance for sodium homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad Muhammad
- Department of Virology and Developmental Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, 84105, Israel
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29
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Cox JJ, Sheynin J, Shorer Z, Reimann F, Nicholas AK, Zubovic L, Baralle M, Wraige E, Manor E, Levy J, Woods CG, Parvari R. Congenital insensitivity to pain: novel SCN9A missense and in-frame deletion mutations. Hum Mutat 2010; 31:E1670-86. [PMID: 20635406 PMCID: PMC2966863 DOI: 10.1002/humu.21325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
SCN9Aencodes the voltage-gated sodium channel Na(v)1.7, a protein highly expressed in pain-sensing neurons. Mutations in SCN9A cause three human pain disorders: bi-allelic loss of function mutations result in Channelopathy-associated Insensitivity to Pain (CIP), whereas activating mutations cause severe episodic pain in Paroxysmal Extreme Pain Disorder (PEPD) and Primary Erythermalgia (PE). To date, all mutations in SCN9A that cause a complete inability to experience pain are protein truncating and presumably lead to no protein being produced. Here, we describe the identification and functional characterization of two novel non-truncating mutations in families with CIP: a homozygously-inherited missense mutation found in a consanguineous Israeli Bedouin family (Na(v)1.7-R896Q) and a five amino acid in-frame deletion found in a sporadic compound heterozygote (Na(v)1.7-DeltaR1370-L1374). Both of these mutations map to the pore region of the Na(v)1.7 sodium channel. Using transient transfection of PC12 cells we found a significant reduction in membrane localization of the mutant protein compared to the wild type. Furthermore, voltage clamp experiments of mutant-transfected HEK293 cells show a complete loss of function of the sodium channel, consistent with the absence of pain phenotype. In summary, this study has identified critical amino acids needed for the normal subcellular localization and function of Na(v)1.7.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Cox
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, UK
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Levitas A, Muhammad E, Harel G, Saada A, Caspi VC, Manor E, Beck JC, Sheffield V, Parvari R. Familial neonatal isolated cardiomyopathy caused by a mutation in the flavoprotein subunit of succinate dehydrogenase. Eur J Hum Genet 2010; 18:1160-5. [PMID: 20551992 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2010.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyopathies are common disorders resulting in heart failure; the most frequent form is dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), which is characterized by dilatation of the left or both ventricles and impaired systolic function. DCM causes considerable morbidity and mortality, and is one of the major causes of sudden cardiac death. Although about one-third of patients are reported to have a genetic form of DCM, reported mutations explain only a minority of familial DCM. Moreover, the recessive neonatal isolated form of DCM has rarely been associated with a mutation. In this study, we present the association of a mutation in the SDHA gene with recessive neonatal isolated DCM in 15 patients of two large consanguineous Bedouin families. The cardiomyopathy is presumably caused by the significant tissue-specific reduction in SDH enzymatic activity in the heart muscle, whereas substantial activity is retained in the skeletal muscle and lymphoblastoid cells. Notably, the same mutation was previously reported to cause a multisystemic failure leading to neonatal death and Leigh's syndrome. This study contributes to the molecular characterization of a severe form of neonatal cardiomyopathy and highlights extreme phenotypic variability resulting from a specific missense mutation in a nuclear gene encoding a protein of the mitochondrial respiratory chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviva Levitas
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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31
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Voloshin O, Gocheva Y, Gutnick M, Movshovich N, Bakhrat A, Baranes-Bachar K, Bar-Zvi D, Parvari R, Gheber L, Raveh D. Tubulin chaperone E binds microtubules and proteasomes and protects against misfolded protein stress. Cell Mol Life Sci 2010; 67:2025-38. [DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0308-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2009] [Revised: 01/10/2010] [Accepted: 02/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Broides A, Shubinsky G, Parvari R, Grimbacher B, Somech R, Garty BZ, Levy J. MHC class 2 deficiency and X-linked agammaglobulinaemia in a consanguineous extended family. Int J Immunogenet 2009; 36:223-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2009.00847.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Peleg R, Luba A, Eliakim A, Israeli-Shani L, Manor E, Birk R, Parvari R. McCune-Albright syndrome in a discordant monozygotic twin. Isr Med Assoc J 2009; 11:343-347. [PMID: 19697584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND McCune-Albright syndrome is a sporadic disorder characterized by polystotic fibrous dysplasia, pigmented patches of skin, and endocrinological abnormalities. OBJECTIVES To compare the genetic characteristics of the GNAS1 gene in a monozygotic pair of twins, one of whom was diagnosed with MAS while the other had no indication of the syndrome. METHODS We performed a molecular analysis of the GNAS1 gene in DNA extracted from peripheral blood cells and quantification of mRNA extracted from lymphoblastoid cells from both twins by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Monozygosity of the twins was confirmed by typing them to four highly polymorphic microsatellites. Molecular analysis of the GNAS1 gene extracted from both twins did not reveal the cause of this discordance. CONCLUSIONS It is possible that the exact molecular mechanism for the MAS discordance can only be determined by sampling affected tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roni Peleg
