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Moody S, Senkin S, Islam SMA, Wang J, Nasrollahzadeh D, Cortez Cardoso Penha R, Fitzgerald S, Bergstrom EN, Atkins J, He Y, Khandekar A, Smith-Byrne K, Carreira C, Gaborieau V, Latimer C, Thomas E, Abnizova I, Bucciarelli PE, Jones D, Teague JW, Abedi-Ardekani B, Serra S, Scoazec JY, Saffar H, Azmoudeh-Ardalan F, Sotoudeh M, Nikmanesh A, Poustchi H, Niavarani A, Gharavi S, Eden M, Richman P, Campos LS, Fitzgerald RC, Ribeiro LF, Soares-Lima SC, Dzamalala C, Mmbaga BT, Shibata T, Menya D, Goldstein AM, Hu N, Malekzadeh R, Fazel A, McCormack V, McKay J, Perdomo S, Scelo G, Chanudet E, Humphreys L, Alexandrov LB, Brennan P, Stratton MR. Mutational signatures in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma from eight countries with varying incidence. Nat Genet 2021; 53:1553-1563. [PMID: 34663923 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-021-00928-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) shows remarkable variation in incidence that is not fully explained by known lifestyle and environmental risk factors. It has been speculated that an unknown exogenous exposure(s) could be responsible. Here we combine the fields of mutational signature analysis with cancer epidemiology to study 552 ESCC genomes from eight countries with varying incidence rates. Mutational profiles were similar across all countries studied. Associations between specific mutational signatures and ESCC risk factors were identified for tobacco, alcohol, opium and germline variants, with modest impacts on mutation burden. We find no evidence of a mutational signature indicative of an exogenous exposure capable of explaining differences in ESCC incidence. Apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like (APOBEC)-associated mutational signatures single-base substitution (SBS)2 and SBS13 were present in 88% and 91% of cases, respectively, and accounted for 25% of the mutation burden on average, indicating that APOBEC activation is a crucial step in ESCC tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Moody
- Cancer, Ageing and Somatic Mutation, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sergey Senkin
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - S M Ashiqul Islam
- Moores Cancer Centre, UC San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jingwei Wang
- Cancer, Ageing and Somatic Mutation, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dariush Nasrollahzadeh
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Stephen Fitzgerald
- Cancer, Ageing and Somatic Mutation, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Erik N Bergstrom
- Moores Cancer Centre, UC San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joshua Atkins
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Yudou He
- Moores Cancer Centre, UC San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Azhar Khandekar
- Moores Cancer Centre, UC San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Karl Smith-Byrne
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Christine Carreira
- Evidence Synthesis and Classification Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Valerie Gaborieau
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Calli Latimer
- Cancer, Ageing and Somatic Mutation, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Emily Thomas
- Cancer, Ageing and Somatic Mutation, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Irina Abnizova
- Cancer, Ageing and Somatic Mutation, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Pauline E Bucciarelli
- Cancer, Ageing and Somatic Mutation, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - David Jones
- Cancer, Ageing and Somatic Mutation, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jon W Teague
- Cancer, Ageing and Somatic Mutation, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Behnoush Abedi-Ardekani
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | | | - Jean-Yves Scoazec
- Department Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Gustave Roussy, Paris, France
| | - Hiva Saffar
- Department of Pathology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Azmoudeh-Ardalan
- Liver Transplantation Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Sotoudeh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Nikmanesh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Poustchi
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Niavarani
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samad Gharavi
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael Eden
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul Richman
- Histopathology Department, Hemel Hempstead General Hospital, Hemel Hempstead, UK
| | - Lia S Campos
- West Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust, Bury St Edmunds, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Blandina Theophil Mmbaga
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre & Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Tatsuhiro Shibata
- Division of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Centre Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Alisa M Goldstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Nan Hu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Fazel
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Valerie McCormack
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - James McKay
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Sandra Perdomo
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Ghislaine Scelo
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Estelle Chanudet
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Laura Humphreys
- Cancer, Ageing and Somatic Mutation, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ludmil B Alexandrov
- Moores Cancer Centre, UC San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Michael R Stratton
- Cancer, Ageing and Somatic Mutation, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK.
