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Gray TJ, Allmond JM, Xu Z, King TT, Lubna RS, Crawford HL, Tripathi V, Crider BP, Grzywacz R, Liddick SN, Macchiavelli AO, Miyagi T, Poves A, Andalib A, Argo E, Benetti C, Bhattacharya S, Campbell CM, Carpenter MP, Chan J, Chester A, Christie J, Clark BR, Cox I, Doetsch AA, Dopfer J, Duarte JG, Fallon P, Frotscher A, Gaballah T, Harke JT, Heideman J, Huegen H, Holt JD, Jain R, Kitamura N, Kolos K, Kondev FG, Laminack A, Longfellow B, Luitel S, Madurga M, Mahajan R, Mogannam MJ, Morse C, Neupane S, Nowicki A, Ogunbeku TH, Ong WJ, Porzio C, Prokop CJ, Rasco BC, Ronning EK, Rubino E, Ruland TJ, Rykaczewski KP, Schaedig L, Seweryniak D, Siegl K, Singh M, Stuchbery AE, Tabor SL, Tang TL, Wheeler T, Winger JA, Wood JL. Microsecond Isomer at the N=20 Island of Shape Inversion Observed at FRIB. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:242501. [PMID: 37390416 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.242501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Excited-state spectroscopy from the first experiment at the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) is reported. A 24(2)-μs isomer was observed with the FRIB Decay Station initiator (FDSi) through a cascade of 224- and 401-keV γ rays in coincidence with ^{32}Na nuclei. This is the only known microsecond isomer (1 μs≤T_{1/2}<1 ms) in the region. This nucleus is at the heart of the N=20 island of shape inversion and is at the crossroads of the spherical shell-model, deformed shell-model, and ab initio theories. It can be represented as the coupling of a proton hole and neutron particle to ^{32}Mg, ^{32}Mg+π^{-1}+ν^{+1}. This odd-odd coupling and isomer formation provides a sensitive measure of the underlying shape degrees of freedom of ^{32}Mg, where the onset of spherical-to-deformed shape inversion begins with a low-lying deformed 2^{+} state at 885 keV and a low-lying shape-coexisting 0_{2}^{+} state at 1058 keV. We suggest two possible explanations for the 625-keV isomer in ^{32}Na: a 6^{-} spherical shape isomer that decays by E2 or a 0^{+} deformed spin isomer that decays by M2. The present results and calculations are most consistent with the latter, indicating that the low-lying states are dominated by deformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Gray
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - J M Allmond
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Z Xu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| | - T T King
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - R S Lubna
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H L Crawford
- Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - V Tripathi
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - B P Crider
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - R Grzywacz
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| | - S N Liddick
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A O Macchiavelli
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - T Miyagi
- Department of Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
- ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Poves
- Departamento de Fìsica Teórica and IFT-UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Andalib
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - E Argo
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - C Benetti
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - S Bhattacharya
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - C M Campbell
- Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M P Carpenter
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - J Chan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| | - A Chester
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J Christie
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| | - B R Clark
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - I Cox
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| | - A A Doetsch
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J Dopfer
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J G Duarte
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - P Fallon
- Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Frotscher
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - T Gaballah
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - J T Harke
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J Heideman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| | - H Huegen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| | - J D Holt
- TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
- Department of Physics, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec City H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - R Jain
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - N Kitamura
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| | - K Kolos
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - F G Kondev
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A Laminack
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - B Longfellow
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - S Luitel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - M Madurga
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| | - R Mahajan
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - M J Mogannam
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - C Morse
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - S Neupane
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| | - A Nowicki
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| | - T H Ogunbeku
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - W-J Ong
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - C Porzio
- Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C J Prokop
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - B C Rasco
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - E K Ronning
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - E Rubino
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - T J Ruland
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K P Rykaczewski
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - L Schaedig
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - D Seweryniak
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - K Siegl
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| | - M Singh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| | - A E Stuchbery
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Accelerator Applications, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
| | - S L Tabor
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - T L Tang
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - T Wheeler
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J A Winger
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - J L Wood
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0430, USA
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Hensel ME, Landsgaard K, Wang W, Neupane S, Su C, Blue-McClendon A, Porter BF, Uzal FA, Rech R. Toxoplasmosis in ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) and a peahen (Pavo cristatus) in a zoological collection caused by the common toxoplasma genotype in wild animals in the US. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2023; 41:100876. [PMID: 37208075 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2023.100876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is caused by the ubiquitous Apicomplexan protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. This pathogen affects domestic and wildlife species, but prosimians including ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) are highly susceptible to infection with high mortality rates. Avian species are considered resistant to infection and are often used in surveillance efforts to determine genotypes of T. gondii present in geographical areas. This study describes the gross and histologic lesions of an outbreak of toxoplasmosis in a university-run zoological collection involving three ring-tailed lemurs and a peahen (Pavo cristatus). DNA was extracted from the liver of the lemurs and peahen to determine the genotype of T. gondii by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), which revealed that all samples were ToxoDB PCR-RFLP genotype #5 (haplogroup 12) that is common in wildlife in North America.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Hensel
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, United States of America; Department of Comparative Medicine, Michale E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX 78602, United States of America
| | - K Landsgaard
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, United States of America
| | - W Wang
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-0845, United States of America
| | - S Neupane
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, United States of America
| | - C Su
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-0845, United States of America
| | - A Blue-McClendon
- Department of Veterinary Physiology & Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States of America
| | - B F Porter
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, United States of America
| | - F A Uzal
- California Animal Health and Food Safety, University of California-Davis, San Bernardino, CA 92408, United States of America
| | - R Rech
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, United States of America.
