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Fittipaldi R, Hartmann R, Mercaldo MT, Komori S, Bjørlig A, Kyung W, Yasui Y, Miyoshi T, Olde Olthof LAB, Palomares Garcia CM, Granata V, Keren I, Higemoto W, Suter A, Prokscha T, Romano A, Noce C, Kim C, Maeno Y, Scheer E, Kalisky B, Robinson JWA, Cuoco M, Salman Z, Vecchione A, Di Bernardo A. Unveiling unconventional magnetism at the surface of Sr 2RuO 4. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5792. [PMID: 34608149 PMCID: PMC8490454 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26020-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Materials with strongly correlated electrons often exhibit interesting physical properties. An example of these materials is the layered oxide perovskite Sr2RuO4, which has been intensively investigated due to its unusual properties. Whilst the debate on the symmetry of the superconducting state in Sr2RuO4 is still ongoing, a deeper understanding of the Sr2RuO4 normal state appears crucial as this is the background in which electron pairing occurs. Here, by using low-energy muon spin spectroscopy we discover the existence of surface magnetism in Sr2RuO4 in its normal state. We detect static weak dipolar fields yet manifesting at an onset temperature higher than 50 K. We ascribe this unconventional magnetism to orbital loop currents forming at the reconstructed Sr2RuO4 surface. Our observations set a reference for the discovery of the same magnetic phase in other materials and unveil an electronic ordering mechanism that can influence electron pairing with broken time reversal symmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Fittipaldi
- CNR-SPIN, c/o University of Salerno, I-84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy.,Dipartimento di Fisica "E.R. Caianiello", University of Salerno, I-84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - R Hartmann
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - M T Mercaldo
- Dipartimento di Fisica "E.R. Caianiello", University of Salerno, I-84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - S Komori
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK.,Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - A Bjørlig
- Department of Physics, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5920002, Israel
| | - W Kyung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Y Yasui
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.,RIKEN, Centre for Emergent Matter Science, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Miyoshi
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - L A B Olde Olthof
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK
| | - C M Palomares Garcia
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK
| | - V Granata
- Dipartimento di Fisica "E.R. Caianiello", University of Salerno, I-84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - I Keren
- Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232, Villigen, PSI, Switzerland.,The Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - W Higemoto
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan
| | - A Suter
- Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232, Villigen, PSI, Switzerland
| | - T Prokscha
- Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232, Villigen, PSI, Switzerland
| | - A Romano
- CNR-SPIN, c/o University of Salerno, I-84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy.,Dipartimento di Fisica "E.R. Caianiello", University of Salerno, I-84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - C Noce
- CNR-SPIN, c/o University of Salerno, I-84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy.,Dipartimento di Fisica "E.R. Caianiello", University of Salerno, I-84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - C Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Y Maeno
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - E Scheer
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - B Kalisky
- Department of Physics, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5920002, Israel
| | - J W A Robinson
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK
| | - M Cuoco
- CNR-SPIN, c/o University of Salerno, I-84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy. .,Dipartimento di Fisica "E.R. Caianiello", University of Salerno, I-84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy.
| | - Z Salman
- Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232, Villigen, PSI, Switzerland.
| | - A Vecchione
- CNR-SPIN, c/o University of Salerno, I-84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy.,Dipartimento di Fisica "E.R. Caianiello", University of Salerno, I-84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - A Di Bernardo
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany.
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Di Bernardo A, Komori S, Livanas G, Divitini G, Gentile P, Cuoco M, Robinson JWA. Nodal superconducting exchange coupling. Nat Mater 2019; 18:1194-1200. [PMID: 31527810 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-019-0476-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A superconducting spin valve consists of a thin-film superconductor between two ferromagnetic layers. A change of magnetization alignment shifts the superconducting transition temperature (ΔΤc) due to an interplay between the magnetic exchange energy and the superconducting condensate. The magnitude of ΔΤc scales inversely with the superconductor thickness (dS) and is zero when dS exceeds the superconducting coherence length (ξ). Here, we report a superconducting spin-valve effect involving a different underlying mechanism in which magnetization alignment and ΔΤc are determined by nodal quasiparticle excitation states on the Fermi surface of the d-wave superconductor YBa2Cu3O7-δ sandwiched between insulating layers of ferromagnetic Pr0.8Ca0.2MnO3. We observe ΔΤc values that approach 2 K with the sign of ΔΤc oscillating with dS over a length scale exceeding 100ξ and, for particular values of dS, the superconducting state reinforces an antiparallel magnetization alignment. These results pave the way to all-oxide superconducting memory in which superconductivity modulates the magnetic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Di Bernardo
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
| | - S Komori
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - G Livanas
- CNR-SPIN, c/o University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - G Divitini
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - P Gentile
- CNR-SPIN, c/o University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - M Cuoco
- CNR-SPIN, c/o University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - J W A Robinson
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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Sakakida T, Ishikawa T, Chihara Y, Harita S, Uchino J, Tabuchi Y, Komori S, Asai J, Narukawa T, Arai A, Tsunezuka H, Kosuga T, Konishi H, Moriguchi M, Yasuda H, Hongo F, Inoue M, Hirano S, Ukimura O, Itoh Y, Taguchi T, Takayama K. Safety and efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in patients with preexisting antinuclear antibodies. Clin Transl Oncol 2019; 22:919-927. [PMID: 31576495 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-019-02214-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) show promising clinical activity in advanced cancers. However, the safety and efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in patients with preexisting antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are unclear. METHODS 191 patients treated with nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, or durvalumab for unresectable advanced cancers between September 2014 and December 2018 were identified retrospectively. Patients were divided into positive (ANA titers ≥ 1:160) and negative ANA groups (ANA titers < 1:160). Development of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), the overall response rate (ORR), and disease control rate (DCR) were monitored. RESULTS Positive ANA titers were seen in 9 out of 191 patients. Four patients in the positive ANA group and 69 patients in the negative group developed irAEs of any grade without a significant difference between the groups. The development of endocrine, pulmonary, and cutaneous irAEs was not significant, whereas positive ANA was significantly higher in patients who developed colitis (2/9) than in patients who did not (3/182, P = 0.0002). DCR in the positive and negative ANA group was 37.5% and 67.5%, respectively, and was not statistically significant, but had better efficacy in patients without ANA (P = 0.08). ANA-related autoimmune diseases such as SLE, Sjögren's syndrome, MCTD, scleroderma, dermatomyositis, and polymyositis was not induced in either group. However, one patient with preexisting dermatomyositis had a flare up after initiation of atezolizumab. CONCLUSION Further studies to identify predictive factors for the development of irAEs are required to provide relevant patient care and maximize the therapeutic benefits of ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sakakida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Hirokoji agaru, Kawaramachi Street, Kamigyoku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Ishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Hirokoji agaru, Kawaramachi Street, Kamigyoku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Kyoto, Japan.
- Outpatient Oncology Unit, University Hospital, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Y Chihara
- Outpatient Oncology Unit, University Hospital, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Harita
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - J Uchino
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Tabuchi
- Outpatient Oncology Unit, University Hospital, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Komori
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - J Asai
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Narukawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A Arai
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - H Tsunezuka
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Kosuga
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - H Konishi
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Moriguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Hirokoji agaru, Kawaramachi Street, Kamigyoku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Kyoto, Japan
| | - H Yasuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Hirokoji agaru, Kawaramachi Street, Kamigyoku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Kyoto, Japan
| | - F Hongo
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Inoue
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Hirano
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - O Ukimura
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Itoh
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Hirokoji agaru, Kawaramachi Street, Kamigyoku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Taguchi
- Outpatient Oncology Unit, University Hospital, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Division of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Takayama
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Börcsök B, Komori S, Buzdin AI, Robinson JWA. Fraunhofer patterns in magnetic Josephson junctions with non-uniform magnetic susceptibility. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5616. [PMID: 30948732 PMCID: PMC6449400 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41764-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of superconducting memory and logic based on magnetic Josephson junctions relies on an understanding of junction properties and, in particular, the dependence of critical current on external magnetic flux (i.e. Fraunhofer patterns). With the rapid development of Josephson junctions with various forms of inhomogeneous barrier magnetism, Fraunhofer patterns are increasingly complex. In this paper we model Fraunhofer patterns for magnetic Josephson junctions in which the barrier magnetic susceptibility is position- and external-magnetic-field dependent. The model predicts anomalous Fraunhofer patterns in which local minima in the Josephson critical current can be nonzero and non-periodic with external magnetic flux due to an interference effect between magnetised and demagnetised regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Börcsök
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
| | - S Komori
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
| | - A I Buzdin
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
- Université Bordeaux, CNRS, LOMA, UMR- 5798, F-33400, Talence, France
| | - J W A Robinson
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, United Kingdom.
