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Kohs TC, Vu HH, Jordan KR, Parra-Izquierdo I, Hinds MT, Shatzel JJ, Kievit P, Morgan TK, Yunga ST, Ngo TT, Aslan JE, Wallisch M, Lorentz CU, Tucker EI, Gailani D, Lindner JR, Puy C, McCarty OJ. Activation of coagulation FXI promotes endothelial inflammation and amplifies platelet activation in a nonhuman primate model of hyperlipidemia. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2024; 8:102276. [PMID: 38226339 PMCID: PMC10788631 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2023.102276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperlipidemia is associated with chronic inflammation and thromboinflammation. This is an underlying cause of several cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis. In diseased blood vessels, rampant thrombin generation results in the initiation of the coagulation cascade, activation of platelets, and endothelial cell dysfunction. Coagulation factor (F) XI represents a promising therapeutic target to reduce thromboinflammation, as it is uniquely positioned at an intersection between inflammation and thrombin generation. Objectives This study aimed to investigate the role of FXI in promoting platelet and endothelial cell activation in a model of hyperlipidemia. Methods Nonhuman primates (NHPs) were fed a standard chow diet (lean, n = 6) or a high-fat diet (obese, n = 8) to establish a model of hyperlipidemia. Obese NHPs were intravenously administered a FXI blocking antibody (2 mg/kg) and studied at baseline and at 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after drug administration. Platelet activation and inflammatory markers were measured using fluorescence-activated cell sorting or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Molecular imaging was used to quantify vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) expression at the carotid bifurcation. Results Obese NHPs demonstrated increased sensitivity for platelet P-selectin expression and phosphatidylserine exposure in response to platelet GPVI or PAR agonists compared with lean NHPs. Obese NHPs exhibited elevated levels of C-reactive protein, cathepsin D, and myeloperoxidase compared with lean NHPs. Following pharmacological inhibition of FIX activation by FXIa, platelet priming for activation by GPVI or PAR agonists, C-reactive protein levels, and endothelial VCAM-1 levels were reduced in obese NHPs. Conclusion FXI activation promotes the proinflammatory phenotype of hyperlipidemia by priming platelet activation and inciting endothelial cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tia C.L. Kohs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Helen H. Vu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Kelley R. Jordan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Iván Parra-Izquierdo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Monica T. Hinds
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Joseph J. Shatzel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Paul Kievit
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Terry K. Morgan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Samuel Tassi Yunga
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Thuy T.M. Ngo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Joseph E. Aslan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Michael Wallisch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Aronora, Inc, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Christina U. Lorentz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Aronora, Inc, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Erik I. Tucker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Aronora, Inc, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - David Gailani
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jonathan R. Lindner
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Cristina Puy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Owen J.T. McCarty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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Tassi Yunga S, Siriwardhana C, Fouda GG, Bobbili N, Sama G, Chen JJ, Leke RFG, Taylor DW. Characterization of the primary antibody response to Plasmodium falciparum antigens in infants living in a malaria-endemic area. Malar J 2022; 21:346. [PMCID: PMC9675181 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-022-04360-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The primary antibody (Ab) response to Plasmodium falciparum is a critical step in developing immunity to malaria. Information on the initial Ab responses of babies in malaria-endemic areas is incomplete, in part, because babies receive maternal IgG via transplacental-transfer and usually become infected before maternal IgG wanes. The study aimed to identify the primary IgM and IgG Ab responses to malarial antigens in Cameroonian babies. Methods Infants (n = 70) living in a high malaria transmission area were followed from birth throughout the first year of life (mean 341 ± 42 days, an average of 8.5 time points per infant). Malaria infection was assessed by microscopy and PCR, and IgM and IgG antibodies (Abs) were measured using a multiplex immunoassay to AMA1, EBA-175, MSP1-42, MSP2, MSP3, RESA, LSA1, and CSP. Results The half-life of maternal IgG varied among the antigens, ranging from 0.7 to 2.5 months. The first infection of 41% of the babies was sub-microscopic and only 11 to 44% of the babies produced IgM to the above antigens; however, when the first infection was detected by microscopy, 59–82% of the infants made IgM Abs to the antigens. Infants were able to produce IgM even when maternal IgG was present, suggesting maternal Abs did not suppress the baby’s initial Ab response. Using longitudinal regression models that incorporated time-varying covariates, infants were found to produce IgG Ab to only AMA-1 when the first infection was sub-microscopic, but they produced IgG Abs to MSP1-42 (3D7, FVO), AMA1 (3D7, FVO) MSP2-FC27, MSP3, RESA, and LSA1, but not MSP 2-3D7, EBA-175, and CSP during their first slide-positive infection. Notably, the primary and secondary IgG responses were short-lived with little evidence of boosting. Conclusions The primary Ab response of babies who had maternal IgG was similar to that reported for primary infections in malaria-naïve adults. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12936-022-04360-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Tassi Yunga
- grid.410445.00000 0001 2188 0957Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 651 Ilalo Street, Bioscience Building Suite 320, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA ,grid.5288.70000 0000 9758 5690Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center (CEDAR), School of Medicine, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 2720 S. Moody Avenue, Portland, OR USA
| | - Chathura Siriwardhana
- grid.410445.00000 0001 2188 0957Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 651 Ilalo Street, MEB411, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA
