1
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Munoz-Montesino C, Larkem D, Barbereau C, Igel-Egalon A, Truchet S, Jacquet E, Nhiri N, Moudjou M, Sizun C, Rezaei H, Béringue V, Dron M. A seven-residue deletion in PrP leads to generation of a spontaneous prion formed from C-terminal C1 fragment of PrP. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:14025-14039. [PMID: 32788216 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prions result from a drastic conformational change of the host-encoded cellular prion protein (PrP), leading to the formation of β-sheet-rich, insoluble, and protease-resistant self-replicating assemblies (PrPSc). The cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in spontaneous prion formation in sporadic and inherited human prion diseases or equivalent animal diseases are poorly understood, in part because cell models of spontaneously forming prions are currently lacking. Here, extending studies on the role of the H2 α-helix C terminus of PrP, we found that deletion of the highly conserved 190HTVTTTT196 segment of ovine PrP led to spontaneous prion formation in the RK13 rabbit kidney cell model. On long-term passage, the mutant cells stably produced proteinase K (PK)-resistant, insoluble, and aggregated assemblies that were infectious for naïve cells expressing either the mutant protein or other PrPs with slightly different deletions in the same area. The electrophoretic pattern of the PK-resistant core of the spontaneous prion (ΔSpont) contained mainly C-terminal polypeptides akin to C1, the cell-surface anchored C-terminal moiety of PrP generated by natural cellular processing. RK13 cells expressing solely the Δ190-196 C1 PrP construct, in the absence of the full-length protein, were susceptible to ΔSpont prions. ΔSpont infection induced the conversion of the mutated C1 into a PK-resistant and infectious form perpetuating the biochemical characteristics of ΔSpont prion. In conclusion, this work provides a unique cell-derived system generating spontaneous prions and provides evidence that the 113 C-terminal residues of PrP are sufficient for a self-propagating prion entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola Munoz-Montesino
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Djabir Larkem
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Clément Barbereau
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Angélique Igel-Egalon
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sandrine Truchet
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Eric Jacquet
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Naïma Nhiri
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Mohammed Moudjou
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Christina Sizun
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Human Rezaei
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Vincent Béringue
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Michel Dron
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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2
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Passet B, Castille J, Makhzami S, Truchet S, Vaiman A, Floriot S, Moazami-Goudarzi K, Vilotte M, Gaillard AL, Helary L, Bertaud M, Andréoletti O, Vaiman D, Calvel P, Daniel-Carlier N, Moudjou M, Beauvallet C, Benharouga M, Laloé D, Mouillet-Richard S, Duchesne A, Béringue V, Vilotte JL. The Prion-like protein Shadoo is involved in mouse embryonic and mammary development and differentiation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6765. [PMID: 32317725 PMCID: PMC7174383 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63805-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Shadoo belongs to the prion protein family, an evolutionary conserved and extensively studied family due to the implication of PrP in Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies. However, the biological function of these genes remains poorly understood. While Sprn-knockdown experiments suggested an involvement of Shadoo during mouse embryonic development, Sprn-knockout experiments in 129Pas/C57BL/6J or 129Pas/FVB/NCr mice did not confirm it. In the present study, we analyzed the impact of Sprn gene invalidation in a pure FVB/NJ genetic background, using a zinc finger nuclease approach. The in-depth analysis of the derived knockout transgenic mice revealed a significant increase in embryonic lethality at early post-implantation stages, a growth retardation of young Sprn-knockout pups fed by wild type mice and a lactation defect of Sprn-knockout females. Histological and transcriptional analyses of knockout E7.5 embryos, E14.5 placentas and G7.5 mammary glands revealed specific roles of the Shadoo protein in mouse early embryogenesis, tissue development and differentiation with a potential antagonist action between PrP and Shadoo. This study thus highlights the entanglement between the proteins of the prion family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Passet
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1313-GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Johan Castille
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1313-GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Samira Makhzami
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1313-GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sandrine Truchet
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Anne Vaiman
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1313-GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sandrine Floriot
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1313-GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | - Marthe Vilotte
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1313-GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Anne-Laure Gaillard
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1313-GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Louise Helary
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1313-GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Maud Bertaud
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1313-GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | - Daniel Vaiman
- Institut Cochin, U1016, INSERM, UMR 8504 CNRS, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Calvel
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1313-GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | - Mohammed Moudjou
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Christian Beauvallet
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1313-GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | - Denis Laloé