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Komori S, Di Bernardo A, Buzdin AI, Blamire MG, Robinson JWA. Magnetic Exchange Fields and Domain Wall Superconductivity at an All-Oxide Superconductor-Ferromagnet Insulator Interface. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:077003. [PMID: 30169105 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.077003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
At a superconductor-ferromagnet (S/F) interface, the F layer can introduce a magnetic exchange field within the S layer, which acts to locally spin split the superconducting density of states. The effect of magnetic exchange fields on superconductivity has been thoroughly explored at S-ferromagnet insulator (S/FI) interfaces for isotropic s-wave S and a thickness that is smaller than the superconducting coherence length. Here we report a magnetic exchange field effect at an all-oxide S/FI interface involving the anisotropic d-wave high temperature superconductor praseodymium cerium copper oxide (PCCO) and the FI praseodymium calcium manganese oxide (PCMO). The magnetic exchange field in PCCO, detected via magnetotransport measurements through the superconducting transition, is localized to the PCCO/PCMO interface with an average magnitude that depends on the presence or absence of magnetic domain walls in PCMO. The results are promising for the development of all-oxide superconducting spintronic devices involving unconventional pairing and high temperature superconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Komori
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
| | - A Di Bernardo
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
| | - A I Buzdin
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
- University Bordeaux, LOMA UMR-CNRS 5798, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - M G Blamire
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
| | - J W A Robinson
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
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Asano M, Komori S, Ikuta R, Imoto N, Özdemir ŞK, Yamamoto T. Visible light emission from a silica microbottle resonator by second- and third-harmonic generation. Opt Lett 2016; 41:5793-5796. [PMID: 27973504 DOI: 10.1364/ol.41.005793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report the first observation of nonlinear harmonic generation and sum frequency generation (SFG) coupled with stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) via the second-order (χ(2)) and the third-order (χ(3)) nonlinearities in a silica microbottle resonator. The visible light emission due to third-harmonic generation (THG) was observed in both the output of a tapered fiber and the optical microscope images, which can be used to identify the axial mode profiles. SFG enabled by three- and four-wave mixing processes between the pump light and the light generated via SRS was also observed. Second-harmonic generation (SHG) and the SFG are enabled by χ(2) induced in silica by surface effects and multipole excitations.
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7
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Takeda K, Matsushita H, Ogawa T, Kubozono M, Ishikawa Y, Yamamoto T, Kozumi M, Takahashi N, Dobashi S, Kadoya N, Ito K, Chiba M, Komori S, Ishizawa Y, Takeda K, Tasaka S, Katagiri Y, Tanabe T, Katori Y, Jingu K. Association of Pretreatment Serum Albumin with Reduction in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Tumor Volume During Curative External Beam Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.1537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Arai K, Kadoya N, Kato T, Endo H, Komori S, Abe Y, Hirose K, Nakamura T, Wada H, Kikuchi Y, Jingu K. TH-CD-209-03: Feasibility of CBCT-Based Proton Dose Calculation Using a Histogram-Matching Algorithm in Proton Beam Therapy. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4958197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Sekiguchi A, Ishiyama H, Satoh T, Kawakami S, Komori S, Soda I, Tabata K, Takahashi R, Iwamura M, Hayakawa K. Eight-Year Experience of Iodine-125 Monotherapy for Japanese Men With Localized Prostate Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.06.925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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10
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Tanahashi Y, Waki N, Unno T, Matsuyama H, Iino S, Kitazawa T, Yamada M, Komori S. Roles of M2 and M3 muscarinic receptors in the generation of rhythmic motor activity in mouse small intestine. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2013; 25:e687-97. [PMID: 23889852 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The roles of M2 and M3 muscarinic receptor subtypes in the regulation of gut motor activity were investigated. METHODS We simultaneously recorded changes in the intraluminal pressure (IP) and longitudinal tension (LT) in small intestinal segments from M2 or M3 receptor knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. KEY RESULTS In the WT preparations, luminal distension induced a continuous rhythmic contractile activity that was characterized by synchronous rises in IP and LT, occurring periodically at a constant interval. Tetrodotoxin completely abolished the response, whereas atropine either abolished or attenuated it. In the majority of the M2 KO preparations, however, no rhythmic activity was observed in response to the luminal distention, even though networks of enteric neurons and interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) seemed to be intact. Where rhythmic activity did occur in M2 KO preparations, it was atropine resistant. In the M3 KO preparations, the IP and LT were synchronously changed by the luminal distention, but the changes occurred at irregular intervals. The W/W(v) mutant preparations, which lack ICC in the myenteric plexus (ICC-MY), showed results similar to those of the M3 KO preparations. In some of the M2 /M3 double-KO preparations, rhythmic activity was not observed, but in the others, an atropine-resistant rhythmicity appeared. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES These results suggest that M2 and M3 muscarinic receptors differentially regulate the intestinal motor activity: M2 receptors play an essential role in the generation of rhythmic motor activity, and M3 receptors have a modulatory role in controlling the periodicity of the rhythmic activity together with the ICC-MY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tanahashi
- Department of Animal Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
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Harada N, Ochi K, Yaosaka N, Teraoka H, Hiraga T, Iwanaga T, Unno T, Komori S, Yamada M, Kitazawa T. Immunohistochemical and functional studies for M3muscarinic receptors and cyclo-oxygenase-2 expressed in the mouse atrium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 32:41-52. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1474-8673.2012.00472.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Revised: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 04/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Harada
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; Rakuno Gakuen University; Ebetsu; Hokkaido; 069-8501; Japan
| | - K. Ochi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; Rakuno Gakuen University; Ebetsu; Hokkaido; 069-8501; Japan
| | - N. Yaosaka
- Department of Veterinary Science; Rakuno Gakuen University; Ebetsu; Hokkaido; 069-8501; Japan
| | - H. Teraoka
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; Rakuno Gakuen University; Ebetsu; Hokkaido; 069-8501; Japan
| | - T. Hiraga
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; Rakuno Gakuen University; Ebetsu; Hokkaido; 069-8501; Japan
| | - T. Iwanaga
- Department of Functional Morphology, Laboratory of Histology and Cytology; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine; Sapporo; 060-8638; Japan
| | - T. Unno
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Applied Biological Science; Gifu University; Gifu; 501-1193; Japan
| | - S. Komori
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Applied Biological Science; Gifu University; Gifu; 501-1193; Japan
| | - M. Yamada
- Common Resources Group; Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology; Okinawa; 904-0411; Japan
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Abstract
The effect of turbulent clustering of water droplets on radiative transfer is investigated by means of both a three-dimensional direct numerical simulation of particle-laden homogeneous isotropic turbulence and a radiative transfer simulation based on a Monte Carlo photon tracing method. The results show that turbulent clustering causes the formation of void regions of droplets and hence increases the direct transmittance. This effect decreases as the turbulent Reynolds number increases and is estimated to be negligibly small under the conditions in real clouds.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Matsuda