| | - Genevieve G. Fouda
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XDepartment of Pediatrics, Joan & Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY USA
| | - Naveen Bobbili
- grid.410445.00000 0001 2188 0957Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 651 Ilalo Street, Bioscience Building Suite 320, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA
| | - Grace Sama
- grid.412661.60000 0001 2173 8504The Biotechnology Center, University of Yaoundé 1, Messa, BP 3851 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - John J. Chen
- grid.410445.00000 0001 2188 0957Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 651 Ilalo Street, MEB411, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA
| | - Rose F. G. Leke
- grid.412661.60000 0001 2173 8504The Biotechnology Center, University of Yaoundé 1, Messa, BP 3851 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Diane Wallace Taylor
- grid.410445.00000 0001 2188 0957Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 651 Ilalo Street, Bioscience Building Suite 320, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA
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Yunga ST, Gower AJ, Melrose AR, Fitzgerald MK, Rajendran A, Lusardi TA, Armstrong RJ, Minnier J, Jordan KR, McCarty OJT, David LL, Wilmarth PA, Reddy AP, Aslan JE. Effects of ex vivo blood anticoagulation and preanalytical processing time on the proteome content of platelets. J Thromb Haemost 2022; 20:1437-1450. [PMID: 35253976 PMCID: PMC9887642 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ex vivo assays of platelet function critically inform mechanistic and clinical hematology studies, where effects of divergent blood processing methods on platelet composition are apparent, but unspecified. OBJECTIVE Here, we evaluate how different blood anticoagulation options and processing times affect platelet function and protein content ex vivo. METHODS Parallel blood samples were collected from healthy human donors into sodium citrate, acid citrate dextrose, EDTA or heparin, and processed over an extended time course for functional and biochemical experiments, including platelet proteome quantification with multiplexed tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (MS). RESULTS Each anticoagulant had time-dependent effects on platelet function in whole blood. For instance, heparin enhanced platelet agonist reactivity, platelet-monocyte aggregate formation and platelet extracellular vesicle release, while EDTA increased platelet α-granule secretion. Following platelet isolation, TMT-MS quantified 3357 proteins amongst all prepared platelet samples. Altogether, >400 proteins were differentially abundant in platelets isolated from blood processed at 24 h versus 1 h post-phlebotomy, including proteins pertinent to membrane trafficking and exocytosis. Anticoagulant-specific effects on platelet proteomes included increased complement system and decreased α-granule proteins in platelets from EDTA-anticoagulated blood. Platelets prepared from heparinized blood had higher levels of histone and neutrophil-associated proteins in a manner related to neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation and platelet:NET interactions in whole blood ex vivo. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that different anticoagulants routinely used for blood collection have varying effects on platelets ex vivo, where methodology-associated alterations in platelet proteome may influence mechanistic, translational and biomarker studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Tassi Yunga
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, School of Medicine; Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239; USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine; Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239; USA
| | - Austin J. Gower
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, School of Medicine; Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239; USA
| | - Alexander R. Melrose
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine; Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239; USA
| | - Meghan K. Fitzgerald
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, School of Medicine; Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239; USA
| | - Ashmitha Rajendran
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, School of Medicine; Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239; USA
| | - Theresa A. Lusardi
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, School of Medicine; Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239; USA
| | - Randall J. Armstrong
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, School of Medicine; Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239; USA
| | - Jessica Minnier
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, School of Medicine; Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239; USA
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine; Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239; USA
| | - Kelley R. Jordan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine; Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239; USA
| | - Owen J. T. McCarty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine; Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239; USA
| | - Larry L. David
- Proteomics Shared Resource; Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239; USA
- Department of Chemical Physiology & Biochemistry, School of Medicine; Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239; USA
| | - Phillip A. Wilmarth
- Proteomics Shared Resource; Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239; USA
| | - Ashok P. Reddy
- Proteomics Shared Resource; Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239; USA
| | - Joseph E. Aslan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine; Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239; USA
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine; Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239; USA
- Department of Chemical Physiology & Biochemistry, School of Medicine; Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239; USA