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1313-GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sophie Mouillet-Richard
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Amandine Duchesne
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1313-GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Vincent Béringue
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jean-Luc Vilotte
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1313-GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
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Lévy E, El Banna N, Baïlle D, Heneman-Masurel A, Truchet S, Rezaei H, Huang ME, Béringue V, Martin D, Vernis L. Causative Links between Protein Aggregation and Oxidative Stress: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163896. [PMID: 31405050 PMCID: PMC6719959 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Compelling evidence supports a tight link between oxidative stress and protein aggregation processes, which are noticeably involved in the development of proteinopathies, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and prion disease. The literature is tremendously rich in studies that establish a functional link between both processes, revealing that oxidative stress can be either causative, or consecutive, to protein aggregation. Because oxidative stress monitoring is highly challenging and may often lead to artefactual results, cutting-edge technical tools have been developed recently in the redox field, improving the ability to measure oxidative perturbations in biological systems. This review aims at providing an update of the previously known functional links between oxidative stress and protein aggregation, thereby revisiting the long-established relationship between both processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Lévy
- Molecular Virology and Immunology Unit (VIM-UR892), INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3348, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Nadine El Banna
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3348, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Dorothée Baïlle
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3348, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Amélie Heneman-Masurel
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3348, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Sandrine Truchet
- Molecular Virology and Immunology Unit (VIM-UR892), INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Human Rezaei
- Molecular Virology and Immunology Unit (VIM-UR892), INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Meng-Er Huang
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3348, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Vincent Béringue
- Molecular Virology and Immunology Unit (VIM-UR892), INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Davy Martin
- Molecular Virology and Immunology Unit (VIM-UR892), INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
| | - Laurence Vernis
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3348, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France.
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4
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Lejal N, Truchet S, Bechor E, Bouguyon E, Khedkar V, Bertho N, Vidic J, Adenot P, Solier S, Pick E, Slama-Schwok A. Turning off NADPH oxidase-2 by impeding p67 phox activation in infected mouse macrophages reduced viral entry and inflammation. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018. [PMID: 29524539 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeting cells of the host immune system is a promising approach to fight against Influenza A virus (IAV) infection. Macrophage cells use the NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX2) enzymatic complex as a first line of defense against pathogens by generating superoxide ions O2- and releasing H2O2. Herein, we investigated whether targeting membrane -embedded NOX2 decreased IAV entry via raft domains and reduced inflammation in infected macrophages. METHODS Confocal microscopy and western blots monitored levels of the viral nucleoprotein NP and p67phox, NOX2 activator subunit, Elisa assays quantified TNF-α levels in LPS or IAV-activated mouse or porcine alveolar macrophages pretreated with a fluorescent NOX inhibitor, called nanoshutter NS1. RESULTS IAV infection in macrophages promoted p67phox translocation to the membrane, rafts clustering and activation of the NOX2 complex at early times. Disrupting rafts reduced intracellular viral NP. NS1 markedly reduced raft clustering and viral entry by binding to the C-terminal of NOX2 also characterized in vitro. NS1 decrease of TNF-α release depended on the cell type. CONCLUSION NOX2 participated in IAV entry and raft-mediated endocytosis. NOX2 inhibition by NS1 reduced viral entry. NS1 competition with p67phox for NOX2 binding shown by in silico models and cell-free assays was in agreement with NS1 inhibiting p67phox translocation to membrane-embedded NOX2 in mouse and porcine macrophages. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE We introduce NS1 as a compound targeting NOX2, a critical enzyme controlling viral levels and inflammation in macrophages and discuss the therapeutic relevance of targeting the C-terminal of NADPH oxidases by probes like NS1 in viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Lejal
- Paris Saclay University, U892 INRA, Jouy en Josas, France
| | | | - Edna Bechor
- Julius Friedrich Cohnheim Laboratory of Phagocyte Research, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | | | - Vijay Khedkar
- Paris Saclay University, U892 INRA, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Nicolas Bertho
- Paris Saclay University, U892 INRA, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Jasmina Vidic
- Paris Saclay University, U892 INRA, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Pierre Adenot
- Paris-Saclay University, UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Jouy en Josas, France; Paris-Saclay University, MIMA2 Plateform, INRA, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Stéphanie Solier
- Paris Saclay University, Gustave Roussy Institute, U1170 INSERM, Villejuif, France
| | - Edgar Pick
- Julius Friedrich Cohnheim Laboratory of Phagocyte Research, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Anny Slama-Schwok
- Paris Saclay University, U892 INRA, Jouy en Josas, France; Paris Saclay University, Gustave Roussy Institute, UMR 8200 CNRS, Villejuif, France.