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Miller LC, Neupane S, Shrestha M, Joshi N, Lohani M, Thorne-Lyman A. Better Social-emotional Behavior in Young Nepali Children is Associated with Household Wealth, Child Age, and Family Participation in a Community Development Intervention. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2023; 21:197-206. [PMID: 38628015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Background Mental health and behavior problems are under-recognized in low- and middleincome countries, especially in young children. Early identification of these problems could encourage governments to address the shortages of child mental health professionals and promote early intervention programs to help children achieve their full developmental potential. Objective Describe the social-emotional development of young rural Nepali children; explore risk factors for poor development. Method The study was embedded in a longitudinal intervention trial comparing control households with those who received training in family nutrition+livestock management (Partial Package) or family nutrition+livestock management+community mobilization (Full Package). At midline, enumerators completed a 145-item household questionnaire, child anthropometry, and Administered the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-Social-Emotional (ASQ-SE) to all enrolled children age 33-47 months (n=310). Bivariate and regression analyses examined the relationship of child and household risk factors to administered the Ages and Stages QuestionnaireSocial-Emotional scores. Result Administered the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-Social-Emotional scores were below age cutoffs in 24% of children, suggesting worse social-emotional development. In bivariate analyses and the adjusted linear regression model, older child age, greater household wealth, and Full Package Intervention status were all associated with better social-emotional development scores. Partial Package Intervention status was associated with worse scores. Conclusion The Administered the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-Social-Emotional is a potential tool to assess child social-emotional development in the context of household and community level interventions. Further work is necessary to validate the administered the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-Social-Emotional and similar tools in Nepal, and to better understand the prevalence of challenges to optimal socialemotional development in young children in order to use this information to design and monitor needed interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, Tufts Medical Center and Friedman School of Nutrition, Science and Policy, Tufts University, 800 Washington St., Boston MA 02111, USA
| | - S Neupane
- Program Manager,Division of Poverty, Health, and Nutrition. International Food Policy Research Institute, Block C, NASC Complex, DPS Marg Opposite Todapur, Pusa, New Delhi 110012
| | - M Shrestha
- Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - N Joshi
- Senior Director of Asia Programs, Heifer International, 1 World Ave, Little Rock AR 72202, USA
| | - M Lohani
- Senior Vice President of Programs, Heifer International, 1 World Ave, Little Rock AR 72202, USA
| | - A Thorne-Lyman
- Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Room E2545, Baltimore, MD, 21205 USA
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Neupane S, K C P, Kyrönlahti S, Siukola A, Kosonen H, Lumme-Sandt K, Nikander P, Nygård CH. Development and validation of sustainable employability index among older employees. Occup Med (Lond) 2023; 73:19-25. [PMID: 36637864 PMCID: PMC9927810 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqac120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sustainable employability (SE) has become an important factor for keeping people in the labour market and enabling the extension of working life. AIMS We developed and validated an SE index to predict assured workability in 2 years. Additionally, we developed a scoring tool to use in practice. METHODS A questionnaire survey of postal employees aged ≥50 years was conducted in 2016 and followed up in 2018 (n = 1102). The data were divided into training and validation sets. The outcome was defined as whether the employees had an assured workability after 2 years or not. Multivariable log-binomial regression was used to calculate the SE index. The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to assess the discriminative power of the index. RESULTS The probability of assured workability increased with increasing quintiles of the SE index. The highest quintiles of the SE index showed the highest observed and expected assured workability in 2 years. The predictive ability, area under the curve (AUC) for training was 0.79 (95% CI 0.75-0.83) and for validation data was 0.76 (95% CI 0.73-0.80). In the scoring tool, the self-rated health, workability, job satisfaction and perceived employment had the highest contribution to the index. CONCLUSIONS The SE index was able to distinguish the employees based on whether they had assured workability after 2 years. The scoring method could be used to calculate the potentiality of future employability among late midlife postal employees.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Neupane
- Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere FI-33014, Finland
- Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere FI-33014, Finland
| | - P K C
- Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere FI-33014, Finland
- Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere FI-33014, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku FI-20014, Finland
- Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
| | - S Kyrönlahti
- Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere FI-33014, Finland
- Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere FI-33014, Finland
| | - A Siukola
- Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere FI-33014, Finland
- Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere FI-33014, Finland
| | - H Kosonen
- Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere FI-33014, Finland
- Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere FI-33014, Finland
| | - K Lumme-Sandt
- Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere FI-33014, Finland
- Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere FI-33014, Finland
| | - P Nikander
- Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere FI-33014, Finland
| | - C H Nygård
- Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere FI-33014, Finland
- Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere FI-33014, Finland
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Crawford HL, Tripathi V, Allmond JM, Crider BP, Grzywacz R, Liddick SN, Andalib A, Argo E, Benetti C, Bhattacharya S, Campbell CM, Carpenter MP, Chan J, Chester A, Christie J, Clark BR, Cox I, Doetsch AA, Dopfer J, Duarte JG, Fallon P, Frotscher A, Gaballah T, Gray TJ, Harke JT, Heideman J, Heugen H, Jain R, King TT, Kitamura N, Kolos K, Kondev FG, Laminack A, Longfellow B, Lubna RS, Luitel S, Madurga M, Mahajan R, Mogannam MJ, Morse C, Neupane S, Nowicki A, Ogunbeku TH, Ong WJ, Porzio C, Prokop CJ, Rasco BC, Ronning EK, Rubino E, Ruland TJ, Rykaczewski KP, Schaedig L, Seweryniak D, Siegl K, Singh M, Tabor SL, Tang TL, Wheeler T, Winger JA, Xu Z. Crossing N=28 Toward the Neutron Drip Line: First Measurement of Half-Lives at FRIB. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:212501. [PMID: 36461950 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.212501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
New half-lives for exotic isotopes approaching the neutron drip-line in the vicinity of N∼28 for Z=12-15 were measured at the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) with the FRIB decay station initiator. The first experimental results are compared to the latest quasiparticle random phase approximation and shell-model calculations. Overall, the measured half-lives are consistent with the available theoretical descriptions and suggest a well-developed region of deformation below ^{48}Ca in the N=28 isotones. The erosion of the Z=14 subshell closure in Si is experimentally confirmed at N=28, and a reduction in the ^{38}Mg half-life is observed as compared with its isotopic neighbors, which does not seem to be predicted well based on the decay energy and deformation trends. This highlights the need for both additional data in this very exotic region, and for more advanced theoretical efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Crawford
- Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - V Tripathi
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - J M Allmond
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - B P Crider
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - R Grzywacz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| | - S N Liddick
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A Andalib
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - E Argo
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - C Benetti
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - S Bhattacharya
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - C M Campbell
- Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M P Carpenter
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - J Chan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| | - A Chester
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J Christie
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| | - B R Clark
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - I Cox
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| | - A A Doetsch
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J Dopfer
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J G Duarte
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - P Fallon
- Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Frotscher
- Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - T Gaballah
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - T J Gray
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - J T Harke
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J Heideman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| | - H Heugen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| | - R Jain
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - T T King
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - N Kitamura
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| | - K Kolos
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - F G Kondev
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A Laminack
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - B Longfellow
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R S Lubna
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S Luitel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - M Madurga
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| | - R Mahajan
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - M J Mogannam
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - C Morse
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - S Neupane
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| | - A Nowicki
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| | - T H Ogunbeku
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - W-J Ong
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - C Porzio
- Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C J Prokop
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - B C Rasco
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - E K Ronning
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - E Rubino
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - T J Ruland
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K P Rykaczewski
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - L Schaedig
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - D Seweryniak
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - K Siegl
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| | - M Singh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| | - S L Tabor
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - T L Tang
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - T Wheeler
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J A Winger
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - Z Xu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
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Shakya S, Neupane S, Absetz P. Two-decade trends and factors associated with overweight and obesity among young adults in Nepal. Eur J Public Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac131.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Young adults are vulnerable to obesity due to different life stresses and challenges, leading to risks of cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Studies on the long-term trends of overweight and obesity, especially among young people in Nepal are scanty. The problems among this productive age group should be checked and prevented at the earliest. The study aimed to assess more than two decades of trends from 1996 to 2019 of overweight and obesity among Nepalese young adults (18-29 years) and the socio-demographic factors associated with it.
Methods
We utilized data from the nationwide Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) and WHO STEPwise approach to surveillance (STEPS) survey. These surveys adopted multistage stratified cluster sampling techniques and used house-to-house structured interviews for data collection. We assessed the prevalence of overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI≥30 kg/m2) in 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011, 2012, 2016, and 2019 among 18,714 young adults in total, and evaluated the associated socio-demographic factors from the 2016 survey, using logistic regression model.
Results
The preliminary study findings showed that from 1996 to 2019, overweight in women increased from 1.5% to 17.0%, and obesity from 0.1% to 3.4%. For men, overweight rose from 14.4% to 16.6%, and obesity from 1.3% to 2.5% from 2012 to 2019. Higher age was associated with higher odds of overweight and obesity compared to a younger age. Men were less likely to have overweight (AOR: 0.68, CI: 0.53-0.88) and obesity (AOR: 0.42, CI: 0.23-0.78) compared to women. Moreover, urban residents had higher odds of having obesity (AOR: 2.35, CI: 1.25-4.44) compared to rural residents.
Conclusions
Overweight and obesity have rising trends among young adults in Nepal. Older age, female and urban residence were associated with higher odds of overweight and obesity. Therefore, the interventions targeted to the risk groups can help in curbing the increasing obesity trends in Nepal.