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Science, Advanced Research Institute of Fluid Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Inoue K, Tsubamoto H, Ito K, Hori K, Kanazawa R, Ito Y, Yamamoto S, Onishi K, Ando R, Komori S. Intraperitoneal and intrapleural administrations of triamcinolone acetonide for control of malignant ascites and pleural effusion. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e15505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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14
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Acar-Perk B, Weimer J, Koch K, Salmassi A, Arnold N, Mettler L, Schmutzler AG, Ottolini CS, Griffin DK, Handyside AH, Summers MC, Thornhill AR, Montjean D, Benkhalifa M, Cohen-Bacrie P, Siffroi JP, Mandelbaum J, Berthaut I, Bashamboo A, Ravel C, McElreavey K, Ao A, Zhang XY, Yilmaz A, Chung JT, Demirtas E, Son WY, Dahan M, Buckett W, Holzer H, Tan SL, Perheentupa A, Vierula M, Jorgensen N, Skakkebaek NE, Chantot-Bastaraud S, McElreavey K, Toppari J, Muzii L, Magli MC, Gioia L, Mattioli M, Ferraretti AP, Gianaroli L, Koscinski I, Elinati E, Fossard C, Kuentz P, Kilani Z, Demirol A, Gurgan T, Schmitt F, Velez de la Calle J, Iqbal N, Louanjli N, Pasquier M, Carre-Pigeon F, Muller J, Barratt C, Viville S, Magli C, Grugnetti C, Castelletti E, Paviglianiti B, Gianaroli L, Pepas L, Braude P, Grace J, Bolton V, Khalaf Y, El-Toukhy T, Galeraud-Denis I, Bouraima H, Sibert L, Rives N, Carreau S, Janse F, de With LM, Fauser BCJM, Lambalk CB, Laven JSE, Goverde AJ, Giltay JC, De Leo V, Governini L, Quagliariello A, Margollicci MA, Piomboni P, Luddi A, Miyamura H, Nishizawa H, Ota S, Suzuki M, Inagaki A, Egusa H, Nishiyama S, Kato T, Nakanishi I, Fujita T, Imayoshi Y, Markoff A, Yanagihara I, Udagawa Y, Kurahashi H, Alvaro Mercadal B, Imbert R, Demeestere I, De Leener A, Englert Y, Costagliola S, Delbaere A, Velilla E, Colomar A, Toro E, Chamosa S, Alvarez J, Lopez-Teijon M, Fernandez S, Hosoda Y, Hasegawa A, Morimoto N, Wakimoto Y, Ito Y, Komori S, Sati L, Zeiss C, Demir R, McGrath J, Ku SY, Kim YJ, Kim YY, Kim HJ, Park KE, Kim SH, Choi YM, Moon SY, Minor A, Chow V, Ma S, Martinez Mendez E, Gaytan M, Linan A, Pacheco A, San Celestino M, Nogales C, Ariza M, Cernuda D, Bronet F, Lendinez Ramirez AM, Palomares AR, Perez-Nevot B, Urraca V, Ruiz Martin A, Reche A, Ruiz Galdon M, Reyes-Engel A, Treff NR, Tao X, Taylor D, Levy B, Ferry KM, Scott Jr. RT, Vasan S, Acharya KK, Vasan B, Yalaburgi R, Ganesan KK, Darshan SC, Neelima CH, Deepa P, Akhilesh B, Sravanthi D, Sreelakshmi KS, Deepti H, van Doorninck JH, Eleveld C, van der Hoeven M, Birnie E, Steegers EAP, Galjaard RJ, Laven JSE, van den Berg IM, Fiorentino F, Spizzichino L, Bono S, Biricik A, Kokkali G, Rienzi L, Ubaldi FM, Iammarrone E, Gordon A, Pantos K, Oitmaa E, Tammiste A, Suvi S, Punab M, Remm M, Metspalu A, Salumets A, Rodrigo L, Mir P, Cervero A, Mateu E, Mercader A, Vidal C, Giles J, Remohi J, Pellicer A, Martin J, Rubio C, Mozdarani H, Moghbeli Nejad S, Behmanesh M, Alleyasin A, Ghedir H, Ibala-Romdhane S, Mamai O, Brahem S, Elghezal H, Ajina M, Gribaa M, Saad A, Mateu E, Rodrigo L, Martinez MC, Mercader A, Peinado V, Milan M, Al-Asmar N, Pellicer A, Remohi J, Rubio C, Mercader A, Buendia P, Delgado A, Escrich L, Amorocho B, Simon C, Remohi J, Pellicer A, Martin J, Rubio C, Petrussa L, Van de Velde H, De Munck N, De Rycke M, Altmae S, Martinez-Conejero JA, Esteban FJ, Ruiz-Alonso M, Stavreus-Evers A, Horcajadas JA, Salumets A, Bug B, Raabe-Meyer G, Bender U, Zimmer J, Schulze B, Vogt PH, Laisk T, Peters M, Salumets A, Grabar V, Feskov A, Zhilkova E, Sugawara N, Maeda M, Seki T, Manome T, Nagai R, Araki Y, Georgiou I, Lazaros L, Xita N, Chatzikyriakidou A, Kaponis A, Grigoriadis N, Hatzi E, Grigoriadis I, Sofikitis N, Zikopoulos K, Gunn M, Brezina PR, Benner A, Du L, Kearns WG, Shen X, Zhou C, Xu Y, Zhong Y, Zeng Y, Zhuang G, Benner A, Brezina PR, Gunn MC, Du L, Richter K, Kearns WG, Andreeva P, Dimitrov I, Konovalova M, Kyurkchiev S, Shterev A, Daser A, Day E, Turley H, Immesberger A, Haaf T, Hahn T, Dear PH, Schorsch M, Don J, Golan N, Eldar T, Yaverboim R. POSTER VIEWING SESSION - REPRODUCTIVE (EPI) GENETICS. Hum Reprod 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/26.s1.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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15
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Abstract
This study aimed to investigate how the trunk muscularity is related to sprint running performance. In 23 youth soccer players, the cross-sectional images at the mid level of each of L1-L2, L2-L3, L3-L4, L4-L5, and L5-S1 were obtained using magnetic resonance imaging to determine the cross-sectional areas (CSAs) of rectus abdominis, oblique, psoas major, quadratus lumborum and erector spinae muscles. The times taken to sprint over 20 m were measured, and the mean velocity of running was calculated for each of the 2 distances (V (10 m) and V (20 m)) and for the distance from 10 m to 20 m (V (10-20 m)). The CSA values of the 5 slice levels for all muscles except for the quadratus lumborum and those of the 3 slice levels (L1-L2, L2-L3 and L3-L4) for the quadratus lumborum were averaged and expressed relative to the two-third power of body mass (CSA/BM (2/3)). The CSA/BM (2/3) values of the erector spinae and quadratus lumborum were selected as significant contributors to predict V (10 m) ( R(2)=0.450), V (20 m) ( R(2)=0.504) and V (10-20 m) ( R(2)=0.420). The current results indicate that the muscularity of the erector spinae and quadratus lumborum contributes to achieving a high performance in sprint running over distances of less than 20 m.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kubo
- University of Tokyo, Life Sciences (Sports Sciences), Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Yang XZ, Kumamoto K, Hasegawa A, Komori S, Koyama K. Engulfment of spermatozoa by cumulus cells and the role of CD36. J Reprod Immunol 2010; 88:24-31. [PMID: 21095012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2010.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2009] [Revised: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 09/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The function of cumulus cells after sperm penetration is not well understood. The present study examined the phagocytic action of cumulus cells on sperm after dispersion of cumulus-oocyte complexes. In a co-incubation system of cauda sperm and cumulus cells, the sperm heads were beginning to vanish after 2.5h and 77%±1.34 of sperm heads had disappeared at 30 h. Most of the sperm heads were engulfed by cumulus cells. Immunofluorescent studies showed that cumulus cells were expressing the CD36 molecule, and sperm were exposing phosphatidylserine (PS). Anti-CD36 antibody and annexin V inhibited the engulfment of sperm by cumulus cells by 26.0% and 40.5%, respectively. These results suggested that the cumulus cells recognized the PS molecules on sperm via CD36 and this molecular interaction possibly triggered the phagocytosis of sperm by cumulus cells. These results suggest that cumulus cells might play a role in inhibiting undesired immune reactions induced by sperm antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Z Yang
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Reproduction, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
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17
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Ogino M, Hasegawa A, Mochida N, Tanaka H, Hosoda Y, Komori S. Effective two-step culture method for development of early preantral mouse follicles. J Reprod Immunol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2010.06.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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18
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Hosoda Y, Hasegawa A, Kumamoto K, Ogino M, Ikeda Y, Tanaka H, Komori S. Molecular profiles of mouse ovarian folliculogenesis. J Reprod Immunol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2010.06.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Hasegawa A, Kumamoto K, Mochida N, Komori S, Koyama K. Gene expression profile during ovarian folliculogenesis. J Reprod Immunol 2009; 83:40-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2009.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2009] [Revised: 09/11/2009] [Accepted: 09/23/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Unno T, Yamamoto M, Hayashi T, Koide K, Tanahashi Y, Matsuyama H, Yamada M, Wess J, Komori S. P3.14 Functional roles of M2 and M3 muscarinic receptors in cholinergic nerve-induced contractions in mouse bladder studied with receptor knockout mice. Auton Neurosci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2009.05.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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21