- Department of Family Medicine, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
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34
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Herishanu YO, Parvari R, Pollack Y, Shelef I, Marom B, Martino T, Cannella M, Squitieri F. Huntington disease in subjects from an Israeli Karaite community carrying alleles of intermediate and expanded CAG repeats in the HTT gene: Huntington disease or phenocopy? J Neurol Sci 2009; 277:143-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2008.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2008] [Revised: 10/01/2008] [Accepted: 11/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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35
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Hershkovitz E, Loewenthal N, Peretz A, Parvari R. Testicular Expressed Genes Are Missing in Familial X-Linked Kallmann Syndrome due to Two Large Different Deletions in Daughter’s X Chromosomes. Horm Res 2008; 69:276-83. [DOI: 10.1159/000114858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2007] [Accepted: 06/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Parvari R, Hershkovitz E. Chromosomal microdeletions and genes' functions: a cluster of chromosomal microdeletions and the deleted genes' functions. Eur J Hum Genet 2007; 15:997-8. [PMID: 17625506 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ruti Parvari
- Department of Developmental Genetics and Virology and the National Institute of Biotechnology Negev, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, PO box 653, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel.
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Landau D, Oved T, Geiger D, Abizov L, Shalev H, Parvari R. Familial steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome in Southern Israel: clinical and genetic observations. Pediatr Nephrol 2007; 22:661-9. [PMID: 17219184 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-006-0409-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2006] [Revised: 11/08/2006] [Accepted: 12/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Reports on genetically informative steroid-responsive (sensitive) idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) families are lacking. We studied an extended SSNS Bedouin (B) family with a high rate of consanguinity. The clinical presentation and steroid response of its 11 affected individuals were similar to those of sporadic SSNS (spontaneous remission towards puberty and minimal change disease by kidney biopsy). Genome-wide linkage analysis, using a 382 microsatellite-markers mapping set and additional markers adjacent to 80 candidate genes of the index family, did not support linkage to any chromosomal locus. Retrospective analysis of all additional children with SSNS treated by our institution in the past 20 years (n=96, 50% of them of Jewish origin) revealed another five non-related B families with 2-3 first-degree cousins affected with SSNS in each. The overall familial SSNS rate among the B population (excluding the index family) was 28%, compared with 4% among Jews (Js) (OR 1.8-64, P<0.005). There were more Bs with simple SSNS than there were Js (71% and 40%, respectively; OR 3.58, 95% CI 1.41-9.23, P<0.01). In summary, SSNS in this index family was not linked to any of the presently known chromosomal loci nor predicted to be caused by mutation in any one of a list of genes associated with nephrotic syndrome (NS). The presence of other B families affected by SSNS supports the role for susceptibility genes enrichment, exposing highly consanguineous populations to an increased incidence of SSNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Landau
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
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Abstract
The development of the parathyroid glands involves complex embryonic processes of cell-specific differentiation and migration of the glands from their sites of origin in the pharynx and pharyngeal pouches to their final positions along the ventral midline of the pharyngeal and upper thoracic region. The recognition of several distinct genetic forms of isolated and syndromic hypoparathyroidism led us to review the recent findings on the molecular mechanisms of the development of the parathyroid glands. Although far from being understood, a special emphasis was given to the possible role of tubulin chaperone E (TBCE), which was implicated in the pathogenesis of the hypopathyroidism, retardation and dysmorphism (HRD) syndrome. The novel finding that TBCE plays a critical role in the formation of the parathyroid opens a novel domain of research, not anticipated previously, into the complex process of parathyroid development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruti Parvari