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5
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Abstract
Milk is a unique and complete nutritive source for the mammal neonate, also providing immune protection and developmental signals. Lactation is a complex process, proper to the mother and child dyad, and including numerous variables ranging from psychological aspects to the secretory functioning of the mammary epithelial cells, all contributing to a successful breastfeeding. This review gives an integrated overview of the physiology of lactation with a particular focus on cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in milk product secretion and their regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Truchet
- VIM, UR 892 INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
| | - Edith Honvo-Houéto
- GABI, INRA/AgroParisTech/Université Paris-Saclay, Domaine de Vilvert, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
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6
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Durcin M, Fleury A, Taillebois E, Hilairet G, Krupova Z, Henry C, Truchet S, Trötzmüller M, Köfeler H, Mabilleau G, Hue O, Andriantsitohaina R, Martin P, Le Lay S. Characterisation of adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicle subtypes identifies distinct protein and lipid signatures for large and small extracellular vesicles. J Extracell Vesicles 2017; 6:1305677. [PMID: 28473884 PMCID: PMC5405565 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2017.1305677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are biological vectors that can modulate the metabolism of target cells by conveying signalling proteins and genomic material. The level of EVs in plasma is significantly increased in cardiometabolic diseases associated with obesity, suggesting their possible participation in the development of metabolic dysfunction. With regard to the poor definition of adipocyte-derived EVs, the purpose of this study was to characterise both qualitatively and quantitatively EVs subpopulations secreted by fat cells. Adipocyte-derived EVs were isolated by differential centrifugation of conditioned media collected from 3T3-L1 adipocytes cultured for 24 h in serum-free conditions. Based on morphological and biochemical properties, as well as quantification of secreted EVs, we distinguished two subpopulations of adipocyte-derived EVs, namely small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and large extracellular vesicles (lEVs). Proteomic analyses revealed that lEVs and sEVs exhibit specific protein signatures, allowing us not only to define novel markers of each population, but also to predict their biological functions. Despite similar phospholipid patterns, the comparative lipidomic analysis performed on these EV subclasses revealed a specific cholesterol enrichment of the sEV population, whereas lEVs were characterised by high amounts of externalised phosphatidylserine. Enhanced secretion of lEVs and sEVs is achievable following exposure to different biological stimuli related to the chronic low-grade inflammation state associated with obesity. Finally, we demonstrate the ability of primary murine adipocytes to secrete sEVs and lEVs, which display physical and biological characteristics similar to those described for 3T3-L1. Our study provides additional information and elements to define EV subtypes based on the characterisation of adipocyte-derived EV populations. It also underscores the need to distinguish EV subpopulations, through a combination of multiple approaches and markers, since their specific composition may cause distinct metabolic responses in recipient cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maëva Durcin
- INSERM U1063, Oxidative stress and metabolic pathologies, Angers University, Pointe à Pitre, France.,Adaptation to Tropical Climate and Exercise Laboratory, EA3596, University of the French West Indies, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Audrey Fleury
- INSERM U1063, Oxidative stress and metabolic pathologies, Angers University, Pointe à Pitre, France
| | - Emiliane Taillebois
- INSERM U1063, Oxidative stress and metabolic pathologies, Angers University, Pointe à Pitre, France
| | - Grégory Hilairet
- INSERM U1063, Oxidative stress and metabolic pathologies, Angers University, Pointe à Pitre, France
| | - Zuzana Krupova
- GABI, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,EXCILONE, Elancourt, France
| | - Céline Henry
- MICALIS Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, PAPPSO, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sandrine Truchet
- Adaptation to Tropical Climate and Exercise Laboratory, EA3596, University of the French West Indies, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Martin Trötzmüller
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Omics Center Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Köfeler
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Omics Center Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Olivier Hue
- Adaptation to Tropical Climate and Exercise Laboratory, EA3596, University of the French West Indies, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | | | - Patrice Martin