Key messages
• The information on trends and the factors associated with overweight and obesity may help to identify needs and opportunities to halt the rising obesity trend and prevent risk factors.
• The study findings can guide in formulating a national strategy to combat overweight and obesity among Nepalese youths.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shakya
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University , Tampere, Finland
| | - S Neupane
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University , Tampere, Finland
| | - P Absetz
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University , Tampere, Finland
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7
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Bista SS, Li DB, Awni RA, Song Z, Subedi KK, Shrestha N, Rijal S, Neupane S, Grice CR, Phillips AB, Ellingson RJ, Heben M, Li JV, Yan Y. Effects of Cu Precursor on the Performance of Efficient CdTe Solar Cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:38432-38440. [PMID: 34347421 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c11784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) incorporation is a key process for fabricating efficient CdTe-based thin-film solar cells and has been used in CdTe-based solar cell module manufacturing. Here, we investigate the effects of different Cu precursors on the performance of CdTe-based thin-film solar cells by incorporating Cu using a metallic Cu source (evaporated Cu) and ionic Cu sources (solution-processed cuprous chloride (CuCl) and copper chloride (CuCl2)). We find that ionic Cu precursors offer much better control in Cu diffusion than the metallic Cu precursor, producing better front junction quality, lower back-barrier heights, and better bulk defect property. Finally, outperforming power conversion efficiencies of 17.2 and 17.5% are obtained for devices with cadmium sulfide and zinc magnesium oxide as the front window layers, respectively, which are among the highest reported CdTe solar cells efficiencies. Our results suggest that an ionic Cu precursor is preferred as the dopant to fabricate efficient CdTe thin-film solar cells and modules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip S Bista
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization (PVIC), University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Deng-Bing Li
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization (PVIC), University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Rasha A Awni
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization (PVIC), University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Zhaoning Song
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization (PVIC), University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Kamala K Subedi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization (PVIC), University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Niraj Shrestha
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization (PVIC), University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Suman Rijal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization (PVIC), University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Sabin Neupane
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization (PVIC), University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Corey R Grice
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization (PVIC), University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Adam B Phillips
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization (PVIC), University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Randy J Ellingson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization (PVIC), University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Michael Heben
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization (PVIC), University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Jian V Li
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, 70101 Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yanfa Yan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization (PVIC), University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
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Kyrönlahti S, Nygård CH, Neupane S. Back pain trajectories from midlife to retirement as a predictor of old age mobility and disability. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.1109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Low back pain (LBP) is a leading cause for mobility limitations and disability at older age. However, little is known about the developmental pathways of LBP and its associations with old age mobility and disability. We studied trajectories of LBP from midlife to retirement (16-years follow-up) and assessed the association after 12 years with mobility limitations and disability in activities of daily living (ADL) at old age.
Methods
Finnish municipal employees were studied at baseline in 1981 and followed for 28 years. A total of 6257 persons aged 44-58 years, answered a questionnaire on health, work ability, and working conditions. Follow-up data on frequency of LBP (never, occasionally, consistently) was collected similarly at four waves. The study population consisted of persons who answered questions about LBP at baseline and at least in one of the follow-up waves and had information about ADL disability (n = 2787) and mobility limitations (n = 2723) at the 28-year follow-up. Latent class growth curve analysis was used to study LBP trajectories. Odds ratios (OR) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations of LBP trajectory with ADL disability and mobility limitations were estimated using multivariable logistic regression.
Results
We identified two trajectories of LBP: high (77%) and low (23%). People in the high trajectory group had 2.35 times higher odds (95% CI 1.88- 2.97) of ADL disability and 1.86 times higher odds (95% CI 1.56-2.22) of mobility limitations as compared to the low trajectory group. Effects were attenuated by adjustment for lifestyle factors and chronic conditions but remained statistically significant for both outcomes [OR 1.74 (95% CI 1.37-2.24) and 1.44 (1.18-1.77), respectively].
Conclusions
High LBP experienced during midlife may have far reached consequences on well-being at old age. Prevention of LBP during mid-life could reduce mobility limitations and disability at old age and promote a healthy ageing.
Key messages
Our results show that low back pain experienced during midlife is associated with mobility limitations and disability in activities of daily living at old age. Our results suggest that emphasis should be put on promotion of musculoskeletal health in midlife as this may help to reduce disability and mobility limitations at old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kyrönlahti
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - C H Nygård
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - S Neupane
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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9
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Gaudel P, Kaunonen M, Neupane S, Joronen K, Koivisto AM, Rantanen A. Lifestyle related risk factors of coronary artery disease patients in Nepal. Eur J Public Health 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz186.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality and serious health problem worldwide. It is important to observe lifestyle related risk factors in patients with CAD for effective planning and implementation of secondary prevention strategies. The aim of this study is to describe the prevalence of lifestyle related risk factor habits among the patients with CAD.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among CAD patients in a tertiary care national heart center in Kathmandu, Nepal. Six lifestyle related factors (dietary habit, smoking, alcohol consumption, stress, physical activity and adherence to medication) and Body Mass Index were used as the risk factors of CAD in this study. Individual face-to-face structured interview was conducted using culturally validated standard instruments. The descriptive characteristics were presented as frequencies and percentages for categorical variables and as mean ± standard deviation (SD) or median and interquartile range (IQR) otherwise.
Results
In total study population, the mean age of the patients was 59.9 years and 76% were male. Patients having any three risk factors out of seven were the most common (36%) followed by two risk factors (25%) and four risk factors (22%). About 32% of study population were current smokers, whereas 29% were former smokers. Likewise, 31% of the total were physically inactive. Majority of the patients 95% had perceived moderate stress.
Conclusions
The prevalence of lifestyle related risk factors is high among CAD patients in study population. Combination of any three lifestyle related risk factors were the most common among patients. Therefore, studies focusing on lifestyle risk factor modification intervention on particular groups is recommended.
Key messages
Need to improve awareness about lifestyle related risk factors among CAD patients. Highlight the importance of lifestyle counselling.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gaudel
- Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - M Kaunonen
- Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - S Neupane
- Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - K Joronen
- Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - A M Koivisto
- Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - A Rantanen
- Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
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Neupane S, Lallukka T, Pietiläinen O, Rahkonen O, Leino-Arjas P. Trajectories of musculoskeletal pain among midlife employees. Eur J Public Health 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz186.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
We examined the developmental trajectories of multisite musculoskeletal pain to acquire the developmental patterns of musculoskeletal pain among midlife municipal employees and whether pain trajectories associate with common mental disorders or behaviors.
Methods
Middle-aged (44 to 67 years) municipal employees from the city of Helsinki were studied. The baseline survey was conducted in 2000-02 (N = 8960) and two follow-up surveys in 2007 (N = 7332) and 2012 (N = 6809). Repeated measurement of musculoskeletal pain in four anatomical sites was obtained. Trajectories of number of pain sites (0-4) were modeled using latent class growth analysis (n = 6527). Common mental disorders were measured using the General Health Questionnaire 12-item version (GHQ-12). Information on behavior factors, morbidity, and the socioeconomic position was obtained from the questionnaire survey. Associations of baseline factors with pain trajectories were assessed by multinomial logistic regression.
Results
We found four distinct trajectories of the number of pain sites: high (15%), increasing (24%), decreasing (20%) and low (41%). In multivariable multinomial regression model high, increasing and decreasing trajectories were strongly associated with higher odds with both medium and high common mental disorders. However, the magnitude of the association was much higher for high vs. low trajectory group due to medium (OR 3.70, 95% CI 2.81-4.89) and high (OR 5.37, 95% 4.36-6.61) common mental disorders. Mean score of common mental disorders was also highest for high trajectory group. High, increasing and decreasing trajectory group were also associated with poor behavior, having one or more musculoskeletal comorbidities and low socioeconomic position.