- Department of Developmental Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences and National Institute for Biotechnology, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
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Tian G, Huang MC, Parvari R, Diaz GA, Cowan NJ. Cryptic out-of-frame translational initiation of TBCE rescues tubulin formation in compound heterozygous HRD. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:13491-6. [PMID: 16938882 PMCID: PMC1569190 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0602798103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are indispensable dynamic structures that contribute to many essential biological functions. Assembly of the native alpha/beta tubulin heterodimer, the subunit that polymerizes to form microtubules, requires the participation of several molecular chaperones, namely prefoldin, the cytosolic chaperonin CCT, and a series of five tubulin-specific chaperones termed cofactors A-E (TBCA-E). Among these, TBCC, TBCD, and TBCE are essential in higher eukaryotes; they function together as a multimolecular machine that assembles quasinative CCT-generated alpha- and beta-tubulin polypeptides into new heterodimers. Deletion and truncation mutations in the gene encoding TBCE have been shown to cause the rare autosomal recessive syndrome known as HRD, a devastating disorder characterized by congenital hypoparathyroidism, mental retardation, facial dysmorphism, and extreme growth failure. Here we identify cryptic translational initiation at each of three out-of-frame AUG codons upstream of the genetic lesion as a unique mechanism that rescues a mutant HRD allele by producing a functional TBCE protein. Our data explain how afflicted individuals, who would otherwise lack the capacity to make functional TBCE, can survive and point to a limiting capacity to fold tubulin heterodimers de novo as a contributing factor to disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoling Tian
- *Department of Biochemistry, New York University Medical Center, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016
| | - Melissa C. Huang
- Department of Human Genetics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave Levy Place, New York, NY 10029; and
| | - Ruti Parvari
- Department of Developmental Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - George A. Diaz
- Department of Human Genetics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave Levy Place, New York, NY 10029; and
- To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail:
or
| | - Nicholas J. Cowan
- *Department of Biochemistry, New York University Medical Center, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016
- To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail:
or
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Courtens W, Wuyts W, Poot M, Szuhai K, Wauters J, Reyniers E, Eleveld M, Diaz G, Nöthen MM, Parvari R. Hypoparathyroidism-retardation-dysmorphism syndrome in a girl: A new variant not caused by aTBCEmutation-clinical report and review. Am J Med Genet A 2006; 140:611-7. [PMID: 16470743 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.31122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hypoparathyroidism-retardation-dysmorphism (HRD) or Sanjad-Sakati syndrome (SSS) (OMIM 241410) is a rare autosomal recessive (AR) inherited condition, characterized by congenital hypoparathyroidism (hypoPTH), retardation, seizures, and a typical facial dysmorphism, consisting of prominent forehead, deep-set eyes, and abnormal external ears. This disorder has been mapped to the long arm of chromosome 1 (1q42-q43) and mutations in the gene coding for tubulin-specific chaperone E (TBCE) have been identified as the cause of the disease. Mutations in the same gene were also reported in patients with AR Kenny-Caffey syndrome (KCS). We report on a 41/2-year-old girl with congenital hypoPTH, seizures, developmental delay, and a facial dysmorphism, compatible with HRD syndrome. Mutation analyses revealed no mutations in the TBCE gene. In addition, normal TBCE protein and alpha-tubulin immunostaining were observed in a lymphoblastoid line derived from the patient, excluding the TBCE gene as the causative gene of the syndrome in this patient. A de novo microduplication of probe RP11-262I1 on 4q35 in the proposita was detected by microarray analyses, but this could not be confirmed by additional studies. We review and discuss the clinical findings of our case and those of the other reported cases with SSS and AR KCS. We conclude that a second gene locus for this disorder seems probable and that 4q35 needs further evaluation as a candidate region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winnie Courtens
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