- GABI, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Soazig Le Lay
- INSERM U1063, Oxidative stress and metabolic pathologies, Angers University, Pointe à Pitre, France
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7
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Durcin M, Fleury A, Taillebois E, Hilairet G, Krupova Z, Henry C, Truchet S, Trötzmüller M, Köfeler H, Mabilleau G, Hue O, Andriantsitohaina R, Le Lay S. Proteomic profiling of extracellular vesicles derived from adipocytes reveals the presence of key metabolic proteins involved in the development of cardiovascular diseases associated with obesity. Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases Supplements 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1878-6480(17)30470-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Honvo-Houéto E, Henry C, Chat S, Layani S, Truchet S. The endoplasmic reticulum and casein-containing vesicles contribute to milk fat globule membrane. Mol Biol Cell 2016; 27:2946-64. [PMID: 27535430 PMCID: PMC5042581 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e16-06-0364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum and the secretory vesicles contribute to the formation of the milk fat globule membrane. In addition, lipid raft microdomains may play a role in the transport and/or secretion of the milk fat globule, and SNARE proteins appear to coordinate membrane exchanges during milk product secretion. During lactation, mammary epithelial cells secrete huge amounts of milk from their apical side. The current view is that caseins are secreted by exocytosis, whereas milk fat globules are released by budding, enwrapped by the plasma membrane. Owing to the number and large size of milk fat globules, the membrane surface needed for their release might exceed that of the apical plasma membrane. A large-scale proteomics analysis of both cytoplasmic lipid droplets and secreted milk fat globule membranes was used to decipher the cellular origins of the milk fat globule membrane. Surprisingly, differential analysis of protein profiles of these two organelles strongly suggest that, in addition to the plasma membrane, the endoplasmic reticulum and the secretory vesicles contribute to the milk fat globule membrane. Analysis of membrane-associated and raft microdomain proteins reinforces this possibility and also points to a role for lipid rafts in milk product secretion. Our results provide evidence for a significant contribution of the endoplasmic reticulum to the milk fat globule membrane and a role for SNAREs in membrane dynamics during milk secretion. These novel aspects point to a more complex model for milk secretion than currently envisioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Honvo-Houéto
- INRA, UR1196 Génomique et Physiologie de la Lactation, F-78352 Jouy-en-Josas Cedex, France
| | - Céline Henry
- INRA, UMR1319, MICALIS, PAPPSO, F-78352 Jouy-en-Josas Cedex, France
| | - Sophie Chat
- INRA, UR1196 Génomique et Physiologie de la Lactation, F-78352 Jouy-en-Josas Cedex, France
| | - Sarah Layani
- INRA, UR1196 Génomique et Physiologie de la Lactation, F-78352 Jouy-en-Josas Cedex, France
| | - Sandrine Truchet
- INRA, UR1196 Génomique et Physiologie de la Lactation, F-78352 Jouy-en-Josas Cedex, France
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9
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Pecorini C, Rebucci R, Truchet S, Baldi A. In vitroeffects of lactoferrin on intestinal and mammary epithelial cell lines. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2009.s2.643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Pecorini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Veterinarie per la Sicurezza Alimentare, Università di Milano, Italy
| | - Raffaella Rebucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Veterinarie per la Sicurezza Alimentare, Università di Milano, Italy
| | - Sandrine Truchet
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UR1196 Génomique et Physiologie de la Lactation. Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Antonella Baldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Veterinarie per la Sicurezza Alimentare, Università di Milano, Italy
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10
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Abstract
Indirect immunofluorescence is used to detect and locate proteins of interest in a tissue. The protocol presented here describes a complete and simple method for the immune detection of proteins, the mouse lactating mammary gland being taken as an example. A protocol for the preparation of the tissue samples, especially concerning the dissection of mouse mammary gland, tissue fixation and frozen tissue sectioning, are detailed. A standard protocol to perform indirect immunofluorescence, including an optional antigen retrieval step, is also presented. The observation of the labeled tissue sections as well as image acquisition and post-treatments are also stated. This procedure gives a full overview, from the collection of animal tissue to the cellular localization of a protein. Although this general method can be applied to other tissue samples, it should be adapted to each tissue/primary antibody couple studied.