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Tsubamoto H, Wada R, Kanazawa R, Komori S, Maeda H, Hirota S, Adachi S. Neoadjuvant transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) using cisplatin with the combination of dose-dense intravenous administration of paclitaxel for the locally advanced cervical adenocarcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e16518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e16518 Background: Adenocarcinoma (including adenosquamous carcinoma) of the uterine cervix has a tendency to early lymph node metastasis and is resistant to radiation therapy, thus results in poor prognosis compared with squamous cell carcinoma. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by radical hysterectomy (RH) for bulky cervical adenocarcinoma seems to be an alternative therapy to primary radiation. Methods: P2 at the single institution. Eligible criteria were as follows: Histologically diagnosed cervical adeno or adenosquamous carcinoma with FIGO stage IB2-IVA, Age < or equal to 75, PS 0–2, given informed consent. The NAC regimen consisted of paclitaxel (60mg/m2, iv, D1, D8, D15) and cisplatin (70 mg/m2, trans-uterine arterial infusion followed by embolization using the gelform, D2) repeated every 3 weeks for 2–3 cycles, followed by RH. Primary endpoints were clinical and pathological responses, and secondary endpoints were toxicities, relapse free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: Enrolled patients: 22 (1998–2006), Age: median 51 (33–75), FIGO stage: IB2 (9), IIA-IIB (8), IIIB (3), IVA (2), adeno/adenosquamous: 16/6. Toxicities during NAC (CTCAE ver.3) were as follows: G3/G4 neutropenia 18% (4/22), G3/G4 anemia 14% (3/22), G3/G4 thrombocytopenia 0%, G2/G3 sensory neuropathy 0 %, G3/G4 creatinine elevation 0%, G2 alopecia 100%. Clinical response rate (RR: CR+PR) of the patients with stage IB2-IIB was 100%. 16 of 17 received RH, and no residual malignant cells were found pathologically (pCR) in 3. RR of the patients with stage IIIb-IVa was 80%, three patients completed RH with either modified anterior or posterior exenteration, and pCR was found in one patient. The rate of radiation therapy following either NAC or surgery among enrolled patients were 18% (3/17) with stage IB2-IIB and 40% (2/5) with IIIB-IVA. 5 year RFS/OS were 69%/68% with stage IB2-IIb and 60%/60% with stage IIIb-IVa. All 15 alive patients had RH. One patient with stage IVa had urostomy, and other 14 patients have no trouble in urination function. Conclusions: TACE with cisplatin and dose dense paclitaxel in the neoadjuvant setting is feasible and effective for cervical adenocarcinoma. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Tsubamoto
- Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Kansai Clinical Oncology Group, Kansai, Japan
| | - R. Wada
- Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Kansai Clinical Oncology Group, Kansai, Japan
| | - R. Kanazawa
- Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Kansai Clinical Oncology Group, Kansai, Japan
| | - S. Komori
- Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Kansai Clinical Oncology Group, Kansai, Japan
| | - H. Maeda
- Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Kansai Clinical Oncology Group, Kansai, Japan
| | - S. Hirota
- Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Kansai Clinical Oncology Group, Kansai, Japan
| | - S. Adachi
- Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Kansai Clinical Oncology Group, Kansai, Japan
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22
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Nakamura Y, Komori S, Kasumi H, Tanaka H, Koyama K. Analysis of androgenic effect during spermatogenesis in testis. Fertil Steril 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Komori S, Kasumi H, Uchida K, Nakamura Y, Tanaka H, Koyama K. Analysis of the androgen effect for the expression of translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) in mouse sertoli cells. Fertil Steril 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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24
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Ito K, Hasegawa A, Komori S, Koyama K. Biochemical property and immunogenicity of mouse male reproductive tract CD52 (mrt-CD52). J Reprod Immunol 2007; 75:32-9. [PMID: 17418902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2007.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2006] [Revised: 02/26/2007] [Accepted: 03/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Male reproductive tract CD52 (mrt-CD52) is known to be a pathogenic antigen for immunological infertility. Although human CD52 has been extensively investigated, the properties of mouse CD52 are not well elucidated. This study was conducted, therefore, to examine the tissue distribution, molecular composition and immunogenicity of mouse mrt-CD52. Immunohistological studies with an antibody to a synthetic peptide showed that mouse CD52 was localized mainly in the cauda epididymis and vas deferens, but not in the testis, liver, kidney or spleen. The molecule was composed of Asn (N)-linked and The/Ser (O)-linked carbohydrates as well as a glycosylphosphatidyl (GPI) anchor portion. Purified mrt-CD52 preparations produced antibodies by subcutaneous and intranasal immunization in both male and female mice. These antisera showed sperm-immobilizing activities with complement to mouse sperm. The research indicated mouse CD52 had similar biochemical and immunological properties to human CD52. This animal experiment is a good model for investigating human mrt-CD52 antibody detected in infertile patients.
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MESH Headings
- Alemtuzumab
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/biosynthesis
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/metabolism
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
- Antibodies, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- Antibodies, Neoplasm/immunology
- Antibodies, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Antigens, CD/chemistry
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Antigens, CD/isolation & purification
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, Neoplasm/chemistry
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Antigens, Neoplasm/isolation & purification
- Antigens, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Autoantibodies/analysis
- CD52 Antigen
- Epididymis/cytology
- Epididymis/metabolism
- Epitopes
- Genitalia, Male/immunology
- Glycoproteins/chemistry
- Glycoproteins/immunology
- Glycoproteins/isolation & purification
- Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Infertility, Male/immunology
- Isoantibodies/analysis
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Sperm Motility
- Spermatozoa/immunology
- Spermatozoa/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ito
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
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25
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Osada S, Komori S, Matsui S, Tokuyama Y, Sakashita F. P1949 The utility of vitamin K3 for local injection therapy against advanced pancreas cancer. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(07)71788-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Unno T, Matsuyama H, Izumi Y, Yamada M, Wess J, Komori S. Roles of M2 and M3 muscarinic receptors in cholinergic nerve-induced contractions in mouse ileum studied with receptor knockout mice. Br J Pharmacol 2006; 149:1022-30. [PMID: 17099717 PMCID: PMC2014632 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The functional roles of M(2) and M(3) muscarinic receptors in neurogenic cholinergic contractions in gastrointestinal tracts remain to be elucidated. To address this issue, we studied cholinergic nerve-induced contractions in the ileum using mutant mice lacking M(2) or M(3) receptor subtypes. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Contractile responses to transmural electrical (TE) stimulation were isometrically recorded in ileal segments from M(2)-knockout (KO), M(3)-KO, M(2)/M(3)-double KO, and wild-type mice. KEY RESULTS TE stimulation at 2-50 Hz frequency-dependently evoked a fast, brief contraction followed by a slower, longer one in wild-type, M(2)-KO or M(3)-KO mouse preparations. Tetrodotoxin blocked both the initial and later contractions, while atropine only inhibited the initial contractions. The initial cholinergic contractions were significantly greater in wild-type than M(2)-KO or M(3)-KO mice; the respective mean amplitudes at 50 Hz were 91, 74 and 68 % of 70mM K(+)-induced contraction. Pretreatment with pertussis toxin blocked the cholinergic contractions in M(3)-KO but not in M(2)-KO mice. Cholinergic contractions also remained in wild-type preparations, but their sizes were reduced by 20-30 % at 10-50 Hz. In M(2)/M(3)-double KO mice, TE stimulation evoked only slow, noncholinergic contractions, which were significantly greater in sizes than in any of the other three mouse strains. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS These results demonstrate that M(2) and M(3) receptors participate in mediating cholinergic contractions in mouse ileum with the latter receptors assuming a greater role. Our data also suggest that the lack of both M(2) and M(3) receptors causes upregulation of noncholinergic excitatory innervation of the gut smooth muscle.