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Szeltner Z, Alshafee I, Juhász T, Parvari R, Polgár L. The PREPL A protein, a new member of the prolyl oligopeptidase family, lacking catalytic activity. Cell Mol Life Sci 2005; 62:2376-81. [PMID: 16143824 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-005-5262-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The PREPL (previously called KIAA0436) gene encodes a putative serine peptidase from the prolyl oligopeptidase family. A chromosomal deletion involving the PREPL gene leads to a severe syndrome with multiple symptoms. Homology with oligopeptidase B suggested that the enzyme cleaves after an arginine or lysine residue. Several PREPL splice variants have been identified, and a 638-residue variant (PREPL A) was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified. Its secondary structure was similar to that of oligopeptidase B, but differential-scanning calorimetry indicated a higher conformational stability. Dimerization may account for the enhanced stability. Unexpectedly, the PREPL A protein did not cleave peptide substrates containing a P1 basic residue, but did slowly hydrolyse an activated ester substrate, and reacted with diisopropyl fluorophosphate. These results indicated that the catalytic serine is a reactive residue. However, the negligible hydrolytic activity suggests that the function of PREPL A is different from that of the other members of the prolyl oligopeptidase family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Szeltner
- Institute of Enzymology, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1518, Budapest 112, P.O. Box 7, Hungary
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Parvari R, Gonen Y, Alshafee I, Buriakovsky S, Regev K, Hershkovitz E. The 2p21 deletion syndrome: characterization of the transcription content. Genomics 2005; 86:195-211. [PMID: 15913950 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2005.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2004] [Revised: 04/05/2005] [Accepted: 04/06/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The vast majority of small-deletion syndromes are caused by haploinsufficiency of one or several genes and are transmitted as dominant traits. We have previously identified a homozygous deletion of 179,311 bp on chromosome 2p21 as the cause of a unique syndrome, inherited in a recessive mode, consisting of cystinuria, neonatal seizures, hypotonia, severe somatic and developmental delay, facial dysmorphism, and reduced activity of all the respiratory chain enzymatic complexes that are encoded in the mitochondria. We now present the transcription content of this region: Multiple splicing variants of the genes protein phosphatase 1B (formerly 2C) magnesium-dependent, beta isoform (PPM1B), SLC3A1, and KIAA0436 (approved gene symbol PREPL) were identified and their patterns of expression analyzed. The spliced variants are predicted to have additional functions compared to the known variants and their patterns of expression fit the tissues affected by the syndrome. The first exon of an additional gene (C2orf34) is encoded in the deleted region and the gene is not expressed in the patients. In addition several transcripts with very short open reading frames are also encoded in the deletion. The identification of all transcripts encoded in the region deleted in the patients is the first step in the study of the genotype-phenotype correlation of the 2p21 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruti Parvari
- Department of Developmental Molecular Genetics, Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel.
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Abstract
Hypoparathyroidism, retardation, and dysmorphism (HRD) is a newly recognized genetic syndrome, described in patients of Arab origin. The syndrome consists of permanent congenital hypoparathyroidism, severe prenatal and postnatal growth retardation, and profound global developmental delay. The patients are susceptible to severe infections including life-threatening pneumococcal infections especially during infancy. The main dysmorphic features are microcephaly, deep-set eyes or microphthalmia, ear abnormalities, depressed nasal bridge, thin upper lip, hooked small nose, micrognathia, and small hands and feet. A single 12-bp deletion (del52-55) in the second coding exon of the tubulin cofactor E (TCFE) gene, located on the long arm of chromosome 1, is the cause of HRD among Arab patients. Early recognition and therapy of hypocalcemia is important as is daily antibiotic prophylaxis against pneumococcal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli Hershkovitz
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit and Department of Developmental Molecular Genetics, Soroka Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
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Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is the main fetus serum glycoprotein with a very low concentration in the adult. AFP deficiency is a rare phenomenon. We studied two families with congenital AFP deficiency and searched for mutations in the AFP gene. We identified one mutation of 2 base deletion in exon 8, in both families, that leads to the congenital deficiency of AFP. The mutation nt930-931delCT (T294fs25X) creates a frameshift after codon 294 that leads to a stop codon after 24 amino acids, thus truncating the normal length of AFP of 609 amino acids. All the affected children were found to be homozygous for the mutation as was one of the fathers. The affected individuals were asymptomatic and presented normal development. This first identification of a mutation in the AFP gene demonstrates for the first time that deficiency of AFP is compatible with human normal fetal development and further reproduction in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reuven Sharony