Conclusions
Multisite musculoskeletal pain remain persistent among midlife employees and those high trajectories of musculoskeletal pain are associated with common mental disorders, behavior, and musculoskeletal comorbidities.
Key messages
Four distinct trajectories of number of pain sites was identified among midlife municipal employees. High common mental disorders and poor behavior, as well as low socioeconomic position and musculoskeletal comorbidities were strongly associated with pain trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Neupane
- Unit of Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - T Lallukka
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - O Pietiläinen
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - O Rahkonen
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - P Leino-Arjas
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
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11
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Vänni KJ, Neupane S, Siukola AE, Karinen HM, Pursio HK, Uitti J, Nygård CH. The Presenteeism Scale as a measure of productivity loss. Occup Med (Lond) 2018; 68:512-518. [PMID: 30219891 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqy124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Work Ability Score (WAS) is a common instrument for assessing work ability but its validity in assessing presenteeism and productivity loss is unknown. Aims To validate a WAS-based measure, the Presenteeism Scale (PS), and to evaluate its accuracy as a presenteeism instrument among forestry employees. Methods This validation study was based on questions of perceived WAS assessed using the Work Ability-Personal Radar (WA-PR) instrument and on questions of perceived productivity loss and presenteeism assessed using a cross-sectional questionnaire survey. Pearson's correlation test was used to ascertain the associations between variables. The association of productivity loss with presenteeism was evaluated using a logistic regression model. The predictive ability of presenteeism was tested using the receiver-operating characteristic curve. Results There were 339 respondents in the cross-sectional survey, 257 in the WA-PR and 107 respondents participating in both surveys. The prevalence of presenteeism was 48%. Presenteeism was significantly (P < 0.05) higher among those reporting productivity losses. Presenteeism is extremely accurate in predicting perceived productivity loss but less accurate in predicting PS-based productivity loss. The odds ratio (OR) of self-estimated productivity loss was 77 times higher (OR 77.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] 25.36-236.12) among those with presenteeism. Correspondingly, OR of productivity loss based on the PS was three times higher (OR 3.05, 95% CI 1.16-8.04). Conclusions The PS may be a valid tool for predicting productivity loss and may be as good as other instruments. However, further research is needed to improve its accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Vänni
- Tampere University of Applied Sciences, Tampere, Finland
| | - S Neupane
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - A E Siukola
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - H M Karinen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - H K Pursio
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - J Uitti
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - C-H Nygård
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
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12
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Neupane S, Losada-Pérez P, Vivegnis S, Mekhalif Z, Delhalle J, Bashir A, Renner FU. Two-Step Nanoscale Approach for Well-Defined Complex Alkanethiol Films on Au Surfaces. Langmuir 2018; 34:66-72. [PMID: 29221371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the molecular organization of organic self-assembled monolayers (SAM) is of utmost importance in nanotechnology, molecular electronics, and surface science. Here we propose two well-differentiated approaches, double printing based on microcontact printing (μ-cp) and molecular backfilling adsorption, to produce complex alkanethiol films. The resulting films on model Au surfaces were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and contact angle measurements. Double printing alkanethiols results in clear coexisting regions where no molecular displacement is observed, highlighting the slow diffusion rates of long alkanethiols and large attractive interaction between long alkyl chains. Exposing a single-print μ-cp Au substrate to an additional alkanethiol solution yields the formation of differently ordered domain boundaries with different thickness and micrometer lateral size. The high order is a result of enhanced molecular mobility and restructuring during solution backfilling. The formed molecular assemblies constitute an excellent testing ground for nanoscale phenomena that strongly depend on the nanoscale geometrical and chemical features of the surface such as designed functionality or corrosion initiation and inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Neupane
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University , 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- IMEC vzw. Division IMOMEC, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - P Losada-Pérez
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University , 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- IMEC vzw. Division IMOMEC, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - S Vivegnis
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University , 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Electrochemistry of Surfaces (CES), University of Namur , 61, rue de Bruxelles, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Z Mekhalif
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Electrochemistry of Surfaces (CES), University of Namur , 61, rue de Bruxelles, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - J Delhalle
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Electrochemistry of Surfaces (CES), University of Namur , 61, rue de Bruxelles, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - A Bashir
- Thyssenkrupp Bilstein GmbH, Niederkell 25, 54429 Mandern, Germany
| | - F U Renner
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University , 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- IMEC vzw. Division IMOMEC, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
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13
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Maharjan R, Thapa BK, Chitrakar N, Pariyar J, Shrestha I, Joshi AP, Maharjan P, Neupane S. Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure in Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia. Nepal j obstet gynaecol 2016. [DOI: 10.3126/njog.v11i1.16291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: To evaluate the treatment outcome and acceptance of LEEP in precancerous cervical lesions.Methods: This is a descriptive study performed in Gynecology Department of Civil Service Hospital, from August 2014 - December 2015 in 28 cases that underwent LEEP forCIN. LEEP was performed as day care procedure under intravenous anesthesia and patient was sent home six hours after procedure. Follow up and further treatment was done after final histopathological reports.Results: Highest percentage ofCIN, 32.14% (9) was seen among 30-39 years age with 16 (57.14%) of parity three and more. 17 (60.71%) presented clinic with symptoms (lower abdominal, backpain, pervaginal discharge) while 11 (39.28%) were diagnosed from routine Pap test. Histopathology revealed four (14.28%)CIN1, eight (28.57%)CIN2, 11(39.28%)CIN3, two adenocarcinoma in situ, one of invasive squamous cell carcinoma, chronic cervicitis and atrophic change with no dysplasia. Margins were negative (satisfactory) in 20 (71.42%) and positive in eight (28.57%) with endocervical involvement in two that required second LEEP while one underwent radical hysterectomy for final diagnosis of invasive squamous cell carcinoma.Conclusions: Hysterectomy is a radical procedure for preinvasive cervical lesions that can be treated with simple procedure like LEEP that saves time and financial resources.
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14
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Pant ND, Sharma M, Neupane S. Taenia Solium Sneezed out from Nose by an Asymptomatic Child. J Nepal Health Res Counc 2016; 14:207-209. [PMID: 28327688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Taenia solium is an intestinal parasite and may be excreted in feces in infected patients but our case is unique, as an asymptomatic child sneezed out the proglottids of the parasite from his nose. After the full course of antihelminthic drug the patient excreted a whole worm in his stool.