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MESH Headings
- Anesthetics, Local/pharmacology
- Animals
- Atropine/pharmacology
- Capsaicin/pharmacology
- Electric Stimulation
- Female
- Ileum/drug effects
- Isometric Contraction/drug effects
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscarinic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Muscle Contraction/drug effects
- Muscle Contraction/physiology
- Muscle, Smooth/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth/physiology
- Parasympathetic Nervous System/drug effects
- Parasympathetic Nervous System/physiology
- Pertussis Toxin/pharmacology
- Receptor, Muscarinic M2/drug effects
- Receptor, Muscarinic M2/genetics
- Receptor, Muscarinic M2/physiology
- Receptor, Muscarinic M3/drug effects
- Receptor, Muscarinic M3/genetics
- Receptor, Muscarinic M3/physiology
- Tetrodotoxin/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- T Unno
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Science, Gifu University Gifu, Japan
| | - H Matsuyama
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Science, Gifu University Gifu, Japan
| | - Y Izumi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Science, Gifu University Gifu, Japan
| | - M Yamada
- Laboratory for Neurogenetics, Brain Science Institute RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
| | - J Wess
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - S Komori
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Science, Gifu University Gifu, Japan
- Author for correspondence:
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Kinoshita A, Tanaka H, Komori S, Hasegawa A, Koyama K. Autoimmunity to zona pellucida possibly causes Premature Ovarian Failure (POF). J Reprod Immunol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2006.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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28
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Kitazawa T, Ukai H, Komori S, Taneike T. Pharmacological characterization of 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced contraction in the chicken gastrointestinal tract. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 26:157-68. [PMID: 16553644 DOI: 10.1111/j.1474-8673.2006.00365.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptor subtypes involved in 5-HT-induced contraction of the chicken gastrointestinal tract were characterized pharmacologically using subtype-selective agonists and antagonists. The proventriculus (area of stomach adjacent to the oesophagus) and ileum are examined. 5-HT applied cumulatively caused sustained contraction of the proventriculus that was not decreased by tetrodotoxin, atropine or l-nitro-arginine methylester (l-NAME). alpha-Methyl-5-HT showed the same potency as that of 5-HT, indicating the involvement of the 5-HT(2) receptor. (+/-)-1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-amino-propane (DOI), 5-methoxytryptamine and 1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine hydrochloride (mCPP) were potent, and 2-methyl-5-HT, 5-carboxamidotryptamine, BW723C86 and 6-chloro-2-(1-piperazinyl)pyrazine hydrochloride (MK212) were moderate, but (+/-)-8-hydroxy-2-dipropylaminotetralin hydrobromide (8-OH-DPAT), [endo-N-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo-(3,2,1)oct-3-yl]-2,3-dihydro-(1-methyl)ethyl-2-oxo-1H-benzimidazol-1-carboxamide (BIMU-8) and cisapride were weak agonists. Correlation of pEC(50) values of these agonists with documented pEC(50) values for 5-HT(2C) receptor was higher than 5-HT(2A) and 5-HT(2B). Cinanserin, ketanserin, methiothepin, methysergide, mianserin, (8-[5-(2,4-dimethoxy-5-(4-trifluoromethylphenylsulphonamido)phenyl-5-oxopentyl)-1,3,8-triazaspiro[4,5]decane-2,4-dione hydrochloride (RS102221), N-(1-methyl-1H-indolyl-5-yl)-N'-(3-methyl-5-isothiazolyl)urea (SB204741), spiperone and N-desmethylclozapine concentration-dependently inhibited the contractile responses to 5-HT. Correlation of pK(b)/pA(2) of antagonists with documented pK(i) for 5-HT(2C) receptor was highest among 5-HT(2) receptor subtypes. In the methysergide- and ketanserin-treated proventriculus, 5-HT, 2-methyl-5-HT and cisapride did not enhance the electrical field stimulation (5 Hz)-induced cholinergic contractions. 5-HT applied non-cumulatively caused transient contraction of ileum, and the responses were partly decreased by atropine or tetrodotoxin. 5-Methoxytryptamine, alpha-methyl-5-HT, 5-carboxamidotryptamine, L692,247 and DOI were potent agonists. However, 2-methyl-5-HT, cisapride, BW723C86, 8-OH-DPAT and 5-nonyloxytryptamine, mCPP and MK212 were less effective. Ketanserin and methysergide decreased the 5-HT-induced ileal contraction, but neither GR113808 nor SB269970 inhibited the responses. In conclusion, 5-HT causes contraction of the proventriculus via 5-HT(2C)-like receptors present on smooth muscle. 5-HT also causes contraction of the ileum, but the underlying mechanisms are complex, involving neural and smooth muscle components, and both 5-HT(1)- and 5-HT(2)-like receptors. Neural 5-HT receptors similar to 5-HT(3)/5-HT(4) receptors were not found in the chicken proventriculus and ileum.
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MESH Headings
- Anesthetics, Local/pharmacology
- Animals
- Atropine/pharmacology
- Chickens/physiology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Electric Stimulation
- Ileum/drug effects
- Ileum/innervation
- Ileum/metabolism
- In Vitro Techniques
- Ketanserin/pharmacology
- Male
- Muscarinic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Muscle Contraction/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth/drug effects
- Proventriculus/drug effects
- Proventriculus/innervation
- Proventriculus/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1D/drug effects
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1D/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/drug effects
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C/drug effects
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C/metabolism
- Serotonin
- Serotonin Agents/pharmacology
- Spiro Compounds/pharmacology
- Sulfonamides/pharmacology
- Tetrodotoxin/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kitazawa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
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Kaneko M, Hiramatsu T, Nishimura Y, Iwahashi M, Komori S, Shibata M, Yuzaki M, Okamura Y, Suzuki H, Takeuchi T, Shibuta S. [Effects of octreotide acetate on intractable chylothorax after surgery for congenital heart diseases]. Kyobu Geka 2006; 59:561-4. [PMID: 16856532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We experienced 2 infants in whom octreotide acetate was effective on intractable chylothorax after surgery for congenital heart diseases. They were 8- and 5-month-old. They were diagnosed as having corrected transposition of the great arteries (TGA) and tetralogy of Fallot respectively, and underwent bidirectional Glenn anastomosis and right modified Blalock Taussig shunt. Chylothorax was revealed on the 11th and the 1st postoperative day, and was not improved by any conventional therapy in either case. Then octreotide acetate was infused continuously with 0.1-0.6 micorg/kg/hour for 24 and 7 days. Chylothorax disappeared completely without any complications such as disturbance of blood sugar level or growth retardation. Octreotide acetate was effective and safe even in infants in intractable chylothorax after surgery for congenital heart diseases, as long as used for short period.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kaneko
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
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Unno T, Matsuyama H, Okamoto H, Sakamoto T, Yamamoto M, Tanahashi Y, Yan HD, Komori S. Muscarinic cationic current in gastrointestinal smooth muscles: signal transduction and role in contraction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 26:203-17. [PMID: 16879487 DOI: 10.1111/j.1474-8673.2006.00366.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
1 The muscarinic receptor plays a key role in the parasympathetic nervous control of various peripheral tissues including gastrointestinal tract. The neurotransmitter acetylcholine, via activating muscarinic receptors that exist in smooth muscle, produces its contraction. 2 There is the opening of cationic channels as an underlying mechanism. The opening of cationic channels results in influxes of Ca2+ via the channels into the cell and also via voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels which secondarily opened in response to the depolarization, providing an amount of Ca2+ for activation of the contractile proteins. 3 Electrophysiological and pharmacological studies have shown that the cationic channels as well as muscarinic receptors exist in many visceral smooth muscle cells. However, the activation mechanisms of the cationic channels are still unclear. 4 In this article, we summarize the current knowledge of the muscarinic receptor-operated cationic channels, focusing on the receptor subtype, G protein and other signalling molecules that are involved in activation of these channels and on the molecular characteristics of the channel. This will improve strategies aimed at developing new selective pharmacological agents and understanding the activation mechanism and functions of these channels in physiological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Unno
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Science, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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31
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Muroi Y, Ishii T, Komori S, Kitamura N, Nishimura M. Volatile female odors activate the accessory olfactory system of male mice without physical contact. Neuroscience 2006; 141:551-558. [PMID: 16735093 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2005] [Revised: 03/18/2006] [Accepted: 04/16/2006] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that male mice are more attracted to volatile odors from intact female mice than from ovariectomized female mice. In the present study, we investigated male attraction to volatile odors from soiled bedding collected from the cages of estrous or ovariectomized female mice. There was no difference in the total time spent sniffing volatile odors from estrous and ovariectomized female mice, suggesting that female mice emit volatile odors which are not excreted into bedding. To test this possibility, we investigated c-Fos expression in the mitral cell layer and granule cell layer of the accessory olfactory bulb 60 min after exposure of male mice to volatile odors without physical contact. Volatile odors from an estrous female mouse significantly increased the total number of c-Fos positive cells in each of the rostral and caudal granule cell layer, but not in the mitral cell layer. After exposure to volatile odors from estrous bedding, the total number of c-Fos positive cells did not increase. Volatile odors from a male mouse did not increase the total number of c-Fos positive cells. Volatile odors from an ovariectomized female mouse increased c-Fos expression only in the caudal granule cell layer. These results suggest that female mice emit specific volatile odors which are not excreted into bedding, and that the volatile odors activate the accessory olfactory system of male mice without physical contact. To characterize the female-specific volatile odors, we conducted habituation-dishabituation tests. Whereas sham-operated male mice discriminated between volatile odors of estrous and ovariectomized female mice, vomeronasal organ-removed male mice did not. These results suggest that male mice discriminated whether or not female mice were ovariectomized, by volatile odors via the accessory olfactory system, and that the female-specific volatile odors are involved in reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Muroi