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11
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Abstract
During lactation, polarized mammary epithelial secretory cells (MESCs) secrete huge quantities of the nutrient molecules that make up milk, i.e. proteins, fat globules and soluble components such as lactose and minerals. Some of these nutrients are only produced by the MESCs themselves, while others are to a great extent transferred from the blood. MESCs can thus be seen as a crossroads for both the uptake and the secretion with cross-talks between intracellular compartments that enable spatial and temporal coordination of the secretion of the milk constituents. Although the physiology of lactation is well understood, the molecular mechanisms underlying the secretion of milk components remain incompletely characterized. Major milk proteins, namely caseins, are secreted by exocytosis, while the milk fat globules are released by budding, being enwrapped by the apical plasma membrane. Prolactin, which stimulates the transcription of casein genes, also induces the production of arachidonic acid, leading to accelerated casein transport and/or secretion. Because of their ability to form complexes that bridge two membranes and promote their fusion, SNARE (Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-Sensitive Factor Attachment Protein Receptor) proteins are involved in almost all intracellular trafficking steps and exocytosis. As SNAREs can bind arachidonic acid, they could be the effectors of the secretagogue effect of prolactin in MESCs. Indeed, some SNAREs have been observed between secretory vesicles and lipid droplets suggesting that these proteins could not only orchestrate the intracellular trafficking of milk components but also act as key regulators for both the coupling and coordination of milk product secretion in response to hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Truchet
- INRA, UR1196 Génomique et Physiologie de la Lactation, 78352, Jouy-en-Josas Cedex, France,
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Galio L, Droineau S, Yeboah P, Boudiaf H, Bouet S, Truchet S, Devinoy E. MicroRNA in the ovine mammary gland during early pregnancy: spatial and temporal expression of miR-21, miR-205, and miR-200. Physiol Genomics 2012; 45:151-61. [PMID: 23269700 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00091.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammary gland undergoes extensive remodeling between the beginning of pregnancy and lactation; this involves cellular processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, all of which are under the control of numerous regulators. To unravel the role played by miRNA, we describe here 47 new ovine miRNA cloned from mammary gland in early pregnancy displaying strong similarities with those already identified in the cow, human, or mouse. A microarray study of miRNA variations in the adult ovine mammary gland during pregnancy and lactation showed that 100 miRNA are regulated according to three principal patterns of expression: a decrease in early pregnancy, a peak at midpregnancy, or an increase throughout late pregnancy and lactation. One miRNA displaying each pattern (miR-21, miR-205, and miR-200b) was analyzed by qRT-PCR. Variations in expression were confirmed for all three miRNA. Using in situ hybridization, we detected both miR-21 and miR-200 in luminal mammary epithelial cells when expressed, whereas miR-205 was expressed in basal cells during the first half of pregnancy and then in luminal cells during the second half. We therefore conclude that miR-21 is strongly expressed in the luminal cells of the normal mammary gland during early pregnancy when extensive cell proliferation occurs. In addition, we show that miR-205 and miR-200 are coexpressed in luminal cells, but only during the second half of pregnancy. These two miRNA may cooperate to maintain epithelial status by repressing an EMT-like program, to achieve and preserve the secretory phenotype of mammary epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Galio
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de Recherche 1196 Génomique et Physiologie de la Lactation, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
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Chat S, Layani S, Mahaut C, Henry C, Chanat E, Truchet S. Characterisation of the potential SNARE proteins relevant to milk product release by mouse mammary epithelial cells. Eur J Cell Biol 2011; 90:401-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2011.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2010] [Revised: 12/28/2010] [Accepted: 01/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Cinier R, Guilment J, Poncelet O, Truchet S, Wettling D. On-Line Spectroscopic Studies of Group iv Alkoxides and their Interactions with Polymerizable Organic Additives During the Sol-Gel Process. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-519-135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe monitoring of different reactions such as the stabilization of the alkoxides with polymerizable organic additives, the building of the inorganic network during the hydrolysis process, and in a same manner, the polymerization of the organic additives, can be of great importance for the development of hybrid materials with improved processability.NIR spectroscopy is a very versatile technique but lacks of specificity. IR and Raman give more interpretative results but are not always easy to run on a process. We used both techniques along with chemometric tools to extract relevant information from our processes. Then 2D correlation allowed to benefit from the specificity of IR and Raman to develop robust NIR methods able to be used on line to control the different steps of the sol-gel process.The hydrolysis of mixed species of titanium containing chloro, isopropoxo and methacrylato ligands will be discussed in terms of mechanism occuring during the sol-gel process.