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Cooper S, Wilmarth PA, Cunliffe JM, Klimek J, Pang J, Tassi Yunga S, Minnier J, Reddy A, David L, Aslan JE. Platelet proteome dynamics in hibernating 13-lined ground squirrels. Physiol Genomics 2021; 53:473-485. [PMID: 34677084 PMCID: PMC8616595 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00078.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hibernating mammals undergo a dramatic drop in temperature and blood flow during torpor, yet avoid stasis blood clotting through mechanisms that remain unspecified. The effects of hibernation on hemostasis are especially complex, as cold temperatures generally activate platelets, resulting in platelet clearance and cold storage lesions in the context of blood transfusion. With a hibernating body temperature of 4°C-8°C, 13-lined ground squirrels (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus) provide a model to study hemostasis as well as platelet cold storage lesion resistance during hibernation. Here, we quantified and systematically compared proteomes of platelets collected from ground squirrels at summer (active), fall (entrance), and winter (topor) to elucidate how molecular-level changes in platelets may support hemostatic adaptations in torpor. Platelets were isolated from a total of 11 squirrels in June, October, and January. Platelet lysates from each animal were digested with trypsin prior to 11-plex tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling, followed by LC-MS/MS analysis for relative protein quantification. We measured >700 proteins with significant variations in abundance in platelets over the course of entrance, torpor, and activity-including systems of proteins regulating translation, secretion, metabolism, complement, and coagulation cascades. We also noted species-specific differences in levels of hemostatic, secretory, and inflammatory regulators in ground squirrel platelets relative to human platelets. Altogether, we provide the first ever proteomic characterization of platelets from hibernating animals, where systematic changes in metabolic, hemostatic, and other proteins may account for physiological adaptations in torpor and also inform translational effort to improve cold storage of human platelets for transfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Cooper
- Biology Department, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, La Crosse, Wisconsin
| | - Phillip A Wilmarth
- Proteomics Shared Resource, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Jennifer M Cunliffe
- Proteomics Shared Resource, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - John Klimek
- Proteomics Shared Resource, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Jiaqing Pang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Samuel Tassi Yunga
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Jessica Minnier
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Ashok Reddy
- Proteomics Shared Resource, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Larry David
- Proteomics Shared Resource, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Joseph E Aslan
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
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Babur Ö, Melrose AR, Cunliffe JM, Klimek J, Pang J, Sepp ALI, Zilberman-Rudenko J, Tassi Yunga S, Zheng T, Parra-Izquierdo I, Minnier J, McCarty OJT, Demir E, Reddy AP, Wilmarth PA, David LL, Aslan JE. Phosphoproteomic quantitation and causal analysis reveal pathways in GPVI/ITAM-mediated platelet activation programs. Blood 2020; 136:2346-2358. [PMID: 32640021 PMCID: PMC7702475 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020005496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets engage cues of pending vascular injury through coordinated adhesion, secretion, and aggregation responses. These rapid, progressive changes in platelet form and function are orchestrated downstream of specific receptors on the platelet surface and through intracellular signaling mechanisms that remain systematically undefined. This study brings together cell physiological and phosphoproteomics methods to profile signaling mechanisms downstream of the immunotyrosine activation motif (ITAM) platelet collagen receptor GPVI. Peptide tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling, sample multiplexing, synchronous precursor selection (SPS), and triple stage tandem mass spectrometry (MS3) detected >3000 significant (false discovery rate < 0.05) phosphorylation events on >1300 proteins over conditions initiating and progressing GPVI-mediated platelet activation. With literature-guided causal inference tools, >300 site-specific signaling relations were mapped from phosphoproteomics data among key and emerging GPVI effectors (ie, FcRγ, Syk, PLCγ2, PKCδ, DAPP1). Through signaling validation studies and functional screening, other less-characterized targets were also considered within the context of GPVI/ITAM pathways, including Ras/MAPK axis proteins (ie, KSR1, SOS1, STAT1, Hsp27). Highly regulated GPVI/ITAM targets out of context of curated knowledge were also illuminated, including a system of >40 Rab GTPases and associated regulatory proteins, where GPVI-mediated Rab7 S72 phosphorylation and endolysosomal maturation were blocked by TAK1 inhibition. In addition to serving as a model for generating and testing hypotheses from omics datasets, this study puts forth a means to identify hemostatic effectors, biomarkers, and therapeutic targets relevant to thrombosis, vascular inflammation, and other platelet-associated disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özgün Babur
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics
- Computational Biology Program
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Emek Demir
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics
- Computational Biology Program
| | | | | | - Larry L David
- Proteomics Shared Resource
- Department of Chemical Physiology & Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Joseph E Aslan
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Department of Chemical Physiology & Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
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Taylor DW, Bobbili N, Kayatani A, Tassi Yunga S, Kidima W, Leke RFG. Measuring antibody avidity to Plasmodium falciparum merozoite antigens using a multiplex immunoassay approach. Malar J 2020; 19:171. [PMID: 32357882 PMCID: PMC7195780 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-020-03243-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antibodies (Ab) play a significant role in immunity to Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Usually, following repeated exposure to pathogens, affinity maturation and clonal selection take place, resulting in increased antibody avidity. However, some studies suggest affinity maturation may not occur to malaria antigens in endemic areas. Information on development of antibody avidity is confusing and conflicting, in part, because different techniques have been used to measure avidity. Today, bead-based multiplex immunoassays (MIA) are routinely used to simultaneously quantitate antibody levels to multiple antigens. This study evaluated the feasibility of developing an avidity MIA with 5 merozoite antigens (AMA1, EBA-175, MSP1-42, MSP2, MSP3) that uses a single chaotropic concentration. Methods The most common ELISA protocols that used the chaotropic reagents guanidine HCl (GdHCl), urea, and ammonium thiocyanate (NH4SCN) were adapted to a multiplex MIA format. Then, different concentrations of chaotropes and incubation times were compared and results were expressed as an Avidity Index (AI), i.e., percentage of antibody remaining bound in the presence of chaotrope. Experiments were conducted to (i) identify the