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Affiliation(s)
- N D Pant
- Department of Microbiology, Grande International Hospital, Dhapasi, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - M Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Kathmandu Medical College, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - S Neupane
- Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
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15
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McDuff S, King GM, Neupane S, Myers MR. Isolation and characterization of extremely halophilic CO-oxidizing Euryarchaeota from hypersaline cinders, sediments and soils and description of a novel CO oxidizer, Haloferax namakaokahaiae Mke2.3T, sp. nov. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2016; 92:fiw028. [PMID: 26906098 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiw028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The phylogenetic affiliations of organisms responsible for aerobic CO oxidation in hypersaline soils and sediments were assessed using media containing 3.8 M NaCl. CO-oxidizing strains of the euryarchaeotes, Haloarcula, Halorubrum, Haloterrigena and Natronorubrum, were isolated from the Bonneville Salt Flats (UT) and Atacama Desert salterns (Chile). A halophilic euryarchaeote, Haloferax strain Mke2.3(T), was isolated from Hawai'i Island saline cinders. Haloferax strain Mke2.3(T) was most closely related to Haloferax larsenii JCM 13917(T) (97.0% 16S rRNA sequence identity). It grew with a limited range of substrates, and oxidized CO at a headspace concentration of 0.1%. However, it did not grow with CO as a sole carbon and energy source. Its ability to oxidize CO, its polar lipid composition, substrate utilization and numerous other traits distinguished it from H. larsenii JCM 13917(T), and supported designation of the novel isolate as Haloferax namakaokahaiae Mke2.3(T), sp. nov (= DSM 29988, = LMG 29162). CO oxidation was also documented for 'Natronorubrum thiooxidans' HG1 (Sorokin, Tourova and Muyzer 2005), N. bangense (Xu, Zhou and Tian 1999) and N. sulfidifaciens AD2(T) (Cui et al. 2007). Collectively, these results established a previously unsuspected capacity for extremely halophilic aerobic CO oxidation, and indicated that the trait might be widespread among the Halobacteriaceae, and occur in a wide range of hypersaline habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- S McDuff
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - G M King
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - S Neupane
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - M R Myers
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, POB 20280, 850 Lincoln Road, Fredericton, New Brunswick, NJ E3B 4Z7, USA
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16
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Hemminki E, Neupane S, Nwaru B, Wu Z. Work Behavior during Pregnancy in Rural China in 2009 and 2001. Int J Epidemiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv096.494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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17
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Chitrakar NS, Suwal S, Neupane S. Bilateral Ovarian Teratoma: One Parasitic Twisted In-situ and Another Parasitic at the Hepato Renal Space. J Nepal Health Res Counc 2015; 13:166-168. [PMID: 26744205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Parasitic ovarian dermoid cysts are very rare. We report a rare case of bilateral ovarian dermoid cysts with parasitic teratoma at the hepato renal space measuring 11x11x6 cm while the other was twisted measuring 10x6x5 cm.Right ovary and tube were absent. The mass found at the hepato renal space was surrounded by and adherent to the omentum with viable tubal fimbria like structure at upper surface. Histopathologically both masses were confirmed as mature ovarian teratoma. The etiology of parasitic teratoma would be due to torsion followed by autoamputation and reimplantation of the right ovarian dermoid cyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Chitrakar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Civil Service Hospital, Minbhawan, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - S Suwal
- Department of Radio Diagnosis and imaging, Civil Service Hospital, Minbhawan, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - S Neupane
- Department of Pathology, Civil Service Hospital, Minbhawan, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Chapagain U, Neupane S, Tuladhar S, Pradhananga S, Basnet RB, Regmi S. Prostatic cancer with metastasis to the testis – A case report. J Pathol Nep 2015. [DOI: 10.3126/jpn.v5i9.13792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic carcinoma to the testis is very rare.The incidence of secondary testicular tumors ranges from 0.02 to 2.5% among autopsies ingeneral. Despite the high incidence of prostatic adenocarcinoma and its ability for wide dissemination, metastatic cancer to the testis is a rare phenomenon of prostate carcinoma with only 80 cases reported in the literature.It is diagnosed in autopsies or incidentally, following therapeutic orchiectomies in moreadvanced stages of the disease.Ours is the very first case of prostatic carcinoma metastasizing to the testis, being reported from our country. We are reporting this case because of the rarity of metastasis of prostatic carcinoma to testis and for stressing the need for keeping in mind the possibility of metastatic carcinoma also while dealing with testicular tumors. In our case, unilateral testicular metastasis was detected incidentally after bilateral orchiectomy for hormonal management of metastatic prostatecarcinoma. The metastatic lesion was not identified in physical examination or in macroscopic dissection of the testis after surgery. Microscopy revealed an adenocarcinoma which, given the history of the patient and a positive immunohistochemical stain for PSA, was identified as metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma.Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2015) Vol. 5, 784-786
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Neupane S. Incidence of milk alkali syndrome in the Women's Health Initiative clinical trial and cohort study. Osteoporos Int 2014; 25:1193. [PMID: 23912557 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-013-2451-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Neupane
- Department of Medicine, Suny Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA,
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Neupane S, Pathak T, Bastola S, Shrestha S, Pun CB. Carcinosarcoma of lung. J Pathol Nep 2013. [DOI: 10.3126/jpn.v3i5.7873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary carcinosarcoma of the lung is exceedingly rare. It is described as malignancy composed of a mixture of carcinoma and sarcoma elements. The sarcomatous element is usually spindle cell but may contain cartilage, bone or skeletal muscle. We report a case of pulmonary carcinosarcoma in a 66 years male who presented with cough, chest pain on exertion, anorexia and weight loss. Brush cytology revealed poorly differentiated non-small cell carcinoma. Histopathological examination showed proliferation of malignant spindle cells containing bone and malignant cartilage admixed with areas of keratinized squamous cells with few foci of ill-defined glandular structure. On immunohistochemistry, carcinomatous component of tumor showed positivity for cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and spindle cell component were positive for vimentin. These findings led to diagnosis of carcinosarcoma. Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2013) Vol. 3, No.1, Issue 5, 419-421 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v3i5.7873
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Shrestha S, Pun CB, Basyal R, Pathak T, Bastola S, Neupane S, Lee MC. Polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma of the parotid gland: A case report with cytohistological correlation and its immunohistochemical study. J Pathol Nep 2012. [DOI: 10.3126/jpn.v2i4.6890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma is a rare salivary gland malignant tumor of low aggressiveness, commonly occurring in minor salivary glands. Its origin in major salivary glands is considered exceedingly rare. We report a case of polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma arising from left parotid in a 21-yearold female patient.Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2012) Vol. 2, 331-334DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v2i4.6890
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Pun CB, Aryal G, Basyal R, Shrestha S, Pathak T, Bastola S, Neupane S, Shrestha BM, Thakur BK, Lee MC. Histological pattern of esophageal cancer at BP Koirala memorial cancer hospital in Nepal: a three year retrospective study. J Pathol Nep 2012. [DOI: 10.3126/jpn.v2i4.6877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma is increasing in trends. Squamous cell carcinoma is associated with tobacco and alcohol consumption. Adenocarcinoma is often associated with a history of gastroesophageal reflux disease and Barrett's esophagus. The aim of this study was to find out the histological pattern of esophageal cancer in one of the largest Cancer center in Nepal.Materials and Methods: Between January 2008 and December 2011, a total of 106 cases of esophageal cancer were received in the department of pathology, BP Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital. Relevant clinical data were retrieved from computer database of the hospital.Results: A total of 106 cases of esophageal carcinomas were diagnosed during a three years period. There were 68 (64.15%) cases of squamous cell carcinoma, 33 (31.13%) cases of adenocarcinoma including signet ring cell carcinoma, 4 (3.76%) cases of undifferentiated carcinoma and 1 (0.94%) case of small cell carcinoma. The esophageal cancer was most common in the age group of 61-70 years of age. Distal third of esophagus was the most common site for esophageal carcinoma, followed by middle esophagus and proximal esophagus.Conclusion: The most frequent type of esophageal carcinoma is squamous cell carcinoma followed by adenocarcinoma. Distal esophagus is the most common site with male preponderance.Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2012) Vol. 2, 277-281DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v2i4.6877