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Nalini M, Khoshnia M, Kamangar F, Sharafkhah M, Poustchi H, Pourshams A, Roshandel G, Gharavi S, Zahedi M, Norouzi A, Sotoudeh M, Nikmanesh A, Brennan P, Boffetta P, Dawsey SM, Abnet CC, Malekzadeh R, Etemadi A. Joint effect of diabetes and opiate use on all-cause and cause-specific mortality: the Golestan cohort study. Int J Epidemiol 2021; 50:314-324. [PMID: 32810213 PMCID: PMC7938504 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyaa126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many diabetic individuals use prescription and non-prescription opioids and opiates. We aimed to investigate the joint effect of diabetes and opiate use on all-cause and cause-specific mortality. METHODS Golestan Cohort study is a prospective population-based study in Iran. A total of 50 045 people-aged 40-75, 28 811 women, 8487 opiate users, 3548 diabetic patients-were followed during a median of 11.1 years, with over 99% success follow-up. Hazard ratio and 95% confidence intervals (HRs, 95% CIs), and preventable death attributable to each risk factor, were calculated. RESULTS After 533 309 person-years, 7060 deaths occurred: 4178 (10.8%) of non-diabetic non-opiate users, 757 (25.3%) diabetic non-users, 1906 (24.0%) non-diabetic opiate users and 219 (39.8%) diabetic opiate users. Compared with non-diabetic non-users, HRs (95% CIs) for all-cause mortality were 2.17 (2.00-2.35) in diabetic non-opiate users, 1.63 (1.53-1.74) in non-diabetic opiate users and 2.76 (2.40-3.17) in diabetic opiate users. Among those who both had diabetes and used opiates, 63.8% (95% CI: 58.3%-68.5%) of all deaths were attributable to these risk factors, compared with 53.9% (95% CI: 50%-57.4%) in people who only had diabetes and 38.7% (95% CI: 34.6%-42.5%) in non-diabetic opiate users. Diabetes was more strongly associated with cardiovascular than cancer mortality. The risk of early mortality in known cases of diabetes did not depend on whether they started opiate use before or after their diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS Using opiates is detrimental to the health of diabetic patients. Public awareness about the health effects of opiates, and improvement of diabetes care especially among individuals with or at risk of opiate use, are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Nalini
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Masoud Khoshnia
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (GRCGH), Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Farin Kamangar
- Department of Biology, School of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Maryam Sharafkhah
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Poustchi
- Liver and Pancreaticobilliary Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Pourshams
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Roshandel
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (GRCGH), Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Samad Gharavi
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Zahedi
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Alireza Norouzi
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (GRCGH), Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Masoud Sotoudeh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Nikmanesh
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Sasan Alborz Research Center, Masoud Clinic, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paul Brennan
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sanford M Dawsey
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christian C Abnet
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Etemadi
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Nalini M, Khoshnia M, Kamangar F, Sharafkhah M, Poustchi H, Pourshams A, Roshandel G, Gharavi S, Zahedi M, Norouzi A, Sotoudeh M, Nikmanesh A, Brennan P, Boffetta P, Dawsey SM, Abnet CC, Malekzadeh R, Etemadi A. Corrigendum to: Joint effect of diabetes and opiate use on all-cause and cause-specific mortality: the Golestan cohort study. Int J Epidemiol 2021; 50:353. [PMID: 33367601 PMCID: PMC7953952 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyaa268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Nalini
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Masoud Khoshnia
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (GRCGH), Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Farin Kamangar
- Department of Biology, School of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Maryam Sharafkhah
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Poustchi
- Liver and Pancreaticobilliary Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Pourshams
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Roshandel
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (GRCGH), Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Samad Gharavi
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Zahedi
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Alireza Norouzi
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (GRCGH), Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Masoud Sotoudeh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Nikmanesh
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Sasan Alborz Research Center, Masoud Clinic, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paul Brennan
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sanford M Dawsey
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christian C Abnet
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Etemadi
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Etemadi A, Khademi H, Kamangar F, Freedman ND, Abnet CC, Brennan P, Malekzadeh R, Poustchi H, Pourshams A, Khoshnia M, Gharavi S, Norouzi A, Merat S, Jafari E, Islami F, Semnani S, Pharoah PDP, Boffetta P, Dawsey SM. Hazards of cigarettes, smokeless tobacco and waterpipe in a Middle Eastern Population: a Cohort Study of 50 000 individuals from Iran. Tob Control 2017; 26:674-682. [PMID: 27872345 PMCID: PMC5767941 DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2016-053245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited information about the hazards of cigarettes, smokeless tobacco and waterpipe in the Middle East. The aim of this study was to determine the association between different types of tobacco use and earlier death in the Golestan Cohort Study. METHODS The Study includes 50 045 adults (aged 40-75 years) from north eastern Iran. The baseline questionnaire (2004-2008) assessed information about use of cigarettes, chewing tobacco (nass) and waterpipe. To assess the use of each type of tobacco compared with never tobacco users, we used Cox regression models adjusted for age, socioeconomic status, area of residence, education and other tobacco used, and stratified by sex, ethnicity