assay with the widest range of AI (discriminatory power), (ii) determine the amount of chaotrope needed to release 50% of bound Ab using plasma from adults and infants, and (iii) evaluate assay repeatability. Results Overall, 4 M GdHCl and 8 M urea were weaker chaotropes than 3 M NH4SCN. For example, they failed to release significant amounts of Ab bound to MSP1-42 in adult plasma samples; whereas, a range of AI values was obtained with NH4SCN. Titration of NH4SCN revealed that 2 M NH4SCN gave the widest range of AI for the 5 antigens. Binding studies using plasma from 40 adults and 57 1-year old infants in Cameroon showed that 2.1 M ± 0.32 (mean ± SD) NH4SCN (adults) and 1.8 M ± 0.23 M (infants) released 50% of bound Ab from the merozoite antigens. Conclusions An avidity MIA is feasible for the 5 merozoite antigens that uses a single concentration (2 M) of NH4SCN. The assay provides a simple method to quickly obtain information about Ab quantity and quality in the acquisition of immunity to malaria in endemic populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Wallace Taylor
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 561 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA.
| | - Naveen Bobbili
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 561 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Alex Kayatani
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 561 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Samuel Tassi Yunga
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 561 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Winifrida Kidima
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 561 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Rose F G Leke
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The Biotechnology Center, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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Rocheleau AD, Melrose AR, Cunliffe JM, Klimek J, Babur Ö, Yunga ST, Ngo AT, Pang J, David LL, McCarty OJ, Aslan JE. Identification, Quantification, and System Analysis of Protein N-ε Lysine Methylation in Anucleate Blood Platelets. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1900001. [PMID: 30977292 PMCID: PMC7062300 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201900001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Protein posttranslational modifications critically regulate a range of physiological and disease processes. In addition to tyrosine, serine, and threonine phosphorylation, reversible N-ε acylation and alkylation of protein lysine residues also modulate diverse aspects of cellular function. Studies of lysine acyl and alkyl modifications have focused on nuclear proteins in epigenetic regulation; however, lysine modifications are also prevalent on cytosolic proteins to serve increasingly apparent, although less understood roles in cell regulation. Here, the methyl-lysine (meK) proteome of anucleate blood platelets is characterized. With high-resolution, multiplex MS methods, 190 mono-, di-, and tri-meK modifications are identified on 150 different platelet proteins-including 28 meK modifications quantified by tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling. In addition to identifying meK modifications on calmodulin (CaM), GRP78 (HSPA5, BiP), and EF1A1 that have been previously characterized in other cell types, more novel modifications are also uncovered on cofilin, drebin-like protein (DBNL, Hip-55), DOCK8, TRIM25, and numerous other cytoplasmic proteins. Together, the results and analyses support roles for lysine methylation in mediating cytoskeletal, translational, secretory, and other cellular processes. MS data for this study have been deposited into the ProteomeXchange Consortium via the PRIDE partner repository with the dataset identifier PXD012217.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne D. Rocheleau
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Alexander R. Melrose
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Jennifer M. Cunliffe
- Proteomics Shared Resource, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - John Klimek
- Proteomics Shared Resource, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Özgün Babur
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Computational Biology Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Samuel Tassi Yunga
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Cancer Early Detection & Advanced Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Anh T.P. Ngo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Jiaqing Pang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Larry L. David
- Proteomics Shared Resource, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Owen J.T. McCarty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Joseph E. Aslan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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Oladimeji KE, Tsoka-Gwegweni JM, Ojewole E, Yunga ST. Knowledge of malaria prevention among pregnant women and non-pregnant mothers of children aged under 5 years in Ibadan, South West Nigeria. Malar J 2019; 18:92. [PMID: 30902055 PMCID: PMC6431067 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-019-2706-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adequate knowledge of malaria prevention and control can help in reducing the growing burden of malaria among vulnerable groups, particularly pregnant women and children aged under 5 years living in malaria endemic settings. Similar studies have been conducted but with less focus on these vulnerable groups. This study assessed knowledge of malaria prevention and control among the pregnant women and non-pregnant mothers of children aged under 5 years in Ibadan, Oyo State, South West Nigeria. Methods In this cross sectional study, data on socio-demographic, clinical and knowledge on malaria prevention was collected using interviewer administered questionnaires from consenting study participants attending Adeoyo maternity hospital between May and November 2016. Data was described using percentages and compared across the two maternal groups in the study population. Knowledge scoring from collected data was computed using the variables on causes, symptoms and prevention of malaria and thereafter dichotomised. Multivariate analyses were used to assess the interactive effect of socio demographic and clinical characteristics with malaria knowledge. Level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results Of the 1373 women in the study, 59.6% (818) were pregnant women while 40.4% (555) were mothers of children aged under 5 years. The respondents mean age was 29 years ± 5.2. A considerable proportion of both the pregnant women (n = 494, 60.4%) and the non-pregnant mothers of children aged under 5 years (n = 254, 45.8%) did not have correct knowledge on malaria prevention measures based on our assessment threshold (p < 0.001). Having a tertiary level education was associated with better knowledge on malaria (4.20 ± 1.18, F = 16.80, p < 0.001). Multivariate analyses showed that marital status, educational attainment, gravidity, and HIV status were significantly associated with knowledge of malaria prevention and control. Conclusion The findings indicate that socio-demographic factors such as marital and educational status greatly influence knowledge on malaria prevention and control measures. Key health stakeholders and authorities need to implement strategies and direct resources to improve the knowledge of mothers on malaria prevention and control. This would stem the tides of malaria related deaths among pregnant women and children aged under 5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joyce Mahlako Tsoka-Gwegweni