- Department of Pathogenetic Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
| | - T Ishii
- Department of Pathogenetic Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; The Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pathobiological Science, School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - S Komori
- Department of Pathogenetic Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - N Kitamura
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; The Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Science, School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - M Nishimura
- Department of Pathogenetic Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; The Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pathobiological Science, School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
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Komori S, Sakata K, Kasumi H, Takenobu T, Uchida K, Fukuoka M, Koyama K. 1141222326 Analysis of effects of androgen on protein profiles in TM4 mouse Sertoli cells by SELDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Am J Reprod Immunol 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.2006.00383_19.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Nakanishi K, Sawai H, Komori S, Koyama K. 1141634395 Analysis of protein profiles of amniotic fluid in a pregnant woman with a fetus of Down syndrome by SELDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Am J Reprod Immunol 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.2006.00383_36.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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34
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Hiramatsu T, Okamura Y, Komori S, Nishimura Y, Iwahashi M, Shibata M, Yuzaki M, Suzuki H, Takeuchi T, Shibuta S. [Effects of additional pulmonary blood flow after bidirectional Glenn procedure]. Kyobu Geka 2006; 59:373-6. [PMID: 16715887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Thirteen cases of functional single ventricle who had undergone bidirectional Glenn procedure were divided into 2 groups according to presence (5) or absence (8) of additional pulmonary blood flow. Additional flow was preserved in cases with relatively small pulmonary artery index (PA index), and their sources were antegrade pulmonary blood flow (2), and Blalock-Taussig (BT) shunt (3). In the control group, PA index was reduced to about 70% of the preoperative value, while in the additional group, pulmonary artery growth was recognized without significant elevation of mean pulmonary artery pressure. However, atrioventricular valve regurgitation progressed and systemic ventricular volume did not decrease after Glenn in the additional group. Therefore special consideration for the timing of Fontan procedure is mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hiramatsu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
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35
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Iwahashi M, Nishimura Y, Hiramatsu K, Komori S, Shibata M, Yuzaki M, Okamura Y. [Evaluation of aortic valve replacement involving small severely calcified aortic annulus in elderly patients]. Kyobu Geka 2006; 59:336-9. [PMID: 16613154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We performed aortic valve replacement in 24 patients aged over 70 with small calcified valves. The surgical management of such patients remains controversial as the extensive calcification compromises implantation. Hence, we used an ultrasonic debridement instrument to remove calcium and selected a small prosthesis with the largest possible orifice without enlargement of the aortic annulus. Echocardiography showed significant reductions in left ventricular mass index compared with preoperative values. Early and mid-term prognosis has been relatively good.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Iwahashi
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Japan
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36
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Hiramatsu T, Okamura Y, Komori S, Nishimura Y, Mori H, Hayashi H, Suzuki H, Takeuchi T. [Jatene procedure with arch repair; usefulness of rapid two-stage repair]. Kyobu Geka 2005; 58:1128-31. [PMID: 16359010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Four cases of Jatene procedure with arch repair were performed since 2000 in our department. Two-stage repair was used in all cases and the extended end-to-end anastomosis and pulmonary artery banding (PAB) were performed in 3 cases as the initial repair. In a recent case of TGA type I with coarctation of the aorta (CoA), only subclavian flap aortoplasty was performed when he was 6-day-old and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) was preserved and rapid two-stage Jatene procedure was performed when he was 8-day-old. There was no hospital or late death, or reoperation. The results of the two-stage Jatene procedure with arch repair was good and safe. Rapid two-stage repair was thought to be a useful choice especially for TGA type I with arch anomaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Hiramatsu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
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37
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Komori S, Hiramatsu T, Okamura Y, Nishimura H, Mori H, Hayashi H, Suzuki H, Takeuchi T. [Blalock-Taussig shunt and pulmonary artery angioplasty for isolated unilateral absence of the right pulmonary artery; report of a case]. Kyobu Geka 2005; 58:1069-72. [PMID: 16281858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A 7-month-old girl was referred to us for further examination of absence of the right pulmonary artery. She had no symptom at that time. Diagnosis was made by chest computed tomography (CT) and cardiac catheterization. Though the size of the right pulmonary artery was not apparent, right pulmonary vein wedge angiography revealed the distal portion of right pulmonary artery sufficient for surgical repair. But the distance between the pulmonary trunk and right pulmonary artery was too far to perform direct anastomosis, and some systemic collaterals had already been recognized. Pulmonary vasculature was also not inadequate. Therefore we planned a palliative procedure. At the age of 7 months, right modified Blalock-Tausig shunt using 5mm expand-polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) tube and angioplasty of the distal portion of right pulmonary artery using autologous pericardium roll with Dacron mesh was performed. Postoperative course was uneventful. She has been followed up for 6 months after the palliation. In the near future the completion of the definitive repair will be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Komori
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
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38
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Hayashi H, Nishimura Y, Mori H, Komori S, Hiramatsu T, Okamura Y. [Sutureless technique for oozing type postinfarction left ventricular free wall rupture]. Kyobu Geka 2005; 58:267-70. [PMID: 15828244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We report our experience using a sutureless technique for oozing type postinfarction left ventricular free wall rupture. Several materials such as fibrin seat, autologous or heterologous pericardial patch, fibrin glue, and geratin-resorcin-formaldehyde (GRF) glue have been used. Nine patients, who developed postinfarction left ventricular free wall rupture, underwent surgical repair using a sutureless technique between 1999 and 2004. All patients survived and discharged our hospital without any postoperative complications. And all are alive an exellent condition in 5 to 44 months. A sutureless technique for the treatment of oozing type postinfarction left ventricular free wall rupture is simple, effective, and associated with a favorable outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Hayashi
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
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39
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Sugita T, Takeo K, Hama K, Virtudazo E, Takashima M, Nishikawa A, Kucsera J, Dorogi J, Komori S, Nakagaki K, Vollekova A, Slavikova E, Farkas V. DNA sequence diversity of intergenic spacer 1 region in the non-lipid-dependent speciesMalasseziapachydermatisisolated from animals. Med Mycol 2005; 43:21-6. [PMID: 15712605 DOI: 10.1080/1369378042000193185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-lipid-dependent species Malassezia pachydermatis is frequently isolated from animals. We analyzed the DNA sequences of the intergenic spacer (IGS) 1 region, which is the most variable region in the rRNA gene, of 43 M. pachydermatis strains obtained from dogs or cats. The lengths of the IGS 1 regions ranged from 552 to 898 bp and, based on the nucleotide sequence, these IGS 1 regions were divided into three major groups with 10 subtypes. Group 1 (552-601 bp long) was characterized by the short sequence repeat (CAGCA)n and had four to 14 repeats, and Group 3 (749-898 bp long), which included the neotype strain of M. pachydermatis, was characterized by the sequence (CAGCATAACATAACACACAACA)n in the IGS1 region. Group 2 possessed partial sequences of both Groups 1 and 3. Each group shared only 41.7-55.4% similarity in the IGS1 region with the other groups. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and D1/D2 26S rDNA in the rRNA gene were also sequenced for representative strains in each IGS group. The groups were distinguished by both ITS (698-712 bp long including 5.8S rDNA) and D1/D2 26S rDNA (624 bp long) sequences with sequence similarities of 91.7-96.0% and 99.7-99.0%, respectively. Our results indicate that the sequence of the IGS region of M. pachydermatis has a remarkable intraspecies diversity, compared with ITS or D1/D2 26S rDNA, and that multiple genotypic strains of M. pachydermatis colonize animal skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sugita
- Department of Microbiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Tokyo, Japan.