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Giri S, Sharma SR, Timalsina S, Yadav V, Koirala S, Kumar A, Neupane S, Neupane M. Cardiovascular health risk behavior among medical students in a teaching hospital. J Nepal Health Res Counc 2012; 10:187-191. [PMID: 23281448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical students are the health care providers of tomorrow. The health behaviors that are acquired in early life and in medical school will influence their future acceptance and practice of preventive strategies including their interaction with patients. The main objective of our study was to assess the health behavior and perceptions of medical students in relation to cardiovascular diseases. METHODS A cross sectional descriptive study was done among 159 medical students of Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal from September 2010 to December 2010. Data collection was done using a self administered questionnaire. RESULTS The mean age was 22.9±2.5 yrs and a male:female ratio of 2.1:1. Thirty Five (22%) were current smokers, 56 (35%) indulged in episodic heavy drinking, 25 (15.7%) were overweight, 34 (21%) engaged in recommended amount of physical activitiy,58 (33%) regulated fat consumption and 46 (28%) regulated salt consumption. Regarding developing cardiovascular disease in the future, 85(53%) showed concern but only 33 (38%) of these adopted preventive practices. 101 (64%) believed that their medical school life had a harmful effect on their health. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk behaviours among the medical students. This highlights the urgency that we must take to promote preventive knowledge and practices among medical students. This will help them to become prevention oriented clinicians in future to counter the increasing burden of cardiovascular diseases in this part of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Giri
- Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
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Neupane S, Virtanen P, Leino-Arjas P, Miranda H, Siukola A, Nygård CH. Multi-site pain and working conditions as predictors of work ability in a 4-year follow-up among food industry employees. Eur J Pain 2012; 17:444-51. [PMID: 22865480 DOI: 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2012.00198.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the separate and joint effects of multi-site musculoskeletal pain and physical and psychosocial exposures at work on future work ability. METHODS A survey was conducted among employees of a Finnish food industry company in 2005 (n = 1201) and a follow-up survey in 2009 (n = 734). Information on self-assessed work ability (current work ability on a scale from 0 to 10; 7 = poor work ability), multi-site musculoskeletal pain (pain in at least two anatomical areas of four), leisure-time physical activity, body mass index and physical and psychosocial exposures was obtained by questionnaire. The separate and joint effects of multi-site pain and work exposures on work ability at follow-up, among subjects with good work ability at baseline, were assessed by logistic regression, and p-values for the interaction derived. RESULTS Compared with subjects with neither multi-site pain nor adverse work exposure, multi-site pain at baseline increased the risk of poor work ability at follow-up, allowing for age, gender, occupational class, body mass index and leisure-time physical activity. The separate effects of the work exposures on work ability were somewhat smaller than those of multi-site pain. Multi-site pain had an interactive effect with work environment and awkward postures, such that no association of multi-site pain with poor work ability was seen when work environment was poor or awkward postures present. CONCLUSIONS The decline in work ability connected with multi-site pain was not increased by exposure to adverse physical or psychosocial factors at work.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Neupane
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
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Baral P, Neupane S, Shrestha B. High prevalence of multidrug resistant bacterial infections in Nepalese patients. Int J Infect Dis 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Neupane S, Pokhrel DB, Pokhrel BM. Onychomycosis: clinical pattern and prevailing fungi in Kathmandu. Nepal Med Coll J 2011; 13:193-196. [PMID: 22808814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Onychomycosis is a chronic mycotic infection of finger and toe nails that affects the quality of life in a significant proportion. The study was aimed to identify the clinical patterns and etiological agents of onychomycosis. The study population comprised of the suspected cases of onychomycosis, attending the outpatients department of Dermatology of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, during November 2006 to March 2008. Detailed history was taken and clinical pattern was noted. Nail sample was obtained from patients with suspected onychomycosis and was subjected for direct microscopy and fungal culture. After first inoculation, the culture tubes were examined every day for one week and thereafter weekly and the fungus was identified. A total of 218 patients were included in the study. The age of the patients ranged from 4 to 88 years with mean of 32.8 +/- 15.4. Maximum of the patients were in the age group of 21-30 years. M: F ratio was 1.05:1. Duration of the disease varied from 1 month to 15 years. Direct microscopy was positive in 64.22% and culture was positive in 41.7%. Dermatophytes were isolated in 54.9%, yeasts in 39.6% and non-dermatophyte molds in 5.5%. As a whole, Trichophyton rubrum was the most common fungal isolate (82%). Yeast infection was more common in females. Yeast was significantly more commonly implicated as a pathogen in finger nail onychomycosis. Dermatophytes were more frequently isolated from toe nail onychomycosis. In conclusion, T rubrum was the most common fungal isolate.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Neupane
- Department of Dermatology, Gandaki Medical College, Charak Hospital And Research Centre, Pokhara, Nepal.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Multi-site pain is a common phenomenon among working-age people and it strongly increases work disability risk. Little is known about the impact of musculoskeletal pain on work ability. AIMS To investigate whether the number of musculoskeletal pain sites predicts future poor work ability. METHODS The study was conducted in 2005 and 2009 in a food processing company. A total of 734 workers participated in the study. The information on self-perceived work ability and musculoskeletal pain during the preceding week was obtained through a structured questionnaire distributed to employees. The risk of poor work ability at follow-up related to the number of pain sites at baseline was estimated with logistic regression. RESULTS The proportion of poor work ability increased in 4 years from 15 to 22%, parallel to the increase in the number of pain sites. Among those with 'non-poor' work ability at baseline, one-tenth reported their work ability to be poor after 4 years. The number of pain sites predicted poor work ability after 4 years of follow-up with a dose-response manner. Those with widespread pain had almost a 3-fold risk of developing poor work ability at follow-up. The associations were stronger for younger and white-collar workers. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study indicate that multi-site musculoskeletal pain at baseline strongly predicts poor work ability after 4 years among industrial workers. Counting the number of concurrent pain sites may be a simple method of identifying workers with high risk of work disability in occupational health practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Neupane
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, FI 33014 Tampere, Finland.
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Sharma P, Neupane S, Shrestha M, Dwivedi R, Paudel K. An ultrasonographic evaluation of solitary muscular and soft tissue cysticercosis. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2011; 8:257-60. [PMID: 21209548 DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v8i2.3571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cysticercosis in humans is infection with the larval form (cysticercus cellulosae) of the pork tapeworm T. solium. Encystment of larvae can occur in almost any tissue. The location of cysts in order of frequency is the central nervous system, subcutaneous tissue and striated muscle, vitreous humour of the eye and, rarely, other tissues. High resolution ultrasound can be used in the diagnosis of muscular and soft tissue cysticercosis. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to evaluate the ultrasonographic findings in cases of muscular and soft tissue cysticercosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS It was a retrospective review of the cases of muscular and soft tissue cysticercosis which were diagnosed by ultrasound during June 2007 to May 2009 in the department of Radiology and Imaging, Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital. A total of six patients were evaluated. RESULT There were four males and two females. Age of the patient ranged from 18 to 50 years. All of the patients presented with a swelling with pain in fi ve of them. There was a wide variation in the location of the cysts. In all cases ultrasound revealed a cystic lesion with an echogenic eccentric pedunculated nodule attached to the wall. The mean diameter of the cyst was 6mm. Smooth wall was present in fi ve cases whereas one of the cysts revealed irregular wall. Pericystic inflammatory changes were seen in the adjacent muscles. CONCLUSION Ultrasound is a safe and non-invasive method that can be used in the diagnosis of muscular and soft tissue cysticercosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sharma
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Nepalgunj Medical College, Banke, Nepal.