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa
| | - Elizabeth Ojewole
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Samuel Tassi Yunga
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, USA.,The Biotechnology Center, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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9
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Mitrugno A, Tassi Yunga S, Sylman JL, Zilberman-Rudenko J, Shirai T, Hebert JF, Kayton R, Zhang Y, Nan X, Shatzel JJ, Esener S, Duvernay MT, Hamm HE, Gruber A, Williams CD, Takata Y, Armstrong R, Morgan TK, McCarty OJT. The role of coagulation and platelets in colon cancer-associated thrombosis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2018; 316:C264-C273. [PMID: 30462538 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00367.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated thrombosis is a common first presenting sign of malignancy and is currently the second leading cause of death in cancer patients after their malignancy. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer-associated thrombosis remain undefined. In this study, we aimed to develop a better understanding of how cancer cells affect the coagulation cascade and platelet activation to induce a prothrombotic phenotype. Our results show that colon cancer cells trigger platelet activation in a manner dependent on cancer cell tissue factor (TF) expression, thrombin generation, activation of the protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR4) on platelets and consequent release of ADP and thromboxane A2. Platelet-colon cancer cell interactions potentiated the release of platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) rather than cancer cell-derived EVs. Our data show that single colon cancer cells were capable of recruiting and activating platelets and generating fibrin in plasma under shear flow. Finally, in a retrospective analysis of colon cancer patients, we found that the number of venous thromboembolism events was 4.5 times higher in colon cancer patients than in a control population. In conclusion, our data suggest that platelet-cancer cell interactions and perhaps platelet procoagulant EVs may contribute to the prothrombotic phenotype of colon cancer patients. Our work may provide rationale for targeting platelet-cancer cell interactions with PAR4 antagonists together with aspirin and/or ADP receptor antagonists as a potential intervention to limit cancer-associated thrombosis, balancing safety with efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annachiara Mitrugno
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon.,Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon
| | - Samuel Tassi Yunga
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon.,Cancer Early Detection & Advanced Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon
| | - Joanna L Sylman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon.,VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California.,Canary Center at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
| | - Jevgenia Zilberman-Rudenko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon
| | - Toshiaki Shirai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon
| | - Jessica F Hebert
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon
| | - Robert Kayton
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon
| | - Xiaolin Nan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon
| | - Joseph J Shatzel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon.,Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon
| | - Sadik Esener
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon.,Cancer Early Detection & Advanced Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon
| | - Matthew T Duvernay
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Heidi E Hamm
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - András Gruber
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon
| | | | - Yumie Takata
- College of Public Health & Human Science, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Randall Armstrong
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon.,Cancer Early Detection & Advanced Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon
| | - Terry K Morgan
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon
| | - Owen J T McCarty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon.,Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon
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10
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Lloyd YM, Esemu LF, Antallan J, Thomas B, Tassi Yunga S, Obase B, Christine N, Leke RGF, Culleton R, Mfuh KO, Nerurkar VR, Taylor DW. PCR-based detection of Plasmodium falciparum in saliva using mitochondrial cox3 and varATS primers. Trop Med Health 2018; 46:22. [PMID: 29977122 PMCID: PMC6013985 DOI: 10.1186/s41182-018-0100-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sampling of saliva for diagnosing Plasmodium falciparum infections is a safe, non-invasive alternative to sampling of blood. However, the use of saliva presents a challenge because lower concentrations of parasite DNA are present in saliva compared to peripheral blood. Therefore, a sensitive method is needed for detection of parasite DNA in saliva. This study utilized two recently reported “ultra-sensitive” PCR assays based on detection of the P. falciparum mitochondrial cox3 gene and the multi-copy nuclear varATS gene. The ultra-sensitive assays have an advantage over standard 18S rRNA gene-based PCR assay as they target genes with higher copy numbers per parasite genome. Stored saliva DNA samples from 60 Cameroonian individuals with infections previously confirmed by 18S rRNA gene PCR in peripheral blood were tested with assays targeting the cox3 and varATS genes. Results Overall, the standard 18S rRNA gene-based PCR assay detected P. falciparum DNA in 62% of the stored saliva DNA samples, whereas 77 and 68% of the samples were positive with assays that target the cox3 and varATS genes, respectively. Interestingly, the ultra-sensitive assays detected more P. falciparum infections in stored saliva samples than were originally detected by thick-film microscopy (41/60 = 68%). When stratified by number of parasites in the blood, the cox3 assay successfully detected more than 90% of infections using saliva when individuals had > 1000 parasites/μl of peripheral blood, but sensitivity was reduced at submicroscopic parasitemia levels. Bands on electrophoresis gels were distinct for the cox3 assay, whereas faint or non-specific bands were sometimes observed for varATS and 18S rRNA that made interpretation of results difficult. Assays could be completed in 3.5 and 3 h for the cox3 and varATS assays, respectively, whereas the 18S rRNA gene assays required at least 7 h. Conclusions This study demonstrates that a PCR assay targeting the cox3 gene detected P. falciparum DNA in more saliva samples than primers for the 18S rRNA gene. Non-invasive collection of saliva in combination with the proposed cox3 primer-based PCR assay could potentially enhance routine testing of P. falciparum during disease surveillance, monitoring, and evaluation of interventions for malaria elimination. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s41182-018-0100-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukie M Lloyd
- 1Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA
| | - Livo F Esemu
- 2The Biotechnology Center, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Jovikka Antallan
- 1Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA
| | - Bradley Thomas
- 1Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA
| | - Samuel Tassi Yunga
- 1Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA.,6Present Address: Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, USA
| | - Bekindaka Obase
- 3The Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Nana Christine
- 2The Biotechnology Center, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Rose G F Leke
- 2The Biotechnology Center, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Richard Culleton
- 4Leading Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.,5Malaria Unit, Department of Pathology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kenji Obadiah Mfuh
- 1Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA
| | - Vivek R Nerurkar
- 1Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA
| | - Diane Wallace Taylor
- 1Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA
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11
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Sylman JL, Mitrugno A, Atallah M, Tormoen GW, Shatzel JJ, Tassi Yunga S, Wagner TH, Leppert JT, Mallick P, McCarty OJT. The Predictive Value of Inflammation-Related Peripheral Blood Measurements in Cancer Staging and Prognosis. Front Oncol 2018; 8:78. [PMID: 29619344 PMCID: PMC5871812 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we discuss the interaction between cancer and markers of inflammation (such as levels of inflammatory cells and proteins) in the circulation, and the potential benefits of routinely monitoring these markers in peripheral blood measurement assays. Next, we discuss the prognostic value and limitations of using inflammatory markers such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios and C-reactive protein measurements. Furthermore, the review discusses the benefits of combining multiple types of measurements and longitudinal tracking to improve staging and prognosis prediction of patients with cancer, and the ability of novel in silico frameworks to leverage this high-dimensional data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna L Sylman
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States.,Canary Center at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Annachiara Mitrugno
- Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Michelle Atallah
- Canary Center at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Garth W Tormoen
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Joseph J Shatzel
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States.,Cancer Early Detection & Advanced Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Samuel Tassi Yunga
- Cancer Early Detection & Advanced Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Todd H Wagner
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - John T Leppert
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Parag Mallick
- Canary Center at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Owen J T McCarty
- Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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12
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Tassi Yunga S, Fouda GG, Sama G, Ngu JB, Leke RGF, Taylor DW. Increased Susceptibility to Plasmodium falciparum in Infants is associated with Low, not High, Placental Malaria Parasitemia. Sci Rep 2018; 8:169. [PMID: 29317740 PMCID: PMC5760570 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18574-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Risk of malaria in infants can be influenced by prenatal factors. In this study, the potential for placental parasitemia at delivery in predicting susceptibility of infants to Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) infections was evaluated. Seventy-two newborns of mothers who were placental malaria negative (PM-) and of mothers who were PM+ with below (PM+ Lo) and above (PM + Hi) median placental parasitemia, were actively monitored during their first year of life. Median time to first PCR-detected Pf infection was shorter in PM + Lo infants (2.8 months) than in both PM- infants (4.0 months, p = 0.002) and PM + Hi infants (4.1 months, p = 0.01). Total number of new infections was also highest in the PM + Lo group. Only 24% of infants experienced clinical malaria episodes but these episodes occurred earlier in PM + Lo infants than in PM + Hi infants (p = 0.05). The adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI) of having Pf infection was 3.9 (1.8-8.4) and 1.5 (0.7-3.4) for infants in the PM + Lo and PM + Hi groups, respectively. Collectively, low placental parasitemia was associated with increased susceptibility to malaria during infancy. Therefore, malaria in pregnancy preventive regimens, such as sulfadoxine-pyremethamine, that reduce but do not eliminate placental Pf in areas of drug resistance may increase the risk of malaria in infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Tassi Yunga
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 651 Ilalo Street, BSB320, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Genevieve G Fouda
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA and Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Grace Sama
- The Biotechnology Center, University of Yaoundé 1, BP 3851 Messa, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Julia B Ngu
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, BP 1364, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Rose G F Leke
- The Biotechnology Center, University of Yaoundé 1, BP 3851 Messa, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Diane W Taylor
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 651 Ilalo Street, BSB320, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA.