and opium use. RESULTS 17% of participants reported a history of cigarette smoking, 7.5% chewing tobacco (nass) and 1.1% smoking waterpipe, and these figures declined in the later birth cohorts. During a median follow-up of 8 years, 4524 deaths occurred (mean age 64.8+9.9 years). Current (HR=1.44; 95% CI 1.28 to 1.61) and former (HR=1.35; 95% CI 1.16 to 1.56) cigarette smokers had higher overall mortality relative to never tobacco users. The highest cigarette-associated risk was for cancer death among current heavy smokers (HR=2.32; 95% CI 1.66 to 3.24). Current nass chewing was associated with overall mortality (HR=1.16; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.34), and there was a 61% higher risk of cancer death in people chewing nass more than five times a day. We observed an association between the cumulative lifetime waterpipe use (waterpipe-years≥28) and both overall (HR=1.66; 95% CI 1.11 to 2.47), and cancer mortality (HR=2.82; 95% CI 1.30 to 6.11). CONCLUSIONS Regular use of cigarettes, smokeless tobacco and waterpipe were associated with the risk of earlier death (particularly from cancer) in our cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Etemadi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20850
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hooman Khademi
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Farin Kamangar
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Public Health Analysis, School of Community Health and Policy, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251
| | - Neal D. Freedman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20850
| | - Christian C. Abnet
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20850
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Liver and Pancreaticobilliary Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Poustchi
- Liver and Pancreaticobilliary Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Pourshams
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Liver and Pancreaticobilliary Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Khoshnia
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (GRCGH), Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Samad Gharavi
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Norouzi
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (GRCGH), Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Shahin Merat
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Liver and Pancreaticobilliary Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Jafari
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Liver and Pancreaticobilliary Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Islami
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Shahryar Semnani
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (GRCGH), Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Paul DP Pharoah
- Departments of Oncology and Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- The Tisch Cancer Institute and Institute for Translational Epidemiology, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Sanford M. Dawsey
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20850
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5
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Rahmati A, Shakeri R, Khademi H, Poustchi H, Pourshams A, Etemadi A, Khoshnia M, Sohrabpour AA, Aliasgari A, Jafari E, Islami F, Semnani S, Gharavi S, Abnet CC, Pharoah PDP, Brennan P, Boffetta P, Dawsey SM, Malekzadeh R, Kamangar F. Mortality from respiratory diseases associated with opium use: a population-based cohort study. Thorax 2017; 72:1028-1034. [PMID: 27885167 PMCID: PMC5759041 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-208251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Revised: 09/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have suggested that opium use may increase mortality from cancer and cardiovascular diseases. However, no comprehensive study of opium use and mortality from respiratory diseases has been published. We aimed to study the association between opium use and mortality from respiratory disease using prospectively collected data. METHODS We used data from the Golestan Cohort Study, a prospective cohort study in northeastern Iran, with detailed, validated data on opium use and several other exposures. A total of 50 045 adults were enrolled from 2004 to 2008, and followed annually until June 2015, with a follow-up success rate of 99%. We used Cox proportional hazard regression models to evaluate the association between opium use and outcomes of interest. RESULTS During the follow-up period, 331 deaths from respiratory disease were reported (85 due to respiratory malignancies and 246 due to non-malignant aetiologies). Opium use was associated with an increased risk of death from any respiratory disease (adjusted HR 95% CI 3.13 (2.42 to 4.04)). The association was dose-dependent with a HR of 3.84 (2.61 to 5.67) for the highest quintile of cumulative opium use versus never use (Ptrend<0.001). The HRs (95% CI) for the associations between opium use and malignant and non-malignant causes of respiratory mortality were 1.96 (1.18 to 3.25) and 3.71 (2.76 to 4.96), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Long-term opium use is associated with increased mortality from both malignant and non-malignant respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atieh Rahmati
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Shakeri
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hooman Khademi
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Poustchi
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Pourshams
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Etemadi
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Masoud Khoshnia
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology& Hepatology (GRCGH), Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Amir Ali Sohrabpour
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Aliasgari
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Jafari
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Islami
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- American Cancer Society, Atlanta, USA
| | - Shahryar Semnani
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology& Hepatology (GRCGH), Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Samad Gharavi
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology& Hepatology (GRCGH), Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Christian C. Abnet
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paul DP Pharoah
- Departments of Oncology and Public Health and Primary Care University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- The Tisch Cancer Institute and Institute for Translational Epidemiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sanford M. Dawsey