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Alurkar VM, Neupane S. Two interesting cases of left atrial myxoma. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2011; 8:80-2. [PMID: 21209512 DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v8i1.3226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Atrial myxoma is the most common type of benign primary heart tumours. Most of these tumours are sporadic in origin occurring at 3rd to 6th decade of life, while hereditary forms do exist. They are mostly found in the left atrium followed by right atrium and ventricles. A left atrial myxoma may present with features of mitral valve obstruction, embolic phenomenon or systemic disease. On diagnosis, prompt surgical removal is necessary which usually gives a complete cure, though recurrences have been reported. We hereby present two cases of solitary left atrial myxoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Alurkar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal
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Allurkar VM, Neupane S. Familial dilated cardiomyopathy--a case report from western Nepal. Nepal Med Coll J 2010; 12:125-127. [PMID: 21222413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common cause of congestive cardiac failure all over the world. Most cases are idiopathic and sporadic. However, an increasing number are found to have a genetic basis which accounts for about 25.0-30.0% of cases all over the world. Different modes of inheritance and mutations have been implicated in these familial cases. Regardless of the type, they usually present in an advanced state with features of congestive cardiac failure or with complications like arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death and have a high mortality rate of 15.0-50.0% at 5 years. Hence in all DCM cases, detailed family history and if possible screening examination of the relatives is to be done so as to diagnose the familial cases in an early stage and prevent the likely complications. Here we present an interesting case of familial dilated cardiomyopathy (FDC) in which all four sons of the family are suffering from a heart disease while all the daughters are spared.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Allurkar
- Department of Medicine, Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara Nepal
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Neupane S, Yi B, Berman B. SU-GG-T-274: A Practical MLC Pattern for Comprehensive Routine MLC QA. Med Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3468666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Hodgins S, McPherson R, Suvedi BK, Shrestha RB, Silwal RC, Ban B, Neupane S, Baqui AH. Testing a scalable community-based approach to improve maternal and neonatal health in rural Nepal. J Perinatol 2010; 30:388-95. [PMID: 19907428 DOI: 10.1038/jp.2009.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to determine the feasibility of improved maternal-neonatal care-seeking and household practices using an approach scalable under Nepal's primary health-care services. STUDY DESIGN Impact was assessed by pre- and post-intervention surveys of women delivering within the previous 12 months. Each district sample comprised 30 clusters, each with 30 respondents. The intervention consisted primarily of community-based antenatal counseling and dispensing and an early postnatal home visit; most activities were carried out by community-based health volunteers. RESULT There were notable improvements in most household practice and service utilization indicators, although results regarding care-seeking for danger signs were mixed. CONCLUSION It is feasible in a Nepal setting to significantly improve utilization of maternal-neonatal services and household practices, using the resources available under the government primary health-care system. This has the potential to significantly reduce neonatal mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hodgins
- NFHP-II, John Snow Inc. Research and Training Institute, Kathmandu, Nepal.
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Naeije R, Huez S, Lamotte M, Retailleau K, Neupane S, Abramowicz D, Faoro V. Pulmonary artery pressure limits exercise capacity at high altitude. Eur Respir J 2010; 36:1049-55. [DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00024410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Neupane S, Pokhrel DB, Pokhrel BM. Onychomycosis: a clinico-epidemiological study. Nepal Med Coll J 2009; 11:92-95. [PMID: 19968146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Onychomycosis is a common nail disorder. Far more than being a simple cosmetic problem, infected nail serves as a chronic reservoir, which can give rise to repeated mycotic infections. The study was undertaken to determine the various clinical patterns of onychomycosis. This prospective cross sectional study was conducted in clinically suspected patients of onychomycosis attending out patients department of dermatology, T.U. Teaching hospital between August 2006 and July 2007. Various data were obtained and clinical patterns were noted. Out of 182 clinically suspected patients of onychomycosis, 52.7% were males with male: female ratio of 1.1:1. Onychomycosis was predominant among the younger patients with slight male preponderance. Fingernails were more frequently involved in females whereas toenails in males. The most common clinical type was distal and lateral subungual onychomycosis. 58.2% had other concomitant fungal infections apart from onychomycosis. Onychomycosis could serve as a good reservoir for recurrent cutaneous superficial fungal infections. Hence, adequate treatment of onychomycosis can prevent from these recurrent cutaneous superficial fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Neupane
- Department of Dermatology, Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital, Banke, Nepal.
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Knevel RJM, Neupane S, Shressta B, de Mey L. Buddhi Bangara Project on oral health promotion: a 3- to 5-year collaborative programme combining support, education and research in Nepal. Int J Dent Hyg 2008; 6:337-46. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5037.2008.00345.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Neupane S, Sharma P, Kumar A, Paudel U, Pokhrel DB. Cutaneous leishmaniasis: report of rare cases in Nepal. Nepal Med Coll J 2008; 10:64-67. [PMID: 18700634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis is rare in Nepal although visceral leishmaniasis (kala azar) is common in the Terai region. In country like ours where tuberculosis is more prevalent cutaneous leishmaniasis is very likely to be mistreated as cutaneous tuberculosis, especially lupus vulgaris. Here we report a series of four cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis who presented in the out patient department at TUTH in the year 2006.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Neupane
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Jha A, Kumar A, Paudel U, Neupane S, Pokhrel DB, Badal KP. Herpes zoster in a five month old infant subsequent to intrauterine exposure to varicella infection. Nepal Med Coll J 2007; 9:281-283. [PMID: 18298022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Herpes zoster is characterized by painful vesicular eruption in a dermatomal distribution of sensory nerves as a result of reactivation of latent herpes zoster virus in posterior root ganglia. The primary varicella infection is usually acquired in childhood and reactivation usually is seen in elderly. In rare instances herpes zoster can also occur in infancy as a result of reactivation of primary varicella infection acquired in utero or in early infancy. Here, we report a rare case of herpes zoster in a 5 month baby who acquired primary infection in utero from mother who had varicella infection at 6 months of gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jha
- Department of Pathology, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Maharajgunj Campus, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal.
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Smith JB, Lakhey B, Thapa S, Rajbhandari S, Neupane S. Maternal morbidity among women admitted for delivery at a public hospital in Kathmandu. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2002; 34:132-40. [PMID: 12154944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
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Bhatta P, Thapa S, Neupane S, Baker J, Friedman M. Commercial sex workers in Kathmandu Valley: profile and prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 1994; 32:191-203. [PMID: 12154941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper presents a socioeconomic profile and the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), among 341 female commercial sex workers (CSWs) in Kathmandu Valley. Most of the CSWs are from outside the valley, but from within Nepal. Over 50% of the CSWs have a secondary or higher level of education. The average age of the CSWs is 21 years. The average age of first sexual intercourse was 16 years; and, at entering the sex trade, 18 years. The most frequently reported type of sexual activity is vaginal intercourse followed by anal intercourse. Although a large proportion of CSWs are aware of condoms, only one-fifth of them reported using condoms most of the time they had intercourse. The majority of the CSWs are aware of general types of STDs. Slightly over 60% are aware of AIDS, and the majority of them know of at least one mode of AIDS transmission. Gynecological examination based on symptoms revealed that 72% of the CSWs were infected with some type of STD. About 47% had vaginal discharges, 36% had pelvic inflammatory disease, 24% had ulcerative disease, and 4% had urethritis. Blood tests of the CSWs revealed that 28% had VDRL (a test for syphilis), hepatitis B, or HIV. The prevalence of VDRL was the most common, followed by hepatitis B. Of the 341 CSWs, 3 (0.9%) were HIV-positive.