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13
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Mitrugno A, Sylman JL, Rigg RA, Tassi Yunga S, Shatzel JJ, Williams CD, McCarty OJT. Carpe low-dose aspirin: the new anti-cancer face of an old anti-platelet drug. Platelets 2017; 29:773-778. [PMID: 29265902 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2017.1416076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is a dynamic process during which cancer cells separate from a primary tumor, migrate through the vessel wall into the bloodstream, and extravasate at distant sites to form secondary colonies. During this process, circulating tumor cells are subjected to shear stress forces from blood flow, and in contact with plasma proteins and blood cells of the immune and hemostatic system, including platelets. Many studies have shown an association between high platelet count and cancer metastasis, suggesting that platelets may play an occult role in tumorigenesis. This mini-review summarizes recent and emerging discoveries of mechanisms by which cancer cells activate platelets and the role of activated platelets in promoting tumor growth and metastasis. Moreover, the review discusses how aspirin has the potential for being clinically used as an adjuvant in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annachiara Mitrugno
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering , Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,b Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology , Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,c Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology , Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,e Knight Cancer Institute, School of Medicine , Oregon Health & Science University , Portland , OR , USA
| | - Joanna L Sylman
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering , Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,f VA Palo Alto Health Care System , Palo Alto , CA , USA.,g Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford , Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford , CA , USA
| | - Rachel A Rigg
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering , Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,b Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology , Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,c Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology , Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Samuel Tassi Yunga
- d Cancer Early Detection & Advanced Research Center , Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,e Knight Cancer Institute, School of Medicine , Oregon Health & Science University , Portland , OR , USA
| | - Joseph J Shatzel
- c Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology , Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,e Knight Cancer Institute, School of Medicine , Oregon Health & Science University , Portland , OR , USA
| | - Craig D Williams
- h School of Pharmacy , Oregon State University , Portland , OR , USA
| | - Owen J T McCarty
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering , Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,b Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology , Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,c Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology , Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,e Knight Cancer Institute, School of Medicine , Oregon Health & Science University , Portland , OR , USA
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14
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Mfuh KO, Tassi Yunga S, Esemu LF, Bekindaka ON, Yonga J, Djontu JC, Mbakop CD, Taylor DW, Nerurkar VR, Leke RGF. Detection of Plasmodium falciparum DNA in saliva samples stored at room temperature: potential for a non-invasive saliva-based diagnostic test for malaria. Malar J 2017; 16:434. [PMID: 29078786 PMCID: PMC5658920 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-017-2084-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Current malaria diagnostic methods require blood collection, that may be associated with pain and the risk of transmitting blood-borne pathogens, and often create poor compliance when repeated sampling is needed. On the other hand, the collection of saliva is minimally invasive; but saliva has not been widely used for the diagnosis of malaria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of saliva collected and stored at room temperature using the OMNIgene®•ORAL kit for diagnosing Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Methods Paired blood and saliva samples were collected from 222 febrile patients in Cameroon. Saliva samples were collected using the OMNIgene®•ORAL (OM-501) kit and stored at room temperature for up to 13 months. Thick blood film microscopy (TFM) was used to detect P. falciparum blood-stage parasites in blood. Detection of P. falciparum DNA in blood and saliva was based on amplification of the multi-copy 18 s rRNA gene using the nested-polymerase chain reaction (nPCR). Results Prevalence of malaria detected by TFM, nPCR-saliva and nPCR-blood was 22, 29, and 35%, respectively. Using TFM as the gold standard, the sensitivity of nPCR-saliva and nPCR-blood in detecting P. falciparum was 95 and 100%, respectively; with corresponding specificities of 93 and 87%. When nPCR-blood was used as gold standard, the sensitivity of nPCR-saliva and microscopy was 82 and 68%, respectively; whereas, the specificity was 99 and 100%, respectively. Nested PCR-saliva had a very good agreement with both TFM (kappa value 0.8) and blood PCR (kappa value 0.8). At parasitaemia > 10,000 parasites/µl of blood, the sensitivity of nPCR-saliva was 100%. Nested PCR-saliva detected 16 sub-microscopic malaria infections. One year after sample collection, P. falciparum DNA was detected in 80% of saliva samples stored at room temperature. Conclusions Saliva can potentially be used as an alternative non-invasive sample for the diagnosis of malaria and the OMNIgene®•ORAL kit is effective at transporting and preserving malaria parasite DNA in saliva at room temperature. The technology described in this study for diagnosis of malaria in resource-limited countries adds on to the armamentarium needed for elimination of malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji O Mfuh
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA.,Biotechnology Center, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Samuel Tassi Yunga
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA.,Biotechnology Center, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Livo F Esemu
- Biotechnology Center, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | - Jessica Yonga
- Biotechnology Center, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | | | - Diane W Taylor
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA.