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farin Kamangar
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Public Health Analysis, School of Community Health and Policy, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD
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Ghodsi S, Gharavi S, Ghadam P. Cloning the hbs gene from Bacillus subtilis and expression of the HBsu protein in Escherichia coli. Iran J Microbiol 2010; 2:152-6. [PMID: 22347565 PMCID: PMC3279786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Bacillus subtilis HBsu is a 10 kD heat-stable protein shown to be involved in binding to DNA and is encoded by the hbs gene. Large-scale production for biochemical analysis is achieved through cloning and expression of the recombinant protein. MATERIALS AND METHODS This gene was amplified from B. subtilis ATCC 6633 using PCR and cloned into pET28a (+) expression vector. The construct was used to transform Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The expression of the protein was induced by the addition of 1mM IPTG. To confirm the expression of the cloned gene, SDS-PAGE was carried out and production of an approximately 11 KD recombinant tagged protein was confirmed for the cloned hbs gene. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The identity of the recombinant HBsu was verified and characterized by SDS-PAGE which can then be utilized for further applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Gharavi
- Corresponding author: Sara Gharavi Ph.D. Address: Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Alzahra University, Vanak, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel: +98-2188044052-2709 (Ext), Fax: +98-2188058912, E-mail:
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7
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Ghadam P, Gharavi S, Yarian F, Soudi MR, Kazemi B, Bandehpour M. Non-radioactive labeled probe preparation for hbs gene detection. Pak J Biol Sci 2009; 12:914-8. [PMID: 19777785 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2009.914.918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Among some Bacillus species, a protein highly homologous to HU, classified HB and coded by hbs gene. According to the recent studies, the sequence of hbs gene just in one strain of Bacillus subtilis exists in gene bank (ATCC 23857). In this study, DNA from Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 was extracted and investigated by PCR. The PCR product was sequenced and shown to differ in just one nucleotide from B. subtilis ATCC 23857. Hence, it was chosen as reference and for the first time, used for non-radioactive labeled probe preparation. The PCR product in Bacillus subtilis with ATCC 6633 was labeled using non-radioactive DIG-labeled nucleotides and conditions of probe preparation and hybridization were optimized and checked it by Southern blotting.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ghadam
- Department of Biology, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
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Nikbin VS, Abdi-Ali A, Feizabadi MM, Gharavi S. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis & plasmid profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa at two hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Indian J Med Res 2007; 126:146-151. [PMID: 17932441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common cause of nosocomial infections and exhibits innate resistance to a wide range of antibiotics. This study was undertaken to determine the resistance patterns of P. aeruginosa isolates recovered from patients at two hospitals in Tehran, to investigate the presence of plasmids and to genetically characterize them by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). METHODS The susceptibility of 104 isolates of P. aeruginosa to 13 different antibiotics was determined by agar disk diffusion method. The alkaline lysis method was used for plasmid extraction. PFGE technique was optimized for DNA fingerprinting of isolates. RESULTS The isolates showed resistance to 13 different antibiotics ceftizoxime (99%), lomefloxacin (94.3%), ceftazidime (59.6%), ticarcillin (50%), ceftriaxone (44.3%), cefoperazone (37.5%), tobramycin (34.6%), piperacillin and gentamicin (33.7%), carbenicillin (25%), amikacin (22%), ciprofloxacin (15.4%) and imipenem (2.9%). Plasmids were detected in 31 isolates (29.8%) that produced 15 different patterns. In total, 84 DNA banding patterns were detected by PFGE. The dominant PFGE type, Pattern A with 14 isolates was found at both hospitals. The remaining isolates were grouped in B, C, D and PF1-PF80. The majority of isolates with the identical plasmid profiles and resistance patterns produced closely related DNA fingerprints by PFGE. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION Isolates in pattern A were distributed widely at both hospitals and the environment. Absence of plasmids in majority of isolates indicated low typeability and discriminatory power of this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- V S Nikbin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Alzahra University,Tehran, I.R., Iran
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Feizabadi MM, Shahriari M, Safavi M, Gharavi S, Hamid M. Multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from patients in Tehran belong to a genetically distinct cluster. Scand J Infect Dis 2003; 35:47-51. [PMID: 12685884 DOI: 10.1080/0036554021000026990a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was used to study the molecular epidemiology of tuberculosis (TB) in certain areas of Tehran. 120 isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, including drug-resistant strains (n = 23), were analysed using polymorphic GC-rich sequence (PGRS) and IS6110 probes. There was considerable diversity among the strains cultured from patients from certain areas. The results of RFLP showed that multidrug resistant (MDR) isolates of M. tuberculosis in Tehran belong to a group of strains with low copies of IS6110 and PGRS. The degree of clustering was higher for the drug-resistant strains than for the susceptible ones (65% vs 20%). Based on the demographic data and results of RFLP, it appears that recent transmissions of TB from old patients have occurred in Tehran. However, drug-resistant TB in the city is mainly caused by strains that look different from those cultured from such patients. The majority of MDR isolates (85%) in this study contained a low copy number of IS6110 and PGRS in RFLP, and were mostly recovered from immigrants and refugees.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Feizabadi
- Department of Microbiology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran.
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