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Pecorini C, Delpal S, Truchet S, Le Provost F, Baldi A, Ollivier-Bousquet M. Lactoferrin at basal side of mouse mammary epithelium derives in part from stroma cells. Cell Tissue Res 2009; 338:241-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-009-0873-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2009] [Accepted: 09/01/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Lecroulant A, Truchet S, Valade A, Rivera S, Dulubac E, Coupet A, Oyharçabal V, Hernandorena X. SFP-P178 – Neurologie – Accident ischémique cérébral et pseudoxanthome élastique. Arch Pediatr 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(08)72307-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hue-Beauvais C, Péchoux C, Bouguyon E, Chat S, Truchet S, Pauloin A, Le Gouar Y, Ollivier-Bousquet M. Localisation of caveolin in mammary tissue depends on cell type. Cell Tissue Res 2007; 328:521-36. [PMID: 17468894 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-006-0370-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2006] [Accepted: 12/18/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Caveolins, components of caveolae, are expressed in mammary tissue. In order to determine whether caveolins are present in different mammary cell types and whether their localisation depends on the physiological stage or species, cav-1 and cav-2 were characterised by immunoblotting in mammary tissues from the mouse, ewe and rabbit and localised, by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy, in mammary tissues from the mouse and ewe. At all the physiological stages studied, cav-1 and cav-2 were present in endothelial and myoepithelial cells in which flask-shaped caveolae were abundant. However, labelling of cav-1 and cav-2 associated with small vesiculo-tubular structures (including those close to lipid droplets) was low in epithelial cells. To study the possible association of cav-1 with lipid droplets, lactating ewe mammary fragments were treated in vitro with brefeldin A. This treatment did not modify the association of cav-1-labelled structures with lipid droplets. Finally, HC11 and MCF-10A mammary cell lines were treated with oleic acid. The total quantity of cav-1 was little affected by the treatment, although the lipid droplet labelling of cav-1 was amplified in MCF-10A cells. Thus, the synthesis and localisation of caveolins are mostly dependent upon the cell types of mammary tissue and upon their state of differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Hue-Beauvais
- Unité UR1196 Génomique et Physiologie de la Lactation, INRA, 78352, Jouy-en-Josas cedex, France
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Truchet S, Chebrout M, Djediat C, Wietzerbin J, Debey P. Presence of permanently activated signal transducers and activators of transcription in nuclear interchromatin granules of unstimulated mouse oocytes and preimplantation embryos. Biol Reprod 2004; 71:1330-9. [PMID: 15189833 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.104.029405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously described that mouse oocytes and preimplantation embryos express the two subunits of interferon-gamma receptor. We now report that, despite the presence of STAT1 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 1) at both the mRNA and protein levels, interferon gamma (IFNgamma) as well as IFNalpha are unable to trigger massive nuclear translocation of STAT1 in these cells, even at high cytokine concentrations. Conversely, nuclear accumulation of STAT1 was readily observed in murine L929 somatic cells under the same conditions. However, in the absence of any stimulation, both tyrosine (Y701p) and serine (S727p) phosphorylated forms of STAT1 were already detected in the nuclei of oocytes and early embryos. Phosphorylated STAT1 appeared concentrated in large nuclear dots, which were identified by indirect immunofluorescence and electron microscopy as clusters of interchromatin granules (IGCs or speckles). A similar distribution was also observed for the serine (S727p) phosphorylated form of STAT3 as well as for tyrosine (Y689p) phosphorylated STAT2. Western blot analysis confirmed that STAT factors present in mouse oocytes are predominantly phosphorylated. In parallel, we showed that the transcription of two IFNgamma-target genes, namely interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) and suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS-1) is indeed increased in two-cell embryos in response to IFNgamma. Altogether, our results suggest that, despite the lack of massive nuclear accumulation of STAT1 in response to exogenous IFNs and the permanent presence of phosphorylated STATs in the nucleus, JAK/ STAT pathways are functional during early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Truchet
- USM 503 MNHN, UMR 8646 CNRS-MNHN, U565 INSERM, Département Régulation, Développement et Diversité Moléculaire, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 75005 Paris, France.