| | - Vivek R Nerurkar
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Rose G F Leke
- Biotechnology Center, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,National Medical Research Institute, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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15
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Tassi Yunga S, Kayatani AK, Fogako J, Leke RJI, Leke RGF, Taylor DW. Timing of the human prenatal antibody response to Plasmodium falciparum antigens. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184571. [PMID: 28950009 PMCID: PMC5614534 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum (Pf)-specific T- and B-cell responses may be present at birth; however, when during fetal development antibodies are produced is unknown. Accordingly, cord blood samples from 232 preterm (20–37 weeks of gestation) and 450 term (≥37 weeks) babies were screened for IgM to Pf blood-stage antigens MSP1, MSP2, AMA1, EBA175 and RESA. Overall, 25% [95% CI = 22–28%] of the 682 newborns were positive for IgM to ≥1 Pf antigens with the earliest response occurring at 22 weeks. Interestingly, the odds of being positive for cord blood Pf IgM decreased with gestational age (adjusted OR [95% CI] at 20–31 weeks = 2.55 [1.14–5.85] and at 32–36 weeks = 1.97 [0.92–4.29], with ≥37 weeks as reference); however, preterm and term newborns had similar levels of Pf IgM and recognized a comparable breadth of antigens. Having cord blood Pf IgM was associated with placental malaria (adjusted OR [95% CI] = 2.37 [1.25–4.54]). To determine if in utero exposure occurred via transplacental transfer of Pf-IgG immune complexes (IC), IC containing MSP1 and MSP2 were measured in plasma of 242 mother-newborn pairs. Among newborns of IC-positive mothers (77/242), the proportion of cord samples with Pf IC increased with gestational age but was not associated with Pf IgM, suggesting that fetal B cells early in gestation had not been primed by IC. Finally, when cord mononuclear cells from 64 term newborns were cultured in vitro, only 11% (7/64) of supernatants had Pf IgM; whereas, 95% (61/64) contained secreted Pf IgG. These data suggest fetal B cells are capable of making Pf-specific IgM from early in the second trimester and undergo isotype switching to IgG towards term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Tassi Yunga
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Alexander K. Kayatani
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Josephine Fogako
- The Biotechnology Center, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Robert J. I. Leke
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Rose G. F. Leke
- The Biotechnology Center, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Diane W. Taylor
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Tassi Yunga S, Thévenon AD, Leke RGF, Taylor DW. Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Receptor 2 in Urine Is a Potential Biomarker for Noninvasive Diagnosis of Malaria During Pregnancy. Open Forum Infect Dis 2016; 3:ofw084. [PMID: 27419160 PMCID: PMC4943558 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofw084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. During pregnancy, the placenta is inaccessible for diagnosis of placental malaria (PM), but soluble tumor necrosis factor-α receptors (sTNFR) are elevated in the plasma of women with PM. Methods. In this study, sTNFR-1 and sTNFR-2 were quantified in urine of pregnant and nonpregnant Cameroonian women who were positive or negative for malaria by blood-smear microscopy. Results. We found that levels of both sTNFR in urine were higher in pregnant compared with nonpregnant women, but malaria-positive pregnant women excreted substantially more sTNFR-1 (P = .005) and sTNFR-2 (P < .001) than malaria-negative pregnant women. The amount of sTNFR-1(rs = 0.784, P < .001) and sTNFR-2 (rs = 0.816, P < .001) in urine correlated with parasitemia, even in afebrile pregnant women. Urine sTNFR-2 predicted maternal malaria with an area under curve of 0.892 (95% confidence interval, .787–.898). At cutoff concentrations of 9.8 ng and 13.6 ng of sTNFR-2 per mL urine, the sensitivity/specificity were 82.6%/87.0% and 78.3%/95.7%, respectively. Conclusions. The sTNFR-2 in noninvasive urine samples may be useful for diagnosis of malaria during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Tassi Yunga
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu; The Biotechnology Center, University of Yaoundé 1, Cameroon
| | - Audrey Davidson Thévenon
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology , John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa , Honolulu
| | | | - Diane Wallace Taylor
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology , John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa , Honolulu
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