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Pathak TB, Bashyal R, Pun CB, Shrestha S, Bastola S, Neupane S, Poudel BR, Lee MC. Estrogen and progesterone receptor expression in breast carcinoma. J Pathol Nep 1970. [DOI: 10.3126/jpn.v1i2.5401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast carcinoma is the most common malignancy diagnosed among women worldwide and second leading cause of cancer mortality. One of the hallmarks of the disease is expression of estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor that ultimately drives prognosis and treatment modalities of the patient. The objective of this study was to determine the Estrogen and Progesterone receptor status in relation to histological grade of tumor. Materials and Methods: This was an observational study, carried out in the department of Pathology, BP Koirala Memorial cancer Hospital, Bharatpur, from January 2010 to December 2010. A total of 136 patients with histological proven diagnosis of breast carcinoma was included in this study. These cases were graded according to the modified Bloom and Richardson criteria into three histological grades. We used immunohistochemistry to evaluate the expression of Estrogen and Progesterone in relation to histological grade of tumor. Results: Out of 136 cases, there were 131 (96%) cases of infiltrating ductal carcinoma with mean age of 48 years. Majority of cases were grade II (59%) followed by grade III (21%) and grade I (20%). Estrogen Receptor and Progesterone Receptor expression were seen in 28% and 19% respectively. In grade I, 16 (59%) and 10 (37%) cases out of 27 were Estrogen Receptor and Progesterone Receptor positive respectively. In grade II, 21 (26%) and 15(19%) out of 80 cases were Estrogen Receptor and Progesterone Receptor positive respectively. In grade III, 1(3%) and 1 (3%) cases were positive for Estrogen Receptor and Progesterone Receptor respectively. Conclusions: Expression of estrogen and progesterone is comparable to west with Estrogen and Progesterone showing inverse association with histological grades of tumor. Keywords: Breast carcinoma; Estrogen receptor; Progesterone receptor DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v1i2.5401 JPN 2011; 1(2): 100-103
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Abstract
Background Vitiligo is common worldwide. The highest incidence is reported from Indian subcontinent. However, there are only few studies available on epidemiology of vitiligo from Nepal Objective To determine the clinical patterns of vitiligo, the associated sociodemographic factors and its associated disorders among patients attending dermatology outpatient department of Manipal Teaching Hospital, Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital and Fishtail Hospital and Research Center Pokhara. Methods All patients presenting with signs and symptoms suggestive of vitiligo over a period of one-year (from march 2009 to march 2010 ) at the out-patient clinics in the Dermatology Department of Manipal Teaching Hospital, Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital and Fishtail Hospital and Research Center, Pokhara were included in the study. Socio-demographic details regarding age, sex, marital status, education and occupation were recorded .A detailed clinical history related to the presenting complain and clinical examination findings were recorded. Relevant available investigations were ordered based on signs and symptoms to determine if any associated disorders. Results Two hundred and twenty four patients with clinical diagnosis of vitiligo were studied. Males constituted 102 (45%) patients and females 122 (55%) of the total number of patients. Duration of disease at the time of presentation ranged from two weeks to 40 years. The lower limb was the initial site of onset of vitiligo in majority 77 (34.37%) of the patients, followed by the upper limbs, head and neck, trunk and mucosae in decreasing order of frequency. The commonest clinical pattern found was vitiligo vulgaris followed by acrofacial, segmental and mucosal types. Lesions showing leukotrichia were observed in 40 (18.87%) patients and koebnerization was observed in 42 (18.75%) patients. Eleven children had halo nevi. Associated abnormalities included alopecia areata (13 patients), diabetes mellitus (12 patients) and one patient had atopic dermatitis. A positive family history was obtained in 14(6.25%) of the patients. Conclusion Vitiligo vulgaris is on of the common clinical-type skin disorder observed in Nepal. There w e re associated disorders/abnormalities in some patients such as alopecia areata , diabetes mellitus and atopic dermatitis. Keywords Clinical Profile; Vitiligo; Western Nepal. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njdvl.v9i1.5771 NJDVL 2010; 9(1): 40-43
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Abstract
This is a hospital based retrospective study, which was done in Pediatric ward of Patan hospital. Study period was one and half year (from Srawan 2063 to 2064 poush).Data were taken from discharge book of Pediatric ward, from the record section of this hospital, and from JE surveillance office, WHO, Kathmandu. All children from 1 month to 14 years ,who were admitted in Pediatric ward with symptoms of Meningitis, Meningoencephalitis and Encephalitis were included in this study and patients more than 14 years of age and symptoms not suggestive of meningitis, meningoencephalitis or encephalitis were excluded from the study. Headache; vomiting and fever were the chief complaints of patients. Two patients died during study period. There were 16 patients with serologically confirmed Japanese encephalitis. Key words: Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), arthropod borne disease, Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES). doi:10.3126/jnps.v29i1.1595 J. Nepal Paediatr. Soc. Vol.29(1) p.17-21
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Banstola S, Pathak T, Neupane S, Shrestha S, Basyal R, Pun CB, Lee MC. Microcystic meningioma mimicking pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma. J Pathol Nep 1970. [DOI: 10.3126/jpn.v1i2.5413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microcystic meningioma is a distinct morphological variant of meningioma, characterized by loose texture and microcysts with formation of large extracellular spaces containing edematous fluid. The tumor cells have stellate and vacuolated cytoplasm with long cytoplasmic processes. We report a case of microcystic meningioma occurring in a 60 year-old man. Histological features showed tumor cells with abundant foamy cytoplasm, pleomorphic nucleus with vesicular chromatin and prominent nucleoli which mimicked pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma. The clinical presentation and histopathological diagnostic dilemma along with immunohistochemistry is discussed. Keywords: MicrocysticMeningioma; Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma Immunohistochemistry DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v1i2.5413 JPN 2011; 1(2): 158-160
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Bashyal R, Pathak TB, Shrestha S, Pun CB, Banstola S, Neupane S, Lee MC. Role of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of malignant small round cell tumors. J Pathol Nep 1970. [DOI: 10.3126/jpn.v1i2.5398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Immunohistochemistry is a key tool for the analysis of localization of target molecules within tissues. It has a significant role in the identification of tumors lacking evidence of lineage differentiation on the basis of routine light microscopic morphology alone. Approximately 90% of tumors posing diagnostic difficulties by morphology could be accurately classified by exploiting immunohistochemistry. The aim of this study is to identify the true identity of malignant small round cell tumors by immunohistochemical analysis. Materials and Methods:This was a retrospective study done in Department of Histopathology of B.P.Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital from January 2010 to April 2011.A total of 40 cases small round cell tumors were selected for immunostaining. The immunohistochemistry technique used is the Polymer detection-EnvisionTM System, a two step staining technique based on Horse Radish Peroxidase labeled dextran polymer technology (DAKO Company). Results: Out of 40 cases of malignant small round cell tumors, there were 21 cases (52.5%) of Non- Hodgkin Lymphoma , 11 cases (27.5%) of Ewing’s Sarcoma/Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor, 1 case (2.5%) of Lymphoblastic Lymphoma , 1 case (2.5%) of Rhabdomyosarcoma, 2 cases (5%) of Low grade neuroendocrine tumor, 1 case (2.5%) of Neuroblastoma, 2 cases (5%) of Poorly differentiated Synovial Sarcoma (small cell variant), 1case (2.5%) of Malignant Melanoma (small cell variant). Conclusion: Immunohistochemistry is a valuable adjunct to routine hematoxylin and eosin staining for adequate and accurate categorization of malignant small round cell tumors. Keywords: Immunohistochemistry; Malignant Small Round Cell Tumor; Non Hodgkin’s Lymphoma; Ewing’s Sarcoma; Rhabdomyosarcoma DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v1i2.5398 JPN 2011; 1(2): 87-91
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