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Yan HD, Okamoto H, Unno T, Tsytsyura YD, Prestwich SA, Komori S, Zholos AV, Bolton TB. Effects of G-protein-specific antibodies and G beta gamma subunits on the muscarinic receptor-operated cation current in guinea-pig ileal smooth muscle cells. Br J Pharmacol 2003; 139:605-15. [PMID: 12788820 PMCID: PMC1573886 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) The effects on the whole-cell carbachol-induced muscarinic cationic current (mIcat) of antibodies against the alpha-subunits of various G proteins, as well as the effect of a Gbetagamma subunit, were studied in single guinea-pig ileal smooth muscle cells voltage-clamped at -50 mV. Ionized intracellular calcium concentration, [Ca(2+)](i), was clamped at 100 nM using a 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxyl-ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid)/Ca(2+) mixture. (2) Application of ascending concentrations of carbachol (1-300 micro M) activated mIcat (mean amplitude 0.83 nA at 300 micro M carbachol; EC(50) 8 micro M; Hill slope 1.0). A 20 min or longer intracellular application via the pipette solution of G(i3)/G(o) or G(o) antibodies resulted in about a 70% depression of the maximum response without change in the EC(50) value. In contrast, antibodies against alpha-subunits of G(i1), G(i1)/G(i2), G(i3), G(q)/G(11) or G(s) protein over a similar or longer period did not significantly reduce mIcat. Antibodies to common Gbeta or infusion of the Gbetagamma subunit itself had no effect on mIcat. (3) If cells were exposed briefly to carbachol (50 or 100 micro M) at early times (<3 min) after infusion of antibodies to Galpha(i3)/Galpha(o) or to Galpha(o) had begun, carbachol responses remained unchanged even after 20-60 min; that is, the depression of mIcat by these antibodies was prevented. (4) These data show that Galpha(o) protein couples the muscarinic receptor to the cationic channel in guinea-pig ileal longitudinal smooth muscle and that Gbetagamma is not involved. They also show that prior activation of the muscarinic receptor presumably causes a long-lasting postactivation change of the G protein, which is not reflected in mIcat, but acts to hinder antibody binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- H -D Yan
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - H Okamoto
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - T Unno
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Ya D Tsytsyura
- Department of Nerve-Muscle Physiology, A.A. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kiev 01024, Ukraine
| | - S A Prestwich
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, St. George's Hospital Medical School, London SW17 ORE
| | - S Komori
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - A V Zholos
- Department of Nerve-Muscle Physiology, A.A. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kiev 01024, Ukraine
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, St. George's Hospital Medical School, London SW17 ORE
- Author for correspondence:
| | - T B Bolton
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, St. George's Hospital Medical School, London SW17 ORE
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Hasegawa A, Fu Y, Tsubamoto H, Tsuji Y, Sawai H, Komori S, Koyama K. Epitope analysis for human sperm-immobilizing monoclonal antibodies, MAb H6-3C4, 1G12 and campath-1. Mol Hum Reprod 2003; 9:337-43. [PMID: 12771234 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gag045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human monoclonal antibody, MAb H6-3C4, possesses strong sperm immobilizing activity. MAb H6-3C4 has been suggested by several research groups to react with a carbohydrate moiety of male reproductive tract CD52 (mrtCD52). In the present study, we analysed the epitope on mrtCD52 for MAb H6-3C4 and found that it was polymorphic in Western blot analysis and disappeared after enzymatic removal of the N-linked carbohydrate moiety. Two other monoclonal antibodies (1G12, campath-1) with sperm-immobilizing activity recognized mrtCD52 in a polymorphic manner similar to MAb H6-3C4. Further analysis showed that 1G12 recognized a structure formed by the peptide and/or a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor portion as does campath-1. Results of a lectin binding assay suggested the presence of O-linked carbohydrates on mrtCD52. Our results also indicated that the peptide portion of CD52 could serve as an epitope for sperm-immobilizing antibodies. It was concluded that the epitope of MAb H6-3C4 is similar to, but distinct from, those of 1G12 and campath-1, and that mrtCD52 contains different antigenic epitopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hasegawa
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Reproduction, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nishinomiya, Japan
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Unno T, Kwon SC, Okamoto H, Irie Y, Kato Y, Matsuyama H, Komori S. Receptor signaling mechanisms underlying muscarinic agonist-evoked contraction in guinea-pig ileal longitudinal smooth muscle. Br J Pharmacol 2003; 139:337-50. [PMID: 12770939 PMCID: PMC1573862 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
1 In guinea-pig ileal longitudinal muscle, muscarinic partial agonists, 4-(N-[3-chlorophenyl]-carbomoyloxy)-2-butynyl-trimethylammonium (McN-A343) and pilocarpine, each produced parallel increases in tension and cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]c) with a higher EC(50) than that of the full agonist carbachol. The maximum response of [Ca(2+)]c or tension was not much different among the three agonists. The Ca(2+) channel blocker nicardipine markedly inhibited the effects of all three agonists 2 The contractile response to any agonist was antagonized in a competitive manner by M(2) receptor selective antagonists (N,N'-bis[6-[[(2-methoyphenyl)methyl]amino]hexyl]-1,8-octanediamine tetrahydrochloride and 11-[[2-[(diethlamino)methyl]-1-piperidinyl]acetyl]-5,11-dihydro-6H-pyrido[2,3-b][1,4] benzodiazepine-6-one), and the apparent order of M(2) antagonist sensitivity was McN-A343>pilocarpine>carbachol. M(3) receptor selective antagonists, 1,1-dimethyl-4-diphenylacetoxypiperidinium iodide and darifenacin, both severely depressed the maximum response for McN-A343, while darifenacin had a similar action in the case of pilocarpine. Both M(3) antagonists behaved in a competitive manner in the case of the carbachol response. 3 McN-A343 failed to release Ca(2+) from the intracellular stores, and the Ca(2+)-releasing action of pilocarpine was very weak compared with that of carbachol. All three agonists were capable of increasing Ca(2+) sensitivity of the contractile proteins. 4 McN-A343 rarely produced membrane depolarization, but always accelerated electrical spike discharge. Pilocarpine effect was more often accompanied by membrane depolarization, as was usually seen using carbachol. 5 The results suggest that muscarinic agonist-evoked contractions result primarily from the integration of Ca(2+) entry associated with the increased spike discharge and myofilaments Ca(2+) sensitization, and that Ca(2+) store release may contribute to the contraction indirectly via potentiation of the electrical membrane responses. They may also support the idea that an interaction of M(2) and M(3) receptors plays a crucial role in mediating the contraction response.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Unno
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - S-C Kwon
- Department of Physiology, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Kangwondo 210-701, Korea
| | - H Okamoto
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Y Irie
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Y Kato
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - H Matsuyama
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - S Komori
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
- Author for correspondence:
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Unno T, Okamoto H, Arima D, Suzuki M, Matsuyama H, Komori S. Possible Involvement of Phospholipase C in Activation of the Muscarinic Receptor-Mediated Cation Current in Intestinal Smooth Muscle. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2003. [DOI: 10.1023/b:neph.0000008830.61977.ee] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Matsuyama H, Unno T, El-Mahmoudy AM, Komori S, Kobayashi H, Thapaliya S, Takewaki T. Peptidergic and nitrergic inhibitory neurotransmissions in the hamster jejunum: regulation of vasoactive intestinal peptide release by nitric oxide. Neuroscience 2002; 110:779-88. [PMID: 11934484 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4522(01)00580-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) release by nitric oxide (NO) was investigated in the hamster jejunum. Electrical field stimulation and applied NO (3-100 microM) evoked biphasic hyperpolarizations consisting of an initial transient hyperpolarizing component followed by a second more slowly developing component (late component). The NO synthase inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (200 microM) abolished the biphasic inhibitory junction potential evoked by electrical field stimulation. The NO scavenger oxyhemoglobin (50 microM) and the guanylate cyclase inhibitor 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo-[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ; 10 microM) abolished both components of the inhibitory junction potentials and the NO-induced hyperpolarizations. VIP(6-28) (1 microM), which abolished VIP (3 microM)-induced hyperpolarizations, also inhibited the late components of the inhibitory junction potentials and the NO-induced hyperpolarizations. ODQ inhibited VIP release and cAMP production by electrical field stimulation and NO application. N(6)-2,0-Dibutyryladenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (0.1-3 mM) caused a membrane hyperpolarization. These results suggest that NO may stimulate VIP release from enteric nerves in the hamster jejunum. In addition, we propose that NO and NO-stimulated VIP contribute to the early and late components of the inhibitory junction potentials, respectively, in the circular smooth muscle cells of the hamster jejunum.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Matsuyama