- The Genetic Institute, Sapir Medical Center - Meir Hospital, Kfar Saba 44281, Israel
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Melamed I, Levy J, Parvari R, Gelfand EW. A Novel Lymphocyte Signaling Defect: trk A Mutation in the Syndrome of Congenital Insensitivity to Pain and Anhidrosis (CIPA). J Clin Immunol 2004; 24:441-8. [PMID: 15163901 DOI: 10.1023/b:joci.0000029106.84310.5e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis is a syndrome characterized by loss of pain and sensation. The condition frequently evolves into deep wounds and prolonged healing times. Anhidrosis is another prominent component of the disorder. Often associated with recurrent episodes of unexplained fever, it can result in patient mortality. Recent investigations point to Trk A, the high affinity receptor for nerve growth factor (NGF), as a candidate for the site of the mutation that causes the disorder. Functional NGF receptors, such as Trk A and the Trk family of tyrosine kinases, are essential for NGF signaling of human lymphocytes. In this study, we demonstrated that the presence of a trk A mutation in patient B cells results in a novel lymphocyte signaling defect. In these B cells, NGF failed to induce Trk A phosphorylation, cytoskeleton assembly, or MAP kinase activation. These abnormalities may explain some of the clinical features of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Melamed
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Medical and Research Center, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO 80206, USA
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46
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Parvari R, Hershkovitz E, Grossman N, Gorodischer R, Loeys B, Zecic A, Mortier G, Gregory S, Sharony R, Kambouris M, Sakati N, Meyer BF, Al Aqeel AI, Al Humaidan AK, Al Zanhrani F, Al Swaid A, Al Othman J, Diaz GA, Weiner R, Khan KTS, Gordon R, Gelb BD. Mutation of TBCE causes hypoparathyroidism-retardation-dysmorphism and autosomal recessive Kenny-Caffey syndrome. Nat Genet 2002; 32:448-52. [PMID: 12389028 DOI: 10.1038/ng1012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2002] [Accepted: 09/18/2002] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The syndrome of congenital hypoparathyroidism, mental retardation, facial dysmorphism and extreme growth failure (HRD or Sanjad-Sakati syndrome; OMIM 241410) is an autosomal recessive disorder reported almost exclusively in Middle Eastern populations. A similar syndrome with the additional features of osteosclerosis and recurrent bacterial infections has been classified as autosomal recessive Kenny-Caffey syndrome (AR-KCS; OMIM 244460). Both traits have previously been mapped to chromosome 1q43-44 (refs 5,6) and, despite the observed clinical variability, share an ancestral haplotype, suggesting a common founder mutation. We describe refinement of the critical region to an interval of roughly 230 kb and identification of deletion and truncation mutations of TBCE in affected individuals. The gene TBCE encodes one of several chaperone proteins required for the proper folding of alpha-tubulin subunits and the formation of alpha-beta-tubulin heterodimers. Analysis of diseased fibroblasts and lymphoblastoid cells showed lower microtubule density at the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) and perturbed microtubule polarity in diseased cells. Immunofluorescence and ultrastructural studies showed disturbances in subcellular organelles that require microtubules for membrane trafficking, such as the Golgi and late endosomal compartments. These findings demonstrate that HRD and AR-KCS are chaperone diseases caused by a genetic defect in the tubulin assembly pathway, and establish a potential connection between tubulin physiology and the development of the parathyroid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruti Parvari
- Department of Developmental Molecular Genetics, Soroka Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
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Abstract
We reviewed 13 patients with congenital insensitivity to pain. A quantitative sweat test was carried out in five and an intradermal histamine test in ten. DNA examination showed specific mutations in four patients. There were three clinical presentations: type A, in which multiple infections occurred (five patients); type B, with fractures, growth disturbances and avascular necrosis (three patients); and type C, with Charcot arthropathies and joint dislocations, as well as fractures and infections (five patients, four with mental retardation). Patient education, shoeware and periods of non-weight-bearing are important in the prevention and early treatment of decubitus ulcers. The differentiation between fractures and infections should be based on aspiration and cultures to prevent unnecessary surgery. Established infections should be treated by wide surgical debridement. Deformities can be managed by corrective osteotomies, and shortening by shoe raises or epiphysiodesis. Joint dislocations are best treated conservatively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - R. Parvari
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | | | - R. Weitz
- Child Neurology Unit, Schneider Children’s Medical Centre, 14 Kaplan Street, Peteh Tikva 49202, Israel
| | - T. Steinberg
- Child Neurology Unit, Schneider Children’s Medical Centre, 14 Kaplan Street, Peteh Tikva 49202, Israel