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Sancéau J, Truchet S, Bauvois B. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 silencing by RNA interference triggers the migratory-adhesive switch in Ewing's sarcoma cells. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:36537-46. [PMID: 12847101 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m304300200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhanced expression of (pro)matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is associated with human tumor invasion and/or metastasis. COH cells derived from a highly invasive and metastatic Ewing's sarcoma constitutively express proMMP-9. Transfection of a double stranded RNA that targets the MMP-9 mRNA into COH cells depleted the corresponding mRNA and protein as demonstrated by reverse transcriptase-PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and gelatin zymography. proMMP-9 extinction resulted in the following: (i) decreased spreading on extracellular matrix (fibronectin, laminin, collagen IV)-coated surfaces, (ii) inhibition of migration toward fibronectin, and (iii) induced aggregation, which was specifically disrupted by a function-blocking E-cadherin antibody. MMP-9 knockdown concomitantly resulted in increased levels of surface E-cadherin, redistribution at the plasma membrane of beta-catenin, and its physical association with E-cadherin. Moreover, induction of E-cadherin-mediated adhesion was associated with RhoA activation and changes in paxillin cytoskeleton. Finally, an inhibitor of gelatinolytic activity of pro-MMP9 did not reduce COH cell migration confirming that the enzymatic property of COH MMP-9 was not required for migration toward fibronectin. Overall, our observations define a novel critical role for proMMP-9 in providing a cellular switch between stationary and migratory cell phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiane Sancéau
- Unité 365 INSERM, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris cedex 05, France
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Abstract
Cytokines and growth factors play important roles in implantation and maintenance of pregnancy, but also during early development. Among them interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) is highly expressed by mammalian trophoblast cells during implantation and seems to be involved in some cases of pregnancy loss. In the present study we investigated the possible presence of IFNgamma receptors (IFNGR) on mouse oocytes and preimplantation embryos. The two receptor chains IFNgammaRalpha (IFNGR-1) and IFNgammaRbeta (IFNGR-2) have been detected by indirect immunofluorescence at the surface of mouse oocytes (in germinal vesicle and metaphase II stages), as well as at all stages of in vitro embryo development from the one-cell to blastocyst stage. IFNGR appeared to colocalize partly with ganglioside GM1 at the cell surface of oocytes and embryos, indicating a possible preferential localization of this receptor in "rafts" microdomains. This was analyzed in more detail using software developed in the laboratory. IFNgamma was found to bind to its receptor at all stages analyzed. RT-PCR and Southern blot experiments confirmed the presence of the transcriptionally regulated IFNGR-2 chain mRNA, in mouse oocytes and preimplantation embryos. These results show, for the first time, that mouse oocytes and preimplantation embryos bear a complete and theoretically functional IFNGR, suggesting that this cytokine could play a role during early development.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blastocyst/immunology
- Blastocyst/metabolism
- Cleavage Stage, Ovum/immunology
- Cleavage Stage, Ovum/metabolism
- Female
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Membrane Microdomains/immunology
- Membrane Microdomains/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred CBA
- Oocytes/immunology
- Oocytes/metabolism
- Pregnancy
- Protein Subunits
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Interferon/chemistry
- Receptors, Interferon/genetics
- Receptors, Interferon/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Interferon gamma Receptor
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Affiliation(s)
- S Truchet
- INRA 806/MNHN EA 2703, IFR 63 Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, 13, rue P. et M. Curie, 75005 Paris, France
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Bauduer F, Barteau A, Truchet S, Massot-Bordenave J, Ducout L. Bullous pemphigoid associated with the transformation of a preexisting myelodysplastic syndrome. Leuk Lymphoma 1999; 32:399-400. [PMID: 10037042 DOI: 10.3109/10428199909167405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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