- Department of Pathogenetic Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu, Japan
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Okamoto H, Prestwich SA, Asai S, Unno T, Bolton TB, Komori S. Muscarinic agonist potencies at three different effector systems linked to the M(2) or M(3) receptor in longitudinal smooth muscle of guinea-pig small intestine. Br J Pharmacol 2002; 135:1765-75. [PMID: 11934818 PMCID: PMC1573307 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0704642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
1. The abilities of muscarinic agonists (arecoline, bethanechol, carbachol, McN-A343, methacholine, pilocarpine) to inhibit isoprenaline-induced cyclic AMP production in chopped fragments (via M(2) receptors), and to evoke cationic current (I(cat)) (via M(2) receptors) or calcium store release (via M3 receptors) in enzyme-dispersed, single voltage-clamped cells from longitudinal smooth muscle of the guinea-pig small intestine were examined. 2. All muscarinic agonists (1 - 300 microM) examined inhibited isoprenaline (1 microM)-induced accumulation of cyclic AMP, the IC(50) varying from 52 to 248 microM. However, their relative potencies to evoke this M(2) effect were not significantly correlated with their ability to evoke I(cat), also a M(2) effect, whether or not calcium stores were depleted; pilocarpine and McN-A343 inhibited the I(cat) response to carbachol. 3. Muscarinic agonists (concentration 300 or 1000 microM), except pilocarpine and McN-A343 which were ineffective, evoked Ca(2+)-activated K(+) current (I(K-Ca)) resulting from Ca(2+) store release (M(3) effect). Their effectiveness was tested by estimating residual stored calcium by subsequent application of caffeine (10 mM). The relative potencies to evoke Ca(2+) store release (M(3)) and for I(cat) activation (M(2)) were closely correlated (P<0.001). 4. These data might be explained if M(2)-mediated adenylyl cyclase inhibition and I(cat) activation involve different G proteins, or involve different populations of M(2) receptors. The observed correlation of agonist potency between I(cat) activation and Ca(2+) store release supports the proposal (Zholos & Bolton, 1997) that M(3) activation can potentiate M(2)-cationic channel coupling through Ca(2+)-independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Okamoto
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - S A Prestwich
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, St. George's Hospital Medical School, London SW7 ORE
| | - S Asai
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
- Author for correspondence:
| | - T Unno
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - T B Bolton
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, St. George's Hospital Medical School, London SW7 ORE
| | - S Komori
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
- Author for correspondence:
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Unno T, Inaba Y, Ohashi H, Komori S. Inhibitory effects of organotin compounds on voltage-dependent, tetrodotoxin-resistant Na+ channel current in guinea pig dorsal root ganglion cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2002; 16:141-50. [PMID: 11869876 DOI: 10.1016/s0887-2333(01)00114-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The effects of organotin compounds on voltage-dependent, tetrodotoxin (TTX)-resistant Na+ channel current (I(Na)) in single cells isolated from guinea pig dorsal root ganglion were investigated using a whole cell patch clamp technique. Extracellular application of tributyltin (TBT) inhibited I(Na) in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 of 7.2 microM. TBT (100 microM), when applied intracellularly, was without effect. Triphenyltin (TPT, 100 microM) and dibutyltin (DBT, 100 microM), applied extracellularly, inhibited I(Na) with an efficacy ranking of TBT>TPT>DBT. Monobutyltin (100 microM), whether applied externally or internally, had little effect on I(Na). TBT (30 microM) significantly prolonged both time to peak and half-decay time of I(Na) and shifted the activation curve of I(Na) in the positive direction without changing the slope. No such effect was produced by TPT (100 microM). The results indicate that organotin compounds inhibit voltage-dependent, TTX-resistant Na+ channel activity and suggest that the inhibitory action may account, at least in part, for their neurotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Unno
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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Abstract
A five-year-old West Highland white terrier dog was admitted to the teaching hospital of Nippon Veterinary and Animal Science University due to swelling and pain of the foot pads. Examinations revealed that the dog had renal failure and calcinosis circumscripta on its foot pads. The diagnosis was metastatic calcinosis circumscripta secondary to renal failure. An oral charcoal adsorbent (Kremezin) was used to treat this condition. Following this treatment, a significant decrease in the Ca x P value (the serum calcium level x the serum phosphorus level) was observed, and the dog's condition improved dramatically. This case suggests that charcoal adsorbent (Kremezin) may be useful for treating metastatic calcinosis circumscripta in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Komori
- Nippon Veterinary and Animal Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, Japan
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Okuno A, Komori S, Sakata K, Nakata Y, Tsuji Y, Koyama K, Kameda T. Genetic analysis of a variant luteinizing hormone in an infertile woman. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2001; 265:148-50. [PMID: 11561744 DOI: 10.1007/s004040000148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In a woman with infertility and an endometrial polyp, we analyzed the nucleotide sequence of the beta-subunit of her luteinizing hormone which showed anomalous immunogenecity in that it was recognized by time resolved-fluoroimmunoassay but not by immunoradiometric assay. The sequence analysis showed two substitutional mutations of beta-subunit Trp (TGG) to Arg (CGG) and Ile (ATC) to Thr (ACC). The variant luteinizing hormone might have had some relation to the infertility and the endometrial polyp. been described [2, 4, 13-15]. Although the role of the variant LH is still unclear, it has different biologicl activity as compared to normal LH and may play a role in causing infertility, menstrual disorder, endometriosis and spontaneous miscarriage [1, 3, 4, 9, 10, 17]. We now report a study of the DNA sequence of beta-subunit of anomalous LH in an infertile patient with an endometrial polyp.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Okuno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
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Osada M, Takeda S, Ogawa R, Komori S, Tamura K. T lymphocyte activation and restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2001; 21:219-21. [PMID: 11359652 DOI: 10.1089/107999001750169835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the relation between the activation of T lymphocytes and the occurrence of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in 10 stable angina patients. Recent studies have suggested that PTCA causes an inflammatory response, which may affect restenosis after angioplasty. Soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) is a useful marker to evaluate the activation of T lymphocytes. sIL-2R was measured before and 2 h after successful PTCA, and 3-month follow-up coronary angiography was done to observe restenosis. Four of 10 patients showed restenosis. The restenosis group of 4 patients had a higher level of sIL-2R after PTCA than the no-restenosis group of 6 patients (495 vs. 274 U/ml, p < 0.01). This study suggests that sIL-2R may offer prognostic information after elective PTCA and identify a subgroup of patients at high risk for clinical restenosis in a few months.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Osada
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Yamanashi Medical University, Nakakoma-gun, Yamanashi, Japan.
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Nagasawa Y, Komori S, Sato M, Tsuboi Y, Umetani K, Watanabe Y, Tamura K. Effects of hot bath immersion on autonomic activity and hemodynamics: comparison of the elderly patient and the healthy young. Jpn Circ J 2001; 65:587-92. [PMID: 11446490 DOI: 10.1253/jcj.65.587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hot bathing has been associated with sudden death and so the present study investigated its effects on autonomic activity and hemodynamics in the elderly patient and the healthy young by analyzing heart rate variability (HRV). Subjects were 9 elderly men (mean age, 75 years) and 9 young men (mean age, 27 years), who were immersed up to shoulder level while in a sitting position for 10min with the bath temperature at 40 degrees C. Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were monitored. BP in the young decreased during bathing (p<0.01), whereas in the elderly BP had a maximum value just at the start of immersion (p<0.05) with a slight decline at 4 min after the start of immersion. Although HR in the young increased (p<0.01), in the elderly there was an abrupt increase in HR just at the start of immersion (p<0.05), followed by a decrease in HR. With regard to HRV, the high-frequency (HF) component in the young men was suppressed during immersion (p<0.01), but was unaffected in the elderly. The LF (low frequency)/HF ratio in the elderly decreased at 4 min (p<0.05). In conclusion, hypotensive syncope may cause sudden death by drowning during hot bathing, and is a consequence of the decrease in sympathetic tone that develops approximately 4min after immersion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nagasawa
- Department of Human Science and Fundamentals of Nursing, Yamanashi Medical University, Nakakoma-gun, Japan.
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