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Bar-On E, Weigl D, Parvari R, Katz K, Weitz R, Steinberg T. Congenital insensitivity to pain. Orthopaedic manifestations. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2002; 84:252-7. [PMID: 11922368 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.84b2.11939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We reviewed 13 patients with congenital insensitivity to pain. A quantitative sweat test was carried out in five and an intradermal histamine test in ten. DNA examination showed specific mutations in four patients. There were three clinical presentations: type A, in which multiple infections occurred (five patients); type B, with fractures, growth disturbances and avascular necrosis (three patients); and type C, with Charcot arthropathies and joint dislocations, as well as fractures and infections (five patients, four with mental retardation). Patient education, shoeware and periods of non-weight-bearing are important in the prevention and early treatment of decubitus ulcers. The differentiation between fractures and infections should be based on aspiration and cultures to prevent unnecessary surgery. Established infections should be treated by wide surgical debridement. Deformities can be managed by corrective osteotomies, and shortening by shoe raises or epiphysiodesis. Joint dislocations are best treated conservatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bar-On
- Child Neurology Unit, Schneider Children's and Rabin Medical Centres, Petah Tikva, Israel
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Abstract
Glycogen storage disease type IV (GSD-IV), also known as Andersen disease or amylopectinosis (MIM 23250), is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deficiency of glycogen branching enzyme (GBE) leading to the accumulation of amylopectin-like structures in affected tissues. The disease is extremely heterogeneous in terms of tissue involvement, age of onset and clinical manifestations. The human GBE cDNA is approximately 3-kb in length and encodes a 702-amino acid protein. The GBE amino acid sequence shows a high degree of conservation throughout species. The human GBE gene is located on chromosome 3p14 and consists of 16 exons spanning at least 118 kb of chromosomal DNA. Clinically the classic Andersen disease is a rapidly progressive disorder leading to terminal liver failure unless liver transplantation is performed. Several mutations have been reported in the GBE gene in patients with classic phenotype. Mutations in the GBE gene have also been identified in patients with the milder non-progressive hepatic form of the disease. Several other variants of GSD-IV have been reported: a variant with multi-system involvement including skeletal and cardiac muscle, nerve and liver; a juvenile polysaccharidosis with multi-system involvement but normal GBE activity; and the fatal neonatal neuromuscular form associated with a splice site mutation in the GBE gene. Other presentations include cardiomyopathy, arthrogryposis and even hydrops fetalis. Polyglucosan body disease, characterized by widespread upper and lower motor neuron lesions, can present with or without GBE deficiency indicating that different biochemical defects could result in an identical phenotype. It is evident that this disease exists in multiple forms with enzymatic and molecular heterogeneity unparalleled in the other types of glycogen storage diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimon W Moses
- Department of Pediatrics, Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
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50
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Parvari R, Brodyansky I, Elpeleg O, Moses S, Landau D, Hershkovitz E. A recessive contiguous gene deletion of chromosome 2p16 associated with cystinuria and a mitochondrial disease. Am J Hum Genet 2001; 69:869-75. [PMID: 11524703 PMCID: PMC1226072 DOI: 10.1086/323624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2001] [Accepted: 07/31/2001] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Deletions ranging from 100 Kb to 1 Mb--too small to be detected under the microscope--may still involve dozens of genes, thus causing microdeletion syndromes. The vast majority of these syndromes are caused by haploinsufficiency of one or several genes and are transmitted as dominant traits. We identified seven patients originating from an extended family and presenting with a unique syndrome, inherited in a recessive mode, consisting of cystinuria, neonatal seizures, hypotonia, severe somatic and developmental delay, facial dysmorphism, and lactic acidemia. Reduced activity of all the respiratory chain enzymatic complexes that are encoded in the mitochondria was found in muscle biopsy specimens of the patients examined. The molecular basis of this disorder is a homozygous deletion of 179,311 bp on chromosome 2p16, which includes the type I cystinuria gene (SLC3A1), the protein phosphatase 2Cbeta gene (PP2Cbeta), an unidentified gene (KIAA0436), and several expressed sequence tags. The extent of the deletion suggests that this unique syndrome is related to the complete absence of these genes' products, one of which may be essential for the synthesis of mitochondrial encoded proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Parvari
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel.
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